Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 23, 1874, Page 2

2 THE CHIC GO DAILY TRIBUNE: FRIDAY WASHINGTON. Newton Booth and His Objects. -Monopoly Senator: ilow IHe Fought His Fight. The Quarrel with Stanford Making a New Ju- diciary. “Reformation Now, or Revolution Hereafter.” Expectation at Washington. From Cur Oun Correspondent, WASHINGTOS, Jan, 18, 1874, No man in the country at present is regarded with more curicsity and espectancy than Gov. Newton Booth, of Californie, the only Senator perfectly independent of party in the Union, and that, 00, at a time when two-thirds of the vot- ing people have abandoned both parties, and wait for something formative which shall meet the issues of to-day. I bave been collecting €ome facts about Lim from persous interiorly acquainted with ¢he man and his objects. . ‘THE MAN TO LOOK AT. Booth is & maz of light-brown bair, and goatee of a simitar color, with & very simcere spoech, & countenance with morel force, bit no bisndness, and a mixed marcantile and literary disposition. His literary qualities and style are illustrated in the leadiug article in the Overland Monihly for May, 1870, entitled ** Rufus A. Lockwood.” It eppears to ba a biographical paper, and it shows o masculine power to measure men, and to tell a real story with the grace znd interest of a psy- chological sketch. . 4 As Booth wert from Indiana to California to practice law, the eketch of Lockwood also ap- pears to be an Indiana-California sketch. Lock- wood secms to' have been ainanof mental intrepidity and a good lawyer, with a pussion for gambling ; and Booth makes of Lim us interest- ing a figure as any of Bret Harte's more tinted froatiersmen of pigment. The mercantile holee to which Mr. Booth be- came attached by the decease of a relative is rituated in Sacramento, with. s branch in San Francisco ; and the Governor, whois a backelor, has grown up side by side with Stanford, Hunt- ington, Hepking, eud the Crockers, with the Miils Brotbers, and other miliiousires who cen- trol the Peeific Coast. N TS INCITEMENT. Satisfied with his competence, which is ample, Booth has the power, unknown on the Pacific side, of wishing no more, except to be employed. His tovnsmen whom I have named are among the wealthiest men in the world. Five or six of them conceived the scheme of tho Central Pa- cific Railroad, and grew inordinately rich out of tho Government bounty awarded to it ; while the Mills Brothers, whom he hssseen very poor, have been powerfal enough fo organize all the forces of society against the natiomal currency, and snccessfully Sight it off the const. A State which Teceived in the begioning so many fine business iutellects, and had such re- sources, wns bound, in the unequal line of devel- opment, to illustiate the extremist contrasts of personal success. Withont any criminal intentions upon their fellow-citizens, a few-score persons kave purhed so far shead that they control every product and every form of exchange in Califorpia. The railroad line, which wasex- pected, 23 a Gdvernment contnibution, to_be for the benefit to all, has not onty failed to give the public relief from former oppressions, but has becoms the most consolidated monogoly of all, snd, like tho venous and srterial system in man, the' eupply of blood itself has been measured ont by a dozen people, g0 that Calfornia mnst pay a tax on every pulsation. The ‘pawerful physica reatures who bendle all this transpor:ation, ex- e, cxchiange, cereels, metals, wool, lides, Tirigation, telegraph, Inmber, and milling power 01 the Coest, and who bave 2 sort of common interdependence and leagzue ‘against outsiders, bavo never known how to understand Newton Booth, HIS CTSSEDNESS. Ho was_mever seeking to b let into their pools. Hedid not show the earcering batite which the rich man on the Coast develops, work- ing up to high-pressure all the while. ~He had no love of display, and was plain and cool? and they would have despised his liter- ary inclinations if they could, as something altogether Dobemian and feminine, but that he 4s always practical, and bad & steadily-growing finence in his circle, amongst bis townsmen, in the Legislature, and fically throughout the Brate. These novel capacities for that Coast made i man a htle of a study; but, like most of them, he was a Republican, 1n good standing, and Mr. Stanford and the rest were too suresid to quarrel with 3 man's temperament. In the most democratic =ociety, however, in- ordiuate wealth 1n ivordinate use makes its con- tioller despotic. Glutted with obsisance, pride, and the love of imperial domination, there may e little dificrence between the modern merchant acd the King. Insacha state of society, the jealons monopolist mizht see & dawning Rienzi in his business-acquaintance : and, therefore, in 1870, when the Republicans of the interior and the independent Republican press resolved to vominate Mr. Booth for Governor, tho interests 1 bave spoken of, though afraid to protest aloud, put up ir orgaus and the San Fran- cisco politicians, led by Bl _Car, to nominate Mr. Selby, the Mayor of Sap Francisco, in Booth's place. At that time, Booth and Stanford understood each other, thongh they hed o rupture at the moment. The populace then wero unaware tbat anything was brewing ; ‘but I felt insensibly—for I was then on tne Coast—that Booth might be in the future the embodiment of that formideble public diequiet which had as yet, while both political partics were compactly organized, 0o champion. As long =8 you can keep your Democrats togather snd your Republicans ~ together, and eiect o etraight ficket of the ope cr the otker, vou can buy up with money, or the seduction of fricndship, either set of nominecs. PBut to ad:nit into either organization aman who had nover asied for anything, and did not seem to wani anyihung, Was prima facio evidence that e might some day be dangerous. ~ IN OFFICE. . vreviously no more than State J the State, ruled with his native » man in doubt 28 to his houesty, i prudence ; sad, without changuig ucrzasing the polish of his rhetovic, or goitg out of the way to ehow his face, there was the consciousness of himself pervading all tha! mighty State. ) o Mesauiime, the disquiét with life, condition, proportion, and opportunity, increased for good reasons, and it became all the more importart that the physical rulers should keep their grip on State politics. Gov. Booth could not be in- senuible of the burdens which rested upon the masses of the people, and the uncqual pressure whicl had crown ont of tolerating so long an arbizrary Gistribution and inforcement of things which began in common congent, but were now claimed to bo orgavic. He began -to make in- quiry, to recognize the eituation, to consuit with others not Drivy to the rings: and st last Mr. Stauford thought it well {0’ protest with Dooth in person that he was giviug too much en- couragement to diaquiet. THE DEFIANCE. My informaxnts from the Coast have intimated to mie what gort of scene it might have beeu when ex-Gov. Stanford, vieiting Gov. Booth, gaid : “When e had the State, didu’t we rulet well?" He meant himself and the Governors he cortrolled after him. The object of the inter- view was to see if Booth could not be accommo- dated with anytbing short of a revolt. The die- cussion proceeded from point to point,—the huge figare of the Railrosd-President, with his heavy, Luiry evebrows and slowly-revolving eye, goon espending at the unusual incident of discover- ing snsbody whowould Dot give way even when Tequested. His_patience was short, as he had not known cecasion to exercise 1t for five or e1x Tesrs; and he eaid at Iast, like Bismarck or Na- poicon : * We can beat you, then, Gov. Booth ! Thie smaller, quieter man, with the plamn face, but the airect soul-look, suswered: “Let us underziend oureelves. Between ns there is something which you well compraherd. Mr. Ty Senafor. . Iyis your will and zune, ‘your desire and.my ] bu resolution. Gov. Stanford, yon can beat me, if by that you mean that yon cun beat me out .of oftide, out of publc life, ‘out of mera 1cwards and oni)cxtlmi:lcs; but you cannot beat nie,—that which I 2m.” You cannot mase myde!f vourself, and make me see witn vour eyss, aad think with your mind.. In that which I'am, vou can naver Leat oo with all the power 1o your conirol, how- evor unscrupulously used; aed I defy you.” THE LEVOLT. Here began the contest. Mr. Booth had be- hind him that singular newspaper. the Sacramen- to Union, which is owned by thres men who are Tich, perfectly pleased with therr kind of prop- erty, never ready to bo bought out, either hon- orably or dithonorably, and who would not know how else to bo employed bat with the paper. 1t would be bard to know what besides the press couid be found asa human iostitution to give opportunity to a_dsuntless spirit in the face of such odds. Mr. Booth's pait of the business of creat grocery-house is the correspondenco, over tao store in_Sacramento aro his aparte ni3 o fibrare, The editors of tho Union icuds meet bim there, and he has nt Lis businexs-house in fa1 Frapcisco. Last year, when the movements were com- menced to organize legielativo ticiets, of which the successiul candidates were 10 elecz n United States Senator, Gov. Booth made up bis mind that it would be criminal in bim to permit the usual Ring-tickets to sweep tho board, and place two men, instead of one, in the Umited States Senate, as factors for the monopoly. He thought it was worth trying for to have at least one ol the two at Washington representing the griov- ances, instead of the rpecalations, of the Pacific Coast. He made no secret of his inteution, and, repairing to San Francisco, spen ten days thero secking, almost without hope, to form a ticke: which could take the field against the Democrat- ic and the Ropublican. _Of course, if ho could etect all the members from San Francisco, ho would bave s plurality at the Stato Capital. Al ‘most everybody of recognized position was afraid of him. Some would efip 1n and shako his hand, saying : ** Governor, we would like to bo with | you, but they'll hurt us in our business. We'ro too much in tho pawer of these men.” i With perseverance and patienca, helped main- 1y by r. Fitch, of the ulletin, Mr. Swirc, and Jr. Este, Booth persuaded thus oue, ed that one; and threw influences around & tirird, which brought Lim to the movement, until finally he ha the requisite dozen or more names upon his ticket. . THE GAMMON. At tlus period, Senator Eugene Caseerly came along. who wes to bo a possible benetic.ary., as be supposed, of any movement which should call for Democrafic votes; and on that side, of courso, being the minority ide, Booth had the greatest expectatious. - Mr. Casserly took up Mr. Booth's list snd glanced over it Oh! tut, tnt! Gov. Booth, T can’t come n with yon on that ticket. Herc's'a man who won't do. and there’s a man that ghan’t have my support.” i “Mr. Casserly,” said Booth, *I won't change aname on that ticket. You know that I have baen biero fwo wecks, and_ what I have beon do- ing with all my might, and vou have never shown your face here.” . It won't get” s hundred votes,” said Cos- 11 it don’t get but ten,” said Booth, *it shall stay up.” t ey The next day the ticket was publicied in the y papers, and was followed by agreat zuffas. tody laugbed, that was anybod, and the sewspapels vrote their severest. . Booth retired to Sacrameoto, thought over the points of » speechy, called in fiom the mines and marts ex- perts who coald give him facts which he meant to present, and, at the appoinied tune, he ap- peared in’ San’ Fraucisco before & magbincent, but munly curious audience, which was intent upon knowing why the greatTuen feazed Booth 0 muca THE BATTLE. Evervbody of siguiiicance uot in the Rings was in'the honse. The quet man had the whole work to do, and he took toe platform, and, with Dis clearness and compactness of statement, Jaid bare before the people the anatomy of things, showed the diseases, and prescribed the remedy. Without color or figure of speech, but with sin- plicity, strength, camulative power, and that in- imitable rower, and that inimitsble houesty of style and fact which is heard and read with the same satisfaction, he laid in one specch the foundation of the c2mpaign. The following was & closing paragraph of ihis speech in Platt's Hall: ** Lookiug the future full in the face, weich- < iy reshonsibiiity well. loving order as I lov d determined to preserve it with my life, R 1 ».lemnly declare that L beliave it to be Reform- on now, or Revolatiou hereafter.” Ir. Felion was to reply to Lim_ st the regular publican meeting, —au accomplished 1w, the sruther of the late P'resident Feiton, of Harvard Caiversity, and bo also had a full house, "with iho railrosd magnates, ana Bl Carr, their po- litical leader, on the platform, After proceed- ing a little while ho said, referrivg to Booth's speech, somewhat as follows : My fellow-citizens, I am satisfied you will regret with me tia: our excelleut Goveruor, who bas 80 many friends among us all, bas seen fit to take bis grievances out of the graat Repub- lican party, aud appesl for reform atother hauds than to this great, . progressive orgamization, \\l.vic,h has 8o highly honored him. Gov. Booth A big man in the gallery roso upand said, with stentorian composure: hree cheers for Gov. Booth I™ ‘Tho whole house, as it seeined, except on the platform, stood and cheercd with such electric neartiuess that the magnales, utimidated, bit their lips. It was the fir:t testimonisl in San Franciseo that there would be any recognition for the third ticket. ** Gov. Booth ——" resumed Alr, Felfon, a little surprised. ** Nive cheers for Gov. Booth | All given with a spriug to every cheer,—res). rocking cheers. * Guv. Booth —* *Nine azam for Newton Booth ! All deliveicd as out of a whole public-gchool system surprised wita a week's holiday and - told to shout for it, Not once again that night did the epeaker eav the word Booth, and iv took hiw till uext day tu lose the bewildered look he wore. But thes mag- aates bad atready lost 1t. They knew, when they were poorer mon, the power of oue man’s moral and mental euergy ditected upon oue object, and they recognized that power in their cpnonent, whom, pethaps, with pardonable weakniess, they calied an enciny. & I'he campaign was carried in Sav. Francisco by two things: First, the fact of the abuses’ £ccond, tho ability and bolduess of Newton Buoth to make them intelligible, and to head tae Tesistance independeatly. "Lhe secord meeting at Union 7lall, San Fran- cisco, was one of tho grandest over feen within doors ou the Pacific side of tlhrs globe. Booth nad given batflé at all feading poiuts, worn out his voice, which is none of the trobgest. aud his clear cnuunciation of the aouses of political sociecy had agitated all raoks of the people. The richest felt that, nuless) there was some re- form at a lower stage, the epirit of rupac:ty would overtasze the most foctunate at last, The great ball was packed within aud without. He Suid to Lus frieuds: “Ium worn out. I caa say but & word, and ask thesa to fet me go.” Ho said theso woids, and they were the whole speech, Part of what he sl I give from mamory : “My friends, our eoncmies say that this ticket will not get 500 votea. 1t looks to meas if 1t would get three tupes 28 many votes 83 any other tickes. They say it is ephemeral. I don't know how you feel avout it. Bat I feel a good deal lika Paul Jones, when his masts were shot away, Lissaip on_ firo aad burniog, his fiag dowu, and the British Commauder mqured of im. in the bewhilderment, 1f he haa struci. ‘fib’;‘mck #' gaid he. *I baveu's commenced to ghe, It is a fino testimonial to the affectionate regard which tha people bore bim, that, seeing the state of his shyoat, the people cried Yoy needu’s go on, Gov. Baoth.” “We'll let him oX from the speech.” * Save your strength, Govornor!” Do railroady and riches buy such devotion as this from humau multitudes taught a chivalry new to themselves by their favorite's exampla ? % VICTOBT. The Indopsndent ticket swept the metropolis, - cleating cni Cas:esiy's coliorts on oue side, end setung azley the best-laid placs of William Carr. It was Tu:form aud nov Revolution; but the raif- road-pzople tried to maka it seem the latter by torthwith discharging several hundred of their employes, on the ground that * the animosity of the reople of Cabfornia bad made it impracti- cable to go on with their enterprizes.” Lo this Booth replied at the balcony of the Grand Hotel, where they gave him a reception ; and not at this time wes he & lonely adventurer,—for the sky was shot full of rqckets, and the streets blazed wich fires, and tbrough the roaring multitudes six white horses drow the popular favorite. 1 remember, fellow-citizeus,” L said, * when at the removal of the deposits, the United States Bank discharged laboiers, and attempted to cro- 2te a pulic apprehension, in order to alarm Oid Hickory. It was 3 fadure. We kmow our griev- ances, our rights, and our purpose, and we don’t scare worth » ceut.” ROUTS THE OLD JUDICIART. Following this election there was to be a gen- eral State campaign for a Sufifnor Court Judge. Booth's, advisers said to him: **Won't it be better for yon not to make a nomination? You huve done 5o well already ; and, perhaps, people will say you aro making potitics out of the Judi- *Weo must have an organization,” said Booth,. “to do aiy good. One victory is & mere pao- nomenon. ‘There will be times of apathy which must ba anticipated by organizing. My experi- ence 1s, that corruption attacks the Legislature first, next the Execative, and finally makes its mest in the Judiciary, where it is bardest to be dislosged. If, as we sy, corruption in office is the rule of the times, it will not loave the Judi- ciary pute. We rnust organize.” . Ho and his frieads—Swift, James, the editors of tho Union. Bulletin, and Call, and others whose names I forget—put in nomination Mec- Kinscry againgt McKee, Democrat, and Durnell, Republican. It was what is called “a walk- over” for the Independent, and he hdd betweeu 7,000 and 8,000 plarality over eitder of the others. SENT TO THE SENATE. By this time Booth was the idol of the State,— bitterly hated by megnates and their stipendia- ries, but unassailable. Aad yet it was deemed impossible to elect him Senafor; for the straight or Carr Republicans wouid profer to coalesce with the Democrats and vominate any * Chiv.,” liowever violeut, instead of tha popular candi. date. Such is the popular party under tho cap- tavity of 1ts own speculations. z Bt the Democratic people from all over the State packed their carpet-sucks and paid fare to Sucramento, where they grimly waylaid their Leglators, #aying: ~ We presnme you know whom' we all want for Senator ? l{Thure'u only one mind in our district. We'll hold every man responsible who sclls the State out of Newton Booth, as much ay if we had seen the money counted out to him by Bdly Catr. i Aud 80 thie last battle of this clean campaigu was_foiight. Throush it all, neither Stauturd nor Sargent, nor the Hopkinses, norany of them, spoke to Gov. Booth any moro than if Le ‘had committed a crime. The State Government was wholly divorced from the political and commer- cial conspiracies witbin it, aud both the old par- ties switched off,. like a couple of wrecking tiains. In little above oue year, the Anti-o- nopoly interest of the country will have at least one Senator at Washington to transfer what has heretoforo boen a Iocal coutest to the national areua. HIS POSITIONS. Gor. Booth belioves in %o government com- peting railroad, of the style of Logan’s and furlbut’s. He believes that * to regulute com- merce between the Statgs " means to regulate what iz, and that within each State there is lozal sovereiguty perpetually rosident for tue same purpose. Iio clzims fhat the | railtonds have usurped tho power of taxation, aud wade iv logically impossible, as at present unrestraned, to legislaie purely,— presenting higher inotives and rowards than duty and geueral interest to all classes of of- cials, 1he first work he will undertake in Cougross will be a thorongh investigacion of the Central Pacific Railtoad, in whica, we presume, bie will be assistod by Senators Stéwurt; S«geut, aad Conkling, and Col. Frauchot. Gov. Bocth'is opposed to Chineso immigra- tion as long as il 5 3 system of coutract-slavery, where neither thys Iiving nor the dead Leathens buy or bequeath’ property, or make homes, or improve the lawl. I the motives of the immi- grauts were to bediffersat, he would welcome them. arragus tho magnates of Califor- nia for desirit:g to accumulato this godless aud homdless lalior in order to obviate tho incou- vemences of & senticnt and voting population. Thus all tings are moving toward the relief of ‘socicly from_organizations more potential than goverument itself. GaTH, — (0MPULSORY EDUCATION. To the Editer of The Chizago Tribus Sim: In your editoril advocating computsory education, you make two points: 1. That to teach clnldren to read and write is of great benefit b0 them in after-life. 2. That it leads them from crime and the occasion of crime. Leavinys the first question to bs argned by those who think it the business of the Government to play the part of the parent, and do whatever to tho Government may seem best for the wel- fare of the people, I pass to the second point. You publish some statistics from Ba- vatis, from which you try to trace a connection betveen crimeand the absence of echoals. Let ma give you some statistics from nesrer bome. The annnal report of {he managers cf the Mich- i7an State Prison for the year just closed gives %8 the following statistics : Per cent, I ‘Prisoners who can rezd, write, and cipher. Read aud write. Zead onj, SRR T T Aro we to assume that, when & man learnd to read, he is more liable to crime (han befors ; and that, when bo adils writing to his accom- plislunents, his chazices for tho Penitentiary ate incroased four-fold? Unmunrried.. Per cent. 3 Widgawers. [ I & widower in that happy stato that he is ex. pos2d to erime to ouly oae-sixth of the extent of ma:ried men, and one-twelfth that of single man? Ouglt we to eucourage the condition of wuiowhood Per cent. . Py {soners with pleasant married relations........75.27 Prisoness with unpicasant married relations......24.7 Can it be that domestic broils keep men out of erime, whilo men are for more disposed to crime slien everytiing 18 lovely at home ? Here are some mora statistics : Temperate, Uscasional dri Intemperate, . Crite committes =i Crime eommitted when sobe Father living. Mother Liviu auce of crime to get ri rarents ? Or do tempera:e habits lead to crime ? In the matter of religions instruction, the sta- tistics are startling. ~ Of tha whole number of prisoncrs, thers had Attended church Attended Sabbat! E Do not these figures show the utter worthless- ness of statisics 3s showing any counection be- tween crimo and ability to read and write, and cven as to miemperance ? \as the philosopher much out of the way who illustrated this point by eaying 93 per cent of all eriminals wear sus- neaders ; ¢rgo, suspenders have o criming] ten— dency. ; Boz. Oncaco, Jan, 22, 1874, . -— Accident to the St. Louis Tunnel, From the st. Louis Bepuulican, Jin. 21, Yestcrday morning abont 6 o'clock = portion of the north wa'l of the tunnel on Washiugton ave- nue, between Sixth and Soventh streets, about 150 feet tn Jength, gavo way, and was forced i at the bottom a numbor of inches. As the wall was thick and stiff, it moved in a solid mass, breaking the top of the arch, which, however, did not fall in. "Assoon as it was discovered, a force of men, under the immediate superintend- ence of Conttactor Andrews, wwent to work fixing up prove to prevent any further movement of the wall, uatil 1t should be taken down. In- quiries a¢ the office of Mr. Andrews clicited the following explanation of the affarr: In making the excavation for that portion of the tunnel, a bed of quicksand was struck about 20 feet west of. Sixth street, aud extending to Seventh street, the full width of the tunnel. but how wnch wider was not ascertsined. Exploration was made as to the depsh, but the bottom was not reached. Water seeped througzh it quice freely, showing the presence of & epring or springs, which sent out & constant stroam. = An eugine dnviog a fulsometer pump of the ca- pacity of 400 gallous per munute was crected to dispose of the water, and was kept running al- most constantly. A consultation of engimecrs was held a5 to what was best to bo done under the circumstances, and 1t was concluded that if a beavy bed of concroto was spread over quick- sand there wouid bs no iuriher trouble. ~ This was done, and tho foundations of the wall were laid on this concrete. Waterstill came through, but 2pparently clear and free from sand, and it was not euspected that any damage was being doue to the foundation, It ia now evident that sand must bave escaped, little, until the bind- ing pressire of the sione was relaxed, allowing the weight of the newly filled-in dirt to force the bottom of the "wall from its bear- ings. ‘The centre and southern wall like wise rest on the same bed of quicksaud, but a8 tae water comes from the north side it is sup- posed that they wilinot be affected. There is Do thrust to the arches of the tunoel, as they rest with a dead weight on_tho centre of the walls; the arch of the north division can, there- fore, be removed without interfering with that oo the south. The removal of the damaged portion will be commenced forthwith, ard it 18 supposed that several weeks will be consumed in the removal and rebuilding. The cost can only be approsimately estimated, buz it is sup- posed that it will-be somewnere between £40,000 and £50,000. 4 Some apprehension was felt as to the safaty of the fonndations of the Lindell Hotel, a portion of which are contiguoug to the break in the tun- nel, but there secms to be but little ground tor fear, Alil:ongh those foundations are not guite 80 deep as tnose of the tuunel, they are nearly thirty feet away from it, and are of the most substantial Bature, coneisting of cross eections of heéavy timbers, bearing s _considerable thick- Dess of concrete, surmounted by inverted arches of heavy stone, A GREAT CANAL. Scheme to Certilize 1,614,000 Acres of “Lahd~-I06W tlic Californii Grangérs Propose 1o Do It. From'the San Fiancisco Chronicte, Jan. 13, The Grangers have perfected s grand acheme of irrigatidn, which will prooably be presented to the Legislature in & fow daga, with a demand for legislatioh on the subject. The correspond- eat of the Examiner gives the following resume of the echeme: ‘The district of country imme- diately concerned in this measvre includes.all the land [rom the footbills of the 3ierras to the 8an Jcaquin, from esat to west, nad from north to south, It is abont 130 miles long by say 80 svide, but in tho calculation made by the Farmers it is 20 milés lo. . It is proposel to construct a canal,” commencing ~ where the San Joaquin debouches from ‘the Sierra Nevada, 'and carry it along the foothulls, as high up as practicable, to Stockton. The object primarily to be obtained is the afford- ing of & sufficiency of water to irrigate all the land intervening betweeu the canal and the San Joaquin River, and at the same time to furnish moans of chéap transportation for the produce this large area of land will give tothe oountry as a result of the irrization. Tho groat canal I8 proposed to bo made 100- feot wide by as much ‘as 8 feet doop. large cnougl: to carry boats of 100 tons capacity, and will be supplied with its waters from the foll ing streams, which are situated as follows: 1. Saa Jonquin; 2. Fresno, about 20 miles; 8. Cuowchilli, 10 miles; 4 Mariposa, 10 miles ; 5. Bzar Creek, 8 miles; 6. Merced, 15 miles ; 7. Toulumue, 20 miles ; 8. Stanisluy, 9 miles? thence to Stockton, 20 miles,—making 112 nules in all, though the' actual distance 15 probubly about 136 miles. ‘Taking 130 miles as the length and 20 miles as tho widch, there would ba 2,600 scctions, or 1,644,000 acres, of nominally unproductive land that would be rendered the most prouuctive of any body of land in the wortl. The cout of the canal i8 estimated at £100.030 per mile, .including tho aqueducts over streams. Taking:tho esti- mated longth st this cost per mile, the eutiro cost would be $13,000,000. The State will be asked to issue her bonds for the cost of con- structlon, and the law providing for the canal will levy 'anannual tax of $I per acre on every agro of land within tho above limils, aud also a tonnage duty of say 25 cents on every ton of prouce passing through the canal to save the Sfato from expense. The fax thus ruised from the tand would amount to $1,644,000 per year. and the tounage of course would he consider- able. and the whole proceeds would be applied to the liquidation of the debt. 1t is proposed to organize the enlira area into oua irrigation district, the ‘vshole to ba uuder the control of s commission of prac- tical mea appointed by the State, for the pur- Dpose, ¥ Lach stream crossed by the cannl shalibe used 88 a fecdor, and it is suggested thiat flame-feed- crs may bo used, through which the timber, lumber, and wood bordering on %hose streams in the mountains can be tloated 6> the canal, and thus reach & market otherwiso impossible. As the supply of cimber in this loag stretch of the Sierras i6 very great, it is Delieved, that this policy would act a5 & check up on the monopoly business in lumber a8 now pra cticed, and would, male the general improvemerit of tho country traversed bv the canal vast.y greatly than it would be under oxisting circu mstances. As contemplated by those p reasing the matter, the farmers aro to own_their own boats, sad traneport their own produce, snd the oniy cost that shall attoch to them ski:ll ba the cost par ton of freight Euaiug throoysh the canal, except- ing of courso the tax per act's on the land. Asit is now, the crops haing uncertain, the laud of the entire district is probably not worth over $5 per acre,—cerlainly not more than 10— whereas certainty of a crop everv. year, as irriga- tion would make it, wonld enbance it to €830, This would make the actual enhancement in the value of tlie land £16,440,- 000—more than the cost of the canal; ana in lees than ten years the productiveness of the land would enbance the valug to 370 or $30 per acre. This eubsnced value would, of ccurse, piva to the State en- hanced revanues. As thoe broad westes now desolaze toleversthing mave sago brush and drifting sand would teem with a multitude of lappy homes, surrounded with fields groaning with grain, purple with fruic, and radiant with Howers. To avoid as far a8 possible a curreot in th canal, which would iuteriere with the baunks, it is purposed to zigzag with tho bills and thus maiutaio o level, a8 nearly as m:sy be, and when this cannot be done, to establish locks by menns of which boats can be let down to other levels, and at which wates-power may bLe leased for manufactaring purposes, GRANGE AND CIXURCH. ‘The Archbishop of San ! rancisco Ad- vises Catholics Not to {Toin the Pa- trons of Husbandry. From the San Francisco Chronicle, A question has arisen—of ver'y great import- ance—in connection with the g1 éat Grauge move- ment. As mout of our renders must be awars, thore ave many secret societios upon which the Roman Catholic Ciurch looks *with no favor, and which she has forbidden bor raembers to join, and it is the gencral impreasie n that the Church is “ opposed to all secret socisties.” ‘he ques- tion. © Does the Church sanation_the formation. of Granges and approve of her adherenis joining them?" has been carnestly asked by thousancs: of late, withou: calling forth an nnswer suthoritative encugh to set hesmtation at rest. ‘The Clronicie resolvad, some time ago, to procure for ils reaJers tho best possible inform- ation upon the zabject. and, to that ecd, ono of, 1ts repicsentatives calied upon Archbisfiop Ale-" many, Lbe bizhest Roman Catholio authority 1 the Sfate, and Inid the matfer before him. The Archbishop, remarkiug that he appreciated the importance of the izsues involved, requested to ve furnishied with dats from which he could ob- tain & kuowledze of the posivios, aims, and working of the Patrons of Huubandry. The Constitution and By-lawus of tho Society, and other documents bearing upon this matter, were sent to lis Grace somo three vieoks azo, and Inst evening the reporter called al, the residence of the clergy, on California street,, to receive the important opinion, The reporter opeaed the subject anow by say- ing: * Your Grace, I Lave called, s you are doubtless aware, 10 ask you wheiber, after hav- ing examined the cométimution, by-laws, snd other puolications of the Patrons of Husbandry, you are prepared t7_eay whethet a Catholic will have the sanction of bis Church in joining the Order 7" 4 ‘The Archbishop—I have given the matter a great ceal of consideration, and have not yot made up my mind about it. i Reporter—When do you think you vill bé able to coms to some conciusion ? ‘Too Archbishop—Not yet. It mry be six months ; it may be twelve moaths. Reporter—In the meantime, shou!d a Catholic think of -belongiog to the Order and ask your adyice about it, what would you gay to lum ? The Arch:bishop—I should advise him not to join it. Reporter—Then, 80 far as yon have investi od. ygu disapprove of the Order ? EY The Archbishop—No, I have not saidthat. I cannot say that I disapprove of sy of its ob- jects orof its proceedinge. Teporter—Then what js tho_dificalty? Why. do you hesitate to sanction 1t 2 The Archbishup—Because I am not yet certain what the Order may becoms, It inay not bo objectionable now; but it may be hereafter. =1t already shows an 1aclination to branch out and include other orgsnizations. Now, I do not know what organizations 1t may receive ; or how 1ts principles may be modifiet. Itisstill in o transition state, audit is because it isin that state that we cannbt sanction it, whila we do not ex- press disproval of it. Reporter—Its being a sacrat society is an ob- jection at the outset, I suppose, The Catholic Church is understood to be oppased to secret so- cieties. The Archbishop—Not as secret societies, but because the members of tome of them have to take upon themselv.s obligations contrary to charity and Caristianicy. Reporter—The Catholic Church is opposed to Freemasonry ; now I have noc heard that any of its imposed obligatious are contrary to charity and Christiamty. The Archbishop—Not sg far as you know, Eerlmps ; not so far as thousands and thousands know, but we know that in the high degrees the membera have to take obligalions whick are coa- trary to true charity, and would crush Christi- anity. Now tiae Church is in favor of all that is charitable and is opposed to all that is un- charitable; for that reason she is opposed to monopolies. And all other forms of oppression. There is much that 18 good iu the principles of the Grangers, but how much of evil may.tind ita ‘way in—und I fear some may—I do not know, Reportér—Supposing that you tinally decide that a Catholic 8bould not join the Patrons of Husbandry, and another Archbishop decide Lua:1 l?ne may, how will the cifference be recon- cile: The Archbishop—It would go to Bome. In fact the wholo subject wiil probably be thor- ouglly investigated io Rome, sod & conclusion reached there will be final! 3 Beportet—I bave uuderstood you to esy, then, thac a Catholic should not join s Grango? The Arcobishoo-~Yes ; not becanse we dizap- -| prov of this Order, I want you to particularly un- derstand that; tus because we donot vel know what tie Ocder will become, and might have to withdraw. our countenance.from it, even if we did approve it now, 4 e e g THE GREAT HELENA FIRE. Loss Bstimated at 8550,000. From thy Helena (lfontans) Hernld, Jan. 9. Another disastrous conflagration has ewept over this doomed city like the besom of destruc- tion, and reduced to ashes the most valuable portion of tho metropolis. Abouc 7 o'clock this moroing a fira was discovered in & gambling- house in Chinatown—the ideatical place, it 18 said. in which origiuated the great fire in April, 1869, which destroyed almost the entire -city. ‘Tho wind at tne time was blowing & perfect hur- ricave, and seemed to increso as the morning advanced—not unliko tho fearful blast that swent over Chicago two years ago, Ina brief timo tho whole of Chinatown was in flames. The ealoon on the corner of Bridge and Upper Muim etreets then caught, tio grocery stora of Irvine &, Todd sooa following; then Lissner's biiliard-salooa, the wooden buildings opposito, including Travis' stables. Toe flames Isaped across the streot, and, as & mitter of course, tho Interuat:onal Hotel, the finest and most complete public housa 1 tho Northwest, was the next victim to the remorscless trenzy of the fire-fiend. Then followed Dan Floweree's + Exchange,” the * Kivus,” Binzel & Deunis', aud, in fact, all the huidings ou Wood street. *Our Sample Rooms”and the brick block ad- joimmg, including "the Post-Ofiice and tho wooden buildings across the street, were all saept out of sight in less time almost than it tskes to record tiae fact. Human efforts scemed utterly impotent to stay. or even check, the ravages of the inexora- blo domon enfoldiug 1o fiery embrace many & structuto, and swiftly spreading over_tho heart and centro of the town. Johnson & Dutreulle’s barber-shop, Iedges & Holter's brick block, Mru. Twogood’s mullinery establishmeat, the People’s Wational Bank, the First National Bank, the Union Beesery, Gaus & Klem's, Goldberg & Bro.’s, Frauk Abt's, the Diamond 1" ofiice, tho Lafavette Brewery, Nick Kess- ler's brewery, the Cosmopohtan botel, Dr. Frank’s barber-siioo, Charles Rumley’s Assay Odtica, J. Feldoera’s, and many others which at prosent wa do not recall, wero completely de- stroyed. Many valuable buildings on Bridge street were als0 laid in ashes,—1n fact, the greater portionof that thoroughfare, including the Gazetle office, What seems o be most remarkable in connec- tion with (his fire i the fact that its conrse was about tho eame as that of the great fire in 1859; in fact, almos; precisely the same, for on that occasion the whole of Chinatown, Bridge strest. Wood street, and Main street on both wides, were entirely destroyed. There is this differ- ence, however: In the formor fire, every build- ing on the south side of Main street as far down as Hale's drugs tore, and on the opposite side as Iar as Clarke, Conrad & Curtin's hardware store, wera consumed ; while this fire only extanded to Ming & Co.’s book store on tha one side, and to Mlfen & Rosencran’s boot and shoe store on the other. On Bridze street, it extended as far ns Renig's. and Dorris & Lowery's, on the opposito side of that store, wnere it was cho:ked, there being a plentiful supply of water in tae well near the corner. I A desperate effort to cave the St. Lonis Hotel was made, and we are happy to siate that it was successtal. All other buildings oo both sides of Jacuson street were totally destroyed, and many houses in the rear of Jackson met tho ssme fate. e In the great confusion which prevails through- out the city, it is impossibie to give anything lize an accurate report of this terrible disaster. Every man in the c.ty (and we might say in the county t00) has lost directly or indirectly by this awfol vistation of the Fio Fiend. It camoata time when our peoplo wero least sblo to meet any loss wha'over—at a time wheu money is extremely scarce, and with large stocks or hand. Our merchants are tho héaviost auflorers. Gans & Klein, the most extensive mercauttle firm 1 Montana, have Iosz their entire stock of goods, consising of roady-msdo clothing and gents'’ furnishings,— the larzest and choicest stock in the Territory, and valued at £150,000. In addition to this they 10ss their fine threo-story brick building, valued at $25,000. All of which, wo learn, was a total loss, there being no iasurance on the ssme. ‘I'he destruction of Gana & Klein's building alio involved tho loss of Goldberg DBros'. stock of clothing, which waa removed to that house soon after the breaking out of the fire, believins that it was a pecfectly fire-proof building, Goldbeig estimates his loss at 215,000.° The valaable law library of E. W. Toole aal J. K. Toole was also removed to Gans & Kiein's, and this, too, shared a ligo fate. Tho libracy was valued at 35,000, Among the banks of the city destroyed by the fiie are the First National aud tae People’s National ; that 18, the buildings aro lost, bat the vaults and everyubing remaining in them are xafe. Tho books and greonbacks in both these institntions, amouniing to saveral hundred thousand dollars, were carefully removed to & secare place lonx before the fire reached them. Neither of the banks, we learn, had anvy mort- gages or other securities on ihe buildings do- stroved, and, having taken tho precantion to ro- move from their vanite all the groesbacks and valuables, they have escaped with comparatively small los<es. Bota of tho banks will be open and in full blast again on Monday morning. About 10 o'clock thie stablo of Gen. Blaine caught fire from some of the cinders which were fiying in the air. The flames quickly spread to lus fine rosidence on Fifth avenue, and i less tuan thirty minutes toth werein ashes. Sov- eral other dwellings oo Fifth avenne and Rodney street caught fire from tho same cause referred to above, aud s general fire in that section of the city was only prevented by the vigilance of our citizens. Thera is a very sirong fecling existing against the Chinese portion of our population ; au- this i8 mot to bo wondered at. T'his is the third ume tbat the city has been burnea down through the carelesspess of this portion of the community, or through the nature of the buildings they are in tho habit of putting up. ~ Bat it certainly be- hooves us to lut our reason come into play in viewing this matter, sud we should not allow our passions to got the upper hand of us. Are the Clunamen to_blame, or are we to blame, in tho matter? That is tho question. If, ays community, we permit this portion of our popu- lation to build fral woolen stractures in the most dangerous part of tha town, aro we uot responsible for the calamities that ensuo asa consequence of our lemency? Aost certaiuly woare. And it is surcly our duty to protcct our- sclves in the futare by probibiting tho Cuiueso from erecting wooden structures immediately adjacent to the soutbern portion of the town. ‘Y'he Chinese are not to blame. They, like us, are strueghng o maie a hving. Aund it is a fact wortliy of our comsideration, that the most wealthy Chinese merchants, after having ail their property destroyed, were ween working as hard as others 10 save the property of our. wiite citizens. » 3 Jakoe Feldberz, who has the only stock of clothing at present on hand in Helena, suthor- izes us to state that he will be open to-morrow, and that he will treat the boys just as he did be- fore the fire,—will not raise a cent on tha price of clotbing. The total tnes from this disastrous fire will ap- proximate $350,000. We give this estimate from the most reiiable information that could be ob- tained. [There were about 150 buildings de- wroyed.] P e Assault on the Duke of Cambridge, From the Licerpool Post, Jan. 8. Charles Studdert Mauasell, a Captain on re- tired haif-pay of tae Eighty-second Foot, resid- ing at No. 37 Clareadon Buildings, George street, Oxford strcet, was broaght up at Marloorouzh Street Police Court, London, yesterday morning, on & warrant, charged wito assaulting His Roy.l Highness the Duke of Cambridge, in Pall Mall, on Tuesday afternoon. His Royal Highness, on beinz sworn, said he was walking alonz Pall Mall on his way to the ‘War Odlice, when, without any apparent rhyme or reason, the prisoner cams up to him and accost- ed him, saying, ** Your Royal Highuess has done me a grievous wrong ;” e was ou the point of snying. a8 ho sas in the habit of doiog to per- sons who addressed him and whom he did not koow, that he might write to Lim if he had anything to eay, when the nprisoner step- ped back and then ran at him snd struck bim twice, as hard as he could, with his fist, on the chest. He stepped into tne road to coa- gider what he should do and to call the attention of tbcIoUca to the matter, when the prisoner slipped round and struck him sgain. A police- man came across the road, and as the conatable said ha witnessed the assault he lef. the matter there, thinking the constable would take him into custody. He never intended not to make a charge. When be heard who the prisoner was, and ascertained that the constable bad got bLis name and address, he communicated with the Commixsioners of Police aud a warrant was ap- plied for. In apswer to Mr. Newton, His Roval High- ness said be believed the prisoner’s name, waa Maunsell, and tiat & Capt. Maunsell had been wrtting letters complaining of wot being prop- erly treated ; he hoard the prisoner suy some- thing about Commander-in-Chief, but be could not say what; i1t was his pataral impulse to havoe strgck the prisoner again, but he refrained trom daing so. ; A policsman and Lieut.-Col. Armstrong, of the Bengal Staff, gave corroboraiive evidence. Col. Armstrong 8aid he lieard tae prisonor say. #I've done what I wantad. .I'm the most ill- used maa io the world.” Inspoctor William Harme, C Division, said that on_apprehending the prisonor bo eaid he had béen sulféring very much from headache. He found him lodging in a model .lodging-house, in George street. Oxford'strect, and the idea oc- cucred to bim that the peisonerwas not in Lis right sendes, a3 he was very dowpcast and de- sponding.— ~ i The prisonor auid bo sbould ik to. eay some- thing. Mr. Newton said, a8 he intended to remand bim, perbaps at tnat stage it woyld not be pru- dent for him to do. The prisoner was then removed. A lotter found ou him addressed to himself was given up to him by order of.the magistrate. THE NZW CARDINALS. Their Appointment. . Rome (Dec, 22) bispatch to the Lonton Dafly News. This morning, at half-past 10, the Pope, fol- lowed by his Gourt, entered the Hatl of the Con- sistory in the Vatican, and in a loud voice read a short allocution, partly 1epcating what ho stated in the last encyclical letter. His Holiness said his heart bled at the idea that tho most impor- taat ceromonies ahould bo carried out in such s sccrot manner. but the terrible conditions of the Church, Surs cuted in several parts of Europe, compelied bim to take measures to strongthen it. Iie, therefore, having been inspired by Heaven to resist with all his power, sppointed for ‘tho present tho followiny Cardinals: Mgr. Cardoso, Archbishop of Lisbon; Mgr. Guibert, Archbishop of Paris; Magr. Reguier, Archbishop of Cambray ; Mgr. Simon, Primats of Hungary: Ner. Tammocay, Archbishop of Salzbuse; Mgr. Barmo, Archbishop of Valeosia Jlgr. Chigi, Pupal Nundio at Pans; Mer. Fal cincili, Papal Nuncio at_Viouna; Mgr. Franchi, Papal Nuucio at Madrid; Mgr. Oreglia, . Papal Nuncio ¢ Lishon ; the Jesmt Fatber Tarquiu, and the Augustine Father Martinelli, His Holi- ness also nominatod four Bishops in partibus infidelium ; threo Bishops in_Italy; Mer. Olte- nan, as Bishop of Grossvoardein, ip Hungary; Father Corona, as Bishop of San Luis Potosi, aad Fathor Hillion, a8 Bishop of Hayti, His Holinoss then requosted the members of » tho Sacred College to give their assent. The Cardi- nals angwered placet, and the Popo ther charged soven members of tho Noblo Guard to start to- night and caavey the news of their appoiatment to such of the nowly-sppointed Cardinals 3 are not now inRome. _ Anothor Consistory will be beld at the beginning of naxt year. ~To-day's important ceremony, though private, and even Becret, was carried Out in 5 manaer which con- clusively showed that the Pope, contrary to his own nssertions and those of his partisans, is per- fctly fres s0 exerciss his spiritaal fuscilon in ome. After the Consistory, the Pope received the Cardinals, The Vicar-General, in the name of the Sacred Collego, expressed. approval of the appointments, and hoped that this reinforce- ment would prove beneiicial to the Charca. The Pope snid that tho Chucch was attacked on all sides by wolves and monsters, and that clouds wero gathenng_everywhera arouna her. She would, however, triamph and shine outwith more spleddor than eve Who They Are. From the Frecman's Journal. Mrg. Ailisandro Franchi, Archbishop of Thessalonica, in partibus infideliui Apostolic Nuncto in Spam. [Cardin: is 1n the 55th rear of his age; a uative of Rome; preconized Arclibishop in 1836.] Mgr. Flavio Chigi, Archbisliop of Myra, in partibus, and Apostolic Nuncio® in France. [Cardinal Chigiis in his G4th year, was born in Rome, and preconized Archbishop in 1856, * Mgr. Luici Oreglia di Santo Stefano, Arch- bishop of Damietta, in_partibus, nad Apostolic Nuncio in Portugal, [Cardinal Oreglia 18 in his 45th year; a nativo of tho diocese of Mondovi, Piedmont. He was preconized in 1866.] Ligr. Mariano Falcinelli Antoniacei, of the Beacdictines ¢f Monte Cassino, Archoishop of Athens, in partibus, and Apostolic Nuncio in the Empire of Austro-Hungary. [Cardinal Faleinelll comoleted his 67ch year 1n November lzst. He was born at Assisi, preconized Bishop of Forli, in ths Pn%:l States, 1 1853, and pro- moted to the Arch-Episccpate 1o 1357.(]) Joseph Hyppolite Guibert, of the Oblates of Mary Immacalate, and Arcobishdp of Paris. {Cardinat Guibert com&leted his 7ist year in Décember just past. He was “born at Aig; in 1842 he was precohuzed Bishop of Viviers, and in 1857 he was promioted Archbishop of Tours. Thencs, in 1571, be was tranaferred to Paris. Magr. Rene Fran:ois-Regnier, Archbishop of Campray. _[Cacdinal Regoier is 1 lis 67th year, s Dative of the Department of Maine-et- Loite, proconized Bishop of Angonlems in 1312, acd promoted to the Metropolitan See of Cam- bray in 1850.] Mgr. Mariano-Barrio y Fernandez, Archbishop of Valencia, in Spa:n, of whom we gave an ac- count in lass week's Freeman. He Las éntered his 69.h year. Mgr. Maxiritian von Tarnoozy, Archbishop of Salzburg, Austris, [Cardinal Von Tamoczy isin bis 67th year, born in Schwa:z, Lower Austria, and preconized in 1351.] B Mgr. John von Simor, Archbishop of Strigonia (Gran) and Primate of Hungary. [Cardiual von Simor is in his 61st vear. He was boro at Alba Revala (Stohlweissenburg), was made Bishop of Giavatino (Reab), in 1857, and promoted to the Primacy of Huogary in 1567.] 1t 1s a hittie curi- ous that the usually accurate Almanach de Gotha bas, for several years, styled Mgr. von Simor * Cardinal!™ a Mgr. Iguazio do Nascimento Moracs Cardoso, Patriarch of the Indias, and Arohbisaop of Lis- bon. HCardiml Cardoso was 62 years oid on the 20tk ult., two days before he was proclaimed Cardinal. He is a native of the north of Portu- gal, was prezonized for the Sea of Faro in 1863, and promotet to tho Patriarchate in 1871.] The Very Rev. Fatber' Camillo Tarquini, of the Socioty of Jesus. [Cardinal Tarquini lins been long known in Rome for eminent qualities, He was Theologian of the Apostolic Penitentiary, and consultor of the Sacred Congregations of the Inquisition, of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, and of the Propsganda.) Fra Tommaso slartinelle, of the Hermita of St. Augustine, and Consaltor of theSacred Co n- gregation of the Index. We think the last two named Cardinals are natives of Rome, but we arenot able to tell tho age of either of their eminences, iy ol e A A $500,000 Suit, and o New Way to Adjudicate. From the Putsburgh Post, As our resders probacly know, the Kavatons Bridge Company, of this city, contracted for the Euilding of he groat bridgo uver tho Mississippi River, at 8t. Louis, soma years ago. The price agreed to was $2,000,000. In order to reach solid rock, the contractors had to escavate 160 feet below the bed of the river to atart the foun- dation for tho piers. The bridze has already cost tho Company over 10,000,000, and is not {:; finished. Darinz the time the bridge has en quder constraction, many changes and al- terations havo beon made from the original plans, and out of these the complication has arisen, For these tae Kevstono Ccmpans were to receivo compencation. The Iilinois & St. Louis Bridge Comvaay have, from iime to timeadvanced money on the estimates of the engincers, but a large sum 18 now in dispute, to settle which both sides finally ag:ecd to a movel plsn of settlement, a8 fojlowa: To submit the matter in controversy to the arbitration of two persons, one to be judge of the facts and the otber of the law, their decision to be final. Idr, James Park, Jt., of this city, has been selected to “do- termice the facts, and the Hon. Stanley Mathews, of Cincinnati, 83 judge of the law. The Board will meet at the Monongabela House, 1n this city, and enter uponthe discasrge of the duty assigned them. Tho terms of tho agree- ‘ment require a decigion within sixty days, The amonnt 1n dispute is over £570,000, whych the Keystone Company claim is duo them “on ac- count of cheoges in tho original plan, while tao Tllinois & St. Louis Company claim over £200,- 000 for detentions, etc. Sol. Schoyer, Esq.. of this city, reiresan(a the Koystone Company, and Messra. Lover and Shepler, of St. Louis, the Illinois Company. On account of the im- meuse sam involved and the novel method af gdjudwtaunn. the result will be looked for with interest. s — ‘The Samoan Islands. The New Zealand Herald of Oct. 1 states that the object of Col. Stemnberger's visit to Samoa was to learn whetber the chiefs of that group dusired the United States (roverninent to assume & protectorate over them. Ho found that mot ouly were Lhe cluefs nearly usenimous for this political change but also the foreigners of all pationalities residing there. Tue Herald's letter says: "The echooner Fanny, under charter by the United States Govcroment, arrived at Apia oo the 17th of Angust, with Col Steinberger as passenger. This officer viaits the islands in congeqnence of a petition sent by the whites and patives of the group to the United States Government, asking for American protection. A second petidon, similar to the former one, was in conrse of siznature and bad al coived 70 names, whilo oiher sigantares wacs ot Eea{ai A mecting of native chiefs was calig 5 the United States Commiscioner, for 1o urposo of hearing their views In the et hree-foirths of those present wero in favor annexation, and the remainder required time ¢ delibrate. ” It was fuls expocted sbat the grore would be taken under the American Procecion,” PAVIA‘S COB. The Forcible Diayolution of D1ay 4 spanish Cortes. e dadrid (Jan. 3), Currespondence of the Londin Stang. ard. o bave had a coup d'elat, which B bloodlesa 65 yot., Capt.-Gon. Pacla ey Poc Cromoll, and his'sharp astion and quior aae.2® bave ploased all classes, 6ava tho extreme 1 transigeutes. The movement 0 far hing gy oo bibited any Alfonsiuo tendency. Thy Cortes opened at 3 o'c.ccx. Numerous RTOUpS of peo- ploareiu the streets, but they are persct) quiet. Salmeron presided. Wien tha formy] business was over, Orenso cried, “YViva ln Qo publica Fg:lexa._l!" Loud cries from the Laft fol. lowed. ‘The message naving been read from the Trioune by Castalar, Seuor Olias moved that the Cortes had heard it with profonnd satigtaction, ond tondered thaoks to che Gosernment for thy zeal, mtelligeuce aud patriotism displasey duning tho interregnum, The motion we sequence of the vote, tas wholo Cabinet their resignations. and it would bo nena:gl:‘vmfeoe the op}mmnn Lo proceed at guce to ;08 nomina. tion of & new Mmistry in order to prevent aj danger to the public tranquill; A violent rceno ensued, during which'Seuor Salmzron Eaid that the Cortes wou'd respond for the mamten. aace of order, no ma. ter what might take place Considerabio’ disorder followed” apon Senge Castelar repeating his warning, which termiuated inloud cries of *Vote! vora!” After a reone of wild ezcitement the discussion was openod o the original voio of confidenco by Semgr Montalvo, who was followed by a dozen other oakers ' of diferent factions of | the oare. The Cortes adjourned at 8 o'clock and resumed its eitting at 10, when a namber of other speechos wete made. endine in those of Senorcs Salmeron and Castelar. The votiug was then proceeded with, and resnlted in 100 for and 120 againat the motion. The annout.cements of the oumbers was received with loud cheers from the <1t and centre, upon which Senor Castelar ten. dered his resiguation, which the House accented, amid great excifement. It way wow after 5 o'clock. Soon after 6 o'clock Capt.-Geu. Pavia, with troops, cinil guirds, aud a atrons force of artillery, quietly ewerged from the oarracks, oo~ cupied all stroets militarily, and placed caunon at every corner, a8 well as opposire the Congress House. Pavia, with two companics of troops, on. tered the building, despatched an aide-de-camp to clear the Salau do Conferences. Tuis being ac- complisaed, another {ide—de{ump eniered tho Cortes, and, mountihg the President’s desk notified him that, by order of the Captain-Gen. eral of Madrid, the members of the Cortes mnst disperse. Loud prolestations were made, bir at thus junctare o few shots fired in the nir Ly tho troops in the lobby of the House causeda regular stampede. Senor Salmeron and several deputien took shelter in tue libiary, whenco they were shortly afterwards ejected. Tge diplomatic representatives present were escorted to tneir residences by officers with great conr- tesy, tha troops presenting arms as they passed along. The doors of tne Cortes were closed at 7 o'clock, ard eversthing pasucd off so quietly that the greater poruon of the inbavitaats of the city Loew npothing whatever of what bad taken placo uutil noon. Not the stightest disorder took place. nor wasnone drop of blood spilt. I have traversed the whole city, and found trauquillity provailing evcrrwhere,even in tho lowest guarters. Laige bodies of troops parade the streets and converae frcely with the people. Not a single #iva or cheer has bcen raised for any party. > en, Pavia at onco invited the public men of itical parties to meet togather 3nd form a Provisional "Goverament, when Serrano was elected President. The idea appears to nrevail that: the Provisional Government will continne to condnct the publiv business natil the Carhst and Cantonal insurrections shall have beea com- pletely put down, and then to assembls a Consti- tutional Cortes. An effort will probably theu be made foeatablish a National Republic on the Copservative basis. But it is dilicult and dan- gerous to prophesy what may ke place in this most extrdordinary conatry. News is anxiously a~aited here from the Prov- inces, and all the lines are in the hands of th Goverament. g v ———— MISCELLANEOUS. A family of eighe brothers, named Leng's, fn Dauphia Codaty, Pa., average 6 fect 44 iaches in bewgat. - - —Samuel A. Adsms was recently granted s divorce by a-Vermont Court, on acconat of the “1ntolerable severity of Sarah, his wifo.” —Pioclie, Neyada, is notsuch a rongl town ar people gencrally suppose. Of 103 assaults t cowmit murder danng the last year, only sever were successful. Y z S —The Argentine Republic has accepied the proposals of a company of Englixh contractors tg construct a railroad from DBuenos Ayres scrosa the Andes to Chili. g —A Maseachuse:ts Mayor, whose salary is baf 890 per year, has deliverod an ioaugural ad-rass twelve columos long, and he si:s up nights to ;Ee that the freshet doesn't carry off the mill- am, —Tae deposits in the Massachusetts cavings banks increased from 2184,797,313.92 in 1872, 1o £203,062,156.52 in 1873; or mora than 313,000,000. The 1ncreaso in the nymber of depositors was about 6 per cent. » —Last weex, in Ohio, s young lady died from what a round-head old doctor satd was *iheart klot, or embyolism of the'main flue of the heart,” but sha 1evived in an hoar, and it was found bad deen temporarily choked by a chew of gum which rtie had swallowed. —Tho Savanpah Aews says: “A negro was buried alive in a well at Batler recently. His friends dug him out in about four hours, and found bim alive and well.. He said he never wanted to sueeze go bad in his Lifs, but was afraid he would jar down some more dirt. —The Popo was lately pleased to receives party of Americacs who desired: to present some slight token of their jove and estcem for the Holy Father.. Among the “¢light tokens” was a cross of solid gold three feet high. (Qags.) Times asks that the .School Committes” vivit one of the town eclorls in the anter dis- tricts, where the Iady tescher aliows ber yonng man to st besido ber during scbool honrs, with {;js arm around her waist, occasioually takiug 3 o . > ‘The students of an English university hava Dass’ beer i3 the greatest ben :factor tqstudents, \| The subject called forth s livaly discassion, and a thip close the meeting decided in favor of the beer by the casting vota of the chairman. —Japanese officjuls are bezinning to try thelr hand at proclamation in the English language. Here is an examplo: “Tho trees cutting. biris sud beasts kitling, and cows and horsos eetiing in free at the ground belonging to Government aro prolibited. (Signed) 0Ossxs Fo. — 2ot Prenchmea, when they commit quicide, like to do it ina way which will render them celebrated in the papors. A coachman liviog st Montmartre invited his friends to dinrer recent. iy, and on arriving thero, instead of -ficding cheir host at the head of the table, ruddy and joyous, they discovered him dead, Langing oa the bed- post. Ha had taken the precaution to provids Dread, cheese, and wine for his guosta. 5 —L'he Talishassec (Fla.) Sentinel of tke 10th, in announcing the active resumotion of work ig several Jarge eaw-mills at Jacksonville aud otber pointa in the State, after nearly three months’ suspension, males the snnouncement that the indications ara favorable for aa un- da. The orders from the North are increasioz, while orders for the West Indies and adjscent ports ale greater than ever befure. v G e AT Ty Anccdofe of Cushing. From the Awnuata (Ga.) Conatitutionalist. An elderly gentlemen, who haa a large fund of aneclotes, stated to us an anecaote of Caleb Cushiug which will bear printing. vears ago, Mr. C. was payiug court to.a weall Baltimors Jady. Baltimore beauties theo showed their charms in the lght of tallow-dips, ga8 being unknown, Thero wero & couple of dips on tho mantelpiece, and, s they much De enuffing, the lady rang a bell for a ecrvant. ! Cusbing, asking why sho rang, wet bis thum and finger, and enuffed the cavdles s [a Yankee. The lady wus horrified nt 3r. Cushing's unars- tocratic style of souffing candles, anl 50 missed A —_— A Table Ornament. 5 The New York Mail says thst st an English breakfast pery st Delmonico's, » fow dsse 350, given in honor of a geatleman on the eve 0! sailing for Earope, tho centre flory o tho table was a full bark-rigged steamer COm- of the sails, which were of white eatin, funnel, which was of red pasteboard, in imita tion of the Canard line. As thedianer urmig‘ ted, a tiny bell sounded on decs, aud a a3 run up to the masthead, mpon which was wsitien ““ Boa Yoyage.” negatived, when Seuor Castolar said that, in cop. * a gold casket filled with English sovercigns aad - —Some envious correspondent in the Westfield : been discagsing whether Bohin's teauslations or- usunlly activo year in the lnmber trade of Flori- - Some forty * ament of | i i ception posed entirely of rosebuda. with the “nn'd o i i i i