Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 12, 1874, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE; TRIDAY, JOUNIT 12; 1874. e st —— —— matter, Tha Generals who conduct one armics havo o soul or enrsiestutsn lu the cauno, Thoy go- with kil itloven ou thieir huude, and aay, * Genorotis, hoapitabla Houth Osrolisians, (the vory' vipers who hintulied out tha nceursed Rubollon), wo will niot hirt you{f wo cann Tiolp ILP T bollove hefora God—and if it bu fanatieimn 10w, $€ will not bofanatiemm when tho nuso of his- {ory traces tho ovonis of the dnay—that tho rovson wiy wo'have hind Ball's Binfr, Bull Run, and other dofeats and dtisaeters, fi Uhiat Gioul $i 1w rovidenco means to nrrvfgn us bufore thia great question of human free- dom, und make Gis tako {lis tight position, Whora ars Wa oW, RIr?_ Juub whoro v cortain crow wero, on o yesel whoao listory {8 found In thio sacred wrltinge, Theso anclent suarinors put out from the nnm‘!‘ and a storm overtook thom, like that whioh came down ujpon the Trojauy, Tho biliows, fonming and raging thireatenod tho destruction of voasul nnd crow, At~ Srighiened they called upon thoir respoctivo deltics, inauiclug what had brought upon iom tho diving diinpleasiire, naud found o cortain refuguo on board who had proved Qeralict to macred obligations. Thoy cast Inta about tho wmatter, referring it jmmaodintoly to & divino solution, and the lot follon the guilty poraon, What thon? Why, the culprit himeelf swd” ho must o {lirown overboard, Tho sullors, with ehurncior= fitlo. goncrosity, triod to 83ve bim, but could not, and cast it forth, and go savad their vossol and tho lives of those on buard, I can fmngino ilo commandor, tho pilol, and othor subniterhs oomod enlprit, saying: © Itle a pity to throw bim overboard, 1o line paid his fara cleny through, Ile Tiaw got Aomo sort of constitutional right to stay on our vesnol, atorm or no_storm ;. and, boaldes, e dx plons withal, says graco, and prays,” Dut the spito of tlio oficers, in apite of themsolves oven, guy: “Lotus not porish for this man,” So ey caat him forth into tho ses,and tho sea coased from her ruging, gatlioring nround the Titero Ja‘one foaturo in the procecdings of this Cone press, and espociully of yesterduy nud to-day, whioh will arrest and fix tho atlention” not ouly of every scasber of this 1Touse, but of {he peopla of the entira country : and tha v, that, whilen flerce, unserupua lous, and aimont rovolutivniry organization, known as tho Democratia party, is threatening tho Yaderal Gov ernment with violent resistanco 0 a_draft for the juurposo of reeruiting an army for the Uniow, which it Juny Le nocessnry 1o increnso in order to suppress tho Nwbiollion and_preserve the life of the nation, the feaders in this Houso aro persiatently and faciiously opposing every propossd mothad of obtainiug solliera from auy othicr quarter, They say you shall have no twore rocruits from tho freo States, and also declare wo alinlluot havo them from any other source; and the Domocratic leaders, and their politicnl confreres of tha Dorder tates, givo' us to understand that if o singlo woldicr, biack or white, s obtaiued to recruit our dect- mated regiments, it sliall b in_splto of thelr offorts Jiovo and at home, T put it to the candid jndgment of thio House and of the covutry If that 18 nok the fact ag evinced by tho Lfstory of tho lwt two mouthe, and expecially as presented iu the record of the procesd- Tkn of Ul Houss yestrday nnd laat night, 'We pro- Jioko to seud out oir recrulting ofiicers through the loyal inics, and ticze tobel sympatlizers, who arro— gito to themsclyes tho leadership aud namo of Domoe= Tacy, moot us and say, You shiall not hove a mau.” We turn to the frea colored men of African descent, atid to tho poor slave hold in the grisp of » Robl, aud proporo (o nek and require bim {0 lilp fiht tio battlen of tho country, aud 10 givo him that freedom for Iim- keif and family of which he novor ought to have been doprived, aud. thogo samo Hobel sympatlizers insfat 1115t suall not be done, The gentloman from Reutucky, $u Liiw place Jast night, In tho approprinto spivit of that e Fans Tor the potpetully of which o plaads so Vet mantly, nud witl a yigor and nnimation which ono \Would harily ozpoct to characterizo the offorts of ono of bis advanced years, snid that lie would eat, aud {rink, and slcop=and, for aught I know, dic—oi the Jtuor of tho Tonea rathor than nilow this bill to pass, Aud thls ia clufiued 10 bo Democravy—the Domocracy of lo-day ! April 24, 1862, io a discussion with Mr. Wick- liffe, of Kantucky, on the question of EMANCIPATING TAE BLAVES, Mr. Lovejoy said : It was (Ua bonst of tho Romen citizen that no ono daro fnflict upou bim the fudiguity of subjecting i {0 the keonrgo, Although fettorod and bound to tho stake, yebdf the smothered cry was heard, & Lam a Tomnu cllzen,” it arrcsted the falliug.rod a8 the volen of God nirested tho sacrificiol Jnifo of the patriarch, Yt alavery eelzes, and binds, sud scourges ‘Amorican citizons 1iko very slaves, aud oxllos them for their re- ligious oplufons 1ika the vory worat tyrannics thut huve wver oppresscd moukind, Sir, Tam willing ond anx- foun to welcoma back every Btate, but I novor will con- reut to rolugtate thia slavenolding power ! as God is miy helpor, never ! Lhie Union #hall bo restored, the Conatitution pre- perved fuviolate, bub slavery must porfeh, It fs de- creed u tha couneils of Tiedven, it in deereed i tho hearts of (he American peoplé, American oltizens cannot and will Dot cousent longor to creop and crawl over Amerlcan sofl with steallhy step and bated breatl, Ttey must uve the righty and fnmunitics of - Ameri can citizens fn ali tho States, "hey caunat huve tliuso riuhtu while slavery lves, Slavory must, therefore, die, Ithas been trampliug on the Constitution eu constitutional rights for yeara;. it Lias done it ays~ tenatically 3 it Tus dono it coustantly, remorucleskly, und now ot fast i6 hine culminated in rolellion, an Tatd fts murderous ande upon the life of the Rgpub Jic, M8 sisupistersd viethms nro weattered from York— fown to Pea Jtidge, sud (Loy le thisk and ghastly over Tiroud acres on tho fiehl of Shiloh, I do not care ever Lo utter auother Auti-Sluvery senfiment, The gaping wondu of theso brave Lorous slain o battls speaic ith power pind_ eloguenco boyond those of o dead. 7 aw thy are lorne boro to heartestricken wives il mothery, weeping sirtors and_ fathers bowed with priof, Every glstly corpso fuds a tonguo, sud criss from'its opcs coflin, ** LET StAvEnT PEnisu I Aler tho gront moasnro of emancipation hrd Dbeen completed, tho next question wagnpou the EUPLOYMENT OF NEQROES Aw SOLDIEBHS. Upon this question Mr. Lovejoydeliverod a most puwerful aud convineig arguient Jau, 20, 1563, buve 1ot timo to quoto from it. s position wne thot tho surest way to suppress tho rebol- lion was to mako soldiors of the negroes. You all reme:bor Loy siow and painful was the pro- cosm by whick tho country was lod first to decide against the extonsion of slavory, then to emnn- cipato tho sluves, thon to employ thom in its acwmien. Iu nll thoso strugglos Mr. Lovejoy was found always inthe foremost rauk, nud cortainty in onr Stale no man did more to convince and leat the people to tho adoption of that Fonuy which preserves the nation, and no man in the Nutionnl Councils did niore to wid and sustain tho Government in tho fearful and torrible ordenl through which the country was passing, I bave vot epoken and can nob speak b length upon OTHER MATTERS which ongaged his ai on whilo a member of Congrenn itk L may vofer to the fict that whilo L defnded the rights of tho negro Lo his free- dom he 1o less oarnestly insisted upon tho rights of white labor to recognition. As Chairnm of the Committee on Azviculture he lad churge of the Homostund bill, which was propared by him, aud was urged to' its passago with chuincteristic porsistouce and enrnestncss, and has rosulted in giving bomes to thousands who before were homaless. Nor can L speak at longth of THE PRIVATE LITE of Mr. Lovojoy, of hiy genial munuer, of his deop and rondy sympathy with all sufforing, of his do- volion to his work 88 & Christiun pastor, of the uniform uprightness of his life, of his quick sensitivoness to the delights of family nifaction, sndly missed in every circlo of life in which ho moved but monrned with the deepest sadness by thows who knew him bost and nearest. 1le died Mareh 25, 1864, Ho lived to see tho mon who had reviled and ecorned him at homo Degoma bis staunchest frionds and supporters, sending bim with wondorful unaniuity to bo their Ropresentutivo in Caugross, aud groeling and chovring him with loud approval when bo. relurned to them. Ho lived to sce tho slavo- power aguiunt which his vow was so solomuly recorded smitten to the dust, and forover over- thrown. When the vow was recorded, nothing could have seomed more unequul thah such a contest, but vight is King, Ono with God isn wajority. 1le lived Lo soe the mon by whom he way ingulted und abused forover driven from tho hallg of Congress. Ho lived tlil ho could surely uee the quicle-coming triumph of patriot- inm, nud loyalty, and freedom; till ho might say with the seor of old : *Now, Lord, lottest thou Lhy worvaut depart in pouce, for mine eyes have teon thy sulvation.” How many of the gront louders in thin contest have ouly boon permitted to look over into tho promised land, but not to cuter. May wo not apply to_ him, and such ag him, the wordy spoken to Jahn in Patmos: “"Uheir works do follow thom ?” Aud what o rocord! Blillious of men aud womoun made [roo started upon the rond to a higher life, toa nublor developmont,—yworke not fading with tho Lands that wrought iliem, but uufolding with Iresls intorost o bonuty with every new attain- wout of un eufranchived raco fo knowledgo, in_civihzation, in _Christisuity, with overy Lriutuph of right, and freedom mado possible by it triumph horo 3 such works forever followiug in the presence of Him who llimself camo to pronch deliverance (o the caplivo, tho opening of the prison-doors to those that are bound and who mado it annlmu. by IHis own life and death, thut men ghould, through faith and pa- tluuce, bocomo capablo of Chiristian hovolsm ; aud, with tho uncvaslug revelntion from Him, who was the Son of Man and the representative of all humanity, “I wau su hungored snd yo fod mo ; thirsty and yo gave me drink ; nakad and yo clothed mo; slol “and iu prison’ and yo ministored unto mo. Inasmuch as ye havo dono i nuto onue of the lonst of those my brothron, yo huve done it untome," " Imuginntion faltors in its fooblencss in the sontomplution of such a victory and roward, —— WILLIAYM LLOYD GARRISON, he following paper was prosouted 3 INTRODUGTORY LETTER, Mr, Z. Fastman: My Dean Bin: I very much rogrot my inabil~ Ity to attend the reunion of Abolitionists, to be hollin Chieago, on thoe Uth, 10ih, and 1ith ot June. I wae identified with the Anti-Blavery movement from the bogiuning, and was ono of tho twelve men who formed the first Anti-Slav- ery Bocicty over organized in tho country on the principle of Immudisto Emoncipation. T al- Judo, of vourse, to the Now England (after- wards tho DMassachusotts) Auti-Blavery Hooiety, orponlzed in Duston on the Oth of January, 1833, whon tho Ziberator nowspapor, fonnded by Garrlson, was ona yonr old. From that time until tho closo of tho con= fliot I sorved tho cnuse, somotimes s o locturer, but still moro as an cditor. On soveral oocn- sions, i1 tho abgonco of Mr. Garrlaon from bis post, T had charge of the ZLiberalor, Subso- quontly, I was for four yonrs tho nssocinte of Mr. Groaloy in tho Now Yorl 2'ibunc; for two yoara editor of tho Anfi-Slavery Bugle, at Salom, 0. ; for two yonrs oditor tho I’ennsylvania Free- man, nt Thiladelphin; and, flually, for twolve years offlco-aditor of tho National Anti-Slavery Standard, inNow York. Having thusspontnently tho wholo of my mnture life in intlmato nnd re« spousible rolntlons with tho Ant-Slavery couse, I am, 28 you moy woll supposo, very strongly drawn to your Chicago meot~ ing. It would give me great plonsure to meot with thoso who nill nesemblo on that oo- cnslon, to rovive tho history of (hoir toils and their triumpls, and to unite in n tribute of thanksglving to God, who sustained and blossed us duriug io confllct, and answored onr prayors fu tho flual doliverance of tho slaves from tho houso of bondago. I tha moro dosire to attond your mootiuy, bovause I undorstand that Aboli- tionists of ovory clnss_and school are invited to take part in its procoodings, without reviving tho difforonces of opinfon which impolled thom to seok tho nbolition of wslayory by differont methods. I was myself, frotn flrst to last, idon-~ tiflod with thoso~ who woro called !¢ Gavr- goninns,” but I do not on thut nccount tho less lonor those who consciontiously umn{;ht thoy conld bast gorve the cause by entering the polit- jcal flold. Tho names of Whittior, Giddings, Ohuso, Sumnor, Wilson, Lovejoy, sud tho mulit tudo of tholr aasociates, aro not tho less denr to mo becaugo they worked mainly in tho flold of politics, while I wns idoutified with those who consciontionsly thought the Constitution of tho Unitod Statox, in its pro-slavery compromisos, was “n_covenant with death and on ngmumunl with holl,” and therefore could uot tako an onth to_oboy 1t. Dotained from your mesting by the most sacred of domestio dutios, I would yet do some- thing, if possiblo, to enhance its intovest, and, therofore, in complinuce with ;onr request, T sond you 'the following wketch of Willinn Lloyd Qarrikon, who waa the founder and organizer, o Bonjamin Lundy was the pioneor, of tho Amor- jcan Anti-Slavery movemant. It is o narrative i whioh Abolltiouists of every school munst:be intoroutod, nud I therofore vonturo to hopo that it will give pleasure to all thoso who muy attend your meoting. Yours, with grent respect, OLIVER JOLNSON, New Yon, May 10, 1874, BKETOH OF WILLIAM LT.OTD GARRISON. (By Otiver Jolnzon,) William Lloyd (farrison was born in tho onco enterprising nud famous, bub now eleopy old town, of Nuwnurxport, in the Btato of Massa- chusotta, on tho 12th of Decembor, 1804, Ho in- herited nefthor wenith nor social distinction, His fnther was n Hen-captain, of some literavy ability and taste, but a viotini of intomporance, who left his family and wont noone knows whither, His mother, left in utter poverty, bo- came & professional nurse, ezrning, in that way, broad for hersclf and her children. Bhe wasa womnn of remarkabla contcientiousncss, inde- |ym hondence, and encrgy, and doeply roligious; and 'Lur son, probably, received from her the lemper- ament and the moral characteristics which deter- mined his carcer. EANLY LIFD. At ten yoars of ago tho boy was taken by his mother to Lynn aud spprenticed to the trade which Whittter so happily calls ** the gentlocraft of leathor.” Ho wad 50 emall that "his unecs trembled under tha weight of the lapstone, and his mother, findivg that the_occupation did nob suit him, sent him back to Newburyport, under tho caroe of a good, orthodox Deacon, whose pro- feswion was that of a wood-sawyer. ~When not at sehiool, Willinm nesisted the good Deacon in Lits professional Iabors. In 1816 Mrs, Gurrison wont to Brltimore ag n nurse, taking her son with her. Hora he spent o yoar, earning his live ing a8 n chore-boy, His mothor noxt tried to make him o cabinot-maker, bat ho liked this no bettor than the lapstono. At longth, at the ago of 14, ho found tho ocanptlou procigely adapted to his tostes, nud which becamo fo him both primary school and college, and titted hiw'ndmirably for his Jifo-work. . 1n thooflice of ‘the Nowburyport Herald, lie served an appron- ticeship of menrly sevon vemws to tho art und nystory of printing. Ab17 years of ago Lo beygan to write on political aud other topics for the Ilerald, taking caro to preserve his incognito. It was o long time befora 1o editor bucame awaro thot the correspondent, whigso articles he so highly commended, was Liis own apprentice. Tho youny man wrote ulso for othor papers, and it is romarkablo proof of his unusual ability that n mories of political articles which ho contributed to the Boston Commercial Gazelle ot ouly at- tracted wido uttontion, bub wore, by Robert ‘Walsh, then editor of tle Philadelphin National Gazette, attributod to the celobrated Limothy Pickering. The stengelo of the Greeks for fro- dom fired his youthful zeal aud oftered a con- gonial topic for Ius pen, STARTENG FON JIIMSELF, Tn 1826, Lis oppromticeship boing Lonorably onded, he bogan his profeusional lifo ay editor of the Free Press, o nowly-ostablishod paper in the placo of bis nativity, o toiled hard, gonerally putting his oditorials fn type with his own hand, witliout committing thew to papor. Tho Aree Press, lowever, though full of brightucss and force, uud of & high mornl tone, did not prove a wuccoss, and Mr, Qarrison wont to Loston, where, after working for a timo ns n journoy- mnn printor, lio became the editor of tho Na- tional Philanthropist, the fivst papor established in this country to ;prowolo ilhe causo of total nbstinence from ™ intoxicating drinks. 1 well remembor this paper, with its motto, “ podernte drinking 18 the downhill road to drunkennoss,” and its stirring appeals to the country to put down a vico which thon, ovoen more thun now, seomed to ondanger the publie wolfara. ‘he paperin o few mouths chunged owners, whorcupon Mr. Gurrison resiguod the aditorslip, and went to Bonnington, Vt., to condnct the Journal of the Times, o 18w papor eutublished to support tho re-clection of John Quincy Adamuto thio Prosidoncy, but which Loalso wade conspicusuy for its attucks upon intemper- ancoe, slavery, and war, Ab this timo 1 was sory- ing my appronticoship to tho printing Dbusiness at the Capital of Vormont, and I romembor now the eagernets with which Lread tho Journal of the Times, eo unlike the other nowspapers of that day in its high moral touo and its fourless attncks upon the popular ovils of tho times. Benuington, howover, was but o small country village, surrounded by, other rural towns of till loss protonsion, and furnishing no ndoyuatoe fleld for & pupor such ag Dr, Qarrison made. ENTERING THE ANTE-SUAVERY CAUSE Ho hind boon thero but o fow wonths when an avent took place that led hiw dircctly iuto the great conflict to which his life wus to ba do- voted, ‘Through the deep snows and_frigid air of n Varmont winter came Bonjamin Lundy, tho Quaker philantbropist, from Laltimoro to "Ben- ninglon, to entreas tho intrepid young roformer to join him in the editorship of the Geniusof Universal Emancipation, & smnll papor ostabe- lished some years before to oxposo the evils of American Slavery, Mr, Lundy did not fail of big object : Mr. Carrison was easily persunded to entor upon o work which uppenled alike to bis s_\'mllmth(eu and his convictions, opouing n fleld” of effort in which his Lost eneryios and Inghest aspirations would havo full play. Lo agreod to go to Baltimoro s the copartnor of s friend Lundy in tho couduct of an Anti- Slavery paper. TIHE BITUATION, ‘The plavos at this timo numbored a little moro than 2,000,000 ; the domestio slave-trade was carried on with gront vigor, and was the sonrco of large pecuniary profit ; the reising of cotton, sugar, and rice, by uupuid toil on the fertile flolda of tho Soutl, employed millions of capital, lorgoly furnished by Northern mon. Sinco the adoption of the Misouri Comprowiss, in 1820, agitation of thoe slavery question hiad almost on- tiely cousod. The convicliou had_tastonod 1t- solf upou the public mind that any discussion of the subjoct was dungerous to tho Union, and almost_every rill of symgnthy for the slaves was absorhed by the Oolonization Sooioty, and thus mudo tributaty to glavery. Tulpit and pross wore allke uumf), aud *‘darkness covered tho Inud, and grosy dnrkness the peoplo.” 'he nogro raco was altost universnlly rogurded with contempt, as untit for froodom, and Its onsluyomont Lold tobo com- imubla aliko with aivilization and Christianity, Tore and thero a volco was ocouslonally hunrd in mild protest against. the system, but there was no organized movement for sbolition, It tho subjoot was mentioned at tho North, thore wus usunlly o concossion that slavery wau an ovll, but o moro emphatio declaration that the evil ‘way ono that admilted of no prosont remody, and therefore thut ail disoussion was uob only useloss, -but mischiovous, The Quakern, to bo mure, cherlshed, in & formal Wiy, ta an Inherltanco from their fathiors, the tosti- {nc‘ry against holding men fin hondage; but they \‘| l{m thought of un organized movement for :Y Lfl. lggg-mm& xmf"fl bflmmnulvus, and mony ottty mewbors Lud boou demoralized. by thiv MR, LUNDY, Mr. Tundy's paper iisd dono oxceltont plo worls by its uxposures of tho- ovila sud enioltios of tho Bluvowysiom, aud by kooiug alive bu tho bonrts of & fow faitliful mon and women a flame of tender sympathy for thio slave. It was u ray of Hght mntdat surrounding davkness, Mr. Lun- dy was o dovotad, solf-snarilicing 1mnn, of ndom= itablo nonrnfiu and perslstonoy; but his compro- housion of tho alavory t\llonhon, in {ts various aspeets and boarings, and his percoption of tho privelplos and monns bost adapted to nrouso tho publis mind from ite lothargy, aud wsot on foob n prand national movement for emancipation, woro nob ofqual to thoso of Mr., Garri- gon, Ho lad not provinimed tho doctritie of {mmodiate omancipation, nor had ha falth in tho porgibility of sotting tho slaves free on Awmorl- can goll. ITe busiod himsolf Inxgoly with schomes of coldhization, bolioving that the slaves, il thoy should bo emancipated in any considorablo numbors, mast have some placo of rofuga, In asking Mr, Garrlson to como to his aid, Mr. Tundy took n step which was dentined to work woundors for tho causo Lo so much loyed. Nir. CGarrleon bad a positive genius for social othioa. 1lis moral porcoptions wero cloar and unfailing, lils senso of justice doe}) and controlling, s al- loglanco to moral [‘vrlun ples nbrolute, his sym- pathy with humnani tfl unlimited by projudicos of ruco or nationality, his courngo invincible. Ho ‘baliovod with Lis wholo heart, aud with no men- tol rosorvations, in tho "dootrine of the Doclaration of Indopondonen, that zll men uro created oqual, and endowed by their Qroator with cortaiu inalienablo rights, among whioh are lifo, libarty, aud tho pursuit of bappinoss; and ho fustinctivoly remstod tho onrront sophistric Dby which tuls doctrine, in 1ts application to the nogro, was mndo of more offcct, Onao cou- vinced that any systom or practico was morally wrong, he inststod that it onght to be Inatantly abolinhed, and that any attempt to porpetuato it or to axcuso it was au affront alike to God and to luman ronson, It could not tako such a nfan long to diecovor tho truo charactor of slavery, and, that discov- ory onces mado, ull clso bacamo oclear, Slavery befug a sin aud » orime, overy slave wag ontitlod to lustant freedom, aud overy slavoholdor was bound iustantly to strike tho foliora from his boudemen, To talk of tho danger of domg right was to talk nonusonso ; the right way must, of courso; be the snfe way, und vontinuance fn wrong-doing deugerons. Slavory being wrong, any conulvance with it on tho part of the Gov~ ornmont_could benothing less than a conspiruoy againet God and humanity, Evory ogreeniont to uphold such o systom, with whatevor solomn formalitios ontered into, wos, boforo God, null and void. Govornmentnl and constitutional gunrantees to support euch iniquity could bind tho consctenco of no officor or citizen. AT DALTINORE. It was in this apirit, with a moral vislon thus nnobstructed, and with principlos and purposes thon clonrly defined, that Mr. Garrison bogan his cditorial labors at Daltimoro, in tho Genius of Universal Emancipation, in the fall of 1829, Tho caro of tho . psaper was, by agreomont, maiuly essnmed by him, Mr, ' Lundy epending most of his time lecturing, and in offorts to obtain subscribors. As Mr, Garri- gon was moro radical than his assooiate, and ‘more uneparing in his assaults upon slavery, it wag agroed that ench should append his own inis tinls to whalever he might writo, 8o tunt the blic should not hold tho one' respousiblo for {I’::: utterances of tho othor. Thus tho partuor- ship ogan, aud the chango in tho Lono of the paper was o markod as ot once to attract atton- tian, Mr. Garrison’s bold and vigorous treat~ ent of the subject ofendod timid friouds, and 'alarmed the slaveholdors, ropolling subscribors fastor than Mr..Lundy conld procuro them. Thero was, probubly, somothing of youthful in- disoration fu the manner of hin niticks, bat ho was sublimely right in principlo, aud his worst onemles Woroconstrained to respect his forloss integrity. AGAINST COTONIZATION. In Now Eugland ho had commended the colonization schemo, not ana remady for alav- ory, but as tonding_to_prowmate tho wolfare ot thio colored tace. In Balttmore, having sought the acquaintanco of the A!uoplu of color, hio was surprised and startled to find them uurnimously oppoued Lo tho plan. At first Lo attompted to combat their views, but, finding himsell unable to answor thelr argumouts, Lo way constrained to make & careful invostigntion of the subject, ihe resnlt being tho discovery that they wera right ; that the Colonization Socioty, which was supported at tho North as an_anti-sluvery asso- clation, was favored at the South us & menus of stiougthening slavery by removing from the country & cluass whoso exnmple was & source of dunger to the systum. He at onco attacked tho Socioty, citing ite oflicial documents In support of bin naw posttion, INDICTALENT FOR LIBEL AND IMPRISONMENT. Fho papor, after coming undor hiy diroction, awakened the stroug indignation of sluvehold- ors wherover it circulated, especially in Balti~ moro. Otlior voices thoy had beard in oppoui- tion to slavery without special: alarm, but hoto wad o man whose uncompromising wpirit, terri- Dlo enrnestness, and power over tho consciences of men, mnde Liim dungerous to their system. 1Ie must be kilenced, or he would raise & tide of public sentiment too strong to be resisted. Bal- timoro was thon one of the centres of the do- mostio slave-trade, Ifumau obattols wera brought in from {be surrounding country, aud placed in pons, whenco they wero taken by lund or sca to the cotton, suar, or rf‘;n plantations of tho far South, Tho sight of coflles of slaves marching through the stroets clavking thoir fotters and bownil- ing their amwiul fate, was celoulated to fire tho heart of the young reformer with the doopest indignution. A cousting vessel, ownod by oitizon of Newburgport, aving taken n cargo of ulavos from Ballimore to New Orleans, Mr. Garrison donounced tho owner in tarms of Just sovority, insisting that it was as muoh an nct of piracy to take such froight in;an Amori- can city as on the coast of Afvica. Mr. Tedd, tho owner of the vossol, did not rolish this de- nunciation, and, instigated no doubt by the slave-holdors of Baltimore, he complained of the editors of the Genius of Uuiversal Emancipa- tion, and bnd thom indicted for alibel. Nir. Lundy was absont at this time, and go eucn}mu trial; but Mr, Garrison was conviotod iu May, 1830, finod 260, sud committed to_jail uutil ho ehould pay that sum, togothor with the costs of court. His imprisonment causod soms excito- mout at the North, espocially in Now England, A fow expressed sympathy, but the gencral vor- didt was that Lo had brought the calumity upon himsolf by his own imprudeuce and foily, e boro his imprisonment in the most une daunted and heroic ypivit, being sure that in the ond its offect would” ba to advance tho causo. Ho wrato lottors from his prison to his frionds and to Northern nowspapers. ‘I'ho Joston Cou- rier, thon undor the control of Jossph T, Buck- ingham, though not wholly approving the courso of tho young reformer, eéxpressod a moasure of sympathy for him. Of tho memorials of thab imprisoumont I ean ouly find space hora for a piuielo.production, wiich the prisonor mcribad with & poncil on the walls of s cell, aud which Tias boot pronounced on vory high sithority ono of tho nest sonnets in the Lnglish language : FRELDOM OF THE MIND, Tigh walls and Luge tho bolly may confine, 1 iron yratea obstruct the prisonce's gaze, Aud massive bolta mny baflle Liw design, Aud vigilant keopers wateh his dovious ways 3 Yt seorus the immortal miud this Lase control ] No chiaing cun bind it, and no eell enclose ; Bwiftor than fight it Nies from pols to pole, And, In a tlash, from eacth to heaven 1t goes 3 It Juaps from mount to mount,—from vals to vale It wanders, plucking honeyed fruits und fowers; It visits home, 1o Liear tho Aresida talo, Orlu sweet conversa puss the joyous kours ; ¥l up beforo tho snn, roaming afsr, And in its watches wearles overy slar Afr. Qarrison had boon in privou kevon weols, when Arthur Tappan, of Now York, a distin- guishied merchant, paid the fine and the costs of court, and thus opoued bis prison doors, If Mr, Tappan had delayed bis beuovolout interposition @ few dn?'s, it is mora iliauprabablo that the honor ot liborating the prisouer would have fallen to no lops & porsonage than Ienry Clay, whoso aid for that purposo had Leon invoked by Joun CG. Whittier, My, Olay, in taking such a step, would tiave boon trie to his bottor solt and to thouo iuntinets of froodom wliteh hund 1ot at that l,lxmn beon wholly smotherod by political ambi~ tion, IN TIE LEOTURE TIRLD, Blr, Qavrison, on leaving prison, did not re- sume tho oditorship of tho Genius of Universal Emanoipation, which was reduced by pecuniary nocessity from a weekly to a monthly, end soonr afterwards removed by AMr, Lundy to Washington. Mr. Garvisou had, whilo in prison, written three lecturos on elavery snd colonization, to bo dellversd in *places where he might somo timo gain a hearing, IHo doliverod thouo successivoly in Philadelphia, Now Yorl, New Haven, and Ilartford, his audionces beiug composed largely of colored {mopln. At evory stop Lo was mado sonsible of ho publio indifference to tho subjoot; bus thero wore & fow who hoard liim_ with deop intorast and thorough sympathy. - 1o arrlved, at longth, in Boaton, whero ke was welcomod by & few friends, who romembaerad hia labors in the cause of temperanue, and hiad boen no a litlle axolted by his imprisonmont. 1t was at Lhis tuno that I firut saw him, though for two years, at least, ho had boon my hero, Iaying drank of hlu #pleit through his writings, I was propared to entor at oube, with full sympauthy, into his pluns aud purposos ; and the friendship wo then formad hus boen consesrated by the labory, ex- poriences, and Lopos of more than two soore yonru, Not long aftor his arrival in Boston® he fssued proposuls for & weekly papor, to be callod the Liberator, intonding, wt firat, to publivh it in Washlugton, but tually, sud very foxtunately, conclnding to fnsto it from eu\n riotropolis of Now England, o visitad tho !londing clergy- mon of the vity and ul.hur‘-lm:x\l of influenco, scoking to intorest thom in Ly plans; atd to porsundo thom to talte the lond zi & movomont +for tha abolitlon of lnyory, My all, with ono consont, bogan to make oxouse.” Of' course, slavory was an ovil, But ity lmme}llnln aholition | would bo eninmitous alilo'to majters and sinves, ' and’ tltero was dnger thnt |any dlseussion | ot the subjeat wonld, by exaspereéing tho slave- | lioldors, lend to o' dissofution of 'the Unfon, All | this way vory discouraging, or wzuld bava hoon g0 to o man-of loss conrage and \falth 3 hut to. Mr, Garrlaon it was'only o Lonithful stimuluy Lo’ zeal ond dovotion, \ ADVERTISING FOR A ITALL.. . It now becama cloar Lo bis, mind"dlint slavory. goulil not bo nbollshod until the moral -and po. litieal support which {¢ dorlved fromitho peoplo- of tho Iroo Biates conld Lo withdrawn, I shiould bo the purpose of hig lifa, first, to arouso them from their apathy, and then, through their. organizéd moral power, to porsundo tho South: to striko the foltera from hor bondmon, He would cry aloud and eparo, not, rebuking the. whola natlon for its gin, aud calling it to xopent- anco. Ifo rosolved to galn n hearing in Boston, bub having falled lo obtaln tho use of any: ohnreh or hall in _which to pload his caure, ho publislied in the Couricr tho following notico: - WaNTED—Tor throo ovenings, &:hll or meoting-' Tiousa (the Intter would bo_proferred), in whiclt to vin- dicato tho Hights of Two MILLIONs of Aincrican citizons who are now groaning in sorvile chinfns in thig boasted * Iand of libvrty ; and, nlsoj {o proposo {unt.‘ beitevolent, and oonstitutional mensuiros for thelr xeliof, A8 the: wddressen will bo gratuitous, axd as tho caune s of pulille bonefit, I caunot consout'to rewunerato any sucloty for thowso of ita buillding, If this application falln, I praposo Lo addreas tho citizons of Boston in the opeu air on the Comnion, : WILnrast LLoyp GARRDION No, 30 Federal strect, Oot, 11, 183, In this announcomont, we rod the indomitablo spirit of the moral' reformor, who can bo: vanquishod by no array of oppoiing forcos, and who is sure of victoty soonor or hter, It scems’ strangs now that of all the Christinn churches in Boston not one was found to lespond to Mr. Garrison's appenl, Catholics ané Irotontauts, Orthodox aud Liboral, with: ono consont shut their doora. But, for all’tliat, ho did not fail of & hoaring. A society of infldels, or, as'thoy' called themselves, **Freo Inquires,” offered lim tho use of Julien Hall, then undor thoir- control, and thore his three loctures wero doliv- orod to nudionces respectablo for numbors and charncter. 'These locturea it was my priviloge to hoar, and a vory profound impression’ did thoy’ mako on my miud, Mr. Garrison’s dosuucias tions of slavery, falling as they did wpon tho ocary of men' who only haif bLoleved in the humonity of {ho’ mnegro, and ' were steopod in {ndifforenco to iy wion 8y seamod but the' outpourings of (o naticism; but among those who lis{encd’ there wore o fow who folt that tliey woro solemn traths which could be neither {nnocentls: nor snfoly disregarded. Bamuel J. May, Bamuel 13, Sowoll, A. Lronson Alcott, Ellis Gray Loting, David Leo Child, and a few others, wero on- listod in the good cnuso, which, from that hour; they served with unwaveriug fidelity. 3 *! TUE LIBERATOR." On tho 1st of January, 1831, appeared tha first numbor of the ZLiberalor, It bora tho names of Willinm Lloyd Garrison ond Isaae Kuepp oy ublishers, whilo Mr. Garrison was solo editor. over, porbaps, was a public journal com- meuced under moro disconruging circnmstances, ‘T'ho brave publishers wera too poor to purchaso typos or press, or avon to pay for (ho whito papor on _ which tho firsi’ numbor was rinted, Not a gingle’ eubscribor had cen obtnined in advanco, Any’ disintorested poraon, judging from eound business principles, would hive said that {ho enterpriso_lind uat ong chanes in n’thoussnd'to succeed, lishers biad & faith which neither thelr own pov- erty nor the frownaof thoso in power and au- thority could daunb They announced in the first number that % they had formed their co- partnorsbip with & dtermination to print the papor as long as theyconld subsist on Lrond and water, or their hauds cbiain omployment.” I'hoy found o friend_in Btepken Fostor, the printer of tho Christian Examiner, who em&xloycu them as journoymen, setting them ot work onlhis own Imsor, and taking upon himaclf the risk of osing all that they could not' pay him in this way. This arrangoment contintied for threa weolks, at tho end of which timo tho bLrave publishors found mosus to purchase n press and typos; and theroupon they opened an ofiico in a dining-room in theold ‘*Merchants' Hil,” in Congross streat, which was not only their. printing eatablishment, but thair place of abade. Their bedstend was the floor; thelr fare’ such uhnrlo artieles as demanded ittlo or no culinary skill, Dread and milke was the staple dish, al- tornatod now and thon with mill and bread for the sake of varioty, or such sinplo edibles as they vould find at o bokor's shop, restaurants Toing then unknown. T'he oditot wiought at the compositor's case during tho day, often put- ting his cditorinls in typo without cammitling them to paper, and then devoted much of tho night to editorinl labor, After a time s young negro was iaken ay an apprentico, thus itlus- trating thoir frecdom from the projudice which cxchus'ud men of a dark skin from shops wkore whito men fabored. Tho Liberalor was o follo shoot, published- weekly, The page, ot first, was 1434 inchus: Jongund 914 Iu brendth, Its typography was neal, for Mr. Garrison was o mastor of lus trade; ang ' exeeodingly fastidious in overything that, ortnined to it. But it is the moral and iutely ectunl chiaractor of the paper that challengos our attontion. I have tha firsb volume before me, aud as I turn over the_pagos now, after the lapso of forty-three yonrs, I fiud no dificulty in undorstanding how it broke tho heavy slumbor into which tho North Lud fallon after the Mis- sour] Compromise, compolling Lor, evet ngniust Ler will, to cousider tho character of slavery aud hor duty respocting it ; and how it startled and oxasporated the South; begotting an agitation in avory part of the laud which no polifical nor ecclesinaticel power could atlay, aud which euded at Jast ouly with the ‘emancipation of the slaves. In tho first numbor appoarod an addross to which Mr, Gurrizon's name was nffized, from which I copy these remarkable Words: I dotermiued, at overy nzard, to it up tho stand- ard of emunelpition In the cyes of tho natlon, within slght of Bunker 101l and fu tho Virll-place of iberly. ‘hat standard 18 now ufurled ; and long may it tiout, unhurt by the spolfationa of o or the' missiles of & demporato foe—yen, till overy choin be broken and every bondman uet freel Lot Southern oppresrors tremiblo—let thele sooret abbettora tremble—lol tholr Northern apolugista tromble—lot tho ousmics of tho erscouted blacks {vemblo | am awaro {hat mony, object to tho soverity of my Ianguage ; but fs {hero uot cauee for sevorily? 1 irdll Lo as barsh e truth sud ne uncom- promising as Justice, Ou thiv subjeck I do not wish to think, or spenk, or Write with moderation, No, uo, Tell o mau whone lioune 18 on fra o give s moderata il b to moderately rescuo lfs wifo from tho ‘of tho ravisher: fell tho wmother graduatly fo extricato bur Lubo from the firo fnto which it bus fallsn—but urge me not to use moderation fn o cutisy | Iike the presout, Xam i enrnest, Iwill not equivo- cate, Twillnot excuvo, I willliot retreats singlo fuck, and 1 will be hieard, Tlie apathy of tho peoplo & puough to make every sintuu leup from its pedastal, and to hasten #ho restrrection of tho dead, 1t s pretended that Iam rotarding tho canse of emancipation by tha cosrscness of my fuvestivo, aud tho precipitanoy of my messures, 7The charge i ot frus. Ou this question my fnflicnce, knmble an it is 14 fult at this moment to n conaiderable sxtent, uu sliull bo folt in coming yeara—not perniclouuly, but bueflclally,—nob as & curse, but asa blessings' aud posterity will Lear witnoss it I was right, I desiro t0 thauk Gou_{liat he ouubles mo to disregard the for of man thut bringeth u snare, and to spcak His truth in simplicity aud power, Aud then he closes his eloquont address by s fresh dodieation to his work, adopting for the purposo the words of Thomas Pringle: Oppression | I hnve acon thee faco to face, And met thy orel eyo and cloudy brow ; But tuy soul-withering glance I fear ug Yor dread to prouder feelings duth gl Of decp abhorroncs ! Beorning th OF sluyish knees thut at thy foo 1 also kucel,~but with far othe: W Do loll thes end thy herd of hirolings bzgo:— 1 swear, while Iife-llood warms my throbbing velns, BUUL to oppose and thwart, with hiart and Laud, Thy brutalizing wway,—till Afrio's ehaine . Aro burst, atd Freedom rulss the rosousd Innd,— ’l‘rlml’»lln( Oppreasion sud his {ron rod ; ol ls tho vow I take,—s0 lielp s God " NEW ENGLAND ANTI-SLAYERY BOCIETY. The Liberator had been }mhli»lmd one year whon o dozen men wera found to organizp in But the pub- | to micclnlm tho, goapel of' freodom: Congrosn waa floodoed with antl-slavory PMMOHW eccloni- .nitical bodlos wora forced to dirouss the subjoct, and politienl partios folt tho power of tha move- niont, untl], at longth, tlio whololand was fitled: swith in oxcltemont whiol mon in power and at- ithiority, in Oliureh nud Btato:vaiuly. conspired to ‘supproag. : 'TAKING PART IN TOLITICA, Unil 1830, tho Abolitidnista waroa united linll,y.‘ Anti-Slavory Sodlotiod woragroatly multiplied, nud tho effects of tlio sgitation wora' folt in ovory rolilous sect ‘aud ovory roliglous party, = 'Llia® quostion of organizing an’ anti-slavory political purty arose, aud uporf this thore was' a division Ithat wit novér iealed.. Mr.. Cmirlson bolloved jthitt tho organization of sueh'n party was untoe. ,opsary.and unwise, 1lo thu\\g&:t‘um Atiolition- ‘1atn'alionld stand shoulder to sloulder in. moral | hostility to-slavety and in thoir offorty to' en- jlighiton tho poople, and thus compol all politicnl {puriles to bo true to frocdom. Ile doubtloss be- Jiovew now that thiy wonld linve boon the: wisor ‘oonrze’; but hio hns always commbndod' ovory iform of enrnest hostility to slavery, and honored* the men who bravol; longm. tho bnttles of freo- dorn with'wenpons thoy.thought most effectivo. Some yours aflor tho formation of tho Libiarty purty, Me. Garrlson camo to tho conviotion that “{ho compromises of the' Conatitution,” Ly whicl 1€ was nndo o Emvur for' tho pruzncdnn of slavoty, were-of” such o naturo that- tho inateu-+ mont itaslf ought to bo repudiated, and the Gov- crnment organized anow undor provisions which should make slnvery impossible. The-Amorican Anti-Slavery Bocioty adépted’ this dootrine, and from tha timo- forward. sir,. Gaetison und his ‘frionds donvunced the Constitution s *a: cove. ‘ount with doath and’ an”agroement with'hell tiking na' thelr watchword, *No Union with Slavalioldors.” Many of thoso who'did'not unita with them fu this mensure, but sought to givean anti-slavery interprétafion to thio Constitution, hinve yot oxprossed tho highest admiration. for the courago and consistonoy of Mr, Gar- rison’s’ porty, aud: acknowledged the value of their services to- the' canko in stirring: up tho consclences of the people; and: in dostrdying thnb uu‘;umtmmm rovoronco-for the Constitution nnd the Union whick Lad so long! mudo thom thé refnge and - support of ‘slnvery. And whon the War of tho Rebellion was ovor, the fricnds of froedom instluctively saw that the: reconatritction of the Union, upon tho Constitu~ tion na it than_stood, would bo unwafo, and, ao- cordingl{ now provislons were ndopled whioh: rendored iunpnmuvo and nugatory the old com- promises. CILOSE OF 1118 WORK: The worle for which tha Ziberator had hoon establiubod Linving becn thus achioved, Mr: Gor- rison,. mb the end of 1306, discontinued it) de~ claring that his* careor as an' Abolitionist: was endod. The last numbor contaived tho official proclamation of tho Socoretary: of Btale announcing tho adoptlon of the Fif- toouth Amendment of the' Conatltution, {forever prohibiting slavery in the United Statos, Thus the ** standard of emancipntion” whick Mr, Qarrison erected in 1881 wasy inconformity sith lis promise recordod at tho time, kept ™ ‘*un- furled till overy chain was broken aud overy bondmun set freo.” Blavory having boon ut- terly nbolished by the Governmant, and its re- Labilitation_rendored intpossiblo, o advised tho immedinte dizsolution of the Anti-8lavery So- ciotios, holding that their further:continuance would Do sn auachronism, at ouce: uu- reauonable’ and absurd, For the accomplish- eont of all that remnined to bo done for the emunoipated neproos bahold that new assooin- tions, in which the Abolitionists sliould mingle freely with thelr follow-citizons of overy class, forgotting all the- projudicca nud annimositiea engendored by the muti-stnvery conflict; would Do fdr moro usoful and effectivo’ than the old onos, . o, TOF GUARGE OF INFIDELITY. 4 ‘Attempts: lave beon mado to- oxeuss the " churches'and ministers for thelr refusal to cs- pouse the anti-slavery causo, on' tho alleged: ground that Mr. Garrikon wasan “infidel.” "On this point tho trath of history' must Do vindt- mms(]: Bir. Garrigon was at that time, ‘and for five years aftorwards, n thoroughly orthodox man, T'he proofs of this fact mny be_found in reat abundance in the files of tho Ziberalor. fi[la was o constant worshiper at fivat in tho con- grogation of the-Rev. Dr: Beocher, & striot ob- server of the Sabbath, and a champlon of re- vivals. Ho relied upon the churches aud the ministers for the triumph of-his- ceuse, and waa slow to beliovo that their opposition’ had: any deeper sourco than a temporary mistake. For o long timo ho clung to tho hope that they woud discover thoir blundor- and (ivo thbo osuso their powerful support. te longth this. bope died out, and 1ia was constrained to donounco: them for thoir rocronucy to God and Christianity in londing their influeuce to thwart the Auti-Slavery move- ment. In this, however, be was not peculiar, tho grost body of the Abglitionists of every sect, up to 1839, Loldiug the same ground, and.Mr. James G. Birnoy, a muu of high standing in the Trosbytorian Chureh, writing a pamphlot with) tho title, * Tho Amerienn Churches the Bul- warks of Amoricon Slayery,” It was oot ™ in- fidelity” on the part 3r. Gurison ond his friendy that led the churches and ministers to ropudiate the Auti-Slavory niovement ; it was,. rather, the recronuoy of thelatter to Christinuity and humanity that led Mr. Garrison and. othors to dispute thieir claims to Do regarded as the rop- rosoulatives of Ilim who came to undo the heavy burdens and let the op- pressed go freo. Tho Abolilionists mons- ured the Olurches by mo other than Christian standards, and uppenled to the tosti- mony of the Biblo nud the exumple of prophuts and npostles, aud of Christ himself, for justiti cation of all-their denunciations. . My, Garrigon, in epite of all difforonces of opinion, always cherislicd tho highest respect, gratitnde, nud.affeotion for his friend Luudy. | Xlis approointion of - his charoter aud labors found l'ru(&\\uul and.emphatic exprossion imthe Tiberalor during his lifetime, and, wheu Lo died, e paid this warm tribute to his momory : TO TUE MEMONY OF DENJAMIN LUNDY. Thauk Ged, thrt though thy body Death bas slain, "y quenchlies spirit nothing could subdue; hut though {how art rewoved from nortal view, Thion liveat evoz more—und not in vaiul Our loas i but thine everlasting gain | Of frecdom's friends, the traest of the trie Wast thou; as all hur-deadly foos wall knew ! For bravely her goud eauss thou dida't waintala, No thrents could 1ove, no porils could appal, - No bribes soduce thee, in thy high careor ; @, many o fetterod slavo sball mourn thy fall, "Aud nany a ransomed oue leb drop the teur'; A ‘uation wikened by thy trumpot-cull— L'ho world Itself—ti1y mewmory shall rovors | It was o true instinct which led the South, in the carly days of the sonflict, to sev in Mr. Gar- rison a danguerons foo of hor cuc\lliul’ institution, | and to rogard- the sgitation bogun by him with apprehonsion and dread. Southern Covern- ors doranded the suppression of tho Liler- alor by law, and the Leglstaturo of Georgin offered by stututo a rewnrd of £5,000 to any onc who would kidnap Mr. Gorrison aud’ bring him within the jurisdiction of the Stato. Influentinl’ nien at the North assured their Southor nlriouds thet thovo wau no ground for alarm, that tho agltators woro o handful of *“ fanatics,” without influence or power of any sort. Harrison Gray QOtis, Mayor of Boston, in answer to an appeal, I befleve from the Meyor of Savannnh, comfort- od him with these words: 1t was roported to mo by tho city officorn, that, they had ferreted” out lthe paper (tho Laberator) and its editor, Ilis offico was an obscurs lolo ; hiv ouly visible muxiliary a negro boy; aud hiu supporters a fowr very inslgulfiéaut poraons, of all colera, Jexes Ruesoll Lowell mudo theso words tho toxt of s poom, with which I will close this impezfoct sletch ; B . TIIE DAY OF S3ALY, THINGS, In & amall chamber, friendless and unseen, ‘Poflad o'er Lis typea one poor,unlenrued young man' The plice was durk, unfurnitured, uud mesw, Tet thero the fresdom of u race began, 1elp caie butslowly; surely, no man yot Tut layer to tho henvy world with les: § What uced of Lelp? o know how types wors sot, 1o had u duunticss apirit and o press, Buch enrrrest natnres aro the flery pith, “Lho conapnct niclens round which syatems grow ; Mass afior mass becones inspired therewith, Aud wh!':h imvreguate with the ceutral glow, 0 'feuth § |0 Freedom 1 how aro ye still Lorn In tho ide stablo, i the manger nursad { ‘What lum ble hnuds unbar thueo yutes of morn, “Phrough which tho splendors of tho now day burst? Doston the Now Xugland Auti-Slavery Bociety, on the principles ~which ALy, Qurrison lind “so carvestly edvoeated, Of theso twelye mon not' one, suve Mr, Garrison himself wus'widely known, and not one could biing to the cause either woalth or large noolalt influgnce. Our Quakor President, Arnold DBuftm, was _contomptuounly spokon of in tho public journala ay ** uothing but a hatter,” .and wo wero all rogarded as * fanatios,” who hod undertalion & mighty task with instrumentalities forbidding all hove of succoss. In those du{n nimost overy muil from the Bouth brought to Mr, Garrixon snnonymous lettors threatening him with asassination it lie did unt dowist from his work, But the agitation went on, gainlng strougth continually, until, at longth, Aoie mou and wonien of hixh ‘standing wore won to the cauee, Lydin Maria Child wrote and published & book, ontitled ** An Apponl in Iaver of that Clugs of Amoricans Oullod Africans,” in which she oxposod the true cliaravter of slavery and answored the popular objections to omancipa- tion, Kuon afterwurds was organized tho Amar- fean Antl-Slayory Sooloty, and this was wupidly followed by bundraus of auxilary assooiations, Pho kmancipator was atnrtod in Now York, autl- slavory traots woro printod and ciroulatod in im- | monte numbers, and lecturivg agents wout foith What! slinll ono monk scavce knnwn Lisyond his cell, rm}n Ttome's fer-roachlvg Lolls, aud scorn ber rawi ? Dravo Lutier answerced, “Yos !—that thunder's swell Rocked E\hu‘pu, and dischurmed the triplo crown,” * Whatever cant be known of éarlh, we kuow," Sueerad Iiuropos Wive i, I thoir niuil-sliolls curlod ; No 1 eaid ouo nunn in Genoas and that No Out of thu duk ercated thls Now World, Who f8 16 will not dave himself ta trust? Who i §¢t buth not strength to wtund nlone? Who i 38 thvzar(s and bllke the inward must? Lo and bis worke like sund from arth are blown, Men of & tlususund shifts and wiles, look hore eo ono et taiytll-forward conscleiica put n pawn o winu worll) Hoo the abudleut sphere, By bruver y's slmple gravitation druwnl 8hiall wo not lioa d the lesson taught of old, Andl by tha P sent's lius ropoatod still, 1 our 0w slng lo manliood to be bold, Tortrened in ¢ onsclence and improgusble will 2 Wo stulils ths rive r daily at'its pring, Nor Iu our ghils {sh thoughtlessuess foresse What m{rln 4 vass sl stvenins shull teibute belng, Kouw lke un equil it ehall geost thoe vea, O'small bezinulvgy, 7o aroare great and stroog, ) Tiarod ott'n falthful hoart and wosrdlosn brain 'y Yo bndld 'thie fiture falr, yo conquer wrong, Ya carn thio crotn) aud wear 1L natin velu | g ' JAMES'G. BIRNEY. Jidgoe James G. Birnoy, of Mlichigen; road tho followlng prpors James @ Birnoy was born' in Danvllle, Ky., on tho 4th of Yobruary, 1702.. Ile was tho only non of Jamas' Bitnoy; who- early inilife settled 14 that placo, and becamo an entorprieing' and' succossfil morchant; 1018 EARLY EDUOATION reoolvad overy ndvantago that tho times afforded. e was placed undor: tho iustrastion of Mr, Priostloy, who was regarded ns ono of tho bost linjgulstaof thio Stath, Blbeoquently lio becamo & studont. at “Lransylvania University, Loxing- ton, Ky., and afterwards at Nassau Iall, Princos ton N, Ji, whoro lio was graduated in 1810; To accomplish the atudy of law, o was ontored ns & studont I tho offico of' Mr. Dallas, of Pjgla- dolphia, whoro Lo spent-two years, After tray- olibg oxtonsively, Lo ontérod upon TUE PRACTIOE OF TIUE LAW at Danville; Within tlis next two yoars he was. oloctod oy o mombior of- the Logislaturo of Keuw tucky, Ini 1816 James: Gi.Birnoy was marriod to Agatha A, McDowoll, daughtor of James: Mc- Dowell, of Danvillo, Soon afterthisho romoved to Himtsvillo, Ala,, whore he gained an onvinble position in his profossion; andonjoyed tho fruits of niluoratlvo practico, 1o morved: for sevoral yours au Solicitor-Génoral of tho Btite; and waa totidoyod & woat on 'the Bonoh of the Supromes Court, Uis partnor in the Iaw for some timo was the Hon, Arthur I'. Hopkius, aftorwards Judgo of!the Bupremo Court: of Alnbama, and Unitod States Bonator from tho sumo Htate. In 1828 ho was nominated by the WWhig party as ono of-tho. Prosidontial: elactors. of tho State, John Quitioy Adamsg beiugs theu tho candidato for 'resi- dont. 2 WITILE RESIDING AT WUNTSVILLE, Jamos G, Birney mado a profossion of baliof in tho:Christian religion, bocemo an active mombor. of; the Preabyterian Church, and oxortod an ox- tensive influonce o8 an Elder in that denominn- tion. At thiy time, both by inheritance and pur- ohaeo, ho had becomo tho ownor of slaves, and liad a'cotton plentation carvied on under his di- rectiom While éngagod in professional: duties in: Ala- bawa, o § THE AMERIOAN COLONIZATION BOOIETY, having.its heudquarters at Washiugton, tondored to Mr. lfih‘lmy tho suporintendency of its inter- cuts a district composed of iho Btatos of Tenuessco, labama, Missie- oippi, _ Arkaugas, and Touisiano.. —He accopted tho offer, and onguged nctively in the disoliargo of the dutios mude to dovolve upon bim., Ho raiged funds, chartored n yessel, and shipped from Now Orlosus as myny liberat- ad negroes as wero willing.to migrato to Liberia, Ifo waos troated with overy consideration and eourtasy whilo-traveling through the Bouth upon this work. It brought- him directly iu contact. with slaveholdors and slavery,sand led his mind to-givo thorougly considoration to tho relations of ‘mastor and_ slave, It wos not long.boforo ha ronched tlio conclusion that colonization wus al- togothor INADEQUATE AS A REMEDY .. for slavery; that its tendency was rathor £ por- potuato than.to tormlinato tho systew. About this period lie was induced by bis aged father to. move back to Kontucky and to reside near him in Lis dochuing yoars, Ho had nob boen long at Dauville bofore-lie was offered tho Profossorship of Belles Lottres aud Political Jiconomy in Centre Colloge, nn institulion sus- tainod by tho Provbyterian Chursh of Kentucky, "'his position lio doclined, bocauso.ho way thon cugagod in orgouizing =n adsociation in Kon- méi:y to nct agaiust slavery, expocting to gain only such adheronts as had advauced 80 fur os to fayor gradual emancipntion, But,. after mature cousideration, ho adopted tho dootrine that 1MMEDIATE EMANCIPATION waa the only adequate romedy for slavery. ‘Whon he renchiod this conclusion, he thought that cousistoncy required him to resign the ofice of Vico-Prosideut of tho State Coloniza- tion Socioty, This hie did In & lottor to its Sece retary, tho Rov, Thornton A. Mills, sotting forth ab length his objections to any scheme of col- onization, sud concludivg as follows: Permit me, ju conclusion, to say that the viewa: submitted in this communication, aro cntertalued aftor loug und very circumapect.oxamiustion of tho main subject to which they apply. Dorn in tho mblst of & #lavelolding community—aceustomod fo the sorvices of alaves from my fufancy—reared undor un exposnro t0all the prejudices that slavery begets—and belug wyself Lierutaforo, from _ early life, o slaveboldsr—my efforts ot montal liberation Wera commenced 1n tlis vorylowest aud grossest atmosphoro, Fearing tho ro- ality, us well a8 the imputation of enthusinsm, each ascent that my mind made to a bigher und purer moral an ntelloctualsogion, X wiot an s stawdnolnt Lo sur- ey deliborately.ull th tract T had soft, Whon I re- menber low caiinly aud dispassionafely wmy mind luns procecded from one truth connocted with this sub= Jooto anothior atill higher,—that the opinions I huve ‘ambraced nro thoas to which wich minds and hoartaoy Wilberforcu's end Clurkson's yfelded thoir {ull ussent— thnt they are the opinfons of the disintorested nud oxcallent of ourown conutry,—T fool well satistied that my concluslons aro not tho fruits of enthuslusm, When T recur to my own observaton through 1ifo alroady of mora thun 40° yoars,—of the auti-repubs liean tondoney of elsvery,—and tako upour most solemn Btate papors, sud there des that all men are ereated equal, und have a right that Is alionable to lifo, liberty, and 'Luppiness, I fool a soitled conviotion of mind (hat alatcry, s it exists among us, 18 oppoacad to the very eaxonce of our Governmont, and that, by pro= longiug_ 1t, we are livfng doton th foundation” prin- ciples of our Lappy institutions, But, ono word muro. “Tho viows contained tn this Tetter are my awn, and thoy have been the rosult of my own reading, observation, und thought. I a meni= bor of no Autl-Blavery suvclety, nor have Iauy ace quuintancs, either persounlly or by literary corre- spondenco, with auy of the Northern Abolitionlsts, No ong, Lesidea mysclf, is comumitted to anything I Do axid, The Rev. Dr, Cox, of Now York, commenting. upon tuis letter, said : A Birney hes siaken tho coutinent by putling down his foot; and his fame will bo envied befors his arguments arc auswerod or their force forgutten, ¢ This lotter was writton in 1833, Anothor im. portant duty romamed for'’him to do, and that was to give TRACTICAL EXEMPLIFIOATION OF It PRINCIPLES. Ho wau thon the ownor of siaves. Ifo at onco summnioned all upon who, according to oxisting laws, ho had any olaim, whether upon his farm or in_his household, They. nsscmbled in the largo dining-room of his residence, Hoinformed them that o liad executod deeds of mauumis- sion for each:and all of them ; that they -would Do duly recorded and _the bonds given, which were reauirod by the Stato as security thoy would not bocomo a” public charge; and that they would no longer be slaves, but freo mon and freo women. Io also informed thom that from that time eo mmuy a8 proforred to remuin with him. would racciva wagos a8 hired pereons, AMr, Goorgo Thomp- son, thon a licentiate preachor, and aftorwaids o missionary to Africs, boing prosont, wau nsked to 1uvolio tho blessing of the Almighty, whore- upon tho ontire honsohold, whita and biack, knelt in worship, and tho sobe and hearty re- sponsos of tho emancipated slaves added mfich to tho improsaivonoss of tho solomn occasion, I'he freoumon oxhibited ne spocial exultation ovor tho chango, but went about thelr’ work as unual, a8 though content to remain with thoir former owner, In o subsoquont Iotter ko gives tho following nocount of TIE EFFEOT OF FREEDOM : My own manumitted slaves, ot tho end of the first yoar of tholr omployment on Wages, will have used hut halt the smount thivy are entltled to recolvo, ‘They Iinvo uot fallen {nto disordurly or vagrant Labits, but have munifested, at losst the youngor ones, uu fu. creased dosire for knowledgo uid for atteudunce on the Babbath-schiools, aud the common wmiuistrations of the sauctuary, * ‘Ihe fact that ho entortalned such oconvictions aud had given auch a practical demonstration of lis sincerity arrested tho attontion of neighbor- iug elavololders, and mauvifestations of appro« bation inoronsod, Tho dificultics of his powi- tion began to multiply, Former acquaintances, frionds, aud even rolatives looked upon him as o disturber of tho poace. Novertheless, Lo thought thet by & kind aud coucilistory courso ho could induce slaveloldors to listen to the argument that had changed his views, With tho vlow of dicussing tho quostion of slayory, lio bought pross aud type for the publi- cation of & papor, at Danville, his uative pluco. 1o issued a prospectuy for THE LIILANTIRONIST, in which occurs the following passago: Those who huve fiivostigated the subject of slavery, Witk oue couvent declare, it sametbing sticotual by uot done witliout sny deldy, it will bacome 1 8 kLior time uumansgeable, aud v the end gverichelming, In our coudltion, todo nothing would alaw an unps donable lack of mauliovd, Bomething etfectusl on Lo bo—for a4 yetit can bo—done, With th nluvery, its svils mny be termiuated, our lan be blesseil'of God ; rajued, closused from deflement, and without & singlo reniathing blvadospot, stund clothed fithe mnjesty of hur fres princaplos, the Tubuke of tyranty, the refuge of the oppressd, iy was in 1835, Dut that community, con- aidorad the mont intalligent snd Christing of the Hiuto, would not endure suoh an innovation upon tholr customs, Sinveloldors af onvo assembled 1 ruegs-weeting wud plodged Ehomselves to uue ovory moans in thelr powor, whothor. onoofal or vlolent; to'provent tho disoussion‘of tho snbjoot. On the 12th of July, 1835, o commitlo wad ap< polatod to nddress him - A LETTER OF RESONSTRANCE Tho following extract sliows tho spirit by which, thoy worodmpellod: -, L C " Wo “ndddress you now n"the enlinness and’ candor \that Ahould chinractorizo law-ablding mon, as willlng 0 avold violouea - asthoy.nrg dotesniined fo mect ox= tramily, aid adblso you of tlio yorl] that must and in- ovitabiy will attond flio oxocution of your purposo. Wa Dpropuss fo you to”postjioiia’ (L0 notting up of yo prosa and (ha publieation of your paper until appits, cation cou bo had. to tho, Teginlature, Who will, by a p08ltiva Iasy, nob rules for your ‘okgervance, or by u ros sal 10 act, whinoniel us of our duty, Wo admonish you,sir, un cltizzmmof thg asmonolgliborhoo(l, ns metus ora of tho samo aocloty fn which you live and move, and for whozod harmony and quict wa focl tho mox slncero eolfcitido, o' bewaro Low yott mnke an exporh nent liore, which no Amerlean slaveliolding cominu< nity linw-fonnd iiself ablo tb bear, 2 Mr. Blrney ropliod, refusing, in respoctful yot digniled and decided torms, to comply. with thoir roquest, 1lo suggestod that ft would'liave boen far mora bocoming, and moro like tho spirit ol ln\v-nbldmfi mon, had’ tlioy abstained outirely from the threat that a rosort might bo hnd fc violongo toprovont’ the oxorolso: of onuof tha mout precious rights of an Amorican,—a right which, however it might bo violnted iu tho do- struation of hia proporty, or clovon down in the abuso of hig ernan,.onu novor- for a moment Lo surrondered, o, thoroforo, after glving hia ronsons, concludod : Howaver dosirolin:T may bo'of obllging you, na oftle aem aud nelglibors, I cannot acvedo to your proposie on, i The Committeo finding him dotermined to porsovere, succoeded- through- bribory, and by oxciting his apprehonsions of porsonal danger, in.induclng tho- printorto- violato his coutract, by refusing to print the papor. - At tho timo intolligonco roashoed Alabama that Mr. Birnoy bad manumitted bis slnves, his old friond and partnor, Judgo llormna. waa prosiding ovor the Suprome Court of thio Btate. A momber of tho'Bar madb sanotion that tho namo of James G. Blruey bo expunged’ from tho roll of attornoys of that coure, ns:one unwyorthy to ro- main there longer. Judge uzfiklus, although a Tormor bosom ricidy, had mat to GOUrge th ey aught in objcction, or to oxpross n word {n ex~ tzuuulwn,‘ and'ordored the mofion to be grants od. NOW WAS' THIY THE ONLY ATTEMPT to dislionor him. ‘While Lio waa resident in Alabamn, the Univeraity of that, Btate was organized upon an’ endowmont of ros markable liberality, On account of his reputation ng o clusaical scholar, and the interest he had uniformly shown in the cuuso of aducation, Mr. Birnoy was coms misafoned by the Wrustces to visit the Now England States aud’ form: the ucquaintance of - literury men, wilh the viow of sclacting compotent professor for tha several departments of the University, Ha did so, sud tho President aud professors of that institution wore elected to thelr several posts, chiefly upon his rocommendation, Ho: hadi froquently. attended upon examinations, and. taken au uotive part in promoting ila welfare, boing & member of the Doard of Trustues, 'ha literary socleties conmected with. it had chosen Lim au one of thelr honorury mombera, But nosooner did they hear thut bo.had glvon liberty to slaves, thun they hustenod to pasa resolutions declaring une Worthy of such momborship, and expelled hiny, 8o intense-was tho opposition in Xentuolky to. tho discussion of slavary that it was utterly im. practicable for Mr, Bu-uei to remain there and livo. 'The printer whom lie had cugnged hoving been bribed to leave lum, he could find no. othur willing to take tho risk of publihing his viows. He conoluded. g TO TAKE REFUAR ‘undor the constitution of the frco Stato of Oluo. 1le madoe Cinciunad his resideuco. e had ucnmel‘{ put biy domicil in order, bofore Lo yay agaured upon all bands that so imperative was tho sway of Soutliorn fantluonce fn that city, that lie could not, for & day, publish a papot that would.oppose slavery, Nob deairous of sooming rashin facing opposition that seomed irresistiblo, he, at grontly increased expense- nnd inconvon- ionce, made arrangomonts for the publication of the paper nt the Towa of New Richmond, on the Oio River, 20 miles aboye, Oincinnati, far the purpose of the discussion of that subject which then seemed almost impossible to allude to without agitating the publio mind, Mr. Birnoyat once Lecame active in offorts to form the Obio Anti-Slavery Sceioty, The report of its first anniversary, held April, 1836, shows that Lo offored tho foliowing resolution : Tliat, fu order to perpetuate our free institutions, the mnbjoot of elavery ought to bo fully discussed by the nou-sluvoholding Btates, Cincinnatiang woro. detormined that an anti- elavory paper should not be published within the city. A MASS-MEETING WAS CALLED. & Tho attendanco was largo and influential. The Ciucinnati Republican, of June, 1896, 1 speaking ol it, desoribed it as follows: The mooting was uot confined * to party or sect. It was bared upon & call from men of all purties, clauses, diatluctions, and caliings. Tho mosk dlutiuguished aud influential men of tha city woro there and took an nctive-purt In tho procepdings, Tlers wero Judges, werchants, lawyers, dlvines, pliysiclans, and the most respectablo tradesmin and ' citizens of every clasr. There were Droabyterfuns, Daptista, Methodists, anid uvmbers of almokt every raliglons denomination, Tlurs-were Jnckson and Harrison wou, and men of nil rolitical parties, all assombled- for the sawe purposca aud intent on accomplishing the sime object—tlie ex- pression of their abliorrence of the diabolical dootvines of the Abulitionista, A commitieo appointed by this moeting called upon Mr. Birney, aud announced {o himn thut tho moating ropresenting the senvimont of Cincin~ uati demanded the nbsoluto discontinuaunce of tho papor, that the public feoling would be anttis- flod with nothing short of thiv, aud that it was in such » slute of excitemont it could not bo reasoned with, o this demand Mr. Birney wroto & roply. He deolined, bLecauso compliance wanld involvo n tamo surrendor of the frocdom of the press, the right to discuss—Dbecuuse the Philanthropist was the organ of thoso who beliove that slavery as it exists in this couuntry is altogother incompatible with the permancnoy of hor watijutions ; of thoso who bolisvo that the slavery of tho South or tho liborty of tho North must coaso to exist, Ho furthor said that ho declined, baceuse tha domand wns virtually that of slevelioldors, wlo, Tving taken down all the safoguards of liberty in thoir own States, in order that slavary may bo perpetusted, aro now for tho fuller attainwenk onlm anmo objeot; also, bocause it was anute tempt to put down the freodom of spoech and of the pross, Such reasoning, howover, did not sllay tho ex+ citoruent. Its intonsity iucreasod. ‘Au oxtract from & lotter of Mr. Birney, writs ton at this timo, shows how be rogarded theso movowents et e Bm: I have enough to dohoro, Tho war is raging, —the pro-alavery 'SVEit foela as i St lad buen struck, sudis givding itaolf for tha airife, An_auti-Abolition musting iy to be beld tuls evening, elled by gentlemen of yroperly snd standig, o Lind of tlie South bas almost benumbed the apirit of frosdow here. . . . . 1 caunot priut my paper bere; I locturud bLers ont evening to x small audionce, it o private mannor, ne xotice of It baving beon given fn the papers, Thiv Iy £l pxelting cuuss of the meeting thia evening, 1t was but yesterdny thut a wealty alavelioldor of Kontucky called to lot ine kuow that my papar in Ohio would Ue destroyed by o band of his follow-citizous, who had do- toruibied npon it; that almoyt the whols country would Lo simuoned to (he sorvicy, and thut my 1ife was in constant danger, A few days befare, a citizen of Git- clunatl, 8 high- commissioned otticer of tho militls, callod £0 fnform me that I would by disgracetully pun= ieliod and abusod, and wy property deatroged, if 1 Doraisted in my Anti-Slavory movorunts, . o 1 pray you proa on, 1t48 not n time to bu fudolent. 1€ wo are our children niay wear tho livery of the slave, If I fall in this cause, T trust it will brivg bundrads to supply my place, A8 AN ILLUSTRATION of the estimate at that time had of Abolitlonists, it may bo mentloned that Mr, Diraey, on sccount of Min, Birnoy boing absont frow thecity, closed his housa tonporarily, and becnmo & boarder at the Franklin Houso, 'ho guosts, composed of business-mon of blio oity, no_sounor honrd thut an Abolitionist was n guest of tho houso thun they mot and rosolved that thoy conld nob tolor- ate buch un iutrasion, aud mord khan & soore of them abandoned the honve. - ‘At thin time Mr. Biruoy could scatcely appear upon the streots of Ciuciunati without boing in riskc of personal dumsgo. As the orisis “up- proaolied, Mr. Birney proparod = Ai:'“u#w'd asaocintos, wan In behalf of himuolf and aenociatos, ::-‘:ll:l’}lu'un‘:l. and from whiok the following is an obeaes 1t thomeolve inet th jawless men srray themsclves againet the un‘h.“fié:fl{:.'...' ‘eclaring that their will, and not that of the poople, 16 paramount, Whnt, follow-citizens, ought I Wo o do i auch u case? ' Ought we o ylold to foar? . s o We have maw in somo deyree, from tha forcp of cireummtances, commitied to aur custody the rights of every freouun in Qhlo, of thiele oftepriug, of our own, Shall wa as cravens volunlarily ulfor tiem up wucrifices to tho spirit of misrule,or, a8 Amerls ¢an oltizens, contend fur them, till a force which wo cannot withatand _ hiall wrest, them from our hnnds 7 Tho Iatter part of the slteruntivo wo have embraced with a full detormiuation, by the hilp of God, o tuain- taln untmpairod the fresdoin of spoech aud tho liborly of thie press,—the pulladivin of our rights," No oxpediont was left untriod which might fntimidate My, Birney and his condjutors, Who pross was plied ; lavge mootings were lald; spagchos waro mada ; rosolutions wero adopted; committeos 'orgnnizud,—ovmylhhnt‘ wag pub in motion to raduce or dostroy tho little band of phitanthropists, who had pledged their all {o the cause in which they bad enlisted, TUE, LANGEST MEEIING waa hold at the Conrt-Houss, Some 4,000 pooe plo gathered in aud about it. The speskera wnde every possiblo rv\\mal to tho excited feel- Inga of tho orowd. Whon Luey wore arowsed to tho highost piteh, 50 as to bo rundy for any des- , (Sve Nluth Puged