Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 2, 1873, Page 6

e e [ THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 2, 1873 GREAT BRITAIN. Two Tizhty Ymportant and Perplox- ing Economical Problems, —_— Conspiracy Between the Coal Compa. nies and the Mining Unions. The Price of ool Doubled, and an Artificial Famine Produced, An Extra TProfit of $500,000,000 Real- ind by tho Coal-Moen in Ono Year, The Manufacturing Supromacy of {hie Kingdom Most Seriously Jeopardized. Combination of the Agricultural La- borers Agninst the Tenant- Farmors, Misorable Condilton of tho English Sarls.-The Constornation Caused by Their Presont Domands. Special Corvespondence of The Chicago Tribune, Loxpow, Oct, 12, 1673, There aro somo economical probloms unsolved 1n this country, that sorely distross tho minds, not only of tho thinkers and writers, but of milllona of poople. Ono of these is tho quos- tion of tho supply of cheap conl, and anothor tho wages of farm-laborors. For o hundred yoars, Groat Britain was the land of OHNEAP AND ADUNDANT FUEL ; and npon that fact was founded and reared her manufacturing supremacy, Conl {8 a form’ of force, and, by combustion, ohanges into the etrongth that drives the loom, tho wheol, tho forgo, the stenmship; that roduces ores into metals, and motals into railways, onginos, tools, plows, vehiclos, and othor of tho appliances of civilized lifo. For * many yoais a ton of this indispeusablo form of forco—indisponsablo for proparation of food, and porsonal protootion againat the rigors of tho oloments, as woll as for manufacturcs—gold at the pit's mouth for $1.50 to $2 per ton, in all tho coal-miniug districts of England and Scot land. Every offort of tho operative to incroase Lis wages waa firmly rosisted Ly the minc-owner, Combiuntions of tho minors* wera met by com- Minations of tho ' Companies. Strikes, throw- ing out of omployment tous of thou- sands of men, ofton lasted throe to six months; and if, at the end, the etrikers gained a concession, it rarely oxceodod 8 fow pence on the ton. But o timo came when the Companies oeasod to resist demands for advance of wages. About 4170 yoars ago, a change came over the spirit of their dreams, A BEORET RESOLUTION was arrived at to concode whatover advance the men desired, aud thon add it, twice or thrice over, to the solling prico of tho coals, Thoy oxacted from tho officers of the Mining "Unions & single condition rs considora- tion for any incresse in price of mining, viz.: the absoluto right, on the ;purt of the Companics, to limit the * out-put” of coal,—that is, the quantity that should be 1brought to the purfaco atall the mines, The men roadily scquicsced in {hus condition, This combination botwaen the Labor-Unions and the Coal-Companies was completed, and the conspir- acy ngainet the conl-consuming publio was por- focted o littlo moro than o year ago when, all at once, without any apparent cause or roason, the prico of conl throughout tho island WAS DOUBLED | 7 The effect of such an enormous advance in .the prico of fucl is vory serious. As s disturb- ing elomont, its consoquences cannot yot be forescen or coruputed. The recent Committce of tho Iouse of Com- mons, in their rocent roport, cast all tho blame on the miners for the limited out-put and the doubling of tho price, But the newpapers point out that it would be impoagible for them to nc- «complish euch limitation without the nssent or conuivanco of the Coal Companies, and the wages ‘have only been advanced 2 or 8 shillings per ton, whereas the price at tho pit's mouth has ad- vanced 13 to 15 shillings. It is thus seon that, whilo the conl-diggers raceivo 76 to 100 por cont advance on former pay, the owners charge from 800 to 400 per cont on their formor margin of profits, Thus they rob in couples ; but the own- era tako the lion's sharo of the spoil. Tho con- sumption of coal in Groat Britain last year was about 120,000,000 of tous, and the general aver- ago advanco of prico to consumors has been ubout $4 per ton all round,—making the en- ormous difforence of 8600,000,000 PER ANNUM in this one product. The coal-merohants and freighting companies, both by water and rail, hnve advanced their commissions and ohargos, 08 well as tho nnul-:li&gnrs aud mine-ownors. Having pockoted £500,000,000 extra profits among them in » singlo year, thoy are not likaly voluntarily to fall back ‘to_old prices, no matter how much tho general public may complain or threaten thom, ‘Tho limitation of tho out-put keeps conl con- tinuelly searce. There are uo lurge quantitios of it above ground anywhore. Itis doubtful if thero ig & mouth's supply now mined in Groat Britain, -Thore is actually AN AUTIFIOIAL COAL FAMINE throughont tho island. The Unions will not produce a ton more at tho pit's mouth than the minimum quantity needed, Alrosdy the con- sumption of the past yoar has droppod 10,000,~ D00 of tons ns compared with 1871, - v'art of this talling off 15 the resull of economy in domestic consumption, part in exportation, and tho rostin .manufactures. DButf, instoad of the deoreaso alarming tho colliors and awners, thoy profous to bo pleased therewith, a8 it econowmizoy the stock of coal yot unmined. ‘Lho operatives are happy in the groat advance of wages and roduction of work, There aro now no coal ** strikos.” Theyall hyo half to two-lhirds employment, and recoive twico a8 much for thoir lubor #s formorly. But sll accounts from tho conl-mines coucir fn stut~ ing that thoro has been an alarming iucrease of drunkonnoss, soclal vice, snd domestic quarrels, among tho minors, since the sudden adyance of wages, Tho effect of doubling the cont of coal is boing felt by all olasses of sooioty, aund is vi¢lbly exhibited in a gonoral ADVANCE OF PRICES of domestic commodities, aud a domand on the purt of artikang of all trades for Lighor wagoes, of sorvants and Inborern for moro pay. Lvory house-hiolder discovers n sorious in- cranao n (he cost of suppasting Ll family, and I8 endoavoring to tax it Lack on his employers or customera. All tho shopkespors are charging raoro for thoir goods. ‘I'ho mmnufacturors are sll putting up the lmcu of thoir wavos. Iron-making fools the offeot of dear conl moro than any othor busiucss. Iron of all kinds has enormously advanced in prices within o year, Iron and sical for railronds, for ships, for stonm- engines and bollors, for buildings and bridgen, for vehicles, for machines, for ovux&thing into which iron entors, costs much more thun u yenr ago. AL kinds of manufactures employing steam-power are injured by the advanco in coals, FOREION COMPETITION is bolng felt more and miore sharply eyory month, at all points of contact, It {8 freely concoded that tho American market for iron and steol in every form will aoon be hopolosely lost, unloss the” minera and mine-owners in the ' Slates" play tho samo ume on the publio they have played hore ; and iere seems t0 bo an opinion thut this wlil be done, both in Amorica and on tho Coutinent of Europe. The wish is doubtless the father of the thought, Dut thereis no sttempt to disguise the consequonces that may follow this conl-fam- ino convpiracy, The manufacturing supremavy of Great Brltain fa MOST BENIOUSLY JEOPARMIZED ; d, if that la lost, her commercinl supremaoy d oapitalistio domination will nob lo% survive, Meanwhile, thors aro 25,000,0 of mouths to faed south of the Calodonian Canal, on aepace littla larger than the State of I Bola. with _food-yowing oanacily for barely 10,000,000, a8 mattors aro now managed, To food and employ the othior 15,000,000, manufac- tures enough must bo En'odncud ot such prices that the world will recolve thom In oxchange for raw matorlals and sufficlent food to subsist that numbor of peoplo. 1t ia cortainly NOT A TLEABANT OR ONEERPUL subjoct for Dritish statosmen and writora to contomplato, But many of them thinle that tho erlifiolal conl-famino will shortly glve way to plonty; that (ho wicked combination of diggers and owners to ** corner " the market wfll bo broken up or dissolvod, through rlunrmln nnd jenlousies, and thoe pressuro of lostilo publio opinion, aided by logal-coorolon’measures that may be devised. ho coal-rearcity in ouL){y ong of tho ailmonts that afllict tho British body politio. Another ia tho combinstion of THE AGRICULTURAL LANONENA againat tho tonant-farmerg, who now find thom- solves ground botwoon the upper millatono of Iandlordism and the lowor ono of Labor-Uniong, In short, under tho loadership of tho Rov. Mr. Arch,—a Mothodist oxliortor or locnl- roschor, Dbimeolf & common farm-haud or moat of ' his 1Mfo—thoro is & pon- oral ‘domand on tho patt of savoral millions of farm-laborors for highor wagos and & roduc- tion of the hours of work., The leadors of tho ‘[rados-Unions overywhoro aro instructing the 1gnorant and underpaid * hinda" to combine and_strike against tho tonant-farmors. The conditlon of thoso poople heretofors has been WRETOHED IN TiE EXTREME, Uttorly illitorato, 1ll-fed, worso olad, ovor- worked, and half-paid, they have led the lives of wrotched drudges. would be difffienlt to show whorein "their condition waa , bottor than {hat .of tho Iato slaves in the Bouthern Btates, They wore cortalnly as ig- norant, as hard-worked, and treatod” with as little {mmonul rospect, as tho slaves. Thoy woro at boab moro sorfa; thoy had no votes, no volcoin publio affairs, no righta that thelr om- ployers folt bound to reapoct, and were regardod only in the ll%ht of hirod work-horses, Thoso misorablo whita slaves, numboring 5,000,000 or 6,000,000, aro golting thoir oyes opon astonish- ingly fast to thoir imbruted condition; and thoir domanda for bottor somponsation, botlor luts to livo in, pasturo and fe enough for one or two cows, according to the sizo of the family, aud timo’ and place for thoir children to aftond school, are .. FILLING WITH CONSTERNATION tho ‘minds both of tenants and landlords, The formor doclare that, if these nunhoard-of domands of tho scrfs aro complied with, thoy will bo ruined, and eannot by any posaibility pay their ronts, 'Tho latior observo that such {s the fact ;. that, if tho demands of tho laborors are granted, the profits of the farms will bo 80 re- duced that they will receive but small ronts, and Lence their income will drop down below their style of dissipation, and tho valuo of thoir.es- tates must %rumly dooronso. Hence thero is alarm among the nobility at the audaocious con- duot of tho horeditary sorfs ; and, nan consa- quonc, thoro is & renewed talk of ' tho nocossity of “corn-lawa" to proloct their })rofll! agoinat the clmap Dbroedstufls and moata of forsign coun- trios and thacolonies, 'They > : WANI ‘‘PROTECITON.” How it will all ond conuot be fore- told. But it is certain that, as fast as the farm-laborers got their oyos open to their rh{hts thoy can nover again bo closed. Meanwhile, the Radicals nro urging tho ennct- mont of o law mnkiug attondauco at school com- I:ulaory in the Threo Kingdoms. The present law i8 very dofective in that respedt, snd is clogged and hampored with the domands of the clorgy to mix up_ dogmatio instruction with seculur hmchlns. But it must bo concedod that more has been done in tho last five years to pro- vide & ganoral systom of instruction for the chil~ dron of the laboring clagses, and of the poor and ignorant, than in tho provious bundrod years, The discovery scems to bo made that it is not so uneafo ond porilous to British ‘‘inati- tutions” and’ the British ** Constitution” to pormit tho children of the *lowor classos to learn to read, write, and cipher, and ac- quire a littlo knnwlodfie of goography, gram- mer, and clemontary history, as it was l°“fi supposod to be by the “ govorning classes.’ But, whiles mojority of the *upner ranks " atill Jook with suspicion on public schools for lower clnasos, and bolioye that ¢ A little loarn- ing is a dangerous thing " in their keeping, they find themaclves ‘ TOWENLESS TO PREVENT IT. ‘There aro a fow Liberal nobles who advocate popular education, and theso ombolden the masses to demand it, In this country no useful ‘measure or progressive idea can be successfully carrlod out wunless it is patronized by some of tho great mnobility. The poople have not yoi loarned to walk alono, or thinlk for themselves. Tho nearest ap}:rouch to indopendent action hns been by tho Labor- Unlons of the citios, but their contests and dis- putes bavo boon with plobolan employers, and not with the divine-tight. HACRED LONDB OF TIE LAND. For the {iret timo the land-laborers have Leon brought to face their-Lords on the question of wagea and personal rights, but only in n sccond- ary dogreo, as tho immodiate conflict is with the tenants, who huve to stand the blows on both. sides, But the sympathies of the Lords aro un- mistakably with the tonaats, becauso that is the sido of thicir interests. It it an ugly quarrel as it stands, and is gathering forco and bitternces, But emancipation from sorfdom must provail, no mattor whothor high renta can be paid to the land-monopolists or not. : —_——— LIKES, ON DEING TOLD DY A YOUNG LADY rmiam BUOI THING AB LOVE. #There is no Love! " my blue-eyed mald, TIs {his the verdict of your heart? Canst thou not see, in sun or shade, Ono charm to bid Life's pulnes slart 7 Canst {hon not seq, tho world uround, In Earth below or Hoaven above, Ono twinkling roy of light abound, ‘Ono sunny trace of lesven-sent Love? “Thero s no Lovel” Ol tell me not That Lifo 16 oll & waste of pnin, Without one green or flow'ry spot T'o chioer tha fainting hoart again ; That 'mid tho descrt’s tracklcss suns No palm.trees grow, no waters epring ; In valo or grave 10 zéphyr bisud ‘Shakos inconso from Lis dewy wing, #Thoro is no Lovol” Oan it bogo? 1s thoro no trength fn Enrth-born teat Can human hoarts o transports know? ‘Can Passion’s vows bo nuught but lles 7 ‘When wildly leaps tho throbbing hoart Tesponsive to tho goft embraco, Whet lip meota lip In guiloless nxt, Canat thou but fulschood ouly trace 7 # Thero {8 no Love 1" In yonder sky Daca novor sun nor star-beam shino; No radinnco dwell in Boauty's eye, No grace in Naiuro's grand design ? In Earth's green fields o tlowera blow, And Penco fiud never o sacred spot ; No breazes blow, 1o xivor flow 2 1f this bo g0, then Love s not, WAB NO # There fa no Tove 1" Across {he main, o distant cifmes, tho wand’rar files, And, changoloss stfll through toll und patn, s light of 1fe s his Mury's oyos, He soca her In tho sunny beam ; IHer voloo makca muslo fn (b wind § ‘His walking thought, his sleoping dreatn, 18 8o, thie maid Lo left belind, Thio years roll on, and back once more, With buoyant Loart, he stema tho tide ; To roat at last,—his truvels 'er,— e sechs ugain Lis Mary's uido, ‘What kopt bis heart thus {onuxr true 7 What urged Lim backyard oler the maln, Youtl'a chierished acenca onca more ta view,— “To elaup by darling mald ngalu? “'Therois no Love !" On yonder plain Of Death, a dylng soldier lea, Iu youllt's first bloom untimely slain ; 1io turn to Hoeaven hia glassy eyes § - In hig cold hund no weapon fell, e ' cluspt no sword or bauner then, But grasps In Deatl, etill chorlshod well, A little tress of glossy hair, What languoge speaks thint littlo tross 7 Tt tolls whnt tongue can uover suy,— OF tear, and slgh, aud fond carcis,— A ead, itk talo Of parting's day, From ome flr nock that {resa was shorn “Thiat woldicr’s (nllsman to bo ¢ Now with him to tho grave it 's borne,— 'Till deatls he kept it fulthtully, # Thora 4 no Love ! Didst thou no'er aigh “To meot ons warm, one kindred soul, ‘Whoe fulthful Leart and curnoat oyo Might chiocr you 68 the yours would roll 7 Did 1iover oneo thy bosom hoave Responsive f0s kindly tono? Didst thou nc'er seb In vows bellove ? "Flien go, puisue thy way—aloue, Mivo, —_———— & Blonted Avmaments.?? The German papora point out that, notwithe standing tho * bloatod army budget” so much complained of, Gorman mmy exponditure ranks but fourths in lho list of great Statos, Russis takoa tho lend, with tho immensa anunal oxpous diture of 144,320,000 thalors (8 francs 70 cone times onch), France follows next, paylng 117,~ 000,000 for army purpouos ; Groat Britalu ranks third, with 105,784,000 thalors ; Gormauy comos insa fourth, with 00,605,407 thalers, ~Austro= Tlungary only dovotes 00,000,000 thalers to mil- tary exponditure; Italy, 44,000,000 Bpain (In Lo, 26,040,000, Turksy, 40,670,000; Bolgiui, 0,893,000 Holland sud uxombourtg. 8,288,000 ; Bweden and Norway, 6,781,000; Por llgll} 5,108, 000; Roumania, 8,007,000 ; Denmark, 8,260, Bwilzorland, 714,000 ; Grooce, 1,703,000 aud Bervia, 1,100,000, RELIGIOUS DEADHEADING, James Parton on the Taxing of Church~Property. % Whatever Properly the Siate Protects Should Contribute s Quota to 1ho State’s Support,”? New York Tribune Report of Proceedings of the Free Rellgion Association, At tho evening sozsion, Jamos Parton read tho following papor : Taxing occlosinstical property is the subjeot proposed for consideration at tho prosont thmo, In this Btato, and, I bollove, In most of the Btaten of tho Union, ohurohes, oollogos, schools, musoums, lbrarics, lospitals, firc-onglne- housos, comoterios, charitablo institutions gon= orally, and tho lands of agrioultural sociotien, aro oxempt from taxation, I am opposed to all oxomptions, Whatover property tho Btato protects ought, [ think, to con- tribnte its proportion to tho Stato's aup- pork. But it is church property with which wo are to ocoupy ouraclvos this ovoning, & kind of property which nowhoro in the world con- tributos aught to the Govornmont that protocts it. America is tho land of oxporimant aud au- dacity. It is right nnd bocoming that hero, for tho firat t1mo, tho proposition should bo delibor- otoly discussed, to DISCONTINUE THIS EXEMPTION. Aud lot no one suppore that this monsure is advovatod horo in & epirit of hostility to churches. A Iarge proportion of tho virtuous pooplo of Ohristondom, and cortainly a very large proportion of all the porsons to whom I have boon most warmly attachod fn the courso of my 1lifo, have beon mombors or froquontora of ohurches. I know the im- portance of tho part which ohurohes play in our modern world, and how much nolaco, admo- nitlon, olovation, and entertalnmont they afford to multitudes of most worthy peoplo in every Iand. But you do not strongthon an institution by pauporizing it, and you do not strongthon it by malking it o fractional part of s paupor, even to the extent of relioving it of its taxos. Anin- stitution exempt from taxation may bo a very good fungus, but it comes short of boing a liv- ing branch. Texing ccelosinstical property, so far from Lolng an injury to tho church, should Dbe ono of thoso just, wiso, and timoly moasures which BENEFIT EVERYIODY AND NIURT NOTODY. It would sond tho sap circulating through tor- pld members ; it would oxtingaish somo fooble lifo, but it would atrongthon and vivify tho fit- tost, which would survive. Aud this, I am in- formad, s the opinion of somo of tho moat influ~ ontial members of the lato Evangel feal Alliance. Consider the atate of things now existing in any ropresentative country town in the United States. Lot mo soleot one in Now England of 10,000 or 15,000 inhabitants, and endeavor to sco how s fair taxation of tho churches wonld work in practico. In this town ore sovon- toon Protestant churches struggling for life. The moral and benovolont activity of tho placo—that noblest part of human toil which is dedicated to tho gemeral good, or to some object in which others share boside our~ solves—this most procious overplus of human enorgy, strictly limited, as it s in smount, is oll:le v expended in keeping tho broath of life in theso BEVENTEEN FEEBLE ORGANIZATIONS, For this tho ladies sow, coutrivo, bog, cook, sing, hold fairs, give entertainmonts, got up Ficmcs, drum for the Sundny-school, aud” move licavon aud oarth, For this seventeon anxious clergymen toil, schomo, and woar out their soula. For this sovouteon soxtons pull tho awful boll, making tho day hideous with horrid noiso. This strain upon the best activity of tho place Is duo to tho smple fact that one-hnlf of theso churches are superfluous. On acertain Sun day, somo manthe ago, o fine day in winter, it was do- tormined by actunl count that tho wholo number of porsous attending theso churches during the day, including tho two services, was 2,800, Tho ontire church-going population would 'bo hand- somoly accommodated in one-half the oxisting edifices, Why, then, do thoy not unite? Itis bocauso nono of thom can uimauccundind'{lng. ‘While there is life thore is hopo. 'Thaylold on, and will hold on, as long as 1t is possiblo for the annual exponse to bo met. The law of tho survival of the fittest hungers for tho oxtinc- tion of half of thom ; but that Inw is balked and frustrated by the oxomption from_ taxatiou, ‘That blessed bankruptey which Mr., Carlyle so juatly oxtols as naturo's remedy for superfluous and mismanaged sctivitios hungs ovor thom, throatening but powerless, bocause they do not have to bear thoir sharo of the publio burdens. AMacbeth was rationally alarmed when obsorve ing that Banquo, though his brains were out, would not dio. It was a dreadful thing, indcod, Nothiog is more necoseary for tho genoral good than that [nstitutions should die When thoy have mot lifo onough to live, in tho midst of theso sevouteen wealk and strup- gling orgnnizations, thero 18 ono which is aboundiug in life, vigor, ontorprise, and resolu- tion— THE BOMAN CATHOLIO ONURCR, usually tho largest and handsomost in tho town, and the only oue which las o full congrogation. Nay, 1t accommodates sovon congregations on each Sunday, Trom 6 in tho morniug until 8 in tho oveniug it is always occuplod, ofton crowded, and once ecrammod, On that Buuday, whon 2,800 persons woro counted in the seventeon Protostant churchios, in this one Catholic church the number was 1,800. Aud of whom are these congrogations compused ? They are comporod chiefly of tho only olusses {u tho United Btates that can eparo one-hal? of their income—domostic servauts and operatives in cotton mills. And thoy do spare one-half. As o class, thoy spend their largo surplus in two ways : First, in oxtonding tho Oatholic Ohurch in Amorica ; socond, in bringing over to America moro Catbalics. Houco the rapid growth of tho Catholle Church and Catholic institutions in the United Btates, In tho manufacturing cities of Now Englaud, they add church Lo church, edifico to edifice, fleld to flold. 'To-day n monastory Ia bogun; now it is n nunnery; mnoxt yoar s new houso for tho pricut ; aud bofure long a cathedral begins slowly to rive nbovo tho houses ot the town. And they know woll the virtuo of lolding land, At tho'very beginulug of s new cntorpriso, Llioy areapt to GO FOIl A LARGL PIECY, OF LAND, with reom enough, nometimen, for conturlonfot growth. Tho roventeen Protestant churclics look on and shaka their hondy, and growl, and forebode ovil in tho futuro; but whilo' thoy are doing 8o the pricsta keop on_quictly converting sorvaut gitls' peunios and doflarn into woll sit~ uated lote and solid magonry. Alroady in wome of our citios tho lamporty belongiug to the Cuth- olio Churel i immonto. In Bt, Louis it i computed at twonty milllons, and in New Yorl, suy within ten miles of tho Uity Hall, I should supposo their proporty would bo valued by, ijuul.!l.‘nx Commisgionors at not loss than oighty millions. Far bp it from mo to blame tho Catholics for publishing tho Interosts of tholr Church with so much enterpiise, encrgy, and tuct, ‘Tholr conduct is just what thelr boliof do- mands of thom. ‘Lhey could not bo good Catho- lica if thoy did mot rogard tho sproad of the Cathollo Church as tho chiof inlorest of man, But tho quostion for us to considor—for ua who nro American citizons fivst, and overything elve socond—is, WHETKER IT 18 DEST, AND BATE, AND RIGHT, that they should go ou thus absorbing the prop- porty of the country. Look abroud!” Ia Hicily, taly, Spain, Moxlco, Poru—in most Catholie countrlos—whovaver you seo an odifleo or group of cdifices that overwhelmg the mind with won- der, cithor for its maguitude or its magnificenco, you many be sure that it is occlesiastical, Tho poople—man, gaored man, to ustho most sacred nh{uct in the univorse—grovels in huts and wallowa in dirt, iu order that tho inanimato God whom ho adores may dwell 1 loft snd gliston with beautiful goms, It {5 a sorr sight 'fora God, a eorry sight! May thl Eurflnn of Amorion never Witnows {t, At the ughmhlq'cr tho Tronch royolution, which was tho most bonoflcont explosion that history ro- cords, two acros out of avery five in all Franco bolonged to the Ohurch, And the Chureh was 80 good o Judgo of land that, in o large numbor of parishos, tho Churoh's two nores wore worth morg than the poople’s three, Franco was then in a condition simflar to that of England bofore Honry VIII broke up the ecolosiactical inatitue tlons and socularizod their yropon{l that iy, atopped exompting it from taxation, Now, there aro but two conceivable wayu in which the fn- croage of ~Oatholic property can bo Lopt within safo, just, sud ressonable bounds in tho Unitod Btatos, and the country be saved from the negausity of a Honry VIIL or a Fronoh Rov~ olution, Que ia by dosiroyiug popular faith in tomples, tha fictions upon which tho external patt of the Catholis syatom rests, Dut this will bo a slow process. Ttcoan only result from the gradunl advouce of our rago in knowlodge, henlth, hap- pinoss, dignity, nnd courage, And it will be the more slow bocauea Iarge numbors of tho Prot- oetanta still adhoro to soveral of the grosser and leas plotureaque of theso flotiona. ut the othor mothod fs simply to TAX ALL ECOLESIASTIOAL PROPERTY a8 othor property ls tuxod, Lot overy tub atand upon its own bottom. Letall tho property, L ropont, which the Btato protoots pay its ‘iuub pro- portion to tho State's support. Oathollcs thom- Bolves, it thoy will study tho past, cannot {ntel- llgout‘y objoct to this moasure, bocauso it would supply tho groat lack in thelr systom. Viewod maroly ag an organization, tho Roman Catholis Cliuroh hiaa only ono sorious dofoot: thore is no valnlnu in it ngainat its oxcensivo dovelopmont, Ionco wo find tn tho citios of tho south of Eu- ropo and of Bouth Amorica such swarmaof ocgle- sinatics,suol mossos of colcafastical proporty,that Catholics thomuolvos, dovout and falthful Catho- 1ios, aro among_tho foromost in urging a rodug- ton of tho ocolesinstioal ordora, Thoro ia only ono Justand anre modo of frncuudln(; in this mattor. It {s to add ovory portion of tho Churol's ostato to tho tax-list, Alarge portion of what raligion includes may bo classod under the head of luxury, and who will deny THAT LUXURIES ANE FAIR ODJECTS OF TAXATION? In roliglon, ss in common lifo, there s tho broad nud moat, and thers is slso the tur- tlo nnd tho ohampagno; thera i the poor man's fustian nn{] the rich Iady's velvot. Considor our Trinity Ohurch, for oxamplo, &0 plonsiug an objaot to us all, ot tho Lioad of Wall Atraet, A fow yonrs ago tha attondance at this costly temple on Bunday was o small that you might havo tried Carlylo’s oxporimont—firo a pistol across the churel, in at one window and out at anothor—without much dangor ot hittin, o Olristian, Of Iate yoars, on tho contrary, it is ofton well-attondod, and somotimos crowded, I once askod tho olorgyman in chargo of tho churcl, tho late lamentod Dr. Vinton—a geninl soul—what ho thought was tho renson of this romarkable lnumniufin tho congrogation. His robust and honosy ansyer was thiy: * Tho blessing of God on good music.” Thoy have, ns you know, & vory fino organ, n highly-accom- plishod organist, a choir of highly-trained mon and boys to sing, on orchestra of stringed . and wind instruments, a benutiful cliime of bolla and soveral clergymon trained to chant the sorvice in harmony with the mosio. I supposa tho entire performance cannot cost loss than 91,000 o Bunday. I haye nn{oyall it. once or twico very muoh, and I always rocom- mend frionds visiting tho- city by mno moaus to overlook thia intoresting lion, Nay, moro, I honor. the principle of employ- ing the fine arts in_ihe most elovated nct of the bumsu mind. Xt it devolved ::Fon me to cronte a Ohurch, its servicos shouid bo in part the moat mognificont oxhibition of all thnt man has ever accomplished in tho way of _architecturo, painting, soulpturo, pootry and cloquonce; for omg of my objecta should be to oxalt and glorify man. But nover would T url[:plu and_degrode my Church by putting it on the free liet, by throwing auy patt of tho burden of supporting it upon follow- -citizons who chorieh porhaps tho moat opposite 1dons, who would hold in contempt or aversion all tho splendors of my templo, &)ru!urrinu plain benches, walls unadorned, and metry camp- meoting hymns, Now, in tho way of musio, tho groatest beno- factors tho people -of tho United Statos have cver hnown, next to tho groat Europosn com- K?“m' aro such mon a3 Theodoro Thomas, Max nrotzok, Oarl Zerraln, and others of their class, Thoy do more in a woek of their lives to promoto among us s lovo of good music than Lrinity Church Lias over accomplished during tho wholo_ poriod of its oxistence; and this they Liave dono in tho most logitimate and honorablo way, n8 their chosen mode of earning their live- libood. But theso gentlomen aro E TAXED EVEGY TIME THEY LIFT THEIR BATONS. Livery hall and opora-house in which they por- form is taxed. Burely, if any musicizn should be exompt, it shonld not be thoe clergy and or- chostra of Trinity Church, tho sorvants of a rich corporation, but Thowmas, Marotzek, and Zot-~ ralin, who minister to the onjoyment aud ele- vato the taste of millions of thair follow-citizens ovory yoor. How boavily rosts tho burdon of lifo upon the shouldors, and upon ihe hoart, 1o, of an avorago citizon and virtuous fathor of o family! For ton yosrs ko toils and saves, denylnfi himsgelf many alluring enjoyments, in order that ho may make & firat payment upon nmodest homo for thoso ho loves, worlka and saves for another five yoars to pay off tho mortgago. Whenall this is done, when hoigat last tho proud possessor of tho nest that shelters his family, ho goos like a man evory Novembor and smyu o tax upon it, from $100° to #300.- Tho littlo houso iu which I havo lived for the last fifteon yoara I shail havo to pay & tax upon In fiftoon days of about £220. It was nbout this lagt year, and_in New York revolutions novor go backward. But right before my eyes, asI used to come down tho stops, risce o lofty and Juxurious edifice, tho proporty of a fow rich men, which they ouly cure to uso four Lours a week. It is worth, I sup- poso, bulf a million dollara ; and if it woro fairly toxed it would placo in Mr. Green's {ronsury in iho courso of next month not less than $10,000. But it WILL NOT PAY HIM ONE DOLLAR, because it bas two steeples upon it, and ianamed in honor of the Patron Baint of England, who slow the dragon, But mark: if & mob-should ‘burn it, the tax-payoers of Now York would be ox- ectod to pay overy dollar of tho damage, At {lulu moment & number of very worthy gentlemen, who 6tand justly high in this com- munity, are building in‘the Fifth avenue an odi- fice for their Sundny edification which is to cost about $800,000, Tho land alons cost $350,000, These gontlomen havo o perfect right to build this clogant and costly church if thoy cari afford it, aud it it accords with the principles of thoir religion, of which they nlone nre to bo judges; I moroly wish to remark that churches of this churacter may fairly bo classod as luxuries, and, oy such, ore poculiarly adaptod to taxation. Slany gobd Clirlatians desply Iament tho oxpondt: turo of 80 much monoy upon odifices which min- istor to tho desires of ‘so few, and to those fow during only a fow hours in every week: But I toll those ITsmonting Ohristians that the only way to keop within bounds the eroction of theso cost tly clurchos Ia to subject them to JUST AND EQUAL TAXATION, Tho Tribune tolls us that our Episcopal breth~ ren aro about to orect in this city a cathodral thiat is to cost two millions of dollars. It will most likely cost five; and thore is ono gentle- man interested in tho sohomo who could build it outright, gold candlesticks and all, by assigning to it his surplus iucomo for two yoars, Among tho subsariptions alroady reccived are two of & hundred thousand cach. I would put it to the justico of the American pooplo, and T would sub- mit it to tho hunvg-lmlnn tax-payers of Now York, if it is fair to fhe laboring men of tins city to oxempt such an edifico a8 thut from taxation. If it is to bo oxompt from the chargo of support- ing tho Govermmont, then the Government ought to Lo exempt from tho charge of support- ing it. Thero i a particular reason wb{‘ this sul {ncl should bo considered now., Bvery contury has -its pet virtno; ours is be- novolonca, The works of the philauthro- pluia sppeal 0 poworfully to the heart and so kindlo the imagination that it is ansy for ua to attach dn exaggorated value to them. In truth, no virtue necds more instruoting, rostrain- ing, snd guiding than bonevolence. Lf I may trust my own very limitod obsorvation of. life, [ should ey that, gonerally, a very benovolent charaoter B 18 A WEAR CITARAGTER, A woalc charactor Is, usually, oxtromoly sennitive to ho approbation of othors, runs reudily to vanity aud an ignoblo lust of glory, and in ite oxtrome dovelopment is not far from madnoss, ‘Tho strong are just. And justios is a far roror, uobler, lugher, moro dificult thing than benev- olonce, But benovolonco boing the popular virtue of tho contury, thore is n gonoral pro- ponelty to win its easy and lavish honors, Mard old monoy-makers, ‘aftor & long lifo of hard dealing, amuso & droary, childloss, friondlom, lovoless old age, by founding institutions, of which wo linve too mauy slrondy, and cousigning masses of ill-gotien proporty {o the epollation sud mismanagement of trustoos. A just taxation of these institutionswill but Invigorate thoso which hayo » right to oxist, aml firudunlly extinguisl thoso whiol novor ouxht lo nvo been culled into being, Amerioa hau boon the YABADISE OF DEAD-UEADH, Porhaps all good dead-bomds in othor lnnds, when they liave died, havo como to Amerlea; snd we know for » cortainty that many have Loen translatod horo without going throngh the corawmony of dying. Dond-hondism 1n tho United Btatos has boon a causo of wido-uproad domorali- zation, All Washington was moro or lous core rupted by it, 'The franks of members of Cone gross usod to lio sbout overywhore, and_pooplo prow rich upon tho maro wisto of tho Gupltol, 4 to rallroad Yuuuou, Iwus onca told that no- body but a fool ovor pald his faro, Jiuse was the slavo that pald. Hutof Into wo Lave boon mukivg an offort to ohango all this, ‘Tho lato Howaco Grooloy wan one of tho firut to sot hin faco against the dond-hoad prineiplo nall its manifostations, ‘;olu‘i B0 far w to put down Lis 4 conty ovory thno hio took o oopy of the Tribune from tho vounter of his own ofico. Whou the lato Ioraco I, Olark offored him In Chioago & fr00 pass to Now York Lo rofused 1t, and donouncod, with his usual yelemenoo, the Then be ontlre mystom of irylng (o got somothing for nothing. Tho frlnklur’prfvilegfhu been nl:o“llah- od. Miloago is cilowed no more. I'roo stationory and penkulvos aro a rominisconos, Thore thrae great moasures of roform suflioa to rodoom what- ovor orrors of judgmont the Inst Congross may bavo committed. o railrond corporations aro making a vigorous offort to broak up tho fraud- ulent syatom of freo prsses. Conduators of news- pnpora no longor quartor membors of tholr stafl upon hotols, “The 100 list Is ovorywhero and in ovorything suu}wllng to (int‘snnpmulud. It ro- 1mains Lo oraso from our statuto books the entire cltnlolilln of oxemptions from tnxation, and to adopt it a8 an inviolablo prinaiple that whatever Pproperty tho Stato protests ahall contribute ita quota to tho Biate's support, or, it the churches rmhlnstitulmus profor it,—no taxation, no pro- cction, —_—— BISHOP TOZER. How o Prosbyterian Jonrnal & Goes for? Iim, Our rondors havo not forgotten the ridfonlous loiter of Dishop Tozor to Bishop Potbor in rola- tion to tho communing of the Doan of Canter- bury with his brothron of tho Evangolieal Alll. nnco in Dr. Adams’ (Prosbytorian) church, The atald Now York Ubserver grows facotious' at the oxponso of tho Bishop. Itsnys: It was supposcd by many that this loltor was a hoax. Thero wero some good reasons for think- ing o, Iow remombored of such n man as Tozer, And it was quito unlikoly that in Zanzi- bay, tho last stronghold of the alave trade, thoro was a live Bishop, or had boon, But more than this, & bottor reason for thinking it o honx was tho honost conviction of ovory sano Amorican ronder of the morning newspapers, that thore could not be & sano man 8o foolish a8 to write such a lottor. Hors were throo good rensons for belioving that tho Tozor letter was & hoax, and that somebody had put a libol on * 118 Wesk Twonty-third stroot'’ by dating such » lotter at that number, Yot Tozor is & living fact : & man, not much, but still Tozor ja ; and Tozor was; for Stauloy found hiw, crimson roboa and all, in Zauzibar, and this is the way he doscribes him ‘*In a great tall housio with a cortain grandeur of ynstuoss about 1t, toppoed with the queorost of all stooplas, eituatod on Shangani Point, Bishop Pozor, his disciplos, his choristors, aud ‘his flock bave found oxaollont quartors. Tho Bishop, Who styles himuolf * Missionary Bishop of Con: tral Africa,' is ouo of tho politest mon I ever know. X boliovo ho ia callod the fighting par~ Bon plagiaristic appollation whon bestowed on him, since Dr. Livingstone firat received it from tiio Duke of Wellington. Bishop, "Tozor, however, issald to have fought an insolont rowdy, on his way to church ; snd, nftor having punished him at a boxing , offered to punish his companions one aftor another in the Bamo way, which offer was rofused. ‘Thia foat of pugilism by Bishop Tozer converted thero wolves into lambs, aud won for him the title of I“D].IDE, and tho happy sinecuro e holds, **T'ho Bishop in his crimson robe, and with his sacordotal title, * Misuionary Bishop of Contral Afrion’ (why ho should bo 80. named I eannot conceivo), s ronched tho bourne of aspiring riostnoad, aud is consaquontly Inoftably happy. ut this High Church (vory High Chureh in deod) prelate, in hia crimson robs of oflico, and i the queorost of all hoad-dresses, seen stalking through tho strocts of Zouzibar, or heggling ovar the prica of & tin-pot at a tinker's stall, in the most ridicnlous sight I have scen anywhore outside of & clown show. I, usa whito mau, solomnly protost against tho absurdity." This is tho maa who hLas wandered from Lis appropriste place, having lost his bishoprio, Low or ‘why wo know not, and, turning up in tho City of New York this blessod sutumn, is appilled by boing told that the Dean of Canterbury has ofiiciated with ministera of vatious donominations in a com- munion sorvice in & Presbyterian church!{] It ig swful; Can the honvens stand nnd such things bo? Not tho horrors of tho slave-trade in his Inte bishopric Lad so harrowed his righteous soul. He could tear himeolf away from tho naked nogroes dying in sin, and como, without sighiug, to the Goapol-lightod shoros of Now York, where his labors are as needloss na conls in Zauzibar, Evon in the darkost depths of savage Africa, Wwhere human victims bleed to l}ipnmm tho gods when a chieftain dics, the direst hoathoniem had 1o power to rouse tho sympnthies of Tozor's hoart, He turns lus back upon them all, and comes to the United Btates, whero he is suddonly and fenrfully con- fronted with tho awful spoctacle of Christians of varioua denominations communing togothor with tho Dean of Canterbury in the midst of thom! 1] Tozor wag not much ‘against tho henthen, but be will bruise tho Dean in & mortar and toll the Archbishop of him. Ho will first sot good Dr, Pottor at bim, and to tickle tho Bishop he will call him * My Lord " and ** Your Lordship.” If “Lozor knowa nuything, Lo knows it is as groat an importinenco to nddress & gentloman by g title that doos not belong to him, ae it would bo to omit tho ono which was his_right. To nddress an American oitizon as ** My Lord " is, therofore, an insult, and shows that Tozer either thought to flatter Bishop Potter by its improper use, or in his ignorance, which is the moro probablo, did not know any better, Tozor's distressin the matter would compol our pity if his ery were not so ridicutous, 'To Inugh at the miscrics of others is not amiable, but the groatost of Latin poots makes one of Lis horoes oxclaim, ** Who while relating such grief can restrain his tears ?” And wo in our wonkness say, *“Who can read poor Tozor's tribuh:fiom and keep from laughing?” We canuot, ‘Fozer comes among us whon heaven and oarth aro moved by themajouticspactaclaof the great, aud wiso, aud good mon, out of all lands, Chrigtiang from™ many climes, and of many colors and races, ono in Christ, raised by the wer of the foly Ghost abovo sl tho littlo lintinotions of sect aud party, gathoring about tho tablo of their common Lord and Master, whoso blood vas shed for their salvation. Tozor is dumbfounded, That were enough to over- whelm Tozor. But worse than all,—alas that his oyea 6o it and his ears hear it,—tho Doan of Cnutorbury is o the midst of them, rojoicing in tho liberty of tho Gospol, mtuullfi comimuninj 8 with - Adsms, and Smufihtmx, and Harrison, an tho groat Daptist scholar' Apgus, Even the walls of ¢ close communion” have fallen . bo- fore the power of truth, and thig loarned Baptist divino, who is ono of the crudito men ongaged in revising the translation of the Bible, even Dr. Angus has learnod that the Bible is on the sido of froo communion with all who are in Christ Josus, and ho comee with his friends the Pres- bytorions, and with tho converted Hindoo and holy mon_of all namos, aud there thoy are one faully, tho childron 'of God, at their clder brothor's tablo, * And Tozor is frightened, For tho Desn is thoro too, Now, says Tozor, this thing will nover do. I will writo s Jettor about it to the Arohbishop of Canterbury aud to Bishop Pottor. I Lkuow that Bishop Pottor has yory little pluck, and_he will bo very apt to lot the matter. nmmli; aloue, as tho bost way to disposo of it; for he knowa that no canon law of his Church can touch the Dean of Onnlerhurr but I will addross him with the pompous {itlo of i My Lord Bishop" and stir Bim up to make o noize about it, and sond the Doan home in disgrace undor tho con- sura of tho Right Rov. Biskiop Potter, 8o thought "ozer and so wroto Tozer, and the papers print- ed Tozor's lottor, and all Now York laughed at ‘Tozor, and wo remembered reading about him in Btanley's book, and wo thought it would amusa our ronders to seo how Tozer disportod himself what timo ho was Lord Bishop of the happy land of Zanzibar, I'oor Tozer! Tho first timo you openod your mouth among us you put your Took iu it. You have mistakon your latiiude and longitudo both, You aro in New York, The Evangelical Allinnco hns beeu horo, It g the venr 1873, Buoh nonscnse an you preach to * My ord Bishiop Potter " died out long ago, and the Evangelioal Alliauce colebrated its funcral, CGo back to Zanzibar. If you could go baok to the tonth century it would Lo well, but ns_you can- not, do go to Zauzibar. It {s very dark thero, and viows liko yours look bost in the dark. —_— Mark Twain on the Sandwich andw, Ar, Twain writes aa followa to tho editor of tho London Standard: ® *8ir: Inviow of the provailing frenzy cons vornfug the Sandwich Inlauds, and the inflamod deairo of the publio to aoquire inifurmation con. corning thom, 1Liwvo thought it well to tarry yot anothior weok In Iuglaud, and deliver a looturo upon this absorbing subjoct, And loat it be thought unbecoming in mo, a stranger, to come to tho publlo reaotio &b suich a time, instond of lonving !u ablor handy & matter of so much mo- ment, I desira to oxplain that I .do it with tho beat of motives and tho most honarable {nten- tfons. Idoitbocauso I am conviuced that no ono can allay this unwholosome oxeitemont ns offoutually as Toan ¢ and to allny it, and allay it as quiokly a8 pouunflo, in suroly tho one thin; that is nocessary at this juncture, I fool an Lnow that I am oqual to this task, for I can allny any kind of an oxoltement by losturing upon it. I have saved many communitios m this way, 1 hiavoalways boon able to paralyzo the publle Intorest in’ any toYlu hat T ohooso to tako hold of and oluoldato with all my strongth, #loping that this uxsluunuou will show that 1f T am soening to intrudo L am at loast doing it from a high impulso, X am, sir, your obudlent sorvaut, Mank Twa, “Lawnox, Oot, T Asl= SALMON P. CHASE. Oharacteristics of the Ohief-Justice. Late is Punctunlity, System, Perseverance, Will, and Personal Dignitysse Xack of Humor.-.8iyle in Writing, Demorest Litoyd in the Atlantic Monthly for November. Mr, Chaso's private lifo fow mon camo to know ; comparatively fow wero allowed to entor it. It was qulet, and itw sooming unoventful- noss way duo as muoh to tho savoro simpliclty of hin taatos as to the limited sizo of hia homo clr- ole, But no ono whoso priviloge it was to pono- trato it could fail to obrorve at work the socrot procosges which mado his lifo so fruitful in re- sults, Mr. Chnaa's abilitien, without what o fow know tobo his systematic habits, would have mide him succossful ; his mothods, without his abilitios, would havo gained him distinction, if it bo true that gonine is mostly hard work ; but his abilitios, alded by his habits, mado it impossible that ho should fail. Ho galnod his officinl stations—cortainly tho Jast two and groatost—simply by force of what scomed to bo his inhorent .powers, for ho know littlo of the ways of politicians, and was incapablo of the arts of chicano; but it would bo robbing such a lifs of half ats virtus for oxample and encouragoment, shonld wo over- look tho well-planned and woll-accomplishod Inbor which characterized it from beginning to close. Tirst among his methods, he himself placed TUNOTUALITY AND SYSTEM. Ho wasss truo to engagomonts ag he was to his promise in overything, and showed tho ssme alacrity in keeping sn appointment with some ono who waa depondont upon him as with ono of high social dignity. It was bis pride to be at his post at the hour of duty, whatever it might be. He waa nover late on tho Supromo Court bonoh until one morning last wintor, when hin wotch was tho real offondor, And in tbis, as in overything else, whilo ho domandod nothing from othera ho could not do himaolf, he oxacted a rigid fulfillmont of duty. Ho had no charity for lato-rising, tardinoss, or sniftleas- ness, Howas always a striot coonomiat of timo, and fixed, with a rule that knew little varintion, the periods at which his day should begin and ond. In hiswork systom was s necessily. Hia labit of prosorving and arranging papors, ac- quired no doubt in publio life, ho continued and oxpanded in private matters as well, Ho seldom dostroyed anything, whethor lotter, pamphlot, book, or circulsr. This methodical habit has mado his collection of political papers ono of great value, It is s storohiouse of much of the 'vast uncollated and undigested history of tho timos fn which Lo lived. Pamphlets, . reporta speschen, nowspaper-cuttings, miscollaneous colloctions of all , Linds indicate his provident turn of mind, His dlaries he kopt with grost minutoness and care, and continued . them even whon it had become a labor to hold his pen. Thoy covor the wholo poriod of his active lifo, and, though thore are somotimos short gaps in-them, thoy form, in connection with his other papers, a circumstantial personal history, which is_equaled by that of fow men in our annals. Locked in theso troasure-houses ia much of the sacret and momentous history of war times, which may some day mnko or mar the famo of many & man, llvlui and dead. One of his wiso habits, exhibiting Lis charactoristic cau- tion, was that of requiring every proposition of any kind that was submittod to him TO DE MADE IN WRITING, A proposal in rolation to his farm; the dimon- pions of anything and everything—must bo carefully stafed on paper, This was invariable with him. Good n¢ his momory was, ho naver relied upon it when he could do otherwise, and would evon require his seorotary to take shorte hand notes of & neighbor's convorsation to retain his information upon farming topics. Among the manifestations of his carofnl and philo~ sophical atudy of politica are old quartos in his library, in which are recorded votes and majori- ties in the .different Btatcs, on inetanco of the compilation of yoar-books, long befors such things were the product of evory metropolitan rons. Of courso, in tho crush of publio I:ualness be used other hands than his ownin his necessary work, but he wrote himself with gront rapidity and ense, though _ with ~a corrésponding loss in legibility. His writing, when in health, wes s poculiarly elantio, dalicate, and almost Tanciful hand. After his paralytio attack when for a length of timo bis pen was a burden, his hand was shorn of ita curves, and became plain and heavy, though still elogant, At this poriod it waa very condensed and minute, and occupied little more E{’ucn then printed lotters. His desk always oxhibited characteristic order. He had no toleration for loosencss or shiftlessness in such matters, and was ‘“fi; martinot over hia writing materials, Everything was to be in ita propor place, nnd _everything had it proper place asaigned 1t. Theso things are only worthy of montion as indications of tha character of tho man. The ordor of his desk was but & type of thie ordor ho anforood on larger flolds, To his :flstam and promptness, ho added the groat quality of 4 TERSEVERANOE, Ho was an nnflagging worker, though often desultory, Although ke somotiges forsook one lino of labor for auothor, and then porhaps abandoned that fora third, he invariably ro- turned to the first, and comploted, eithor im- modiately or after an intorval, anythiog he had set bimsolf to do. Ho Lad the power of cou- tinued, persistont, and unromitting lsbor, which supoerficial and untrained workers could not fol- low. Whuen in the Treasury, midnight and early morning often found him at his desk; and with all the weight of the hazardous and critioal transactions of thoso times bearing upon him, he could still work when socretaries an clerks broke down. It haa often baon assorted, and with a frunt show of trath, that. tho strain of body and brain to which he was here subjected, and which he waa too conscion- tlous not to moot, first impaired the strength which gavo way in 1870, never to bo fully restor- ed, But on tho other hand, thera ara those who boifovo that tho suddon dlsmantliog of powor and privilego which followed his retiremont, and the cossation of tho engrousiug, oxciting work of tho war, first sot in motion tho great reaction, Thoro can be no doubt that the assassination of Ar. Lincoln had & marked influence upou him. Thoso who carried tho mows to him evidently Inokod words to desoribe tho horror which they saw come ovor him, He was in bed reading, as ho gensrally did, his prayer-book by the light of & liftlo candle; and upon tho mind sinking into uiet after tho labora of the day, and filled with thoughts of devotion, came tho news with a rude and torriblo whock, Hia will was his great powor. This facnlty in him, probably more thau auy other, contributed to his success. It was dominating and indomit- able ; it yiolded to no man and to no force; its rnmlnlnnfiy ‘was measured only by tho length of ho task to be ncoomplished, and its firmunosa ipcreased with the woight of intorest that do- I)unflud upon it, and whilo it no doubt shortenod his life, it again proloaged it The tension of tho war was wondorfully sustainod,the styvong will ruled trlumphant over the strong body; but 1t wa n strafn which could not last forever, Then followed tho intonse application to books and work which succeedod 'his accossion to the Bonch, and the combined welght doon began to toll, All through theso exciting and arduous poriods ho held Limeolt firmly to his post. Then camo tha great shock that prostrated him, and firat sot tho term boyond which he could hardly onduro, At this, the will turned to ropair its QWD ravages, All its own force was now bont in the opposite direction of recovering his honlth, His food, his hours of rising, oxorciso, retiring, his con- tinunuce at work, were regulated with procision and tho rules infloxibly kopt, By this caroful ministoriug ho slowly brought himself up to comparative slruu[il.h, and flually lifted himself upou the Dench. It a a question whothor hia wisest courso would not havo beon to pass the rost of his days in quiet, and there can be littlo doubt, from a number of his expressions, that, had Congress passed a law pormitting tho rotirement of Judgos at 65 upon their salaries,.ho would hava serfously oonsidored the wisdom of such a stop, He certainly at ono timo folt an intoreat in legislation lauking to that end. Lut whilo ne waa on the aobivo roll, ho was too proud to geem negleetful of his work, and too cousoientions to receive even the disgraceful ati- pend tho Ropublic dolos out to her sorvaats, without rondoring what oquivalont he could, T'hat was rondered wxupu!ouully to the vory last; and, uonulderlng the faithful induatry ‘of lus whole career and the helght and nobllity of that memorable lifo and fi gure, there was, n gomoLhiug fltiog fn s waadon orra i t;flm Le wont down, He was intollectually BTRONG RATHER TITAR QUIOK, Tho charactoristics of hia mind werae all practioal, rathor than ahowy, and thore was o littlo (lige play and so much of caution in its nctlon that it somotimos roomed a little slow ; but its decision soldom needed to bo rovorsed. Ifis memory was always gond, and fn early 11f0 saoms to huvy beon romarknbly rotentlve, His imagination, whathor he roprossed, or bhecause ha hid its workings, soldom discovered itaolf. Iin gracos acorvod alimont ot of place auld stioh Hisen e machinery. Iis ronnanlng Ecwumm.-ro great by oature and education. They were bold and oroative. His mind know no grovvos. X Fow who over saw Mr. Chaso would nood to, bo reminded of his persousl dignity, It was th natural oxprossion of o rann who was conaciou of hia gront-abllitios and whounconselously thus shadowed them forth, Its naturalnoss waa ovine. od by its continuousnesa, .Br, Chaso at homo, in his library, was vory littlo differont from thy COhiof-Tuntice on’ the bonoh, savo that ho ha Enrted with his gown, 1o could not have lefi in dignity bohind him with that solitary symbol of hia offite if ho had wished; it was aa natural to him a4 ita roverso was somotimea to others. This presonco, which was insoparablo from hi; or any coucoption of Lim, scems to hav surrounded him from the firat, Ilis voi schoolmates folt it, and his assooclatos on th Bonch woro not froo from s influcnco, It was » badge of superiority that all men scomed t: acknowledgo. His apposranco fell with s husl on crowds. Such an ordor-sompolling facult; mado him & un{mrh proaidin; fl}::nn is nma torly conduct of the impeachmont trinl is tor much of & hiouschold story to need doscription g its impartiahiy, kindliness, firmucsa, and. (fignh can bo seon even through tho dense modium of the vorbatim roports. tho slightost parli mentary details he roquired thoso who did no! feol tho solomnity of the: prococding i which lhu{ wero eogagod to approcisto it.) Neither in public mor at omo di ho {:ormlt any nogloct of tho obsorvancea duo himself, and ho resonted any such noglis gence with spirit. An incidont llustrating this ocourred also during the trial. One of the most prominent of the managers put a question of conaidarable longth to tho Senato, which tha Chiof-Justico raquestod that *tho Honorablel Managor put in writing."” But the lattor took no! notice of the xegueat. Tho Ohiol-Justico flulutly ropeatod it : It will'be necossary to re« ico thoe question to wriling, in ordoer that Tz’ may be pubmitted to tho Sonate.” The porti= naclous talkor still went on, and then came the burat ho might have expoctad : ** Docs the Honor- #ble Mannager rofuse to put his question in writ~ g ?"" It was an omplasis to which no italica could do justico, Gon, Butlor sat down as if La expected novor to got up again, nuyon seemod tobe a little developed characteristia with bim. Tho marvelous ramitieations of tho modern joko aforded him but little smusomont 3 it was nover an easy matter to mako him lsugl but at the samo time his enjoyment of broa humor was often hcnrt{ andgonuine. And yot ha soldom told a story without u&nfllnf it. An in¢ stance of this he once rolated himseif in rehonra« ing old sconcs with a friond who had beon hix ally in many a political campaigu, In making a stumping tour together thoy had used a pecus lisrly spt and good story in common, and) to divide it foirly, told it'on alternate days, o _ndded, with & grim smile, * B— nlways mado the peoplo laugh, but I never could.” Al~ though extremol; eonsitivo to ridioule, such ns naws[mpnm might somotimes attempt, ho now and thon would toll & good story agaings him= #olf; and ono of tho most amusing of theso was an incidont of his administration a8 Governor of Ohio. Duringf his firat term, » man of weok mind had killed a noighbor, and was sentoncod to a long torm of Imprisonment, but, on tho urgent reprosontations of many citizens, was ardoned by Governor Chuso, Soon after, tha ot contest for and against his re-olection bos an; and on election day, whilo tho voto was bo- fi;g closely watched by ‘oxcited partisans, {ha pordoned ‘man presouted himself at tho polla with a Payno ticket in hig hand. * What | ox= claimod somo one in astonishment, '* are you go Ing to voto against the man who pardonod you 2 0, Choge hes pardoned tao muny sooundrols i wag his rendy roply. Mr. Choso had no very groat fondness for comio literaturo, and still losa when it was discussed or read at what ho con~ sldorad Inapproprinte times. Probably no more prominent instanco of this could bo given than the firat Cabinet meoting at which ha was proos ent after the Emancipation Proclamation bad boon drafted. Ho como oxpecting to ald in the transaction of = important business, and saw DBir. Lincoln _take from bis desk a copy of Artemua War and heord him gravoly read, as if by way of whimsical contrast to the vital business nwaiting discussion, & chapter for tho benoflt of his ns~ sembled counsellors. Mr, Chase, in rolating the incident, snid in & quiot way that be lost pa= tionco at it, snd probably his disapproval was not unoxprossed. I8 STYLE IN WRITING was conclse and chnste. Ho wrote carefully, plainly, and scourately. In bis oficinl documionts t would be hard to find on unnccessary or monningless word, He was tho most remorse- loss oditor of his Emducllons, and would ernse line after lino, and pago aftes pago; his legal opinions, models of clear, good English, would ~ somos times ba written, bK his own or another's_hand,’ four or flve times bofore they attained the dn- Eroa of brovity and clearnass requisite to sccura i8 approval. ~ A manuscript opinion which le had j‘:\st oorrected often looked moro like a music-gcore than a legal documont. Bo far did he carry this Ylnlning procoss that some of hia g#lnlnua, 28 { nr stand in tho later yolumes of allaco, secm slmost bald and insignificant; tho briof statement of facts with which they wera gonorally prefaced being soparated, leaves tho opinion proper of very modest longth, But - the verbosity of Judgos and law< yers was somotlung he Inmented and stroyo to corract. And to thia fecling is due not only the brovity and tersencss of these opinions, but another striking poculiaritn —tho almoat entire absence of law terms. Tho cflflnlonu aro for tho moat part as intelligiblo to thoso who are ifinornnt of thelawas to those who aro versod In it. This simplicity was not only in nccordance with his stralghtforward stylo, but was tho rosult of covstant care and watohfulness. Not only wore Lulin torms ban- ished go fur a8 poasible, but ho abjured oveu the comparativoly unoffonding and popular particlo, * sald." His own will ig the last and_most con= Yincinginstanco of this habit. It makos o nume ber of bequests, and covers something more than » page of lattor-paper written in a liberal hand. —_— THE ANGEL'S JUDGMENT. Upon the eva of God's ono thousnnd years, Svonus, the Archangel, was enjofiied To visit Earth and other ripencd npliores, Aud equalizo tho happlness of oroature-kind, Almighty strepgth was givon to bt hands § His oyes had visiou to discern ull causs ; Tig ipa recalvod tho anguago oful landa | And faultloss Judgment livod within his brows, Tio found o Divon and Lasarun of that dny With but the moagro thickuoss of a wal Botwocn ono's fonsted atupor, and tho other, proy To deapeat, fouleat want that could befull, 4 What wanteat thou, my son 7 * he asked'of Dives, And uhowed the soul of God benenth i pluuod, X could not tell for twice ten thousand lives,” Dives answerad ; * yet on dreary as tho tombe “4Thout seeat my fruitioss belng, Angol great 1" 4 Thou neadst a want to make thoa woll content,” Tiie Angol spako, and on his forchoad sate . Aburning scorn with heavenly pity blent “@o to1 mako Tazarus' wanta thino own, my son, This night] To.morrow duwneth God's fong eacg Wheroin all'solfish surplus men own Bhall bo as hoarded mauna in tho wildorness " ‘Whers thickest warmth robounded from the wall, Evouus splod tho boggar In ia voll-woru ploca? " Thy wante, my son,” be aeked, “Id luow them all Whoreto the ofher faltored, through & yawning face: : # Alas1 my wnta are thickor than tho stars, But, semeth e, I should bo well content If Divoa would thfow out largor crumbs of battes L With loss'of surly grudging thoreanont,” 44 Ts Dives in debt to thee, O thriftloss one 7" Tojoined tho good Arehsugel, with a frown ; 4 Thou neodest mortal cara and providece, ny'son, “To hoard what good tha hicavon show'rotl down, “To.morrow, Qo' ust peace begina to relgn, d cruiabe' trom’ Dives oo s otckn e For uneursiod broad hencoforth o 1ifo 1 vals, Au stoua 10 firc, o8 malsors to tho soa 1 ‘Whifch 881d, tho angol mountod 1fke 8 pyra Qf golder flamo, uud woud'ring Tazatus sasw Boncath Lis plumas, contirmed b holy fire, The soal of God, that made his bidding law ! Thonceforth, at honest toll fu many lands, 5 ‘Through his allotted yuars, (ho beggur wronght Aud Dives wont seoking him with liboral hands Frow shoro to shore, but found Lim not, And both, far happler than thoy wero hoforo, Though dnmyplhlt thoy nnzu u the wravgling uys, : Thanked od, and bloased tho Angel mora ond more ‘Who sleraly ach thels foet in fruliful vays, Boysx U, Qaxroell,