Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 15, 1873, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, TERME OF SUNGCRIPTION (1 . g Datly, by 200 ) % Bl R it Parts o a yearnt tho samo rato, ‘To proront doluy and miataxos, bo suro and give Post 0 cenddiess In (ull, Inclnding Stato aud Connty, Reniittancos mny bo made cither by dentt, oxpross, Post ©Oflice order, or tn 1eglstorod loite v, at one risks TENMB TO CITY BUNSORINERS, Dafly, dolivored, Sundny excopled, % conte per waok, Dally, aelivored, Buuday includod, M0 conts por waok. Addron TIHK TRIBUNIE COMPANY, Coruor Madison and Dearbar Chieago, Lk AULE 1Y ADVARCP), B2.50 200 TO'DAY'S AMUSEMENTS, TIOOLRY'S THEATP £—Randolnl stroot, hotween Jark and ' LaBsllo, Wrand Knglish Opora-Troupe. * Trovatore, pALYICKETS AT Madison, stzoat, botwren orn o, L7, »r Bolnt Lynio Ligatn - Eosomeut of Lota n ACADEMY OF MUSIO~Halsted stroat, botween Mait- Jaan und Mlyiroo, ~ Engazemont of tho Lydy BurloauoFroupo. ** fiuo eard ™ wud *Xuo 9 GLORT THEATRE~Desplalucs atroot, botwoon Mad- tson’ annt” Wasiingiou, ugagemiont of Mariua Xurok. *Ligutatog tob.’ MYRRS' OPERA-HOUSE Mngan stroot, betwoon Dauruonic ana nte, Vaelesqiio of -+ Dovis of the i tovctusam, ™ Minaisoley aid vontioalivies, GROW'S OPERA 1. ttreot, John al. Lowis L1—No., &7 Wast Madison ‘Tas Wiscousin Lillput,* DR, KAHN'G M UM, steaoty betwes Aad 07 ANATOMY-Olark o The Chicags Tiibune, Monday Morning, Decombor 15, 1873. Several Democrutic members of the California Legislaturo now express the opion that Gov, Booth will be electod to the United States Sen- ste. Tho eloction occura to-morrow, and tho tumidity shown by both Demoerats and Ropubli~ rang in bringing forward opposing candidates e02ms to warrant the prediction of Gov. Booth's success. The statoment is now mado that tho Atlantio & Yacifie will join tho Texas & Pacific aad the Northern Paelfic Reilrond Cuwnpanies: fn thelr raid npon Congress to sacuro the ;:\Ernmnn of their bonds. Alroady nows bogins to como of tho formation and personnel of the lobby. Tho smount of bonda for which a guarantoee will bo askod will not, it is eaid, fall short of $200,000,000+ Spain socmns to have got itsolf into o serious complieation with the German Empire. Tho orow of ono of tho German vessels soized in the Sooloo Archipelago by o Spanish man-of-war wara imprisoned for two months, and harshly teated by the Spanish authorities. It i ru- wered that Gormany will demand eatisfuction which may induce tho Spaniards to turn somo of their superfluous ragoe from Ameorica to Uermany. Whila tho Secrotary of the Trensury is calling for an incrense of taxos to meot tho doficit 1n the ravonues, it is doliborately proposed in tho Sen- ate to add a cool million to the $4,000,000 extra appropriation for the navy passed by the House ou Fiiday last. Even Mr, Robeson asked for the additional million only in case of war. Whom tro no to fight on tha seas, now that Spain has seded ll our demands ? It is announced that the Virginius will bo surs rendered (o tho Amoricans at the port of DBahia- H. nda to-morrow, where she has already beon sakon, The susvivore of her crew will be deliv- sred at the same time and place. The Spanish officials in Cuba must now feel o groater assur- aeo of their power in the ixlavd than they did a lew wecks ago, eiuce it has Leon decided to court- martial the ringleaders of the demonstration mado at [aaua agninst tho surrender. The people of Pittsburgh havo taken steps to protect thomsolves against official misuppropria- tions by appoluting, at a public meetiug, o Com~ mitteo of Forty to wateh the puvlic interests. Asido from this gonoral measure, the samomoot- ing called upon the entire Board of Water Com- wissionors to resign, on account of tho misap- propriation of their bonds, which were deposited with the National Trust Company whilo it wasin v falling condition, and demand u suit for the rocovery of the money. They afso demand that ‘ho Londs of the devouitories whera the city noney is loft shail bo increasod from §300,000 to 2,040,000, Two separato injunctions have been issued in Logan County of this Btate, one at the instance if tue Town of Oran, and the otber at that of Weat Lincoln, temporarily restraining the Fown Collectors from levying a tax for tho syment of intercst on the bonds issued by Jiose townships to the Indinnapolis, Blooming- ion & Western Railroad. The smount of sonds irsued by Oran Pownship was £25,000. Though the injunction is only temporary and she procoeding « preliminary one, it opons o judicinl Juvostigation into the affairsof the road, which will probably bo ns soarching fas bLat in the case of the Gilman, Clinton & Ipringfield Rood, It I8 safo to aesume that sthes towns and counties \all resort {o imilar proceedinge in relation to athor roads. And now tho Carlinville Democrat Is beginning o understand the practical working of tho re- ent incrense in tho State assossment for tho senefit o the holders of the railrond-nid bonde. Macoupiu County has no railrond-nid dobt ; Sau- samou County has a large one. Tho tax on Ma- roupin County gces into the State Treasory; hree-fifths of {he Stato tax on Saugamon Coun- 3 18 paid over to tlic bondholdors, Tho dotlcit 1 tho Btato Trensury hus to be mado good by an nerensed tax on Mucoupin and other counties, he Democrat has figured up that the extra tax evied for this purpose ou Macoupin County is 114,000 aunually, which that paper corrcetly Aates Macoupin will have to ralse “to pay the sonds givon by Saugamon and olher counties Lo wvindling raflroad corporations,” Wo propose shoitly to publish o table showing tho amount which each county In the State will Lave to con- sributo to pay other peoplo's debts, The Chicago produce markets wero very fr- egular on Suturday, with u falr nggrogato of ales, but most of them speenlative, Mews pork a8 in fair demand, and advanced 87)go per bil, »ut cloeed tume at 814.05@14.70 cash, nud $10,~ 061626 soller Fobruary, Luid waas setive, and S por 100 W nighor, closiug at 8,46@8.60 sael, and §8.80 ecller Fobruary, Mleats woro nore active and o shado flrmer, at Bjgo for houldors, 03{@03¢e for short ribe, 7o for short Jdear, all boxed, und BY@0igo for eweel pickled wms, Highwings wero mactive, but 20 highor, vith 91c Ind per gablon, Drossed hogs wore nove selive aud firmer, closlug ot §5.70@0.50 por 109 (tu, Flour was quict und unchanged, v, ©5.60@ 5,70 for good spring ox(rad. Wheal win tous uctive, und somewhat fciner, clowng v BL.16 cunh, and $1.17% weller Junaury, Con sma saa3 aolive and finner, closing at Odo cash, and 641¢o scllor Janunry, Onte wora loss active and weak, closing fiemor at 80c cnsh, and 89}o sellor January, Ryo wag quiet and 1 lowor, ot T8@70c. Barley was quict nud steady, closing al §1,40 for No. 2, ond $1.08 for No. 8, Live hogs woro active and higher, closing firm at Y4.70@0.16. The cattlo aud sheep markots wore dull and without quotable change. —— The platform of tho Iowa Btato Grange, as ro- ported by the Committeo on Resolutions, differs vory matoxlally from that recently adopted by tho Btate Grangos of Illinols, In that it s con- fined almost oaclusively to the educational in- fluences of tho organization, and leaves publio nnd politioal questions for consideration aud digcussion elsmwhoro, Tho resolutions recom- mend tho establishmont of a cireulaling library for every subordinato Grange, and that a newapaper be published undor the suapices of tho Grango, haviug three leading dopartmonts,— ono for adult males, ono for ndult fomnles, and oune for the youuger mombors of tho family, It ia also recommonded that tho education of the farmers' children bo moro practical, giving rpecinl attention to thoso branches portalning to agriculture and horticulture, such as agricultural chamistry, botany, natural philosophy. ete, To this ond the Grango pledges itsolf to securo n modifieation of tho reliool lnws that will bring about tho dosired roform. A full account will be found clsewhere of the consecration at Christ Clurelh of the Itk Rov. Chuarles Edward Chonoy, now Aseoclate Bishop ot the Roformed Eplscopal Church, The core- mony, which differs in somn esgentinis from thnt of the regular Episcopal Churcl, was porformed by Bishop Cummins, and the chureh was not largo onough to hold all the people who desired to aspist at it, ‘Cho mattor suggests tho likeli- hood of another caso of church soparation, fndi- cated in the dispatches from Drooklyn, N. Y. ‘The Chureh of tho Pilgrims (Dr. Storrs) aud tho Clinton Avenuo Cougregational Climreh (Dr. Buddington) havo coudemned the Plymouth Church resolutions, introduced by Mr. Boecher, declning immunity for his ehureh from all other church discipline save what his own congrega- tion wish to enforco. It looks as though Mr. Beecher will be forced to formally declare his soparation from the Congregational Church. As o mattor of tact, ho, if not his congrogation, bLas long Leld an independent position, —_— Tho doath of Judgo Sami~* Nelson, until re- cently an Associate Justice of tho Uniiod Btates Suprome Court, tiough sudden, was not unox- pectod. Ile was born in Now York Stalo in 1792, aud was, thoreforo, ovor 80 years of ngo ot tho timo of Lis death. ITo was nppoiuted to tho Su- premo Bench by President Tyler, i 1845, and served nearly tweuty-seven years, and has thus joined in many of the most important snd fa- mous decisions made by that tribunal. Dis wholo life was one of rigid application. Ho was graduated ot Aliddlebury College, Vermont, when 19 years old, commenced the study of law immediately, and afterwards dovoted himself to bhis profession in Courtland County, New York, Iis first appearanco in public hfe was ns & Prosidential RElector in 1820, aod, tho samo year, he wns appointed Postmns- ter of Coutland Village, He was firat chosen to the Bonch in 1823, and, from that tima to the day of his retiremoent, Lo oceupied judicial position, He was eight years Judge of the Circuit Court, six years Judge of the Supromo Court of Lin State, eight years Chief-Justice ot tho same Court, and, while aceupying that poei- tion in 1837, was appointed to the Umited Statos Buapreme Bench. He was rotired at his own re- quest about o yeor ago, under the luw author- iziug rotirement aftor a cortain term of servico, and his place was filled by the appointment of Judge Ward Hunt. —— The disclosuro published elsewhero rogarding tho defaleation of the City Treasurer, Mr. Davil A. Gago, amply justifios all the charges brought againgt Lim by his opponents in the recent city election. Italso justifies a chango in the City Governmont, 1Iaving supported Mr, Gago in good fath, and Laving disbelioved the charges vroforred againet him until a fow days ago,whon wo loarned tho real lucts from ouno of hia bonds- mon, we are now frec to acknowledgo that the Poople’s Party wero right from the beginving, 80 far a8 they made thoir campaign ou the demaud that the city mon- eys bo counted. Mr. QGago is a .dofanlter. A manful aceoptance of all the consequences of his aota is tho bost way out of his prosent difii- culties. Wo behiove that ho hus suflicient prop- orty to pay everything bo owes to the city in time, Certainly that, added to the socurity of his official boud, {8 sufticient. Meanwhile he bagplaced the City Government in grave em- barragsments. T'ho somi-annunl interest on the city debt, smountiug to some §460,000, falls duo withiu fiftcon days, eud must be mot at all bhaz- ards end at whatover cost. Suit must beonterod upon Mr, Gago's boud, aud this will probably lead to a full disclosuro of the use made of tho missing funds, It is oot necossary to say sny- thing to add to thoe puiu and mortifieation whicl this disclosure has brought upon M. Gage and all his friends. Thoy must accept tho facts as they are, and abide the conrequencos. THE PROPOSED INGREASE OF TAXATION, Tho President nnd Secrotary ot the Treasury on the one hand, and tho 1louse Committee of Ways and AMeans on tho other, seam to have get intoa suarl upou the polioy of incressing tuxation :0 meet the exponditures of the Government. I'he Committee of Ways and Moans are of tho opinion—which is shared by the coaulry at {urge—that ctho falling off in recoipts of revenuo should be met by o reduction of public expend- itures rathor thou by incroased taxation, Tho Presidont und the Becretary of tho 'froasury, it s uaid, dosiva to adopt the opposite poliey—that is, to meot the defleit by increasing taxation, 'Thewr nchiedule of rolicf ombracos tho restoration of the dutles on ten and coffee, which would yicld about £20,000,000 per avpum ; on jucreasod tax af 10 conts & gallon on distitled spirits, 27,000,000; 4 conta andditional on tobacco, 24,000,000; {lluminuting matorial (gas and pe- .roloum), £200,000; gross rceeipts of railroads, 0,000,000 ; of steanbonts, £000,000; insuranco vompanios, $1,800,000; telegraph companies, $230,000 ; ospross companies, £600,000 ; making in tho agprozato £42,000,000 ; and, it thia is not ouough, then tho Commissioner of Intcrnal Rovenuo proposocs to rostoro the stamps on legal i{ustrumonts, deede, mortgagos, &o,, which will moreuse this aggrogate to €52,000,000, The \uostion s, thereforo, How Is this deflolt to be aet,—by osonomy to thutamonnt or taxation to hat souut upon the peonle, who are already verburdened aud struggling with might end anin to rocover from tue effecta of the recent e ? Lo eatimuied expondituyes for tho yoar end- .y June, 1875, by tho Bucrotary uf the Lreasusy, TILE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY. DECEMBER 15, 1873, sro 010,101,000, In the list of itema calling for this exponditure thero aro but throo, viz.: pon- slons, §30,480,000; intorost on tho public dobt, £09,000,000, aud futorest on tio Pucifio Railway bonds, amounting to 3,875,000, which cannot bo ohianged, Every other expouditure, excopt tho salarios of Judgos, cun bo roduced. Tho do- floit can bo made good, in othor words, by outtivg down tho 8180,836,000 which are loft, about onc-quarter. In tho ostimates for noxt year wo find tho itom of $20,600,000 for “ wiukdog fund.” That can bo knocked out with- out any diflculty, The anuual amount due to tho sinking fund has been antlclpated by bond- nurchasos for ten or twonty yoms to como. Loaving this out, thero is only 21,000,000 to bo shaved off tho genoral appropriations. If tho Committeo on Appropriations will take tho sanie viow u3 tho Committeo of Ways and Meaus, and out thelr cloih tu sult tho condition of tho financos, thore will be no difiieulty in meat- Ing tho deflelt in rovonus by reduc- fng tho estimated oxpenditure that amount, Just at the presout, when peoplo aro struggling with tholr own affairs, is no time to incrcaso taxation in order to moet tho extrav- agaut ideas of Governmout ofiicinls, Thoro must be a limit to sm:lg flnnucial riot, sud it is ns ood a time now as it ever will be to put a atop toit. If tho money is not ralsed, it will not bo spout, If the taxation i8 iacreased, the monoy will be spont and, worse tanw thut, wasted. To tax the people fifty millions more, is only tanta- mouut to turowiug away filty millions. The peoplo will stand by tho Ways aud Moeans Come milteo, thotofore, fu tho position they have takou (it thoy adbeio to it), If the Administra- tion cannot economize twenty-ono wmillions out of the ono hundred and fifiy-sovon nullions of estimated expondituro, deducting tho sinking fund, thon it 18 tume thoy stopped aside and made room for thoso who can, FERNANDO WOOD'S PARTY. The support of Fernando Wood by the majori- ty of the Democrats in Congress as their crudi- date for Speaker, bas done moro to destroy the faith of thoso who still clung to tho Democratic party than auy othor event that Lus happoued during all tho years of party decny. Ilad Ter- nando Wood been the Demooratic candidate un- der ordinary circumstauces, it would have beon bad enough, Ho is intimately associated 1m the miuds of tho peoplo with the most ovil doiugs of the old Tammany Democrscy, Whether as Mayor of Now York City, or represontative in Congross of tho Tammany Ring, Lo bhas alvays had & bad emiuence. But, in addition to ull this, Fernando Wood was made the caucus candidato becanss he was tho chiof salary-grabor among the Democraly. A reso- lution introducod into the caucus condemuiug tho salary-grab was voted down, and Mr, Wood was thoroupon choson as the Domocratic lender in the Mouse. It was an act of party suicide. It was a daring dofiance of thoso who have re- maiued by the party to tho vory last. It added insult to injury. It will never bo forgivon, Theo indignation of the peoplo inds expression onall sides, Tho most confiding, fuithful, aud biard-headed Democtats have now abandoned taeir tiaditions aud suriondoered thoir hopes. ‘Wo flud evidenca of this not only in individual denunciation of the action, bubt in the rapudiation of tho party by Wostorn jour- nals that bavo herotofore beon uucom- promisingly Domoeratie in their politics. Tho Unvava (Ill.) Democratio Clarion rominds its readors of its long and constant attachment to the party, and recounts its fidelity dwing all tho suspicions, and tnals, aud defeuts of the past twelvo yenis, But it can Lold out no longer, The support of Fernaudo Wood o8 the Demo- cratio leader of the House Las at lnst opened its oyos to tho truth, It recogmizes mow that the Domocratic party, accordmng to its power aud opportuuity, is a5 gailty as the Repuvlican party, and it calls upon all friunds of roform *to orgauize under a nuw name, that the tido of cor- ruption may vo stayed, and the country restored to polivical purity and Loacsty in official sta- tions,” The Ottumwa (Iown) Democrat, which bas boretofore Leon loyal to tho old party, #ays that honesc men can no longer sustain the orgauizution, aud adds: “‘Thero will bo a new party formed which witl have for ite platform all tho botter plavics in tho Domocratio cteed. Tho Fort Dodgo (Iows) Times, com- monting on the action, cliarges plainly that tho Domoctata *sold their birthright for & mess of pottago from tho mujority party in Congress, aud betrayed the rauk and filo of their party.” And soon. The improssion seomsto Le that there 18 nothing left for Fornando Wood and Liy ussocintes to do but join tho Ropublican party, and the appoivtment of Mr. Wood to tho Ways and Means Committoo scems to indicate that the Ropublican party is nothing loth, HOW THE SAUARY-GRAB WORKS, The House of the Forty-secoud Congress, ity closing hours, declared o Democrat entitled to tho seat for Florida, and unscated a Republi- con, Tho Houso then proceoded to cnact the sulary-grab, Now, ay the unscated Florida mom- ber lad sottled his pay-account for two years, lucking two days, at tho old rato (35,000 & yoar and milonge), it oceurred to an houest Ponnsyl- vanian, who voted for the grab, that under the retronctive mow rate the newly-seatod Florida momber would litt 15,000, Bo it was providod, upon this discovory, that in contested cases a de Jacto member should draw pay from the bogin- ning of his term, while a de jure member should bave pay only from tlie begiuning of Lis service. I: waa olsowhere provided to have salaries bogin and run on in advanco of au organization by Congress, und thut pay for contustod or vucant. acutd whould accumuiate with Lhe disbursing-of- ficer. Lot us oo how this works, Thero aro two soats for Wost Virginia claim- od by Domoorats eloctad on difforont dags, Tho Ilousc does not recognize auy claimant peudtug o report on tho case, Suppose this roport thall bo, ag is not improbable, that the whole question Lo remitted to the pooplo of thoso distriots, They will eloct Democrats, so tho Houso is in no hurry and will havo them wal until the rogular Octobar olection to save ucodicss oxpouse fn these bard timos. Allthis while these paople are nuropresonted in Congress, but thelr Ropre- sontatives, boing soated noxt Decombor, will nd scoumulated back-pay awaiting them, 18,125 to oach, and they musl {ake {t under the oconutruction of tho law by great constitutional lawyers of tho Beuato—thoy are even *doma- goguos " if they do not tako it, Tho grab allows no saviug to the pooplo for seats in Congresa that are not ocoupled. James Brooks died in Aprl), and Samuel B, Cox way elected his sucoessor in Novembor. Mr, Brools' pay-account 1an to the duy of his dontls, Tlerv, thon, was § sum of monoy iu- vestod for sorvices that liad not baou and vannot Lo rendored, Dut, sdmitting that advauce puy i tho corvect thing, oven with such risks of Iife, thore was for wowo mouths ufter Mr, Brooks Qled n vacanoy in Congross snd no Congress in sosslon, Bhould anybody have pay for this? Mr. Cox was olocted, who had vistuously to- fundod back-pry for a poriod whon ho was an aclual Congrossiman; yet Mr, Cox conforsos iu 4ho Touno that ho hng fobbed 38,000 of nuoarn- od back-pay for a poriod whou ho wainot oven a Congrossman-oloct! No wonder Mr. Cox slis down In shamo and confusion. Tho chucse In the trap had caught even s would-ba salary- reformer. ‘I'ho Hougo hins seated as Ropresontative for tho Surovoport (Ln.) District oue who, at best, waa only clected to to take the chancesof a doconsed clnimaut, Though not clectod until Nov. 24 of this year, this seated Ropresontative drawa back- poy from March last, Bupposo tho Iouse shall horenfier on ity oath doclare, oven ns tavdilyas in the Florida cace, that this Shroveport man hind 1o rights at all ; that Davidson (living), not Poters (doad), was olected in 1872, The offcct of tho grab-law is that the mau unseated and de- clared novor entitled to his soat has hiad pry not only for what time ho actually sat in tho Iouso, but elso the unearned back-pay (95.625), cover- fug & perlod when lie was not even pronpeetively o claimant to tho soat. Thus tho grab-law inax- orably gives atltho unonrned back-pay tothatono of two claimants who, if unseatod, is theioby dzclared not outitled to it. T'ho Houso has seated othor claimnnts, nota- Lly Bkanks, of Indiana, ** without projudice to tho contestant.” But the seated claimant, be- foro ever hio begins to mako good his casio in the Committoo on Eleotions, walks straight for his back-pay, though tho Houso may noxt weel, or noxt mounth, or not until nest yoar, sctupon a report which unseats him. Thero was a rood denl of back-pay ($1,165,000) attached to tho act in ita firat appliea fon to the Forty-second Cou- gress, and some littlo of it has beon rofunded, Tt should not bo forgolten that the back-pay in the act, as applied to the Forty-third Congrous, is £2,116,000, and thot hardly o dollar of it hna been rofiuded. The back-pay of thoe Forty-scc- oud Congress waa for sorvices alrendy paid for. The back-pay of tho Forty-third Congross is for sorvices novor rendorod. The people have mada o test of this question, and they will not bo laes inclined to enforco it bocauso Congress sceks evasion by subterfuge. Thoy will both pursue and enforco it, even to the bitter end. From being o test merely it will become an issue, and, unlike some other politi- cal issuos, this is ono that tho simplest can un- doratand, that ovan ho who runs may read. It is, directly: Whether a President and Congross are chiogen to perform in offico thoir own sweet wills, or to do a8 commanded by their mastors. In tho attitudo the Presidout and Congross have nssumod and aro deflant to maintain, how many of theso Cougressmen shiall withstand the blast of noxt November? How much buttor will it fare with the Presidont himself whon hia turn comes? 4 DEATH IN THE POT.” A fow wooks ago, tho American Grocer call- od attontion to the Fact that cortain parties are selliug what purports to be sugar sirup, butis really an artificinl product, obiained by the chiemical action of sulphuric a3id (oll of vitriol) upon somo of several substancos which consist principally of the essentinl matorial of wood fibre, Thero aro rensons for belioving that tho mauufacturo and salo and consumption of this vilo substitute for the genuine article is much wmore goneral than would be believed by any ono who hadnot parsonally investigatelthe mattor, It is probablo that nearly G0 por cont of the material, which, under the alluring names of golden eirup, silver drips, &c., enters largely into cousumption at the breakfast-table, eapecially in winter, is an artificial product of tha chemist’s akill, aud containg rank poison, Tho writer has recontly testad somo samples of *‘vory fine" sirnp, served out to families, and found them to contain the oil of vitviol in daugerous quan- tity. The substancothus operated upon is calted Lig- uino by the chemusts, It is tho basis of the fibre of wood, and exists almostpure in undressed cotton aod linen. Heuco old rags, and other equally objectionablo rofuse substauces, form the materint out of which this bogus sirup is made. Rovolting as are the associatiors called up by this fact, & very much more scrious objec- tion is found in tho sulphurio acid, which atiil lurks in tho sirup, and manifests its prosence thore whon subjocted to suitable chemical teat, When it ia known that this acid is an active cor- rosive poiton to the human organism, one may woll shudder at the ides of being murdored by inches at the tablo] with poisonod swoets. It is enough to mako one rozard the siru, with bhorror like tliat oxbibited by the sons of tho prophets, whoen thoy excleimed to Elisha, “Oll thou man of God: thero is death 1n the pot! " A Tho artificial production of sugar from etarch hos long been practiced. It is only a hundred years (1773) silnce Lavolsier discovered the com- position of water,—a fact which liesat the foundation of the immonse superatructure now known as chomistry, But the starch of graiu was convorted futo the sugar of malt, by artiti- cial moaus, long bofore that time. And the cheapor mothods of obtaining rug- ar from starch, discovored since thou, are equally hormless, and almast equatly froe from objection. DBub these procosses do not satisfy tho greed of tho prusent day; and so sirap-makers now rosore to sawdast, rags, aud possibly to many other kiuds of vagelaule fibve, from which thoy wnay develop the sirup by the eld of poworful acida, Tioss chingos ave effected fu tho natural growih of tho vogoia- blo; but thero the nclds uro ull eliminated in the process, and tho alkulies lofe in tho flbrous structure of the plant, The ohuractor of theso changes forms n vory interesting gronp of faots in orgauic chom- utry, aod thoy =ro so simple as tu Lo easily presontod to the ordinary mind, though not understood by the most profound philosopher, It has beon proved by chemicsl sunlysis, many timos roposted, and by many difforent invostigators, that tho osseutlsl wub- atanco of wood fibre (Lignine), etarch, and tho different kinds of sugar, differ m their compoat~ tion only as thoy contain moro or less of oxygen and hydrogen, in tho proportion {n which thoso gosoa unite to form wator, Thus, a pound of Lignius Is composod of 8 ouuces of carbon and Bounces of water, Adding 2 ounces of wator, wo liavo the constituents of 18 ounces of starch. Another ounco of wator gives 10 ounces of cane sugar, or sugar-gum; which differ only in the arrangemont of thoir compouant molecnles, Add one more ounce of water, sud wa have 20 ouncos of milk-sugur; still an- othor ounca gives orgot-sugar, One moro ounco of water givos us 22 ouncos of grapo-BUGH, which, thorofore, couslsts of Lalf & pound of carbon and soveu-olghths of a pound of wator; or the pioportlon of 12 atoma of carbou, 14 atoma of oxygon, and 23 atoms of hydrogen, the | subgtances in the above Mat. rolutive weights of’ tho atoms bolng 12, 16, and 1. Tbat in, witis 1o ame baso, of 12 atoms of carbon, weighing as much ne 8 molocules of water, wo have, t y woight ¢ Carbon and Water, [ G 8 Tushould b3 borno in mind that theso olo- ments aro chenically united £ form thodifferent Wo may miz utareh with the roquired quantity of wator; but tho machanical: mixturo will nat foxm aay ona of tho abovs kinde of sugar, until the atoms have been ilylncmll.n unito chomically, Ths cone vorsion of tho atarch of Dbarley Into the sugar of mialt, i offectad by flrat wetting tho grain and then heatfug it; tho superfivous molsture badmg romoved by drying, whon the procogs of cliemical union hing advanced to the roquired etayzo. Tho chungsean also bo effectod by treatmewt with suiphurio acid, A small quan- tity of thomeld is mixed with water, in which tho starch in bolled for somo time, Under this troatment Lo Atarch flist chianges into doxtrine, .and ofterviards into grape-sugar ; Lut wo cuntuot obtaln canc~gugar by this artificial procese, ns tho atoms will not urrango themsolf in the requived arder. Cana-swgor erystallic adily, while grapo-sugir doas uct, though two of the mole- culos of wator may be romoved from the latter without altering its geaeral charactor, making what is kisown ng ** duy grape-sugae” (carbon 12, oxygen 12, hydrogou 21, atoms), Heuco tho orystallised sugar we buy J8 uatural ; the artifical product being sold as sirup. 1If ca"ponato of ime bo added tothe grapo-sugar (sirup) il takes up the sulphuric acid; and the rosultineg combination may then be removed from the muss by the mechanical procoss of flltering. To muke sugar sirop diteot from Lignino re- quires tho oxorcise of much moro chomical energy than i makiog it fromstarch § though less costly, owing to tho relative choapness of the material used, It requiros the use of a far greater pro- portion of sulphuric scid in the water, for which it has o afinity eo intonse that if Lignine Lo placect in tho undiluted acid it parts with its water and becomes & mero mass ot (black) car- bon, Tho Lignino is stecped in a strong solution of the acid, which is kopt cool Lill the dextrine is formed, and then the process of boiling de- velops the sirup ftom the doxtrino. Aud horein los the great danger of eating the sirap made from Liguine; ospecially to the ton- dor constitutions of children, who use much moro sirup than robust mon. Tho quantity of the acld used in tho procoss is so groat that it ia vory difficult to separate all of it from the situp; wo may almost eny it ia impossiblo to do it by auy present mothod, in manufacturing the sirup oun n largoseale, The coneoguonco i, that = portion of tho acid genorally remains to “imperil tho stomachs and intostines of thoso who eat tho villainous mix- turo, which is genorally of go vile an oripin that the gorgo of tho enter would rive at it if he only knew tho material from which it is mnde. Thoro can roally be no moro serious objection to tho use of sirup made from starch thon to the ecating of crystallized sugar, which hos been purified by passing through animal albnmen ; bocause the daugorous acid is all removed. The other atuff lsso perilous to human health that those who manufacture it, and those who knosw- ingly vend it, ouglt to ho sent to the Peniten- tiary for lifo, as conspirators against tho bodily welfaro of socioty. And theevil is so grezt that no one should daroe to take tho risk of selling this sirup. Fortunatoly 1t is easy to Lring it to tho test. A small quantity of the ‘muriate, or nitrate, of baryis, mixed with water, makes o clear solution. It to this boadded s small quantity of sulphurio acid, & whito precip- itate is formed, which is insoluble in water, Tannin also gives a black precipitato; unloss, porhaps, if the zcld havo beon noutralized by albumen. If the sirup will stand these tests, it may bo sold and caten with safety. If not, it should be thrown away, and its vondors proso- outed a8 modern Borgiss. THE RAILROAD-GRAB LAW, Little by little aud item by item the Spring- ficld papers have lot out the facts concorning the action of the Siate officers in imposing upon tho poople of Tllinois tho excessive nsscssmont and tax of 1873, For several months, Tue ‘TrInuNE fusisted that this whole proceeding of an extroordinary sescesment,—a suddon in- croaso in the Stato valuation from 500,000,800 to over £1,300,000,000,—was juspired in the in- torcat of the holders of the railroad-aid bonds, ob- tained from the peoploof various local commu- nities to build up such corporations as the Ot- tawa, Oswogo & Fox River Vulley and tho Gil- man, Clinton & Springfield Roilrord Companics, ‘These bonds wore falling Into ill-repute; towns and counties were failing to pay inter~ eot, and tho holders were unable to *un- load.” The Grab law gave thom only the Stato tox on tho increase in the aysessment over 1868,—and tho margin was o vory small ene, An iuerease in the nssessment from §475,000,000 in 1868, to $1,841,000,000 in 1873, Lad forits objeot no other purpose than to enablo tho State Auditor to lovy on the people of the State gene erally o tax of at least $1,000,000 annually to pay tho Iuterest on theso bonds, Inall the dls- cussiony, the Springfleld organa of the bond- holders resented any reforonce to tho Rallroad- Guab law and accused Tue ‘TRIDUNE of an offory to projudice the public mind by “lugging in that law,” which they said bad no beaing oun the matter, Fmally, whon wo took the Auditor'a uwn cortificates of tho rate of taxation, and showed that lie had lovied over $1,100,000 more tax than tho statuto allowed him to do, and domonded for wbat purpose tho illegal and oxtraordinary lovy was made, the Springtlald orgaus were compelled to admit that the extrn tax was lovied upon the wholo Stato to pay tho Intorest on tho railroad-nid Lends, Subsoquently wo loarned by aceldent that the Auditor had cortified a spccial tax upon all the towus and countles owing railrosd-aid debts for tho full amouut of tho iutcrest on theso bonds; and that this lovy of speoial tax in the aggregato oxceeded $1,000,000, This levy of two separato ana distimot taxes for tho sumo objoct waaan additional ovidence of the influouce exercized at Bpringfleld by tho holdors of the ill-gotten bouds, and the exposuro las attractod attoution all over the Brate. Tho Bpringfleld Journal now admits that the specinl tax I8 to pay the intorost on tho bounds, while the tax lovied on the State at large ls to pay the principal of thess bouds, That papor con touds that, under tho fifth acotion of the Grab law of 1809, *Tho diverted Btate tax, viz., Stats tax on railroad proporty and en inoresse of valuation over 1808, und what may be loft over of the upocial interost tax, may be applied to the paymont of the prinolpal of registored honds," Aug, after stating the probable amount of Histe | e = = taxag to Lo diverted from the lovy of 1873, ays ¢ Although thiu will, ot the cud of the next year, ba i1 tho Treanniry 80 1ho ereilit of tho several lool fnser- eat fundw, tho law expresrly prohibits the Auditor from taking it into aceount In muking hin levy,—ilo abject plululy Leiug to sliow the acveral cauntios, elider, or towns (0 uen (lly erodit o retire 6 portion of the mineinat of thelr yeyialered Cruniroutsmad] debt (F they wo elect, Lhe £ith section of (ho Grab law glves tho peoploin whowo name {hewe frauduiont bonds hinvo beeu tssuod no choles fu the matter ; the bondholder:s weia too smart to let the poorle Lavo anyihing Lo way repeeting the ueo of the wouey. That section provides {hat, in cako of » murplus roventto over (ho amount of intoreat duo, the surplua “ shiall he applied to thoe pay- mont of the piincipal of smd bonds,” if prosent- cd 3 or the * 'Measurer sinll purclingo tho samo i opan markoet uf uot more than par,” Now, it {5 not diflicult to imagine that a very largo amount of {hese bonds may Lo held by porsons living in and avoumd Bpringfivld, Theso bouds, ns an investment, taking nll tho chancos of fraud aud iHagality connectod with thelr issue, Liavo not beon worth over 40 or 60 cents on tho dollar, Tho fntevest on those loads is about 81,000,000, ‘Chovo will bo n su-plus from inat year's lovy, 60 tho Journal stales, of 350,000, Tharo will o rocolved from the speclal in- torest tax £1,100,000, and from tho fraudu~ lont lovy on the Stuto at large 1,102,000 more, making allogolhor $2,560,000 applieablo to tho payment of oue year's interest. This belug poid. thers will Lo £1,650,000 surplus, with which tho Treasurer can purchiago or reeem, at not mora than par, that smount of the prin- clpnl of tho bonds. It will bo scen what a good thing thore is in storn for somebody—a year's intorent cash in haud, and 100 conts on the dol- Inr for n bond, herolofore not worth 60 cents, nad in daily dangor of being eancoled as vold, or as fraudulent, forged, or dishonestly obtnined, by the Courts. If this littlo tranenction wero dono in Wall stroot or Washington, thore would be one upiversal howl of indignation all over theland. Wo shall soon ses how the poople of Illinols rogard it. In the Novembor issuo of tho Revue des Deux AMondas, M. Victor Bonuet, an eminent Fronch economic authority, has an etaborate article in- tondad to show tho danger to which Trauco is oxposod of o flood of silver and of n loss of its gold upon areturn to specie paymouts. The supply of silver in Franco is somowhat largor than tho $500,000 with which Secretary Richard- son undertools Lis plan of resuming speclo pay- ments, M. Bounot calculates tho number of five-franc pieces to bo 1,5600,000,000, nearly equal to ©1,600,000,0001 This stock is increasing by coivage at 1l rato of 50,000 pleces a dag, an lu- creaso of 16,000,000 picces a yeor. Tho stook of Freuch gold is 4,000,000,000 francs, M. Bonnet proposes to stop tho coinnge of any more five- franc picces, and to limit siver payments, as legal-tender, to 60 francs, Ho calculates tnat 600,000,000 or 700,000,000 of srancs will be neces- sary for actual circulation, To sottle tho enor~ mous war indemnity France had to export but 400,000,000 or 500,000,000 france of coin. The rest was paid by exchaongo, sales of foreign atack, and foreign subecriptions to F.ench loans. The doublo standard of gold fixed by the French Iaw ot 151§ tol, subjects France, M. Bonnet thinks, to her groatest financial danger. This double standard gives othor natious tho oppor- tunity of payivg Franco for hor exports in sil ver, and demanding gold for its imports. This danger can be avoided only by * demonetizing eilver,” a stop which sbould be delayed no longer. The accumulation,of five-frane pieces alroady numbers 1,500,000,000, which increascs with delay and thoreby heightons tho danger of dopreciaton, DEATH OF PRUF. AGASSIZ, We rezsived at a'lato hour last night the intol- ligeuce of Prof, Ayassiz’ death, which the di: patches of the laut tow duys Lave lod the public to expeet. DProf. Agawsiz was stricken with paralyeiy sbout o week ago, but retained his fucultics unimpaited up till Suturday, Then, for the fivst time, his intellect was dimmed, and, with him, the man was dead whon the brains wers out, ITis deuth wes un- questionably hastoued by his waremitting labor of tho past fow years. 1o oxvired at Boslon at 10}¢ o'clock yostordny evening. Thore hay been no name more conspicuous in the records of pure scicuco of lato venrs than that of I'rof. Agessiz, His contribu- tions to sclentific, progress have been of s brond oud varied character in them- solvee, nnd bis treatmont of al! matters which Tavo como under his obsorvation have partaken of the vividness which peculiaily characterizes tho modorn school of sclentists, from whom he differed in many othor respocts. His long resi- donco in this coumiry and his close identification with Amorican intercats havo won for him not ~only sincore admiri- tion -but something like affoction from all those who have watched his earnest dovotton and unuffocted loarning, His various expeditions have aodded a valued store both to aur scionce and our literature, and he has been a unationsl priden freely giving tho American pooplo tho boueflt of Lis research and triumphs, Louts JouN Ruporrx Acaesiz is a do- scendaut of aun old Freuch Drotestant family, and Lis snceslors wero smong tho Huguenots drivon from Frauce upon Lhe reve- catlon of the Edict of Nantes, Ifis father, who wis & clergyman, as weio his forofathers for six goxtorations, settled iv o canton of Buwitzerland uear Nonchatol, whero Agassiz wasg borm Muy 23, 1807, Il emly eduestion was con- ducted undor tho guldanco of hia mothor, who was & woman of superior intelligeuce and cmMure. After s fow years echooling in the Canton of Borne, ho entcred tho Academy of Lausaune, and subsoquently passed two years in Zurich, whero he had decided to follow tho pro- fecision of woadicine, Then ho removed to (he University of Heidolberg, aud not long atter to the University of Muinch, at both of which ho eunjoyed the instructions of the most eminout wmen of the duy In science aud philosophy, His association with tho prolos- bors was unusually intimate, 1Ie hved in the sumo house with Duoollinger, the fouunder of modoeru philosophy, and it was hero that ho com- meonced lus atudy of lhie embryonto development af animals, which way dostined to Locomo the fheld of his most 1uportant contributions to wclonce in lator life, Agusaiz's first prominont recognition in the acientific world was necured by his contribution of the ichthyological part'of Martius' great work on Brazil, preparod after his exploration of that country, Tho book was publishod in Latin, and the faot that Martius solected Agassiz to proparo one of the mmost importaut portious of it, and that Agassiz did (he work in tho most admirable manner, Lrought him at onco {uto a sclentitto promiuchce that tho work of long yoarsiu a loss strikiug conncotion miglt not bave gained for lum, After (hi-, Agassiz gave up all wdea of practicing medicino aud ro- Bolved to devote himuolf to wclentiflo pursuits, ITe wus poor, but submitted to Cotta, the pub- lisher, tho mnterial ha had collected for s work on “Frosh-Water Fushes of Europe, which wade o favorable an impression on Ootia's mai tlat he advancel the young saven monoy cuough to live on while he procecded with his worlt, While engagod at it, Lie took out two do- graes of Dostor,—one, Doator of Phllovoply, at Lrlangon ; and tho othior, Dootor of Mo letno, af Mumsch, 1is siudy of (1.0 hiving fithes 1 @ him on to tho inventigntion of the fosnil specier, 1lo gave up 1oven yoars of Lis lifo to rreliminary invostlention before e pubitished anviling onthe subject, and Is was threo years moio before the publication was finl hel. He wvisited all the pransipal musoums of Bucopo iutho course at his investigation, and so commendod himself on ol! aidos by his devo.ion und talonts that ho wag accurded overy facility, and oven received monoy contr.butions to ald him in hia woilo o oexplored the principsl rivers end Iakes of Europe, aud always lad an artist with him to mako accurate drawlngs When he met Humboldt and Cuvier, theso col~ lcotions wou for him thelr favor, and the former oven offored to rolinquish to himatl his own col- lections {n the samo flold of resonrch, It is fne tevosting to recall theso circumstances ay show- Ing the exncting nature of rcientiflo rescarch and tho loyalty which Agassiz bronght to it from the very outeet, Long Lofore tho publicstion of nis work on fishew, ho received tho nppoiutmout of Professor of Natural Ilistory in the reviganized College at Neuchatel. Tho results of hiy invostizations ramified through va~ rlous dopartments of selonco, aud his geveral- izations hiavo stood 1{ho test ¢f time, They led biw diroctly to the conclusion, based upon sei- ontific facts, of = Buperior Intelligonce, wineli slone vcould establish and jusin- taln s0o bmmonious n eystom as ha found fn all tho realms of tho ‘decp and tho past which no had oxplored. It wos during theso revertclios that he demonstratod tho continued progross in ths dovolo;nant thraugh tho four classos of vortobratos and onding with mas, IIa rosd therein, asoording to his own words, "' the existance of n porsonal God, nuthor of all thiugs, ruler of tho universe, and dispeuser of all good."” ‘Wo may hero enuuerato hia principal works, o mero lise of which will give nan adoyuato iden of s indusiry, He firat publivhed, in 1834, hin “* Prodromns of the Echiuoderms.” Ills * Nat- ural History of the Fresh-Wator Fishos,” which he commencod publishing it 1939, was not finished till 1810, but It Includod his *Ro- searcher on Nosuil Flshon BShortly aftet appesred lis * Nomonclator Zoologicus, * which was u complete sclontific index to Zoology, followed by & moro extensive work, tho ** Bibliotleca Zoologiio ot Qeologim.” His other promiucnt works ara: % Qutlines of Comparativoe Physiology " (1848), * Principles of Zoology " (1843), **Contributions to tho Nat- ural History of tho United States,” * Journoy in Biazil " (1868). Desides these, ho has fun nished o large numbor of lectures, ro ports, and csenys, all of which bave a distinet veluo. His “Stadies of the Glaciors " is dosorving of special mention. I was publishod in 1840, with platos, and is o most graphic description of tho giacial phonomena iz the Alps. It did more than any othorof hir works to make him popularly known i Europe, and promuigated n now theory con cerning tho post-tortiary foimation of the globo, which radienlly changed tho prevailing idons of the day. Ho spont cight summers in theso rescarches, and sowe of his descriptions are remarkablo for their brillinncy aud vivid nesn. Prof. Agassia came to tho United Statoes in 1846. His first work in this country was te delivor & soriea of lectures in the Lowell Iuatitute, Boston. In Decem ber, 1847, Do accepted tho position of Professor of Zoology and Geology in the Scientitio School at Cambridge,—~a posltion whict o oceupled to the timo of his death, He Las been counected in tho mosutimo with several important surveys and expeditions, extending along the Atlantic and Gulf consts, tho Valloy of tho DMisiseippl, the Lake Buperior region, and tho Rooky Mountsins, He firsk cama to this conntry to mako himuelf fa~ miliar with its natural history and geology, but his recoption was so cordial that he decided to pass the romaindor of Lis days with the Ameri- cang, At tho eamo time, ho recoived every ncknowledgmont from European monarche, museums, and universities of his eminent attainmouts. A fow months ago, Mr, Anderson, of Now York, gave him Pennckese Island, and also alarge sum of money for the foundacion of a Sciwcol of Natural Ilistory, for which Agassiz had the most enthusiastic hopes. Tho snddost roflection on Lis doath at the pross ent timo s that ho hus boou doprived of a reali= zution of the grandest projoct of Lis life, Prof. Agavsiz's greatost eciontifie achiovementt bave probably been in the department of Eme« bryology. Ho was tho diecoverer of the pho- nomenon that tho human embryo passes success. vely through all tho utegos of fish, roptile, bird, aud mamual. All other ombryos take the forms immediately proceding in tha order nmaumod. Though the Darwinists have usod this discovery as a stroug analogical argument in favor of thoir thoories of dovelop- mon! they havo beon stoadily antagonized by Prof, Agassiz, who rofusod to admit that it had the bearing which they gave it, It was his pure pose to dovoto his next course of leo tures to tho work of domonstrating what be concoived to be tho wenknesses aud dofeots of the Darwinian theory. In tho Janusry nume ber of tho Atlantic, just out, there s the first of o sorios of articles from his pon on the Do~ velopment hypothesis, iu the course of which he ay The more I look at the great complex of tho animal world, the 1wore wuro do T fuel that we have not yel reacliod its hidden mesuing, sud tiie moro do I rogrel that tuo young sud ardent spirits of our day give thomselves taspeculation rather than to close aud 8o curate {nveatigation, I lope in future orticles to show, first, tha howover broken tho geolgleal rocord miky be thora 1% & completo saquouce in many parte of it, from which the character of the sucsesiion insy b as- vertaiued ; soconly, thut, sfuce tho most exquiitel deilente atiucturcs, us well s embryoulo phases ol grawth of the most perl<hable uuture, have pre- sorved from very eariy deposits, wo Ltvs no right to Infe: tle didappoaran:o of typoi bavauso thlr abiouca disproves vome fuvorite theory ; and, lastly, that there i8 uo evidonce of a direct deacent of Iater from carlicx specios fu the geological succession of animals, Prof, Agussiz was o big-hearted man who was loved by oll who had the good fortine to kunow Lim persouslly, Ho bad but a poor idoa of money, snd used it only to ndvance the causo ot sclouco, in which Lie was bound up hoart andsoul, His namo will pass into biutory as one of the great savans of the world, aud it is a matter of pride aud glory that tho treatment ho rocelved ia this country induced hin to make it his adopted Lowe, POLITICAL. The Senatorinl Etection In Ces.s tornia. BAY Fnavcisco, Cal., Doc, 14.—Thirty-five Democratic membors mot in caucus at Bacra- merto last night, but made no numinations for Bountor. The Domocrats at the Capitol oxpices the opinfon that Booth will bu clcctod Tucsday on the tlest 1oll-call of each Houso. " PERSONALS, HOTEL ABRIVALS. Palmer Houso—Gon. G, A, Avory, Montana; the Tlou. . A. Morrls, Toxas; F. I, Dodd, Esq., New Yorlk; 3L 8, Stubbins, Philadolphia; F., W, West, Momphis, Paciflo otel—The Hon, John Catlin, Now York; Judge 8. P, Poterson, Ohio; J. W. Wilson, U. 8, A.; Gou. S, A, Sampson, Pittsburgh; F. R, Stone, Esq,, Philadelphis. Sherman House—The Hon, J. W. Holmes, Now Jersey i J, 8, Beovel, Baltimore; J, W. 8, Bampe gon, Bteubonville, 0,5y 8, W, Ilunghten, g?dl':uupuhn tho Hon, Mruuklin Jolwson, aluo, IN GENERAL, It is Imulblo tlat Col, Jamos H. Howo, the now United Btatea Judgo, will tako up hin roui- douco 1u this city, as he holds onurt Lore part of . the yoar.—Oshkosh Noi thweslern, Judgo Anson Millor, ouo of the mout hon- ored uitizens of Nockford, who haw oecupind & prominent placo in tho affuirs of Norihoru Llis nols for wany yours, is now ongaged wu prupare ing o history of liuois,—a labor tur which Lie ia euunontly woll qualified. The only history of tho Htate wo now lmnmw i8 Ford's, and that te fraguentary, besidos uarrativg eveuts uo luies thisu 1646 or 1847,