Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 20, 1873, Page 4

i % a e TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. ”Jlrm'\m OF RUBACHITTION (PATADLI vANCE) it Parta ot & year at tho same rate. o To pravent delay and mistakes, be sure and givs TPost Offic address in full, fncluding tiato and County, Remittances may bo mado eithor by dratt, expross, Post Ofica oruer, or in reglstered lottore, nt our slsk, TEQNS TO OITY SUDACTILERE, Daily, delisered, Bunday excopled, 25 conts por wonk. Uelly, delivored, Bunday Included, 80 conts por weok. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Ooruor Madison and Doarboru-sta., Chloago, IM. TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS, FOOLRY'S THEATRR-Randolnls_straot, Wark sod Ladlo, + Paoi Ty ® Soss & Bo e mos ACADEMY OF MUBIO—Hnlsted strost, botwoon Mad. laon and Aonree, ~ Engagement of Mrs. Ohanlrau, ** Aurora Floyd." GLOBE THRATRE~Deaplatnes stroot, betwoos Mad- tson and_Washington, Ko ; NG Kugagowont of Laura Alborta, 11 ague of ¢ Brain," Miustrolsy and c::fllna’lmn. g en- e UNION PARK CONGRRGATIONAL OHUROH— Looturo by 1, J. Do Cordova, Bubjot, **Tliom Brown Boss from Browntown." The Chivage Tiibune, Thursday Morning, Novomber 20, 1873, The Pooria papors of tho 18th, threo days af- ‘er tho announcoment of the failuro of the Ital~ nn opera sonson in this city, contain the infor- nation that those wishing to attond the Luccs jeason can obtain oxcursion tickets on the 20th snd 21st vin tho Toledo, Pooris & Wabash Rail- soad. Bhould any of tho Poorians be unfortu- aate enough to come, Lowever, they will find lit- sle coneolation in tho bill-board, which announ-~ « 108 the re-oponing of tho theatre on Deo. 1, — There is & lessening proapect that tho banking- reforms proposed by the Now York Cloaring- Houso Committeo will be adopted by tho banke o Now York, The Committes itself is growing recalcitrant in rogard to them; one of its members withdrew yesterdsy, and soveral others are not so firm as when their first raport was made, Tho hostility on the street to the roforma ariges from the requiromont that checks oun be certified only for monoy actually on de- posit, and that of the banks is mainly directed sgainst tho prohibition of interost on deposita, Commissioner Douglass’ preliminary - report showa the internal revenue roceipta for the yeoar to have beon 8114,000,000, which oxceods Becrotary Boutwell's estimates by $6,000,000. Tho coat of collecting thorevenue has been 6,000,000, or a little over 5 per cent, which certainly is extravagant, and the Commissioner promisos to reduce it one-third noxt year. The Commis- sionor recommends the restoration of tho tax on illuminsting gas and boquests, as the repeal of the former has not benefited consumers, and tho Iatter can ossily bo pald by paople who re- ceive lognclnf No decision has yet beon reached by the French'Assombly in its debate on the quéstion of tho prolougation of President MacMahon's torm. The chiof ovent of the proccedinge yes- terday waa the introduction of a resolution by 1L Rouher, Louis Napoloon's Miniater of Stato, for the submission of the wholo matter to a popular vote. * In the courde of his speoch in support of this motion, Rouher alluded to the posaibility that Providence might be paving the ‘way for the rostoration of the Bonapartes. The excitoment over this remark, the dispatches state, with a dry bumor, susponded the procsed- ings for some time, The uproar, whichis thus vividly indicated, subsided sufficlently to allow avote to be taken, in which the proposal fora plebiacite was dofeated by a vote of 499 to 88, It is gomething in the interest of public mo- xality to have secured a vordict of gulty againat Boss Twood, but, a8 beforo sentence is pro- nounced, more legal maueuveriog is to tako placo on the motion for an arrest of judgment, it will be gafer not to indulge in prematuro felicitations on Boss Tweed's *‘Doom.” The question of want of jurisdiction will be argued on Baturday, and if John Grabam fails to sustain his points therein, son- tence will be duly pronounced in accordance with the verdict, It would sntisfy the Boss' moat relontless enemies it the Court accepted Mr. Tremain's suggestion and named a sepa- rate term of imprisoument for oach count of the indictmont, As thero are 204 different counts, THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUKE ] firmer, st 6}(@To for corn to Duffalo, Mg wines woro reilva and, 1o highor, closing nt 883¢0 por gallon, Flour was quiet and unchenged. Whoat was quist and 13¢o lower, clonlng st £1.001¢ onsh, 1,02 sollor Decomber, and $1.043¢ sollor Jauuary.” Corn was loss activo and @10 lowor, elosing at 8830 cash, aud 89%¢o soltor Do- combor, Onts woro vory quict and unchanged, closing st 81/ @81340 ensh, and 820 roller Janu- ary. Ryo was quiot and onsler nt 8i@00%e. Barloy was more notive and onslor, at $1.30 for No. 2, and 50@02 for No. 8. Hogs wore nctive 8t 100 docline, with closing unles a$ 83.06@4.00; racoipts about 44,000, ‘The ocottle and shoop markets wore quiot nud firm, 880 woro to bo Lrought by the Railrond and Warchouso Commissloners against tho Ghloago & Northwostorn Rond are based upon charges both of discrimivation and extortion. Inatances of both are given in our dispaiches this morn- ing. For instance, tho Company are.said to chargo $10.50 for tranaporting a car loaded with graln 8 miles, and $16.10 for iransporting tho esmo froight at auother point of the line 160 miles. Tho reasonnbloness of tio new ratos charged by the Company will nlso bo calldd in quostion in thoso suite. It is enid that since the now Railrond law wonb into offect tho ratos bavo all been increased from 10 to 50 por cont. The serious trouble apprehend- od bytho Commissioners is tho difficulty of gotting witnosson to substantiato their chargos. The very parties who gave the information on which they have brought thoso suits cxpress themeolvos as unwilling to appearin court for fear of rotaliatory moasures from the Railroad Company. Washington dispatchos state that tho Castolar Governmont have given nssurance of thoir de- sive to comply with tho domands of the United Statos for roparation in tho Virginius matter. They nro, howover, busy with war- liko proparations to oftuot our own, &8 is shown by tho order of the Spanish Secrotary of War dirocting oll roserve troops to roport at ocorps headquartors within a fortnight., There has been s conference, tho objects and re- sults of which bave not transpirod, be- tween Prosident Figuoras, of the Cortes, and tho Miniator of Foreigu Affairs, Scoretary Richardaon confided hia viaws on the sinows of war to the reportera yosterdsy. Tho Govern~ mont, he seald, hsd onough monoy to start with. Ware wore expensive things, but wo were *ready for the emergonoy.” Thero is o yumor that seventeon Cubaus liavo been shot at Holguin for complicity in the plot whiclr was formed to co-oporate with tho Virginius. Two items of news from Havana throw a further illustration on the Spanish char- scter, if any eoch is needed. One is, that tho glorious victory over the Virginius is to bo celebrated by the humane coremony of & buil-fight. Another is that tho moment the nows of the capture reached Banti- 2go, the Spanish Volunteers thore commemo- rated their valor by outraging noarly s score of the defenseleas widows of Masons shot in 1808, A movement is on foot among the Masonic fra- tornities of New York, New Jersoy, and Maasa- chusetts to call cmergent sessions to devise some retalistory action. SLAVERY IR QUBA, Mr. Sumner's timely lettor on ths Cuban ex- citemeht bringa up again the quostion of Eman- cipation, We have no great atock of faith in the Spanish Ropublie, but there can be no doubt that Prosidont Castolar is an ardent anti-slavory man, and that what he can do to advance the causo of emancipation he willdo, We foar that Le can do but little, ) The insurgents have made emancipation one of their watchwords, and their forces ara so largely composed of negroos that, if successful, they wonld be compolled to freo the remainder, The wealthy slave-ownera of Cuba understand this. Their Club,—the Casino Espagnol,— which controls the sactions of the Volunteers more than any other power, clings to Spanish vule principally on this sccount. They pro firmly conviuced that Spain can nover abolish slavery in Cuba, Though Castelar is an ayowed Tmancipationist, they have no more fear from his Government than from those who have pre- coded him. Though the liboration of tho alaves in Porto Rico (of whom thers are but 30,000) Lias, been formally proclaimed, they esy that no Bpanish Government will dare to undertake tho liboration of the 850,000 slavos in Cuba, Spain the Boss would havo to expiate his stealings by olose confinement for from 200 to 1,000 yesrs, Tho Hon. Jobo P. Hale, who died yesterday »f his homo at Dover, N. H., atter along illness, was born in Rochestor, N. H., March 81, 1808, He was graduated from Bowdoin Collega in 1827, and in 1880 was sdmitted to tho practice of the law, He took an earlyand active part in politics, and in 1882 was olected to tho Btate Legislature. In 1848 ho went to Congress; in 1846 he was again clectod to tho Biate Leglalature, of which he was mnde Bpesker. From 1847 to 1858 he served as United Btatos Senator, after which he practiced law for two years, andin 1855 was re-cleoted to tho Benato, whore ho re- moined until 1805. In 1853 Lewas the Free Boil cundidate for Vico-Preaident of tho United States. Boon after loaving the Senate, 10th March, 1865, he was appointed, by Prosident Lincoln, Miniater to Spain, : A number of vallant and unreflecting persons, “and 100 others," dating thoir vommupleation from Headquarters of the Reform Club, 804 Division stroet, Chicugo, tell Prosident Grant that “tho only explanation that can now bo mede must bo made at the cauuon’s mouth,” Aftor some moro advice of this sort, they add an impreesive postacript, viz.: P. 8.—In caso of need, wo aball ba able o plago 600 men st Your Ezcellency’s dluposal,—~men that Luve tecn sorvice,—L'russian soldiers, who understund their ouuiness, and no d—u nonuouso, ‘We suggest to the Reform Club and 100 others that thore are omo outrages ncaror homo that demsand attentfon, ““and no d—u nonscnso.” Thero Is the Rafforty caso, for instanco, A poo- ple whoso administration of law s so peculiar chit they ca’t puzieh & murderer in tholr own midst, have no eall to go to Cuba to junish mur- Qerors—at lenst until they learn whothor a mur- der has really buen committed there or uot, The Chicago produce mavkots were active yos- serday, but generally lower, both in grain and provisions. Moss pork was quiot and 12340 per arl lower, closing at %11,76@11.873¢ cash, and 812,00@14.10 wellor Jauuary, Lard was sative snd s shade easler, at 37.05@7.10 cash, and T)go sollor Janunry, Dloata woro activo and oasior, at 4o for purt sslted shoulders, 63{v for do short ribe, Yo fordo short clear, and 8@70 for green bams, Lake frelghts were mors sctive sad clings tenaciously to Ouba on account of tho immenso revonwe the island yields. The aboli- tion of sinve-labor would materially lossen tho production and decrense the revonues. Hence it is not likely that any Government will feol itself strong onough to interfero with tho * pecullar institution " of Cuba, Tho bhistory of attempted omencipation in Cuba juatifies this opinion. The * Movet Law" of 1870, paesed whilo Berrano was Rogont, eatab- lished a project of emancipation, All slaves who hed attalned the age of G0 were declured frae, and likewise all children born of elave mothers aftor the publieation of the law., It bound the proprietors to roar all children born after that dato undor n system of approntioeship, tho freedmen to receive halt the wages of froo- men after they veached 18 yoars, and to become absolutely free and posscesed of olvil rights at tho age of 22 yonrs, Had the law boen racog- nized in Cuba, thore would be no slaves thero in the yeor 1885 oxcept the survivorsof theold con- dltion prior to tho paenage of the Juw. But the fact 18 that tho * Moret Law " has never been rezognlzed in Cubs. It was two yoars before the Yoluuteers ‘would permit it to be publiched in the Cuban newspapers; and, even after auch publication, the slaveholders put their own futerprotation on it. It bns sorved them, in fact, nsumenns of gotting rid of tho old and decrepid ; slave mothers, too, have Loocu moro willing thau before to bear children i tho boliel that thoy wero born free. Dut if iy nover on- tored tho minds of the Cuban slave-owners to obey the law. As Spanish rulo aud elavery sro mutually depeudent in Cuba, so independence and abolition will go hand in hand. The muanumission of tho Cuban slaves 1 ovon amoro eerious matter for future consideration than tho struggle for Cuban Iudepoudenco. Upon the manner fu which it shall bo undertaken will depend tho prosperity of the imand, and, perbaps, the supromacy of tho Europesn races. ‘fhe prosant population of Cuba is about 1,600,000, of whom about 870,000 are slaves aud uourly 500,000 froo blacka, The latter hinve boen increasod in numbery by the polioy adopted by Loth contonding parties of fraclug the blacks that como over from the onemy. "Tho esthnated valuo of thoso alaves is ¥800,000000, Tho se- tual value of the ulaves, Lowover, doss uot yopresvnt thelr worth, presont and proa- poctive, to the owners. Onba exports produus to tho amount of #100,000,000 & yoor, tho great bullk of whioh is tho product of slave labor, In buny seasous, the slnves are infamously ovor~ worked—pixtoen to eightoon hours & dny, Bun- dnys inoluded, Tho fleld-labor aud tactory-worlk In tho production of the prinelple stuple, angar, 18 of a charactor which, according to popular beliof in Oubs, can bo doue ouly by the negrooa. It was hold by the oarliest sottlors that tho Island could bo oultivated by none otbers than Africans, which led to tho Introduction of slavory. Ever ainco, and in spito of troatles and convoutlons, the slave-trade Lias boen earriod on ton groator or loss oxtont in Cuba. Tho richos of the island depond, in the prosont condition of things, upon slave labor,—much more 8o, in fact, than tho woalth of tho Southorn Btates dopendod upou tho ssme class. Tho groat problem of Cuban indepondenca will be, there- fore, how tho slaves may bo lborated without ruining the prospority of tho country—how to avold tho disastrous resulls of abolition that onsued in Han Domingo whon the Fronch Ropublicads liboratod tho slaves; in the Eugliuh West India Tslands, whon Great Dritain inangurated s still more liboral policy by paying tho planters £20,000,000 indomnity; and inthe Southern Statesof Amerien when tho slaves wore freed by the sword. San Domingo has rolapsed into an almost primitive stato of barbarism. But that, however, is protty much the coundition of Cuba now, since slavery itwolf is borbarism without tho addition of tho brutal tyrauny of the Voluntoors, Can tho Cuban slavos bo freed without broaking down tho prospority of tho country, or bringing on a war of racos, and, if 8o, how ? This s tho quos- tion which must bo solved with tho help of past exporionce, Humanity and civilization domaud the abolition of human bondage at any price. But it must bo attainod with aa little anorifico as possible. Tho woslthy slave-ownors, under the leadership of tho Casino Epagnol, projected a plan of s yoarly subscription, whoroby $8,000,000 n yoar might be produced with which to oncourage the immigration of frou Iaborors. But tho plan {8 impracticablo, bocauso the ma~ Jority of the planters have not tho money to pay for freo labor, and because tho freo laborers aro oftenor dogradod to the plano of thoe slaves than tho slaves aro olevated to the dignity of freo labor. Tho Coollea and freedmen sppronticos in Cuba are no better off than the slaves, oxcept that thoy aro protected from whipping, and that tho former Lave no objoction to suicide as & moans of eacapo from tho horrors of their situa- tion, FAREWELL T0 BANYON. Iama wise fellow; and which is moro sn offcer; aud which fsmore & houscholder, and one that knowa thio law, go to; sud a tich follow enough, go to; and ono that hath two gowns and everything handsomo sbout bim. . , . °But, mosters, remembor thatT nm on ss; though It bo not writton down, yot forgst not that I am an ass,—Dogberry, In viow of the fact that Mr. Justice Banyon's official days are about to expiro, and that tho poople will novor again invest him with the cares of offico, it is appropriate that a farowell word should be said touching his public services, and that tho kindly place in memory which Dogberry wished for himsolf should also be kept for Ban- yon, Greator mon even than Banyon upon re- tiring from offico have been swallowed up in the maclstrom of the world, and lived and died ob- soure. Wo cannot part company, howover, with this eminent jurist, without acknowlodging his sorvices, and contributing our mite towards so- curing for him that asinine apotheosis which Dogberry so ardently wishod, r. Justice Bauyon has enjoyed publio life for many years. Intho early days of Chicago, ar- rayed in & white spron, typical of the inno- cence which ho nftorwards lost, ho served up ‘arf and ‘arf, Wolch ravebits, broiled enipo, and rosst beof to Mollroy, Tracy, Meeker, Lisle Smith, Pat Ballingall, Dr. Egan, and othor roys- torers of blessed and brilliant memory, long since gathored to thoir fathers. As a catersr, he bind decided genius, and those who can remsmbor bis free-nnd-casy snuggery, on LaSallo atroet, will sigh as thoy remember those ambrosial days, when snipe was snipo and ale was ale, In those days, Banyon was young, and tondor, and truo. But thero came a change over the spirit of his dreams. Ho folt that ho was destined for a higher mission, and ouc fine morning he branched out on Washington street as a greon grocor, aud was specislly strong in spring chickens, eggs, and butter. It was a stop up in the world. Selling chickena is a more dignified vocation than cooking thom, and the vending of egga more lucrative than the compounding of omelots, It had beon well for Mr. Justice Banyon had ho stuok to this vocation, but another chango came ovor the spirlt of his dreams. His motto was Excelsior, He stlll yearned for somothing highor. Whilo broifling hia snipe and looking at tho sun through his oggs, ho had more than onco dreamed of a time whon the ormino would grace his shouldors, and he should atop from his butter-firkina to a place upon the Bench, and deal out juatice Instead of green grooeries, That timo came in 1869, Tuo Olti- zons' Committco wan ingearch of n candidato for Justice of the Poaco. In some mystorious manner thoy found Banyon or Banyon found them, No one knows now. It s imposeible to find any one now who will assume the rosponai~ bllity of having dlscovored Banyon. Porhaps, aftor all, ho was nover discovored, He may have come like thd wind which blowoth whera It Uateth, snd -whence it comoth no one can tell. Tho Oitizens’ party may have found him on thelr bands as o man finds himeolf with an sttack of monslos. It inof little consoquence how this broiler of enipo and vender of poultry camo to bo solected as * the most sensoless and it man " for Juatico. Ho was olected, and was subse- quontly designated by the Common Councll ay Polion Maglutrate, Wo havo now traced Mr. Justico Bauyon from the rostaurant fv the Bonch. Wae huve scen him errayed in whito apron, with carving-knifo in Lund; we liavo koou hira in ermine, holding the nesles of justice, But hois no longer tho inno- cont znd snow-white Danyon of twonty yoara ugo. Publio lifo hus solled him, tainted the fine quality of ki Lionesty, and spoilod & good cook, and it is only in the Iattor reapoct that tho come munity has suffored loss. With the record of lin offiolal caroor sinco 1870, at which thmo ho took tha final plunge into the vortex of unovon- handed justics, and beeamo the pliant tool of gomblers, tho publlo aro alroady famillar, Asa Justco, o has bad & profound ,contemipt for the. Inw, and the luw hus kad a profounder contempt for him, 1Iis contompt for tho law hay only been oxcaeded by his contompt for tho. Bupreme Court, which ho has more than ouce oxprossed, and the unnouncemont of which must havo ouuged constarnation nt Ottawa, Ho has had nowmo notable cased bofore Lim in hiy day,— among them the sesault upon Mr, ftorey by the Dritleh Blondoy, i which his govius shone with wnoro than usuul lustro, sud In which bLe laid dowa » grasid fundsiintad pitasipls 1 law, fhat \ B Lee s : THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1873, 1% was not necosnary to introduco newspapor ar~ ticlos n ovidonco, na ho was alrendy familiar with thom. Hig Inet and crowning feat was tho arrost of anold manwho had asked him to drink with him, Inasmuch as tho old man owed him flvo dollars, ho looked upon this fuvi- tation to drink ns n contompt of conrt, and flned him accordingly, A suit for falge imprisonment bas boon onterod and fa atill pnmflnf(,—l Houve- nir which ho will take withs him when he’ rotires from the oflico of Justico of the Peace, ‘There must bo an end to everything, however, and the ond of Mr, Juatico Banyon approachas, Among tho blossings for which all good cltizeny shiould bo gratoful in tho approaching Thanks- giving s tho cortainty that this joke, this earcasm upon the name of Juatico, will shortly bo roured. No ono will mourn his oxit but gamblors and their associatos. Weo do not beliovo that Mr. Justico Bauyon is & knavo by uaturo, but an imponetrable ignoramus and a tool of bad mon i oftentimos as bad as a oun- ning rascal. Thero iy yob an opportunity for him to retrlovo his character, howover., Lot him loncoforward shun tho fostive bowl and tho bad nesociations with which Justico made bim familiaz, aud voturn to the vocation of his carlier days, Naturo adapted him for the spigot ond the gridiron, His daftness in tho use of thouo bomoly but harmloss utonsils, If ho will rosort to them onco more, may yot gontly lead him back to the paths of innoconce, and crown his remaining yosrs swith the ponce and prospor- ity which lie hidden in woll-filled tankards and woll-bralled enipo. : e PRESIDENT WOOLSEY’S OPINION. Ex-Prosident Woolsoy, of Yale Collogo, ono of tho most compotont authoritios on questions of intornntional law, in a recent intorview witha roportor of tho New Havon Press, gavo his opin- fon upon the racont eapture of tho Virgiulus by tho HBpanish authoritics. In his view, our Gov- orumont hne no causs for war with Spain, as in eapturlug the Virginiua 8pain only did what sho bad tho right to do. The judgmont of this omi- nont authority is desorving of eareful considora- tion in shaping our polioy. Had his opinion beon followed in the Alabama controvorsy, all tho troublo tho Unitod States Government had concorning tho absurd ** indirect claims " would bavo boon avoided. Prosidont Woolssy con- cludes Lis atatoment aa follows : 1If the capturo was made in accordanco with Spanish Iaws, if the mon wore tricd and executed in nccordanco with Spanish lawn, nad it tho Virgintus, though sailing under the United Biateu flag, waa novortholess cndesv- orlog tozendor aid to tho Insurgents, was, n short, eogsged in trafic prolibited by the Iawof natlons, then tho United States Governmont cannot mako the transaction soy ground for war, or, in fact, of com- plaint, Thore is another point, too, that must bo considored, It ia atated that the Virginius woa cap- tured {in English waters, that is, within throe leagues of the Inland of Jsmalea, Now, if this is so, then tho English Government can protest aud remonstrato with Spain, not the Unitcd States, The United Sfates may request England to take cognizance of the trans- action, but England must bothe first to tako such steps actually, and may or mey uot do It, s she choases, If England prefera to do nothing about it, the United Btatea cannot tako any steps, This isa simple mattor of internationallaw, which the United States, with England and Bpain, ia governed by, Now, it has boen statod that Mr. Fish claims that the arrcst was illegal bocause mado on the high acas, and not whilo tho vessel was entering some bar~ bor ; but, sald the ex-Presldent, if Bir, Fish takes this ground it will be inconsistent if his (Presideut Wool- sey's) momory served him right, with the procedent cs~ tablished by the United Btates during the Oivil War, bacause our vessols capturod on tho high scas nontral veasols, oven before they entered the port of Nassau, Moreover, thero is another point, Our Govornment cannot declare war now, for Congress is not {n session, Tho Presldent can only rocognizo sn existing stato of war when we are invaded. Congress must declaro & war with another nation. Now thora {s still anothar point—that i the recognition of a atate of belligorency in tho Island of Cuba, but this has nothing to do with the Virginius case, Belligeroncy could be ac~ knowledgod at any time, and will not holp this caso in soy way, Norcan this case in any manner whatever e mado the protext for acknowlodging belligorency. If the Virgintae, sailing under the United States flag, was engaged {u a lawful undertaking, the caso fs very different, and Congress can tako much stopa as it scen it, It can romonstrute, and if that does no good, can declaro war, but, at least oa far as our dispatches show, the Virginius was cloatly on a filibustering ox- pedition, and, &8 auch appears to bo tho case, nothing has beon done contrary to the law of nations, at leest %0 fax as the United States are concerned, President Woolsoy then said that the wholo matter looked to bim 8a if it woull settlo down to a question of tho inhumanity of tho oxecutions, Ifthe Spanish lawa pormit tlo killing of %o many persons, there was an fobumanity about such lawa such seto eall for the remonstrance not only of the Unitod Btatos, but of every civilized natlon. Our Government can pro- test with Spaln in tho cause of humanity against sucl procoedings, and could if the Virginina hsd salled undor any other fing, If Spain ndmits it weakuoos and fnabllity to control ita colony, then thero would bo timo to take such contingency into con- sideration, Proven that tho Virginius was eugaged in flttoit business; was golng to Ouba to bomefit the insurgents, #o farns that single trausaction was con- cerned, tho United Btates has not the slightest ground for war or complaint, excopt as to the inhumsnity of the affalr, — MR, LINCOLN AND MR, BEWARD, In the Docomber number of the Galaxy, the Hon. Gidoon Welles has & third paper, in which fie neeks to ropol tho statement of the Hon. Charles Francis Adems in his memorial address upon Mr, Beward, that it was tho ¢ suporior in- tellectunl power" aud ‘‘foroo of moral disci- plino” that onabled him *to direct affairs for tho boneflt of the nation, though in the name of another,” Mir. Welles states that whon Mason and Blidell woro taken from the Trent, Mr, Bew- ard was extremoly jubilant snd hilarious. Afr, Blair alone, of tho Cabiner, declarad tho arrest to bo wrong, and urged that tho two mon ghould bo dispatchod in o United Btates vosssl and deliverad to Great Britain, T'ho Presidont hind doubts and misgivings. Mz, Reward opposed Blalr's propoaltion, and ecouted the idea of re- leasing tho mon, and only ylelded to the pox- emptory demand of Graat Britaia, The President's exooutlye ability, self-raliance, sud promptness woro shown in -the restoration of MoClellan to tho cowmand of the srmy aftor Popo's fallure, The President had ylelded to the solicitation of Staaton in puttiog Halleck in command, and in putting Popo at the hond of tho anny, This was a mistake. I'ho feoling of tho'nrmy was with McClellan, and tho dofeat of Topo was voally atéributablo to tho jonlousy of the subordinate ofiicors. When Popo's amy way brokou aud domorslized, and had retroated upon Washiugton, Btanton and Ologe, and two othor members of the Cabinet, actually signod & papor requosting McClollan's dlumissal from tho army, At (bis junclure My, Lincoln wrote au order placing MoClellan in command of tho army. Ilis reason wasthat MoClollan was a good organizor aud good defendor, aud ho chatlenged tho CUabiuet to namo & bLottor person for that duty, The Proeidout dld this whon two mem- bers of the Qabiuot wore ready to rosign uuless MeOlollau was dismissed, Tho President racog- nlzod tho fact that MoOlallan **had tho slows,” ond was unfit for aggrossivo work; was novor ready; but he also recogunized the fact that for 10utoring tho lost confldonco of the ariny ho was the propor mau. During all this, Mr, Woells suys, Mr. Soward wus Intontionally ubsent, My, Wotles duclaves thut tho Presidout ** way a much worq shrewd sud noourate observer of tho charsotesistios of men—better ana miore gor rootly formed an estimato of their powsr and capabil{tios—than the Soorotary of Btate or mout men," Mr. Wollos disoussos in dotall the history of the Emancipation Proclamation, which ho do- claros was tho Prosldont's own not; and saya that results hovo “ proved that thero was, In tho monaure, profound thought, statesmonship, courngo, and far-sosing sagacity—consummato oxecutlve and administrativo ability, which wag, aflor somo reveraos, crowned with succoss,” Hodoos not draw a flattoring picture of Mr. Boward's auti-alavery polioy, which novor led bim to propose any mensure of roliof to the country, Mr. Lincoln was the responsiblo author of omancipation, whilo Mr. Beward studi- ously avoided auy oxpresaton of opiulon fn ro- gard toit. Yot Mr, Adama roprogonts him na tho lifolong opponent of slavery, and beyond all othora the maater spirit of tho Lincoln Adminia- tration. 8o far as Mr. Adams indireotly gives Mr. Soward any oredit for omancipation, Mr. Welloa contonds ho doos injustice to Mr. Lin- coln. The papor of Mr. Wollos is well writton, Is dirsct and explicit in its statomonts, and s, 1tko tho proceding onos, a valuable contribution to the history of the War, — THE DUTIES ON TEA AND COFFEE, The falling off in imports, and the reduction in tho amount of goods withdrawn from ware- houso, havo caused such a sorious dimination of tho gold rovenues that, after January, it is vory likely the Sccretary of the Troamury will becomo not only & purchasor of gold but a bor- tower of money to carry on the Government. The panio has had the further effect o reduce the intornal revenue receipts, and the rosult is thnt tho Troasury will be unable to mest ilu‘uur- rent domands, The probability of such s condi- tiog,of things was pointed out in this pager in the firat daya of the panic, and at the ssme timo we suggosted tho only cortaln remedy for tho ombarrasamont. In 1872, in order to defoat any genoral meas- ure for tho reduction of the tariff, tho Protec- tionists pushiod through Congress an sct ra- poaling the dutics on tes and coffeo. Thoy wero loud and lavish In thelr protoatations of eagornoss to give to every American oitizen s ‘“freo breakfast!" What a brilliant ideal Thongh the dolusion was pointod out at tho timo, and the choat exposed, the Democratic partyin both Houses of Congross joined Pig-Iron Kelloy and passod thoact, Tho duty on tes and coffce was a purely rovonue tax. Every dollar of that tax, loss tho cost of colleoting it, went diroctly to the Troasury. It contained no boun- ties or ponsions for privato individuals. Every man who paid it had the satisfaction of knowing that the whole tax went into the Troasury, At tho time those dution wero ropesled, tho tax on tes was 15 conts and on coffes 8 conts por pound. Tho annual revenuo was about $20,000,~ 000. Battho Protectionists ohoso to meot tho nocossity of reducing taxation by repoaling theso puroly rovonuo duties and rotaining those dutles which produced but little revcnue in pro- portion to the amount extorted from the people. ‘This $20,000,000 of tax was $20,000,000 of revenno lost fo the Treasury, while the tax on cotton gooda produces about §10,000,000 revenue to tho Treasury and $50,000000 to tho protected classes, or if for any rosson it fails to do B0, it comes short of ita intention. In other words, bad Congresa ropoaled the tax on cotton goods, the people would have boen rellsved of $60,000,~ 000 tax, whilo the Treasury would have lost only 10,000,000 of revenue ; but by ropealing the tax on toa and coffee thero was a reduction of only $20,000,000 of tax, all of which was revenue. That is tho peculiar modo the Protectionists bave of roducing taxes,—they abolish all tho rovenuo possible conalstont with theleast reduc- tion of taxes. Thoir game Is, and always has hoen, to repesl only such taxos as yield money for the Public Trensury, and to keop all others 28 high as possible. . Tho impolicy of tho ropeal of the tes and cot- foo duties {8 now o seriously felt at the Trensury Dopartment that the Secretary gives notico to the Protoctionists that neoessity will compel him to override their theory and rocommend the restoration of those dutiea, Ho must go furthor than this. Thore must be & roturn to a rovenue tariff, The Government must not * suspend.” It must havo rovenue, and the dutios on cotton, ‘woolen, iron, steol, paints, glags, and all other commodities must be reduced to tho point whore thoy will invite, rather than discourago and pre- vent, Importation, and eo prodice reyenue, Tho reduction of the dutios on cotton and woolen goods to & uniform rato of 25 per cont ad valorem would moro than doable tho rovenue from both thoso classes of imports, Thelr re- duction would havo the offect of reducing in like proportion the Indiract tax on thoso goods, whichi, boing much greater in the aggrogate than on the imported artioles, is not paid into the Troasury at all, The whole tarlff wants revision ; hundreds of articlen now taxoed heavily and from whish no revonuo is received should bo made 100 ; all tho dutles should be brought down to & purely rovenue standard, o thot the Govornmont should reooive, s noarly as possiblo, all tho tax pald by the peoplo, To this com- ploxion must It como ot last, dospite the rago of the Protectionista, Tho polioy of protection Las brought every branch of productive labor to starvation ratea; it hns at last out off tho ravenuos of tho Government, and must now bo sbandoned to prevent the bankmptoy of the Trosaury, me—r—————— THE PUBLIC LIBRARY, In » vory handsomo testimonlal to Mr, Poole's abilities a8 a Librarian, the Cincinnati Gazello recently demonstrated that that gentleman pos- sestod all tho qualificationa essential to tho management of a large public lbrary. Among theso qualifications is freedom from narrow projudicos ; that i, tho Librarian shiould be capablo of eolooting, not the books which suit himsolf, but thoso which will suit tho whole' ruading public, and tho solection must bo Impar- tial, so as not to offend sny creed or soct, The solcotions muot also bo made o that the library sliatl contain not only worke which are morely entortaining, but also works of genoral informa- tiou in literaturo, acionco, und tho arts, so that no onoean fail to flud tho information ho dosiros upon any topio. ‘The snccessful Librarian must aleo bo ablo to Iay out the funda at his command where thoy will do the most good, having in view tho lnrgost amount of benefits to all con- corned. This is one of the most jmportant of is dutlos. In addition to this, ho must know tho valuo of books and havo a thorough aoquaiutanco with the bool market ; must reg- ulate thelr distribution ; soa that they are prop- erly cutaloguod j vavofully watoh and regulate tho dution of his subordinates ; and bo able to roconello tho conflioting and somotimea unroa- sounble wauts of tho publio, Al these quall- tiea the ontive Olnolunati press conoedos to Mr. Poole in an sminent degros, It bhas besn sufl- clontly testod that ho is not only an oxport bibli- ographar, of raro litorary taste and noquirements, but that ho nldo posacses a high dogree of oxodu- tivo ability, na hns boon sbundantly shown in his organizing of the Cincinneti Library and his akillful suporvislon of tho now and ologant Li- brary building in that city, which has grown up under his watchful oyo, Theso &ro oxactly tho qualitios which aro neoded -in tho Librarian of tho Chicago Public Library, Our Library I 8 yob but the nucleus of a library, without n pormanent home, In the hands of a competent man, howover, Lke Mr, Poole, it can bo made one of tho beat in the country. In the hands of an {ncompotont man, it might bo irretrievably ruined. Tho Library Board havo therefors done wisoly in sccuring & man who has beon tested by years of exporience to organize it and build 16 up, rathor than to take any chancos of failuro by placig it in untried hands. The effort of Cinciunati to rotain his sorvicos by an incresso of salary will not avail now, as Lo has signed an agreemont to come hero. It is a mattor for ain- coro congratulation that we have boen thus for- tunato, and it fa & bright omen for tho faturo usofulness and succoss of the Library. With the co-operation of our citizons, Lo will not fail to build up & Library of which tho clty will be proud. ———— BAFETY IN RAILROAD TRAVEL. Tho discussion in Great Britain relativo to the purchiage of tho railroads by tho Government hoa bad, at loast, tho offoct of bringing beforo tho public much valuablo information in rogard to the managemont of raiiroads. Wo gavo, in inour articlo = day or two sgo, comparativo atatomonts rolative to tho private system of Groot Britain and tho Stato system of the Con- tinont, Publio safety was likewiso discussed, and it was mada ono of the mnin grounds for advocating Btato control. Sir Robort Poel, in tho debate on the Rallway Purchase bill, in troduced into Parliament in 1844, suggeated that, whother the Stato agsumed tho manage- mont of tho railronds or not, it was, perhaps, the duty of the Govornment to construct ono line for the purposo of establishing a model of man- agoment in the interest of the publio mafoty. Tho ssme idea has boon rovived in tho Iater disoussion of the question. Afr. Willlsm Galt maintains that the mo-callod railroad ““sccidonta" almost invariably oo~ our through 'tho neglect of the companies to provide tho means of provention that have. been invented. Thesame is true of this coun- try. Tho block system of lights, already in use on some of tho British railroads, has nevor yet boon adopted in Americs, and various syatems of signals used in England, which enable the railroada to run so many trains and run them so rapidly, aro not employod at all with us. Many of our American railroads are still oporatod with- out the Miller platform and the Westinghiouse alr-brake, The insufficienoy of pay and tho overworking of employes aro also responsiblo for mony of the catastrophos that occur on the rail- ronds of both Groat Britain and this country, In tho former, it has been found that the dam- ages which railroads aro required to pay to the injured and the heirs of the killed fur- nish no great amount of restraint'upon the manegement in tho intorost of public safe- ty. It is the smallost, but omo, of the various itema that enter into the exponso of run- ning o rallroad. The numbor of those who lost their livea by railraad accidonts In Great Britain, in 1872, was 759, and there were 2,857 injured. A very large proportion of these consisted of employes of the company. The compousation for injuries amounted to 23{d in tho pound, or sbout b conts of evory $6 required to dofray the oxpenses of oporating all the roads in the King- dom. Tho slaughter of this year will largoly oxcoed that of last yoar, and yet it ia predioted that the companios will not have pald out any more money for perdonal damages. Various at- tempts bavo boon made mn the British Parlia- men to compel the railroads to adopt such pre- cautionary measures as commond themsolves at once to common judgment, such as the block syatom, whioh throws lights a mile to the hoad and & milo to the rear of moving trains, But, as 124 railroad Directors are mem- bors of the Houso of Commons, and sixty-two railrond Directors in tho House of Lords, it can be ensily comprohonded why thess moasures have always boen defonted. If tho State Logis- Intures in tlis countly would turn thelr stten- tion to this fonture of railroad management, much might bo accomplished in thas interosts of publio safety in travel. A corious and rathor amusing event recently ocewrred in New Bedford, Mass, which very fvoll illustratos Mr, Charles Reado's epithet of “prurient prudery." A storekeepor in that stald town hed tho offrontery to exhibit a statue of a nude youth in his show-window—* Nar- clssus at tho Fountain.,” Thesight of this nudo monster in marble, clay, terra-cotts, or what- over other materiel it might havo been mado of, gave such offenso to the svorthy people of that auclont and decayed sosport, that tho Marahal, one morning, wallked into the store and confla- cated the offending Narolssus, Whother the villagers hangod him—Narcissus, not the AMar- shal—by the neck, or drowned him in a ducke pond, or broke him’ into fragments, is not ro« lztod, but he was mado way with in somo myste- rlous manner. Thoe soquel to the storyis the arrout of tho Marshal by the indignant store- keepor, and tho fining of the former, If tho storekeeper, howaver, is to proserve caste in New Bedford, ho should array hin future Nar- olesuses in regulation pantaloons and bob-tatled coat. —— The Unita Catolica of Italy gives somo statis- tics of tho nunual reccipts of Poter'a Ponce, which aro dovoted to’tho personal expenaes of tho Pops, and which kave nover boen published boforo, 1In 1801, tho Ponce amounted to 14,181,- 000 franca ; in 1862, £09,402,000; in1868, to 7,047, 000 ; in 1864, to 5,852,000 ; in 1865, to 0,445,000 in 1800, to 5,09,000; in 1867, to 11,812,000 in 1808, 011,000,000 ; thus giving total of 71,101,- 000 francs in olght yoars. Itis stated that the amount collectod during the lnst three or four yours Is lnrgely in oxcoas of tho average of tlio above sume, aud that the total up to the present timo will not all much short of 400,000,000 francs, T'ho groat falling off from 1803 to 1807 Is oxplain- ed by the fact that the Pope's tomporal pos- soaglone woro deomed to Lo seouro, and con- sequently ho was not in need of large outside subsidies, STEAN-EOILER TESTS. Speetal Dispatch to The Chicago Uvibuna, Prrrsnunan, Pu., Nov, 10.—Tho boiler ex- plosion experiments commenced to-day at the Aarshall farm, up tho Monougalela Rivor 1 but, iuuos to tho disgust of tho largo crowd Wi had goro thero with fold-glagucs, ota,, aud who had utood tho teat of n bitter cold day, through a bliudiug snow-storm, tho single rivited bollor would not go up, ovly a flue giving way to the reat predsura, 'The experimouts w ‘probably thoy will Lavo to bo postponed tll sprin, nj f0.601d wonthor and hmom, Brm e {70 the Aswoeiated Pre Prrzanunor, Nov. 19.—T1he o8 of boller teats undor tho suporvision of tho Governmuut Commisslon comnionced to-dny, olght miles frofm this nu{. A largo crowd was In attendance, Tour bollors aro ou_tho ground, but, ouly thees in position. Ono was manufacturod in Clucin. natl and {s but an ordinary boilor, singlo rivetsd, ‘T'ho othior two woro mhnufactured in this civy of the United Statos brand of iron ; tho othor of Jomogeniaons stocl, aud both doutlo tivoted on ngitudinel seam, * Tho firat toul \vas to bo with tho ordinary Lollor, manufactured in Cincinnati, ‘When stenm was raisad to nbout 80 pounds prag. suro tho safoty-valvo gave way by reason of Lhe dofectivo manner of its insortion, Further trial ‘was postponed until Thureds; . g THE RAILROAD COMMISSION. Nature of the Suits to Ne Broughi Against the Chicago & Northwostern Railroad--Instnnces of Flagrant Vios 1ation of the Law. S&pectal Dispateh to The Chicago Tribune, Fnrevont, 1lL, Nov. 19.—Tho grounds upox which tho Roilroad aud Warchouse Commission. ors ara about to Lring suit at Frooport against the Chicago & Northwestorn Ratlroad conslss ot two chnrgou: Tirst, discrimination; second, oxtortion. Tho Company charge from Winne- bago to Rockford, » dlstance of 8 miles, $10.50 & car for all grain; and from Winnebaga to Ohicago, 100 mifles, $16.10. Besides maling this disorimination, it is charged that they fuvor somo shippers over others, FUBTIER OASES OF EXTORTION, Another caso was from Bliannon, Wis,, ta Rockford, 84 miles, 12 per oar for grain; and from Harlem to Rockford, 26 miles nearer, on the samo line of tho_road, 816 por car. Grain buyers who live in Winnebago ‘aro unable to compote with thoso at Iv‘mnqort, a diatance of 21 miles furthor on the samo line, for the reason that loss ratos aro givon tho latfor to Ohicego 3 ond thoy aro hus enabled to pay more for grain, “These aro samples of tho discrimina- tiona and oxtortions which aro said to be prac- ticed by tho road. Probably thoso uro the inost flegrant of the whola list, but, it any are true, .thoy aro bad enough. Tho question of tho reasonebloness of the genoral fatea of tho rond on all froight from thoso points will doubtloss be brought up in the cago. The ovidenco will go to show that tho rates havo boon advancod at all poiuts ou the lino singe the 1st day of last July, when tho new Railroad law wont into effect, from 10 to &) por cent, and theso Iattor ratos are uniformly axcos- sive, It will no doubt Fpen‘ that the road noglocts to furnish promptly to non-competing points cars for the shipment of freight, WITNESSES UNWILLING TO ATLEAR. The Commissionors are having somo $ronbls to mako tho witnosscs from whom they gained the facts upon which they are to bring their suit faco the music, Most of thom are large ship- pors on tho line, aud, whilo fl.mlvl wore willing to fi? boforo tho Commissioners, whon on their fgtu vostigating tour, and toll of thoir grievences, thoy hositato to go into court, and do 8o for foar of tho consequences to thom in thelr businoay, ‘They fear the road will rotaliate. Somo of them, for this roason, have declined to give their evie dence in court, Mr. Brown, one of the Commissioners, has boen hore soveral days, buslly engaged in got- ting up evidenco, SUICIDE, ‘Three Distressing Cnves in Boston, Special Dispateh to The Chicago Tribune, BosTow, Muen,, Nov. 10.—Throo distrossing casea of suicido have occurred within tho past twenty-four hours. Emile do Musscl, s French- man, arrived in this city ahout two months ago, and took rooms at Ober's restaursnt. Ho was a native of Alaace, had served in tho French army, and obtained the Cross of Honor. He waa very quiet, tewporato, and resorved, and won the respoct of his landlord. When his bill was pre- sented, he said ho was oxpecting & ro- mittanco from his father, but in time ko recolved & lottor rofusing- to send him money, and virtually disowning him. Ho bocame despondent. Last " nigot hlr, Obor informod him that he felt obliged to ssk him to give up his room.: Mussel sdmitted the necese sity, and coneonted to abandon it fo-dey. Ho kept his room until 20'clock this afternooz,when pistol shot was hoard thero, and, upon onter- ing, it was found thnt ho had placed tho pistol in his mouth and fired it, Ho was not dead at 5 o'clock, but_rocovery is herdly possible. In his room was found a manuscript Fronch play nenrly comploted. It is reported that ho hasn Wite now en routo for this country, ‘'ho second caso is quite as distressing as either of the others. A young house officer of' ibe City Hospital, named Arthur L. Foster, com- mitted suictde in the bath-tub early in the morn- ing by cutting the fomoral artery, on account of o mistake ha made in tho case of tho German nurge, Pfoffer. Sho had been subjoct to fits, and lnst night sho was taken ill. Ho prescribed for her as usual, but instead of fits tho troublo was hystorios, nnd the opium he gave her caused hor doath. It was because of this ho Lilled himself. Tho cutting of the artery was dono with the utmost ncatuoss. Ho was bat 21 yenars of age, and was conscientious ond ambitious. He was well-conneoted, and his p‘uioplo residoin one of the bast sections of tho city, Tho third caso was caused by inability to ob- tain work, - Judson Crocker, & youug ma Living at No. 87 Edinboro strect, han; himuolf at noon with a sheot which he had fastened to the to) closot-door. Ho had beon fn low aplrits for soveral days boaause ho could uot get omployment, sog had intimated his intention to commit sulofdo to inmates of the houso, Ho was 28 yoara of ngo, unmarried, and his relatives re~ eide at Hyannis and Oape Cod, and are in 8asy clroumstances. DAVENPORT. A Now Savings Bank Organized««The Farmers’ insurance Compnny Pros Joct, Spacfal Dispateh to The Chicago Tridvne, Davenronr, Is., Nov. 10.—A ndw ravingt bank, undor the name of the Iows State Eavings Banls, hau started in this city. It hos the #pecial countanance and ald of the Catholic community of thia city and Btate, and the majority of ite incorporatoxs are Catholica,. Its capital stock ix fized at 9800,000, with & stock limit of 2,000, 000, 8 pox cout of tho former sum to be paid ir cash. No stockholder in any oveut can own more than one-tonth of tho capital stoclt, which {s divided into 8,000 shares of $100 each: and no sharos osn be transferred withont the consent of tho Board of Direotors, which is tc conslst of nine persons, who choous the usual numbor of ofticera, The orlginal incorporators are Horace Bradloy, B. Bartemoyor, J. A. Lo- clairo, John Lillis, A. Woober, " W. T, Dittoe, Daniel Ryan, and George P. McOlelland, Tho now Fermors' Insuranco Company, the Musontino County Fire and Lightning lnsur- . ance Company on yosterday olosted of , 88 follows; Presidont, John A, Pavin ; Vice-Proal- dent, Bamuel Menutt; Bocrotary, Seth Hum- phreya; Trensuror, Suol Fostor; Directors, Richard Lord, Bamuel _Sinnott, Lindloy Hoopor, W. M. Price, D, XK. Wintermute, Cris Behmokor, Hugh P. Brown, Hugh R, :llos, Josiah Day, Marehall Farnaworth, and lssac Negus. Tho maximum risk to bo taken i 82,000, until tho riske amount to $100,000, wwhon it cun be incronsed to $4,000, Seotion'13 of the articles is as followa s “ 'The praportrv porsonal sud real, of encls member shall ba lisble for the asgaesment made upon him," EMIGRANTS IN BOSTON. Statistics Ielnting to the Arrivals in that City-~Cinsuification by Ages and by Nattonlitios. Svectal Dispatels to The Chicago Trivune, Doston, Nov. 10.—The atatistics of omigra- tlon to’ tho port of Boston for the yoar show that 700 vessols arrived in the clty, bringing 49,672 |msuou4:orei‘ gl theso vessols, 525 salled under the British flag; 174 woro and 10 bolonged 1o ofhor matioencint Tho total numbor classed ns emigranta lu 81, 042].u Olu el(l;gsn,rli,;dfl m:l'er fomales ; 16,6U2 malos ; 6,895 woro 15 years of ago an 3 19,005 botwoon 10 and> 35§ 0300 Bebwmen ph e 50, nnd 1,462 60 voars and upwards; 12,47¢ wera Ivish'; 5,064 G : 06 § 8 e Englfldh' ormans ; 1,285 Bwedos § and e o \'IO‘HIA!P)I'S SUFFRAGE IN INDIANA, Special Divatoh to The Chicago Tridune, Ricnyoxn, Ind, Nov, 1D.—'.lgho Beml:tmmil meoting of tho Iudiana Woman's Bullrage Aeuo- ciation convoned horo to-day, and continues to~ morrow, The attsndapco is modorate, but prom- inent agitators nye vogont; and thore was an avhnated sosslon thia afterncon, An sddress Va8 made by the President, Ars, Anns Camps il ¢ vontinued t¢-morzow, though i: s “thoughit bell, of Rockvyilla, G 1f and'resclutions m&"‘fifflflfl #5% Agpaialed