Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 9, 1874, Page 2

2 —_— THE CIIICAGRO DAILY TRIBUNIE e e e e Sk e e o el s, B e S R T TFRIDAY, JANUARY b, 1874, WISCONSIN. Bducational Affairs in the State. itato Soporintendent’s Aunual Report of Public Schools, Univorsitics, Col~ leges, and Normal Schools, The Recent Educational Conventiong--~ “The Presidency of the State University. The Reform Stato Officers~--In=- auguration and Appoint- monts. From Our Own Corrcspondent, MA1s0N, Wis,, Jan, 7 18M, The last annual roport of Gen. Samuol Fal- lows, Btato Buperiutondent of Publio Instruc- sion, who, with tha Now Yoar, transfers his res- {dence from this State, and ongagos in & new told of labor a8 Prosident of an Illinols uni- vorsity, is published, and cmbraces a vory com= pleto roview of the educationnl intorests of Wis- sonsin, It makes a pamphlot of 435 pagos, of which 123 aro statistical tables, and includes, besides tho regular roport, a epocial onoon zompuleory education, reports of the Couuty Superintondents, of the Btate Teachors” Associa- tion, of tho literary fvastitutions of the State, publio and private, cte,, ote. Tho following, compared with lnst yenar, is o BUMMARY OF GENENRAL STATISTICS ¢ childron in tho State botwoon 4nud 20,1hat 276,240 aro attonding sohool ¢ out of 100,821 botwoon 4 and 7, thore aro 63,400 nttondinsi out of 209,850 botweon 7 and 15, there aro 108,216 attouding ; out of 100,482 botwoen 16 and 20, thoro aro 64,639 attonding achool. Gratifyingreportaof progioss aro mndo by County Buperintondents. It s urged that evory Lenchior slionld bo required to tonch tho natuial soloncen 3 and n fow puggos- tionp of naodod legislation are made, Butn amall minorlty of County Superintondents wero clocted this fall, COMPUTAORY EDUOATION. An Assombly resolution of 1873 raquested tho Suporintendont to make inquiry as to tho pro- prioty of compulsory attondanco ns o moans of advancing tho causs ot oducation, In reply, an exhaustive roport of some 40 pages ts made, om- bracing facts from United States Commigaionor Eaton's roport bearing on the subject, compul- sory lawa of Stntes whoro such oxist, and tho viows of n numbor of Hohool Suparintendonts and otliors, at homo and ™ abroad ; and Buperin- tondont Fallows conoludes by aying: Ihave como to the conclusion, from o careful In- vostigation of tho whole quoation, ond specially in viow of tho fact thnt 65,441 persons 10 yenrs old and over, in Wisconsin, are unable to write, und nearly 60,000 aro not to bo found in any school from year 1o yoar, . that, whilo tho Inatructional agenclen now omployed slould be doveloped to the highost degreo of oiliciency, the Logislaturo ahiould euact & Inw that every child ‘within the bounds of tho Btato sliall rocelve, in the public schiools or elsawhere, at least tho elefnents of o good common-school educa- on, EDUCATIONAL CONVENTIONA, At tho Conventions of Tonchors and County Superiutondents Leld here Inst wook, attonded by eome 00 of tho former and 26 of tho Intter, thie papois road and disoussions had on oduon- tional toplca woro unusually valuablo, and all pariicipating and listoning felt it was good to b thero, A impetus was givon to tha clovation of the charactor of public schools ; mony prao- tical mothous woro suggested for improving them; groator liarmony betwoen those spo- cinlly ongaged in common schools aud thoso in bigher oducation was promoted ; and much good accomplished in various ways. Tho drift of tolk on compulsory cducation was against it. ‘Tho establislunont of “Oouuty Acadowios, to sorve ag o link botween tho distriot schools and highor scliools, wuas advocated; sud zealous offorts to got toaciers to axtoud fustitutos, and to mako thom valuable, wero favored, A UNIVERSITY UNPLEASANTNESH. Troublo has boon browiug 1 tho Stato Univer- sity for somo timo, in rogard to the head ihore- of. Prosident J. H, Twombly wna called Loro from Mussachusotts somo two sud o half years 0go, aftor a protracted search for the best man fur the Elncu. White it is genorally admitted that o has considorable ability, is an oloquent reachior, and hos many good quulities, and that, Pu lus prosont position, ho has doue as well as ho kuow how, he has, for lack of exccutive ability W, 1, Districts fn tho Statc, not in- cludipg citics, ' 5,103 50 Districts r:poru;d. 4,950 5,13 e L5 \. 40T A%000L e eatiiotning "schoet tricts maintain! ' o o mors mouil s 4OLO 40060 Children over 4 nnd undér 30+ have attended sohool,erseers 200,780 971708 piffevent pyflsvhoiavaaiioni: il i Goic o 84T 14 Ay S ] 151 Days' nity T Pand under 20 years o sgo.... 10004067 1081300 Days® attendauco of ercn! ‘pile durinig o Jear,oo: 10910 20311000 Days that schools huve bee: ‘tanght by qualifld teachera.., B0LODT 787,507 Pupils attending privato schools. 25,020 i Schools with two dnpnrlmn:xlls 213 a7 Baloola with turee or moro de = = 5,881 4,843 s teschors diriug tho Yeur, .o BT 5003 Average monthly wages of malo “teichers iu‘(;x'nytnnmry.‘..' g Average monthly wages of femalo lmr’\fwn in the country, 21.04 a7.62 9320 10000 37.60 70 IROACNLS. 1o vooenresoensise, ABE 4007 Pullic actiool-loures n tio Slato, 4070 Tupils fhioy will acconimodnto.... 312013 3 Sitcs contaiuing lessthun one acro D783 Sites well inclosed., . 1,392 #chool-houses built of gdlonee.. a5t chiool-io ‘good condition. ... g4 2 Highest valuati house and site.. 875,000 $75,000 ‘Vuluatiou of school-housos S,U11,607 8,005,422 Valuation of sites.... 513,089 425,788 Valuation of apparatus . B3 181,520 Expended for bollding nud To- airing, 20806 307,00 Eipended 0,035 10,43 1,352,695 1,417,308 Expeaded for old indobloduces? 10485 gpiaus L: if for furniture, regie- ore, DRl TOEOT s ev e nare q,02 41688 Exponded for il oflier purposes. 211810 210816 Tola] amOUDE expendeder.esn..+ $2,004,164 §2,074,660 EDUCATIONAL FUNDS AND INCOMES. The grosa recoipts and disbursemonts pertain- ing to tho eoveral ecducatiounl funds for the fiscal yoar ending Sept. 80, 1872, were: 1 Disbursementa, 5,70,7 ,130,08 School Fund.... gcl;noll‘?u d Tucome,. niversity Unl\'exullg' wud Tucome, 42,716.88 Agrleultural College Iond 13,660,70 Agricultural Collego Fund Income....e 12,658,835 Normal School Fund, 80,637.61 Normal School Fund Iuc, 71,360.10 Tho apportionment of the School Fund ny portioned in June last on tho returus for the school year onding Ang. 81, 1872, was 181,056, on the basis of 42 conts a scholar,—3 ccnts more than ihe previous year. TUE STATE UNIVEDSITY. Tho cataloguo of this institution, from which .tiol, and othor reasons, failed to give satisfaction to tho Itegents, tho Faculty, and the students, and the former unuuimously, aud the groat majority of the othors, dosire & change, At tho mcoling of tho Bonrd last Juno, attho closo of & year wheu thero had boen consdorable difliculty with the siudents and unplensantnoss botween the Prosident and some of tho Rogonts, tho lattor, with ono consent, expressod tho opinion thut tho intorests of tho institution domauded & chango, and soinformed tho'residont, Attercousidorable tall, to let him down 08 casy a8 possible, it was agrood that ho should r.eign in tho courso of tha year, and leave the fleld clear for another man, It was intondod to keop this seerot, but the fact lenked out, aud thoso who learned what waa going on have buen waiting for something to turn up, BSoms weoks ngo, tuo Prosidont was veminded of his promisoe, aud asked to fix o time, After some delay, ho wrote o lotter to tho Regents, stating that, under tho circumstances, ho did not desito to remain at the head of tho University, aud would resign cither at tho end of the winter term or the yoar, as tho llegents proferred. ‘Thercupon tho Rov. John Bascom, or Willinms College, highly recommonded as au abloaud honest man, wall suited for the post, by Presidont Chadbourne, who had been herean know tho situation, and others, was called to the Presideney, to como when Dr. ‘U'wombly wont, which fact was mada public at the East, and trav- eled westward till it reached hore, and gave riso to many rumors. Of lute petitions huve boen put in circulation asking Dr. Twombly's roten- tion, and ho hus shown u disposition to hold on. ‘Lo Regenta, however, say that their datermina- tion'is unalterablo, and unless President T, con= cludes to yiold to tho inovitable befora the maot- ing of tunflhgnufiu. Jan. 20, thero is likely o bo trouble, phic muy sorloguly disturh tho iiu- TOE NEW ADMINISTRATION, On Monday, the bth, without any spoech-malk- ing or powder, the following State ofiicors, elected by tho Retorm party last fall, were sworn into oflice : Governor—Wiltiam R, Taylor, of Dane, g L{flllulmlI~Gm'¢rnw-—0hurll'l D. Parker, of Bt, roix. Secretary of State—Peter Dogle, of Crawford, atate Treasurer~Ferdiusud Kuebn, of Milwaukes, Attorney-General—A, Scott Bloun, of Dodyu, State Stperintendent—Edward Searicy, of Rock, Commussioner of Tmmigration—\, X, Argand, of Enu Cunire, In tho evoning thoro was was an immenso crowd at u reception in tho Aescmbly-Chamber, whoro Mrs. I'sylor and hor two daughters quiot- ly entered upon thoeir duties, sud bore themselyes well. The following is n list of appointments made up lo this evening in the dopartmont ofices somo of which have boen sent by telegrapl, bul badly porverted : Executive—Lieut, Georgo W, Bird, of Jofferson, Prl- vate Seeretary, vico O, J. Martin ¢ ho Ion, Lliab B, extracts are givon in the roport, shiows that its Faculty ombraces & President, ton Professors, and threo Instructors, six lady-teachors, includ ing the Precoptress of tho Femalo College, includ- ing the threeSupremo Court Justices. The total number of students for tho yoar 1872-'8 aud the fall term of '73-"4 is G41; of whom 144 wero in the College of Arts; 61in the Collego of Lottors (clussical); in the Fomale Colloge, 89; fu col- lege studies mnot regularly classified, 107; preparatory students, 283; Sub-Froshman Class, 47; Low Department, 23, 'The last torm thero wero 408 students in attendance; college studonts, 287; law stu- dents, 235 proparatory and Sub-Freshmen, 93, A lisk of graduates from 1864 up, with the resi- denco as far a8 known of thoso living, is given. This gives 74 graduntes, including 1869, and 31 ludy graduates from mormnal clasges, including 1849; since then 81 graduntos from the Collego of Lotters, 62 from the Collego of Arts, 90 from the Law Department,—a great part of tho latter slso graduates of the University course. Of tho graduates of the full Univorsity, G0 areroeidents af Wisconsin, 80 of Madison; some arc as far away 08 Japan. Undor a law of 1872, graduatos of graded schools passing a satisfactory exam- inalion thereat are admitted to free tuition, of which privilogo 47 studonts, from 18 countios, bave availed thomsclves. OTIER COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES, In eddition to sho Stuto University, the fol- lowing institutions have roported, in compliauce with law: Beloit College, Galesville University, Lawrenco University, Milton College, Racine Collego, and Ripon Colloge, whose statistics are thus summed up : 1872, Total in the Tustitutions reported Acres owned by tho institutions. Cuehs valuo of lond: Cash value of build! Eodowment funds, excey Incomo srom nitio Incomo from otler sonrces, NOBMAL HOHOOLS. ‘Thore aro throo Normal Scliools now in opora- tion, as follows : At Platteville, with 403 stud- onts last yoar, 183 in tho Normul dopartment, and 820 1 all ourolled this fall torm ; at White- water, number of studontenot glven; at Oshkosh, 224 puplls, with au avorago membership of 137 pupils, A fourth bus been located at River Falis, and & buildiug willbe put up this your. Tho fund, derived from the sale of swamp lands, in amplo, and the institutlons have good™ buildings, Fueultios, and facilitios for fnstrue- tion, and ara fucreasing in oficionoy, BUNDRY ITEMH, During tho lnst year, 7,619 teachors' certifi~ entos were grunted, which in 816 more than ¢ ho provious yeur. Of these, 5,203 wore to fomulos, aud sboub 7,000 were of tho lowest of throo grades. Out of 16 applicants for State cer- «tificatos, 4 received tlum for life, 2 for five yonrs, Lhora havebeon 85 ‘Cenchory’ Instituten nf & ¥ gelc hald, and 21 Normnl Inatitites of two to four weeks., Bpeoins bUIBLCS Jequited w0 b collocted show 100 blind childron, 249 deaf, and 877 ldiotlo or fooble-minded ; also, out of 411,162 Dean, of Madison, Superintent vico Bud. A, A, Meredith ; Franels Mansing, of Mad- ison, Btato Librariun, vice Prof, O, M. Couover § Mich- nel mggrb\'e, of Madlsou, Siato Carpenter, vied David 1, Wright, ‘Secreturi/ of State—Jobn 8, Dean, of Madigon, As- wistant Becretary, retafued for ke present ; H. Tullls, of Muilison, Bookkeeper, rotafned ; '8, Gade wallador, of Milwsukee, Printing Olerk, vico Levi Alden ; A, B, Alden, of Portage, Insurance Clerk, vico D, 0, Bobb ; “Thonins MeBean, of Olippowas Yalls, Géneral Clerk, vice Col, Robert Moutoith ; Muj, O, . Kempf, of Milwaukeo, 8 Clerkehip, not asslgned. State Treasurer—Jefl, J, Kuchu, of dilwaukeo, son of the Tressurer, Asslatant. Treasurer, vice Willlam Koleham ; A, Meiiges, of Madison, Bookkeeper, ro- tained, W. D, Carr, of Waupaca, and E. G, Liude- nan, positions not ‘nssigued ; 1ho latter o messengor under Ma), Baelz, Stute Land Ofice—A, W, Potter, Chief.Clerk, vico T. W, Gibbs ; C. of Public Property, of Green Couuty, Foresman, Book- keeper, retaine: ¥, Cram, Pateut Clerk, rotuined ; lllllusmschc. Entry Clerk, retalned; Otto Peemiller and T, J, Cunulnghium, of Madison, Gabriel Erickson, of Ocouomawae, 1. L, Hyde, of Middicton, desks nob yet assigned, Altorney-General—Tho Hon, T. C, Blouan, of Janes ville, brother of the Alloruvy-General, Asslatunt, vice P, L. Spovner, State Superintendent—The Rov, J, B, Pradt, of Madl- Prus. son, Assletant, retatn THE FARMERS’ MOVEMENT. Congressionnl Farmers? Assoclation in the Sevonth Rilinols District, A mags convention of fnrmers, and others whoso Intorests are identifled with them, will be liald at tho Court-House at Morris, Grundy County, on tho 28ih dey of Jauuary, 1874, for the purpoge of organizing & Congreasinnal Trarmors' Association, to co-operata with, and be auxiliary to, the Stute Farmers’ Association, Tho following will bo the order of busiucss, 80 far as praclicable : Thursday, 10 o'clock a, m,, tho meuting will e called to order, Opening prayer by the Rev, Mr, —, Musle by the choir, Appointment of commiltees, and adoption of cone stitution, by-laws, rules, and regulutiony, General lutroductory remurks by €, Snoad upon the object, fmportance, aud_adviuluges to be derivod Ly {hurough organization porution, Adjourament until 4 o'l L i AFTELNOON SESSION~S T, 31, Muste by the chofr, Election of ofiicers, Addiess by B, Furmers' Aesoclaf General dlscusslon. Adjournment until 7 p, m, EVESING NENSION=T P, 21, Completion of unfinishied buniness, Addrosees by the Hon, W, Rundall Musle, Adjourument, Tl objoct of this Associntion will be to assist and labor for tho elevation of the ontire people, and froo thom us onrly us possible from the op- prossions which now reign’ over them to ole- vato tho position of the producers uud Inborers of this country to a higher plane of civilization, and moro In “accordance with tho laws which should govern the universe, Let us, like mon, march to the front, and adopt and executo plang of business upon n basls of justice,—asking uothing more, uccopting nothing loss, Clubs, Uranges, Lubor-Roform Organizations, are cordinlly invited to be presont, In unity and co-oporation will be found ultimate sucooss, OnanLes §N0AD, Vico-Presidont Boventh Congiessiounl Distrioct. —— I, M, Clteaney, who somo time slnes killed a negro named KnoX, at Abingdon, I, was tried aud acquitted by s Fulton Conuty jury Inst wook. Chesney was drunk when ho committed tho homiolde, “Speaiting of this uequittal, the Cane ton Ztegister snys thut, aftor discharging tho do- fondaut, Judge Higboe addrasuad Kirme=1¢ tn tha Juryand romnrkod s @It I8 Your provieee 8B PO Bha law wuu evidenes in cases of this Smith, Socrotary of tho State ‘and others, wasstwvenly Ui your doclsion Js flunl ; but I ro- grot to have to proside at o court whero such | gront injustico Is somotimes douo.” THFE. McMAHONS. Barbara Sues -for a Divorce from Patrick, She Alleges that He Is Drunk and Digorderly. A Witness Testifles to ‘His Slumbers on an Ash-Ileap, Another ‘Says He Drank Every Six or Seven Minutes. Pestimony for the Plaintiff Cone tinued To-Duy. Tho divorco sult of Barbara MoMahon ve, Pat- rick I, McMahon, which has ganed considerablo notorioty from the social prominence of somo of the persons connocted with it, came up for trisl yeatorday, bofore Judge Mooro, in tho Chancery Bido of tie Buperlor- Court. A crowd of pruri- ont vagrants throngod tho court-room from the opening to the closing hour, copsuming the limited supply of air which n wretched systom of ventllation provided, snd occupying tho epace which was Intended for the oflicors of the Court and thoso having legitimate business to attond 0, : TERSONAL. The complainant in tho case, Mra, Barbara McMahon, s the daughtor of Mickinol Diversoy, decensed, who was o man of gront wealth, being o partner in tho Lill Browory, and tho owner of oxtonsive tracts of laud aud numorous buildings in tho North Division. Sho is also the divorced wifo of Orrin J, toge, likewiso decoased, who was a mombor of tho Board of Public Works of this city somoe yoara ago, and subsequontly rep- resented tho Natioual'Government s o Coneul in Europo. Sho obtained a divorco from him whilo he was abaent on the latter misslon, and shortly afterward married Patrick F, McMahon, tho dofendant in the present divorce suit, who waa at that timo engaged in & profitable busi~ noss as o manufacturer of stainod glass, Tho . ovidonco which follows will toll tho story of their married life, which apnears to have boen unusu- ally unhappy. 8ho charges him with cruelty and drunlenness, and ho Lins filod a cross-Dill, alleg- ing adulitery on her part with one Col. Hares, who doos o real estate businoss in Honore Block, To make mattors more complicated, Mrs, Hayes, wifo of the Colonol, has already commonced snit agsinst him for & separato maintenance, alleging adultery with Mra. McMalon a8 hor reason, Of courso, tho vordict of tho jury in the caso on trial will virtually settlo all the suita. Ars, McMahon {8 & handsome and dashing Dblonde, and sho enbances Lor attractions by dressing richly and in the height of fashion, Sho exhibits but little of that wonknoss which womankind iu genoral is supposed to pos- sess. IHer attornoya are Messrs. B, G. Asny and W. L. Hirst, Jr, There is nothing specially propossessing about Mr., McAlzhon's appearance, the more 8o as he re- cently sustained some injuriesin the lLead, and inobliged in consequence to woear bandages on that Indisponsublo portion of his body. Mr. Hugh Cunning is his counsel. Judgoe Doolittle, it Iy said, will also defond Jum, TILE JURORS, Tho following are the names of the jurymen, the majority of whom are young men : W, San- horn, J. Knblogard, A. J, Martin, W. J, Faulk- ner, 8. B, Laugnlin, Ed, C. Bask, Stephen O. Hollend, John Moran, L, A, ‘Thompeon, N, P. Xeyoo, A, J, Hongh, and Willinm W. Bhoraan, . i ©orkNKNG AMGUMENTS. The opening argument fur tho complainant wag mado by ilr, Asay, and was the customary recital of the wifo's woes, ns told by herself, relieved now and then, however, by & spicy anecdoto from the speaker’s choica collection, Mr, Cunuing followed in'a similar strajn, an- cedoto excepted, on Lehnif of tho defoudant, and when ho had concluded tho taking of testi- mony was begun, TIE TESTIMONY, Tho first witness eailed for the complainant was Dr. W. 0. Hunt, who was anxious to got through and atteud to-urgent professional busi- ness clsowhoro, Mo tostifiod that whon ho was the attonding physician_ at tho Iospital of Lho Bistors of Mercy, last Juno, he prescribed for MctIahon, who way then an iumato of the insti- tution and sufforing acutoly from the offects of over-indulgenco in nlcobolic drinks, It wus wit- nesses’ opinion that tho defendant was at thot timo tho victim of excessive drinking, boing af- ticted with extreme norvousness. His stomnch wae too weal to retuin food, and, generally spoaking, his systom was in & very deprossed condition. Witness did not attend to him long, a8 hig ordors wero not oboyed by the pationt, tho Intter becoming intoxicated whilo undergoing treatment, I'rom Mecdalion's remarhs, witness believed that his babits bad been mtemperate for somo timo provious to bLis admission to tho hospital, ‘I'he crogs-oxnmination developed nothing of importanco, aud wus 8 mero matior of foim, RECESS. Tho dinner hour having arrived, the Court ordered an ndjournment untit 2 p, m,, and the assombled lonfers temporarily took up their quarters in tho halls outside, where thoy wero largely reinforced during the hour which intor- vened bofora the reassembling of Court. The Judge took his seut at tho appointed hour, and tho caue was praceeded with, NICHOLAB OLABNER was eworn, Ho tesufied thathe had boen em- ployod by McMahou a4 o glass paintor iu 1872, [edahon was drinking honvily at the timo, and did not attend to his business, Tho shop ap- ared to hnve 1o hoad while ho was thore, 8. McMalion paid the mron off several timos with what witness supposed was hor own money. ‘Tho cross-oxamination deoveloped nothing worthy of uote. DI, TINOTHY R, NEWT was 8worn, Ife testified that MeMahon ealled at his houso on businoss a fow duys bafore the October fira, IIo was very drunk aud abusive, aud witnens folt vory strongly impolled to_ kielt bim out of tho house, 1l had scen McMahon once sinco ou the stroot, and ho appeared to bo the warse for liquor. On cross-oxamination, the Doctor stated Me- Mnlion called at his house to collect rout, ay tho ngent of his wife, OUARLES CANSTERNH was sworn, Ho toutified that ho was employed by MedMahon 6 monthw in 1871, Tho Iatter trept whisky 1 tho shop, and did not attend to busi- noss well, 1To was froquontly drunk, and used yory oftou to stay up stairs over tho shop, Mrs, McMahon sometimos drew money out of tho bank, und paid tho mon, \Vitnoss Weard L o MedMalion onco, whera Lor money was going to, but did not hear the m‘ply. Witnous worked for MeMulion whon his wife wont away, and did not got puid for six weoks thereaftor, Cross-examination was waived. AUQUSTA PETERSON was sworn, Sho testifiod that she worked for the MeMahon's in 1860 and 1870, At fimst sho did not know that they wero married, but in tho b!n'luu of 1870 sho ascortainod that they were, MoMahou began to drink in the spring of 1870, and beenme vory reckless and violent. Ifn used to sty out late at night, and bolafed “mounly toward bis wife. 'The lutter had to lock herueif up once to escapo from him, He was also mean to the seryants, Witness could not lve in tho Liousio with him, becauso ho spoke cross and was tyrannical, On cross-oxamination, witness enid that she never heard Mru, MoMabon spealk orossly to hor lmsband, The lntter froquently entered the houso at night through the window, when the doors woro locked, and all the inmates in bed and asloop, In the redirect oxamination, witnoss stated that MoMahon's bad treatmont of the servauts conssted of speaking hurshly to thow, and call- ing them bad names, OTELIE HEMPLE wus sworn. Bho tostitled that she worked for the MeMnhous in 1873 and 1873, Sue used to luve to purchaxo whisky for MeMahon every dny, He wan frequontly intoxionted and noisy when ho came home, 8ho remembored having #oon lum lying drunk in an ash-hoap in the yar of his houso, in March of lnst yeur, A police- men was ealled, but before ho arrived MoMahon ot away, 10 was slok whou ho lay on the ash- hoap. On another aconsion, whon (hero was & watdinw at {he house, witnesn waw MaMahon witit s taend in his hsnd, uie Dsuswe pu savhes ouod thut puw run uway, Sho honrd thay Mrw. MoMahon paid money for rent and for the ro- puirn of hurnens, On orosy-cxamination, sho enid that she conld ~vious to tha wodding, not toll who dranlc the lquor that she.brought to tho houso. Mra. MoMalhon might havo drank somo of it Bhio knew of Mrs, MoMahon bring- ing cagou of Honnewsy brandy to the house, but could 1ot toll what beenmo of ft, McMalion way opposod to the sorvants employed by his wife, and wanted hor to dischargo them, *Whon sho snw McMahon with tho platol, a Mra, Dodjzo, who was boarding In tho Tiouso, was . gotting mnrried. Witneas did not know that 2fra, Dodgo whe onoo called '+ Bpanish Mary,” MoMahon was not living with bis wifo for somo thne pre- Witness did not Inow that Lo wan expooted at tho housa that night. When McMahon Iay deunk on tho ash-heap, somo of the sorvants atiompted to ratsa him up, a8 ho was smothoring, “but they woro not ablo to, 1la "loat hLis ‘koya at tho timo, and tho ghls found thom in tho nshes. Witnoss could not positively swenr that ho was drunl, but supposed that'a sobor man would not Iny on un neh hioap on hiu faco, and get slok. Blio onco aaw hlm walking on the atroet whon ho wg drunk, Tho firat time Mrs, MoMahon turned hor husband o1f was in August, 1872, On rodircet examinntion, witnoss said sho al- wayn looked upon Mra. MoMalion as tho * hoss " of tho house, - Whon Mra, MolMahon turned hor hueband away, lio was diunk. Bhe told him to 0, and ha said if sbo told him again ho would illl Lor, | Witnosa ouco snw MoMahon lying un- der tho dining-room tablo in the mornlng, aud hoard that ho frequently lay drunk on tho sldas walk, and that bis wife usod to go out to him, sud bog bim to go into the house, LENILY CROUSE wag gworn, To testified that Lo was employed for sovoral weoks by Modalion in 1871, Ho froquently saw MoMahon drunk, and -tho Iattor used to keop whisky in tho shop. Witness was Enld rogularly ouce, but on another occasion ho ad to wait for Lis money saveral wooks, The orcas-oxaminntion revenled nothing be- yond the fact that witness did not think that MoMahon attended Propnrly to his businoss whilo he worked for him, JOUN P. FREANES was sworn, Tl tostified that ho worked for MoMalion in 1871, Ho nevor maw bim abeo- lutoly dennli, but he kept whisky in the shop, and used to' diink overy six or sevon minutes, Modahon never worlted o witness' knowledgo. In tho cross-oxnmination witnoss said that ]Mcan.hou nover attended to his business régu- aly. DR. DODAE was eworn, Ho testitied that ho was not vory woll sequaintod with M. MeMahon, having seon him bue twico, and o was drunk both times, Tho first timo ho met him waa when ho (wit- ness) was about going to tho chiurch to got wnar- ried, McMabion came to Liig wife's houso, where wituoss way stopplug, and wicnees humtd Mrs, Molnbon say, ** Put up that pistol.” Witness did not seo tho pistol. Thero wera two mon in the bouro, ono of whom was Adam Baor, snd thoy helped MoMahon out of the house, ‘T'ho noxt timo wituoss saw Mcdalion ho was powced out to him on BStata strect, aud Lo appenred to Lo under tho influence of liquor. Asa physician, witnoss was of the opimion, from the nappaarauce of the mav; that McMalon was hobituaily intem- poiato. On cross-oxnmination the witness stated that lio and his wife were now remding with Mra. MoMalon, at No. 848 Chicago avenue, Iaer aud tho othor man who was at Mra, Mcdahon's house on the night of the * \\'ndding, wero not of the wedding party, Witnoss did not know that MeMahon had " been sont for that night. Col..Ifares pointod out MeMalion to wit- uexs Wheu Lo saw him tho sozoud timo on Stato streot, The night of the weddiug and tho time ho snw him on Stato strest woro the only two oc- casions when witness mot MoMahon, Ilis gon- eral nppoacauce on thoso occasions couvinced witness that Lo was au habitually intemperato man, ADAM DAER wag sworn, IMo tostificd that ho was at Mra, Bcdlakon’s house on the night of the wedding of Dr, Dodge, and oxplained how ho came to bo there, Whilolie was talking to Mre. McMahou about building & house, McMahon camo to tho door, and Mrs, Mcilahon told him that sho did Dot want him thore, Ho persisted in comiug in, and Mrs, MeMahon eried out, ** For God's sake, don’t kill mo; put up your pistol” Witness interfored, and, after considerablo trouble, he and ayother man got him out on the streot. Iio waa vory drank. Witneas hud soen him vory ofton during “the last two_years, and ho was drunk oftener than sober, Hosaw him last Saturday, and ho was * protty high,” Qn cross-oxamiuation witness stated that ho would dot givo MeMatiouvsnykhing to drink on a cortain ‘occasion bocause bo waa drunk and lind uo monoy. He did not caro about trueting him, drunl or sober, MecMahon did not attompt to shoot wituoss or his companion on the night of Dr. Dodge’s wedding, snd behaved pleasantly enouch uftor he was taken out of the house, MR, E. ¥, RUNYAN wagsworn, o testified that ho was a momber of the law firm of Avory, Runyan & Co. He -has boen acquainted with the Modahons for fiva or six years, Ho froquently saw McMa- bon under tho influeuce of " liquor. e~ fore tho October fire Lo met McMahion nt the latter’s plnce of business, aud ho was under the influouco of liquor, Witnees called thero to sottle somo dificulty botween MeMabion and his wife, relative to tho purchaso of o spnuof horses, which wuw(lnld for by checlks signed by McMohon. Ho found AleMablion lying in a sido-room at his shop in bed, Ho was unk, und bad a Lorse-pistol in his possossion, which Lo throatencd 1o uso on his wifa, an then disposo of himsolf, Witness belioved that Mr. Licb furnished _tho monoy for Mrs, McMalion's trip to Now York last March, Ou cross-oxamination, witnoss snid that MelMahon wanted to remove tho horses somo- where, and, Lis wifo objecting, trouble ensned. 1t wus to ud{upl tho ditliculty that he ecalled on Modnhon, Witness knew nothing about a re- plavin_ suit for household furniture, On tho re-dircct examivation, witnoes ox- plainod how MoMahon .}mrubnscd tho span of lorscs, which cost $1,800, and wers not worth moro tuan 2500, MoMahon sad that Mrs, Mc- Mulion farnished the money, and that it would bo all right. 8ho was known as Diversey for some tima while living with MoMalon, but wit- news discovared that thoy wera aecrotly married about two months boforo the purchase of tho Liorues. PETER J, BIGLER wag sworn. Tle testified that ho had known e« Muhon about three years, In February, 1871, MedMahon drauk o groat deal, Witness fie- quently saw him * protty full,” but noverinn condition _that could Lo called beastly drunk, ~ Ho mot McMalon sevoral timob W 1472, and be appoared to Lo uuder tho influenco of liquor. o used to %\mrml With his wifo now aud then in that year. oforo the firo, Mc)Malion used to frequent a lnger-beor_galoou at the coruorof Chicago ave- nue and Kush streot, and one night, whon drunk, bo got into arow with & man nsmed Bichl, snd was arrestod. Ho acknowledgod bo- foro tho Polica Court that be drew a pi stol ou Bichl, but that o did not iutend to shoot hims: The caso was disniissed by the Justico. Witness romembered Medahon chasing Mra, MeMalion's daughtor by her first husband through the house one evoning, aud supposod that she said some- thing to bim, MedMubon snd his wifo hud somo words in consoquence, but witness could not toll whut was said, 5 T'he cross-oxamination was unimportant, JOIN J. BIOHL waa Bworn, Ilo testified that he had known M- Mahon for two or three yosrs, Ho lada dil- culey with lnm once duting that time, MoMalion appenred to bo under tho Influonce of liquor, uud attacked witness with a rovoiver, It ce- ourred at & lager-ncer saloon, and witness had him nrrested, Tho crosu-oxamination was pointlosy, * ADAM J. WECKLER wag sworn, 1le testifled that bo became so- quainted with MeMalou in 1570, but Lbad no por- sonul knowledge of his bubis for sobriety, ~ Ho met bim ouce in February, 1871, and hoap-~ peared to Lo intoxicated. Witnens supposed no wau intoxicuted, boeando o sobor muan of his (MeMahon's) size would not attack lum as ha bad dong, [Witnoss weighs about 250 pounds.) ‘I'hie total vaiua of {he real and porsonal propor= ty roceived by Mis, MoMahon from her fathor's cstato was nbout §125,000. Sho_ recoived noth- ing from Mr, Rouc's proporty. MoMahon novor owued proporty, ko far as witnoss know, Mis. MeMalion's proporty now was not mara than $20,000, In March, 1878, Mra, MoMubon was vory sick, aud ono night sbout 11 o'elock Mo- Mubon attompted to jot in, but was.not pormit— tod to entor, ~ Ty were not living togother at thiat time, On cross-oxamination, witness stated that the Diyersoy faniily wore on good tevms now, as far a8 ho kuaw, and that thore wero never suy quur- rals botwoon tho memoors, exoept such &8 com- monly oceur smong large famillos. 1lo alwo ospluined ab considorablo length the prosent cundition of tho Divorsoy cstato. At tho conclugion of bis testimony the Court adjournod until 10 o'clock this foreudon, == —Judge Alllson, of tho Jofferson slnd.) Cireult Court, hag doolded thut the appliontion 0f u per- #on for a gormll to soll liquor under tho Baxior Jaw must bo lgned by o majority of thoss who voted at the lust cleotion, Judge Borkshiro, of Riploy, has Leforo givon n similar decision. dudye Allison hna dooided that tho judgment of 1 conviction of a violation of the law in ovidonco of & forfaiture of tho pormit, aud if, after con- Vigtiuw, e saloon-keeper coutinuey’ to sell un- dor tho old pornut, his honse may bo olosad 88 & nulssuee,—Iudianapolis Journg WILLIAMS AND HIPRLE-MITCHELL, A Loud Report from Oregon. . .An Interesting Rccord for n United States Senator, From the Portland Oreaonian, Dee, 23, Because wo anid that unloss tho Ifon, Goorge I, Wilinms could uxrlnlu his_conrsa in connog- Uon with the removal of the District Attornoy for prasceuting tho rlu(w bribors, 0 a8 to show that ho licd no criminal comylliclty with tho ring, Lis appointmout to tho position of Obiof Justica of the United Biates would o n nationnl calami- ty, tho bribor’s organ, tho Bulletin, snys wo have exhibitod foelings of " runcor toward” Attorney- Gonoral Williama. Tho bribers’ organ is utter ly incapablo of undorstandlog now it in possible for oue to placo bis approbation of, or opposition to, nny mon=uro iucounoation with politica, upon any higher ground than personalsplto or rolfish motives. 8o far from entortaining a0y porsonal {ll-feoling toward Attornoy-Gonoial vammn, wo have ul\vnYB held bim i1 tho bighost catoom, Our porsonal relations to lum wero of tng most ploasant character long boforo ho was eloctod Sonator, and linve romnined #o evor since, Throughout all tho opposition he hns maot in this Btate during tho last fow years, wo Luvo alwuys, until now, fusisted thathis con- duct was ‘misreprosontod or Lis inotives mis- covstrued ; and this wo have done notwith- standing wo could not but seo that ho was being made an instiumont in the hands of designing and unserupulous mexi for the accomplishmout of purposes which wo 8o waoll know to e wrong that wo folt suro Willinms would nave spurnod thom, and tho mon who urgod thom, had ho known their roal charactor. o bo apeolilo, wo . folt thus about his courso in tho railway swin- dles that have boen porpotiated upon Orogon, Wo told lr, Williams 80 ; and Lia nover for amo- mont ontertamad a thought, so far.ns wo could iudge. that wo Lad any other than frieudly fool- ugs for lim. It romained for tho bribors” organ to discovor that wo wero actuated by personal Litrod whon wo snid tho Attornoy-Goneral hal conseuted to do fu this bribery business that which wonld stain his character for all the fu- ture, unless ho could so explain his conduct ns to chango tho face of tho mattor vor, materally from what it at prosont scoms. Agaln, divavow- ing tho slightest unfriondly fosling townard Mr. Wililams, wo ngaln say that Lis caso neods ex- planation, and we will neod it to make him in tho oyes of houeat poople what his high position de- mands, Wo shoula say this if ho wero' our brother, and wo shall say it no loas though ho bo contitmod ns Chiof Justico of tho United States, The mastor ot isnuo now is not whore Attornoy~ General Willinma has beon a good man or a bad, an ablo officer or an imbocile, o statesman or o mero politicinn 3 but whethor o certnin definito action which is well deflucd and porfectly com~ prehionded in the community s 1ight or wrong ; oud whetlor, if wrong it is not, from its grave charactor, & causo of alarm, when ho who has commitiod 1t {8 brought forward as o candidate for tho lughest judicial ofice in tho Nation, ' The cuso nceds no glossing over. Unoxplain- edas it now atands,—aud no explanation has boen offered,—Mr, Willinms nttempted to uso his ofli- cinl power to obstruct the administration of jus- tico in Oregon, in order to shicld »numbor of persons who liad violated the laws of the coun- try by briblug voters, aud accepting bribers as votors, to forward the wishes aud purposes of o notoriously corrupt ring of politiciaus, with whom he Las horotofore beon auaixcctud of boiug identified, ‘I'his is all thoro i of it, aa it nppears at present, and a8 we are forced, howsoever un- willingly, to conclude the truth is ; and thoro s i this community, and outsida the little Custom- Houeo Riny of o bakor's dozen, but one opinion iu regard to tho trangaction, 'That opiuion is that 1t 18 & wanton and dangorous abusc of ofli- cial power. Is1b best, is it safo, that aperson who can boled into such an interforence with the administration of the laws of tho country by tha conrts of justice, should be made Chief Jus- tico of thess United Htatos? Leaving every reador to answor this momeutous question for himself, and upon his own conscience, we turn away from this painful brauch of the subjeet. But how camo the Attornoy-General to tako this unfortunato stop ? Tl quostion can only bnlmls)vqrnd coplgsturally ; and yot most of jour intolligent roaders, wlio know fho character of Mr. Wiltiame, and of tho man whoso hand is upon bim, will feol that the conjeoture has in it the real truth. Judge Willinms is o mon of intollec- tuul ability. Ha isa talonted man., But bo is not o man to walk aloue agninst strong prossure. Wo say this in nono but thio kindliost spirit ; and overybody who kuows bim kuows wo sny traly. Thho man who possesses Judge Willlams® confi- donce can get bim to do that which his judp- ment, not thus worked upon, would never point out.us the right thing, Who' itls that hns thug sbused tho friendship of the Attorney-General in this iustance, aud what his motives are for so doing, wo all know. Itis the nnomalous Soun- tor from Orcgon—tha Bonator who answers ut roll-call with an alias. Wa havo soveral titoes called attontion to tho charges Lhat were publicly made rgaiust Sonator Mipple—tho couvontional J, H. Mitchell, of Ore- gon. Soma of theso Ly Lias adiitted in so many words, others ho hns ndmitted by treating tuom with silonco whilo making an osfonsible dofense, Wo hava not kerotoforo montionad theso things oxcopt as statoments mado concorning him and remuining undeuicd. Nor should wo direct nttou- tion to them ngain, were it not clear that tho power bohind the Attorney-General, and which 18 strouger thun tho Attornoy-General, is this samo parson, Wo say now, feeling conscions of tho responsibility wo incur in dowyg so, that tho following clinrges agaiust Mitchell ara true, and wo will prove them in the courts of justico when- ever lie desires Lo call us to tho task, or we will mako thom good Lefore any committes, horeny engaging that every charge shall be substanti- ated, not by mere rumor or common report, but by evidonro such s fills the technical roquire- monts of tho logal rules, Furst—That eaid ipplo seduced & young girl named Sarah Hoou, o playmate of “his from ehildhood, and, after the birth of hor child, was compelled to marry her, : Second—Thnt, after living with her nearly four year g,and becoming father of othor chil- dron by her, e abaudonod her, and fled to the Dacific Const with o woman named Alaria J. Drinkor, with whom he lived as hor husbaud for gomo time in tho State of Californin, Third~That, whila living with his wife, Sarah Hoon, she went to her father's homo almont overy weok and beggod to be allowed to return home, suyiug hor Lutbaud, Johu Hipplo, boat and otherwito maltraated hor to such an extont that Ler lifo was o burden to her. Fourth—That during that time Hipplo was in- dicted by tho Graxd Jury of Butlor County, Pa., where Le resided, for oruelly beating his wifo, and that ac a time whon her conditioa required tho tendercst curo from her husband ; tint he wag put upon trial for that offensa; that his guilt was proved boyond question, and that in a recoss of tho Court tho mattor was sottled be- tweon himself and his wife, and n nollo was on- tarod, ko boing adjudged to'pay tho costs of tho prozeoution, Fifth—1Tnat whon lio ran away from Ponnsyl- vauin, the said John Hipple suppressed his true nnme, and pagsed himeelt under the namo of J 1, Mitchel l,—writing it John Iiram Mlitcholl when Lo deemed himself called upon to write bis nemo in full,—and that hig trio namo was un- known to the people of Orogon whon he wus clected o United Btatos Bonutor. Sixth—That at the timo he ran awsy from Pounsylyania, ho carricd away n Jarge amount of moueys which ho bind collected ns tho attorney of divers of his clionts, - Seventh—"That when ho 'loft Ponnsvlvanuia he was indobted, and iustead of paying up his dobts whon ho mude the monoy with which ho might have dono 8o, ho allowed his paper to stand unpaid, big whoreabouts not Leing known to Lis creditors, till tho summor immedintely procoding Lis olection to tho Bouate, when, foroxooing that in caso of his eloction his iden- tity as the abscondivg Hipple might become known, his brother quiotly wont_and bought in bis papor at w tritlo of its face value, Eighth—1hut when ho cawno to this consat, and within two years after Lis arvival in Oregon,— to-wit, on tho 25th day of Fovruary, 1804,~he married ni‘nuug ludy of Portlaud, ho pussing as J. 1T, Mitehell, Ninth—"Thot ho was not divoroed from his wife whom ho loft in Penuwylvanin till April, 13569, somothing over seven yeurs ufter his mar- riago In Ovegon, ‘I'heso avo tho main foaturos of his caso out- sido of tho political cornptions that have marked his careor in this conntry, and which have mado hig numo a synonym m Lhe populur mind with all that is vieious in political mun- agomont. “Ihero ure n hundred minor mattors which we could mention and provo, but it is hardly noc- ougury ot this time, Wo have mterviewed the deserted wifo, her fathor, her sistor, tho woman Mariu J. Brinker, aud dozous of othors In the unoighborbood from which ho ubsconded ; wa have takon copios of the records touching the caso In tho Easl and in Oregon—we huve, in shiort, sifted the matter to the hotlom, aud wo kuow the ground wa stand upon, We might add other vhinrgos, of no whit less gravity in o motnl sonso, ronohing right down to the thmo of hiadepnrtura for tho East, nttor his eloction, if wo woro willlug to atato that of which wo have not e proof alroady in our hands, But wo forbear, . Bugh i tho man who has decoivod and possi- bly doestroyod Attoruoy-Clonoral Williams, 1lis clinractor accounts for the result his futleonocs over tha Attornay-Gonoral has produsad, Thas he ia a bold and skilitul political advonturor fn true, That overy man who hus boen Intimately conuootod with him in polities lns suffore’} In reputation, is oqually truo, o kinow that WII- iama hns allowad himself to listen to Hipplo, nlins Mitoliell, {4 to kiow why Willinms hins dono that of which his old scquaintancos ia Orogon lavo beeun loath to beliovo him capablo. CANALS AND RAILROADS. Viewns of Gov. Dix, of Now York, The following aro oxtracts from the messaga of :}og. Dix, of Now York, deliverod on the Gth sk, o CANALS, ])ur(ngf tho laat yoor the publio attontion and intorcsl invo beon earnestly givon to tho sub- {uut of chieaponing transportation botweon tho Wost and tho Aclautic coast by, the improvoment of our natural and artificial watorways, ‘Lhero 8 no economtcal question which con cerug the paoplo of this Stato moro deoply, The moat Important nspect under which it can bo viowad, I8 that of enabling. thom to prooure ab lower pricos the supplios thoy roquire for their own cunsumption, and to obtain® higher prices for articles thoy produce by onnbling thom to reach the poluts of oxohango at o dimiuishod tata of trausportation, ‘This s tho local viow, and tho one in whicl tho groat body of our poople havo primary intoress. To the peoplo of {hu Wost, and aspooinlly the geain-producing - dis. tricts, this 18 tho solo viow undor which the tion 18 rogarded, with much intorest. Thoy wish through choaper transportation to sl their owa products at botter pricos, and obtain at lower pricoa tho atticlos they tako in oxohango. There ia another ‘aspoct of comparativoly trifling importance to'the West, but of tho groat. ©est consaquonco to us. It mattors little to them by what channols they reach the markes for thoir products. Dut it is vital to tho commor- ctal ascondoucy of tho City of New Yorl, and to tho continuod succoss of our canal systom, which has cost us so much, and which cou- tributos so largely to our prosperity, that the communication - Dotwoon tho 'two wcotions should not be lessened by tho diversion into other channels -of produocls seeking foreign markots, It is not probable that any compoting wator commuuication can over interforo with ns matorinlly, unless it be by the river St, Law- ronco, wlich is reachod by means of two short cauals bolow all obstracilons, thus affording n Now York nro in railrond stooks and bondsg nud tho enormous speculations of which thoy furnishod the matorial, have contributed largely to the dorangomont of tho logitimata busitoss of the country, T'he practico by banks, which hns to soms oxtent provailed, of cerlifying chaeks to he gaod when Lhoro wore no_ doposita to meot Mrem, hns aggravated tha evil by givin to partionur individunls an almost unlimito cradit, to bo used in stogk grmbling. This prac- tico should bo arrosted by making & o ponnl offonso for any oficer of n bank to cortifya check unless tho drawor of tho chook hias a silll clont doposit In tho bauk to pay ft. Under formorstatutes framed to roatraln stock Jobulug, contrac!s to soll or trausfor nt a future day, ovidencas of'dobt or stocks, nal in poskcs- slon of tho pmty so contincting ol the -timo of tlio contract. wero declarad to boabhaohitely vold. ‘Phego provisious of law woro ropealed in 1359, If thioy wora rovivod, a3 I3 beon sugrestod, thoy wonld probably ho so gouerally evaded as t3 bo moporative. fiut it 18 worthy'of consideration whgthnr thoy might not bo succeasfully nppliod to the traflicin gold, which has led to specitla~ tious of tha most poruicious chnrncter, and which may be a sourca of sotfous embarrazsmont if the TFoderal Government shall ddopt measuxos to re- sumo apecio paymonts, THE TRANSPORTATION QUESTION, A -Bill Xegalating Passonger nnd Erolght Chargos by Raudroads Agreed to by the House Gommitteo on iail ways and Conaly. Washinglon (Jan, 6) Tl)ilnnlth to the New Yorl rioun oune, Thoe Houso Committaaon Rallways and Canals, ‘Mr. McOrary of Iows, Chnirmau, ling been har b work during the recess upon the various feae tures of the transportation yuestion submitted to it by tho House, o-dny 1t ngroed upon & bill, whicl is tho first rosponso from n standing committeo of tho Houso of Reprosontatives to tho domnuda of tho farmors, ~ T'ho bill provides a8 follows ¢ Boc, 1 declareg that onch and o\'ofly llno o railrond in tho Union shull be rogarded as em: |fl%yed in commorce among tho sovoral Siates, oc. 2 provides tbat no such compsoy, cors poration, or person of emnr:;; a }iuo of railrond 8anll chiargo, collect, demuud, or receivo moro thau o fur or reasonablo rate of toll or compens sation for tho transportation of passongers or froight, (o bo fixed s horemaltor provided, Corporations or persons violating the law shall bo lield linklo -for oxtortion. : -Bec, 3 provides for the nppointment b'y the Prosidont, bv and with tho consend of the & Board of Raflvoad Commissionors, Sonate, of ouo to bo chioson from onch of tha Judicial Crr- chicap and speady conucetion with tho ports of Lnko Michigan. * Thoso two cauals will' proba- g‘l!y bo enlurged within o ‘fow yoars, 8o as to mit of tho passago of vessols cartying oargoes of 1,600 tous, at n lower cost of trausportation than wo can nfford, unloss our canal-luoks can bo eo lougthonod as to poss boats of groator capacity, or unless tho cost of cnr:flng caa bo reducod by using steam asa motivo power, and lumouiui: tho timo now ro- quired for trausit from tho Inkos to tide wator, 1n ouc respect the routo to the ocosn by tha St, Lawrouce will always contond at a disadvaningo with outs. ‘I'he port of New York Is opon at all seasons. The ports in .tho 8t Lawreuce aro closad during six months of tho yoar, and during thoss muonths Quobec aud Montreal can only reach the ocean by soveral hundred miles of rail- rond, 1f all tha looks on tha Erio Canal were doubled, a8 thoy will bo shortly, aud the prism were made to couform to the prescribed dimunsions, its capnclty would, no doubt, ba sufiiciont to por- form all the sorvices required of it for sovoral years to como; and when to this increased coapacity tho application of ateam, s motive power, shall be added, its ability to maintain a successful competition with other routes cinnot well bo questioned. I'ho experimonts with stoam slroady mado, under tho liboral inducement offored by the Stato, thougl: not ‘ontirely satin-- factory, laavo littls doubt that thoy will be so at no distant poriod of time, WVhen tho canal debt is paid, or the paymont #coured by the scoumulation of proporly-invost- od sinking funds, which sball equal in umount the bouds outstandiag, the tolls can bo again ro- duced aud tho cost of trausportation bo furthor diminisbed. Tho_expediouqy of conatructing a 5hi13 canal fo unito tho waters of the tludson aug, Lake Lrie haa recontly %'“’g_qkln 03t ermraly dingantons At _the present”timo, with leavy burdens of taxation ou the peoplo of the 8tato, in the pro- vailing docangoous of. busincas, and whon v should oconomizo our means by every prastica. ble measure of retreuchuent, it would bo idlo to take any ateps toward tho initiation of aun en- torpriso of such magnitude, snd likely to in- volve au cnormous exponditure. Bhould it bo practicablo at any futuro day to undertako it, I trust it may bo with our own means aud with- out tho embarrassmont of a _copartnership with« tho Fedoral Govelnment. Suoh a co-operation wns suggested whon tho Erie Canal was pro- Jected; ‘but it wus, in full considoration, ro- nounced, with the daclaration on tho part of the Lxecutivo of tho Stato that our resources woro fully adequate to the accomplishment of tho work ** without extrancons aid.” In the moau tie, with our canals fully *com- pleted for tho transportation of bulky srficles, and with our great railrond linos for thoss which aro of lighter weight nnd moro casily baadled, there need bo uo fear that weshall be the suffer ors from tho participation of our neighbora in tho businoss of carrying. DAILIOAD COMPANIES. i The Imm;;m managemeut of somo of our railrond compunics, and the losses rasulting {from 1t to those who havo contributed to their coustruction, calls for soma oflicient moasures of correction. I'ho wmcalculuble valuo of these improvemonts is univorsally concoded, They are Xudiflrununhlu to the public convenience ; they ounble us to cross tho continent in less time than was required to go from Now Yorlk to Buffalo half a contury ago: and thoy bring to our door Emdllutn of tho States aud Torritories west of tho Mississippi, which would otborwisa nover bavo roached us, ‘'hey ought not by our logislation bo_rondered unable to porform the valugble servicos thoy ‘are rendering in bring- ing distont - portions of our widely ox- touded country, into virtual contsct, and in advancing our prosperity and growth with a rapidity hithorto unknown. But it is our duty to protoct our towns and our oitizens, who have aidod in thoir coustruction, against tho roclkloss and unscrupulous acts of the Directors, by whom thoy sre mannged, Immenso associutions for railrond purposoy, wielding hundrods of millions of dollacs, huve grown up within the last fifty venis; aud whenever groat wealth is accumu- Intod fn new formw, wo 1must expect it to bo i vaded through now forms of depredations, We navo not kent paco with the progross of the crimes which the aggregation ol capital hus pro- duced, by olmuiin? suicable laws for their ro- pression and punishment, ‘heapplication of tha Tunds bolonging to railroad companics to objects otaer than thoso for which they were incorpo- rated, and tho use of these funds in any manner by tho maungers for rlivnts profit, should Lo made eritAos punishable by imprisonmont. It 1s & 1eproach to our crimibal jurispiudenco that thers aro hundreds of malofuctors in our State Prisons undergoing sentonco for stonling sums under 360, whilo Lhore nre othors at largo who liave by fraudulent coutrivancos for their own benefit, sacrificad the property of confidin sharohalders, many of whom aro women an childron, to the amount of hundrods of thou- sauds of dollars, aud are living w luxury on tho proceods of thewo enormous fircon Our statutes in regard to the embozzlemont of monoys and breaches of truet, aro excecid- ingly dofective in rospect to tho nots aud por- sOLM ombraced in thom, the dofinition of the orimes, und tho dogreo of the punishmont award-d to them. Publiooflicers and sorvants aro not. ombraced in tho statute of embezzle- mous ¢ and it is doubtful whether it covors tho acts of the oflicors aud sorvants of publio corporations, while the statute in regard' to brenchies of truet reachos only the uets of pub- lio ofticers, and provides for aggravated cases the inadequate punishmont of ~imprisonmont fora your in the County Jail and a fine of $250, 'I'hore is nothing moie glariug in the daily oxhi- bitlon of crimg than the abuso ‘of flduclary trusts, Littlo is noedod now on tho seoro of flem and unsparing administration of Juatico ; but thore will be no securisy against cho bad faith of Trustees, employos of the Stato, and man- agors and Dircetors of oorporations, publio ard private, until the convorson to their own uso of tho moneys confided to them, or the diversion of suol ionoys from thelr proper objocts 18 more neverely punishod, Among thoso who bave suffored by the frandu. lony or improvidont manngemont of railrond compuuled, ar6 the inhabitants of many towas, which havo boon induced to subscriba to the capital stook, and have jssued their onrporato bonds to pay for it. 'Thesa unhuorififlnuu will in all probubility, in some Instances be n total loss, which must bo made up in nssosys mouts on tho property of tho poopls of the towns from which thoy wora prooured, ‘I'io bonds already issued by authorlty of the Leg- isluture aro no doubt valld, Bt it scoms to mo to bo due to the iulubitauts of our towus, who aro solicited, and oftou succosstully, to subseribe to tho atock of theso companios by sanguine or cutts of tho United Statos. Buch Comwigsion- ors nro prohibited from belng iuterestod in any mauuer in the stock or proporty of nny transpor- tution company. Sco. 4 flxos componsntion for such Coms miselonors at $4,000 cach por anoum, with noces- sary travoling expenses, 8oc. b, which comprises tho main foaturcs of tha bill, i as follows ¢ Bro, 6, 8ald Board of Railroad Commissioncrs shal Institute n thorough investigation und fne ukry jnto tLe raten of toll and compeneation clurged ?ur fransporis iug frelght and passcugers over all uch Nues of e Toud us ro horesn described and deaignated, and inte tho reasonabicucss thorcof ; and shall, 03 soon 03 prac- tleablo, afser such iuvestigations and 'nquiry, prepare for thio owners or operators of much Lines, oxcopt such 8 may bo omitted, as horelnafter provided, » schedule of reisonublo miximum rates of charges for the transportation of passcngors and {relght oud cars op or over sald lnes ; safd schodule shall bo duly au- thenticated by wald Lonrd of Commissioacrs, aud shall bo printed aud kept posted up fn cach of the offices and dopota of uch raflroud company, corporne tion, or person, Such Commizsioner siall certify under his liaud a printed or writton copy of evers sctiodule, and of every mmendincut to or roviston of ony schiodule affveung any lius of railroad oxtonding into bis circuft, and cnuso tho same 10 Uo filo i tho ofics of 'the Clerk of tho Cireull Court for his circuit as eoon as possible after the come pletion of such echedule, or of such amendnient or o Vialon, aud_such omeial copy, wien o filed, shall be roceived and hiold u ai) courts'ua couclusive ‘ovidence of ki seliedules, whether original, monded, or ro- vired, and all tuiigs tlieroln contained ; and coples of the same, duly certitied from esfd Clrenit Olerk's ollice, slall be recelved und read as ovideuce fo uny triul i any court, to the saine extent as the orlginal on filo, and from and after the dliug of such original, smouda od, or rovisod schodules in tho Clerl’s oitice, the rafl. roid company and all others Intorested therein sball bo deemed atfocted by tho notice thercof and of tha conteats of tho same, ~Tor tho purpose of prosecuting any Investigation under this act, snd for ihe purpose of aacertuluing aud fixing snch 'reasonable maximum adminlster oithy, to tako testimony of withosscs, to gend for persons and {’mpox‘n, and to requiro the pro= ductlon beforo theu of bovkn, kecords, aud poyers, ind for {his purposo thoy may'lsauo o process, which sbull Lesorved by any Marelal or Deputy slarahal of tho Unitod Slalce, and in caso any person_sume moned {o appear a8 o witnoss beforo said Board, sball wait or refuso to appear, or any person required by eoid Board to prodiica before themn' any bookh, pa- pers, or records iu hin possoasion,shull walt or refisate produce the same, it sl bo thoduty of the Doard forth. with to roport thie facts to tho nearest Judgoof o Dis. triot or Olrcult Gourt of the United States, .who sball Lioar the matter summarily, whether in term, time, or ‘vacation, and shall make such order in tho promises 83 may e deeined proper, to compel such persons te appoar befora said Doara’ aud suswer all tho prope questions ahd produce all the proper Looks or records 411 Lils possessiun, require] by safd Baard to be by him produced, aud wiilch, i the’ judgment of the Court, uro proper evidenco (o bo cosidored by sald Board, and fald Judgo mny onforco bis ordurs and punish disobedience thietoto, as in casea of contempt, Suld Commissionera mny, from timo to time, aud so often 18 clecumstaneo may requiro, chiaugo and roviso sald acliedulos, nnd shall give notlto of such chauges ar re. vlslona {n'thio aume mauner as horointofore. provided, The scliedules aforesaid sliall not bo docmed fuvalid on account of auy fuilure of tho Commiseloncrs propare Ing tho samo 10 concludo thoton all nud_every nrticlo or clues of freight, but shall bo hold to bo good and valid us to all articles or classes vhich aro, hicluded or cmbraced thergln ; but it shall bo the duty of such Gommissioncrs whonover Jt_come to their knowledgo that any articlo or cluss of freight has been omitted from any such echedule, (o smend thio enmo as soon as practicablo by adding any such omitted articles or cluss: providod, that if sild Board of Haflroad Coute missloners ahall, aftor inquiry and fuvestigation, hoof the opinfon that'tho chargo of tny one of tho lilca of able, thoy may omit to preparo a echodule for sich Ting, but sueh omission shull only contnuo &0 long as tho churges on such Lino sball coiutinus to be fair und reasouable, :The remainder of the bill provides for tho ma- chinery by which the provizons of Sce. 5 shall be enrried out, prescribes penaltics, ‘{flncua of moeting, appointment of a Secrotary, Se. GENERAL NEWS ITEMS. Ono_doalor in Parfbautt, Minn., lins shipped about fifty tous of butter to the Bustein mursels tho pust season. & 5 —aA muskrat got itito the trout-pond of Mr, Tnesell, ac Goneva Lako, Wis., the othor day, aud killed all but threc of the tish, - “—Tho namo of that Ym’tlon of tho Dea Joines Valloy Road botween Keokuk and Des Moines I‘.l‘n:lheon changed to ibo Keokul & Dos Moines uilway, —The Lapoito Ilerald estimates tho cost of liguor consumod in that cily st $230,000 aunu- ally, That would build factories euough ta unearly double its population, —Duer must be plenty in Cherokes County, Towa, 'Tho Leader says'J. K, Rico returncd Insi weolt.from a Luating oxpedition of o fow doys® duration with ninetcen acer. " —Corro. Gordo County, Town., is becoming famous for cattlo. ‘I'wo large farms axo now do- voted to raising thoroughbred cattle, and many Ellll'mqrfl are raising tho short-horn brood of cat~ o, —The epizootic has made ita reappenrance in Mowor Couuty, Iowa, Mr. Trowbridgo, of Lylo, hus fost two horeos,.and o noighbor of his ono horse, It is roported that thore are soveral other casos in tho sumoe vielnity. —A lioran, stolon iu un adjoining county, was found tiod in the brush noar Polk City, Lows, Now Yoar's ove, A watch was got for tho thief, who eoon came to feod it. 1o was ursued, and, in attempting to oross tho rivor, foll into on airs hole, and it i8 not kuown whothor lie was drawn- od or uot, 5 —Tha Stato Auditor of Minaosota is still two countios short In making up his anuual report, His tizuros alrondy roceived show that the Loful tnxablo proporty of tho Siate amounts to {112« 000,000 an jucrouso of &10,000,000 over Inut ‘:mr'd This iuu{;zm-{o, Y lrt mast lmlhorno in mhgl. made up entirely ‘of porsonal projerty.—St. Laul Pioncer, S Lo —A clerk dnlni: businoss for Coleman in storo at Grand Mendow, Minn,, has boeu arrest- od for embozzlomont to tho amount of 3,000, 1t 12 enid that 81,600 of this las since beon 1e- oovered.—Frecborn County Standard, —Maossra, Goo, Worthmgton, William F. " cek, Col. Lucion Maigh, aud Rufus Clinney, c.izona of Milwaukoo, have purchased 1,5" ) acres of Innd at Wapoton, in"tho Shoyonno Valloy, 60 milea west of Fargo, agreeing to cultivate ono. third next sonson, ‘Ihoy liave riwo continciad for 20,000 nores additionnl, aud intond workiug upa col&m{ {uterost next season, —A vast number of fish are boing caught thig wintor ont of tho Mislssippi River, noar Dubuquo. Ouoman caurht 250 pounds with a hook Now Yoar's Day. Anotlier man captured 6,000 ponnds at ono Laul of the eeino near Lane sing, A carload of flah woro brought to Du« buque on Now Yeat’s Day, —I¢i8 roportod that tho Oniro, Toxns & Ar- knusns Railroad Company lave purchused tha right of way to, and considorable ground at, Bird's Poiut, aud that it s the purposo of the Company to at onco oxtond their road fo tha oxaggorated rnflmmnlutiann as to their produc- tivonoss, that all laws authorizing such subsorip- tions shonld bo ropealod. It i ostimatod that at loast 75 per cont of all tho operatlons of tho atook boards in tho Qity of point, 1t is also sald that the ferry-boat Turos Htntes will bo ougagod to transfor freight and passengora botweon this city and tho terminwy of the above-named rond, 'Fho ontire work il e:pooted to be completod in thirty daya. tus of chargos, saide Board shail dnvo the power to -+ Tailroad deseribod herein are alreddy fair Snnkl reasons