Subscribers enjoy higher page view limit, downloads, and exclusive features.
THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, APRIL 12, 1874. ————— S ———— TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE TXENE OF SUDECRIPTION (PAYABLE IN ADVLSF.:),, aly, bymal....- 81200 Sondar 230 Tri-Weekly.. e G.OO| Week .00 Parts ot a year at the samorate. 2 To provent delay and mistakes, bo sure and givy Post Of.ce address in full, including Stato end Couaty.~ ‘Remittances may be made either ‘by druft, express, Post Office order, orin registered letters, at ourrisk. ZERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIDENS. Dafly, delivered, Sunday exceptod, 25 cente pey week. Daily, celivered, Sunday included, 30 cents 1mp‘we¢k. Address THE TRIBUNE COHPA!YY, Corner Madison and Dearbora-st Chlecage, Il NTS. TO-MORRO' EMY OF JMUSIC—Halstod stroet, between Mad- O o, Engagomont of John MeCuljoogh. *“The Gladiator.™ LEY’S TEEATRE-Randolph rtroet, betwosn CHQOLET S aduile, - Encagemeat of Miss Katborize Rogers. '* An Unogual Match." "WICKKR'S THEATRE—Madison streot. hetween R Ciata Prssgement of Bisa Jatio Coombs. arborn and § **Romeo and Jullet.” - t, botween MYERS' OPERA-HOUSE-Monre stresl, JOITIC, d te. n, Cotton, and praserang sute,_ Aetiaon, Colen *HLlCont *#The Bordor Lily.! 2 VARIETIES—Desplainesstrect, betmoen Mad- bfu’fig,;vhnumn. ‘Fugagoment of the Lisa Weber Troupe. Variety performanco. TRE—Comner of Wabash svenua A A Ssamermoat of Haverly's Minstrels. MICK MUSIC.-HALL—North ark etreot, cor OO, . Richings-Do g Uhe Chicagy Tribune. Sundsy Morning, April 12, 1874. THE SBUNDAY QUESTIOR. The Sundsy-Afiernoon Lectnre Course has revived, on o emaller scaloand in & better tone, the discussion of the supposed obligation resting on the human race to observe the first day of the week asa day of religions devotion. Tpe Presbyterian clergymen have had one meeting on the subject, and are to havo another. Thus far they have treated it in a ‘becoming gpirit, - and, while, it is very likely they will “besr their testimony” in secord- ance with the provailing New England ides, it is also likely that it +will beless denuncia~ tory than it would have been ten or fifteen years ago. There hasbeena great deal of ‘‘Sabbath- breaking " in this intorval, but religion has not ‘been perceptibly harmed thereby, and, indeed, it 1a coming to bo understood that gloom ia not the ‘best promoter of religion after all The Puritan Sebbath, to which many of us ook back with fondness, albeit irksome enough when we were young, exists only in quiet New England towns. Everywhere else, communities aro drifting, 2s 8 whole, towarda the theory that the first day of the week should boa day of en- joyment rather than of penance—and this, too, tpon Bible grounds. The tendency is & very marked one. It is worth the while of the friends of the old system to consider whether their rigid theory is foundedin fact, and whether its rigidity hns not something to dowith the tendency afore- gaid. Thooldidea isthatno play, noamusement, no reading of non-religious books or papers,—noth- ing, in short, seve attending and performing re- ligions exercises,—is allowable from midnight of Baturdsy to midnight of Sonday. At 11:59 Sat- urday night you may read Burns. Ono minute Iater you must exchange it for Baxter. This is tho extreme view. Comparatively few people carry this theory to its logical outcome, bot it lies at the baso of the belief that Sunday bas been .made sncred by God's direct command. Curiously enoungh, this command says not a word about not playing or notenjoying ourselves, and not a word about the first day of the week. It is an ordor that the Jows should not work on the seventh day, and snonld keep it holy. Lecauso the New Testa- ment casuslly mentions two or three meetings of Christians on the first day of tne weck, which happened to be the day of the Resurrection, it is assumed that we sre all divinely com- manded to observe Suondey in & par- ticular maonner. On tho other hand, Psul repudiates the obligation of ‘“kecping Bundsy,” in two noted passages. He makes each man's conscience the sole guide. The early Church knew nothing of the Puritan Sun- day. Labor was permitted on the first day of the week for centuries after Christ. The day was observed with no more respect than were all the Saints’ festivals. When an edict of the Em- peror Constastine (himsclf 2n uncertain con- vert) finally set it spart, and forbade work during the mscred hours, agricultural lsbor was especially exempted from the interdict. Calvin is 8aid to have played bowls after morn- ing-church during the height of his spiritual rule in Geneva. Luther visited, entertained, played his flute, and othorwieo enjoyed himself on’Sundsy. It is only in Scotland, England, and America that the oppomite rule prevails. On the Continent the day is a festival. Germany observes it in a most joyous fashion. The shops are shut. Everybody has s holiday. Inthe morn- ing the family go to church. Intheafternoon and evening they go to & beer-garden, a theatre, or au opera-house. - They meet in such places gl their friends, including the minister who preached to them in the morning. Thus the day goes by, giving everybody rest and pleasure, and, if he chooses to take it, religions instruction. The world must have s dayof rest. It is a physical necessity. The weekly division of time mekes it woll to take ono day in each week for this purpose, and custom makes Sunday the best day to take. Persons who wish to devete all or any part of it to prayer and praise should, of course, be protected from disturbance while doing eo. Persons who do not wish to spend the dsy thus should also bo pro- tected from dieturbance. It is atleast incum- bent upon thoee who wish to forbid all non-re- ligious enjoyment on that day to bring forward cne or two reasonable arguments in support of their assertion that God has commanded us to devote those especial twenty-four hours wholly to religious decds. What is really needed is more religion on week-days. If onr “‘walk and conversation ™ were more thoronghly patterned sfter the spirit of Jesus Christ on Monday and Tuetday, we could afford to dispense wholly with the eupposed commands of Moses relative to Sanday. — e Dancing is rapidly going out of fashion in Europe, because it has become no longer an art, bot 3 moans of flirting, and men and women find they can flirt just a8 conveniently and pleas- antly in other ways. InEngland onlyyoungsters con.‘.ingn to dance, oxcept on certain formal oc- casions. The only place which keeps up dancing in all its glory is Dakomey. A letter-writer from that part of tho world esys that, whenevera traveler comes into & village, the Governor wel- comes him with a dance, and also executes one when he goes away. The King, however, is the premier danseur. At the aunual customs, a court-ceremonial which iasts for monihs, drink- ing, firing of guns, aud beheading of squads of people are each and all, like 20 many acts in a drams, diversified by an interval of dancing, per- formed by the King himself, Thereisa great deal more of philesophy in the remark of the Persian Morarch, who wondored tbat peoplo would tire themselves out dancing when they could hire others to doitfor them, than has usually been atiributed to him. —ee A CHAPTER OF HISTORY. A correspondent of the New York Tribune far- nishes that paper some interesting reminiscenges on the subject of American paper-money. An ‘English clergyman visited the American Colonies, and on his return, in 1753, published a book. In the following passage be refers to the then-ex- isting paper-monoy of New England : The Novanglians in general, the Rhodo Islanders in ., aro the only peoplo on earth whohave hit on the art of enriching themselves by running in debt. This will remain no longer o mystery thap I have re- 1ated to your Honor that we have no money smong us but depreciated paper-currency ; and this in the cur— rent of thirty years hes dwindled down from 64 and &4 to 48 per ounce., He who dispoees of his goods on long credit, and another who lends his money ot 103 and even 15 per cent, tho first loses his profits, and the last some of his principal, beside all tho intercst. Indeed, anewact of the British Porliament, ill-penned, was passed last winter to restrain us ; but such {bings are only bruta fulmina, and we shall go oz, I doubt, in theold way of paper emissions, unless the Lord, in mercy to us, ahould dispose the sovercign power to Yacate our patent, nnd prevent our destruction by taking us ont of our own hands, That was & hundred and twenty years ago, and yet ths majority of the American Senate and the American Congress at this day propose to repeat the folly of the Rhodo Islandors. A Benator even from Rhode Tsland voted last week tomake tho country rich by issuing more depreciated pa- per-money. Tho people of Rhode Yelaud ad- hered to their worthless money, and thirty years Iater it formed the great obstacle to her joining the other States in forming the Union. In 1787 that State refused to send dolegates to the Con- vontion to form a National Constitution, andMr. Madison, in a letter to Edmund Randolph, thus commented on the proceeding : Rhode Island has negetived 3 motion for appolnting dcputies to the Convention by s majority of 22 votes. Nothing ean exceod the wickedness and folly which continuo to reign there, All geneo of charscter as well 8 of right 18 obliterated. Paper-money gtill their idol, though it ia debased to cight for one. In 1787 James N. Barnum thus described the inflationists of Rhode Island, in a letter to Geo. Washington: The majority of the Assembly are a licentious num- ‘ber of men destitute of sducation, and many of them void of principle. From anarchy and confusion they derivo their temporary conscquence, and this they en— deavorto proloug by debauching the minds of fho common people, whose attention i8 wholly devoted to the abolition of debts, publicand private. With these aro nasociated the dissilected of every description, par- ticularly those who were unfriendly during the war. Their poper-money system, founded in oppression and fraud, thoy ars determined to support at every hazard, and, rather than relinguish their favorite pursult, thoy trample upon tho most eacred obligations. he National Constitution was completed in September, 1787, and submitted to the several States. Rhode Island was opposed to the rati- fication of the Coustitution, becanse of the clauze prohibiting States from emittiny bills of credit, or making anything else than gold and silver o legal tender. It was mot until May, 1790, that that State ratified the Constitution and becsme & member of tho Union. Washington had been President, and the Government in operation, more than & yesr before s majority in Rhode Island could be obtained to give up thelocal “legal tenders.” Morton aud Butler, Logan and Oglesby, are but plasing the same part in 1874 that these Rhode Island demagogues did ninety years ago. ‘*Money backed by the woalth and property of the whole State of Rhode Tsland ” was good enough for the people of that State, said tho Logans and Mortons of the Providence Plantations. 1t was true it was nob worth more than a fow cents on the dollar, but {Ln 10 Was ** plenty " and It Was ** clieap,” 80Q the State conld say that she had moro money *¢ per capita ” than any other Stato. Inthe Federalist, among the arguments in favor of the adoption of the Constitution, occars the following, from the pen of Mr. Madison : The loss which Americs has sustained since the peace from tho pestilent effects of paper-money on tho necessary confidence between man znd man, on tho Docossary confidenco in tho public counsels, on the indostry snd morals ¢t the people, and on tho charac- ter of republican government, constitutes an enor- mous debt againat the States chargeable . with this un- advisod measure, which must long remain unsatisfied ; or, ratlrer, an accumulation of guilt which can bo ex~ piated no otherwise than by a voluntary sacrifice on the altar of justico of the power which has been the instroment of it. In the Convention to frame a Constitution, the clause authorizing the Government to * emit bills on the credit of the United States " was stricken out by s vote of nino States to two. Atthat time paper-money was the great evil, and it was correctly assumed that there could be no nation- al credit until it was abolished and prohibited, and gold and silver alono made a legal tender. If there ever was a time of peace when tho issue of a national paper-currency might be consid- ered o ** necessity,” it was when thenew Govern- ment was created; when it had neither money, nor credit, nor commerce, nor wealth; when the peoplo” woro g0 scattered and the means of commercial communication so few,—then, if ever, thero was a demand for cheap and plentiful money backed by the property of the whole na tion. But the men of that day had the example. of other nations befors them; they were wit- nesses of tho digeful fact that all *confidence betweon man and man” had been destroyed by paper-morey, and that there was but the one courso to pursue to establish and maintain a nationsl credit, and that was to exclude poremp- torily all authority, either in the General Gov- ernment or in tho States, to issue paper-money, or to ever maké anything but gold and sil- vorlegal tender. Wo hzve scen tho “pestilent offects of paper-money " quite s sensibly sinco 1865 as it was scen ot the time of the founde- tion of the Government. For nino years, during which we have been at peace, the national credit has been dishonored. The overdue paper of the Government has ‘been s national reproach, and it bas remained depreciated. A few steps towards redemption would soon make it equal to gold, yet both ouses of Congress have voted down every broposition looking to s redemption of the carrency, and have voted to increase tho amount of the irredecmable paper. A writer in the London Times thus taunts tho American people : THE IUTLADELPRIA EXHIDITION. To fhe Editor of the London Times = Bm: Can.you charitably inform your resders ‘whether there will be a Finance Department ™ at the projected Ezhibition at Philadelphia, where tho hold_ ers of American “securities ™ will be able to exhibit to the world samples of their conpons which havo been returned to them unpald, snd of such of their bonds or other Ameriesn securitics 38 are under the ban of # repudiation 77 Your obedlent servant, INvESTOR. In the light of the recont votes in Congress this fling at our national credit has increased eharpness. Just imsgine the exhibition of sev- eral huodred millions of national paper, “*sealed with tho best blood of the Union,” ped- dled in the brokers' offices at an hourly changing rate of deprecistion; while Congress votes to pronounce it wholly irredeemable, and to in- eresse its amount. Coneress practically pro- poses to placo the credit of the TUnion where that of the Colonies was in 1783, when, a5 Mr. Madison ssye, confidence between man and man was destroged, and the nation was helpless, and without credit and without money. ——ee AN EXPERIMENT IN CO-OPERATION. The largest co-operative enterprise in England has been managed by members of the British Civil Service. This may have suggested the plan now mooted emong the Government clerks at Washington. Our kmowledge of it is derived from its advertisoment. We must not be under- stood ag indorsing this particalar scheme, for there may be frand in it. A similar scheme, however, if honestly managed, would be of great benefit anywhore. We sketch this as it repre- sonts itself, in tho hope that persons living on small salarics, in this and other cities, may test the practicability of the plan. b A * Co-operative Homestead Association " has been formed, which proposes to build houses and goll them, in the order of completion, to tho Dhighest bidders among its members. ‘This is, of course, a perfectly practicable way of getting o houso at nearly cost-price. A Scandinavian so- cioty in this city has thoronghly tested & similar plan during tue last fow yeara. This Washing- ton Association will build up an entirely new suburb, where land is chesp. Tho ground se- Jected has been 1sid out by itsowners in prepara- iion for a speedy commencement of work by the Association.. The latter will build not only houses, but also a co-operative 1aundry, bakery, dairy, wood-yard, store, etc. Theso will lighten the burdens of housckeeping to tha wife and will chespen them to the husband. + This may, of course, be simply a private specu- Iation, which dubs itself *co-operativo” in order to deccive. The Company’s promises may never be fulfilled, and its members may be its victims. Of this we know nothing. e do know that the employes in one or in several of our largo busi- ness houses could easily combine, and build up & little sottlement of their own at eome pleasant point on one of our many railways. If they pre- forred to go to some locality already sottled.— and there aro several reasons for doing 80,— they could, by combining, buy the necessary land at a much lower rate, and could then help each other to build homes at a cost not excecd- ing two or three times the rent thoy pay nOw. Emigrating 8s s commaunity, and build- ing & number of houses near together, thoy could easily savo tho expenso of furnishing cach house with costly 1sundry apparatus by putting up 8 joint-stock 1anndry in tho rear of the common lot. It would pay for itsclf several times over within two years. -A co-operative kitchen would bo more difficult to manage, but is nevertheless & possi- bility. Tho saving in the cost of kitchen-furni- ture would be from one to two hundred dollars in each house. The saving in servants’ wages woula-amount to a good deal. Even if a kitchen ‘had to be provided for every two houses, thero would still bo great economy. Tha two could be built side by side, with a common kitchen in the rear, in which a single girl could readily cook for both families, ~These reforms seom impracticsble in the city, because no arrange- ments have been made for them in building. In properly-constructed houses, they would be casy. If the community were largo enough, a common reading-room could be maintained. 8o could 8 co-operative store. Evenif the company consist~ ed of only half-a-dozen families, almost every- thing could be bought at wholesale rates and af- terwards divided. Mlon living on salarics need to carefully consider any plan like this. They will be especial sufferers if the currency is in- fiated. While their nominal income will be the same, their real income will sink, day by dsy, a8 fresh shinplasters are struck off. They will need to study oconomy then even moro than they do now. THE PROFITS OF A G. G. C. Industry Las its innings nowadays. The work- ingmen who is not a member of a Council, or & Lodge, or a Grange, or a Counter Grange, and whodoes not hope to becomo a Worthy Master, or aPast Grand Councillor, or a Gracious Enight, is fast becoming o rurity. Any number of agents and deputies are at work organizing subordinate What-d’ye-call-'ems, and several disinterested philanthropists are serving as Big Injuns of the tribes which are gathering together all over the country. Profane outsiders may be pardoned if thoy think that tho thing is being & little over- done. These long‘lists of offictals must bo paid in some way. They are paid out of tho pockets of Industry. Is Industry getting its money’s worth? The constant in- crease in tho number of ggeanizations which +will right the wrongs of labor on receipt of 215 for a charter, and 50 cents per new member, and monthly dues of a few cents more from every- body, suggesta that the business must be a pay- ing one. e have received the constitution and rules of & now Order which was boru, it seems, in tbis city last February. At least the pam- phlet proclaims that its contents were “adopted ‘by tho National Grand Council at Chicago, IIL," and that the Order’s natal day coincides with that of George Washington. Tho projectors of this and , the kindred societies may all be ani- mated by o pure love for their follow-men. We hope they sre. It will be seen, however, that such a love, thus exemplified, may be made to yield handsome cash returns. 'We have a preju- dice in favor of virtue’s being its own reward. Wo shall eketch some salient points of this new constitution, since it represents, pretty fairly, the old ones. The organization is by means of Subordinate or Local Councils, State or Gravd Councils, and & National or General Grand Council. Members can prefix either of the two first adjectives at their choice. This is fafr enough, for they pay their money first. - Tha General Grand Coun- cil meets in June, 1875, and once & year there- after. Its principal function seems to beto hear the reports of the present Presidont, Secretary, and Treasurer, who are to hold office until 1877, and who run the whole machine when the G. G. 0. is not in session. Every Subordinate Council must buy a charter of theso three men for $15. Every member joining a Coumcil after the char- teris granted must paythe G. G. C.—to wit, these three men—50 cents. Every male mem- ‘ber of the Order must forward them12 centsa year, and every female member 6 cents. The triumvirate has certain remarkable powers. They can “ appoint &8 many agents for the good of this Order a3 they may deem necessary, and remove such agents whenever they think prop- er; such agents to be paid such compensation ontof the funds of the General Grand Council 88 said Commitiéa may deem justand resson- able. 8aid Committee shall also have fall power to incur such ofher expenses for the good of the Order, to be paid out of the fnnds of the General Grand - Council, 88 they may deem nec~ essary.” This, it will be seen, allows the three lncky officials to spend as much cf the Order's fonds a3 they wish, and.fo spend it ss they wish. If the organization rivale in any degreo the kindred societies, its funds will be consider- able. One such society has organized 1,000 sub~ societies within four months. If the new one organizes a8 many befora Juno, 1875, when the threo men hand ia their firat roport, it will have received the following sums : 1,000 Councils, at $15..... ..., 10,000 new members, at 50 cents. 15,000 annual dues from men (12 conts). 5,000 aonual dues from women (6 cents).. $22,100 ‘Wo havo estimated the charter-members at an average of 10, snd the membership of cach Council by June, '75, at 20. This is probably far below tho mark. At least throe-fourths of the membere would bemen. Weohave, therefore, allowed for this in our calculation. Persons in- tarested in such organizations are spt to bo poor. Is it not a little dangorous to hand threo of them $92,100 and give them s carte blanche to spend it? The system of checks and balances may be better in other socicties than in this, but tho same danger threatens all. The leaders may be honest, but human nature is frail. There may be solid advantages, social and pecuniary, to be gained by organization, but workingmen should take caro lest they pay too dear for their whistle. A —— THE PEOPLE'S SPRING-CHICKENS. Tho recent victories at the town elections have been productive of the most remarkable erop of spring-chickens ever known in thig country. Such roosters as aro crowing at the heads of the country nowspapers never crowed before. For instance, the 8t. Joseph (Mo.) Gaztle has a rooster which occupies & whole page. Asa work of art, it is hardly s chef d'euvre, and neither Lamputtner nor Bnyders probably would own it. Tho eograver undoubt- edly whittled it with a jackknife on apine board, but novertheless 1t is a defiant rooster in black and whito, with tail eroct and spurs which look liko ship epikes, and out of his mouth comes s acroll about a foot in length, with #“Victory™ inscribed thereon, and undorneath him the single significant word “ Scooped.” Tho facotions and jubilant owner of the rooster has six or soven columns of pithy paragraphs, not calculated to comsole the defeated party, as, for instance: “Corner lots in the cemotery are in demand this moming.” * Look at that rooster.” **Carolus was pricing tombstones last nigh! “ You can find o bunk in the hurricane-deck.” *‘Davis is young, but he runs worso than sapina maple- tree.” * The Ring stood on the burricane-deck, their baggage checked for Trent ; thoy greased tho rope, thuir heels flew up, and up the pout they went;" and so on, column after column filled with words of consolation for the scooped. A LaCrosse paper has a Liberal rooster, all tail and crow, every feather a thing of beauty snd & joy for- ever, and over him the editor has placed tho encouraging advice: “Split your old weazen.” There1s a Springfield rooster, also, which very closely resembles the ono at LaCroese, except that there is “ Glory” above him, ‘‘ Glory" be- low him and on both sides of him. The Demo- cratio Clarion, Mason, IiL, bas & very little rooster standing on a brick, but his action is sa- perb. Unless his Jooks belie him, his crowmight havo been heard over in Missouri. The Hartford (Conn.) Times has a rooster standing on the top of the American flag, in definnce of all laws of gravitation, and braced for' & crow of tho most stentorian description ; whilo the Hartford Post (Ropublican) bas a roostor with draggled tail- foathers, lack-lustre cyes, drooping head, and wesk legs. All over the country the spring roosters have come out, and it must be confessed they aro & strango lot. It is a collection which hasn't been seen’ before for a good many years, and such gorgeous tail-feathers, and red combs, and wide-open mouths are & movelty. Their long confinement has given them fresh life and new capacities for enjoyment, and the way they are scratching up gravel, and filling the air with their clarion cries, and strutting about to find some hostilo rooster whom thay can spear, is a cantion to smaller birds. No pent-up Utica contracts their powers. Nomoro hencoops for them. They are citizons of the world, and are out for a spree. SWEET BELLS JANGLED. Much has been written and told of the troubles of the sons and danghters of harmony. Max Maretzek, in his notablo book * Crotchets and Quavers,” writes to his *‘dear Berlioz” a -chapter cf his misfortunes in introducing opera into Mexico, and they are both pitiablo and ‘pathetic ; but, in all that'has been written and told, there is nothing to compare with the miser- jes of the recent Havana campaign, as told in a letter to the New York World by Mr. Jarrett, who, it will bo remembered, was Mme. Lucea's sgent during her season in this city. Whose agent he is now it would be difficult to say., Suffice it that he is no longer Lucca's roprosentative. This story of the sweet bells Jangled lis » joremiad, 8 wail, snd & philippic combined. On the 2d of November, 1878, Alme. Luccs, Mile. di Mursks, and Signor Viz- 2ani, being out of a job, concluded to go to Havapa, and, with tho usual judgment of opera- singers, turned impreearios, chose a timo when there was s financial panic in Cuba, when the islanders were boiling over tho Virginius affair, and when the majority of Havanese opera-gocrs bad departed for more quict quarters. They leased the Tacon Theatre, and subsequently signed a paper, which was in reality a decd of partnership, by which Signor Vizzani bound himself to advance $7,000 American currency to pay advances, ho to take the first surplus funds in liquidation of his claim for the money. He paid the money, whereupon the gontle Pauline sprang the doctrine of ropudiation mpon him and refased to recognize his clhim. Vizzaoi thereupon placed his claim in tho hands of the Iawyers, and this was the first trouble in the happy partnership, which at last was fanned into guch a blaze that Vizzani and Lucea were not on speaking terms. Pretty soon came a letter from Di Murska to Jarrett that Lucea was: making tromble, and this letter patbetically commenecs: “If Madame Lucca continues to make us trouble, as is tho habit of that lady, I shall be compelled to protest against the act of partnership she forced me to sign. Sho has been the cause of all our troubles in America.” Shortly after writing this letter, a breach between Vizzani and Di Mursks arose, and in this condition the Happy Family left for Havana. The feason opened Dec. 17, and for a week or 80 thero wasnlull. Then the happy partners proposed to pay off the company in Cuban, icstead of United States, bills, which would have entailed upon them aloss of abomt 80 per cent; but this Mr. Jarrett prevented. Then broke out a grand row 2a-to the operas to bo given. Mr. Jarrett saye: 5 ‘Without the three operss, * Don Giovanni,” “ Le Nozze di Figaro,” and “ Fra Diavolo,” in which Mme, Lauces can, generally spesking, be afely counted upon, that 1ady's value to 8 company becomes sadly dimin fahed, and naither of theso cperas could be given be~ canso Sig. Vizzani and Mile, di Marska positively ro- fured to give the monoy to procure the music from Now York. Too much stress could scarcely be.lald upan the results of this senscless jealousyand selfish policy, for, effective ns Mme. Lucca may occasionally be in such grand operas as “ L'Africaino ” and “ La Favorita ” when in perfect health, she enjoys that first of blessings 8o rarely as regards her vocal organs, that no manager, T belfeve, exists who would placa much relianco upon her whers enduring physical power is required. The result of this was constant change of op- eras. When ono artist was announced for a ben- ofit, the others peremptorily rofused to appear, and poor Di Mursks, upon whoso heed the brunt of the trouble seems to have fallen, was kept singing nearly all the time. The following cor- respondence is 8 fair sample of the happinesa oxisting about that time in tho family: Signor Vizzani to Jarrett (tranalated). January 31 Drap Mg, Jamerr: I havo decided, aud will not permit any benefit to take place next week; and inalst that you allow no announcements to be put forth ex- cepting such a8 relate to the regular subscription per- formances, GlovaANNT VIzZAST Afme. Lucea to Mr. Jarrelt.. January S1. Dran M, Jamperr: I find Mr. Vizzanis protest spiteful, and an {nsult to which no artist of my rank ought to bo exposcd. I therefore beg of you to inform that gentleman that if he does not ‘withdraw his pro- test by to-morrow, and my benefit is not announced everywhere, I will never sct my foot on the stige again, TYours, PavrNe Lucci. On the 16th of Febroary things camoto a climax. The trio of artist-managers seized the receipts and boldly proclaimed thoy were re- spousible for nothing, but that Alr. Jarrett was responeiblo for overything. Jarrett, howoever, went before a Court, and the Courtdecided that tho threo happy partners wers the responsible parties, and tho company must look to them for their pay. The three partnors appealod the case, but it went against them. Then they tried to got away from the island by various ruses, all of which wore upset by the vigilant police. Finally they were compelled to disgorge and settle with tho compauy; and all returned to New York, but not in the same vessols. And thus ended the Cuban campaign of the children of harmony. Frorm this story the pub- lic may gather some faint iden of the troubles of an impresario who has a menagerie of artists to manago, and, reflecting upon it, will have more lenicncy hereafter for them when disappoint- ments oceur. It wonld be an interesting study to traco tho causes of this jangling. Why is it that in overy musical organization, from & country singing-echool up to an operatic troupe, the members are arrayed against each other liko catsand dogs ? Does it grow out of music it~ golf 7 Isit inherent in harmony?- Of its ex- istence thero is no doubt. It is manifest every- where. Who can explain it ? e BROWN-SEQUARD ON ECIENCE. The concluding lectures of Dr. Brown-Sequard at Boston havo sbounded in curious facts in medical acience. The Doctor belioves that tho muscles can move independently of the nerves or the brain. He once cut off the arms of two decapitated men. About fourteen hours after, all signs of life died out of thearms. Then fresh blood was injected into both, in one case from & man, in the other from & dog. The mus- cles of both moved violently. The arm which had rocoived human blood was st least four times as strong &8 it had been daring lifo. The almost completely decomposed eye of an eel ehowed muecalar iritation under the in- fluence of light sixteen days aftor it hed been taken from tho bedy. The muscular movement of the heart may continze some time after all nervous saction has ceased. The heart of & man decapitated at Romen beat for thirty-six hours after the execution. Tho heart of a dog hss beaten for forty-cight hours aftar ramared from__ tha . hody.. ¢ Every muscle in our system, as well as in animals, can, in certain circumstances, have per- fect rhythmical movements.” Herbert Spencer has treated this fact in philogophy and Emerson in poetry. The proofs already given cf ‘muscalar action independent of the nerves have all been drawn from involuntary mechanical movements. Examples are not wanting of the other sort. Apperently voluntary movements have been performed withont the aid of brain or nerves. Dr. Brown-Sequard was called upon once to cure adend man. His friends would not believe he was dead, and no wonder, for he lifted his arms st full length above his face, knit his fingers as if he wero in prayer, dropped his arms, sepa— rated them, and did tho same thing again and again. Yot tho man was uadeoiably dead. The movement grow slower and slower and finally censed. Disease cnuses extrsordinary freaks boforo a8 well s after desth. A young woman in Paris had fita of religious ecstacy every BSunday momming. At pre- cisely 10 o'clock, she wonld balanco herself on her back on the edge of her bed, kecp the rest of her body perfectly motionless, and pray to the Virgin Mary. The position was animpossiblo one for a person in health. A * most beautiful Irish girl,” whom tho lecturer knew, had re- ceived a blow on the head which made her walk in half circles. If she wished togo east, she started north, and so finally tacked around to her destinaticn. Save for this curious incapaci- ty, her health was perfect. Tho imagination plays queer tricks with tho body. Dr. Brown-Sequard regards this fact as the foundation-stone of mcsmerism. The mes- merizer, by exciting the imagination, acts on the body and so moves the muscles and cures dis- ease. Tho fact that a mesmerized and appar- ently unconscious person can tell the time indi- cated by a watch held at the back of his head, man be explained by referring it to tho same mysterious faculty which gives almost every per- gon tho power of waking up at any hour. Ope who can do this must in some way tell time in his gleep. It is mot tho process of mesmerism, then, which gives him this power. The imagina~ tion is a great medicine, either to kill or cure. It may almost wholly destroy sensation. The convulsionsires of St. Medard trampled each other under foot in the most violent manner, but they were rarely hort. Ono of these Sisters ©of Charity was knocked down and trampled upon by a dozen persons, and suffered no pain what- ever. When the use of ether became generally knosn, it stopped a practice that was gaining groand among good surgeons of exciting the imegination of patients until they were oblivious of pain. This was unfortunate. It is mach easter to use ether, but much more dangerous. The other process is perfectly harmless. The imrsgination can chango the effect of a medicine. A theological student, who thought *pill” meant pu egative, looked up the word in his dictionary and. found 3 description of & pill composed of two strong astringents. Ho took it, and it acted as o purgative. Bread-crumb pills, takon with faith, bavo had the same result. A neree in & French hospital gave 100 pationts same harmless medicine and then fold them she bad by mistake sdministered to them a powerful emetic. Some eighty of them became very sick. Sesa-sickness is generally caused by the imagina- it waa , tion. ;A man who heard & violin while he was ghould be taught somo practical pursuit, a8 her brotheris. Then she would not be utterly help- less when sudden poverty came upon her. Very many applications reach the Burean from women who want work at their homes. They cannot leave the children or the sick who are dependent upon them. This is s second great difficulty. Very few things can be woll done st home. An- thors and artists aro the only men who work in their own homes. two clasges cannot expect to be more fortunate. If they had mastered a trade or o profession, they might earn enough to support their depend- ents and to provide them with care while they were away. Unskilled labor can never hope for such pay. Washington with Government money was, we belicve, sn entire failure. The fiasco may have created sn unwarranted prejudice against the pnoumatic ides, The theory has been satirfac- torily tested in London. A tube, oneand three- quarters miles long, extends from the North- western Railway station to Holborn, whence an- athar, a trifla lesa than a milainlength. sivetches to the Post-Office. like o flattened horse-shoe. Theyaro 4 feot a sectional area of 17 square feet. They are made of cast-iron, excepton the curves, which heaviest grade is onein fifteen. ‘The sharpest curve has a radius of 70 feet. The wagona weigh 2,200 pounds. \They are10 fect4 inches long, and are covered with india-rubber. into the tube. The machinery consists of an en- inch stroke. This drives s fan of 22}4-feet di- ameter. One revolution of the engine makesthe fan revolve twice. The trains of wagons are drawn to Holborn by exhaustion and pro- pelled from it pression valves. The working of the mechanism gives porfect satisfaction. gives noither the time of the journeys nor the cost of carrisge. Itis-fair to infer, however, sea-sick for the first time, always suffered after- wards in the samo way whenever he heard snother. The stigmata, or marks represent- ing the wounds of Christ, which un- questionably appearecd on the bodies of St. Francis of Assisi and other devotees, show the remarkablo bodily effects of imagina- tion. A mother who saw a window fall ard erush three fingers of her child, fel¢ an instant pain in the corresponding fingers of her own hand. They ulcerated rapidly. She was cured with Gifficnlty. The most striking example of the power of mind over body is shown by the fakirs of India, who can suspend sll the processes of life for weeks and months and then rise from their apparent death unharmed. This long- doubted factis, Dr. Brown-Bequard says, at last fully proved. Ho closed the final lecture with a fow Iaws of health : Exercise all parts of the body moderately. reserve of strength. Be regular in everything. Make no overdrafta on the UNSKILLED FEMININE LABOR. When a woman is thrown on her own re- sources sho generally tries one of five pursuits, —she takes boarders, teachos, sews, washes, or writes. The last is apt to be the resortof all the unprotected females who can spell, and of some who can't. It proves but s broken reed. Those who wonld fain support themselves by it soon fall back uwpon one of the four other occu- pations, all of which are overstocked. The num- ber of widows engaged in each is arge enough to almost warrant the beliof that most of the hus- bands in the world have died. An ordinary sew- ing-woman in thiscity, working on shop-goods st her own home, earns €3 cents by twelve hours' 1sbor. Sho is sometimes obliged to furnish her own thread out of this pitance. Her wages are 80 low on secount of the cut-throat competi- tion of seamstresses. Their rivalry keeps their wages at the starvation point, or below it. The same state of things exists in England. There is 2 Bureau of Employment in Praed street, Lon- don, under the care of Miss Emily Faithfall, which tries fo provide work for women. Miss Faithfall, in a letter to the London Timer, comments sharply on the * truly feminine notion” that skilled labor can be done by nnekilled hands. Hundreds of women, she 8ays, apply every week at the Burean. Whon they are asked what thoy can do, they cheerfully answer: 4 0Oh, anything."” This always turns out to mean anything which requires neither knowledge nor skill,—to wit, taking boarders, doing plain sewing, washing. The moral Mies Faithfull drawsis that a girl The women outside of these — APRACTICAL PNEUMATIC TUBE, The air-pipo which Albert :Brisbane built in Thelittle tunnels are shaped wide and 4} feet high st the centrs, with are built of brick, faced with cement. The They fit tightly gine, which has two 24-inch cylinders with a 20- by pressure. The fan The exhaustion and com- air are managed by works constantly. of the The account before us that both time and cost are less than by the old methods of transport, else the new ome wonld not be used. The pneumatic plan has thus been proved to be practicable, when applied to short dis- tances. A careful study of the workings of the London tube would probably show whether it is necessary to have power applied at guch short intervals as it is there. Even if fans had to be placed every two miles between Chicago snd New York, the cost of construction would be lesa than that of a railroad, and the cost of transportation very much Jess. James Watt, by giving the power of heated air a practical application, revolutionized tho business of the world. Why should not some modern inventor revolutionize the world's carrying-trade by applying the power of com~ pressed air toit? - The conduct of President Grant, in his recent interview with the delegation of representatives of South Carolina tax-payers, is, to say theleast, not at all creditable to his sense of the couriesy due to gentlemen. The delegation, through their epokesman, the Hon. W. D. Porter, pre- sented the grievances of the tax-payers of South Carolina in a dignified, courteous, and forcible manner, wherenpon the President briefly replied, snubbing the delegation, and closing his remarks with an outburst of temper. The occasion of this petty and undignified proceeding was the fact that one of the delegates to the Tax-Payers’ Convention which elected this delegation was & harum-scarum ex-Confederate officer, who prides himself on his opposition to the prevail- ing order of things in the South. This man, notwithstanding the remoustrances of hia friends, medo a violent speech, in which he indulged in some personal abuse of the President. This speech was seized upon by the Radical papers and printed in garbled and exaggerated form, and on the day on which the delogation called upon the President, Senator Patterson, of South Carolina, called his attention to it, It had the effect we have already intimated, although every men inthe delogation denounced the speech, snd their spokesman guggested to the President that it was hardly just to hold a whole communi- ty, who were seeking relief from intolerable op- preasion, responsiblo for the improper utterances of a crack-brained politician. The protest had 1o effect upon the irate President, and the dele- gation sadly and silently withdrew to lay their grievances before Congress. It istobe hoped that body will accord them courteous treatment, gvenit it refuse to ramave their grievances, HARGARET FULLER. MEMORIES OF MARGARET FULLER Yols., 1m0, Biston: Noberts bros© CSSOLL 3 A new odition of the biography of Fullar was imperativaly Goemendnd. 1t ¢ ey years or moro sinco the work passed ot of print, after having been incirculation for even less thau that time. It wes originally pablisheq in 1860, ton yeass aftor the death of Madame Ossoli. A larger audience cannot have waiteq for ita first appearance than'will £ive it a grast- ing now. Readers havo increased ten-fold with- in the Iast decade, and they who are ready to appreciate and honor the highest genius hays maultiplied in the same proportion. Margaret Fuller was tho MOST PRODIGALLY-ENDOWED and the most widely-cultivated woman who hsg had birth on the Western Hemisphere. She was one who, in any country or in aoy age, would have had an exalted position among her con- tomporaries. Hor talents were not only brilliant and versatile, but they were commanding. They were exceptional in strength, in Tange, and in grasp, aud also in their intensity and activity. Her power and influence were thosa of & dramstic queen. It was her imposing pres- ence, her personal magnetism, her eleclrie’hm. poramont, added to her great gift of insight, of comprehensien, and of expression, that gave har, on every ocrasion and in every assembly, tha' place and thepower of & potentate. Bhe in- spired, and thrilled, and subdued, like the con« quoror Napoleon, by the overpowering might of hermind and will. Like Napoleon, too, she knew her strength, and exulted in it; but, un- like him, she nsed it to aggrandize others rather than herself. The parallel between the Amaris can womsan and the French warrior might be carried further ; for, different a8 ware the obe jects of their ambition and the arens of theiy conquests, thera wore striking pointa of reseme ‘blance in their genius and traits of charactery and, in manner, in power, and in feeling, Mu: garet was A8 ROYAL AS NAPOLEON. The biography of Madame Ossoli was framed by her frionds, James Freeman Clarke, Emerson, and W. H. Channing, a8 if neither of the three folt equal to tho task of dopictiog her mobile, many-sided nature, unaided. Each writez from his personal knowledge, his own impressions and experience; and the result is a various yet har. monious and fascinating history. From an un. finished skotch left among her papers, an suto- biography of Margaret's early years is fortunate- ly preserved, which, with lotters and extracte from journals, gives truer glimpses of her real self than could have otherwie been afforded. Margaret Fuller was born in Cambridgeport, Mags., May 23, 1810, Her mother was of & genr tle and delicate nature, with s tender sympath; for everything living. Her father was a man of strong intellect, of the sober Now [England cast, and well trained by a liberal education. Ho wat a sagacious and active man of business, a law- yer, and a politician, Full of ambition for hic child, and resolved that her mental attainments should be eolid and exact, he imposed the duty of her instruction upon himself. Unmindful of the peril to health of body and mi.d, he sub jected the child to the severest tasks, with aview to calling out her faculties as rapidly 3 poasi- ble, and, at the same time, insuring their rigic digcipline. At 6years of age, the precociont girl was reading Latin, and pursuing Englist branches of an equally unsuitable ciaracter ‘This premature development of the brain mad¢ her A TOUTEFUL PRODIGY, but stinted her growth, and induced nervous dis eases which tortured her throughout her life Bpoiled for healthfal companionships witi human beings, Margaret passed a lonely anc unnatural childhood. Books were her only re- gource; and, at 8, Shekspeare, Cervantes, anc Moliere were her chosen authors. Speaking o the infinite comfort they were to her, she pa. thetically remarks: *‘But I do wish that I had read no books at all till later; that Xhad lved with toys and played in the open air. Children should not call the fruits of reflection and ob- gervation early, but expand in tho sun, and st thoughts come to them. They should mot, through books, antedate their actusl experi- encos; but should take them gradually, as s5m- _pathy and interpretation are needed. With ms, much of life-was devoured 1n the bud." At 12 years of age a wholesome changs was in- troduced into her life, by a residence ol tmo years st 8 boarding-school. On her returm bome, her studies were continued with ua. diminished zeal. At 15, the BOUTINE OF HEB DAILY PURSUITS waa a8 follows : I riso a Little befare 5 walk an hour; snd then poaee tice on the piano Il 7, when we breakfast, Next I read French—Sismondi's Literaturs of the South cf Farope—till 8;_then two or three lectures in Brownis Philosophy. - About half-past 9 I go to Mr. Periins' school, and study Greek il 12, when, the school Mri dismissed, Irecite, gohome, and practica sgain il diner, at2 Sometimes, if the conversation is rery 2greeable, I lounga for half an hour over the daswers though rarely 8o Iavish of time, Then, whenIan. { read two hours in Itatian ; but T am often interrupled. At G I walk, or takes drive, Before going to bed, [ Blay or sing. for hall n hor or 80, to ‘make all iy and, about 11, retire to write a littla while, in my jour- nal, exercises on what I have read, or s series of cha acténstics which I am filling up aécording to dsis. The next seven years of Margaret's life werd years of BTEADY GROWTE. She pursued no systematic study, but resd ity a clear and sharp understanding, dod often Wit pen in hand, the leading works of French, Ttalian, and Spanish, as well ss English, liter~ ature. In three months from the time she com- menced the study of German, she was reading with ease its masterpicces; sud in & ingle year had read Goethe's Faust, Tasso, Iphigenis, Her- menn and Dorothea, Electise Afinities, sul Memoirs ; Fiech's William Lovel, Prince Zerling, and other works; Korner, Novalis and some- thing of Richter; all of Schiller's priocips! dramas and his lyrical poetry. Her stady of books wasrelioved and varied bya stady of med- Emerson says of her, when she had resched the age of 22, ““Almost every person who hgd sug distinction for wit, or art, or scholarsbip, Wt known to her; and sho was familiar with tbe leading books and topics.” p 1In 1839, Mr. Fuller removed, with his familts to Groton, Mass,, where Margaret, under: lest favorable circumstancos, but with unremittisg assiduity, pursned the work of informing 8 training her powers. Eer aim, from firgt {0 Ly Was SELF-CULTURE- E #Vory early [che says] I knew that the oy object in Lifa was to grow.” In the fall of 185 Mr. Fuller suddenly died of cholers; sod tpe% Margaret, as the eldest child, devolved, i3 = great measure, the care ond guidance of the younger members of the family. In addition 22 the grief and snxiety inflicted upon her bY the denth of her father, his loss entailed 3 dissy pointment of a precaliarly-trying chsracter L had been arranged that Margaret shontd 3"»? Europe the ensuing summer, in company. beloved rriends, thero to complets her cuk®™ But sho bravely made tho sacrifico of b3 r—f" ished design, that she might devote herself ¥ the noeda of her mother and younger bro and sister, now bereft of husband and fathes- Daring the winter of 1836-7, Margaret ti! Latin and French in Mr. Alcott’s schoomflf: too, and French, German, and Italisn in Pf“'_‘ classes. In tho apring of 1837 sho sccepted & situation of Principal in s fourishiog W% school in Providenco, which position €10 b for two yesrs, with honor to herself nml‘ i bensft fo hor pupils. At tho end of st tho bome was broken up in Grotop, sad 50T moved, with ber family, to Jamaics Phi% ‘milos from Boston. In tho followfog winter =0 established in the city a series of week}yfl?s, fngs for conversation, which created 8 §7e3t &0 of interest, anid wero largely attended by =, most caltivated ladies of Boston. It mfl:“ vergation that Margaret most exce I‘ Bt here that she displayed tho rare powers "_‘ o mind, and the rich treasures with whic ¥ stored. Of tho atyle and method U:; HER MARVELOTS DISCO we quote from Mr. Channing the followizg & scription : e o turm came, by & gracetel trmast &%