Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 26, 1874, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TRRME DTI nvmn:gyms :‘I'AYAI\hl IR ADVANOR). (10| Bund 82 S1E00! oty 200 the 0 TAte, Toprovent dolay anil mistakes, bie sure and give Tost O co nddtoss In full, including Stato and County, Remittancos may bo mado ofthor by dratt, oxpres, Post ©Oftico oder, or in roglstorod Iottors, at our risk. TERMB TO OITY BUDACTIDENS. Dails, dollvorad, Bunday ovcopted, %) conte per weolc, Daily, colivored, Suuday foludod, 20 conts por woak, Addross THE TRIDUNK COMPANY, Cortior Madison and Dearborn-sts,, Uhicago, Iil. — ' . . TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. JIQOLIY!S. THEATRE—Randolnh stroot, Liotwaon Py x.ns.;fi,'. nn::'?.‘:um*?n?":y'm'.fl” ¥ Paimers Oomibinatton, ** Undiug. s plliylornms TuzATH rlom ato. *ho Woma tn Whito 4 Madison stroet, botweon mont of Wybort Roava. JACADEALY OF MUSIC Halotadatontbatwoon it fr . - Kiigazomani - Jamce 5, Ontos' Combiaadion. % Tho Tvaghes ohtns Rosimonth ADELPHI TIFEATRE-Corner of Wabash andCougress stroot, oty enfortnininont, *Th flovon Bistors.t Lo-Lu, and tlio De Glorisus. Aftornoon: onofit of Bobiby Noweomb, W QLODE TUEATRE- Dourlatuosstrch Letworn Mad: . Eokagomont of (ha Jos o and Charlos. Olirisdo's Pantomsime Traupe: b W Pt Wisp. - axenite i AVERS' OPERA-HOUSF.- Monras stroot, Durhor g Stato,” Ariogton, Crtfon: 7 Lo, Minstraiay - ani: oomioaiiiok Dby Klophanty" ™ Tho WatchDos, ats: ION PARK CONGREGATIONAT, ONURON-— 3 by Prof. Yorko on ' Lifein India," tllusteated with steroopticon viows, TIIRD PRRSBYTERIAN OIURCH—Hindoo sconos, with explauatiune by Miss Brittan, SOCIETY MEETINGS. ‘WAUBANSIA LODGE, No. 1 grouling, at 736 a'oluck, i Orlontal Tiall, 123 LaSallosn Torurask guthg M A Degroo, Vititiog Brothren cordials nvited, o of tha . A, pre e JOIIN, Boo'y, meats this (Thuraday) "BUSINESS NOTICES. The Chitags Tibune, Thursday Morning, March 26, 1874. Tho movement to cstablish » Real Estato Ex- change in this city las received tho helpot o petitlon to that end signed by s large number of prominent denlors and brokor Tho Fivst Englucor of the steamor Croscont City fuils. to give any solution for the oxplosion, by which thirteon livos wero lost and n large Bmount of property destroyed. Iu this respoct, the explosion diffors in no wiso from the hun- dreds that have proceded it. Tho onginoers aro aovor able to comproliend how they Lhappon. ——— Tencoforth an Iilinols wifo will have some very decided advantages over the wives who live In othor States. The bill rovising tho law in ro- Iation to Lusband and wifo has passed both Bnoop woro aotivs, but olosod oaslor. soilor April. Corn was moro active, and 80 highor, closing at 62i¢a cash, and 623{c sollor April. Oats woro quict and {@iqo highor, closing nt 48){@135¢0 cash, -and 4634@470 soller Mny. Ryowasquist and flem, ab 880 for rogular. Barloy was dull and lower, ot 81.47@1.40 for No. 2, aud 81.31@1.33 for No. 3. Live logs woro activo and stoady. Bnles chiofly at §5,10@ 6.056. Tl cattlo trado way notivo at firm pricos. Tlymouth Churoh yestordny declded to rojoot tno invitation to bo prosont at tho Congrogational Conoll, 530 members, alt of thoso who wero Drosont, voling in this way, A protost was also drawn up, sotting forth that the Councll {s forall of thom or for any two of them bo Just ? This cost 16 mado up of rovon cloments s road- Way ohnrgos, goueral oxponsas, station norvico, track ropairs, oar sorvico, teain sorvlco, "and Insurance, Rondway charges couslat of tha ropairs, oxclu- 8lvo of now rails, and of tho taxes, Tho ropairs aro eaused mainly by tho action of tho woathor, not by tho trafllo. ‘Mhe taxes, too, do not do- pond upon the amount of tiaflle. Tho roadwny chargos do not vary, thon, with tho traffie. Geonoral oxponscs comprise tho cost of general managomont and of contingoncics, Theso ex- Pponsoe aro much honvior 1n proportion fora short road than o long one. Thoy, theroforo, do mnot vary procleoly with the smount of traffic, al- ex parle, without pracedent, and oalled in tho 8rmo spirit of menace and coorolon with which tho two Braoklyn churchos eought to bring Plymouth Churchi to confession. Tho pro- tist wns prosonlod to tho Councll, and Drs. Btorrs ond Dudington made thoir statomontw.. Dr. Btorra blamod Mr, Bacechor for not donying the slanderous charges made against him, and Plymouth Church for dropping o membor without trial. Dr. Buding- tou deolarod that in thoso days of political and gonoral corruption it was noccssary that tho purity of tho pulpit should bo preserved. The Conneil adjourned till this morning without taking any turther action. In anothor part of tho papor, will bo found a tabular utatomont of the condition of tho Chica- 80 Nationsl Banks on Feb. 27, which shows that the aggrogate deposits had incrensed $2,705,605 up to that time. It is ostimated, howover, that the doposita of tho samo banks hava fncronscd Jusk nbout $2,000,000 moro between Fob, 27 and tho presont time, making & total incronse of, &0y, $4,705,605 sinco Dee. 26, Against this thore Liad beon an increaso of loans to the amount of 1,846,700 botwoon Dec. 26 and Tab, 37, Tho estimatod inorenso of lonus sinco Tob. 27 is £500,000. Thoro hLas, thorofore, heon an iu-, crease of noarly $2,500,000 of unomployed monoy in the banks of Chiengo-in thoe last throo months, Nearly tho whole of this nccumulation of unow- Pplojed capital has boon in the last two-months, Tho offect has boen to mako lower rates ot jn- torest than ovor boforo kmown here ot ting soason of tho year,and tho prospect is that thoro will bo u futhor increase of idle money, and n further reduotion of tho rates of intorest, in tho next month In spito of Mr. Sanborn's ready promisos to answer any questions tho House Committoo might ehooso to ask him.about his Govornment contracts, he mot the Committeo with somo ‘“ montal resorvations” when he camo boforo them yeatordsy. He declared his willinguess to givoany “gonoral information,” of which tho Committeo must alroady have sufficient, but did not want fo go iuto dotails. In other words, Ar, Sanborn desires to toll only so much as suits Housos, and will unquostionably become s law. The radical changes it institutes aro sot forth in our Springfield dispatehos this mornivg. Congross is trying to do somotbing. Tho House will como to a voto to-day on the Mc- Crary Cheap Tiausportation bill. A motion to tablo it yostorday was lost by a voto of 22 to 129, An effort s alao to bo made to bring tho Sonate to o vote to-day on the currency ques— tlon. f There was an advanuco of & couple of cents in stocks on the Now York Exchangoe yeaterday, and sigos of o reviviug Interest in speculation were apparont, This was the natural, though ‘perhaps only & spasmodic, resvlt of the step to- ward inflation rocently taken by the Houso of Represeutatives, —————— The 8t. Louis Republican dovotes half & col- umn of glorification over the fact that a firm in Cinciunatirocently gave upita business there and opened a house in 8. Louis. Tho offect of this accretion upon the next Directory and commer- cial exhibit of 8t, Louis can bo lnagined bue bardly desoribed, Wo print this morning an abetract of the testimony talion 1n the caseof e Veagh vs. Z'horne, in which the foruer sued for.damages suffored in buying 21,000 bs of Lams, warranted tobe good, which proveri to be tainted. A ver- dict was rondered in fa.yor of tho plaintift for €2.708. Tho testimowy, though relatiug diroctly to the case in band, ;i of iuterest in illustrating to somo oxtent the preosent systom of curing and bim, and withhold whatover may be detrimental tohis iutorests, or those of tho persons who asgisted him in gotting his fat jobs. Mr. San- born hns been advised by his counsel that auy full statements he wmight make would bo prejudicial to him under an indictment which tias boen found against him in Brocklyn, on the chargo of colluslon with revonue officials to do- fraud the Government. Tho. Comwmittes nd- Journed without deciding whother or not thoy would constrain Mr, Sanborn to answer, but very naturally decided that » partisl statement would be of no service to them. The revonue Jjobbers and informers are justnowina bad Way. Asuit has been brought in New York sgainst Jayne to recover money whick he is said to havo appropriated, though belongmg to an original informer, If the clarge is true, it will also fur- nish tho basis for an indictment. Tho affairs of the Gilman, Clinton & Spring- | fiold Railroad are still further complicated by the fntroduction into the pending suit of s bill on bohalf of the bondholders, The Company is uow in the hauds of & Receivor, avd under an injunction prohibiting the proposed leas to the Poansylvania Company. Messrs. Morton, Bliss & Co., who negotiated tho Tirst-Mortgago bonds, amounting to 2,000,000, now ask to bo made & party defendant, and to bo permitted to file & oross bill setting forth tho claims of tho bond- holders whom they represent. Tho substance of the bill is fully stated In our Bloomington dispatches. It chiargos that Messra, Tom Scott and Hugh Jowott, who aro the Trustees for tho First-Mortgage bonds, but who inspectiug meats, ] Mr. Starne's pro.position to submit an amend- ment to So0. 1~ Art, IX., of the Constitution, rolating to tho raising of Blato rovenues, has fwled. Tho resolution was reportod adversely, sud deteatod by o vote of 23 to 17,—a two-thirds voto buing necossary to its adoption. This netion would indicato a Lelie? on the port of & cansiderable portion of the Illinols Senate that the prouent constibutional provisions are ample tor 1aising the revenue, either in the old way or inthe now way, which proposes to substitute liconses for taxes, The joint ballot laken vostorday on tho elec- tion of Massachusetts Senator gave Mr, Duwes 89 votey, a gain of 9; Mr. Hoar 82, s gain of 0 sod Mr. Curlis 74, a gain of 1. Mr. San- ford received but one vote, which would indicate that tho votes glven to him tho firat day wore morely complimentary, A conference betwaon the Dawes and Hoar pare tisans yesterday- brought forth no roesults, unless tho strong semtiments uttored on both sides shall have tho offcet of intensifylug tho stub- bornuess of the aunflict, T ——— A good-hemrted and well-meaning lady who participated in a Wost Side prayer-mooting last night, without any dresd ot Tyndall's prayer- gaugo in hor mind, asked prayors for the editor of tho Chicago Times. Sho eald, ins balf despalir~ ing way, that he was a honry-headed old sioner, but that she prayed for him every night, As may well bo concelved, she wantod help in the work sho had undortaken, Tho publio will look forward to this now effort of prayer with gonu- ine intorost. Buccess in thus caso will guaranteo the triumph of the praying women over the saloon-keopers, and Prof. Tyndall will be cou- strained to sdmit the error of his thoory. The Chicago produco markots wore gonerally stronger yestorday, witha ratuor large aggro- gata of transactions—mostly spoculativo, Mous pork was active and 100 per brl highor, closing 8t 814.75@14.80 cash, and $14.821{/@14.85 soller April, Lard was active and 23@5o por 100 by tigler, closing at 88.97)¢@9.00 cash, and $0.02}4 @9.05 seller April. Meata yoro quiet and atrong, at 5%@06%c for shoulders ; 87.05@8.,00 for short xibs; B @8%o for ehiort clear; and 9@1050 for swoot-piokled hams, Highwines woro uctive aud advanced }go, closing at 9330 por gallen, Flour was quiot and wteady. Wheat was sotivo and 1o higher, closlng st §1.10)¢ cash, and 91,204 ure also interested in the Morgan Improve- mont Company, aro now ondeavoring to betray their trust to serve their private intorests, The road boing insolvent, the bondholders see emall prospeet of gotting their intorest due the st of March, or their principal when it becomes due, unloss tho Court shall recognizo their bonds as a. first lion, To this end it is asked that tho road bo taken ont of the hands of the Recaivor and put into their hands. If thus bill bo admitted by the Court, there will bo four partios in intorost, viz: the boudholdars, the old Board of Dirce- tors, Mosars. Scott and Jewett, and the Receiver. "Iho caso is involved in & mass of complications and intricacios which could only be furnished by the Credit-Mobilior system of building rallroads. RAILWAY FREIGHT-TARIFFS. ‘We have recoived o paper on “ ‘The Eloments of Cost of Railroad Froight-Traflic,” which Mr. 0. Ohanute, C. E., recently read bofore the Amorican Soclety of Civil Engineers. Its argu- wouta and conclusions aro well worth considera- tion. K Mr. Chanate bases what ho hns to say on sLe- tisties, [lo pointsout, however, that the figuroy may lie, The ronds keep their nccounts in such different ways that comparison is difcult, and, agaln, it {4 not easy to acourately distinguieh the exponses of tho passenger and froight traffio, bo- cuuge many men employed at stations aid in both, and their wagos consoquently must Lo added partly to ono account and partly to the other “Howover, tho figuros glve some roliable dats, On thess Mr. Chanute builds, Tho first objection to a tarlyr fixed by the Biateis that the cost of transport- ing a tou o milo varios from 80 to 40 per cent in the difforont mouths, How, then, canan un- varying chargo for all the mouths bo » fair ono ? The sccond objaction i that the cost of traus- portation varies greatly on difforent railways, On some it is four times what it s on othrs, "[haiu can bo partislly mot Ly arbitrarily dividing the rallroady Into difforent olasses, na Wisconsin has done. Alr. Obunute bolioves, however, that it ts mposeible to fix o tariff whick shall fairly apply to any two roads. He gives four tables of the comparative carnings and exponsos of soven ailroads,—the New York Contrsl, the Etie, tho Lako Bhore, the Syracuse, Binghamton & New York, tho Harlom, tbe Rensselnor & Baratoga, und the Rome, Watortown & Ogdousburgh, The cost of transportation per ton per wmile on thoso soven roads varies from ,704 to 8,085 vente, Ianotwo s 1t thosame, Would » fxed targ | though they do somowhat, Btatlon sorvice inclndos tho cost of agonts and oloiky, londing and unloading, watchmon and switchmon, otc. It vatlos protty noatly with tho tonnagoe handled, but has no rolation to the num- bor of miles run, Track ropairs vary with the numbor of miles run. Othor facts, howover,—tho oquipment of the rond, whother hoavy or light, tho care takon In tho original coustruction, the climate, thosoil, —affoct this oloment of cost vory markedly. Car sorvico includes all the running expenses and ropnirs of froight oars. It varios, roughly spoaking, with the number of milos run, Train gervicoincludos all tho running oxponses and ropairs of locomotives, and the wagos of gonduotors, onginoers, firomen, and tralnmen. This varica with the tonuage and the dlstance it is carried, It is tho only ono of tho sovea clo- monta of cost which doos so vary., Even itis aftectod by various othor facts, such as tho con- struction of tho track, tho proportion of cars that must bo bauled ompty ono way, tho cost of wagos and fuel, ote. ‘Tho insurance doponds on tho valuo or {ragil- ity of tho articles transported, Hore, thon, ‘sre sevon olemonts of cont, only two of which sgreo in their varistion. The numbor of miles run is tho standard of thos two, When the cost I8 suck n complox rosutt, can any Logislaturo dotormino it satisfactorily ? Yot it is ossontial to find out the cost of n thing Loforo you put & prico upon it. Not only docs tha coat of transportation por ton per mile vary an ench of tho sevon railroads inéluded in the tablos, but cach of the sovon oloments of that col. varios on cuch railroad, Thore is but ono exception, Tho itom of insuranco is the samo per ton per milo on two ronds. This is, how- over, & mero accidont, for that itom varios, ns wo havo snid, with the valuo or fragility, and Dok with tho bulkt or weight, of the froight. Wo subjoin ono .of Mr. C's tables, which sums up the stato of tho caso in a fow lines of figures : El HoRRa EYCER] g EEzRER g 2Ig5E B2 5 B Biifaan Ee%&«% 5 Bi fEPRAZ: - EIEEY g g 8g E3e 8 gg‘:gi e §§§.u 3 45 g B I8 & > e Qn E 2 § g 2| ggepece” L A5 ! BSHEZRS REcRsl 3 s 5 [ g £ g g & |¢ Bl oononos? §~§§§- # g 588852288 o S8zl |8 Qfl 8 g::% H Bolsecccec®y yBLas| 134 F 5| 2dgBEeE 1 ERFAS LB . SE ne :agssg H 81 . B8(§iiqlE Bp|ooemmnstE SRLHB) LRSI 82(5888838 a8 gb HiiH 2l & IS wfl & Bolonposes® abRES| =3 ] BB| BE3RBE2 2BaER| o - 2| F (8 5 B £ Fp 28 & |3 SE 7 i) R & 28 57 B b 38 5s|§ssilx £ . 55433818 £xieseosce’ aEuEd| To¥E B2 323858 HEFE3| a8 No human ingenuity coutd frame an unchang- ing taxlff which could bo justly applied to these soven railways. An eighth oloment of coat, which nio Stato has yet fully considered in its freight-laws, is tho amount of cash capital in- vested in tho road. This should have s fair roturn, X! it got nothing during the first few soars,—und this is very likely,—it should got enough afterwards to make up the loss. On tho other haud, if its atock has been watered, noth- ing should be allowed for the watoered portion, Mr. 0. sums up his remarks on Stato tariffs by sayivg: *“Thoro is no termof comparison more fallaclous, to apply to individusl cases or particular shipmonte, than the averago cost por ton per milo.” Rates must change from time to time, and must bo comparatively less for long than for short distancos, ‘A fair rate ono yoar mny bo insufliciont or extortionate tho next." It tho rates of 1803 had beon maintained through 1865, elx of the soven roads in the table would have been oporated at aloss, Alr, O. predioty that there will bo groat- crdivoraty inrailroad chargoa avery your,andsays that there ought to be. He docs not consider compatition an invariable cheapener of transpor- ion, Iv may actin just tho contrary way. Tor a now road, it it {8 suporfinous, will not pay itsolf, and will diminieh the trafilo on the old rond with which {t competes, 8o that the inkter will Laye to ralso its ratos. Bome curious calou- Intions ure givon to show the limits of profitable competition.. In tho cotton Btates, where ono oar carrios off the product of 44 acres, compoting rallronds will pay if thoy aro 60 milos apart, In Illinois, & car-load of corn contaius the orop of 734 neres, and we can have roads 20 milos apart. In a whoat country, 22 acres would bo required to produco & cer-lond, A car would coutain 40 neros in cattlo or 60 acros in Logs, Thus slack-ralsing Btatos ean nover oxpoct the same rallrosd facill- tles that thelr agrioultural nolghbors have, Tho ousny closos with two suggastions, Tho only way to givo subsidles to rallroads is Lor the towns thoy ronch to guarantoo them & cortain rato of intorest on thoir bona-fide eapltal during the flrst fow yoars aftor tholr complotion, An anproximutoly fair way to caloulnte the aost of traosportation ou auy railroad isto divide the #ross cost of haudling, billing, ana checking fraight by tho numboer of tons forwarded, and to conaidor the reaultas’ an arbitrary charge por ton, without rogard to tho distanco run, aud to apportion tho othor elomeuts of cost (oxcopt oapital invested) according to the mileage mado by freight-traine, By adding to this enough to yield s falr profit on the vopital invoated, the prics of transportation ban be approximately fixed—for the railrond in question alone, A like caloulation will havo to bo mado for every othor rond, and will Lavo to bo ropoated in oach onso ench yoor, —_—— THE GRAB LAW IN DEWITT COUNTY. DoWitt County, which had a population of 14,~ 708 1n 1879, wna swindlod Into voling county bonds boaring 10 por cent intorost and having 20 yoats to run, in ald of the Gilman, Clinton & Bpringflold Rallroad, to the amount of 175,000, "Tlie Townships of Clintonia, DoWitt, Nixon, San- ta Annn, Tunbridgo, and Crock voted in addition thoir bonds to the amount of $275,000. Theso towns in 1870 bad an aggrogato population of 7761, This was equal to o dobt of 812 por head for enoh inhabltant of tho county, and for each inhabitant of theso six townsbips $45, This dobt bears intorost at 10 por cont, and runs for 20 years, The annual chargo for intorost on tho county 18 $17,500, or $1.20 por head of tho popu- Intion ; in tho six townships the annual intorost charge {8 450 for each man, woman, and child, Undor theso circumstances it was considered that DoWitt County would bo groatly bonofited by tho grab law H and that tho divorsion of Btato revenuo to tho puyment of the bondswould boan immenso ro- Itof to thie tax-payors. Trom & communication mado by the Auditor to a citizen of the county wo aro ablo to colloot tho following facts: Tha valuation of taxables for 187: “Tho valuativn of taxablos for 1838, Increnne since 1803, . ..., Tucreaso of valuarion i 8 Talivosd db....., 43,210,078 Increaso {n towns owing o Taflixoud dohs. s 1027006 . Now, by tho oporation of the giab law, De- Witt County is ontitled to & drawbnclk of the Stato tax on tho 85,108,874 increnes since, 1868, and pays an inorcasod tax of 9 milla on tho wholo valuntion of 1878, Tho rosult of this oporation ig as follows : TRtobata of 27 mills tax on increas Inereato tax on whole valuation., avesr T,000,50 Total benofit from grab 10W.ussssees srs $6,867.10 But, in the division of tho $13,873.00 plun- dered from the Stato xovenuc, the gounty at +++$13,873,00 T, largo receivos 9,680.60, aud the sovoral indebtod towns §3,304. Now, tho towns which owo no such’ dobt bod & total valuation in 1878 of 28,277,807, or throa-sovenths of all the proporty in tho county. Theso towns, therefore, have to mako up in additional taxation the ©9,334 di- vertod from the Stato plunder to aid tho indebt- ed towns. Hero is an illustration of & grab within o grab. Tho county graby $13,873 from tho Stato revenuo, and pays as tho prico thoro- for $7,000. 'Tho six towns that owe speoial debts grab £3,334 of his from tho county, and the romainmg towns, which owe no such dabt, have to make good tho deficit. So, after all tho machinery, and trauble, and vexation, and liti- gation to secure this littlo portion of plundor, DaWitt County paya about $10,000 a yosr oxtra tax as.compensation for the §13,000 it gots out of tho grab. A ‘“GROSS” QUTRAGE. The State of Delawaro has got s grievance, for the rodress of which shio appeals to *the Amori- can people.” It scoms that, in the sclence of numbers, the wisdom and learning of man have overlooked the important duty of dofining what constitutea n ““gross of matohes.” Now, Dola- waro {8 largely ongaged in the manufacture of watohes, and of nocossity is deoply interested in a bill now pending before Congross which definos & gross of motohes to bo 14,400 matehes, or 144 boxes containing 100 matehes each. In the whole United Statos, in 1878, there werd manufactured 1,700,000 gross o matchcs, upon whivh the mayufacturors pald a tax 6f $2,460,000. In the absenco of auy dofinition of what constitutes a gross of matches, the genural custom in tho Unitod Btates, outside of Delaware, hea beon to put up matehes in bozes containing 100, 200, 800, or, 400, and to count 144" boxos containing 100 ench, or 14,400 matches, a8 s gross; the mme numbor of boxos with 200 in cach as two stross, and 8o on. In Delaware, however, the manufacturers put ouly fifty matches in & box, and thoy count 144 boxes of that sizo, containing altogether 7,200 watchos, a8 & gross, The result is that, when o man buys o gross of matches, it dopends upon whero thoy me made whether ho gets 144 boxes containing 100 each or the ssme number of boxes containing fifty onch, It is atatod that Dola- ware matehes'sell at wholesaleat $2.40 per gross, while other matches soll at 82.76 por gross, In the one cnso the gross contains 7,200 matches ; in the other 14,400. Each box in the gross is slamped, o that 2 given number of matches made in Delavare pay twico tho smount of rovenus thot the same numbor mado elaowhore pay. Delawsaro produces 200,000 gross of boxos of matches m a year, aud, though each of those boxoy contains only fifty matchos, sho pays a3 much rovonue s if tho boxes contained 100 oach. Now, Delaware is willing to pey this doublo tax, if Congross will refuso to pasy the law defining s gross to bo 14,400 matohes. Tho inforenco is that Delawaro makos monoy by selling two gross of mntohos out of tho samo number which aro sold by other manufacturors ag ono gross, Delawars Inaists that what shall constituto o gross of matohos sball be loft to tho froo choica of the menufac- turer. Dolawaro selects 7,200 matches for grosn, and proteste—and apposls to the country to protost—against requiring 14,400 matchos in 8 gTo88. THE PROBLEM OF IMMICGRATION, Docs it py to become an Ameriean citizen ? Thousands of forolgn mechanics and laborors laud on our shores, woek after woels, to find the auswer. For yoars that auswer wns yos, To- duy it 18, in many cases, no. The imwnigrant too ofton fiuds that e has loft homo and fricuds for tho sake of mmaginary woalth which he cannob gain, When our crowded poorhouses: and ovor- burdened charities are considercd, we muat shudder et Joseph Arch’s wild iden of bringing ovor liero his tens of thousands of . followers,— followors who are 8o poor that-they will have to truat to philanthropy to pay their passago hither, If thoy como, thoy come to starvation, Thoy aro all common laborers. Wo Lave no room for such men now,—espeolally whou they are ebipped by tue thousand, The wages af un- skilled Inbor have boon forced down too near tho starvation point slready, Wo have just ro. ceived & complaiut from s man who has Licon employed for fittoen yoars by one of the rail- roads entorlug chils vity, Two yoars ago ho was paid 93.60 a'day., Now ho gots 8125, Oan such men stand moro compotition ? Duing last winter, the authoritios of every largo oiuy in the Unitod States were called upon to provide work for thousands of men who could not uyon get the chance to carn their daily bread, Daes o country which has just seon such sighta offor au inviting field for foreign artisnns ? * Mauny paople bolieve that Rngllsh meohanios aro botter off than thelr fellows in Americs, Tho bollof s not without rosson, Profs, Fawoott wnd Calrnes Lava besn trylng to show that Hos glials Iabor fa no bettor pald than it was twouty years 880, but tho Eeonomdst rotorts by showing that tho consumption per capita of tho artloles constantly ueed by ho lsboring olnsses liag groatly inoronsed in that timo, Tho only oxcoption is in tho cass of coffeo. Its use hos docrensod 32 por cont, Tho us0 of cocon lina incrensed 100 por cont ; of fm- ported splrits, 00.0; of British epirlts, 8.9; of malt, 55.0; of tobnceo, 84.8; of sugar, 62,0; and of ton, 102,56 por cont. If thoro is so much moro demand for theso commoditios, ther must bo highor wages. We published, some time since, oo lottors from & Yorkshiroman now residing ins Northwostorn Stato, who found himsolf un- ablo to livons comfortably as ho hiad In the old country,” About tho samo time, twenty out of sovonly membors of & carpenters' associntion in this city showed what they thought on tho mat- tor by going back to Engloud. We have boforo us tho trade-report forthe present month, issued by the Amnlglmn'md Soclety of Carpentors and Jolners, which has 235 branches in England, Bcotland, and Ircland, and 18 in the United States and Cannda, OF the 214 foroign branches which havoe sent in roturns, 8 roport trado s "*vory bad,” 6 na “bad," 3 a8 “vory dul,” 40 a8 “dull,” 100 a8 *‘modorato,” 2 as *stosdy,” 8388 " good,” and 1 a8 “vory guod” Only 51 branches, thon, or less than & fourth of the whole, report a state of trado below tho average. "Thio 18 Amorican branches classify trado as fol- 1098 “Vory bad," 3; “‘bnd,” 7 ; “very dull,” 1; “qull,” 4; “improviog,” 1; “modorate,” 1; and *good," 1, Thus 16 American branchos, or 80 por cent of tho whole, report & state of trade bolow. the avorago, Theeo figures cortainly do not invite immigration. k. e THE 8T, LOUIS PLASTER-MARKET, The efforts of 8t. Louis to becomo the Capital of tho United States, to oxcoed tho population of Now Yorl, to monopolize all the business of thio Wost, to havo all the prize-fights, and to ex- tond hor socinl-ovil system as tho panscoa for human ills, nre Just now colipsed by hor recent surgical oporation upon a gentloman from Chi- oago. Tho unfortunato victim upon whom tho Bt. Louis sawbones practiced his romarkablo ingenuity was BMr. 0. W. Baldwin, who is on- gaged in tho construction of elovators, and who Lad the misfortuno to bo injured by tho broaking of a beam to which tho elovator was attached, A Bt. Louls surgoon was ealled, who at onco do- oided that Mr, Bsldwin's skull and hip wore broken. Tho uufortunate Baldwin, notwith- standing his condition, made up his mind to como home to Chicago, Tho St. Louis surgeon, unablo to dissuade him, made preparations to pack him up for tho journcy. We quote from the account roceutly published : The b was wrappod snd rewrapped with woolon ‘Dbandages, and then covered witha pioce of mosquito netting, after which the fluld plaster-of-Paris was np- rlod, The patfent hud to onduro theso operations for £wo mortal hours, during which hio was stretched upon o plutform, and ralsed as tho bandages wore wrapped nbout bim by means of a Barrow strap passed under 1ho amall of Lis back, while two nttondants lifted the lower patt of Lia body as requirod, Thus enonsed m hard plaster-of-Parls, Mr, Baldwin ronchiod home, and, consulting his own surgeon, was dolighted to find that his skull was not brolken at all, aud that his hip was waa not broken eithor, His surgeon, with the belp of s stonc-mason, immediately got Mr, Baldwin's leg out of its plastor-of-Paris prison, ond tho pationt I8 now doing woll, and will shortly bo out again. In connection with tina brilliant specimen of surgery, itis portinent to inquire if this eurgeon put Mr. Baldwin into plastor-of-Parls meroly becauso hLo is & Obicago man, or becauso he didn’t know any better. If for the former renson, he ought to have his hoad done up in plastor-of-Paris for the rest of his life. If for the latter, we are some- what surprisod that he didn't tropsn him and'amputato his leg. In either event, tho con= dition of unfortunato victims of accidont in St. Louis must bo o deplorable one, and it helps to account for the high prico of plaster in thot mar- kot. Itis about time that 8t. Louis surgoons und tho nowepapars of that oity, which extoliod the sclonce of this partioular surgeon, should un- derstand that Chiengo people who get hurt thero don’t want to bo doue up in plaster-of-Paris, and that what will kill a 8t, Louis man only occa-~ sions o Chicago man a elight inconvenionco, As Mr. Baldwin is about to seud the plaster cast of his Jog back to that city, whore it was made, wo suggest to tho city authoritioa tuat they take chargo of it and set it up in some of their public parks a8 o monumont to tho skill 6f Bt. Louls aurgery. A HAFPPY FAMILY BROKEN UP, The unanimity which heretoforo has beon sup- posed to prevail in the happy family of Rhode 1sland politicians Is atlast broken. The Sprague family, whiok has recently been in the throes of o financial panio, Beoms to bave lost ite politioal grip, and the Brown & Ivos Manufacturing Com- pany, which hos hitherto shared with the Bpragues tho political propriotorship of the State, has received & very ugly remt, which threatons to grow wider, and perhaps braak its political power entirely. The altered condition of things grows out of the fact that the Logisla- turo which will bo elected next month will choose a United Htates Sonator to succeod Mr. Spraguo, whoso torm expires on tho 4th of March, 1875, As Mr. Bpraguo is on- tiroly out of tho contost, this shows that his liouse no longer haa political control, and that the sceptro has passed to the lisnds of Brown snd Ives. Tho moment, howevar, that Brown and Ives got exclusive possession, the Provi- dence Journal, which bas all along boen their organ, and is owned by Benator Anthony, pre- paroa tho way fox robellion, as follows: Tho droad of & onc-man posseasion of the politics of {hio Btate {8 o very wholesomo sentiment anywhere, We have been aceustomed to this kindof possession and control in Rhodo Tsland, aud wo know how demoratiz. ing'and degradingftis, We Lopo Massachussits wiit have no auch oxperlenco., =Tho myaterlous significance of this paragraph 18 explained by tho fact that Senator Anthony {a in favor of Hon, Nathau T Dixon, Jr., of Wos. tarly, o vory strong man, who ‘bas an excellent roputation in tho rural districts. The Brown & Ives concorn, on tho othor hand, have put Gon. Burnside forward s its candidate. Tho latter has dlrendy taken the fietd, baving visited-vari- ous parts of tho Btate, opened a hoadquartors whore the Grand Army of the Republic may rally, and sooured the publication of a card rec- ommondlog him, aigned by all the first familios who vielt with the Browns and Ivesos, This is & strong atart, cspocially ns his opponent hag.not yeb hoisted Lis colors. Othercandidates are also loawlug up, among them, Wiliiam P, Bhofeld and ox-Congresaman Jenokea, All the can- didates are, of course, -Republicans ; but in osgo the Providence Journal and Senator Anthony inake a lvely ight sgainat the Brown & Ivéa Manufacturivg Company, as thoy now threaten todo, itis mot improbable that the Domocrats may go futo tho -fight also, and in this case tho Nprague house maylook up.a Uttla, - ae the Botagues own the Bhode Xulsad Demoorsey. Whatover may happon, tho charm {sbroken, Tho happy family fa rentin twain. Tho onco powerful Spragues, who rutod all Rhode Island and Providenco Plantations, aro picking up crumbs from the Brown & Ivos tablo, and the Brown & Ives concorn is hopeloss- Iy divided. This opona tho way for corruption, plunder, and tho wranglo of factions. Tho puddlo of politics in Rhode Taland, horoaftor, although 1t is a vory letlo ono, must be a very dirty ouo, DIPLOMATIO KIOKS AND HALF-PENOE, Boruggy has boon wronged, Ho s United Statos Minister to Colombis. " It was rcontly ro- reported that ho hisd beon booted and stonod by 2 boy whoso plous wrath was cauged by Beruggs' rofugnl to doff his Miniatorial hat to a Catholio procession in the atroots of Bogots. This was a mistake, Bcruggs was absont from the oty at tho timo. In hisplaco thero rolgned the Rov. Thomaa I, Wallace, who {a Conenl at Bogota and a misslonary bosides. His attempt to serve God and Mammon hag signally failed, Wallaco thomlaslonary consldored that touching his hat toa mo’nlrl!h crowd wonld be like bowing down to fafse goda,. Bo Wallaco the Conmeul stood bolt upright. If hia erood ia roally a6 iron- bound that it forbids his showing the oustomary rospect to any -othor faith than his. own, ho might havo atopped down a sldo stroot, Butno; ho declined to compromise with the Bearlot Womsn. o testified unto the falth that was in him by Insulting tho faith that wasn't, The adhoronts of the latter resented the insult. Wallace disappoared rapidly into Sorugge' house, accompaniod and followad by a sliowor of stonea whioh smashed through all tho windows, The Government npologized to Berugga when ho got back. Ho doos not loave Wallaco in chargoof affaira any longor. The lattor doubtless considers bhimsolf a mattyr, and hus probably alrondy preached on the stoning of St. Stophon as a porallol caso. Hin nsofulnoss, either in tho missionary or Cousular line, will not bo great hereaftor, Sinco tho baleful glare of investigation has gothorod around Wallace, another outraged Amoerican is said to have been brought to light closo to him. The Fourth Congrossional District of this Btato will bo pleased to hoar that Staplien A. Hurlbut is charged with baving drawn his salacy os Minister to Bogota up to April, 1873, As ho was electod to Congross in Novembor, 1872, and had boen homo for six or soven months bo- foro that timo, it is diffioult to seo what sorvices Lo rondared tho country in roturn for the $7,600 he drow as Ministor to Bogota from April, 1872, to April, 1873, It is not strango that ho was op- posed Lo the repoal of thoe salary-grab, Since ko considored himaclt worth $7,600 per annum to the country when ho was doing nothing, henatu rally thought ho ought to be paid at losst as much when he was again in active sorvico. — Col. W. W. Prico, the millionaire brower of Now York City, can boast of the most remark- able marital experionces of any man living. Thirty-five years ago, when & poor clerk, ho mar- riod Susanoa Butlor, in Dirminghaw, Eogland, but separated from hor, by mutual ogroomont, & yoar aftorwards, and camo to New York, Susanos moxrying shortly after ono Samuel Greon. In 1848 hie marriod Miss Oaroline Burton, a young lady of rospeotablo family in Brooklyn, who was not aware of his first marriage; They bad in the family an Irish sorvant named Bridgot Fal- lon, with whom, a8 it ‘afterwards appeered, Lo Qolonol became favorably improssed. Moau— while, wife No. 2 learned that wife No. 1 was liv~ ing, and left her husband, whercupon ho applied for an annulment of the marriage, which was granted, aud siveo that timo tho Colonel has supported hor. Bubse- quently =& roport reachod him that wifo No. 1 was dead, whereupon he marriod Bridgot Tallon, Dridget, however, was not rofinod enough fo adorn his home, and trouble began to arige. Wife No. 2 made an attompt to open the decroo adjudging her marringe void, upon the ground that it was obtained by fraud, A com- mission was sont to England in thoe courso of tho litigation, and wife No. 1 was, found, with & whole flock of little Greons about her. -There- upon the Colonol took moasures to annul his marriage to wifo No. 8, in which ho bas suc. cecded, slthough'he has to support hor and the children. The Colonol now finda himself 8up- porting two familics, with two women on his Lliands who have borne him legitimate children, and yot were not legitimate wives, and tho logitimate husband of a. legitimato wife who is another man’a wife, Itis highly probable that the wealthy Now York brewer is now entiroly eatinfied with the marrying business, aud will horeaftor devote himself simply and solely to beer. —— Tho spirit of reform has reached the far-off Town of Salem, Orogon, It has not takon the form of a tomperauco orusade, mor of praying and singing on the atreols, but something much more practical, which, to all apporrances, will prove more boneficial. The young women have formed thomeelvos into's socloty, the object of whioh is to investigato the doings of the young men of that town. The firat meeting was hold recontly, and an unfortunate music-teachor was discussed. One can famtly imegino tho woar and tear which an avorsge young man must suffer whilo under discussion by a score or two of active, healthy young women, Tho musical victim waa not disposed of st tho first sltting; but was laid upon the table for two woocks. His case, thorefore, must have beon very extraordinary one, The man who can't bo sottled by thirty or forty young womon at ono sitting, but must lay over for two woeks longer, must have had somo awful antecodents in hig lifo, The young men of Balem aro not disposed, however, to submit without proteat to the gridiron process, and havo formed an orgauization and pnesed rosolutions that thoy will not associate with any youug lady who chews gum, woars nprons, or talks too much. These unfortunate episodesin the social bistory of 8alem are only anothor prootf of tho fact that even tho Worm will turn when trodden upon, —_—— The Old Dominlon Logislature passod a law, Bome days. siuce, which virtually disfranchived the+colored population of Potersbure. Bome 3,000 nogro voters, of whom thirty-fivo pay taxes, form the majority of tho Petorsburg olectors, ‘Chey uso thoir power as their follows in South Carolina do,—to rob, The Conserva- tive Legislature vostoa tlie control of the city's Polioo and Fire Departmonts and of the expond- iture of tho city's' money in s Commission, which was to bo appaluted by the Judgo of the Corporation Court, The Conservative Governor vetoed the bill. He ssld, wisoly enough, that 16 wes unjust, sud that tho nogrocs, if thoy ever got cmitrol of tho Legislature, would - mot on such & procodent and would be justified In doing go. Whon the voto was anoounced, the whites of Potersburg burned Qov, Komper in offigy, whoreupon the latter added a pathetlo appendix to his messago s *¢ It tho pathway of duty shall be lighted with the blazo of my burning efligies, nevertheless I shall tread it with an unfaltering step to the ond.’ 8o much gasconado may be pardoued him in con- sidoration of tho res! manliness of his course, 1t is o gratifying fact that the Houso in which the bill originated sustained the veto by 25 to 18, and that the whole Conservative prews of Vir- gluia and tho Bouth, with possibly half-a-dozen oexcoptions, approvea of tho Govornor's action. ——— ' Rowdylsm hea boon legallzed in Olncinuati, At & primary olectiop held on Saturday last In oo of the wards of that olty, Kdward Nealls, & ‘notorious loafor and bummer, managed to got into tho station, aud, selzing the ballot-box, throw it outto tho orowd fu tuo strsct. An officor immodintoly soized Lim and was about to take him away, whon an Alderman stoppod up and domanded hla rolesso, Tho officor ro- fuslng to comply, tho Aldermsn wont to the Pollco Qourt Judgo and brought back an ordor to rolonse the prisonor, Tho rowdy was at onco sot at liborty, and all tho rowdles in Ginclnnati now feol thomselves suthorizod by law to seizo and smash ballot-hoxos, i —_——— \ ‘Wo regrot to notice that somo of our roligioun contatuporarios aro uystomatically swindling tho Post-Offico Dopartmont. A writor in tho March numbor of the Poslal Record says that the Jnde- pondent Is sonding out papers broadeast marked “spoclmon copies,” without paying tha'postago onthom, and that the Northwestern Ohristian Advocate sonda a mall-sack full to Donver evory woek, whils it has not ono actunl subseribar within tho delivery of tnhat offico, and that “half tho partles to whom they are nddressed rofuss postage on thom.” Of ocourso tho mail-clorke in tho Ohicago Post-Ofico have 1o moans of knowing what papora are going to rogular subsoribers from whom pos ago can Lo collocted, and what are not. Porhapa tho pube lishors think that, if thoy can afford to givo nway their paper for nothing, the Governmoat can af- ford to carry them for nothing. Tho law, how- over, doos not mako provision for tho froo traus- portation of doad-hoad coplos of roliglous nows- papors, aod this the publishors vory woll know. Tho writer in tho ‘Record thinks that o honest publisher would thaa abuse the confidenca thus roposed in bim by the Governmont. —_— Congrosa adjonrmod onco, soma tiino 830, to pormit tho membors to go to Ohoster, Pa., to witnoss tho lsunchof tho now iron steamer City of Peking. After the lannch thoro was a foaat,—tho Company owning tho vessol having & bill before Congross for s subsldy, In tho ree portof the aftor-dinner prococdings thoro oge oura tho foliowing: BMr, Oxmeron, *in a briof specch, pronounced the present a proud oocaston for tila’ Blate, the. iron s coal Intereats of which ho had long ago proguosticated wounld control the Union us £ now doea, and will yet control tae worid, Ha hind been pecutlarly dotigaind by il giguntlo avidonca of tho progress of Feuusyls vania, Mr. Camoron told tho trath, The iron and coal intoroats of Pennsylvania have controlled the logislation of Cougress for ovor ten yoars, and have in that timo oxtorted from the poople aoveral huudred millions of dollars for the prav~ 1logs. —— NOTES AND OPINION. Congressman J. Allon Barher, of ‘Wiscousin, announcos by card that no will not bo a caudl- dato for re-elootion. Thore is yot timo for others to desorve this briof montion, —Tho Indlanapolis Journal (Postmaster, Shor- iff, organ of Morion, disponser of favo:s, and nogotiator of land-gales to the olty) eay: In the opproaching Blato eloction 1o Miasourl, the Ropublicaus, who are o & minority, propose not to nominato a ticket, but to lot tho Grangors nominato 8 tull ticket In_oppouition to the Domosracy, the clements of opposition can bo ralled, Intho approaching Btato election in Tilinols, the Demoorats, wio are ina minority, proposo not to nominate a ticket, but to let the Grangora nominate & full ticket in oppostion to the Re- publicans, which the Demoorats will thon aup- port. The Republican party has made itselt so odious by blundering and corrapt logislation during tho prosont sesslon of tho Logulature, that its dofont ia considered almost corsain if all the olomonts of opposition can bo railied. ~—All the organs of ““tho party" hava boan instructed to sy of the Now Hampshiro elag- tions Ono festuro of the Republican dofest is ‘worthy of #pecial romark : It is, tuat, while tho Republicane boldiy adopted a probibitory ‘plank in_ thelr plstform, the so-called Prohibitory:party voted for thelr own pen, and preventad tho cholco of reprosentatives (o the Ropublican Towns of Rochoster, Nowport, Bristol, andother places. Had thoy acted with tho Roj ubx licana in thoso towns, th Legislature would have boon Ropublican and the Probibitory Iaw savod. But,as it fg, they aided i socuring o Damocratic trilumph and thg ropeal {l tho law, and a year of fres rum will bo tholr rowar Dr. John Blackmer, the Prohibition candi- dato, who polled 2,100 votos for Governor, saya to Bouton Globe intorviewer, that, so far fromi *ayoarof freorum ” in Now Hampahire, the only difference batwoon tho two fossilized par- ties in that Stato is, that ““the Demociats dare n0t ropeal tho Prohibitory law, and tho Ropube licons dared not to enforco it.” —All the organs of *tho party” want it un- dorstood that the Republicon defeat in New Hnmpshiro 18 not & rebuke of * the party " at Washington; and, in strango contrast, the Hart- ford Courant (Jo.Hawloy) and the Hartford Post (Marsball Jewsli’s papor) want it distinctly undoratood that a Republican majority in Con- neeticut, April 6, will be moro of a robuke to wrong-doing within the party than coulda seore of dofeats.” —Tho Boaton Traveller ‘(Bon Butler's organ) haviog taken the Concord Monitor to task for too plnin spoaliug of tho causos of tho Republican defeat in Now Hampshire, the Monilor ro- aponds ¢ But what would the Traveller have had us do? De- foud the Sanborn contracta? Uphold defenders of the salary-grabs? _ Mako light of the Crodit-Mobllier ‘revolations? Hoodwink our -readers about tho Siine mous matter? Continue ellent over the Juyne rovelne tions? Exalt tho purity of the Administration? Be. spatter tho President witl prawe for signing tho Salary ? —The Dubuquo Zimes s already talking of tho Prosent as an “off-year” in politics. Tha Dubuque Times is Peusion Agent. —Wisconsin paid orgaus of the Grant-Butlar mereanary porsuasion have a fondnosa for dub- bing tho Madison Democrat ns the *organ of Gov. Taylor's Roform Administration,” but wo lLiave not seon any ono of them quoto what the Democrat very prominently sald of the elaction = in Now Hampehire. The Democrat sald : The rosult io Now Hampshire shows thet that an- clont fustitution {the Damocratio party] has actually ganed nothing; und this result is the more humiliut ing to thopatrons of thut venerable organization, in viow of he recout dovelopmonts rogarding tho wiite terablo corruption and depravity of the Ropubiizan party, which ought to huve told ngainat itin Now Iampabire, In tholight of the recant rovolutions in tuls State, Towa, Illiuols, and others, by which that monsizous sourco of inigully, tho Ropubliran pary, ‘was huzled from powor, the puny effort of tho Domod~ racy, ainglo-nundod, 1o beat ity old adversary, usema Fldleulot nough, A ~—The complote rondjustmont of our political parties {8 now tho most prossing publio duty of Amorican citizens, It may be that even tho old party nagmes will not survive the rovolution which {8 ‘impending. Thore is nothivg in the outlook to cause alarm : though, of courso, it causes anxioty, like every othor importaut chango {n the Goverument of tho nation, . . 1in surveyiug tho material out’of which tho new purties will bo formed, the most importaut 10+ mark iy one which tho professions!” politicinny nover mako, and which they do not uriderstand ; 1t is tho suggestion, obvious to all othor porsons, that there ato moro than 1,000,000 voters now in the country, to whom tho vents of 1801 aro al- wost as much wmattors of history as those of 1649, ‘The politiciaus by profession do not sce tiny, and do no not beliove It. They contimue, thereforo, to offer war-candidates and wai-issues 88 giving tho most taking * cries " for w can- vass, Dut that Young Amorica whivh was 13 ‘yours old in 1861, aud in25 years old to-day, thinks All this a vory old story, aid that tho poople who topont it aro very old fogles.—X, K. Hale, in 0!‘:( and New for April. 3 —Philadelpliin bus & strong Contonnial lobby hore [Washington], sud the arguments of the lady members, who are of bizh social position vory accomplished, may secure tho dosired apprapriation of S310,000, wikoh mosus SL0. 000,000.—"* Perley,” to Bostun Journal, . —A contemporary calls Congress ** our national windmill” That is bard on tho winduwill— which is genorally & useful muchine.—orllund Argus, 277 it prayer i the {Dstted Blatoe] Banato las its usos, A mon'can lle snd traduco in tho ntti- tudo of prayer with groutor osse to himsolf thun in the ordinary stump spocch, because he ralsos bis oyos to Heaven and escapes tho anploasant uucunll{ of tookings his fellow-man squaro 1 tho face, Ii hins, bosdbs, the advantnge of an ox- olusive priviloge, and'obviates the isagreeable ty of & reply.\ In tho hands of an axpert itia also an extromdly convement meihad of Satterlug and fuwi ~=New Xork Sun,