Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 27, 1874, Page 4

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBU. MONDAY, APRIL 27, 1874, TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TERMS OF RUDEGRIFTION (PAYATLY IN ADVANAR). 12.00 | Sunder. .00 | Wookly yoar at the same rata, ent dolay and mistakos, be sure snd give Pott ©Of ce address in full, tnoluding Stato and County, Temittancas may be mado elthior by draft, oxpross, Post Ofice order, or in regiatorad lottors, at onerisk. TENMA TO CITT SUDACNINAI Dally, delivered, Bunday excoptoa, 2 oonte per wask. Dally, delivered, Sunday inoludod, 30 conte por wask. Address THE TRIBUNE OOMPANY, ©orner Madison and Dearborn-sts., Unloago, Tl TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. VI Y TRE-Madisan, stroat, batwesn PRI Sl Ragagomentor tus Altive OFsie- ouffo Troupo, ¢ La Porlobols." troet, hots RY'R TIRATRE—Randalph sieeet, hotweon O K A e Biroots of Naw York. " batwesn Mi e Chtaten ACADTMY OF MUGIO—Halsl (ton and Monzon. Kngagoinont, VKL, or the Arkauass Travelen MYRRS' OVERA-HOUBE-Monros d State, Arlington, Cotto s brale, M nsiraiey and somioalitias. & o that Eadd We by Ko Al suuo iy ontortaloment. Alox. 0. : ADELPHI THEATRE-Comer of Wabash ana Cangress strost. Diavis, Karl Liud, Logro 8OCIETY MEETINGS, Y,A FAYETTE OHAPTER, No. 3, T. A, M —Hall 72- Mcntagat, Regular convocation this (Mendny) ovoning, st alock, fck busines of impurtance. Mefubers aco Berby nott attand, By arderaf tre Xi, P BUSINESS NOTICES. THR LUKGS ARE BTRAINED AND RACKED BY A PLRSISTENT COUGH, THE GRNERAL STRENGTH WASTED, AND AN INOURABLE OOMPLAINT OFTEN ESTABLISHED THEREDY. DR. JAYNE'S EXPECTORANT IS AN EFFEOTIVE REMEDY FOR ODUGHS AND COLDS, AND KXRRTS A BENKFI CIAL LFFROT ON THR PULMONARY AND BRON- OIIIAL OKGANS. Whe Chivags Tiibune, Monday Morning, April 27, 1874, Comptrollor Knox bas mado some onomies in Congross by his oxposure of the weak points in tho Benate Curroncy bill. Ho was tho firet to point out that the bill would cause contraction instoad of oxpansion ; and this maladroit acute- ness tho inflationists will boslow to pardon. Mr. Back, of Kontucky, o fow daye ago, charged the Oomptrollor with kooping in the Troasury 84,~ 000,000 of the extra National Banl ciroulation ordored to bo fssued to tho Wout and South, his object boing to delay the withdrawal of $36,000,- 000 from tuo Eastorn banks, whioh tho law pro- vides shall tako placo whon the ontire extra cir- oculation haa beon issued. Tho Comptroller has answorad thia charge ina dignifled and honost lotter, which was read in the Houso of Ropre- sentativos Saturday. Thoro is no reason for disbolioving his ststemedt that tho dolny in withdrawing olreulation from tho Esstorn banke s duo to a dofact in the Iaw, not to dereliction of duty on bis part. We boliove Mr, Knox is the only gontleman connectod with the Treasury Dopartment who hss got into troublo by roason of knowing too much, Avory little matter was productive of a vory fong debate in the House of Represontatives on Baturday last, namoly, tho striking out of the sppropriation for the continuance and repairs, duriog anothor year, of tho Attornoy-Gonersl's landaulet, and it resulted, aftor much ludicrous- Iy grave discuseion, cheap humor, and ‘bad tom- per, that the horse and carringo items wore stricken from the bill. An additional smond- mont, proposed by Mr. Hoar, was adopted, pro- viding that no officer of tho Government shall hercaftor receive any componsation or por- quisites beyond his sslary, excopt such foos and porquisites s aro fixed by law, Although the Attorney-General's landaulet is & vory little thg to legislato -mpon or make & fusn - gbuuy, WH mUUN UE ko Sluuse was eminently wise, becauso there is an {mportant principlo involved, Heads of De- partments, like othor human boinge, will take anell if you give them aninch, Itis mot the nso of tho Attorney-General's horses which is so objectionable, as -tho abuses of the porquisite system, of which it is one of the most prominent oxamples, aud the only way to stop the abuses is" to stop the: system which has beon rapidly spreading, sud which has not only entalled a henvy exponso upon tho Government for car- tingen and horses and their keoping inall the' Departmonts, but has also pensioned a small: army of conchmen, grooms, stable-boys, and sor- vants, whio got the ir pay out of the PublicTross- ury in various roundabout way: Dr. Thomns preached o sermon on Bunday of Iast week in justification of Prof. 8wing, which did not so much accomplish its avowed object a8 {Lo vory difforent one of drawing attontion to tho dootrines of Dr. Thomas himself. Therois trouble in the Methodist Church ovor that ser- mon ; and outside poople, taling pattern from tha nction of Methodists in tho case of Prof. Swing, manifest & disposition to have a hand in tho quarrel. Tho Rev. James Maclaughlan, of tho Sootch Church, is one of ' theso intorested outsiders. Ho has atlompted to suswer Dr; Thomas; his sermon will be dound in another column, Itis doubtful if tno pulpmt controvorsies which have been g0 sbun- dant in this city recontly aro worthy of the mon who sre engaged in thom, or.of tho ends which thoy profees to seel. No momber of Mr. Mac- Jaughlan’s church will bo any bottor for'know- tng tho errors of Dr. Thomas' way. Tho rage for doctringl proaching which hae seized upon our ministers will not be offectual in turningono soul from a viclous to o virtuous course of tite, Soorates, the unfortunato Groek who died bofore the five pointa of Calvinlsm were discovered, know enough to pross home unon bis hoarers tho Dlessedness of virtue, "f1o never boeame involved in barren disoussion about immaterial fksunos. If Prof. Bwing's and Dr. Thomas' tonchings will ssve and Prof. Patton’s and Mr. Maclaughlan's will do the same, ~—nouo of tho contestants will deny this much to “any pthor,—furthor pulplt debato ia ussless and aimplo waate of energios which might be ox- ponded in tho causo of & common Christiamty. —————e s The Chicago produco markets were rather lesa sotive on Saturday, with a very steady fooling, and littlo change In prices. Blons pork was quiet aud 6o por brl higher, closing at §10,26@10.80 ossh, and $16.47}(@16.60 soller June, Lardwas 1 good domand, and B6@T4go por 100 1ba higher, closing at 20,70 cash, and $0.85@9.8734 sellor. June, Meatsworpquictand m;nhnunud at 5} @00 forshoulders, 85¢a for shiort riba, B}(@0o for shiort cloar, and 10@11c for sweot-ploklodhams. High- winea wora aotiva and 1o highor, at 950 per galion. Lnke trelghts wore quiot and stoady at 43fo for, corn to Buffalo, Flour was dull and unohanged. Whont was less aotlys, aud 3o highor, olosing at 1.26!¢ cash, and ©1.253¢ sallor May, Corn wae n fair demand. and o highor, olosing b 640 cash, and 0434 soller May. Oats woro mod- orately activo and a shado firmor, st 400 onshy, and 403¢o sollor May. Rye was dull aud easier at 020 askod. Darloy was dull at $1.65@1.68 for No. 3, and §1.85@1.86 for No. 8. Livo hogs ware firm for cholce and dull for infort or grados. —ee— den. Schonck hns roturnod homo, John Jay 8 on tho way, and Gon, Bioklos iz making {proparations to come within two months, Our Govornmant will thus bo unrepresontod by Min- istors at throo of tho principal Europoan eapitals, Thoro {a not muoh coosslon for importaut diplo- matlo doalluga with Groat’ Dritaln or Austria at presont; and in onso complications with Bpaln should ariso, thoy could be adjusted without tho intervontion of Gen.8lokles, aa was proved in tho meitlomont of the Virginiue aftair. The | threo Minlstors might stay homo indofinitoly and allow tholr malarios to bo covered into the Tressury. This point sooms not to Lavo ocourred to any of thom, The suggestion ls gratultoua. THE WESTERN PRESS AND THE VETO, Ot tho 116 Wostorn papors that have reachod us sineo tho Prosfdont votooed tho inflation bill, alxty-ono sustain the veto, forty-two condemn it, and thirteon have oxprossed no opinion suffi- clontly declaivo to tell whore they stand. Most of theso aro daily papert of tho smaller oitios. Tho voico of the weokly prossof the rural dis- tricte, which is quito ag important on thia ques- tion as that of tho daily pross, io not yet hoard to any considerablo oxtont. 0f tho Republican party newspapers in Illinols, 80 far a8 hoard from, twelvo sustain the voto and ten opposeit. In Indiana, however, only three sustain it, whilo soven opposo it with more orloss heat and virulence. Tho Torre Haute Ezpress colls on Morton to make s direct fesup with the Prosldent snd to sppesl t0 the country for support. It polnts the way to the Prosidency for the Indiana Senator over tho road of curroncy inflation, The Evanaville Jourtial calls for indignation meetings to ovor- awo the Prosidont. Tho Illinofs State Journal belloves that tlio Ropublioan party of Iilinols will side with Logan and Oglesby on thisissno. The Milwaukeo Sentinel oplnes that tho Groat West is aroused to tho vindication of its rights—moan- ing its right to Lavo n dopreciated currenoy, The Janesville Gazette, on tho othor hand, cau- tions tho Washington politiciang to consult the poople before thoy rashly make war on t_ho Prosident. 'Tho Burlington Hawkeys wel- comos tho issue, and invites the infla- tlonists to make it without dolay if thoy think it will pay dividends. The Quinoy Whig sagaciously obgervos that whatevor party shall ‘bulld its houso on tho sandy foundations of ir- rodeomablo ourrency will bo brought to irretriov- able rain in the end. Tho Desdotnos Regisier hopes the Wostern and Bouthorn mombors of Congress will havo tho courage to fight it otit on ag obstinate and courageous & lino ss the' Prosident himself Lns Iald down. - The Rock- ford Register saya that tho Prosidont has proved again that ho is a8 formidablo to the blundorora who threaten the credit of the country from within as he is to the onemies who would assail it from without. Altogether, :there has beon no such party jargon since the duys of tho No- braska bill. Bomo fow talk of a compromigoon the basis of freo banking, and retivement of the greonbacks until the amount of the lattor is reduced to £300,000,000, This is the plan so ably prosonted by Mr. James W. Buell, Prosident of tho Import- ora' and Traders’ National Bank of New York. It 18 & wiso plan, but as the basis of & compromise it {sinndmiasiblo and worth less, since it involvess complete surronder of tho inflationiats. Freo banking, as wo have proviously shown, will not, undor the present law, Inflate the “curremoy. Theoro is already » surplus of Natlonal Bank cur- ronoy ab the Treasury awaiting tekers who will put up the roquisite sccurity; and existing banks 10 Lo - Iurgor Cltlen azo vellslug Lholr ourrenoy overy day., Throe Chicago’ banka bave, within the past week, taken stopa to rotire thetrs, and s much Jarger amount would be rotiredif tho law pormitted. Thoroforo tho basis for the proposed comprowige docs not oxiat, The battle must be fought out. ) MR, WINDOM'S REFORT. The Joiut Committeo of the two Houses of Congroas upon tho subject of transportation be- twoen the West and tho East mado its roport, through Mr. Wiudom, of Minposotn, on Batur- dnylast. Tho raport is & longthy dooument. Its conclusions may bo thua stated: That it is important to have choap and ample facilitios for the oxchange of commodities; that Congross has tho power to aid and facilitate this ond by {mproving or creating chatnols of commerco on land or water ; that it is doubtful whother cheap and ample facilitios oan evor be obtained by Cougressional regulation of existing means of transportation, and that Congress haa mot the infortaation nocossary to attompt to rogulate the 1,800 railways of the country, and, thereforo, thoy recommond cortaln gonoral regulations con- corning railways, to provont combinations, dis- criminstions, stock-inflations, aud non-co-oper- ative frolght linos. Thoy also recommend & Buresu of Commorco, otc. Tho Committos find, howover, that the physio- “miso. ol ndaptation of tho comutry for choap and smple water communications points to the fm- provement of tho great natural water-ways and .thoir connection by canals, under the control of the Government ; and, of theso wator-routos, tho following aro the moat advantagoous chan- neld to bo creatod or Improved by the General Govornment: 1. The Mississipp River. 2. A water-routo from tho Miseissippl River to Now York Oity, by the Linkes. 8. A wator-route from the Mississippi River via the Obio ana Tonnos- 800 Rivora to o pofnt in Tonnossoo or Alabama, and thence by canal and slack-wator to the ooean, at Bavanunah or Alobile, or both. 4. A routo from the Miseissippi River via the Ohio and Kanawha Rivers to a point in Wost Virginia, and thenco by canal and slack-water, or by froight rallway to tido-wator. Tho cost of these, wator-routos is put down at §165,000,000. The Committoo entor into a dotail of tho real and supposcd advantagos of those several natnral chinnnels of communication, aud plainly and die- tinotly concedo that thoy aro most important in tho senso of bemy rostraints upon all railways competing with thom. The firat question, how- ovor, to bo determined is whether tho Govera- ment of the United Btates s to ongage In this ‘business at all. It isnot & mero queation of ox- ponding 165,000,000, for that sum will hardly cover the prellminary work in theso four pro~ posod canals, but whothor the United Brates alnll eugage iv a sorles of ko oporationsin all parts of tho United Btatos, to bo carried on fn- dofinitely, until tho wholo ares of tho Union shall be supplied with artificial wator-couraocs. On this quoation tho Comultteo itsolt hesitates, It propounds itho important inquiry to tho aonalderation of the country, and recommends that {7 the doolsion bo in the afirmative, that theso four channols sliall be soloatod as tha Lo- ginning of tho now system. 'Wa will not discuss, at this timo, the dotails of sithor of the four proposed publio worke, The moro Importaut point to be dooidod is, whother tho country should engago in & systom of intor- nal improvemonts a8 oxtonsiva a8 the continont snd costiug so large & sum. Tho Misslaalppl, just at this momont, presonts & gcono of dovas- tation that appoals to tho humanity of tho wholo poople. Tho pormanont loveolng of tho rivor for a thousand milos on:both sides, ns woll as ‘tho liko Improvoment of the various tributary stroams, would cost, perhape, s thousand mill- Jons of dollars, sud would equitably and natur- ally form a patt of any porfeot syatom of porma- nont improvomonts of wator-courses, By & judicious exponditure, the Arksnsas, the Whito, and tho Red Rivors might furnish choap trans- portation to & sestion of the conntry tooming with produotions that now ¢an find no market. The Ohlo River itsolf is & marvel in the way of navigation. To make that stroasm navigable and to koop it 50 will 0ost an immenao sum. In tho schieme of the Committeo is included the {mprovemont of the Missiesippl River above tho Falls of St., Anthony, and this loads the imagination away to the day whon the Missouri, and tho Yellowstono, the Red Rivor of the North, tho Colorado, Platto, Choyonno, Glla, Groon, Bacramonto, and the Columblia Rivers will all bo mado navigable, or moro navigablo than thoy aro, and connected by csnals and slaok-water navigation with tho Mississippl and all tho wator-courses of the East, o that in timo a man may ontor tho Po- nobsoot in Maine, or the Bt Mary'sin Florida, ortho Columbia on tho Paciflo, and procood from ocoan to ocean, and toand from very part of tho intorlor, oxcluelvely by wator, All thiais vory grand to contomplate, But thero sro sev-- eral things to be considerod. Beiting aside the firat cost, esch work will cost ono-tonth of the original outlay annually to keop in ropalr, and when comploted what will be its utility? Loaving out of view that for oach dollar expondoed on thess works another dollar will probably be stolon, thab the Governmont itsolf will beoomo a vast buresu of contraots, what will be accomplished? Assumiog the Tons nossoo Liver route snd the Kanawha River ronte to bo finfehod, how many bushels of grain will fowa send by eithor, on a soven weoks' journoy over tho mountains, whon thero aro flve trunk rallwaya leading from tho border to as many poluts on tho Atlantlo, and esoh capablo of do- livering the grain in elxty hours? How much froight will eithor route bring to the Northwest in compotition with the rallrosds? Tho wholo' schome is vislonary. The linking of the four routea togother {s ominous. It i8 a confession that, takon soparately, neithor would ever be thought of; and s euggostion that, combined, there may be 6 succosaful forsy on the Natlonal Trensury. —— THE WISCONSIN RAILROAD LAW, The Wisconsin Railrond law, which goes into effect to-morrow, is croating more than ordinary ‘oxcitemont In that State, both in railroad ond goneral commeroial buainosa oirolos, {nasmuch ag the rallrond companios have intimated that thoy will have to ceaso to oporate thelr roads if the Iaw Is enforeed, taking tho ground that the new law will so diminish recoipts that they oan neither make dividends nor pay the intorest on tholr bondod debt. The Milwaukeo & St. Paul managers, in fact, contend that, undor the new law, tho yoar's workings, even taking tho most liboral estimate, would losvo the Company short $500,000 in the paymeont of intorost om honds alono; that thoy could not oporate tho road a weck ; andthat tho enforeomont of thio law woald be slmply tantamount to =& conflacation of the proporty. The presont condition of offairs has csused considerable anxioty thronghout the Btate, but more par- tienlary In Milwaukeo, whore the Intorruption of railway trafio would be most severely folt. The Milwaukee Sentinel of S8aturday contains tho views of somo of the most prominont -businesa men on the results of such a procecding, and, although they do not anticipate that the stop- vage will bo immediato, 88 the railroads declare that they will only stop whon the law is on- forcod,—an oporation which will take consider- able time, and involve an appeal to the Bupreme Court to tost the constitutionality of the law,— still they regard tho situation ss a vory grave one, aud one which must bo met by compro- Two of the most prominent businocsa men of tho city, Mr. MoLaren and Mr. Angus Bmith, gave substantislly the same opinion: That it wonld terminate a Iargo part of the lake trode, and drive shipping elsowhoro; that It would out off the moans of living from thousands, and paralyzo sll branohos of tradey that it would embarrass grain cone tracts, sond wheat elsowhoro, and causo the loss of largo sums of monoy; that its firat offoct “would be to stop the elovator business, nnd that the embarrassmonts arising from such a dead- lock wore almoet too scrious to imagine; and that the Jaw was tho work of coxtain politicians, who, being unable to curry favor with tho rail- _roads, had cunningly aroused a popular sonsi- tivoness on the subjoot of railrosd monopolies, and bad then takon advantage of ‘it to scouro tho passago of the prosent law. Another view i8 presonted by the roprosontativea of the rail- roads. They olaim, a8 wo have beforo said, that, tndor tho new law, thoy cannot oporate thoir ronds, and if the Buprome Court declares the law constitutional, then the traffio to which the law applies muat coaso,—that is, the local traffio. It would not matorially affeot the grain trade, as tho largor shipments aro from Minne- -gots, Yows, and Dakotz, and those would go through tho State as nsual, but Wisconsin traflo would bo Btifled. Billl anothor view of tho case is prosontoed by one of the most prominent anti- monopolists in tho Btato, who sffirma that the Supreme Court will uphold tho constitationality: of the law, and then if the sompanics rofuse to run thelr trains, the Btato will prosocuto thom _for conapiracy, and Tun tho tralna itself, the " stookholders being paid out of the earnings, and tho smrplus, if any, going into the Treasury. Moanwhile thore are varlons rumors afloat, and numorous plans aro prosonted, for the sola- tion of the difienlty, among them one for tho sppointmont of a Commission to invostigate tho accounts of tho ronds und-soo what roductions thoy can roally boar ; and anothor, to have tho wholo matter submitied to ean arbitrator,—tho Govornor being proferred,—who shall dooldo what ratos the law ought to chargo, Tho Mil- waukes & B8t. Paul Railroad Company has do- cldod tho quostion for iteolf by making s now tarift, of ita own, which we print olsowhoro, and which goes into effeot to-day, Tho Company bLas evidently acted wupon the hypothesis that, so long ss the road would bo ruinod under tho mew law, it oan bo oo worse to be ruined undor thelr own tarifr, whereas the lattor plan will, it they are proso- outed for violation, give them the advantago of' dofending their onno and oarrying it to tho Bu- promo Court, whoro they oan got & declslon upon tho constitutionality of the law, If it s pro- nounced unconstitutional, so much tho bottor for them} If tho rovorro, thon thoy are no worse off, thoy Bay, than if they Lad not violated tho Iaw, Tho now Milwsukoo & 8t. Paul tariff goos Into offoct to-day, and the now Wisconsin Inw to-morrow, and tho struggle between tho two will bo watched with excceding intorent. —eee GLUTTONS AND WINE-BIBBERS, Ta it possiblo that the crusading ladies havo made a mistako, and that, Instead of raxding ox- oluslvoly upon tho sparkling champagne, the smber shorry, snd the foaming boer, thoy should havo includod in their offorts an assault upon gluttony? Ia It possiblo that, Inatead of bealog- ing solely tho robust and florid Gambrinus, of exoroleing the ton thousand dovils who gob corked up in the wino-bottles, thoy ought tohave dirooted thelr alogo leo against Epleurus, oxor- clgod the flends which are rampant in a ohioken- ealad, and tacklod the worm which lios coiled up in hot mince-pla? Wo beliovo that all this is posaibloe. Wo beliove that overenting laysndire- ful train of physlcal disastor and sufforing, and sonds many victims to prematuro rest in the churoh-yard, It may notbo ns speody or sum- mary in ita results, but it ontails the enmo suro sufforiog, only rather moro prolonged, and its viotims aro going to the ssme station by slow’ froight, while tho others go by oxpross. Ina moral point of viow, wo see no ¢ssentinl differ- enco. If it boaein or a crimo to ovordrink, whereln {6 it loss a sin or & orimo to ovoroest ? Grant that whisky hos slain its thousands. Who shall count tho number of those upon whoso grave-stones might bo written, ** Died of Iobator-salad sud pate do folo gras?”" If cham- pogno has brought its thousands to the grave, over how many fs the grass now growing | who csmo to an untimely end from tho insidious clam and the inoxorable plum- pudding? e it not time that tho crusading phalanx, now that Gambrinua refusos to be dis- possoseed, turned theirattontion to the presiding Renfus of Gout? Let them invadoe tho mid- night oystor-aaloon, and bring convlotion to those Infatuatod boings who aro proparing thom- solves for tho undortaker with fried oystor, cold cabbage, snd hot coffoe. Lot thom march to our opora-housos, and, whon the opora is ovor, warn tho habitues from going to rostaursuts and foodivg upon oroams, and moringues, and snlnds. Lot thom go to our Logislatures and de- mand sumptuary laws for eating, and con- vinco logisiators thnt thoy aro not statos- men and patriots untll thoy bave passed laws supprosslog all indigestible 'stufl, snd making {t obligatory upon men and women to renounce ovorything thoy want, and only take what they don't want, for it is & painfal fact that mony of the nico thingsof this world aro hurt- ful. Whon they bave accomplishod this, thon lot them direct thoir oporatlons agsinst tho cooks, for if thoro is & monster of total deprav- Ity in this world wortby of o place alongside tho saloon-kaopor, it is tho average cook, It will ncod a1l the godly ballads of Stornhold and Hop- Lins to Inoulcate {n his gronsysoul the first prin- clpios of honesty, Integrity, and philanthropy a8 ipgrodients of cookory. IRON, AND IT8 MASTERS, An satoniehing thing has ocourred, The iron manufacture ia generally prostrated; more fur- nncos are idle than have been bofore for many yoars; and yet noither the manufacturora nor the hired advocntosof protection clamor for & highor tariff. For onco, terrible distrens and proatration in thia industry havoe ocourred at a timo whon tho pricos In this, sa compared with otlier countries, make it uttorly absurd to sup~ poso that our digaster 18 due to foreign competi- tion, To what, thon, {8 it duo? Mainly to that very tarift upon which protective philosophors have o confidently rolied to provent such indus- trial disorder. That this is but the simple truth ‘will appear if we oxamine closely the naturo and origin of the existing difenlty. About Lislf of the iron furnaces in tho country arealrondy idlo. Tho Crano Iron Works, which produce moro pig motal (85,000 tona yearly) than any other in the country, aro elosod ; the Ponn- sylvania Iron Company, of Danville, which em- ployad 2,000 men, ia dolog uothing; the Dun- oannon Works ; the Busquehanns Rolling-Afill, of Columbla ; O, E. Ponnock's rolling-mills, of Coatosville; tho Reading Hardware Works; the works of Guiffert, McManus & Co,, in the gamo city, and Rogers' mills, of Port Carbon, aroall sllont, A Reading dispatoh says, on the authority of *' partles prominently idenirfied with the trade,” that every furnace in Pennayl- vania will bo blown ont by Juno; anothor stato- ment, ln & Now York paper, asgerts on good authority that, after secrot meotings in the load- 1ug cltios of the country, the National Puddlers® Union held & gonoral conforence rocently at Reading, at which 120 forges wero ropresonted by delogates from every iron-producing Btato in tho Union, and that a genoral suspension of work was resolved upon, and is now imminent, The immedlato or apparent causo is & reduc- tion of 20 por cent in wages sinco the panio. Against this reduction tho mon protest, saying that they cannot live upon the roduced wagos ; and it was in apswor to threats of a general striko on this ground that the Cambria Company closod ite works, snd likewise the Orane Company and othor large establishments. . Yot tho workmen are getting much bigher wages evon now than they did in 1860, whon thero was general prosperity snd satiafac- tion, According to tables compiled by the Boo- rotary of the Iron and Steel Association, and printed in the Tron Age, tho cost of labor to tho ton of finished bsriron is now $10.02, and in 1800 was only $10.00, mor a8 1t highor in auy year bofore the war, according to his tables, than’ 815,12, tho avorage in 1854, What is tho diffi- oulty? Thore can bo but one anawer: the cost ot living in iron.making towns hns Incrensed ab least 88 muclh as the wages of the workmen, But lowis it with the manufacturer? Doos not overy turnaco show, for answer, ite immense pilo of thousands of tons of iron, unsold, un- “ealablo, and stacked up waiting for buyors? Notwithstanding somo salos aro made §2 to 88 .per ton bolow what the Zron Age statos to bo the actunl cost of tho pig motal at the furnace, still groat quantitics romain for which thoro are no offors whatover. Tho Iron Age counsels makers to "blow in no furnaces now atanding idlo until thoro aro unmistakablo indicatlons of an improvemont - in the trade gront enough to warrant an incremsed production.” An intelligont Iron manufacturor, 1 a lottor to tho samo papor, snya that “Tho prosent;produes tlon of the oountry is far boyond its presont ro- quiremeonts, and, unloss somo, sensible move, tonding to limit the produotion, is made by the furnace-men, the manufacture of pli iron will for the next throe yoars rosult In a loss to the makor.,” That this intelligent manufacturer etates the roal caueo of tho difffoulty is nroved by the slatistics givon in tho roport of tho Iron snd Btool Asgoolation, which states the annusl capaoity of all tho fournaces In the United Btates at 4,871,277 not tons, whilo our ao- tual produst during tho last full year precoding the panlo—nawmely, tho year onding Juno 80, 1878—was about 2,808,110 tons, and our Imports during the eamo timo sbout 008,514 tons, 80 thal tho entiro quantity supplied for consumption during that poried could not have oxcended 8,771,624 tous, and, ‘aa tho quantity ox- ported during that porlod was not more than 10,000 toms, tho entire consumption of this country during tho yesr onding June 80, 1878, was loss than the quantily reported to tho Iron and Bteol Assoclation {n Novembor lset asthoans nual oapaeity ot our own furnacesalono by about 89,063 tons, It is only nocossary to add that & very large proportion of the consumption in 1872-3 was in railroad iron, and in that, sain other roapecta, the consumption hassinco groatly docrensed. It {s argued by a Ohic ago paper that the pros- {ratton of tho iron industryis causod by lack of ourronoy. ‘Tho ssmo papor, it Is but fair to add, nggorts that * 680 furnaces are out of blastin Ponnsylvanls,” whoroas tho latost report of the Iron and Stool Agsociation atatos that ** Tho total numbor of furnacos in the Uniled Slates, exolu- sivo (of abandonod and projectod furnacos, is 630." = 1t is scarcely worth while to reply to the arguimoents of a paper B0 igno- rant; but tho letter of an 1ntelligent manufacturer, already quoted, vory senalbly saya: “The panio had nothing whatevor to do with the stern faots, but only brought ua to a quicker re- slization of them. If tho panic had not taken place, the samo low prices and dullness would now oxlst.” If this statomont Is not conclusive, it 18 ouly necesenry to quoto tho latest roport of tho Iron and Bteel Assoclation, which showa that the docline in prices began aa early as 1873, and aftor a rally In January, 1878, continnod rapidly through that yoar, monthe boforo the panlc oo- ourred. Tho report rofors to “tho natural tondonoy of high prices to restriet consumption; " and to ““ the forced subsidenco at the closo of 1872 of tho fever for building Westorn raliways,” nnd adds, *‘in some other branches of business, usually roquiring largo supplios of iron, oon- sumption was conslderably curtailed at tho samo poriod.” This, thén, was tho beginning of tho ronotion, long bofore tho curroncy disordor or panio, and yot it appears that, notwithstanding tho reduction of consumption, fourteon now fur- uaces wore comploted in Pennsylvanla in 1878, and thirty-two moro commenced, and that in Ohilo three woro finishod 1n the same yoar, and soventeon more commenced | and tho report of tho Association assorts that, *' by the erection of those eighty-three furnacos (put in blast within tho last two years), the furnnco capacity of tho country has been increasod fully one-fourth " s 1t not now plain that the canse of genoral prostration ia that wo have artificlally stimulated production far boyond the noods of the country ? A blossod protactive tarift hired people (at the public expense) to go into the iron business. Mon woro taught to believe that inorease in «quantity produced was a proof of national pros- pority, The enormous profits realized under this systom tompted everybody to put monoy into furnnces. No protective philosopher had tanght that any dieastor could possibly come as long a8 the tariff remained unreposled. In the olection of 1872 tho poople declared that tho blossed tarif should not bo repealed, and that ‘more people should be paid (at public expense) for patriotically golng into tho iron businesa. And now, bohold, it is suddenly discovored that oour furnaces will produco 580,000 tons of iron yoarly more than tho largest consumption of this country, of foreign and domestic iron both, in any year in our historyl Just then, the tarift Liaving 80 oppressed agriculturo that the farmers bogan to move against railroads, the building of railroads ceased. And it comos to pass, 88 8 logical and nocess ary consequence, that s good many poople who have put money into iron- making must go bankrupt, snd a good many furnacos, bullt at tho public oxpenso, must ba loft to idlencss ond ruin, bofore snybody can mokoe money at tho iron manufacture in this ocountry. . Doos thispsy? Had thers been no srtificial ‘barrlor betwoon this and other countries, tho inoronso of production wonld have been less rapid, but the proatration would have been far losa sovero and lasting. Isita good thing that wo have put many millions into furnnces Which must now go tornin ? But these are the fruita of ‘“protection to American industry”! We trust its advocatos are pleasod with ita workinge, —————— CAPITAL AND LAEOR. England bids fair to bo tho battlo-ground on which thogreat questions of 1abor will be settlod. Bho is the theatro of gigantio co-operative on- torprisos, undertaken and controlled by working- mon, B8ho has been the acono of some of the longost atrikes kmown to history,—strikos which havo rained whole communities and wasted mill~ ions of pounds sterling, Bhe possessos perhaps tho strongest Trades-Unions in the world, which have pitted against thom the uniquo Assocla- tlon of the Federated Employers of Labor,” which wo degcribed tho other day. 8he, alons smong nations, las o gront longuo which binds together tens of thousands of agricnltural laborers,~~not farmers, And now she has on hor bands, as ono rosult of this leaguo, & lock-out that concerns Amorlca very nearly and involves the possibla solution of the most voxed quostion in England —that of land. A The agricultural laborers of the Esatern coun- tion agked for fourtoen shillings,~sbout £8.50 & wook. Thoy woro gatting thirteon, Tho requoest iseald to have boon nocompanied by the threat of astrike, Tho farmors at once formod » look- out, and havo now thrown thousands of men ont of omployment. Tho lattor aro supported by tho National Laborors® Union, and by contribu-’ tions from thoe public and the Trados-Unions. They are leaving tho Eastern countios in such numbors that it scems as if tho farmors there might be unable to get any Lolp at all horeaftor. Other gectious of England are bidding for their labor, Bir. Joukins, of ** Qinx’s Baby" renown, now M. P, and Canadian Agent in London, 18 or- ganizing immigration to tho Dominion. Now Zoaland and Queensland aro offering freo pas- sagos and bonuses in monoy and land, And, of courss, an onormous omigration to this country is talked of.” It isin this way that the mattor concorna ua. Unable to glve full work to tho men alroady hore, Wo aro tureatoned with tho additional burden of somo thoussnds of pen- viloss loborors. Lot Cannds take them sud waelcome. The trouble ia oxoiting a lively interest in England, Tho Blshop of Manchester Lag writ- ton a remarkablo lottor in bohalf of the laborers. Ho says thelr demand is just. Fourtcon ehil- linge Is little onough to live on, ~ Tho land-own- ors, who aro piding with tho fsrmors and eject- ing their Iaborer-tenants, will rue their sotion. If the farmers apnnot vay thils rentaand falr wagos besldoe, thon, saya the Dlshop, rents muat como down, “In this ho strikes the koy-noto of thotroublo. Land brings suok onormous pricos, on account of tha political and soclal influsnce its ownership implios, that it has to bo lot at fanoy rates, Ifthiaiacbangod, if Iand bocome chonp, RO that tho massoa can get Lold of it, tho torritorlal arlatoornoy, with all the Intorosts, arlstooratio and royal, connected with It, will bo shaken. Theso would bo strange rosults from s quarrol betwoen & handful of farmors and a lov of wrotchod starvelings littls bottor than serfa. —————ere MEXICO AND MISSIONARIES, They murdor miseionarios with groat doxterity in Moxico. ‘If wo are to tako tho Inat inatance,— tho assassination of the Rov. Mr, Btepbons, at Alualuloo,—88 & type, tho usual modus operandi sooma to bo about as follows : Tho parish-priost proaches a sermon on the nocessity of ** outting down a troo whiob boars bad fruit,” Tho con- grogation acts upon tho hint st once, The misslonary's houso is bombarded with stonos. Ho comes out and {8 promptly knooked down. Sovon Moxicans to tho equare inch begin to beat and klok bim. Whilo this plous procoss ia going on tho military guard of the village comes up and puta an end to the row for tho timo boing by Bring & volloy at—tho missionary, This fin- ishos him, The guard, covored with glory, re- tires. Tho mob comes back, kills & Moxican friend of the murdored man, ond closon the afternoon's ontortainment with an aulo-da-fe of horetioal books and papors. Tho theo- logical students of the town then writo to tho other American olorgyman rosi- dont thero, Informing him that ho bad botter go homo, and hinting that the * vile Amoricans and unnatural Mexicans” who have aided and exulted in the recont oxpulsion of foreign Josuits from the country may find polson in thelr food or & dagger in thoir throats, This sounds lke 8pain. Itis a pity that tho Spsnish Amoerican Provinces, whon thoy rovolted, did not sover both the soclal and tho political links be- tweon themsclves and their despot, ThoSpanish blood tolls till, and tolls by shedding other blood. Tho Mexican Government {3 taking ace ttvo mensures to bring tho murderors of Mr. Btophona to justico. —————— VITAL STATISTIOS OF PARIS, A rocont papor In the Revue des Deux Mondes, by M. AMaximo du Camp, brings ont gomoe start- ling faotaxolative to births, marriagos, sud deaths in Paris. ‘Tho last consus of tha ity was mado fn 1872, aud the wholo population at that timo was 1,851,793, of which number scarcoly onc-third woro to tho manor born. Tho Paris- {ans proper countod 042,718, whilo 1,091,865 were from tho provincos, and 177,200 strangors to the Ropublie. Tho fgures given in regard to tho diminution of births are very striking, In 1808 it was shown boforo the Acadomy of Medicine that in fivo years tho population of France had inororsed only 88 in 10,000; fn 1872 this small proportion was still further diminish- ed, there being only 16 in 10,000. In Taris, from 18068 to 1869, the birth-rate was 59,208, ahout 824 to every 10,000 people, Whilo in 1871 only 87,410 births wero rogistered. As to mar- rlagoa M. Da Camp sayat * Tho union of two poople, young, healthy, and intolligent, is one of tho rarost things to be met with in Paris,” aud hourges thia a8 the resson why birtha are in such small proportion to marriages, and young 1ite is s0 brutslly destroyed. With regard to tho desth-rate in Parts, M. Du Comp eaya: From 1665 to 1860 the deaths were 46,831 annually, Tn 1672 thero woro 45,762 deaths, but betweon 1800 and 1872 what exact number of peoplo in Paris diod there nover will bo known, save that it ocourred in vast proportions, It scoms cortain that the obituary reo- ord during theso years wag groator than during the cholera soason of 1832, In August, 1870, tho doaths for the month In Paris wore 4,043, about tho normal fAiguro ; but in Boptembor it incrossed to 5,222 ; n Oo- tober it was 7,643, and jn Novembor had swollon to 12,885, In tho yoar 1870 Parls loat by doath the foar- ful number of 73,663, Tho capital was suffering then from cold sud hungor, but in tho beglaning of 1671 ‘mattors were oven worss, Think of it! In Janusry tho record saya 10,233 poople died in Poris ; then the city fall, snd In Fobruary thera was a decronso of 3,000 \deaths, Eighteon hundrod and .goventy-ono was, however, & sad yesr for human lifo, as, from war sud poatilence, the doaths smounted to 86,760, It I8 ap- palling to sum the mortusry counta of those two dreadful yoars—1870 and 1671—which foot up 160,820, Tho doaths caused by Prussian shot and sholl, ¢ the blood and 'fron regime,” woro insignificant, scorcaly worth counting, only somo 6,083 fn all, Whon wo di- vide this fearful holocaust {ute ita proportion of men and women, we find that of the 160,000 who perishod 1n Paris 70,387 were woton, Thua does Paris pay the ponalty of its galoty, its folly, and its vico. ‘It bodos ill for & Republio which ghows such a record of infantloide, of badly-sssorted marriages, and foarful death- rates. . Tt is not diffloult to forcsco wheroe a Re- | public with & conetantly-diminishing population must end. Throe indepondent scientific obaervora have recently como to the conclusion that the ques- tion of gox is dotermfned by the amount of food consumod during early dovelopment. Mra, Mary Troat lins boen experimonting on butterfly- lorvo, She finds that those which are stinted in food bocome males, while those sbundsntly: supplied with it devolop into fomales. These vlews, if they came wholly from this feminine source, might be auspectod of bias. They are, howevor, confirmed by tho rescarohos ‘of Mr. Gontry, who has just rend 8 papor on the sub- jootbofore the Philadelphis Academyof Natural Belonces. In tho summor of 1871 he confined the larvio of several species of moths, and when thoy were within a week orso of their final change ho gavo them no food for four or five days. ‘At tho ond ot that time most of them wera in coooous. The rest were wandering sbout, apparontly gearching for food. The Iatter woro romoved to another box and givon plenty to eat. With ‘but- two oxcoptions they proved to.bo fomales. All of tho firat batch became malos, Thero wore about sixty in both lota. Other ex- poriments of Mr. Gentry corroborated this firat one. Ho regsrds tho following somewhat odd stotements ns proven fagts; Whon larvm sro fod on bad or poor food they bocoma malos. Thus, in the fall, when tho loaves on which they feod are shrivoled and al- mokt eaploss, thoy become males, slmost without oxcoption. Early in life, tho soxes can- not 'bo dlstinguishod, A portioular germ of moth-life can. be developed at will into male or fomale by denying it or giving it food, Tho third obsorver is Mr. Thomas Moohan, who has been onlightening tbo Philadolphia Acadomy on tho Bubject of tho juglans nigra. This, as of ocourso overybody knows, is tho black walnut. In tho flowering season it boars tlrce kinds of buds, Thoso which draw hoavily on tho troo’s vital force becomo fominine flowers. Thoso whioh moke less domand .upon 1t bopome masculine, This coincldence in the animal apd vegotablo kingdoms 18 prima jfacie ovidoneothatthe quantity anaquality of food jsan important olomont in dotorninlug tho sox of the embryo, aven though its Influence {s loss than thesa throo sclentiaty ascribo tot. It 18to b hoped that tho oxperiments will be continued in rogard to other plants aud animals, Tho theory can bo onaily teatod on stook-farms or In troe- nurserios. 5 PR . Jay Gauld {a befara the world once moro, As usual, he flgures in & law-suit. The sum fn- volved 1s §10,000,000, and Gould, Biduoy Dillon, and tho Union Pacifio Rajlroad are defondauts, Milard M, Bimpson is the plaintiff, and tha ob- feot of the suit 13 to comuel tho delondants to mako paymont of subscriptionas to thostook ta moot tho olatms of oroditors, The sult fabaged upe on incomo-bonda of tho Ruilroad Companyto the amount statod, soourod by & deed of trust plodge Ing tho rovenuos of the rond to thelr seaurity, and dated Bopt. 1, 1800, Tho priucipal and Ine toreat of thoso bonda fall dno on Sopt. 1, 1874, Tho plainti® nllogos that tha dood of trust was nover placed on rocord; that in Docomber, 1878, the Reilrond Company exeouted & new mortgago, purporting to bo a lion on the rords, equipment, and land-grants of the Company immodistoly, and containing no mention of tho deed of trust in favor of tho income-bondholders, o thorefore prags that tho dofondants boenjolned fromaltor. ~ ing or trausforring tho cortificates of stock of the Unlon Paciflo until tho payment of the principal of tho income-bonds, or uutil the dofondanta shall havopatd tho subscription upon thoir stook to an amount oqual to the debts; and furthor asks that tho Company bo decroed to asmoss stookholders for tholr subsoriptions to tho smount of the dobts of the corporation, ——— An East Boston orusader, dolighted with the succoss of mora!l suasion upon whisky-gollers, ondoavorod to try's little of it on a conflrmed whisky-drinkor. Mooting two policomen having In tow » raving hag, sho appealed to them:to take thoir prisoner to hor own comfortabla houso, which thoy did, not betng abla to refuse & lady. The woll-meaning missionnry's indisoract zoal bronght its merited punisument, Tho hag, once Installod in tho kitchen, toll into her nore mal condition, and thereupon shocked her beno< {faotroes with langnago such as the poor woman probably never heard before. Tho crusading lady's remonatrancos exoited her guest to faore ther domonstrations, and in a fow minutos soarcoly & sound plece of crockery was to ba found in the kitchen. The lady of the house ‘was abouttoabandon her dwolling in alarm, whon hor husband, coming up, caliod for Lelp and hauds ad thoe “unfortuuate ereatura™ aver to the polica, The moral would have boen sufficlently well pointed.if no further dovelopmonts had boon made. But an oromination of the woman's pooketa rovealod soveral notes valuod at about $600, probably stolon. The gentimentality of the crusading 1ady not only resulted in personal losa to horself, but might posaibly have wronged others In 8 much groator degreo. —_— Bolentifio investigations have recontly boon co= ordisiatod in Paris for tho purpose of a singla experimont, and that, too, with vory intoresting rosulta. - A balloon was constructed to test tho, effect of o proper supply of oxygen upon tha' human systom at & groat helght. To sscuro tha desired altitude without inconvonience, the nirq ship was' kopt In rendiness for & moment whon the atmosphero was in porfect roposs, Tha atorm-signal-posts of Europe woro on tho alort for such an occasion, and when they unanimois« Iy prodictedl a calm of somo duration, the vessol wns freed from her moor« Inge and rose porpendicularly ovor the city. The car was furnished with an apparatua for gonerating oxygoen, and this was froely used at a hoight of 24,600 foot. The spectroscope.at this point Indicated the prosonco of no aqueous vapor, and the solar rays were nearly invisible. The polnt of Intorest was tho dlacovery that the blackness of the sky at groat altitudes was nott actual but apporent. Whon mnot ueing tha oxygen-rospirator, the sky sppeared as black an apall. When froely respiring oxygon, the blua color wna restorad. This dlscovery will probably bo mado the fonndation of many practical resulta of groat honoflt in a eanitary poiut of view. e G ST Advocatos of cremation havebeon gratified with the cheapness and general good results obtainod from an slleged oxporiment made in Philadol- phis, Tho operator was s druggist of that city, and tho subject his son, prematurely doceased for the purpose of {llustrating the beauty snd cheopness of tho theory. The total oxpenso of this undortaking wes $08.50, about half thatof adecent funeral. Tho principal item of oxe penso was an iron boilor, mado to order, at m cost of $50, which, with the othor item of $28 fora furnace, witl Do deducted from the éx« penses of the mext experiment, leaving the druggist an’ anticlpated outlny of $18.50 for hig noxt operstion. Unfortunately for the croma- tionists, the storyhad a sequel. It was explained afow dnys’ afterwards thsttho narrative wal written for & joko, to be publishod on Apri Fool's day, but, owing to tho pressura of advers tisomonts, had beon * crowded out " for {hroa woeka.: P ¢ THE GERMANIA INSURANCE COMPANY. To the Editor of The Chicaao Tridune : Sm: It seems tome that, in placing the ealo of the Hosing notes boforo the people, those in« terested have tried to crento a false impression. In my viow, it did not involve a sale of past-dua paper, and tho consequent bankruptoy of Mr. Hesing. It was smply a quostion of how mucly would the collatoral which was pledged sell fory ouly this, and nothing moro. " Mr. Hesing gave Lis note over two years ago for that money, puit~ ting up with it, s« coliatoral scourity, 170 shares of the stook of tho Staats-Zeitung Company,, and. . giving . tho legal holder of the mote, whoover ho might Do, power to sell tho atock when tho note became due, provided it was not paid. Asitwasnot puid, atter waiting 8o long, it becamo the duvy of the Assignoo, holding & encred trust, to nct as any private individual wonld have dono, and sell tho collateral for what it would Lring ; aud, if it would not sell for anough to pay the face of- the noto and interest, to collect tho balance ; and if, a8 in this caso, it would havo sold for more, to pay tho balance over to tho maker of tho note, As the atock is worth 200, and could have been sold for 150, or $20,« 500, the mesertion that the Gormania creditors could gt only 20 conts on tho dollar. from the Hoaing noto {s falso, As the note was made . so loug ago, it waa antirely boyond the control of any bankrupt or othor conrt (except arbitrarily) to do anything with the procceds of the sala until this noto was firsl satisfied. Wo, outsido the ring, cannot understand why tho nota of Hosing was treatod difforontly from tho other dobtors of the =~ Company. Why wore uot his note and ' collaterals advertised and gold at public anlo, a8 wore tho rost? Instend, lottors wero sent £0 a seleot fow, and thera kooma to havo beon au undorstauding smong all hands that,the sale should not be for more than a nominal price. For whoso benefit ? Certainly not for the bmuofit of the policy-hoid. ors of the Gormania, who have boen walting sa loug for the pittanco they are to recoive. GERMANIA. ODD-FELLOWS’ FESTIVALS. Special Dispatch to The Chicaao Tribune, HouxtingroN, Ind.,, April 26.—The fifty-fifth anniversary of Odd-Fellowship in this county was oclobrated hero to-dny. A largoe number of Odd-Fellown from this and neighboring couns ties participated., There was & lengthy procos« sion, and members of tho Ordor in full regalia nraded tho etreets. Tho Itev.' A. Marion, of Fort Wayno, delivered a flne oration, The affolr waa a grand success In overy respect. pecial Dispateh to The Chicago Tribune, Laronte, Ind., April 25,—The colobration of the Mt{-uuh anniversary of tho inatitution of 0dd-Fellowship in tho United Btatos will be held in Michigan Oity on Monday, and promiscs to bo » grand affair, "All the Lodges in tho northorn part of Indiana and southern part of Miohigsn will attend. 1t ie proposed to make a groat pub- Yo aisplay wnn\:‘y of the Ordor and the great principlos of Odd-Fellowship. e S i S PARTON ON CONSERVATISM. New Youx, April 26.—James Parton, who waa recontly electod Prosidont of the Liberal Olub, taok tho obair Inst ovoniug at tho session of thab body, and mako & sbort speoch, in which he said: Wo aro upon the vorge, if not in the midst, of a genoral remotion from what are ueually called livoral principlos of governmont by the renpln for tho peoplo, the equal brothor- hood of men, the right of each man and womnn to shuro ju tho practical guidauce of publio affairs,” In proof of this, ho iustanced Gor- 1wnuy, whore the victories of the lzto war have brought to the front thoe conservativo forces and men, and pushod baok out of sight the men and thoughts and dreams of twenty yoars ago—~Fn« nd, with Disraoli and ‘tho Counservative party n pawer, and France, with Machahon for Preafs dont. In the Unitod Btates this consorvative ronotion {8 very wir d will d Eonuifost lteelt 'y slrovg, m_v\u uot dalav to