Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 4, 1874, Page 4

PR P B 7 ;«fi;fld i/ (06 Ropra« 4 s to obtein the S .ato inter-Stato com- « aud to provent tho rail- «ging extortionate rates. Cograt g it ‘Wo publish this moruing tho now froight-tarift sdopted by the railroads doing business betweon Chicago =nd tho Enst. It wont into offect yos- terday, It covers an incrosse of rates in sumeo eages, a reduction in othor#, nud some changes iu tho classification of goods, The Towa House Committoo on Railroads is in favor of settling tho transportation question by building a railrond from tho Atlautic Const to [own,—2 e., cheap transportation is to-ba got by taxing tho people to build a pormanent railroad, with the usual modest profits to contructors, which will carry freight st unreasonablo rates— unvensonably low—and produco an annual def- icit to be in ita turn made good by taxation. In reaponso to the inquiry of tho State Senato 18 to where tho titlo to the Lake-Front property rests, the Attorney-General bas replied that he con form no opinfon without the facts, and theso hie has not. If the Senato, which can . summon witnesses nnd take thoir tostimony un- der oath, will investigate all tho questions of fact, he will then pass them in logal review. FProsident Graut has not sent to Congrosa the mesgage on Louisiana affairs on which hio was so industriously enguged about ton days ngo. Sen- ator Carpenter has not oftered tho resolutions ordering a now election, a8 ho praclaimed in his spoech he moant to wo, The country has uob made up its miud that cither of theso men has anything like o statesmunlixe notion of what oughtto bo done with poor Louisiana. A Buresu to look niter the health of the conn- try, and to belp the States and Territories main- tain a proper bygionic disciplino among their citizens, is tho lutest extension proposed of tho functions of the Government. It is to bo called the Bureau of Health, is to bo established at ‘Washington, and 1s to bo in chargo of a Federal Comnmigsioner, nt 2 ealary of 34,000 o year, A Lureau of Metrimonial Infolicitios will bo next tu order. Gov. Ingersoll, of Connecticut, nud bis asao- ciatos in tho State Governmont, huve heon ro- nominated by tho Democeratic State Convention held at Now Haven. Tho platform accompany- ing tho ticket does not differ materially from the traditiounl Democratic platform of the last con- tury. Concorning the tariff, it is aa sileat as the grave, The Domocrats of Connecticut aro as honest and outspoken Free-Traders as their brothren of Penusylvania, e e——— Senator Sherman las iutroduced a bill to bring about the resumption of specie paymionts Jun. 1, 1875, After that dato gold will bo givon by thie Govornment In oxchange for its notes, It tho gold iy not handy, the notes will be re- decmed in untaxablo bonds, payablo in gold in tou years, and boeriug G per cent interost. The ‘notes redevined may bo relssued in payment of tho public debt or the expensos of the Govorn- mont. Tho bill also proposes some important amendments in tho Banking luw, sud establishes free banking, Ruesla is stated in the foroign dispatches to have refused to take parb in the Philadelphia Exbibition of 1876, on the ground that tho Ex- hibition is a privato onterpriko. Russia Liws had uo opportunity to refuse, a8 no ofiicial invitne- tion Las yot beon extonded. When tho invit o tion is rocoived, alio will rond that the Lenton- uial {8 held undor the “ auspicos of tho United Statos." How much this guaranteo is golog to oot us Amorican taxpayors, and whether the whintlo will bo worth its cost to s, are quostions which have probably boon put out of discussion by tha action of Congress. ‘o Chieago produco matkots woro generally wtrong yestorday, with a large aggrogato of busi- nosy, and o bottor shipping domand, Mesy pork wag in good demand and 5@100 por byl lLighor, closlng at 814,00 cash and 814.05 uoller March, Lard wasactivo, aud 2igo npor 100 Ibg lower, closing ot $9.273¢ eash, and $9,46@0.60 sollor darch. Meats woro quist and flrmer, at Bio for shoulders, 73¢e for short ribs, 8@83¢o for ehort cloar, aud D}{@103{0 for swoot pickled Lome. Dressod hogs wore maodorately active and frmor, olosing at ©0.70 por 100 tha for light, Highwinoa woro quiot and steady at 07¢ ger gallon, Flour was dull and unchangod, THE CHICAGO DAILY RIBUNE: WEDNESDAY FEBRUARY 4, 1874. Fig pooz vy ok wdvaiveed T por 18U - Jross ot in- o8 88 Whor- oloe- mvaria- 1 ' broken sivicl nesome st art Lowe abose g thought {iv ..mont from = Aro sixteon ] + considered by ~ v little modifi- ., 8omo of which An amendment bl theee oo of Toxancattle disei Lo tue 3iate liablo jointly i soon 8. I tho consignor : ate, tha consigneo is .ovision that railroads 2 damages in caso thoy offerod them, or fail to 1.t .gonablo time, was sustain- ,to mitigate it. In addition ‘10 costs of prosecution are “10 company, which s furthor » fine not exceeding 81,000, ary bill, to regulate inter-Stato com- . which, in reality, is tho preposterons . sosition to appoiut n Board of Nationnl Rail- «ond_Commissioners, with powor to establish aud enforce freight-rates, will bo taken up shortly, and that two woeks will bo dovoted to speech-making, as Congressmen proposo to demonstrato the deep interest thoy take in the Grangers, As tho only.interest tho Grangers take in them is that thoy (tho Grangers) sball bo left to mannge their affairs in thoir own way, and that the MeCrary bill shall bo defeated, tho members of tho Ilouse will best domonstrato thelr intorest in the Grangers by securing theso two results, without wasting two weeks talking about it, Grand Master Dudley W. Adams, of the Na- tional Grango, tells our correspondent in 8t. Louia that ho thinks thero will, not bo any serious effort mado to opon the organization, and doprive it of tho charm aud strongth of secrecy. Ho is mot in favor of any political action. What the Grangers dosiro to do in poli- tics thoy can accomplish indiroctly, that is, as citizens, and not as members of the Order. Who aro ontitled to be Grangors is a question likely to bo brought up by the atlempt of tho Boston Grango to recovor its charter, 1t will bo decided by the interprotation given by the Na- tional Grangoto the phruse, “intorested in agri- culture,” by which membership is now qualified. Mr. Garfield showed, in the debate on the Army Appropriation bill yestordey, how the army can be reduced so as to effect a great econoiny in the military establishment. Thero are 1,224 men in New York Harbor, most of whom could be spared, nnd ou the Canadian border thero is kopt a forco of 10,000 mon, al- though there is not & Dritish soldier from one ond of tholine to tho othor ; and besides theso thero aro tho soldiers whom Mr. Wheeler do- clares to be employed in menial drudgery around the houscsof Washington ofticials, Tho country could Wo without them all. Mr. Garfield gave notico of an amendment to the bill to restrict the army to 25,000 mon, and on the motion of anothor member this was strengthened by tho additional proviso that no money appropriated for the army should be paid for any 1ecruits beyond this limil Archbishop Ledochowski, of Posen, hns at 1ast rouched the prison for which lis contumacy and Bismarck's firmnoss long ago marked him, Ho refused to pay suy heod to tho laws passed last May pincing tho ccclesiastics of Germany under tho regulation of the State. This disobe- diouce subjected him to flue, and his logical re- fusal to pey the fue brought upon him tho confiseation of all his property oxcopt his houschold goods, In all these pro- ceedings he was upheld by the Popo, whom atoue he recognized as his suporior. Tiunlly, tho summons camo for hia resignation of the Archbishopric and this he, still acting under the ordersof his ’apal chiof, also de- clined to givo. The result of the civil prosecus tion, which wasav once brought against him, wus his conviction, and his removal yestorday to the prigon of Ostrowo, whore he is likely to lave abundant leisure for reflection on the suporiority of the Church to tho State, particu~ larly in Prussia, — e The Now York T'imes is evidontly at logger- heads with somebody highin suthority in thoe Ropublicsn party. It extols Senator Carpon- tor's specch on tho Loulsiunn outrage, aud thon foelingly ndds: “here aro foolish monibers of Congress, even infour own Htate, who thiuk that it is the duty of a publio nan ora public journal to reglster tho decrees of o cltque, and, if & word of protest is uttered, thoy threaten fo ostrucise the mun or abolish tho journal. ‘Wo shonld like to co these idiots begin thelr work—at prenent, everyhody of any seuso cun seo that tho Ro- publican parly muatdesl with tho great questions of tho day fu s frank sud liberal spirit, or bo dostroyed, Abgolute freedom of opinlon has hitherto been the salvation of the Nepublican party. Somo of our own precious Congressmen would turn over n nuw leaf, uwnd go in for unlimited despotlem, Wo know what will Lo their fato—but wo aro not prepared to bellove that the Ropublican party will consent to sharo it, T'he only mombor of Congress from New York potont cnough to ostraciso s man or abolish a journal s Sonator Gonkling, and lie only by virtuo of the Custom-House and Tost-Ofilco putronage, If Benator Conkling has beou in- dulging in such awful threats, it is woll that ho dhould bo callod foolish, and montioned asn clique, and donominated an {diot, sud told to begin his work, From information gathered in hoth Ohioago and Bpringtield, and printed ou anothor pago of thismorulug's papoer, it is not likely thut tho Aayor's bill will receive » now leaso of Jifo from tho prosens Logislaturo, In that cauo it will ex- pire by limitation on the 4th of Murch, Ourad- vices from Bpringfiold aro that but six out of tension of tho Munyor's powers undor the bill, and that tho country mombors gonorally nre op- posed to it. In fact, tho malter soems to linve olicitad vory small intorost of any kind nmong tho logislators, 'ho lendera of ihe Peoplo's Party, outside of Mayor Colvin, scem to bo opposed to the oxtension nltogethor or In favor of fmportani modificntions, In- desd, tho resolution condomning the principlos of tho bill passad tho Couneil by nearly a unani- mous vote, From prosent apponrances, wa nro likely to roturn to the old condition of depart- montal irrosponsibility which provailed beforo tho passago of the act; and those who now hold positions under tho City Governmont begin to fool an nssured Independenco, as, {n the abronco of the Mayor's power, it will bo noxt to imporst- blo to disturb them in their prosont pousession of the spoils, s THE WAREHOUBE DECISION. The Logislature of this Btato, in 1871, pnasod annet to rogulato public warehouses, Among other things, this act flxed maximum ratos to bo oliarged for the storage of grain, and roquired warchousomen lo take out licensos and give bonds for their faithful complinnco with the law. Munu & Scott, then doing business ns waro- housomen, rofused to take out this liconso and givo this bond, and were indicted, adjudged guilty, and fined $100 each, Aunappeal was taken to tho Bupreme Court, whore the cuso hay beon twico argued. That Court hns finally afiirmed tho judgment of the lower Court, and tho opinion dolivered by Chiof-Justico Dreose and tho dissenting opinions of Justicos Mc- Allistor aud Scott will be found in Tue TrivoNe this morning, Tho points made by the dofondants woro, thnt tho Inw wau unconstitutional, beeauso in conflict with Clauso 2, of Article 2, of tho Stato Constitution, which provides that ** No person shall bo deprived of lifo, liberty, or prop- orty, without due procoss of Iaw;" and, nlso, with tho other clauso, that " private proporty shall not be takon or damaged for public uso without just compensation.” It was alvo claimed that the Inw was repugnaut to the Fourteonth Amendmont to the Coustitution of tho United Btates, Tho Court avorrule all thoso points, and dacide that tho act of tho Leglslaluro is consti- tutional and valid. Tho Court hold thet tho fixing moxinmm rates was deemed mnecessary by the Legislaturo to combat an unjust and op- prossive monopoly or combination among the warchousemen and railrond companies, by which all grain was perforce dolivered at those warc- liouses, whoro the rate charged was sololy at the diseretion of the combination, Tho Court admit thet, in the exorcise of the power to regulate, the Legislature cannot destroy privato property, but they hotd that this regulation of warchouse charges does not destroy the property ; does not deprive thom of any of their antccodent possessions, or tho uso of their warchouses, nor doprive thom of & fair romuneration on their capital invested, TRomote and consequeit injury from the exerciso of the proper functions of the Government cau~ not, thoy say, bo held to be o doprivation of proporty, or a violation of tho Bill of Rights. ‘T'he power of the State oxtends to all mattors of logislation not prohibited by the Constitution ; sud, when the Legisluture finds the warchouse- men combined to imposo upon producers aud shippers of grain torms that are oxtortionate, and that the public are under duress and obliged to submit, it cannot bo said to be usurpation on the vpart of the Logislature to bring such warchousomen into subjoction, All regu- Intions of trude impair the value of prop- orty and reduco profits, but do not for that reasou fall under the coustitutional prohibition. ‘The Court say: “The lawmust bo held to be one potent effort on the part of the Legislaturo to arroat o great and growing ovil by regulating tho charges which those warchouses shall do- mand, aud placing them uuder bonds that thoy will not violate its provisions.” The Court illus- trato the oxercise of this power by the Logisla- ture of tho States fixing tho rate of interest on mounoy, the tolls on forries, and at public mills ; also in delegating to municipal corporations tho power to regulate tho chinrges of hackmen and draymen ; and say that * o Government dosti- tuto of the power to rogulate thom, to imposo such restrictions upon them as may bo deomed necessary to promolo the greatest goodto the greatest number, would be but the shadow of o Goveramont whoso blnzonry might well be a cap and bolls and u pointless spear.” A dissenting opinion by Judge McAllistor holds that the law is unconstitutional, becauso it really docs destroy tho proporty of a aitizon, and becauso theso warehiousos, being nuxiliaries to commerco between the States, are boyond tho rogulating power of the Btate. IIo contends that it is not necesnary that tho act should con- fiscato and destroy the property ; but, if it de- stroys it in part, the same power further oxor- cised might destroy it altogethier, and, thore- fore, such power cannot rest with the Legisln- ture. Judgu‘ Beott merely oxprosses his dissont from the judgment of the Court. Tho decision aunounced by the Court, fiveJus- tices concurring, is o vory serious one. By anal- ogy it rocognizes the power of the State to pre- seribo maximum rates to bo charged by railronds or by any corporation or parson deemed by the Legislaturo to bo o monopoly. It is not likely that this will bo tho ond of the litigation in question. Meanwhilo it is mado pluin that when tho peoplo of tho Yifth District elected Craig thoy elected a majority of tho Court, Much a8 the principlo hore laid down may bo objected to, and’ it is opon to grave politieal ob- Jections, thoro will bolittle sympathy for tho wara- housormen, They have put tha publio at deflance, and maintained o monopoly of tho most odons character. They have not only charged what they plonsed, but have combined with tho rail- roads to exclude and prevent competition, and to compel the publio to deliver graln wherever the combination directed. After mnny yonrs of endurance, and aftor submitting to many frauds, tho people took an appeal to the Legislaturoe, as s lnst rosort. The warehowsemen, by their gresping policy, forced tho issue which has pro- duced this decision, und thoy have only thom- solves to thank for it. It sooms that Abby’ Bmith, the cow-woman of Glastonbury, hns an inlerited right to attract popular attention. IHer father was o ministor, then o lawyer, aud, finally, a mild sort of Losthon. IHer mother waw romautic aud nor- vous,—g80 nervous that she had n glws cago mnde in which sho might read novels without being dlsturbed by the undulation of tho air. Lhie five danghters woro named Cynthin Olom- enting, Loura Luoretin Letitls, Julie Julianna Jaequos, Annn Alloroglin, aud Abby Olavigoro, ‘Choir uncouthnoss wag tho talk of the noighbor- hood, until thoir mothor, Iate in life, bogan their oducation, Binco thoy reachod maturity, they havo boen devoted to the Isms, und lLave dono good sorvico in fnsuring the triumph of the vatire Qook Gounty delogation favor au ex- l #omo of thom, 1f the ruthless Colloctor melzes thorest of tho cows, Miss Bmith should Luy baek one, put it in tho glasy ‘engo thnt ured to guntd hor mother from the roughiy-undulating air, and oxhibit 1t and harelf, e — THE FRANKING PRIVILEGE. Tho proposed revival of tha franking privi- loge, on tho plen of poverty and lieavy postage- Dbills, 15 a fraud, One yenr ngo, momboru of Con- grosy did not ovon suspoot that thoy woro got- ting too little pay, and thoy nover hocamo awnre of it till they found that the Presldent thought £25,000 too littlo for him, Thon thoy discovored that thoy had hoen gotting too little all tho time, and, in order to componinte tlemsclves for past ignorance on tho subject, they took buck-pay a8 woll oy forward-pny. Publie sonti- mont compolled them to roduco tho compensa- tlon to the old figures, and now wo find them in such dosperato straits to make both onds meet that thoy must linve the franking privilego set up ngain, and must commonce dond-heading on tho Post-Oflieo Dopartmont. It i claimod that it costs torribly to pay posingo on mattor demanded and oxpocted by thoir conntituouts, This refors, of couras, to public documonts, gardon-needs, and that sort of gtuff, which are procared at loavy expensa to tho Public Treasury, and are of so littlo vatuo that, according to the hypothosis, the honora- blo membors' conatituonts wou't touch them if thoy have to pay the postage. Wo aro told that o Congressmou's postage amounts to $800 or £1,000 por year. As to tho documonts and garden-goods, it is n porfectly plain proposition that if thoy ara not worth the postage they ars not worth having, and that, if thoy aro not transported through the mails free of churge, o farther saving can Lo offooted in the cost of printing or buylng thom in tho first in- stance. Leaving thom out of view, therefors, welnd that & Congressmon must writo n hun- drad lettors por day threo hundred days in tho yearin ordor to use 900 worth of postage- stamps, As o matter of fact, thoy do not aver- ago ton lotters por day. Tho averago longth of sossions is botweon four and five monthe—say ono hundrod and thirty days, This would call for 1,800 letters, or oxactly 330 worth of postago- stamps; and the member of Congress who writos 1,300 lottora during s session is n rare bird, Henco we ropent that the proposed renewal of tho franking priviloge on tho scoro of poverty, andtho excossivo burdon of postage on Congress™ mou, is & glaring caso of falso prelenscs. THE FEMALE CRUSADERS, Tho organized crusade of tho womon m Soutliorn Obio, and the inauguration of o simi- lor movement in Massachusotts, to compol tho saloon-keopors to stop selling whisky, is unfor tunate in almost overy respect. Honest as tho crusadors may bo in tho purpose they have in view, thoy have iuitinted = course of procoed- ings which will ultimately bring both religion and temperanco into disropute. Ill-considered, spasmodic, and irrational, their only offect can be, whon tho rolapse comes, to renct upon ra- tional religious effort and to set intomperance upon the increnso, 1t is incredible that fanatica in the temporance-reform movemonts cauuot understand that men will not quit drinking upon compalsion ; that when thoy toll a man, * You shall not driuk,” he will drink worso tban ever, ‘Theso bands of women, trooping the strocts and besioging thosnloons,muy tomporarily close them, beeauso thoy surround tho doors and provent ingross, Those who dosire to go in can only do 80 by violent resistanco to the women, nn un- mauly actof which no ono wishos to bo guilty, Thus tho women, by the immunity from violenco which their sox guarantecs them, and not by praying and singing, compoel the saloon-keoper to closo hig doors because thoey shut off his business, It, therefore, becomes a. question simply of how long this state of things will con- tinuo, Tho moment the women tiro out and withdraw thoir forces, that momont tho saloon- keeper, will yeopon his doors, and his sates will be augmented in proportion fo tho time thoy have beon closed, The spitit which ‘inspires this movement is shown by the remarks of ono of the clorgymen at Loudon, Obio, who maid in the course of his specch: #Yes, wo will gond tho lndies to thnan‘ places, and, if au fusult is offerod to thomw, if a hand is laid ou them, lot us seo it. Let them daro to touch my wife. Wo will riso as one mnu and enforco the law of our country.” Without stop- ping toadmire tho courago of this Bosnorgos, hiding behind his wifo's potticoats, or to inquire what luw of our country he proposes tovindieato the utter.absurdity or this proposition to intor- fere with n busincss, conducted within tho Inw, in this high-handed manner, will be apparont to evory one. 8o long e there are men to drink, thero will bo men to eoll them liquor. If prayer and singing ave so oftieacious, why do not theso women and their advisors concentrato their prayors aud psalme upon their husbands, sons, and friends? If thoy have not done so, they have unot dono their fivst duty. *If thoy liavo done &o, then manifestly the attompt to stop them from drinking by this moans hna failed, But if thoy have failed tomove tho hearts of those who are bound to them by tios of affection and kindred, how can they reasou- ably oxpeet to win over those who aro bouud to them by no tios, and with whoso business, which the law allows undor cortain conditions, they aro directly interforing? From tho temperunco point of view, it is very olear that, so long ag theso women can spend their timoe in tho streats, and tho salgon-keepers are forboaring in dofor- ence to thelr sox, they may provent whisky from belng gold, But thoy cannot remain in tho stroots slways; and when they rotire to thoir homes oguin and the suloon-keoper fiuds the fominine obstacles romoved, he will apen the doors again, sud intemperance will rage worse than ovor. This is no novot oxperiment. It has Loeen tried ropeatedly, and the result has always boen tho same that wo predict for tlio present attompt, You cannot compol u man to stop drinking any more than you can compel s man to bo good. Erom the roligions staudpolnt, the offoct will bo stilt worse, Where it mny make ono friend to religion it will make a scoro of ouomics. What with tho Loterodox notions now provailing tho world over, tho gradual broaking nway of the people from old forms and dogmas onco lield in reveronce, the backsliding congro- gotions and ministors fallivg from graco, the profossors ‘of religion should bo caroful how thoy add to the burdons imposed upop the Churel by plunging into unveasonable and hurt- {ful religious excesses ; by praying and shlauung in tho stroots, contrary to the Divine injunction; *¢ Whon thou prayost, ontor into thy olosot, and whon thou Last shut thy door, pray to thy Fath oty which {8 in eecrot; und thy Father, which seoth in eccret, ehall rownrd theo openly,” 1f tho women, howover, are to porsovere in their prayiug raid, why do they not extond their oporntions? Thoro nro many worse placos 10 overy clty than saloous which uoed praying for, and, it 1§ ls propor to invade ealoons, why notinvado tho pawnbrokors'sliops, tho * fences,"” tho Petor Funl atoros, the gambling-rooms, the houses of ill-famo, and all othor eatablishmonts which mnke o living by proying npon tho com~ munity ? Why not also fncludo within thesphere of thelr operations Lepislatures, Doards of Trado, railrond corporatlons, and City Rings ? ‘Whoro 18 thia thing going to stop 7 'Tho origl- nator, or rather the roviver of tho old custom, Is Dr. Dio Lowis, of Boston, Iaving ot this ball in motion, it iy iu[:orlnfl that ho iR now or- ganizing similar raids againgt tho uso of to- baceo. Isit too much to anticipnto that, aftor ho haw bosioged tho tobnceo-storos with troops of praying and singing women, the unfortunato liouscholder vwho doos not believe in Lowis’ theory, that n ploco of bran brend and thrco boans aro sufllelont dafly sustonauco, will find his property bosioged in n shmilar manner ? Whero will the erusido ont? BENATOR MORTON'S LOUIBIANA SPEECH. Rovognizing Bonator’ Morton ay n man of ability and one capable of impressing his views upon tho policy of the Govornmont, it is dis- lenrtoning to find that in hig discussion of tho TLouisiann case ho puts tho eupnosed intorosts of tho Republican party abovo overy other con- sideration, Truih, Right, Justico, Honesty, are all treated as subordinate, if not impertinent, insues, compared with the nocessity of main- taining tho supremacy of tho party in Louisiaua, Itis lamontablo thnt Mr. Morton should tront such o quostion from this standpointof party polities at all. The Stato of Louisiana las beon recognized os roconstructed, and Link beon ropro- sontod several years in both ITousos of Congress. She lins ns many rights a8 suy othor State, and 1o rulo should he applied to hor which would not be applied to Indinua or Illinois, If our form of Govornment lins como to n break-down, 1t would bo far botter to ackunowledge tho fact, and Uiy something olso,—Cusariem, for in- stance,—than to brealk it down and still pretend thnt it is the samo thing it always was, I'ho Xollozg-Durell usurpation has boen in ox- stonco over a year, to the disgrace of tho country, and in violation of overy prineiplo of self-government and honest and fair election. ‘Theso scoundrels have sot up a claim to bo the Ropublican party of Louisisna. Being bouten ab the election, they eonsiderod that it was the duty of tho Ropublican party to keep thom in power. ‘Througi the agency of the Fedoral oflicers, & Federal Judge, and the military, they lave auccessiully usurped tho Goverument of tho Btate, and still hold it. When it is proposed to undo what lus beon done by the Federal au- thorities, and order & new clection in Louisizna, DMr. Morton opposcs it becauso it will unseat a gang of men who call themsolves Republicans, and may possibly elect & State Government com- posed of men who are not membors of that party. Ar. Carponter, on tho other hand, thinks that tho Republican party would bo greatly strenglhened by ridding itsolf of responsibility for tho Loulsnun usurpation, sud most men will agreo with him that no’political - party can strongthen itself by mokiug fraud, and perjury, and judicial usurpation part of its policy. Mr. Morton scoms to bo haunted by the epec- tro of wholesalo slauphtor of tho blacks if tho Tepublican party should lose its contral in Louis- inna. 'Tho party ing lost its control- in Virginia, in Goorgia, in 'Toxas, and Wonnessee, and thero are no outrages or murders of negroes in thoso Suates. It is o significant circumstance that Ku- Kiuxism prevails nowhero excopt under Republi~ canrule. The massncre at Colfax lnst spring was a resuit of tho Kollogg usurpation ; but tho wonder is that thero has not been o general in- surrection in tho State to overtbrow u Govern- ment foreed upon thom by an unofiicial nct of o drunken aud ' irrespousible Judgo. Docs- Mr. Morton suppose that the peoplo of Indiana or of Illinois would bhave permitted a Btate Governmeut mnot of - their own choosing to e forced mpon them and kept in ofilce by military power? Doos ho think the Republicau party conld afford to maintain such usurpation in cither of those States without oxciting tho Dburning indignation of the whole Americun peo- plo? Mr. Mortan and Mr. Conkling scem to think that, whilo Conjross has no power to in- tervene in such a case, the Prosidont has abso- lute pud final power to decide who s Governor and which tho lawful Logislature of any State, aod that his docision is conclu- sive. Thoy nlso insist that Lo has the power to invado any State upon the requost of any porson calling himsolf Govornor, or Acting Governor, and by forco of arms install eny per- son ho mny select in oftico, and excludo all othors. Supposo Mr, Morton were to tell the peoplo of Indiana that the Prosidont could do so in that Stato; or the peaple of Illinois that tho President may at any moment sond bis troops to Springfleld, disporsg the Logislature, and make tho Postmastor of that city Governor, If that is to bo the doctrine of tho Republican party, how long doos he expoot tho party to last? Would it tond to strengthon tho party to uphold such usurpation in Illinois? If uot, why doos it strengthen tho perty to uphold an equally in- famous usurpation in Louisiana ? THE C0ST OF STREET-PAVEMENTS, Tho subject of street-pavemont, always one of interost in large citics, is boginuing to assumo an unusual degroo of importanco in Chiengo, owing to tho rupid growtk of the cily, aud the correaponding increaso in tho oxponditure do- manded to put now stroots in suitable condition, and to repuir the injurics dono to oldor ones by tho iucreased trafllc upon them. Auny systems hiave beon tried hore, nll of which possess cer- tain advautagoes, bub most of them o expensive a8 to be accounted luxuries. The rough cobble- stono ag been suporseded by the smoothior Nicolson, nad this again driven out by nower forms of wooden puving, Of thoso latter there are soveral systems, differing slightly in prinei- ple, but all incumbored with tho samo dikadyan- tugo—exponsge. 'Tho prime cost of o wooden pavemont s not by any means the principal sum oxpendod upon it. Intho businecss portions of the city, » block pavoment noeds ronowing ovory fivo or six yoars, and in other parts of thoclty goldom lasts longer than eight years, Thus n .mile of woodon puving on one of our prineipnl stroots, costing originully §75,000, will in twonty- flvo years havo cost, with repairs and ronowals, no loss than £160,000, Tho practico in paving utreots is to nssces tho property fronting upon thom for all but tho Inlorseotions, the exponso of which s borne by thocily. The proportion which is paid out of tho Wressury is, on tho avorage, onc-nighth of the wholo cost, so that in twonty-five years one milo of woodou pavemont will have cost tho City of Chicago $20,000. In addition to this, tho oity maiutaius four men whoso business it {8 to koop in ropair the wholo longth of tho streot, As tho territory incrensos, 80 muut tho burden upon the city incrosse ; and, it tho prosont'systom {s continued, the aunual outlay will at no distant day be unoomfortablo to coutemplate, o loug, howuur,Au propartys ownoerd nre culled upon ouly at utatod intorvals to puy thelr prucssmont for renowing streots, thoy room to rogard it us among tholr nocessnry oxpenges, and aro unwilling lo try oxperimonts with moro durnilo systoms. Tho only rollef from this alrendy grent and constantly-incrousing outlay, it would scom, is tho ndoption of aomo loss costly and more durae Dble matorial than woudon blocks, Cobble-stones havo boon discnrded a unmightly, rongh, noisy, aud liablo to injure vehicles and horsos. Tho maendnmized rond in wholly unsuited to hoavy trafie, and, from tho pecullar convex formation required for thorough dralnnge, wnstos n great denl of room; whito in summer the dust, aud in winter the mud, aro serious objectiona to ity adoption. It i not loss expensive than woodon pavomont, and searely moro durable. Provious to tho flro, oxporimonts wero mado, though not oxtonively, with artificial asphnlt, composod of pitch and erushod stono, The Bonrd of Public Works wero not vory enthusinstic upon the sub- Jeet, and gavo littlo oucourngoment to tho pat- onteo of the process, owing to the failuro of this composition in largo oltios in the Fast, It has beon found that, while artificial asphalt re- taing its sohidity for o torm of ten or twolve years, tho evaporation which has beon going on during that timo leaves the nsphalt lifoless and frinble, aud thut it breaks up suddenly, Tho small pieces of this pavemont which have been Inid'horo have, so far, stood tho test satisfuce torily, but tifo timo lins not been sufliciont to al- low the authoritios to pags an opinion ou its use- fuinesy, Tho material which at present appoars to bo pre-ominently suitablo for purposes of stroot- paving iy the natural asphalt, Invgo doposits of which exist in Cuba, and in some parts of North Caroling, Kontucky, and "Ponnessce, T'ho Amoris enn asphalt, it is smid, whilo not equal to the im- ported matorinl, in wufiiciontly good in quality to malke u durable pavement, Tho metlied of np- plylug it is stmilar to that of tho artificial sub- siance, namely, by reducing it to & semi-liquid condition and mixing it hot with gravel or crushed stoue, The ndvautage claimed for this psvoment is its absolute durability. It is said that it is indestructible, and sinco its introduction, some years ago, into the busiest streets of Londou and Paris, it has so far justi- fled tho claim. Whother it is suitablo to tho ex- tremos of temporature which aro characteristio of our climate, is a quostion not yot detormined, but there nppears to bo no reason why it shonld not bo. On tho other hand, the cost of layiug it is great, boing noarly two-and-n-half timos that of Nicolson or any other wooden pavement, One mile of natural asphalt pavement would cost, it is ostimnted, $165,000, but further ontlay practi- eally ccnses, In twonty-five yoursit will have cost no more than the same amount of wooden pave- wment laid simultanoously with i, Wilh the discouragiug outlook presented by tho presont system of strect-puving, it is gratifying to know that tho subjeet is receiving closo attention from ucientific men. - A golution of " the problem will Lo hailed with joy throughout the ecivilized world. The women of Dresdon havefollowed the exam- plo of tho minoers’ wives of England, Thoy have struck against tho butchers and bakers, and ean- dleatick-makors, and everybody else. At o re- cont public mooting, a number of them solemnly plodged thomselves to pay no more than 80 conts and 20 conts o ponud for butter and beef, ro- spectively, But they hnve gonea stop farthor. They advortiso for supplies of these and other articles ot wholosale. ero is a hint for Amori- can womon. Thoy profess to grontly dosiva somothing to do. Why don't thoy dovate part of their superfluous time to promoting ca-operativo washing, and cooking, and baking, and buying? Tho umion of twonty women conld start any one of theso onterprises. Each of thom would save timo and trouble and money, after tho thing was onco in running ordor, And thoy would save tho samo for thousands of other women, by showing them how ecasily the mattor could bo mauaged, Ix-Sonator Pomeroy lhes boen interviewed, and has stated his opinion of himself. He snid {0 n reporter the othor day that the populur clamor againut him and for othora was absurd, for ** even Barabbus was preferrad by a howling mob before Chrint, but time Lns vindicated the Savior,” and thut ho (Pomeroy) will *bo vindi- cated in time," This astounding comparison is womawhat strangor than tho encomiums of Iow- ard, Harla, and Newman on ** 01d Subsidy.” A fire-proof joist, consisting’ of n strip of wood bolted botwaen two flanged benms of quar- tor-inch iron, is coming into usc at the Bast. It is s strong ns an ordinary joist, The wood al- lowu planks, lutls, ote., to bo nailed down in tho usual way., The dififeulty ot rolling the iron sides has recently beon overcome, and the new Leam is now comparativoly cheap, —— GALESBURG. A City Railway Ordinance Defeatod. Spectal Inapateh to The Cidcapo Tribune, GaLesnura, IiL, Fob, 8,—About one mounth ago the City Council passed nn ordinance whore- by cortuin partics wore granted full control of the city streats for the purposo of building ity railways, This measure, whicki pavo general dis- sutisfaction, was votoed by tno Mnyor, Last night ut tho regular moeoting of the Coun- cil, four out of seven Aldormen voted to pass tho ordinguco over tho Muyor's veto: At this the Mayor inforned them that the Council cousisted of seven Aldermon and tho Mayor, and that it would take fivo votes to constitute s majority of tho Council. ‘The decision of the Mavor caused considerablo discussion, but Lo sustained his po- gition. The Mayor hus tho sympathy of the community in thus baflling the attompt to get the ontire control of our city stroots for a long term of years, WHE INDIANS. War Between the IMormons Nuvajos, Dexven, Col. Feb. 8,-—Correspondonce from Tort Dotinnco reports that tho Navajou sud Mor- mous who live near the northwestorn boundury ave at war. The Mormons have killed throe or four Navajos, aud the Indinns ero retalintin Groat fonr is ontortainad of trouble next sprin and .summer in this vicinity, a8 tho Utes have made overtures to tho Navajos to join them in o war upon the miners nud vottlers near the Dolo- res and San Juan mines. Tho Navajo Chief, Manuolito, favors hostility, but most of the Nuvejos biave so far declined to take any posi- tive pure in the fight. and Indian Rald Near Fort Laramie. Oxnana, Nob., Feb, 3,—A lottor frous Fort Lar-~ amio, Wy., says, Jun. 24, & fow Nobos-Bioux Indizns raidod Louis Rerhaw's ranche, flve wilos from tho fort, and ran oif flvo horses and six mules, Louls, with his brothor sud boy, fol- lowed nnd captured the stock near Rod Batto, A detachmont of cuvalry sont from tho fort fol- lowed tho Indinns to the river, but not having ordors, rofused to cross, ik il OKIO CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION. Qiyoisyart, Fob, 8.—Tho Constitutional Con- vontion to-day received tha following lettor from Chiof-Justice Waite, which was ordored on tho journal : ToLEno, 0, Feb, 2, The Hon, Jwfus King, Drestdent Conmiitloial Conoen= Dean 81 T make hnato to acknowledge tho reculpt of your fuvor of tho YOth ult., transmitting o copy of the resolutions of the Convontion, adopted upon thy nm:n[illmu\! of my resiguution, 1 nced not soy to you that Tam d\:n})ly thankful for this token of osteom of my lato nesoclutes, ond that it will bo my constant ous deavor to merit tho continuancoe of tho fricudship which thoy ugaurs 1o such flattering torms I now possess, Accoptmy thauks for the worde of kindugss ‘with which you Lavae been pleused to communicate tho actlon of the Convention, With the highest respeot X remain your obedient “”Zé’é'n-a) AL B, Warma, e e e e T et SPRINGFIELD. A Struggle for’ Existence by the Lower Houso of the Legislature, Defeat of o Motion to Adjourn on Feb, 20 by 71 to 21, The: Senate Considering the Railroad Polico Biil. Severe and Arbitrary Provisions Re- tained by Large Majoritics. A Schemo of the Republican Caucus Defented in the House. Tha Rogistry Law Not Repoalod, as Ordered by the Caucus. A VOTE ON ADJOURNMENT. Spectal Inspateh to The Chicago Tribune, SrriNarienD, IIl., Feb. 8,—Tho rewolution ‘to adjourn sine dio Fab. 20 being tho specinl order, dones, in obedionco to the decision of tho To- publican eaucus, moved to postpone it indefinite- Iy, and tho motion provailed, all the barnaclos on Dot sidos of tho Iouse voting in tho aflirmas tive. They can onrn €5 a day easior resting their hools on Legislative desks than doing nothing at home. Tho vota is au follows, Re- publicans in Roman, Democrats in italics : iR, Alexander (Mont- 1ildrup, Paollnck, gomery), ollenback, Tunkin, Armutrong (Lo~ Hopkins, Ltice, Salle), Jnquees, Bawyer, Ballore, Juckson’ Heanlan, ] Jotmston, Bonne, Blakely, Kuae, Shaw, Trunson, Lano'(Hancock), Bherllan, Bullard, Lowdy Houle, Connolly, Stownrt (Winne. Davis, Laggo), Dement, Htew.nt (McLoan), Diresaer, MeQue, Streetor, ot Mewchim, troud, ALore (Murshal), Tagyart, Movre (Adaws), Truitt, Movge, Virdon, ) Hofeit, Wayman, Qolden, Nevtte, Websler, Granger, Nulton, Weinlieimer, Grhlh?', Qakwood, Wood, Grigith, Orendorgly Wymora, 1 Dinnell, A, Speakor—7l, Havies, Tlowman, Hte (St. Clair), N Alexander (Craw= Dolan, Blidilleeng, fard), Dunlicm, Morvisui, Auderson, Forth, Otierly, Bradwll, Iy, Leltzer, Lryant, eiiry, Quinn, Casey Herrington, Itamey, Coliins, Hotles, Ry, Coudon, Jamen, tioiers, Cronkrite, Lane (DoWitt), Savage, Croaliy, Lemma, Wicker—31, Durnell, Mansie, ANATYSIS OF THE VOTES, Of the 71 voting In favor of postponement, 2% aro Democratic barnacles, who are just as guilty, ag tho Republican voto shows that both partics aro to blame for this session, If the Democrata Lind voted solid agninst postponement, it would not have earricd. Eight Republicans were inde- pon dent and voted against the caucus, gy RAILROADS AND WAREHOUSES. Special Dispalch to The Chicaun Tribune, THE BAILWAY TOLICE DILL. SrnixarteLp, 11k, Feb. 3.—At 10 o'clook the Houso Iailroad Police bill being tho special or- der in tho Senate, Mr, Donahue moved to changs the limitation for the stoppagoof treins nt sto- tions from five to fifteen minutes. Carried., Mr. Casoy moved to strike out tho provisions of Bec. 28, flral, waking tho railrond compa- nies linble for treble tho amount of damages to the party nggrioved ; socond, allowing nttorneys’ foes; ond third, making them liable in an addi- tional fine of from £20 to £5,000. Mr. Casoy mado an exiended speech in oppo- sition to such legislation, which was directed at tho very lifo of overy railrond compauy, aud, - though popular, was very pernicious, Ar. Donuhue snid that in all human law the railrond company could not Le compared to in- dividuals, The people did not bankrupt the rail- road companies, but the thieves of TIE RAILROAD RINGS of the banks of the Hudson River, who demand no just legislation from us on the basis of indi- vidual rights. The railrosd community of Illi- nois cousivt only of wheols within wheels, rings within rings, and showld be forced into just denling aud just mansgomont. - He wag howover opposed to the attorneys’ fees provided throughe out the bill, Dobate was closed by motion, aud tho amend mont of Mr. Casoy was lost by o vive voce vote, Mr. Loo moved an smendmoent, ombodying the sccond and third provision of Mr. Casoy's amendment. Tt was no part of the prorogatives of this Legislature to indulgo in VINDICTIVE LEGISLATION, 3 or tho encourgoment of barratry, Ho contin. ed in a long spoech, condemning " the bitter hn- tred and venom of similar logislution which is a corollury to tho legislution of lust winter, Mr. Steclo advocated Mr. Lee's amendment noi as & partiean, but beesuso it was right, The ruilronds were in many inktauces open to the clinrgo of violating the rights of the peoplo, and, thoroforo, have injured thomsolves, sud put themselves in o position to ; FONFEIT THE FRANCHISES given thom by tho people. Ho did not boliove 1n tho romanco of wheels within wheels, or the completo dishonesty of tailrondmen, There wag noprinciple of lnw, equity, or othies which would allow au individual $300 froma railrond comprny whan thoe damage sustained was but 9100, ‘I'le additionn! provisions of flnes and attorneys' focs woro ndditional and excossivo injustico. Youngblood consumed forty minutes in support of Leo's mnondment, suying that the extroma provisions in the bill werein violatlon of the constitutionnl provision that penaltios shall bo commeoensurate with ollenses, TIE BECTION was adopted, ns follows : In cavo of refusal of such corporation or ita agents 10 Lulie, recelyu, Or {runsyort any person or praporty, or ta détiver tho suie within reasonnblo thno ut thelr regulur appoinied timo und place, und uceording (o the preceding section of this act, such corporation shull pay to tho purty nggrioved treblo tho amount of dumnges sustained thercby, with cost of sult, and in uddition theroto sald 'corporation shall fortelt u suth of nol less than §35 nor moro than $1,000 for eaeh ofiense, Lo bo recovered in an actlon of dobt in the nwmw of the peoplo of the Stute of MWinols, Leo's amendmont was defeated by a viva vooe vote, TRANSPORTATION OF TEXAS OATTLE, Steelo offered taoe following as au additional wection, and it wus adopted : AN Ao to nmend un uct concerning {lio transpostation of Toxusor Olierokeo cattle, approved 10:h- Aprily 09, Tn nny snit brought for u violation of the provisio: of this act, the cotmignur of vo stock, tho bring= ing of which into this Stuto sliail constitnto the otfenio created by this net, it ho bo citizeu of this tato (uud i not, tho cousignoo of auy such livo slock), shail be nudon joint defendant with uny rallroad or trang- pormtion company which muy bo sued for tho offeuse, Aug rallrond company nuy recover from tho cous slgior or connfgues utiy sum of monwy it Moy bo com- polled by tho Judgmotit of any court to pay for the truusportation of such cattlo, THE BENATE ADJOURNEL pending tho disoussion of tho power to forco railronds to contract to doliver goods on other rauds, aud be linblo for loss und damnge on throngh frofght. The dobuto was watched, and sovorul amendmonts offered at tho instigation of lobbylsts, Tho dinuers huve hud somo in- flucuce. CHEAP TRANSTORTATION, Tho Ifouse Committee on TFedersl Rolations submitted the fallowing, which was adopted : WitEneas, The Constitution of the United States mkes it tho duty of Congeess (o regulate commorco Detweon the Stales ; und Witknieas, Tho Iouso of State did revolve, on_tho 10 of Junuars, A, D 1873, I substneo ue follows : *That our Senutors fi Conjgross bo_instructed, and onr Reprecentatives bi roquusted, o use all lawful meatis ta procure tho pas 80y of ui et of Congross prohibitiug ull evrporations or porsenis owhing or operatiug futar-Stuto luss o m{vmd from churgiug or recelving unrcasonable rate for tho tranaportution of frolght, pussongers, sud over tholr ronds, und from making unjust dveriming tions in auch traueportation,® wheoh zesoluton rs