Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 21, 1874, Page 3

THE CHICAGO " DAILY TRIBUNE SATURDAY, MARCH 21, 1874, 3 et e e o] SUMNER'S LAST SPEECHES. His Notion of the Centen- nial Celebration and World’s Fair. Fanciful Procession of Enropean Na- tions into Memorial Halls How He Would Have Had the Hundredth Anniversary Celebrated. A Tribute to Liberty and a Blow at Scheming, {T'he Iast notable utterancos of the lnte Charlos Bumnor in the Unitod Statos Sonate woro called put by the now Centonnial bill, whioh proposed £0 open tho war for & national reaponsibility for tho Philadelphia Exhibition. Ono of theso ooches was made Friday, Fob. 27: and the :‘t’hur. Fridny, March 6. Duth were briof, but Glogiont. ‘o last hins been widoly quoted fxom, and wo reproduco the first iu full, a8 it has both intrinsio morit aud & keon interost dorived from tho circumstanco that it was one of tho last of Mr, SBumner's fiual addrosses. TIHE ADDRESS, Mr. BUMNER—I sond to the Chalr an amend- mont to_strle out all aftor tho enacting olaus and ineort— The PRESIDENT &n’o tomporo—The worda proposed to bo Insorted will bo reail. ‘L ho Chiof Olork rond na follows: That tho celobration of the one hundredth anniver- sary of the Declaration of Tudepondence siiould be na- tiohal {n chnracicr, 80 88 fitly to commotnorate tha bo- gluniog of the Amerlcan Ropublics and that [ts furtnor conduct should be left in the hands of tho Commiasioucrs appaintod nnder the act of Congress approved March 3, 1871, subjoct to tuo condition oz~ prensly sot forth in such.act, ¢ (bt tho Unlted States ‘Blnll not be lisblo for any oxpenso attondiug such ex- hiibition or by reason of thesamo,” Mr, SUMNER—I am often struck by the vi- clesitudos of business and dobate 1n this cham- ber. For weeks tho Nenats hus boen engaged in considering tho fluancial condition of tho coun- fry, whoroy amidst groat divergeuce of opinion, oll havo boon suxious to holp tuo Tronsury. Anu now, lesving this subjoct unfinished, a bill is Intorjeotod wiioso practical ovjoct 18 to come mit Congresa to a schomo which “will cost mill- ious of monoy, Icannot err when I say mull- jong. Tl will appear in the briof explauation which I now make. Certain gentlomen in Philadelphin, to whom I rofor with respact, conceived some time ago_the idoa of cammentorating 1n that city the hun- drodth anniversaty of American Indopendeuce. The idea wae oxcollont, and the place soleoted* waa poculiarly prover for in Philadelpbis snt tho Continental Congress which put forth the great Denlaration. Too much caunot be said in favor of the com- memoration. Tho 4th of July, 1776, in Philadel- phin, witnessed not ouly the beginning of the Amoriosn Nopublio, buv also the beginning of Ropublican justitutions on carth, Down tothat date no Ropublic Lad existed founded on the two distiuctive principles aunounced by our fathors, thet all men aro equal in rights, aud that just governmont stands only on tho con- seut of the governed ; nor bad any auci Repub- lic been deccribed by historian or philosophor. Grooco and Rome, Venica and Gouoa, wore Ro- publica in nsme ouly. How faeblo tho specula- tions of Sidnoy and of Montesquiou by thie sida of the precise dotinition first euunciated by our fathers! Pardonme for calling attention to this contrast. 1do it, because I would not fail to impress upon you the poculinr grandour of tho auutversary, markiog, I_repoat, not ouly the begioning of thio American Republic, but of Re- puplican wnstitutione on earth; ma. king one of the groatest epocus of buman history. Tu this statomont I do not exsggorato. Onlys slight acquaintance with the tiwes shows that the dny was so regarded. h{ many contemporaries, whose liberal spirit onabled them to discern his- torical events tn tho light of roason. Or theue,” 1 zelect John Adams, swhoso romarkiablo words, early and late, show more thau those of any other perdon the moguitude of the occasion, Joffer- son, who stated the groat priaciples so well, was » loss prophotic spirtt. Wao does not thrill at the words of John Adams, writton at tho time: ‘Yostorday the greatest queation was_deoided which sver was dobated in America,aud a_greater, porhaps, pover was nor will be decided among men. . . , o 1 am surprised ut tho suddenness as woll s grentnoss of this revolution, « . Itiathe will of Heaven tbat thie two countries should bo sundored forover, ‘I'nen, a8 tho toil,and blood.aud sreasure it will cost to maiutan the Deolaration rise boforo him, the prophet excluiwms : celebration, in which the peoplo of tha whols country should participato, it ehoild havo the sanction of tho Congress of tho United Btates, Buch fn the preamblo, bnln¥ the koy to tho statuto. Nntllinf hore of an International ax- hibition, Nuthing loro of a Woild's Fair. Nov, insist that o World's Fnlr s somothing w0 well known in charaoier, Dostdos 80 largo, 0 grandioss, so magnificont, that it is not to bo inforred out'of vaguo and un- cortain Ianguage. It must bo spoclfically namod and dencribod, "T'ho purpose of Congroas {s atill farthor ap- parent in the oxpress conditions of Bec. 71 Thiat no'compensantion for norvices sball be paid to the Commissiotiors or other olficora provided by this actsrom the Treasury of the Umled States; and the United Statea shall not be liable for any expensea attend- {ng auch exhibition or by reason of the same, Lnn?m‘:a could not bo strongor to roliove the Unitod Statos of all liability, and to throw it absolutely upon tho Commisstoners undor the nct, Tromombor well the pasengo of this bill, and I know what was intended, for I drow theso words mysalf, They wore meant to bonotice' to nll concornod that the Unitod States would as- sume no pocuninry rosponaibility in the premises. Buch was the boginning of. thia businoss, But after awhilo tho commemoratton of Amerlean Indoqufldnlloe and tho national birthdwy, which so fliled tho soul of the eldor Adams, was not enough for our Commissioners, and thoy undor- took to supploment the national colebration by a World's Kair. To my miudono of thess is enough for any Commission. . ‘Lhe two togothor aro too much, They ' are more than any Commission ought to undoriake. Bui this {8 n mild “statomont. Tho -iwo are ossontinlly soparate and distinot in cbaracter, being inharmonious, inconsistent, and incon- gruous. ‘Tho two do not go togethor nnlumll{ and yot thoy arn to bo put togother, Thoy will bo no botter than twins bouud togother by an unoatural ligament, ro as to bo a constant bur- “don to each other—of which thoso now oo the ,tablo of . thy: surgaons in Philadelphia aro the ‘unbappy profotype, oach stunting and dwarfing the othor. Ono 1a essontinlly national und do- moatio ; thoother intornational and cosmopoli~ tan, Ono is for the American poopis; tho other for sll pooplo. Ono is to oxait Ropubli- can institutions and advance their predostined away; tho othor is to court and wia tho monar- chilos'of tho Old World to appear at our great banquet, and to awoll its pomp. 1 soe now the ntatoly prucession as it files into tho listoric Hall ot the opeulng cerowmonies. Thore is England, tho workshiop and counting- houuo of the world, to whom wo are bound by two gront tios of rolationsbip, blood snd com- moroa: hor Quoon appoars ou the auniversary of Loxington aad, taking a soat on tho ponitoutinl benchos, lstons to tho great Declaralion, winle it arraigns her grandfather, George IIL ns *‘a Princo whose charaoter is marked by overy act which may doflne & tyrant:” and thoro tho Queon eita until the annivorsary of Yoritown. France is thero also, the original ally by whose blood and tronsure Indopendence .was as- sured, who witnossed in her own fear- ful Rovolution the firat-fruits of ours, and at bor hoad is & military Preeident, s boliever in ‘mounrchy, who does not willingly listen to the praiso of Republican govornmont. I seo Spnin also, not £o Lo forgotton aa au ally of onr fathors, tardily lending ber floots, with » manly, gener- ous pooplo, aud at hor hoad s suothor military Prestdent, with no love for tho l!u})ubliu. Iam Ind to rocognize Italy, tho home of art and tho Find o listary, making bor forovar mtofasting ; and this ancient new-born nation appears by two sovoreigns, Victor Emnuuel, ber Kiug, Lelieving in Kings, and the Pope, Pius IX., who bover fails to givo his prayers and sympathies to Kinga. Thoro also is Gormany, whoss com- manding position in the civilized world 1s ns- sured by her nen, mightier ovon than her sword, and whose ohildron nre our fellow-citizons ; and thia great Power appears by her Emperor, who bolioves in tho “xight divine,"aud in tokon thereof, at his coronstion as Prussinu King, allowed no lhand but his own to lacoe tho crown _ upon his sncrod head. Austria is by the side of Germauy, with ancient prejudices dissolviug in the sun- light of modern improvement, and with & Huu- garlan robol a8 Primo Ministor, and tlis nation, still great, though shoin of former proportions, appears by her Emperor, tho reprosentative_in blood and plaes of lus progenitor, Joseph II., who, declining to meot Frankim, eaid, **A; businoss is to bo_aroyalist.” Thero, also, aro Bolgium, Holland, Donmark, and Swedon, each with & Kiog, And thote aiso is ftussia, our tra- ditional ally, whose growing oivilization is illus trated by & greut act of Emancipation aud En- franchiscmont always to shine in tho history of the human family, and this wide-sprend Empiro appears by hor Czar. Behind are Turkey and Hgypt, onch it tho llon in Paradise, pawing to ot froo ite hinder parts,"—oue appearing by the Ottoman Sultan, ond the othor by its Khe- divo rejoicing n his weslth and in his new-found titlo of uvrepublican sovereignty. All theso take thoir places on tlio 19th of April, not to mova till tha 10tk of Octobor. Suck b least is tho ‘angrnmmo; such is the iden of thie ponding bill. Just in’ proportion s they fail to appear, will thore bo disappointmont, it not loss, 1 not in porson, then by plonipotén- Yet throughall tho gloom, X can neo the ay of Tav- {shing ligut and glory, and that postorlty will triumph in that duy's transaction, In barmony with this inspired declaration was Johu Adams to tho ead, In 1780 ho foretold the spread of tho English languago so that it would bo tho langusge of tho world, under impulso from Amorica ; and in 1787 he foretold that our thirtoon governments wera * dostined to spread over the nurtuern part of the wholo quaitor of the globe,” being North Amorica, At the same time ho lot drop othor words, showing how tho fuiure of the Republic filled his soul : : A prospect into futurity o America is like con~ temylatiug the heavena through the teloscopa of Her~ nchel. Oujects stupendous in thelr magnitudes and motlons strike us from all quericrs and A.1us with smuzement. (Usfenss of ~ American Congtitution, Works, Vol.vi,, p218.). o the samo spirit the samo prophot wrote to Thomas Jofferson, Nov. 15, 1813+ Muny hundrod years must roll away before we shall bo_cortupted, Our. pure, virtuous, public-spiritad, federativo Republic, will list foraver, guvern the globe, and Introduco thp perfection of mun. (Jeferson's Conmiplets orks, Vol. 6, v, 238, 'And you again, when life was still moro ad- yanced, and ho woro the orown of yoars,he wrota to H. Niles, Feb. 13, 1818 : Tho American Revolution was not_a common ovent, It olfoct and consoquences lave alroaly bisn awlul over ngreat patt of tho globe. And when and where are they to ccuser (Works, Vol z, p. 382) The ecffocts awful, and whoen and where are they to censo? In such words this groat proph- et testiiled to tho day wo aro about to celebrato. T adduco thoso utterances to show how com- plotely and_eevorely nationally is the anuiver- #nry—hovw it grows out of tho opening prologue of our history—how, therefore, 1t shontd bo kept “in constant subjection to the gonius of that day. Snch, T am persunded, was the-origianl idoa ; guch, I am sure,was the iden of the Henate whon it ndopted the first Dill on this suvject. Atten- tion bhas beon called to the language of that bill, inasmuch as it uses the term “international ” as weoll as ‘' national,” But it is_impomsible to road thec Lill carcfully without scoing that its ruling iden was the cole- bration of the hundredth birthday of the Ameri- can Republic, and the bciinuing of ity great ex- ample. Bofar as the *jutornutional” olement is mtroduced, it Is ouly as an incident to the great prinoipal. 8o Lttlo was this rogardod &t tue timo—uo nmlrvli was it absotbed in tho na- tionai character of tho colobration, that it made Tittlo or no impreasion, whilo Congiess oxprossly guardod agaimst any oxponso on account of the axhibition. Aund, in fulfillment of this iden, the Commissionors liave alrendy voted that tho ex- hibition shall begin on tho 19th of April, the an- niversory of Loxiugton, and closo on the 19th of October, the aunivereary of Yorktown,—thus by motes and bounds of ” timo marking ostenta- tiourly the national oharacter of tho occauion, To show how plain this is in the statute, Elrnuo consider it precise languago, An ere I bogin with tho proamblo, In early days of parliamontary history the pream. ble played s gioat part. Bome proam- blea aro olaquont moreels of bistory and. tyle, *and 1 am disposed to placo this among them,” It bogins: Whereas, the Declaration of Indepondence of the Tnited Btates of America was proparcd, rignod, aud promulguted i tho year 1770, 1u the City of Puliadol- phis, ‘This statemont, doubtless, was to socure the calabration for Philadelphia, It then proccedst Ana whoreas, it behooves th peopla of the United Statea to celobraly by uppropriate ceratunten, the con~ tenial snnivorsary of this memorable aud declsiva ovent, which coustitutes the 4th duy of July, 1770, the irttiday of the natiou, It will bo observed how distinctly we are re- minded of tho birthday of the nation to bo cole- brated by appropriato ceremonios—all of which is national, and not international, ‘Chen followa: And whereas, it is deowned nmnr that thecomplotion of the firat contury of our national existance sliall be commemoratod byan exhibition of tho nntural tesourcos of the countryand thelr developwent, aud of fts progresa to hoks arts waich Leuefi munkind, in cone parlson with thoss of older natfons, , Here you will see how tho products of older natious are trouted as a mere inoident o the ox- hibition, which is essentially natioual, The pre- amblo then proceeds : d whereas, no place Is so appropriate for such an l'l?llnhlllzn 88 tho nflly n W‘Il(filpofl{;\ln'fld the cvc:n 1y 18 designed to commemorate, Thus sgaln roforring to Philadelphia as the oper place n‘f thon the preamble closon tary will they all appoars but the plonipoten- tiary, whito on this sorvico, 8 tho soveroign. But will thoy appoar? Should we invito them to appear ? Imoy orr; but to my mind it is platn that tho proposed combination is a mistake which, 1¢ por- sisted in, must end in dotriment to tho anui- versory and to the World's Fair, If ono gains the othier muet suffer. Now, I do not menu to say that the poople will not coma from foroign lands, I believo they will, and with thom artists and artieans, or thoir works. {An interruption ocourred here, in which it was stated that Sweden had accopted the invita- tion, Mr]. BUMNER—Sweden is a power for which T have groat reupoot, aud Lior ruler I kuow to_be enlightoned, while hor most distivguisbed citizen i oue with whom I had the goud furfune to form relations of friondship boro in Washington which will last as lonias life, I thereforo cannot refor to Bwedon oxcopt with roa];ect and honor, But Sweden does not lead the Lurapean houschold ; Sweden doos not sit at the head of tho fonst. All Dier prosont respoctability, all tho memorics of Gustavus Adolpbus and Gustavus Vass, are in Jain to plnce Lorow in auy commendivg atli- .tude. But doos Bwedon know the terms of this proceeding? Docsshe kaow tho twin charactor of tho duy, that wo oro to colobiat the bogin- niug of republican institutions, whilo at the sumo time we proclsin & World's Fair? Whu interruptod I was rowmarling that I did not doubt that mnuy artists and aruwans would come 3 and I was about to add that thoy will not move 1o full forco oxcept uuder tho quickening influonces of European Governmonts, inspirad by kindly sympathy. All thia wili bo especially needed o counteract the impediments of dise tance, and also the smallor touintation to exhib- itors from the comparative smallness of popula- tion, At the World's I'air of Londou, Paris, and Vienna, all Europo, with a population of 475,- 000,000, was prosont by daily visitors aud witnoeses, 8o thav what was “oxbibited be- csme kuown at once throughout thut immense poople, Hero was a aphero by the sido of whioh our forty millions must scomn small. "Uhis difi- culty can be overcomo on our part only by supe- sior effurt aud corcoupondiog utlay of mouey. Are worendy for such outlny ? This outlay is enforced also by the examples ot ather natious, who havo lavished largo sums on tho structures bt for the occasion. Among the fine arts, architocturo is one of tho most beautiful, as it is the most comprohensive, embracing ail other aris, especinlty dosign pamuufz‘ soulpture. Who does not see that a structure liko this Capitol is a ploturo 1 ione—that it ia postry in stono? But the editlca to récoivo tho art trensures of the world muat bo o monument in charactor, "'lhoro is another impedimont, which iy in the pature of & warning, Tho proposed fair will come only three yeurs after thut of Vienua, This ia_too soon for such an effort. A longer Interval is neoded, that thero may Lo & now and full crop of inveitions, of productions, and of works of art, A world's fair {8 not an nnuual gleat, toworing ‘with tho rose aud thie applo-troe, t requires time for its boautiful and variogated flower, Its. stem must bo largo, hoalthy, and well nourishiod by yoars. I am sorry to bo obliged to sny these thinga, T wish it wore otherwise, for I have much 1espect and kindnoss for the gontlomen ow engaged in this buelnoss, But L find mysolf admonisued by rosolution which has pussed the Massachusotty Senate, although it bas failod in the other House. X will vond It s Jtezolved by the Senate and Ifouse of Representatives of Musauchugetts in General Court wssembied, Thut, in Vlow of the important part which Massachurotts per- formed fu tho events £o bo commomorated, butl by the lsdom of hor stateanion and the bravery of her sal- dicra; in view of thie {utimute relations establishied in our oarly history botween_Mussuachusetia und Penuyl- Yania, oiir Bouutors and Ropresentatives fu Congross Lo und aro requested to give thelr suppart o nil Tea- sonable Cougressional approprintions whick may be re« quired to curry on the proposed Centennial Exposition 1 stich nanner as to wiake 1t w compiete represontation of the various sndustries vf the nation, and a worlhy {ributa lo Uhots great wen wha secured Jor s the sncat madle blessings af o free yepublio, In the conclusion of the Benate of Masanchu- fatty, I conour, Thoy eay nothing of a World's Fair, white they rojuice in_the proposed come momoration 6f tho natlonal birthday, Pardon mo if Iadd to this authority the tostimony of private citizen, in & letter to myself, who hLay given muoh atbeution to this subjaot s . The Coutennial celobration of 1873 should be first only a grateful vindleation of 1770, to comwemorate the groat day, J and foremost, and, I think it scarcely too much to say, + Andwhatess, 8a the exbibition should bes natfonal 1 should be severely aud grandly sim) _nuuu%:m-u'u!: lf'n grandly slmple ok oatens 1t should Le inexpensive for a thoussnd obvious zennonn; but, sbova all, bocause it doos not hacome & natinn, Any moro than au_indivliuslon the vargs of bankeiipley, to bo extravagant, oapecially at tho' mo- ment when the attontion” of tho syorld . 1a invited o tho n:mly and imitution of her mothods of sman- agoment. ; G“ should bo nationnl and not provinelsl, It should Do roconductod that all and nots few only can par- tclpato fn it Tt shiould not Involve the displacoment of large ‘moancs of paoplo, which is_porllous fo the henlth, oz ponaive, and mor or leas domoralizing, 1t shiould be free from every feature caleulatod to soctiouslizo or ivido the country, and be ao mnnugod as to socure iho groatest posaiblo lnrmony snd unonimity. It should o as educating and elovating in fta Infuances as possible, both In thia snd forolga countrios, All thieno results may bo seoured by proper instru- mentalitics, X think nono of them wiil bo If the Tldladelpbia achomo 18 encouraged by the Federal Govarnmont any further, Of tho international part of it, tho converting it into a European fafr, with an Ameriean cornor for Yankee notions, I will not trust myself to speak, To all those considerations I add yet another. A World's Fair is cesouiinlly govornmontal in charaotor, Buch it has boen in other countries, sud such, I fear, it must bo in ours, The Goy- ornment fnvites, tho Govornment_is host ; tha Government, thoreforo, must gnide and shape its conduet, and must pay the oxponaes, as if it ‘woro the army or navy. Undortaking this sor- viee, it muat delormine whoro the fair shall be bold—n which of tho two Capitalsof the Union— Washington, the potitical capltal, or New York, tho commotcial capital, 1t must at onco tako chargo of tho onloTrl!B, lenving to our Phil- adeolpbia friouds the commemoration of tho Rroat day and its marvolous fruita. But thero s somotling carior and moro prac- tical. 1t is to bring tho Philndelphia ontorpriso at onco in subordination to the original idea—io abandon the ex post facto subsiituto, and make tho commomuration mnatiounl and republican. Two victorios of principlo, I traat, will awoll the grandour of thoday: First, tho roturn to spe- olo. paymants, so that avery eitizen may have pieco of gold In his pockat; snd mecondly, tho complete recognition of the equal dgula of all, 6o that the firanl Deolaration may no longer bo'n promiso only but a living renlity. Then will tho colobration bo grandor than any Roman tri- umph ; grander than any Hobrow jubilco. ——— AMERICAN WATCHES. Onpitel Invested and the Movements « Made. Description of the Different Manufac- tories, Three in Successful Operation in | Illinois. Attompta to Start Others. Only twenty-ono years hiave clapaed sinco the ¢ Boston Lunatic,” as ho was called, Mr. A. L. Denison, coucelved tho iden of making watchos by machiuery, and tho first watch over made by that procoss, loss than a scoro of yoars ago, is still in the posesssion of Mr. Edward Hdw~ard, of the Howard Watch Company, of Boaton High- lands, Butthe dny of sncoring at maobine- mado watchea lins gono by, and the products of thoso machines, firat built by Denison, Howard, David P, Davis, and P. 8, Battlott, ara not_only flooding the wholo United States and South Americn, but have found their way across the Atlantic and Pacifio, and are throatoniug sorions compotition with tho old watchmakers of the Freuch workshops aund tho Bwies valloys. No doubt Plato's clopsydra (the fivst olock know) scomed & wondorful thing to thoso old Grecks who frst watched tho water as it trickled slowly through tho bottom of o vase, on whose gides wore mnrked tho twonty-four hours of n dny, but wo willingly loayo to thom thoir water clocks, whilo e rond the time from a Springfield. & Howard or Unlted States, or from an Elgin watch, mado by our own citizons at the factory of tho Elgin Watch Company, at. Elgin, Ill. Itis ivtended to givo some accouant of this gront Amorican entorpriso, one whuch roflects such high credit upon its pooplo, and which proves, moro than anythlug elso can do, that our American poople aro oqual to any in tho world for the accuracy, finish, and porfection of their manufactures. Wo find in the American manufactorios the fullost embodi- ment of manufacturing skill, aud tha highest posuiblo oxemplification of tho fact tast tho United States of America can show the world a porfoct rosult 1o tho finest aud most scioutific olass of mechanism, Watchmakivg stands at tho hend of all scientific and mathomalical ma- chino-work. Thoe mnking of cutlery, naodlos, eto,, with which it is somoctimes ‘compared, dwindles ioto insignificauce ss cowmpatatively coarsoe manufactures. CONSTANT PROGNESS. Tow peoplo Linve auy idea of tho capital, s¥iil, and judgment required in this business. Huu- dreds of thousauds of dollara have been spent in tho various designs, pattorus, machinos, which oven then have been cast aside for ime proved pattorns, or such clianges as are sug- gested.by the restless ambition of tho manufac- turer to arrive st nothing short of absoluto porfection. To muke a resumo of this imnor- tant business we have to stato that ovory day tho public are becoming moro oxacting. Movonients which satisfled tho goneral wants of purchasers four or flvo years ago would find havdly any salo to-day. ‘Tho country ia bouter suppliod with rog- ulntors, aud more frequent comparisons aio made, Home manufrotirers bave appreciated this vory proper demaud for greater uccuraov, and aro turniug ont movements which Lavo ail tho desiiablo Yoxm of good time-koopors, and aro very dutable, TORRIGN WATOHES. Tho result has beon that overy day shows in- croased confidouce on the part of those woaring Amorican watchos, and they aro csger buyers, ‘Thiero may bo some projudice till existing ; old habits of business awo dificult to sover, and some fow jowslors may still ling to selling for- oign watches, The result of this bas sliaost in- varinbly beon o loss of trade, in thi the most importaut and lucrative of the branches of their business. It would bo worse than ridiculous to 8Ay that admirable moyoments are not produced sbrond, and that foreign watches are not sold by correot aud' honest dealers, who represent thoir goods as thoy really are, Dut comparing the quantity of geod work with the absolute trash, tho former is oxceodingly limited. For one good watch of Swiss mnke, 1,000 poor Swiss watches aro sold; and it18 just horo that tho production of Americsu brains and ands exerus its supromaoy, for il Amorican watches mnada by rospousible American . mauufacturars are ex- collent, Of thoso we have soven and we will givo a fow facts of ench ono of them below. Let us commonce with the ELOIN NATIONAL WATOII COMPANY, not becauso it is & home inatitution, but as thoy have oblained a national reputation for the re- liability of tho watchee mauufactured by thom. ‘Lhey have been hesid fromin every part of the aivilized world, and in all cages, uithough ofton subjected to the severost tests of changing cli- mate and rough usago, wearers bove exprossed tise highost commendation of thoir time-kecping qualitios, sdjustmont, aud durability, The stook of this Company, amouuling to 51,500,000, is owned mostly by Ohicago_citizons, and all the Dirgctors are algo favorably known in conuection with pther branchon of business in this city, TIE BPLENDID FACTORY 18 altunted at Elgin, ocoupying over throo acres ur‘fi:mund, and only last yoar there has boen added n new building at a cost of 75,000, From tho gonoral offices horo, in the first story of the Amorican Expross Cnmgnuy‘n building on Mon- Too straot, noar Stato, tho (rado Iy suppliod with thair delicate and acowurate time-keopers. This bianeh s in tho hands of Maj, D, W, Whitllo, thio Goneral Agont of tho Company, who bas two sub-ngents, ono in tho East,at No, 1 Maiden lane, New York, and the other iu the extrome Weut, at 8an Francieco, ‘Tho latter has saveral timos vis- itad tho Baudwich Islands, Chins, and Japan, fo- troducing thore the Elgin watohes, aud even tho King of the Bandwich Islands is wearing an El- I(in watoh bought at & juwoler's shop in Hono- ulu, Durlng the last yoar soveral hundred of TUEIR SQVEMENTS lave boon alse exported to Lngland, notwith- stauding tho high entry dutios, The Company 16 said to baye doubled the sales in Cahifornin sud the mining rogions, since tho introduction of & patent dust-excluder, the onlyone offectual; closing the works, The Elgin Natioual 1Watc] Company manufaotures sixtcen diffaront move- monts, nn{nug iu prive from $13.60 to BGT.60, twelve of them boing tull plate movemonts, and four, mamed Doxtorstrot, Gmil Lorden, Lady Elgin, and Francis Ruble, ladios’ watchos, Tho yoarly incroase of the number of womon engagod in businoss, meobanical, professional, snd oducatlunal purgnits has croated a domand | among American women for- watohos that will Xkaop time, whoro horotofors ornamentation of cnsing and novolty of dosign Liavo beow coneld- ered sufliclont to soll to thom the most wortliloss claus of Bwias timepiccon, THE LADIES' WATOHES of this foctory now in market aro as completoin boauty of fimsh and i time-kooping qualitios s I8 possibls for watchos of similar grades and cost to be, Iu former yoars this Company bas beon annoyad by tho uale of choeap Imitations, mado in Switzorlund, which {» stopped now by tho law of Cougress of March 3, 1871, aftording rotaction from frauds of this charactor, During rn!tyonr tho Oamlmny found thnt n_good many watdlies mado by thoe Intornational Watch Com- pany, of Sebahauson, woro naid to confiding Purchasors by tho simflarity of tho namo, and to Btop thix also thoy changod the uame on Feb 28 from ** National Wateh Cumpnny” to * Elgin er'fl‘onnl Watoh Company."” 0 NEW YORR WATOI GOMPANY, of Springflold, Mara., was organized in April, 1807, with o capital stock of £600,000, owned in Now York and Bpringfield. Tho Company was formed and located in Bpringflold through the offorts of Homer Foot, tho heaviost stockholdor, and ‘since 1871 tho Tronsurcr of ' the Company, This enterprise was tho outgrowth of the old Mozart Watch Company of Providonca, R. I, whero patt of the machinory of the prasont Com- any was built in the summoer of 1867. The fac- ory waa started for the manufacture of stom- winding_watolios. . Tho manufscturo of stom- windora by machinory hiad not then beon oarrled to' porfeotion, and after spouding $160,000, and roducing 2,000 watches that would not kee) imo, and are now lving idle in tho Company's #nfo, the buslnoss was susponded, In March, 1869, thoy bogan making machinery for a three-quartor plato movowout, and the firat one was finishiod by Soptember ., of tho samo yoar. On tha 27th of Trll, 1870, tho faotory was dostroyed, but robullt immodintely. Sinco that timo tho' Springfiold waiches have bosn atoadily izmw(n n popularity, till thoy are to Le found all ovor this ocountry and Caunds, and even in far-off Calino and Valparaiso, on the Pacific const of South Amorica. 'Tho price at wholegnlo mnsinu from 814 to £200, and tha Tighoxt geade 1s univorsally ncknowlodged to bo oqual to any watch mado In tho countiy. TIE AMERIOAN WATCIL COMPANY, OF WALTHAYM, MASS., is tho ol2est one in oporation and commands a good trade, During tho panlo, last year, thoy suapended work entirely, and Intond In futuro to manufacture ouly atom-winding watches, aud thoroforo ara closing out somo of thoir koy- winders at a sacrifico, ‘I'bere s not another movument In the United States, of which so many havo beon sold as of the I B, Bartlett, Tae Company claims to bave sold of 1t_during the last yoar alone over 15,000, .P; B. Bartlett, alter whom tho movoment was namod, was for- merly foremaw ol Waltham, which he Yot to ns- slst in tarting the Elgin factory, in which he oocupics now a prominont position. Dosides manufaoturing & largo varloly of movemonts this Compnny nlso oporstes the largest caso factory in the United Btatos. Their genoral ngonts, Robbins & Aopleton, of New Yo and Doston, aro reprosooted Lord by Mr. ale. TIE UNITED STATES WATON COMPANY, of Ma~iou, N. J., manufactures fifty different movements, rn\)filng In price from $10.50 to $460, all of which show an oxpericnced and ar- tistic finish. Most of their watches aro made of unickel motal, only a fow of brass. Formerly these watchos bad too loavy balances, which mado them stop ousily, and thotoforo they did not tako very woll with watchmakers. Dut dur- ing tho last yoar tho Compauy manufactures only movemonts with a light balance aud a new patont regulator, for which thero iy much call. T'hoir finor watcbes show system and efliciency inall tho machinery omploved and mnrvelous finish of tho movements. The gouoral oflices of the Company are with Gilos, Walters &. Co., at No. 13 Maiden Lano, New York. Tho Chicago agoncy is in the hinnds of Messra. Gileg Bro, & Co., 266 and 263 Wabash avouue. 3 'TIIE IOWARD WATCH AND OLOCI COMPANY of Boslon, Mass., {8 ownod by dlessrs. I, How- ard & Co., aud makes the best stem-winding watch mado in tho United Btaten, They also manufncture sovon other different movements, all of them threo-quarter i)lah!, and of firat-class quality. hoir factory also turns out somo of tno flnest regulatprs sud clock-ware, which ace g0ld 1n_tho Weat by tho Watorbury Clock Com- pany, in tho Arende Building, on South Clark strost. 2 TIE BPRINGFTELD WATOI COMPANY of Springfiold, Ill, manufacture o first-claes movomont, bult it doos not tako woulwith tho publie, s traln of tho watcl heving o elow ont. 'Deing o now company, thoir trade is nob fully estoblishod_yet, but to carry it on succesa- fully in_compotition with tho other large fac- tories, they will have to raiso their capital, Tho prices of tholr movements range from 816.50 to §70. They sell dircctly to retailors, not recog- nizing any inteimediato jobbing agonoy. Ho doos also . TIE CORNELL WATOI COMPANT, ¢ of Cornoll, Ill., which was atarted in the fall of 1871 by Paul Cornelt. Tho mauvagoment of the concern is in tue hands of I\ C. Williams, the Vice-Prosident, known aa an onergetic and en- torprising business man. 8o far this Company turns out cight difforent movemonts, all of which aro provided with » motion of 18,000 beats or hour, ~Thoir watches have lately beea intto~ uced on the Illinois Central Rallrond, which ugson tho door of tho factory at Graud Cross- ing, nitie miles bouth of hore. ROCKIORD. Apprecinting the magnitude and importance of this branch of trade and manufactures, Rool- ford hus Intely made stronuous offorts to start a watch-faotory, but so far not succeeded. Omno bundred thousand dollars aro subscribed. but thoy want to have twice that amount before cummencing. ROCK ISLAND * ‘has a-watch-faotory withiu its limits, bat not in oporation, nor Lis it ever been, the owners fighting each other In tho courts since the start of the Company, which is called in honor of tho great German composer, * Mozart." TAXATION, EeLVRN GrovE, Til, Maveh 1, 1674, To the Editor of The Clucaqo Tridune: B : In your isue of the 16th inst. thero was anarticlo hoaded * State Taxes," which ought to command the attention of every taxpayer in the State of Illinois ; and in connection therewith, end ga alluded to in enid articlo, tho Hon, Aloxander Starne, Semator from Sangamon County, desorves tho oternal gratituda of tho poopla of Hiivols for his fearless and indopond- ent courroe in the Senate upon the rovenue ques- tion. 'Tho article here alluded to cortainly uovolls the evils of the presont systom in all its deformity, and shows clearly where the burden rests, No good oitizen desires to evado pay- ‘mont of his juat shore of taxation for the sup- port of tho Government under which ho lives; but, whon such becomes 8o oppressive, end ko onjustly'and unoqually levied, as to threaton some with utter ruin while othors escape with & nominal amount, it is not strango that peoplo bogin to remonstrato and inquire for the causo. That farmers ore the groatest sufferors urder tho prosent plan, is obvious to any disintorosted observer. The writer hereof conld, at the pros- eut time, lease & farm anywhoro in the country, equal to his own, for loss rent than tho taxes which Lie pays on his own possessions, Porbaps in no other thing the American poo- legboen more rockloss and extravagant than in axing thomselves, or rather in_taxing ono an- othior: for often tho taxpayer has but littlo to eny in tho mattor,—that being tho prerogative of tho offico-holdor and tax-eatord, ‘The only ray of light that beams through the darl loud at proseit fs in (o united oorts of tho farmora and indopondent votors at our com- ing oioctions, who, it trae to Eliomselves, will wield & power not yot anticipated, Iut, unless womo romody i found for the sbove griovances, it cannot bo coucenled that thero are many who Lave n{mut many {nnm in making homes for thomsolves and famflics in Iilinais, who will poek sheltor in other lands, pUSIA i e ey . A Quasi-Universal Artillory. The Borsenzeitung, of Berlin, soys that the Gormnn systom of aruitlory has now boen adopt= ed by many foreign Btates” in_all parts of the world. ' Tlio Governmout of Chill hine ordered two feld batteries to bo armad with the Krum f{“lll“ and tho groator part of tho Bpanish artil- lory ia composod of guus made according to the #amo syatom, A portion of the srmy of Japan iuatrendy armed with tho Prussian nocdlo-gun, and Krupp guns will probably alo bo jntraducod in that country, Tho sume gune are now adaptod by Russin, Bolglum, and Roumanie, Tho "Turk- ish Government has ordorad & number of them for its flold artlllery ; Italy bas ‘converted its bronze guus accordiug to” the Kmps vroech- loading systom, and Austria will graduslly ra- placo 1ty fleld guns by Krupp breech-losdors, The ueo of tho German navul gun is aven 1more gen- oral thun that of the flold guns, Austria has long unod thom, and oven Chinun possoxscs & con sidorablo nuabior of thom, As to L'runce, she would hiave had Krupp guus both for hor flotd and hor marino urtillery long ngo, if thero wero any prospaots of hot orders mufll exconted, for ;gax7uutere«l into nogotiations with that object in SWING--PATTON. The ¢ lnierlor" Manifesting Shrewd- ness at the Exponse of : Fair-Dealing, That Paper Londing Itself to Unjust Mis- representation. Its Unfoundod Statbment that an Attempt Had Deon Mado to Subjoot It to an Ex-Parto Trial. Palton’s Assault upon ' Swing Not # Critiolsm,” in Any Proper Sonse of the Word. The Interlor and Ity Hiding-Plnce. To the Edilor of The Chicago Tribune: Bmn: 1t cannot have oscaped tho constant roadors of tho Inferior that that Journal some- . timos shows, In its managomout, a good denl of “{he wisdom of tho sorpont.” It is nob always wlso, Ofton, indoed, it i far othorwise. Bub tho intelligont reader must givoe it oredit for dis- ploying, in its last {ssue but ono, unusual ehrowdness. He might, indoed, objoot tlat this shrowdness is manifestod AT THE EXPENSE OF MAGNANIMITY and fair-dealing, towsrds thoso who diffor from it. Dut this would hardly bo reasooable, from tho simplo fact that extorminators of hercsy are not expootod to be magnanimous. It would not. do for them to be addicted to melting moode. Tholrs fa n stern duty, and any wonk and womon- ish " tonderness for tho foolinga of othors would unflt them for tho discharge of that duty. 8o ‘much may bo said by way of apology for the Fi- terior, which lont itsel, in it lnst issuo, to tho worl of omphusizing and spreadiog abroad stilf more widely, cortain erronecous motions which 1ind boan formed of the action racently taken by seyoral ministora of tho Presbytery of Ghicago. “What was that action, and what was the ground of it? Ithas beon widely roproscnted a8 an attack upon a man whoso only offense Wwas that ho had oxercisod 118 UNQUESTIONED RIGHT to criticlas publicly the publishoed views of auother man, What wero tho facts? Profs, Patton snd Bwing had beon engaged in o controvorsy—bogun and pursucd with gront energy by the former—upon the question of Inspiration, and upon that alono., Often, and at groat longth, Prof. Patton lnd discussed tho publishod views of Prof, Swing upon this sub- joct, ad had pronounced them unsound. No- body evor questioned, or thought of quoation- ing, his oditorial right to do so. Fiually he published s long and elaborate srticle, which was wholly dovoted to this same subject of In- spiration, excopt the concluding paragraph of gix or eight lines. In that paragraph, Prof. Patton charged Prof. Swing with rojecting all tho fundamental doctrines of tho Ohristian fai th, which he onumerated ouo by one. If it be said that ho mado no charges—that ho only expres- fod doubtu—I answor, that that speclos of indi- roction was worse than opou, direct chdrges would havo beea. An igdictment g0 swoeping a8 this, involving not only the dootrinal sound- noss, not only the good name, but also thomoral characler of the accused, ought, it would seem, t0 buve boon accompnnied and supported by & vury strong array of proof. Was there any sush proofa? Not onn lino, NORB A WORD. There was nobtoven s hiut exproasal tbat any proof osisted, or could bo bronght forward. 'ho ronder was left to infor that Prof. Swing must bo a rojector of every dootrine of tho Clnatian system becauno, rud only booauso, in tho judgmont of Trof. Patton, ho was hot sound upon tho subject of Inspuation. And it was just this wholesalo and n\vccninr: condom= nation of & man, without trial, and without erit- icism, against which moat of tho miniutors of this city, to whom tho Inferior cavalierly rofora 88 * csteemed gontlomen,” romonstrated. Af- tor they modo their remonstrance, and two weoks after this singularly ill-judzed and hasty condomnation, Prof. Patton undertook to sus- tain his chargos by proof ; with what success I do not hore inquire. : Tho steps of his proceduro thus far, thon, are theso: Ho first condemned Prof. B\\‘inf. and published the sentonce to tho world. He this without trinl, and without crificism, the rights of which ara now heid forth as a shelter and & rofngo. Two weoks aftorwards he—not tho Presbyterv—tiied bim and condemned him agein. One week lator still ho gave notice that ho would try lLim beforo Fres- bytery, whore he hopes he will be condemned again, the third timo, and whore I, too, if ke is quilly, bopo Lbewill bo condemned. 'But whotlier that rosult is reached or not, Prof, Swing will atill bo A MUCH-TRIED and much-condemnod _meu. Tho ateps of tho process onght to have been rovorsed. The finit should havo been ldst, and tho last first. ‘Bat tho one important thing to notice is, that “ some cstormed gentlemon, who Lave tho reli- gious intercsts of Chicago at hemtt," did not protest, and never droamed of protesting, against the Inferior's exorclse of the right of criticism. And this tho Inferior very well knows. Why, thon, doos it go totally mis- mgreunnt the gontleman whom it esteoms ? ~ * len do pot ususily act without a motive. Thoy may misstate another's_opinions through mistake, or from design aud with tho hope of roining’ theroby womo important advantage. Tho Independent, Evangelist, Presbylerian Ban- ner, aud Congregationalist, whosa stricturen the Inlérior quotes, evidently misconcaive, folo calo, this action of the miuistors of this city. Sodaes tho Rov. Mr, Cralg, whoso hich- wrought rebnke, drawn out in a long article, contatns nob & single word that isin pomnt. It i8 slmply n rignt-royal tilt ngainst an antagonist whom his own imagination bas created. But the Inferior knew that those journals and this contributor had miaconcoived the nction of theso proteating ministors. Why did it not set thom righ, and so sot theso *esteomed gentlo- men"” right? Why doos it seek to bide bohind the rights of criticism, when the vory thing compluined of i, that there was no criticism, ut ONLY ABSAULT AND CONDEMNATION ? “There was a word aund & blow, but the blow came trst,” —two weoka bofore the word. Iun- dortake to say that evory unprejudiced man who kuows the facts is heartily in accord with theso “ontecned gentlomen” in their remonstrance against an nttnck 6o extraordinary, and mado by oue presbyter upon another, But the question recucs, Why'doos tho Inferior lend itsolf to such unjust misroprosentations ? Idonot know. Bit Ikoow this: that, it this statoment of the caso should bo indnstriously spread throughout the houuds of the Bynod of Illinols North, it would bitterly prejudice that body againet the Dresbytery of Chicago. For what would thoy say? . They would sny that tho Prosbytery, in tho porsons of many of its ministors, had projudged, in its blind par- visanship, the case of Prof. Swing, and that, In thoir esgornes to vindicato him, thoy had struck down tho sacrod rights of oviticism, and Drof. Patton for daring to exerciso them. For this reason, then, if for no other, the Inferior ouglit at onca to give tome practical evidenco of its rogard for the gobtlomen whom it-profossos to estoom, by SETTING TUEM RIGHT WITIH THE PUDLIC, Thoso guntlomen lave no other wish or desire thau that justice shall be done to all concerned. Wo have o law,” ond if, by that Inw, and by the evidenco that may bo produced, it shatl be found that Prof. Bwiog “ought to dle,” lot him bo #o judged, But lot thore bo no studied mus- rn}:rcunnmtlnn of anybody, Lot the Inferior and all concerncd bo ndmonishied in tho good words of Goorge Horbork: Dare o ba true; nothing can need a o A fuult which needs it niost grows two thoreby £Prof. Swing and tho futerlor. To the Editor of The Chicagio T'ribune: Bm: Tho inclosed artiolo having been deo- olined by the Iuterior, I should Lo glad to have it appear in Tue Trinuxe. LY CuicaGo, Murch 14, 1874, Y TIHOSE EDITORIAT, YUNCTIONS, \To the Edtor of The Interior : * Buis Iam uwaro that it is ot oustomary for mewspapors to admit to their columnys commu- nications in coudemuation of thelr own aots, I trust, howovor, that n sonse of fairnoss will constraln you to publish s singlo roply to numerous editorials, communicated and seleoted articles, Iately appearing in the Interior on {he subjoct rotorred to by the nbove heading. Allow mo, then, in the oulset, to premont a copy of THE NESOLUTIONS which have causod so much debato, They woro aa followa ¢ - Witenwas, Tho Inferfor nowspapor of this city dld, in an editorial in_its insuo of ¥ob, 12, make use of th following languago concerning the Rwv, Prof, Bwing, a Presbyieriun mininter in good and regular cccloning= tieal standing, to wit: *The fact is, thoro aro thoso who doubt—and wo aro among ' them—whothier Prof, Bwing bolloves that Christ {s God; that tho death of OLFlt wun an_oxpiatoty sserifica; tiat wo: aro justifiod by faith alona ; und that the pubialiment of tho wickod is oternal, Thero aro thore who doubt— and weare among them—whother Prof, Swing belioves {nt ha Church-doctrine of the Trinity, and fn tho rogenorating iuiuonco of tho Spirit, Theroforo, niesolved, list, without in_any way entering 'into the controveray botween tho Inferlor and Prof, Bwiny Wo o moet oruphatleatly Dratoss agatnat. (s nnd all simiflar nowspaper ttacks upon I'rof, Bwing, or any olber minfstor of the Gospel in regilar ec- clostastioal, staudlng, a3 bolug, o thn i degres, unfolr and injurious to-the individual so asanlled, enteulated grently to profudico rellglon and the Glwrch fn the person of ono of its_ministers, snd wholly transconding tho functious of tho religious preas, Hesolved, Thnt this nctlon bo communieated to the editar of the Interfor. And novw as to the editorial allogation that the gontlomon who wore instrumental in calling the meeting at which these resolutions woro brought forward *‘ undortook to subjoct the Inferior to an EX-PARTE THIAL AND CENSURE beforo the Ministors’ Association, in tho absonce of thio person to bo consured, on the epeelflo and ‘miscollancons charge of cxeoeding the duties of the editorinl functions :" To this chargo, lot it bo sard, firat, that this imaginery trinl was not bofora the ¢ Miniatorial Assoolation ”,—that body hnving proviously nd- journed for the procise purpose, on tho part of tho mover, of rolioviug tho Association of sl rosponsibility In tho maiter, but without any gonergl knowledga of what was to follow, Again, aa to tho statoment thint this ** ex-parto trinl and consura ' waa '*in the absonce of the porson fo be censured,” It will bo observed that tho resolutions contnin no consure othor than infercutinl. Neither was consuro the object simed at. If it was mferentially involved in'tho words of the resolution, this was sioply an una- ‘voidable circumstance. ‘I NOR WAB ANY TRIAL," ox-parte or other, proposcd, It should be ob- sorved that the meoting was composed of tho wembers of tho Miuisterial Association,—n body comprising_ ail tho Presbyterion ministers in Chicagoanditssubiurbs,—who bad assomblad that day for their ordinary purposes; and that it was not until some time after tho meeting hnd opencd that two or threo of the mombers, in private consultation, dotermined to brivg forward the rosolutions proposed, and in the monoer indi- cated, Thero was not the slightost possiblo at- tompt to give the moeting nn ox-parto oharacter, and it hod nono, It is true that Dr. Patton wan absont; it is oqually truo that ho waw sought in his editorial rooms (immediately contigu- ous to the placo of mooting), _nsain and again before the subject was introduced; and o roquest left thore that he bo imme- dinsely informad, on his atrival, of the intondod action, And nis prerenco was confidently an- ticipated, until it was too Into to arrest procced- inga. It eubsoquontiy appeared that, in couso- uoncs of temporary illnoss that morning, Prof. 'atton did nob, according to his known Custom on that morning, go t. his editorial rooms, or go to the meeting of tho Ministorial Associatlon. But, ®hilo all this ia true, und while the ab- sonce of Dr..P. was rogretted by all, it was not folt that any wrong would havo boen done to that gentlomen Liad no such measuras to scoure his presenco boon takeun, For, wo repoat, THERE WAS NO_ TUOUGHT of o trial ot Dr. P, The wholc purnose of thoso calling the moeting was briofly this: Cortain gontlomon, who dikapproved of the courso of the Inferior in relution to Piof. Swing, and who ‘foltthat it was due to thomselves, and to the in- terosts of tho Presbyterinn Church and ministry, that some notice be takon of it, concluded to tako advantage of the presence of a large pro- portion of £ho Presbyterian ministors of tho city and vicinity at the usual Mondny morning mect- ing to lave n free comsnlation over the mattor, snd_ fake such action as might be deomod best. When Bo. arsembled, the abovo rosolutions woro introduced, for tho pur- pose of giving ordor and mathod to the colloquy. t was nbt dosigned to publish tho mecting or its rosults, and’ reportors woro carofully ex- cluded. A'surroptitious «and most 1uacenrato xeport” was, lowovor, ‘publisbed fn a duily poper, and thus tho mgtior gobt wind. In any cage, if tho cditor of tho Inferior wero wholly within bis prerogative in publishing what ho did, who will say that his renders oxcoodod thoirs 'in baving an opiuion on thnt point and exprossing it ’ a A8 TIEY CHOOSE ? If Dr, Patton saw fit to pav no attention to it, that oo was his undoubted privilego. . To finish this part of the subject, let me add that the rosolutions were withdiawn without a vote upon them, because a voto was not necossa- ry to the object above stated, and bacause it be- camo ovident that a Yote would not oxpross the opinion of tho mooting with any accuracy ; some of tho aponkers heving indicated n purposo of voting against = them for roa- gons othor than an_ approval of tho couras_of tho Inferior. Indead. of all who ox-~ preased any opipion, but one individual indorsed Tully its course. 5 And now, a fow words on the quo ition, and the only question, at issue betweon the Interior and those who felt moved to disapprove its course in the caea of Prof. Swing. Was tho editor of that papor jnstifiable ju_publishing the paragraph noted in ihe first of tha above resolusions ? This, X ropes, is THE ONLY IS8UE hotweon these two partics, 1f othorswish to in- troduce other olements, they aro roauested to make this distinction. A prolix writer in the lust Inferior, among many othor equally irrole- vant things, sage tht “3ack_ [siol, not singlo proof is offered in the body of the rosolutioms, or in the epcochies of ifs [the body's, we sup- pose) advocatos that the exprobdod doubts aro justly raised.” Well, whatof that? ‘lhe rogolutions had nothing 10 do with that question, —wora wholly irrespective of it, It sooms to bo suppased that thoy woro offered in tho intorest of Prof. Bwing, Not a bitof it. That gentle- man_ wos upalterably opposed to auy action which should appenr to be iu vindication of Lim- solf. They woro advocated 1N BELF-DEFENSE, and impiled no opinion whatever unon the al- leged hoterodoxy of Prof. Swing. This lies upon tho faco of tho resolutions; why do writers go bohind them? But, to return_to the main question, The right 'of an editor to criticito tho published utlerances of auy man, and oxpress an opjuion upon their orthodoxy, mo “one quostions. The single point There made 18 this: Was the quotation above mado from tho Inferi- or'suditovinl of Feb, 12 criticism, in any proper sonse of the word? We contine ourselves to this pavsnge, becauso it was (he basis of the resolations ;_althongh the course of the Inferior in regard to Prof, Bwing, has, for a long time, Leen rogarded with strong disapprobstion by very many of its most orthodox readers, Lo this quostion we auswor, - NO, IT I8 NOT CRITIOIS, It is an opinion contidently based on a general reading of Prof, Swing's published utterances, and is pure'y inferentinl from the fuct **that he snys 8o littlo about it [tho ovangelical doctriuc of salvation] in Lis preaching.” “In tho long ar- tiele which tho obnoxious paragraph briiige to n closs, not ono singlo wontonco Is quoted bearing upon any of the points enumernted ; not alino m justification of the specific canrges (for wo thml it quibbling to call them auyihing oisa) 18 cited in evidence. ‘It thoso cburges aro not ouly purely inforontial, but wholly unjust, is well known tothe frionds of Prof. Bwing to bo by him strongly nseoverated, Had the cditor of the Inferior added to the above specifications: “Thore aro thoso who believe, and we are of them,—from the published words of Prof Swing, that ho is both an infidol and an atheist,”—thero are those who believe,—und we are of thom,— that this would have boon oqually ontitled to ugs for criticism, ¢ Theprinciple in bolh cases s the same,” What & man says i opea to critl- cim, 3 WHAT JIE DON'T BAY 18 not to bo mado the grouud of chnrgeof hercsy, IHad the editor added: “Bat wo shall bo glad to learn from Prof. Bwing that ho In nolther an infidel nor a liar; our columns are opon to him for donial," he would not have groatly helpod his cao. As to whether it would or would not have been better had Prof, Bwing, before this, disuvowed the Imputation upoh Lis porsonnl honor of romainlug in the DLresbytorian Church aftor ho had consed to be doctriunlly i sympathy with it, ho alono can suy, Certam'it is, thatvo one hns uright to drive anothor into such an attitude of defonso undor pounlty of being a suspect, Cerlain it s, thut thero are & good many people in Chisago who think that Prof. Bwing kvows whother lio necopts tho crcod of the Onurch of which ho i8 o prominont prescher, or mnot; and who fhink bo i too honoat a man to remain in it whon ho is no longor of it. And thoro aro s gront many who sincorely hope that, nutil ho doos conss to'be fn sympathy wl?h that Clhuich, B WILL REMAIN IN IT, in spite of all efforts from within to eliminate him, and nll fulminations trum without of those who wonld glndly porsundo him of his duty te abundon us and go to thom. % Ono ward moro uud I havo done, Dr, Patton in tho opinion of many, and thoxo not his ono- mion or {ll-wishors, but In many things his ad: wirors, made @ mislaka 1n hia nicthod of dealing with whnt o concoived to bo vital orror. Thoy think ke ‘is now proposing to do what hio should have dono in the firat Instance, if ha felt impolled to call Prof, Bwing to book. Wa aro freo to ux{)ruua onr hopo that the result of the Imponding trial will not bo to prove the lat- tor in orror on the vital pojuts charged in the Interior's avtiole. $ I, Shall Prof, Swing fle Excommuni= cated? To the Editor of The Chicago Tribunas Bir: Tho fruitlosunoss of roliglous disputas tlon lias boen & thousand times domonstrated, and yot mankind do not learn wisdom, but go on with such disputes as fiercoly ns over. Whon I say “ monkind,” 1 moan that guarrelsomo por- ‘tion of tho human race, so ovorchargod with froth and bilo that thoy cannot lob* their nelgh~ bors alome, With or without provoca- tion, ‘thoy aro constantly attacking some- body. Thoy nlono are Orthodox; all who differ from thom aro Heterodox. ‘I'o reagon with such mon is 8 wnsto of thought. Blinded by projudico, they cannot &0o correotly. That whichis straight appenrs orooked ; that which is bright sooma dark ; that which is true looks falso. & Tho worst about suchk mon 15, that thoy farcy it to bo tholr duty to eet everything right which, to tholr distorted imngination, - secoms to be wrong. They aro mover lappy, theroforo, ox- copt whon thoy hayvo somo ono, it matters not who, “ by the cary,” To bo *in hot wator” is a- kind of moral bath they particuln:ly enjoy. If gomo powor could be invented by which guch vormin could be unttorly dostroyod, what a hlonaing i6 would bal They are among the most intolornble pests by which Boclaty is carsed. 1t is thi¥ chattoring about words, this paltry prattle about small aud non-ossontial things, which is convorting tho Christinn ayatem into a mackery. What food doss it offer £0 tho hungry soul? “What support doos it hold forth to the * foobla knoes” or the fainting hoart? Instoad of unity, bickering aud “discord provall. Tho unholioving world look snceringly on, and concludo that tho paths'of ** ploasua " wre moro full of “plonsanéncss and oaco.” Tho soul seoking rost finds but little charm in & spectacle of porpotual strife. What wo want s somothing that is stablo,— something that will stand firm amid the storms of lifo,—somothing puro and calm when all aronnd us is impure and unquiot. If Christian- ity can givo this to tho troublod heart, it will draw to it pilgrims from overy shoro; if iuecan~ not do this, its days aro numbored. It will not bo so much the inronds of Belonco as the socret blows of 18 pretended friends that will bring about its overthrow, if it is ever to ba ovorthrown. Tho undormining influences from within aro far moro to bo drasded than opon at~ tacks from without, Azninst tho formor, the Ohurch may be off its euard ; for tho lattor, it in nlways in & state of proparation, Those things which tond to disunito should be avoided. Those things which tond to bring the great Chris- tinn bodv into o common brotherhood chould be carcfully fostered- and developed. In this way only can the hostiln forees of the world be successfully grapplod with. The truth of this ia so clonr that every freo mind must ab onco perceive it. ‘Wheneo, then, springs this hubbub among Prosbytorians and other relizious bodics at this timo? Why docs Ualvinistic Patton bring dac- trinal (nonsonsical) charges agninst anti-Calvin istic Bwing? Why does he cast into a large ro. hgions organization * an apple of discord,” which, if allowed to take root and grow, can only result in an orchard of blasted trecs and Dbitier fruit? Unless tho human mind can be re-onslaved, men cannot bo made to think as bigots lika Patton think, The Westminator Cntochism in a rotton piatform : to o lnrze oxtont it has bo- come obsolote. . Thore is not ono Presbyterian in fifty who can honostly doclaro that he holda strictly to its dicta. Even Patton would hesi- tato to avow that Le sbeolutely belioves in all its nrovisions. Tow can a sano man believe in dogmas which aro ap?puaod to reason, and justice, aud common senso? Such things mny bo admilled, or accepled, or received ; but to beliéve them litorally, as ono Dolioves in the truth of a mathematical problem which has boen proved, is simply imnossiblo.. Peopls in this anlightoned azo will not be bound down to the lottor of things. The letter kills. Thero is a matorinlism-in words, somotimes, whioh crushes out all spirituality, I is not safo to lay too much stress on words. Worda ara moxtal as woll s men, ‘They change, and dio, and pass ot of a langungo forever. Thoso whict live ofton put on new meanings, altogothor ab vorisace with ther original signification, What worae than foolishness, thereforo, to found a living faith, to sta%o eternal happinoss or ‘misory, upon dogmas which aro over changing, and upon words which aro a8 penishsble as wao aro ourselves ? A seattorod oud disordered Christianity can- not save mankind. If it cannob save itsolf, it cannot save others, The tecont Episcopal Convention at Milwaukeo, b{ its unscemly oxbilition of noisy words an ill-tomper, was a disgraco to the Ohristian causo. Tho Iate Daptist tribunal for the trial of Yo~ Carthy was ovon woreo, Toor McCarthy ! Why do not Lis friends put him in a strait-jacket and rotire him from * tho world, tho flosh, and tha devil," until hig fickle mind and agitated norvea shull have settled into calm ? It remains to be seon whother the Presbyterian Argembly, botore which Prof. Swiug is to artnigned for * heresy,” will follow in tho wake of these other todies, or will manifest a spirit worthv of Chriatinvity, and of ke nge ia which we live. (OaTuoLICUS, Patton’s Charges Azainst Swing. Lrom the Rockfond (1L Remater, Jlarch 14, e Rov, Dr. Patton, oditor of the Inferior, tias formally aud solomuly pleagod himeolf Dring chavgos against Dr. Swivg for hotorodoxy on the points of the Divinity of Christ, tho Atonomont, Justification by Fuitk, Etornal Pun- ishmont, the Crinity, and the ** Rogonorating Influouce of the Spirit,” Theso chargos Lo en- mages to oponly profer before the Chicawo Proas Dytory noxt April. Until then he promises to koon silence. : Wo oxcaedinjly rogrot this course on the park of Dr. Pntton, ‘whon wo regard the fuluro of Frrosbyterinnism in tho Wost, Dr. Bwing occu- I;!u about the samo position in rogard to Proa- ytorianivm that Mr. Beechor does in rogard to Cougregutionnlism. Loth are mon thoso secta canniob lford to loso. Some such moasure as thia proposed by Dr. Patton would havo lost to the Congrogatioual body not only its most olo- quont oxponent, but many of its brightost, bravest, and purest spirita in the Wost. "I'olor- anca g givon strongth, and_ proscoution will inevitably devolop schism and weakness. Tha gap botweon the writton creed and the practical faith i nlready large in tho Evangelical church. en. It is at present bridged over by o disoroot uilence, under which tho currents of diffcrent forms of Lolief move harmoniously in the ac- complishment of Christian work, Itis far bot- tor to accopt these names, Congregntionalism and Prosbytorinnism, as deseriptive of forms of church govornment, than it is to malke of thom 1igorous tests of Calvinistio faith, Wo hopo thint the accomplished and Christinn cditor of tho Inferior will not exocuto his threat. CORN AS AN ARTICLE OF FOOD. OrTAwa, 11, March 17, 1674 To the Kditor af The Chicayo Tribtne: 8m: If you will kindly allow mo & fow lines in your newspapor, I will vouturoa roply to Mr. ‘Pucker on tho subjeot of cornas an articlo of food, snd give a fow hints aa to Low, it is cookod {u tho Bouth, It ls moattyusod for tho nogroes on plamations, or was somo oight or ton yonrs ago, when slavery was 1n fashion. A gonuino corn-pono is mado thusly: Corn- mesl aud water mixed ton rathor stiff battor, sulted to tasto, and baked well in a Lot ovon. Qoru-men! cakos for n morning dish: One quart sour wilk : two orthroo oggs; & teaspoon- ful of ealoratus, not heapod ; kwo lovel full of snlt, Mix thick with corn-meal, and fry aftor steals, or in lavd, Same fur ovening, baked in o hot oven, with cight tabloapoonsfuls of melted butter added ; commonly called Jolnny-cako. Yriod calios, or douglinuts: Mix togoether two quarts of sour milk, threo oggs, ono teuspoonful of saloratus, ono cup of sugar. Itoll with ano- third corn-meal sud two of flour. ake In usual way. Ruspeotfully yours, . Aliss MAv Marvony. —Mur, W. @, Wills, who somao timo ago mado s voat miocos wilh his hiscorioat play of * Clarlos ., ias lately brought out s now dramatio vor- sion of tho history of Mary Stuart, It was bold to vonture on the ground already occupied by a Sohiller, Ay, Wills' now eifort {s pronounced to ha l{gondhngl a pti?m, I]iut poor “ld an lul‘h(ug le althiongh Mra. Rousby appoared a8 Afary ai A, Rousby ua John v v | 1,