Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 11, 1874, Page 10

- conditions controlling its action are tha same in 10 foated themaolves in norvons attacks of tho na- LITE RATU RE. turo of trauces and ocstaslos, and, lator lu lifo, § o to notual maduess, 1fo possessod in a ramarke Dr. Mandsloy on Mody and Mind, ana on Nox in Mind and Educntic BODY AND MIND: AN INQUIRT 1NTO ThEth Cone HROTION AND MUTUAL INFLUFNOF, BPEOJIALLY 1y | i Tigrenknon To MENTAR Disonpns. An Linlnrg shd Rovired Edition, 'To whith aro added Faro; LodrcAn Easavs, By IlENRY MAvbaLey, M. D, Tow of tho Hoyai Collegs of Phyalelnus, Trofestor of prudeno i Univaralty Coliege, London, ete,, Author of Phyalology and Iatiology Miud, eto, 12 mo,, pp, 375, Now Yorks D, ton & Co, Apple- ablo degroo somo of the qualitio of but his solf-sufiolency was voundlesn, shallow, Rrontiuns; hinloatuing nnd bis imngination riotons, 1T write nga contain many grand truths, hut aro diffuse naud todions, and abonnd {u ahsurdities and con tradiotions, ' Lo sound oritiolnn and {uatrnotive oommeantary put forth in his oxposition of the Boripturas “conntrain a of the | the marvelous powers ol Nef iu s guuulnn admiration for lats mind, but not a Loe propontarous spiritusl protonaions, In commonting upon the nesage {n'tho pro- BEX IN MIND AND EDUCATION, By Irwny | fossnd rovalation of Swodonborg, A nian writes dy and Miwd” | ) Mavontex, M, Doy Aullior of I Tapor. Now Yorks Jamos Millor, Tho: volume entitled * Dody and Mind " doca not comprigo & contlnuous aud completo work upon tho subject indicated, but a colloction of 1 lectures and essays, which, undor separ- ato lieads, bear a_ moro or loss mnear i rolatfon to it, hrco connoctivg leo- Anros, which opon tho series, woro delivorod bo- foro tho Royal College of Plysioland of Ton- don, in tho yonr 1870, Tho first of those Ic | ti dovoted to goneral survey of tho physiology of mnd,—to an oxposition of the physical conditions of montal function n honlth. The o decipher not & thought nothing hid roantroction 'of thio his lifo lu his phylquo, and thea tho angols il’(ucuvnr hig autobiography in his structure," . Maudsloy romnrke The history of & man Iz his character, and hia chaructor {8 written on his organlzation, and might o read thoro liad wo but senics aduto ouough the organfo Istters, Thoro {a of tho miml, ‘not & feel- Ing of the hieatt, not an anpiratfon of tho woul, not a l""""" thiat finda vont, not docd whicl fa dotio, that s not fraved wilh an tinfaiting art i tho structura of ho body ; ita very-organ and the conatitnent elementy of each organ grow to (ho fashlon of their exorclso, and hiera 18 nothing covered that might not o revealed, that might not be known, Is not this a gh, solcmn, aud-appalling thought§ It thore bo dy, then tho openiug of tho on tha Day of Judgntent will bo wn unfoldlng of el o Lrance; but, if iho writor confesses that we do not, and porhaps fl‘»‘(’l;'rll:mu[:’llmlrln,g{lll i W nover eball, kuow what mind Ja, but insists that ]L‘fu‘ for evory n;l ;:n;r hlsu-}ml m:fll m%;“;fl“:u‘m“m ncreasing or dim o Inwa of it funtions must bo inseatigated in | of theorergy of 1 ehute sy ox dhuiviating molontifio epirit,—that in, by throwlug naido all | Haye i om0 Preconcoived ndtions, aud accepting unhestat- fngly tho testimony which I8 ylolded by oxnct ob- servation. Tho study of the mind shonld begin with an inquiry inte its humblest bodily mani- featations, A close and protracted oxamination of theso londa to the conclusion that many ac- | 1 tions which have sign aro unconsclous and automatle, and 3 aro porformed by tho mgenoy of the spinal t cord and of tho sousory ganglin and their tonnocted motor nuclel. For oxamplo, tho fac- | t uity of momory Is not peculinr to mind, but is tn- | & dispensable to tho formation and exerciso of tho functions of the lower norve contres. ** In every 1 norvo-cell thoro is memory ;,aud not only eo, but there is memory in every organio olement of Dr, Maud s distinctly an thoro 1 Rox In body, and that thoro should consoquently be a recopuition of sox tn education, mmrind developad to the fullest extent, but In di- author's main postulate, Tn the papor on 8ex in Mind and Education,” fllny afliria thot thoro iy sox in_mind He would bave tho fomalo octions and by mathods different from thoso - | pursued in the culture of the masculine jutal- Sy caumblarieh ot Wy }oct. In tho training of womon, duo rogard hould be paid to their physieal naturo, and to hoir foroordained work as mothors and nuraes. Tho pn'lm i4 emplintio, and yot not offensivo in one. It rather swalls tho” discuesion of tho ubject than adds angthing now to the argu- mont. No rational mind will dissent from the that, in their nims, boir plans, and their pursuits, women should #trive to ripen into o purs and noble woman- hLaod rathior thau into & foeblo and lmpoifect the body.” Memory1s tho orgaulzation of ex- :nuulmod. Deapite the alarms of the sagoa and pertenco, and thoro is roason tosupposo that the f tho brain aa in tho contren of sonsation and ro- | t; flox notton. Volition is, like memory, o phyaio- logical function of the nerve-contres, and ho- comes unconscious and automatio the more completoly it is organized by repeated prac- tloo. Loss of power of will is one of the oarliest and most charactoriatio symptoma of in- savity, and is tho direct offect of physical disoaso, ** Two leading ideas wo ought to grasp and | e hold fast,” enys tho anthor: * First, that tho complex and” more recoudito phenomena of mind are formed out of the more elmplo and olomentary by progressivo specialization and in- togrationy and, secondly, that tho lavs by moans of which this formation takes place nro not lawa of association morely, but Iaws of or- ganio combination and ovolution. The prowth of montal power monns au nctunl addition of etruature to the intimale sconstitution of tho coutres of mind,—n mental organization in them ; and montal doiangemont meana disorder of lhnm,' primary or sccondary, functioual or organio." [ho accond lectnre sletches tho features of tertain forms of degenornoy of mind, and Lraces their roiations to_ other disorders of tho norvous mystom. Montul discawo, accord- fug 1o Dr. Maudslev, i wsimply mer yous discass in which mental symptoms prodominnte. Given .n mind disordered and wa shall invariably discover that it is the quately for their dostiny as tho mothors, and helpmates of the sox ho warnings of the doctors, thoro is good engon to bolievo that the bulk of American women who tre seoking to increass thoir indus- ries and extend thoir usefulness by meana of n highor edueation, will prove by thelr futuro that they aro inspired by no wish “to unsox thon- olves, to abundon their legitimate dutics, or to usurp the privilegos that belong by divinoright to mm? hut,pnu lhg contrary, thas their cliof pur- 080 18, by davelopiuy a mora comploto and pa eot fudividuality, to it themsolvos more ade- wives, of which they are the omplemont. Matthew Arnold on Education in Xre= land and in Germuny, DIGHER BCHOOLS AND UNIVERSITIES IN GRR- MANY, Ty MATTItil AnNoLD, D, O. L, formerly Forelgn Amsiatant Commisslonor ln_fll. Bchools= Inquiry Commiwlon, 120, pp. 2i0, London: Maomiltan & Co, In 1306 Mr. Arnold was appointed by tho Behools-Inquiry Commissioners of Eugland to investignto tho system of edncation for the mid- dle and upper classen of Franco, Italy, Garmany, and Switzerland, on tho Continont in the porformance of this taslk, and fn 1808 publistied the information ho had grined in a volumo unimed * Bchools and Univer~ sities on the Continont,” The bool lns long beon out of print; but that portion of it which relates to Gormauy, 28 having the most practical value, Is now revised uuder the titlo which heads o apont a number of months xonult of - somo bodily dorangemont. Dofectivo | this notico, nervous organizatiovs, which are the prolifie causes of degonerate and domented intelloets, aro the fatal heritage bequoathied from one gonaration to another. ho prosent work opens with an extended proface, in which the author anrnestly advocaies “ Multitades of human | t40 establishmiont of - Ontholic Univoralty in belogs come into tho world weighted with'a | Ireland. Tho arguments urgad in favor of tha dostiny against which they huve naither the will hor tho power to contend; thoy are the step- childron of Nature, and gioan under the woist of all tyrannies,—tho tyrruuny of bad organiza- 40" “Many cacos of idiuoy xra distinotly rofar- able to Earonu\l intemporance and excoss, Out ©of 800 idiots in Massachusotts, Dr. Howo found 146 to bo the offpring of iufomperato paronts, Marringes of cousauguinity tond to produce fl)e(iuuerncy of tho race, the usualrosult bomyg ‘chil measure do honor to the candid and liboral apieit of the wiiter, Although Mr. Arnold isn staunch dhoront of the Church of England, and + firm belover in thto benefit of a union botween Church and State, ho ean regard with a wiso and kind toleration the faith, tho rights, and tho in- torests of tho Romau Catliolics. s more charity for them than for the Dissent- dron of o low dogree of viubility and of im: | ors, whom ho scourgos protty sharply for their In truth, ho Perfect mental and physioni duvelopment. nurrow-minded polioy toward systems of religion The most potent elemont in (o causntion of opposed to their awn. inannity is the infirm and unhiealthy nourows or I tomperament which is trangmitted from parent to child, fluences, or warp of naturo that all the caro in tha world will not preveat them from being vicious or erininal, or becoming insane, truo, may do much, and tho circumstancos of | b lifomny do much ; but wo cannot forget that the | ® individuals are born with aucl o flaw | ® “In consequenco of evil ancestral in- | Mations to tho trutl. ** All forms of religion," @ obgerves to the Dissonters, *“aro but approzi- Your awn i3 but 1t approximation ; Oatholicism, whatever it may “protend, is but au approximation, But all grest formp of Christirnity v Xdueation, it s | And it is by this, their good side, are nimed ab tho trath, that they ox- ibit thomselves to the view of their adhieronts nd ongugo their affoctionn. Wo sball alwaya Toundations on which the acquigition of educa~ | Bppoar ingolont and unjust in the sight of » re- tion must reat are not nequired, but iuberited, | i No ona can escape tho tyranny of his organizi- tion ; no ono can elude tho destiny that is innate in him, and which nnconsciously and irresintibly shapes is detorminiug them with consummale foro- sight and skill.” As strongly as Dr. Slauds- irion's tdbharents so long a8 wo look at it from thé nogasive sida ouly, aud not on that atiractivo sido by which goy #ao it thomwolves. . Neverthe- losk, of 110 raliktion, oo may way, in tha favara- Lis ouds, even when he belioves tlnt ho | IO Fide v0 oasy'to find or w0 propor to inspire ndulgenae, Tho Roman Catholie religion in tho religion vihich hins mot reached the people. The Joy Lolioves {n tho inbaritanca of tho olements | bulk of its suporstitions como from its baving of ingauity, 80 ho belioves in the progressive miskion of conscious acquisitions ns unconscions ondowments. Morally and montally 1o aro, Lruly the beirs of the agen.” The brain of tho idiot prescnls fower convolutions, and_ they sra lews complex, and broader and smoother, than in the opos. Detween the brain of the 1diot or of tho ape, and tho brain of tho man of eminent iutelloct sud oulturo, thore is every degras of gradation,—showing "thet thora is u growth and | d dovolopment of the brain corresppuding with tho | ©! 1il roally plouged ko far dosn into evolution of tha human brain, ana in the trans- | 894 spread so wido among thom. into tho multitude, ) Mr. Avuold approves tie policy of Princo Bis- marck in . founding Romen Catholio schools in Gormany, and would bave Ei ugland pursuo & ke courso, with some differanco of datails, in Ireland. Tho English Governmont in Iroland should, ho thinks, bo, to all intents and pur~ posess, & Catholic Government, Catholicism, cing the roligion of the people, stonld ba en- owed aud publicly Inatituled, " In consequanco f 1ts not beng rocognized and respected, it has growth of intelligence, come to be more crude, blind, and unronsoning, Dr. Maudsley axpresses {he conviction that (3 considorablo proportion of eriminals ate wonke minded, epiloptic, or tainted with insunity, Tho obsorvutions of end moro to ‘prove thub thera distinet and inevilable criminal clags, iy | 8 whom crimo s - heroditary, and | tha result of degoncracy of body and mind, In all tases of peculiar depravity, been committed under unnatural and peculinyly Hagrant circumstunces, there should Luncura- ruf'aenrch for evidoncos of epilopsy, or othor is o than in any other country. Mr. Arnold bolioyes that, it the Irish Catholies wers to enjoy tho civil'aud oducationnl advantages which the Eno. prison-surgoons tend” moro p Elith Churchmon do, thoir religlon would bo- one progressive, and gradually rid itaolf of the uperstitions aud fulsities which now obseure and overporwer its truth, 1l does not consider it 80 desirablo a matter to suppress Catholicism whero orima hay | 88 to enlighten aud purify it. Tho roading of Mr. Arnold’s account of tho achool-aystom in - Germany,—which is both able and exhaustivo.—ono Is atruck with its many narvous disorders which induce montal derange- | dyantnges ovor the plan of education ourrent ment. The third leoture disousses the pathology of | mind, and tho relations of morbid bodily sfates | & Jo disordered mental functions, As 8 supplomont to thesa thres dlscoursos on Body and Mind seienco aud Organization,” b tho upunmi; of tho the Brivish Medical Asnociation, 1872, Instead of fresh ideas, sencluaive olucidation vanced, T'he rolation Lolween oriuo and jusnne ity, or imbeeility, in ospecially dwelt upon, and she fact well oatablished, upon the oxperisnce of madical practice anil the ovidonce of those hayv- ing the best opportunities of obseryution, that &u absonce of the moral sense is ofton & congon- Ital vico or fault of organization, Dr, Muudsley {.:Iveu no opinion as to the logal nolioy of treate ug eriminals who aro devoid of the moral wenso uaif thoy wore of sonnd and-rospoukiblo naturo, but humanely remarks : * When one thinks of Lho torrible afllivtion which an unsound mentanl organization Is, and what reason for dovout thankfulness & man of sound dosceut and natura | | bas, Twould rather ])my with the Arabian phi- losophor, * O God ! be kind tothe wicked ; tothe goud Thou hast lrondy been sufliciontly kind in which waa deliverald In this, thereisn more ample and in England., ooncoption of Nature. of thiscirolo of knowledge, a man has a sure Dbasis for action, and the As to the comparativo number of tudents in England and in Prussia (whioh 14 nkon as a fuir 1epresontative of Gormany), we flud that, in 1865, England, with a pngulnnun of il Bruanaith s pore i) £ 18,500,101 " st (onw | While Pruesis, with a population “of ,500,000, is added an xddrosa au * Con. hnfil 71,' mfl(‘) lr) 0§B‘iq h‘u:%} e Sad schools, Of matriculuted students, o o | e o ey et Aru?’khoxpres)am} :hn‘ m'xi]unlm%d” opini&m that i + | tho body of scholars in_the middle and upper Do ol B e T Tont o Auiddly nd upps tion to that which the acholurs of the same clusses are enjoying in Prussis, I'he schools of I'rus- tia are of a much bLigher standing, and the course of instruction i moro prolonged and much more thorough. Prussian public schools las 1o reforenco to tho boy's future business in lifo; that in, it hos no commercial beoariug. ylts solo ob) & liboral trawing ; whiol onesolf and of capabilities and porformances of the human apirit, one knows himself; and, boys in Ler publio schools, hor und _preparatory 5 Engl‘:nd had 6,902, Mr. Tho teaching in the cct in to give i maans & knowladgo of the world. 1y knowing the by underutand- g scienco und phyrios, onelms an sdequato By having s commaud most jierfoct proparn- ing mood,’ tion for the uchievoment of any destiny, e ottt uk<tim, Slin. i resaie | e roc i sallexcuank of s of his work, Mr, pled with the ossnys, “Ilamlel,” *Fmnn. | Aruoll argues In favor of the introduction of uol Swedonborg,” ‘?'J‘lm heory of Vilal mitural physical sclenco into tho highor ty," and #Tho Limits of Philusopbical Inquiry.” | Achools of Tagiaud, An oxchwivo sciouiine The oxkay upon Ilamlet is o most valuable cone iribution’ to tho literature of Shakspearo, ‘Pho suthor brings s profound knowladge of tha vari- ous phases and peculiarition of the human mind, in hoalth and in dixonge, and long-truinod facut- ties af anatysis and obsorvati to the enruost and equipmont of the mind. Lho clanus of the humauists, or partisaus of clagsi- enl studion, and of the roaints, training Do bolioyes to be less valuablo than a tmmly clnasical odnoation, but a combination of e Lwo i4 esnontial to tho complotedevolopmont ilis_exposition ot or.partisany of Btudy of this most subllo, puzzling, snd elusive | Bcience, iv emincutly fair aud utraightforward, af lfi the charactors in tho rango of the great = dramutist. Tho 1esult s an ongina), rational, A Novels and satisfactory rovelation of the individunlity | THE NEORYSITIES OF BESYIE FAIRPAX: A of lumlot the Dave. It plainly shows how his | Novir, By Mowaik Lo (i Dauier Tav), charactor, and the cireumstaficen which wure Authior of “#iyivan Holt's Duughter, eto, 12ime,, rounded it, wore Liis destiny; how from the re- lations Letwoan the two wis evolved the law of hia fute, Ilamlot was of # proud aud_ genorous | i naturo,” mobly ambitous, an _ uecompliubod seholar, soldier, and courtier; ivrevolute in charactar, ho .full the burden of the geat awd oxcope Honal deod thut bad Dboen imponed upun him. Heconld not conquer clroummtuncos by aither subduing or olmf'lug thom, aud (horofora | becama their wiserable und conucions viesdm, T'ho lewson drawn from tha playis to the offuct, that, “Btruggle ne euraestly nnd as conntantly ag Lie may, tha rattecting mortul nuwst focl, ut tho | 1 ond of al), that he is iwovitably what e i bin follics wudt hin vittues sro ahiko his fat there In s ‘divinily whiol i rough-how them how e g, T'rom u seurching roview of the lifo and wilt- ings of Euimmel Bwodonhorg, Dr., Muudeloy de- | ¢ rives the opinion that the prophiet of the Chinrely pf the Now Jorusslem inherited from his futhor goxwa of insnuty, which in Lis childbyod mani- undor ler ), Philadelphin: Portor & Coites, The viviasltudes of Bossio Fairfax, although n themselves out of tho common, do not cresta an oxclting intorest iu tho author's Prosy narra. bot, weik aud | tion, Hensio was tho obild of the youngost son of awonlthy country esquice. Ilor fathor's oarly and imprudont love-mateh with & clorgyman'y duughter was distrsteful to his relativen, and, when ho diod, leaving her to tho care of lis second wifo, who was an affectionate mother ta his orplian olild, the Fuirfuxes mado no inquiry nto hor conditlon, and quistly abandoned to hor fato. Temsle's atep-mothor marrled again, & kind-hearted, honorablo man, who wililngly adoptod tho obild as his own, Until Bosnlo was 10 yoars old, sho lived withy hose gunorons fostor-parants, sharlng without sting the love which they gnvo the offspring that erndually erowded thelr” sl but suug village e, Lhen, In the abyeuco of prospective v 1874, = uirs Fairfax huntod up tho noglocted granddaughitor, to ¥ n his tamo and ostaten must in all yrobability rovort, Beaso wan ont to s Fronch uchool in Onan for & tornt of threo yoars, to recolve Mm!‘lmllull_nf miud dud snunora mlted to hie now and oalted siation, At tho oloso of this parlod, she was fhe atalled in hor rzmudhumrn lionso os his foknowlodged holress, Ly the Hquire's two Mying sons thoro was_no fjopoe of waus, The Wlfo of ono was tho unfortunato aconpant of an Inanne asylum; and the wife of the othot, now sonie thno doad, wns 80 voritablo a Xantppa thnt It wou gounted improbnblo that hor hsbund would over bo induced to provide himuolt with Lier succcanor, This stood mattorn when Donste onterad tha liomo of Lor ancostors, Dut, aro Hiis had come of age, it wns discovorod that her widowed uncla hiad sovernl s‘n:u-a provionsly continotod & acorot marrfugo with a bosutilul” woman of infarior rank, who had borno him throo sturdy hoya, This' aveht occaslonod viclssitude humoor two in Dosslo’s fortunes, for now sho no longor sjvod moxt in enccowslon to the Taitfax horltago. Dut Bessio boro tho mutattons of lifo witl wonderful oquanim- ity, 8ho swas not elntod whon unoxpactod rank and wonlth camo to hor, nuor was sho disturbod when their importatco was unoexpoctodly di- minished, Tho roador naturally feols no omo- tion while tho horotue takes maftors o onaily, a1nd thorofora Lie saos hor roturn' to tha homo of hor childhiood, with a ¢omfottable compotonas i hor podkot, and marry a olevor youth, whom aho Las all along lovod loyally and sorenoly, without a tenco of agitation, ‘The novel may bho proseribed for dog-d ¢ weather. Its slow, and calin, aud commonpladn dotail may amune the dobilitatod mind, and witl cottainly not atir it to any disagraoable aotivity, Ttobert G, Xngorsoll’s Loctures, TITE GODY; AND Oriten Lrorures, Dy Rouent @, INGENSOLL, Bvo,, pp, 453, Peorla, TI), Tn additton to tho locture whioh givos this vol- umo its titlo, thore aro four, ranged in the fol- lowlng order: Iumbolde; Thomas Pawne; In. dividnality; and Horotica and Horesies, Wo cannot give & good idea of thene leotures, which ara romarkably uniform in stylo and modvo, in any way 8o woll a8 by letting them spoak for themsolves in o fow ropresontative ‘passages, Wo merely promise that Mr, Ingorsoll s an aposilo of Rattonaliem, and that Lo hns usod the opportunity afforded by thesa lectiires to do- fine and dofond his creed with tho energy, cour- 8ga, and ardor of his nature, y From tho lecture upon the Gods, wo extract the followlng: And wo ara called npon to worship auch a goil [the God of the Dible—Ep.] ; to ok o oue knocwund tell him that be 18 good, that hiots' moreiful, Ahat he s Juat, that hois lovo. Woaro asked to stile every noblo. poutiment of tho woul, and o {rample. wadee £oot oll the awout charities of the heart, Bocauiks wo ro- £uso to stultify olirselver,—refusa to hecome Murs,—wa aro denounced, hated, traduced, and oatraclued lero § and this sure god thirbatens to tormont s in olornul fire the uomont donth allows Liin to fleroaly eluteh our nnked, helples mouls. Lot tho god hute, let the god threaten,—wa will edudate thom, and we will do- apiso aud defy him, All that 18 neceannry, na it seoms ta me, to convince any reavoriable person that the Bible i’ simply nnd urely of human invention—of barbarian Mvoniion— TN To Fend e Ttead 1t you would any nther book; {hink of 1t 83 you woutd of auy other; got the bani: 8ga of Toverbia from your oyoa; drive from your Tieart the phantom of fears push-from the throno of your bralu the cowled form of auperatition—then Tead tho hioly bible, and you will be smnazed that you over, for ono moment, aupposed a holug of infinite wisdom, goodnoss, and purlis, {o s the author of mich 1gnorancy aud of such atrocity, In tho eulogy upon Thomns Paine, Mr. Ingor- soll thus addrosses the Obristian Chureh : You have imprisoned fhe human mind; you have Leen tho encmy of liberty; you have burned us at the stuke,—roanted ua upon wlow fires,—torn our flehls witli 'fron; you havo covored ug with chaimse treafed us “ns outeastus yon have filed (e world with fear; you huve iaken our: wives and chikiren from aur arms; you hava confiscated our property ; you hove denied ua the right to tostify in eourts of fiistico: you Linve Lrauded un with fnfimy ; 301 hitve forn out oiir tonguos ; you hive refused s burial, In the name of your religton you have robbed ik of overy right ; and, after having liflicted wpon us overy evil that can ba fuflicted in this world, you luve fallen upon yonr knacs, suml, with clspod buids, Ime plored your God to tormeut ua forever, Oan you wonder that wo hate your doctrines ; that wa dosgilve your cra that we feol prond (o knnw that wn aro boyond your powor; that we are freo {n Bpilo f yon ; that wo enn express onr lonest thowght 3 ad that the whole world {s grandly ristug into tho Dlcsagdl light ¢ Infidelity Is liberty ; all feligion fe slavory, Tn avery oreed mad s the alavo of Goi, wonn i {ho slave of mon, and the aweet elulilren urg tho shves of all, Tho voluma ix dedicatod to * Eva A, Ingersoll, & womsn without suporstition;” mud, for n proface, Lias two wood-cuts, ono abovethe other. ‘I'he upper ona reprosents the martyrdom of men aud women by firo and on the cross, and ta inserlbed, * Tor the Love of Gud.,” Tha lower ona gives & vigw of the talezraph, and hoars the inseription, ** For the Use of Man.” The oross of martyrdony, and the teloxraph-pols with its mgsfl-nrm, oromado tounterparts, ons of tha othor. hiolra to Liis house, 8 4 Fooil and Dietotic A TREATISE ON FOOD AND DI IOLOGIUALLY AND THER BIDERED, Dy I\ W. Pavy, M, of the Royal Cutlego of Phyalctins Lovturer on Phyiology at Quy 1o Pp. 674 Dhitadolphin:” Henry O, Lea, This learned and oxteusivo treatiso fills.a gap in tho library of Scionce, a8 no systematic work upon the subjeot hins horetofore existed in tho Luglish languago, It doals with the tople in its overy phuso, and supplios a vast amount’ of Information useful both to the spscialist and tho ordinary roader, The dynam- io rolations of food, the origination of food. its constituent elemants, its alimentacy rinciplos, alimentary subatances, the proseryi- ton o} food, prineiples of diotetics, practical dietotics, and therapoutic dieteticy, aro the yarious divinions under which tho aubjoat folls, With this broad and generons method of troat- ment thero is seemingly nothing omittad of the history, the composition, aud the values, of tho difforont articlos of sustenance whiok ave in uso in difforont countries and by different pooples, e THE BREATH OF GOD, Tt cometh from the st 3 the wintry plain. Boftens beneath the tender touch of ruin, It cometh from the Went ; and hoary vines Donr out of roundoed cups tho richest wines, It cometls from the Norih ; and finest luce 14 woveu to cover shrivoled Nature's faco, It cometh from (he Sonth ; and all the sod, Blussoming, suith : 1t 1s'{ho reath of God,” ~—=ury B, Do 0 the Christian Union, —_——— Shameful Riot at o Church, A disgracoful moens at Eho Muddy Creek Chureb, 1 milo from Adnmatown, Lancaster County, Pa., on Bunday, in which nearty a liwndyod membora of tiie Lutheran and Roform- ed congropulions took part, is thus described by the Iteading Eagle of Mondny: ** A proacher was budily earried off the gronnds, tho palings of tho fenco wore torn off und usod as wenpone, futs wore frecly uaed, and & general riot pre- yailed, ‘during which' a numbcr of mon wore foarfully bealen, Au oyo-wituess from this city, who roturnad to Rea 'fi Inst evoniug, {lvon the pastioulars asfollows ; 'The Muddy Oréelk Clinrely lmu always bean recoguized ss a Union ohureh, and usod by the Lutnoran aud Reformed congre- atlons, Thoy met thero alternately. Somo ime 8#go & majority of tho Lutheran douominaticn from gomo cause or othor s flt to agitalo the question of ql. taining o charlor, Others opposed it on the gronnd that they had no right to huve it Incorpo- rated a8 o Lutheran churoh, when it was not Ho, but was & Unfon ehurch, A’ nmfurlty, however, decided to got a charter, which tho did, and thero Immadiutely arose n discord and disugroa- wont, the minority mnanf the Tuthoruns Lolng alded and abotted by the Hoformed congrogution, who, it {8 aid, bad not boen made aware of the proceodings until it was too late, Youtorday wag tho firat Bunduy under the now elisrtor, and it was proposad to kold Lutheran sorviees, Tho anti-charter party, togothor with the Ttoformed, mustored all thoir forces In front of tho churet, atan early hour, and dotormined that no mnoh sorvisas should bo held, Tho chartar party ar- rived, but did not entor tho church, Mattors ap- l.uurml vory forobuding, but whon the Roy, Ar. Honry, the Lutheran pastor, nerived, it wus thought tho sorvices would bo allowed (o proceod, Tho roverond gontleman, fn the numo of the Lord, asked that no disturoanca should {nke placo, und ho walked toward the chureh duar, Rooing thin, the orowd of anti-chartorifos oloned in on tho pieacher, and eurricd him Ludily outside of the gates, Then a Mr, Lanny- packer endeavored to_entor the chnreh, aod fe In turn was vory raughly handlod, Thiv oxoited tho cliartor party, who rusted to the foncen, tore aff prlings, and then commenced a0 on- uluu‘;ht. ‘The fight continued for nome time, until two constablow urtived and quetled tho yiot. Atono time the molco i doseribed (o have heon {erriblo, many men: having baen snvagely and roughly wsed and boaton, Tho uftale caused, pront” exeltemont fu the ontiro ucigliborhood, 'he ohwrior pacty wio” ayanlly dotormined that wo rervicen slll be Lojd by the Reformed and anil-cunrtor pavty,” SPARKS OF SCIENCE, At the last fenl Soolaty, at 3MI0RORCOPIO. mooting of the London Miarosasp- tontlon was oalled to & alide which oxhibitad tho romarkablo techuical skill of Horr Miller in dintom-mounting, The stlde had nlmlnnm}»hod and potfoot mnnnor, on {t, in an dxtremoly bonutirul oighty spaoos, each apace contalning n diatom; and ita uaiue written under FONRION WHEDS, 2 No 168 than 814 spdcion of plants which somo tindor the popular deslgnatlon of M weods " hinve baon Introduced fnto the United States from foroign countrios, Ohlcliwaed, most. canary-birds, country, which s & native parta of Taropo and Asin, was_ firat introduced into Sontl 8 arolins e food for and soon sproad all over tho TUNNEL UNDEN TITE MERREY. At longth thoro sootns a probability that the long projected tuniel under tho bod of tho Mor- B0y, will tho Livorpool John Fowlor, L., hovo planuad tho works, from throa to completion of betwaen Liverpou! and the Chealiro const, bo constructed, The sinking of tho shaftbn sido fa Boon to bo bogun, My, 0. 15, and Mr. John Brunlees, O, It is expeotod thnt four yearn will bo tequired for the tho undortaking, THE TRANBIT OF VENUS, Tho preparations for obsetving tho Transit of Vouus noxt Docombor, much time at Aro mow comploted, destined to stitdy the which have, occupled the Lnglish Royal Obseryatory, hud most of the phrtiea Phonomenon in foreign fletds have nlready ot “out, and tho remainder will &oon follow., The observors have undergono & proparatory undor Capt, Al trainiug in photography, ohlelly buay, R, E., whuso now dry-plato Drocoss 8 to bo adopted at afl the Dritish Blas tious, Thay practico witl Btances of the have also bed tho ddvantage of # modol ropresenting tho cireum- Transit, and theieby Dboon in- strueted in tho oxnot miothod of obsorvation to 0 pursued wmoment arrlves, hon tho eritioal and irrocuvorpble NBW OLARSIFICATION OF PLANTS, Inthe last nimber of the Bwiss Archives des Beiences, M. Alpnonse do Candolle BugRosts o uow clussilication of plants, having espoolal rof- orence to thoir distribution, Basing his system on the rolations of planta to the physleal condi- tlons of hieat graat groups, and moiaturo, ho recognizes fivo Ono of thews ia ossentinlly oqun- torial, whilst tho othors are ropented in the two bowisphores, moguthermes, plants whicly much moistu; xarophyles to mesothermey Bnrmumu 3 B nt a low dogroo of Lieat,- Do Ceudollo gives the namo or hydromogathermes, to thoso roquire & ligh tomporsture aud fo for their dua dovelopment ; thoso whioh préfer dry situationa [ to plants living in modorate tem- i micrathormes to thosu roquiring Thero 18 still »_sisth cluag, of small importance, confined to Aratie untl Antarctio uaten as heldatothiermes, sl pmount mount. In some po: regions, . which De Gandolia desig- in alluston to the vary of Lieat neoded for thoir dovelop- NOVEL DREADHTUFTS, rdons of Norway and ‘Bweden, whorae vegetation 18 seanty, and luman faro is llmited to fow aud ooarse articles of diet, Baw- dust is sometimos used in the manufacture of brend. TFor this purposo, besob, or somo wood that 18 freo from turpontine, is rapoatodly macerated and boiled in wator to romovae solublo matters, and then is reduced to powdor, heated sovoral timos inanovon, and ground. In this slato it in auid to avo tho smoll and tasto of corn dour, famine in somo white ‘'ho turnips, and oqual quantit siego of Puris, onanalysig, wheat In 1629, 1030, moistitre ond 1603, —~yonra of England,—very goox wholo~ broad wus made of turnips. waa oxprossed from the thoy wero then kneaded with {08 of whoaton flour. Iu the inta the brond served out was found, to bo composed of one-eighth four cighths potataes, beaus, pens, onts, and rye; two-cighths water; and ono-eighth straw, hulls of guain, asel tho sking of vegetablo produots, ind of broad the bark of the piue. Hivorln, grate sometimes of mieal and milk, Tho Luply. leré and Tins make n urated inuer leavos of The Jakuts, of Northern bark of ttro larch, and mix it with fish, a'littlo , oxy by prolerenco, with fat, aud of the u tho inner. the fir, aud mako it into & sort of broth, The Nation INSTINCT OF DEES. : publishes, by consent, n lotter from Fritg Muellor to Mr. Darwin, rolating an intevesting absorvation of baos, It 8ays ¢ Onoe I assisted at a curlous contest which took place botween tho quoen and the worker-becs in ona of m; hilves, y and which threw some hight on the Intellectusl faculfion of theseaulmals. A-act of foriy-soven sl lind bo en flled,—eight thirty-five on tho foliowing, on 8 nearly-compileted comb, and four around the first cell of a uew comb. When the quoon bind latd egs in all tho cells of 1! Lo older combs, sl wont several times round their eircumferonco (ss aba stwaya does in ordor to aAcertain whother she has not fory and thien prapured o rotroat into the breeding-toom, four coll an odd manne! other workers queen begon ogy ls_of the new pationtly from this part otten any cell), lower purt of tho Bub, as she Mad overiooked {ho comb, tho workors ran fm. of thie quoen, pusling Ler, in r, with their hoads, se they did also They met with, Yu' ounsequonce the in to go uround on the two older combs ¢ but an who did not find uny cell wanting an e, sho tried p‘fl'filmd back by ruthor long whi baving couipleted'bor work, todeacend ; but everywhere atie \was tho workera, Thle contest lastod for a Ie, till at lost tho queen oscaped without Thus the workers knew bow to advise the queen thiat something wna a8 yet to bo done, but they knew not how o ahiow her where it had to be done, ba two politieal about the construction of the combs—one what the othor quire o very lo thio dotulls of th The Sarcod In the same hive thore uppeared to partfea among the workers, dissenting destroying but i6 wonld ro- ug aud tedlous oxposition to givo you 0 Case, RARE PLANTS, c8 sauguinen—a member of the Liad begin to Lngid 3 nataral ordor Orobanchaoae—{s ona of the most intorosting plants of the Sierrn region, It is a parasite, Iastening itself upon the roots of other plants, p particularly upon variousspacios of the pino family, and drawing from them lt6 susto- nanco. Early in May it sends up o spiko of crimgon flowers, which glow in charming con- trast to the di ntk groen of tho piues and tho shimmer of tho snow through which ft piorces, 1t 18 an inhinbitant of the higher Sjerras, boing raroly found below an altitudo of 4,000 feot. Its root is thick and succulont, and by tha deer, who pull the floshy growth underground, is mnch enjoyed up tho plant to foed wpon As tho plant is 8 parasito, it {8 nnapablo of oultivation. The Swiss Times announcen s locality whero tho real Alpine rosa noum), with a leaves, havitat of thy nnd was discovered nbout throo yoars 5o, Lurigh of Schuolsingor Lay ta] eapeein] protaction the place, healthy plants ‘The Alpine roso is not a real roso, bt iy growing, the Bobnelsingen Forest, noar Ho Cnoton of Aargan, (Rhiododendron “forrugi- rusgotlina on tho undersido of the Itisina llitla presorva in ineisingon, be the ouly the Jurs, The on it under its putting a fonco aronnd It is supposod to 0 plant at prosont in and np)mg\tml a guardian to watch that no {njury bofull tho stook, About fifty inclosuro, one of the 4 are growing in the rhododondrong,—famous for thelr aplondid bloa- soms,—and helongs to tho order Rricncow, L EFFLOTS OF EANLY KISING. Dr, Hall, the oditor of the Journal of Health, whoee sound common aenso, enlightoned by ox- perience and doclaima again In a vory earn tonds to shorten lifo; observation, ia not to bo gainsaid, st tho ill offects of oarly rising, out fashion, Ho doolares that it bat many a farmer boy ins been convorted futo ‘an fncurable {nvalid by the practica; that many o girl hos been stinted in mind and body by compslled to rise beforo tho u{ut«um L growiy 8 had full rest, “All who aro ug," hasays, ¥ all who work hard, and all Wonkly person, s if thoy wounld should not gat up until they feol be more comfortable to got up thau to roninin In bed; that is the only true mensuro of o one who goty fwould give to romain does will alwaya un Yiolance suflicienoy of rest aud sleop. Any up in the mormng feoling as if ho e enytlang in the world’ in bed a while to his own naturo, Mer from it,—not immediatoly, it may be, but certainly in Inttor yeurs, by the ou- mnlative ill offocts of the most unwiso practico, In any given cas, the person morniag beforo he ix that much of putsulty,” who gots up in the fully rodted- will Inok just tho enargy requisite for tho day's Dr. 1lall assorts that, asn people, wo do not et onongh kloop and. ramt; lionce onr nervouy. nows, {untability, irnitablilty, and feoble vitality. o anoribes the promature doaths of working Women, aloop in Bood deal of ¢, "uy one who oee must mf TIE PRY enpooi proportion to thoir Iabor, ally of farmera' wives, to & lnok of Thors in o ruth in the Doctor's statoments, au utisen to quostion bis own expori- knowledga, DELPUIA ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN. Tho Zoologioal Garden fu Fsirmount Park, Dhiludolphia, 1t ocoupies ony found in the p Natura to the Wwae opened to the publie July 1, © of the most cirming sites 1o be park, which, partially sdaptod by burpose, noodod but a fow attiatio touchios to be transformad iuto & lovely land- “capo of minjature forests, hills, ravines, aud Water-oour The colleation of nulfnu isals \ 1 rondy oxtonnlvo, and will bo rapidly enlarged ; whlld tha provislons for tholt acootmmndation tomblho to o ramarkablo degron bonuey with comfort and utillty, ornnto huildmg, chlof points of att, ouplad by about, {1 iToraht thém bre s emall A papa and thamma monko; to afrect tho nonethltivios o touching devotlon cane with dotlng human a falt wiy of baing spoilad apdcios ~ of The nonkoy-liousa—an costing &0,500—id one of tho taotlon, It In alpresont oc- fly (ndivlduals, roprosenting tho tribe. Among tabonn and o apidor-monkoy. aro sald partioularly npootators, by their to baby-monksy. As in tho {mrums, {ho oluld is in Anothor neculiarly-intoresting placa fa the Jraino-dog villags, oao ouriuna 1ittl which 18 well populatod by 0 creaturos, Thoy havo con- attuotod n numbor of undergtound rosldonces, oswmniutléating togother, ane oeoupy themasivos —much to the amusoment of tho lookors-one with visiting thoir out of theit hondoes nolghbors, and poprang {n nnd % The avisry 1a a handsomo atrncture, bullt +of various-colored bijokn and ornsmeniod with atalned-glass windows, 1t cont £6,000, An aviaty {nlonded oxpressly for englon, bawks, ole,, fa budle In the form of & heo-hive, and 1820 font Ligh, 20 foot long, end 10 feot broad. Tt In dividod into thres the central one of and tho othotn for The bear-pita #olid magonry, to 14 feot high, 10 i tho contro ntid proponsities tub, In whioh ho boars re now In Beattered about olosutos coninfuing apaoimens of the ard, ocelot, wild cat, foxsbnt, prairie-wolf, phonsant, curassow, Qardans In evor liborality of Philadolphin, and oflialonoy of Hocloty, who liave tion under their command, compartmontn,-— which {8 reservad for oaglos, owla and hawka, 4 aro magnificant inelomres of 80 foot long, 90 Taot wido, and 12 Each of tho threo pits has a for tha oxotolno of the rero- of tuins and a largo bathe may floundar at will, Bavon possesslon of tho promisen, the grounds arn eagos and in< ynx, leops agouti, porcapine, sloth, silver phoasant, 'golden ond othor animals.” Tho why do crodit to the judiolous and to the entorprise the offlcera of tha Zoologionl had tho work of its consiruc- EXCEPTIONAL FOODS, Dr, Pavy, in his work on “TFood snd Die- totics,” dovotan a clinpter to tho enumoration of the excoptional ani prrta of the globe. imnl foods osten in difforent ‘We learn from it that almost overy creatyro 'living, howaver noxfons, s, in #omo country or o thor, ostoomod & daluty or a useful article of diet. Spiders nre caten by the Bushmen and inhabitants of New Cnlodonia, Grasshoppora are UteIndlang, Whi the natives of tho banks of the various pooples, oonslder the liongycomb _flled dolicaay. favor “with bees & great moths aro in one spaoien, onll, unetuous bodies, other article of by tho anclont. Romans, with the Sonth Af dovoured by the the sllkworm is fo Loousts aro oaf freah and saltod, Arablann, and others, Thoey. —the flavor varyl the faad. bls whon ronsted. dolphus rafor to & Australia caten by the Bashmon and tho ite auts are highly relished by and the tribes along Zongn, Baes aro eatan by The Moors of Wast DBarbaty with young Boveral varietios of tho Australinng 3 od bugong, having large an is proforred by them to any food. Caterpillara ware eaton and are still in favor ricans, Grubs of all kinds wro Anstratfans, The chrysalis of od tor tha Chineso, . ton 1n grent quantities, hoth, Uy tho Teinians, Egyptiann, Bustiman, North American Indians, havo a strong vogstablo taate, ng_ with the plants on whiol Dr. Livingstono thought them paiate . - Diodorus Sientus and Lu. raco of peoplo n Ethiopia who subuisted on locusts, Indolphus romarks; ** For it is a vory Bweot nud means of which a wholesome Rort of dyet, by corlain Portuguez garrison in Indlia,that wan veady to yield for wantof provision, beld out until it Maddon states, and grind them to with water, forming thom which sorve for bioud." alugs in China, have in his Travela: malko & fort of bread of loonats, was rolieved anothier way, ** Tho Arabs Thoy dry them then mix thin powder into ronund cakos, Suails {n.Europs, and & reputation ay delicate nowder, ariicles of nutrimont, Lizards, snaken, birde’-nosta, era enten by the are eaton by the Chinose, frogs, dogw, cats, mico, and foudy Bouth “Africans, and a larga frog, called mattn-motto, which, when oonkad, looks like a chi soueht aftor as fo and aea-cucumbers cken. Ben-urchinw are much odin different parts of Europs, arg eaton by the inhinbitants of China and the South-Sea Talands, A tribe of Otton Alst prineipally, during tho ramy season, macs, on the Nio Nogro, sub- upon a Iat, unctuous oly found in their disteist. - Tho Japauose also eat this cluy, made into thin ankes, called tananmpo, Ehrouborg fonnd that the clay couxisted chiofly of the remains of froabi-wator nuimals and planta of microscopio size, atill targoly oaton similar subatance, A kind of earth known a8 broad-moal i Narthorn Europe ; aud a called mountain-meal, lns in boon used in Northorn Germany. in times of famino. Various Hatorvala batwoon which { taken from tribes of Aftica eat olay in tho their meals, proferring that ant-hills. The inhabitauts of varioua conutrios aro addictod o tho wse of clay,—tho natives of Australia Doing uotoriously —_— THE UNKNOWN DEITY, 80, ‘There atood an altar In a lonely ‘wooll, Aud over was & vell-ed deity © Aud no ran dared to suive tho velling hood, Nor any knew Topmany pamne to And all what god they thon should'scs gaze upqn the thing, who pased qid sacrifica and prayer, Test, tho unknown not rightly honorluy, Bome great god they ehould sugor unaware, And each one thou " \\I'nnm mi }!ellr:c( il prayed for thut Gifla h Lt thin hidden god was ho in his moat recret heart, ha louged for most ta b, ore was uo fized godhead to impart, Nor prayed fn vain, for prayers eoarce Lrealhed (n ar Wera stralght fulfllled, and overy cartlly blies Buawered down on mien And left all anciont god But Jove, in angor il balf tho world Liad heard, tq woralfp thls, t Lo rites nupatd, "Torw off the vell with ono flerco tompest-breath : Lol thut to which all man thelr vows had mude, Bhuddering thoy And all forgot the bl And alt foy "Tis now a sl oloss saw was tholr foll fosmun, Death, losings thoy had had, 'k 1hie Kiudly carvon stonc, block; thie Zophyry sd— None elve—thieir nightly hrayors wround {4 monn, =¥, W. Lourdilion in the 1, ndon Spectator, A Way to Make the Red Man Bappy. A man nomed G: othor day, e would like to ca) tion of hig. Grubl impressed with tho comiug wo genoral, rubb camo fnto my oflice tho and after introdueing himeolf, ho snid’ 1l my atteution toa hittio iuven- | id b said that he had Jong been tuct, that, om baldnes 'is bo- tha timo must come when an Apacho Indian, for iustanco, would bo unable to realp three ont of happonad to kill, bebislf of the red philanthropie turn, Any ive whito men whom ho unloss gomothing wore dono in man, Naturally, bewg of o Orubb examined the rubjoct to 8oo if Le conld dovises any kind of & machino which would placa upon & footing of to obtnin his rights, bald mon and men with bair equuhity, and euablo tha Indun Alter years of patient in- vortigation and thonght, Grubb succeeded, and he had dropped in Interior Dopartment esuld Lo the patont and rea cailed hiys invention to obtuin my intluence so the induced to accopt ommend it to the 1 ny, I “Tho Patent Adjustable At- mosplerie Scalp-Snatehor,” and ho offerod excli~ siva territory for agents, ‘The davice couststs of # dwo of thin leuthor about six inchesin dimeler, Intho centro fu & holu throush whioh 1tuy [ string, When the & bald hoad, it carofull ho morely wots tho leatliar, down upon tho surtace of the Indian ownar kills a man with stamps Aealp, shden ki knifo around over tha cars, gives tho wering a jerk, and OIF comes the sculp na nicoly &e 1f it hnd beeu adorned \\_"hl.\ Law & yard lony, T machine, in fu “in simply a *suokor® boys.” ** Pravivoly,” ho roplied; # I moroliv patent for the mode of application, ko the rod mau I suld to_Grubb, such 08 18 used by (he claim & want to Luppy. L wiah to bring Joy to the wigwam of the Kickapoo, aud to muko the Leart of the Atramhoe glud,* ““Dil it vever scem tho bald headed white noeds succor Thon Grubb about it he would Loforo he lefc I atcoptod this valuable fuvention. 1 oxumine it can apply to me, and if any sirox to tost ity ol & bald headed co fraa of chargo whon porsona furvish thaiy to you, Mr, Crubp, tuat maniu such 8 wituntion Just a4 bodly we tho Indiun does ? said that if I wus going to joke go bomo. Butlie stayed “and a_gouersl agenoy for Porsons wishing to ono de- cavy he can do so by bringtug rpso with him. Jxperiments own cadavors—Maz Adeler —_— Burn The Borllu Asnoy Ang the Dead, ciution for Burning the Dead bas been inturmed that the uppnratus constructe ad by Prof, tontad, and tha ory but in hundradwelght of hour and » hulf st lingy), to whit ashea, and the #mell nor nniso [ pounds of hotse carcass, of the hot air, lofc Duky au anlios, _‘Tha pelvin reducod to little bl lllncnu with the fiuger, Reelam and-Togueor Biomens was rosult gainod was not ouly avery rospeol brilllant, I'wo hovsi carcass was burat in an tho cost of & thaler (8 shile e was neither At Dresdon 203 atter two hours' uction alsteon pounds of winte the hardost joints wers t that could be prossed into A destructiou of tho the procoss. jonits hay thorefore basn accomplishod without the uwe of chemical mraus, which the nowspa- Pors sonio tima ago spoko of an impassible, The imo roguired for body would be an could {n many inst the dostruction 'of » human hour and & . quartor, which an008 be atiorioned still moro, [ or. Hor celobrity FAMILIAR TAYK. TIE IDEAL FOOT, A wrlter who professos to bo au ftaft upon the dubjoot of humen bonuly doclaros (lialy pair of protty foet finishlug n woman's frame e tho taroat things ln the world to moot, As nriblg, owing to fil-formod shioos and unskillful nhlmfi] odists, tha fomale foot Incks, in somo partloular, that porfoat harmony of proporifon which s onsontial to boauty, Tho aizo of tho foot docs not enter iuto the quostion, It doos not mattar whotlior it be large or small, but it must be in fust proportion with the othor purts of the body. A largo wwoman should have o Iatgo foot and n Intge.hand, otherwlso abo Ia not woll-made, In fine, the itloal ‘faot. comprisns A high instep; » round, plump form; toes alightly moprated,— the first boing Inrzer and rounder than fho othors ; tos-nafls bright, pollshed, and of n rosy tint ; and an {vory shin, with tho voins showing through, TIHE WIVES OF GUIZOT AND DISRARLY, In the history of the marriagos of Guizot and Diaraoli, thore aro sevoral notabla cofucidencas, It will bo romembored that Disradifs wifo wag {lftoen yeara his senior, and that sho was ouchanted with tho author of * Vivian Groy " boforo shio saw thoman, Ko with tho wifo of Quizot, Bho was Pauling do Moulan, & Indy of rank, & brillinnt writer, and the editor of a mag- azino onlled tho Publicist. Maving fallen {ll, tho igine of her poriodion! was unoxpootedly sus- talned with regularity h{‘ contributlons from an anonymous writor, which showed rins -scholnz- ship * and a singularly-polishied stylo. Whaen Mo, Moulan wak ablato resume hor editorlal utice, she desirod tho pleasure of meating and thanking hor unknown wssistant ; whereon M. Guizot prosented himsolf, Tho acquaintanco thus begun resultod in the marriago of tha two, Notwithetanding tho disparity botweon ~ thoir ages, Madam Guizot was, tothelnst,horhushand's ehoson companton, friend, adviser, and comfort- was groator than his at thelr marringo, and kobt pace with hia through lfo, Bho s tha ornamont of the litorary salons of Paris duting the roigns of Louls XVITL and Chailes X. " tho contidanto of men like Chatonu- briaud, and women like Madama Racomlor, A TOLYGAMOUS MARRIAGE. The Salt Lake Tvibune publishes tho partie- nlars of & recont polygamois martlsgo celo- brated, aw all puch marriages are, at tho Endow- ment-Iloues, The marringe was tho reault of & rogular Lraneaction of barter and salo botwoen ono of the contraoting parties and the father of tha othor, It scoms that two Mormon fathers, both naged &0, are near nelghbors fn a oer tain portion of the elty. Ono, having cast his lechorous eyes upon the protty, 16-year-old daughtor of tho other, sought pormission to transfor har to his nlreml{-pomlloua hnrem, Tho girl has grown up with an abharronce of tho “practios of volyaamy.—having seon, n her own mother's onke, the torture which it Inflicts upon all womankind, But her willingnesa or unwillingness to be sonled to n man l‘fi"eulv enjoying & plurality of wivos bos ing & question of no ooncern whatever, hor father and wonld-ha o:ner, procoeded with thoe sottlement of tho torms unon which shs was to be pusred from the control of the onata the ozhor, It was finally agrosd, aftec considerablo dicker, ~the father holding off awhila on tha proterss that one of tho 'I'welva Anostles hankered after his funocant child,—that the gil shoukl ba sold to tho noary sdulterer for apair of work-mules. Tho bargain wan consummated a fow davs a0, by tho sacrifica at tho altar of & maiden's hone and hanpiness for this life, . Simnltaneons with tho publication of thin infamous nafair, comes tha Dewaby tolouraph of the landing in Now York of 700 now convortn o Mormonism, including mon, toomen, and helpless children, TIE HIGUER EDUCATION OF WOMEX, - Matthew Arnold, in hia ablo and oxhanativo work npon the higher public rchools in Germany and England, dons not anywhero alludo, in his #chemes for the improved education of boys, to the existence of woman, or tho posaiblo noed of ber baving better opportunities for culture,—or suy opportunities at all, for that mattor, Bhe ia utterly ignorod throughout the work, It muat fool & littlo cntlous to the progioasive daughtors of England to sce themaelves so completely loft out in the cold, whilo great rhus are fn agltn. tion, by ono of her most distinguished men and writers, for the mora thorough and many-sided education of their brothors, Yot they are not altogether forgotton, Tt I8 moro aid more borne in upon the British magculing mind hat it may bo well to divido a fow of the intollectual advautagos man enjoya with his woaker half. There have airondy boen catablished n conplo of colloges— ouo at Cambridgo, named Merton Hall, and ona 2 miles ont, &t Girton—for the reception of Indies who desiro to nttend the Cambridge loo- tured, to which they have latolv boon admittod, Merton Hall is now nmible to accommodato more than half the students seeking a residenco there. The lndios 2t Girton imitate as closely a8 possiblo the currioutum of Cambridge undor- gruduates who are rending for lioners. A road- ing-room at Cambridge, for residants, and n lending library for those ot & distanco, aro in the list of usoful organizations establlshed for the bonofit of women. The Univorsity doas not commit itsolf to any of these niotemoiits, but it Lins undertaken for several yours to oxamins girls ou the enme footing 3 bova in the local oxamination, and Iatterly to oxamine men on the kame foating a8 wonan,—thereby riving its sanction to tho giglleal‘. education of women, TUNLIC LIDRARIES. From o papor ou Public Litrairies read by Mr, W. W. Greeuough, at the aunusl meeting of the American Soolul Scisuca Asgociation, in May, at *New York, we wlonn tha following statiatios : It ia only about thirty yoarssince freo publie con- sulting and tending.librozics began to be consid- ered as auxilinries to an educationsl syatom. They weta first ostablished at Manchester, Livor- pool, Dirmingbam, Shoflield, Leeds, and other Inigzo towna in England. Somowhat Inter, and with differoucos in prineciples, the Nbraries in Auworica, uuch as the Boston Pyblio Libiary, tho Astor, the Poabody Iustitute at Baltimoro, oto., were incorporated with tho same fundunjontal oa. ‘Tho muitiplication of printed books has caused A grent increaso in the number and extunt of public livrarios, oapecially in the lust twenty-five voard, 'The following table shows tho growth, ouwach the years 1819 und 1874, of ten of tho moat important libraties in Europo. The osti~ mate, in sowe instances, merely o pproximates tho total number of volumos. Tho yvolumos numbered, in tho— ) % 1949, 24,01 1874, Natlonal Libraty of Parls, .. “Teitah sz, o 164,704 I 148000 13,080,230 Aggregutes,........ In 184, the sovon ymblic libravien of Pariy con- tained Ld74,000 volnmes, while the combined publie libravios of the Unitod Btates comprisad 7,520,000 ouly 180,000, Onr Governmaut returns for 1873 Fl , Iu Stato, Terricorinl, town, city, court and uw-2ohiool, and college tibraties, 19,456,616 vai- umes; in other lbiuries, 26,073,420 volumos, According to Lidwards, in’ 1819 the wumber of Voolts avopssiblo to avery 100 souls in Buxony was 417; Denmark, 412; Prussla, 200; France, 130 Groat Britain, 63, ' At thoe prosont time, we Lve in our country abont 50 yolumes por 100 #ouls. In Maswaohusotts tho avorago i3 198: in New York, 80; in Ponusylvanis, 80; in Oliio, 603 in Illinoiy, 0. FEATS OF GLUTTONY, Trovous glves nmazing accounts of the quanti- ties of fuod habitually consumod by the uatives of Aretlo regions, Bir John Rtoss states that an Baquimaux “yerhaps eats 20 pounds of flosh aud oil dally.” Sir W, Parry, aa s matter of ca- riosity, one day testod the pastrouomic powors .of an Esquimaux Ind, The food was weighed which was put bafore bim ; snd, without effort, the youth disposcd of 834 pounda of flesh, and 13{ pounds of bread and brond-dust, in twenty Lours, Bir Goorge Kimpson says, In his * Nare rativo of & yourney Round the World;" *[n ona bughly-important paiticular the Yakull (of Biboriu) mn{ safoly chullengo all the rest of the workl © They are (he Lost oators on the fnco of tha earth,” In order to satisfy lumsolf of the truth of the slories b had hoard, ho preparod dinner for a couple of men who onjoyed an uncounuon repute for their eating.capacisy, Au allowance of 86 pounds of beof ‘aud 18 pounds of buttor was mude for cach of them. Tu 1ho courso of threa hours thoy had consumod the whole nount, aud their stomucha were dwtended * juto a brave of ket tledrun Alcor sush sufaits; herumarks, the Rluttons remalu threw or (our duys in u state of stupor, and aro moanwhile rollod about at {ntor- uinhm Erfnlntn‘digun!%ilfi). ) e Hottentots nud Bosjesmans of Bouthorn Afriow wo equally distinguishod for thois oagy mnug appotltos, row in hi; ' The nollonlol:fi’ #nya Bare his Travéls, o ‘'aro roatost gluttona upon tho faco 0! tho onrth, Ton “of "our IHottentots st & middling-sizod ox, all but the two hind logs, in throo degw.” Of 'the Dosjosmans ho rolatest +* Lo threo who accompaniod s to our wagona hind & sheop givon to thom abowt § in tho evous ing, whicl was antirely consumed by thom bo- foro noau tho following day, Thoy continued, wovor, to oat all night, without slaop and in~ tetmisgion, Ll lhu{ had finishod thoe whole aui- mal, Aitear this thoir' lank bollios wore dige totided to stiolig dogieo that they looked loss lke human eroatui¥ag than bofore." BOIENOD NG ATINQATIO. Mr. Robort G. Ingormoll, In Ly jgztnen Jipon *'Tho Gpds," msserts that Bclonco hay demone strated that force doos not exiat Boparate from matter, and that it is, by ite discovorios, rapidly amancipatiug the world from thnt bondngo of **ignorauce and Inauity s o falth In God, in the soul, and in Immortality. Dr. Honry Mandsloy, ono of tho most oxnct and expert aclouilsts of England, whoso opinlon upon quostions oon~ nected with the physlology of the body, and es- pecially of the brain, 18, bocause of his oxtensive loarning and his judicin! candor, acceptod og high authority, makos the following explioit Btacomonts inn paper on * Tho Limits of Phi- losophical Taquiry " e It 1n not » Hitle hard tpon thass who now dovote thamrelven to tho patiant futorrogatlon of Naturo by means of obsorvation aud oxpariment, that thoy #hiould ba counted, whother they will or nos mintatera Of tho wo-called Tositivo Pillowophy, and dfaciples of i‘m orhio 18 populurly onsiderod tho foundor of tunt phitosopliy, ., —Considering how muock miahiof has. ofton boon dono by {dentityiug tio charastar of an epock of thought with ths doctrines of some eminant man who Lins lived, and laborod, and tuken the lod in- {t—3nd thus muklng Lis defects and errars, hardenod Into fore jaulas, chains to futter the frco conrss of {houyhtoit In 10 wwonder that acloutifio mon suould bo anxlous to dinslalm Qowto as tholr law-glver, aud to protoss aalust such o g Lolug sob up to rélgn over bhom, In answor to tho declaration (hnt positive gc}unun"lls mnlor{;;llmn, nnr} that Mutorinliam ine ‘olves the nogation of God, of imwmortality, and of frao will, Dr, Maudsloy says: 4 This tmputation of Materiatism, whicli ought naysr fohisva beeu wo lightly made, it fu quito. coptain soy tho malority of aclontific. o twould_oarmicstly dise Claim, Moreovor, the Matarinlist, as such, In Lot wider any logledl constraint whatevor'to deny sither the oo intouce of s God, or the immortallty of tha on), o fresmlll. . . . The Spiritunlist may deny God the Power ta muke mntter thiuk, bit the Mutorinlist nood Dot deny tho oxiatence of God, becauso Lo Lolds (g matter inay bo capabla of thougtht, Furthor on ho adds Belenco, recogalzing the meastiva of what ft ean fme nrt 0 ba bouudod by the oxlating lmitn of seremimg uguiry, mukes no propoaltion whitever concernit that witleh lios oyond thean limits s equally carefy on the ono hand, to avold a barron onusiciation 1a Yords of what it canuot compralisud In thought ; and, on tbo othor biand, it refrains from o bliud danjal of possibilitien transcending dts moans of roscarch, A Cuim sequloscenca in Iguorance uatil light comes i 1ia attitudo, , , , The wondor I6,—~and, the moro (¢ s conaldored the greater it acomu,~that human intelligonce shoni orm Liave grown 1o thie helght sither of atiriing 1ug tho oxistence of a God, Cortaluly tha donial fige Pitos, evou If the atlirmation does not aivo, the assamipe ton of th ‘makes - attributes of & God by Lim who It 12 not enny to porcetvo, duleed, how modorn ‘Which makon it indactlous coticeruing nature al foroos from oliervation of Lieit mauifostutions, can, after obuerration of Nuture, avold tho goneralization of nn intalligent mentul forco, linked in' harmonions ansoctution und exsbntiat relatlons with other forcos but leading and coustraining them to higher uiga ol avolution. o apeuk of such evolition uy 1ho courso of Naturo {5 to oudow an undutined aguncy with the prope ertios whitcli ara commonly amiguud t0°a god, wiathee it ba called God or nol. Tho uaturo, wim, apd wor of this supromio {ntolligont forco, working, na fur e Yo kow, from evorlasilng to evorinsting, Jt 1a piatnty iinpossiblo that nan, luito and trausiont part of Ne tare, stionld comprehiend, 'To auppose him capst i of dotug 5o, would bo to supposs bim endowod with. the very altribulcs whiol, viug oaly in part himaolr, by -nacrlben f tho whale fo Doiiy, s, @ Notwithatunding the chargo of Athofsm against Suicuce, there in Liardly one, it fndacd 4nore bo evon oue, ominent sclontiie inquirer who Lus denfod tho exiatonce of God, while thero fa notably mars thon ©oua who has evinced & ohildiiko stmplivity of faith, o utmout olain of scientiflc akoptiolsm In tho right to examino the evidence of a rovelation professiug to bs Divine, In tho samo. soarching way' ma #t wonid cxamiiie uny othor ovidenco,—to endonvor o teae, ths orlgln nid dovulopient, dud to wolgh tho vato, of religious concoptions, us of other conceptions, Dr. Lionel Bonle, an eminant soentific in- quirer, alao of England, who has @ovoted much of bis lifa to a ntudy, with the mioroscopo, of tha coustituont olemonts of tho primordia) coll, do- Yiewed in our colnmus, that thus far all the investigationa of..scionce tond to prove that, abovo and beyond the ohemical and matoria foroas united in the living auima! and vegotablo organism, thoro is a vital force, whose origin, action, and sud, it is impossible to doterm| no, or to 'prodict If they over will bo dotormineq, ‘The honest slatements of thoso mon of bigh soj- oucitlo repute shonld nullify the vehemont aud intemperate dogmas of men who, howover brilt= inut and eloquont, whon they tall of Beiouce know not of what thoy spoak, —_——— Lord Radstock in fBerlin, The Berlin correspondent of tho London Daily News gives tho followiug mccount of s zowlous nobleman ¢ 2 A few dnya sinco I received the following no- tice : 4 'he Right llon, Lord liadstook, whoso Iubors in Bt Potersburg and elsawhero hnve beon mo aucceastul eud so widoly known, will proach in the American Chapol, on Sunday, June i, ote. Seats frco.” Thoro fs no doudt theg his Lordwhip i widely known at tho Russian Cap- ital. Wa received Dera the most astounding roports aboub the snocoss of his singular oue tervriso ; how people flocked by thonsands to his sermons ; how olegant Indies offered hir the nso of thoir salons, and how tho most aristocratio fell into & stato of fantastio and fashionable piety not unlike that which provaited s yoar ago in France. At first, I bolieyo, tho ungodly throw donbte oo his {dontity, but his Lorqshiy wun, of course, able to &mim to bhisuame in tho Peorage, He pronohel yestorday twico; and euriogity, if that bo not an ignoblo motive, draw me to boar him. ‘I'he American Chayol, ao callad, is common to_all non-episcopal Protostants of suy uationality, Thoro 18 still at Borlin an Buglish ohurch; at which nttond also such Auericans as belong to that communion, whilo Euglish dissentera go to the Amoricny church. The regular pastor of the lattor inan Lnglishmen, and a very worthy gentloman. You- tardsy morning Lord Radstook was honorod by a Iarge” congregation. I noticed rentlemen from tho Englieh Limbassy and o Amorican Loggation. 8 number of German familion, aud, of course, plenty of ladios; and the Inttor, at lonst, snt with oxemplary patienco to the end. Lord Radatook conducts hin sorvice without masic, Oponing with prayver, he follows with what mny La callod un exogotical rending from tho Bible, then another short pravor, and, finslly, tho discourse and the benadiction, thongh thig oxdor, or any order, doos ot saom to bo atriotly obuorved, The discourss {v quite unique, Some. body said that Emerdon's essays were like. Btringg of pearls, from which any nnmber of tine Bou. tonoes may bo datachod without disturbing tha complotoness of the rest. Lord Nadstook'd thouchts hava the same happy iudependence of one auother,only for intellectual poarls ho has tha most commanplace observations, His manuorin the pulpit is unexcaptionable, He is not rhape sodical like & fanatio, nor wopllstionl like an ime pastor. _He talk quietly like & woll-bred gentlo- man, and he appeats guiltiessrof auything mora than uttering & saries of dull rlltltuduu tou plons and enthuniastic ladios, I boliove ho is to ro. muib ome days and hold a numboer of meatin, X but 1f yestorday's experience may bo takon, the uumber of bis hearora will ba iu juvorso ratio ta #he “supth of his wtay, At tho morning worvibe @ \Was a congrogation of saveral hundred pare svn; inthe eveniug thore were about fifey, —_—— Uninflammable Waood, T'he Pall Mall Gazelte roporta the resnlts of x trial at Davonport dock-yard, ngland, of a method of rondoring wood uninflammabla by saturating it with tungstato of soda, Tho pro« pared woud {8 under all circumatauces much loss ioadily inflammublo than tho ordinary wood, and chips and shavings of it, although they may ba made to burn, will not by thomsolvos set firo ta Bubatautial tinbors of thie preparad wood. Tha cast of preparing tho wood, and its largely ine orensed weight, however, aro agalnyt those ade yuotagos, ‘Lo patenten dosiros a largo sum from tho Dritivh Adwiralty for the right Lo usa his Y‘nmnt. Lut hisofer will not ba acceoptod until further tosts are made, ~ Two* small vessols are to bo built, alike in all patticulurs, excopt that oua will ba built of prepared and ' the other of ordinary wood. Thoso will bo filled wilh come bustibley, aud aet on fire, aud from this oxperi« meut & decigion will be magde on the valuo of tha Invaation fu rotarding tho burning of ships, The propared wood can be Luruad b great heat, bu Steadily resista & movo lame without groat hoat, In building operatious (apart from ite' cost and {uorensed wolght) it pould prova of little valuo excopt in rotarding tho wpread of & flre in itg oaly atagoy, aud even thou, with combuatiblos of othor kindw piled up near the woodwork, it viould ba oxposod tv tho bout which {t caunot ronust, e S —A “fish fry” (s uow the popular w?‘tlu g s roach tho hearts of Sonth Cavoliu votors, nt.|or l‘:iu msnuor l|)f no old-h:xhib»uo.l bu‘:‘hb:ndnn, only cheupar, snd consequontly beitar g 7] the Suancul o‘guxhflou down vavra, clures, in Lis work on ** Protoplasm,” rocoutly ro. -