Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 5, 1873, Page 6

"CHICAGO' TERMS OF THE :I‘RIB\)NE- A 7 TENMA OF BUBBORITTION m.;:nm e Anvnl;l). 10 D by 2 unday. 82! Tarts of 8 yonr at the ssma rafo, £ To prosont dulny and iistakes, bo suro and give Post Off conddicss fi tull, including Btato and Connts. Remittancos way bo mda oithor by deatt, oxpross, Post Dfico oxdor, or in registered lottors, AL our sk, % 3 TRNMR TV O1TY BUNBCRILERS, Poily, delisesed, Suudsy oxcopted, 2 conte per wooks ! vorod, Bunday included,” R0 cants por wooks TIE TRIBUNG QOMPANY, ‘Corusor Madison aud Dearborn-sta,, Uhloako, Il TO-MORROW'S AMUSEMENTS, a) Ada: t¥'S THEATRE—TRandolph steost, botwoon olIQOLIY S st AT Hirtatona h] McVIOKER'S ; THEATRE—Madison stroot, botwoen Doarbori and Stato, ** Baratoga.’* | OADTEMY OF MUSIO—Hastod stroet, botwoon Mad- Bfix wud Monroo. Kugagement of Joo Murply. *“Siaum e, MYHRR' OPRRA-HOUSE—Monroo stroot, . botweon Deatboru nna Kinte, . ** Fuony Mokos {n & Log" Alu- strolvy nnd oumicalitios, LOBR THEATRE-~Desplauios stroot, botwoon Mad. |-% an wf-l.filngwn. ufm'fi!vmmo:.fahn'rn«mmn. o i ana. INTER-STATE EXPOSITION-Lako-Shoro, foot of Adawmy streuts 8 DR. RATIN'S MUSEUM—No, 148 South Olark stroot. Sclonco end Art. THI 850,000 IN Cleoulnrs wont, la- &0, 10 Wallaty, HAVANA LOTTE! the oxtenordtnacy dra fornntion given, The @hicags Teibune, Sundsy Morning, Ootobor B, 1873, A CITY POLITICS, - The poople of Chicago at, this timo ‘have too much practical busincss boforo thom to givo bood to tho clamors of oftice-scckors. Just ab {his moment tho flnancial stringency has do- yanged the business of almost overy man in Ohi~ engo, aud especially of tho emplogers of labor. Men of nll aceupations ara just at this time en- grossed in loarning how to pub thelr private business in such shape as will enable them to go on witlout -interruption. Tho timo hms come whon rotrenchmont sud economy, both public and privato, must bo practicad; necssity forcos this upon individunls, and It must bo adopted in publio affairs as well. Al wild schomes for lavish ‘expondituro must bo abandoned. The taxos for tho yoar lave to be paid within the next ten deys, and the demond will bo folt gonorally ns very sovore, Undor theso cirenmstances, the people of Chicago will boave no sympathy or patienco with any party, faction, or combination that proposes to mako tho Sunday question tho main Issuo in polities, Tho Baturdny quostion ~will bo allogether more pressing. tion of tho day Is, Who will underiake to conduct the Government of the City of Chi- cago for tho next two years, with honesty and “firnngss, ot tho losst cost consistont iwith safoty ? Tho public officers, fitted by oxporienco and per-; sonal reputation for this duty, can be safely left to ndministor the Sunday laws and appoint the policemen. It is about timo for ‘the Hesing- 0'fara-Xnow-Nothing combination to disband and tako tholr. places on the brond plane of Amorican citizenship, And it would ba woll, we think, for the Commitioe of Soventy to enlarge ‘their spliere of action &0 an'to’take in a claga of, citizons who are neither disorderly nor tho pro- ‘moterd of disordor, but who have teo cloar & per- coption of (he needs of the hour to cast their votes npon the narrow issuo of o Sundsy ordi- noueo. e RESUMPTION IN ENGLAND: 1797-182L, o the Bditor of T'he Chicago Tribunie : $m: In tho Atluntic Nonthly for May, page 008, appears tho following puragraph ¢ * There 18 for our Instruction the experience of Great Britain In reator- Ing ‘specle payment afler a lesser depreciation, It tells of contraction and lappreciation, uud thelr conses quencet,—monotary préssure and widc-spread morcan- tilernin. At the lst the small remaining margin be. {ween paper and gold was overcomo by Leginning poy- ment, in Jurgo sums only, In lugots, somewhnt raised. in value. ** An utterpt to force specio payment, Lofora contraction had nppreciated the uotes to par, proved disastrous, DBut America is such o surprisiug coun- try that no experdenco serves Lor. Chis $s B0 contrary {o thoe facts, 08 rocorded by Fran- cls in his History of tho Bank of England, wo desm it will bo useful to corrcet tho crror, us fur as Iu our power, especlully as it prevails quito extensively inthia country, afecting unfavorably tho public mivd as to Tesumpion, o Privy Council authorized tho Bauk of England to suepeud paying coln in Februory, 1797, which au- thority was confirmed by Parlisment, and renowed ut yurlous times, until they reswmed in 1821, i 18 dnteresting and instructivo to trace the striking aualogy between suspension iu that conntry snd our owu, Many illustrations might bugiven, but fewmnst suflice an specimous of tho other, Whou the Lauk suspouded there ware 200 country Lauks, Tn 1809 thers ‘wera 792 licenses grauted, ond o litlo later there woro ovor 1,000 such {nstitutions, against twico thut number in thts covutry, o the result of suspouston, ‘There were the samo efforts by individunls to en- foreo thie payment of rents, &c., i gold, but Parlia~ ‘ment {uterposed, a8 our Bupreme Court has doue in shinflur cases, Thero wero tho samo cnormous bank dividends, snd tho raie cry ugalust all uttompte at re- sumption, ns is 60 common with us, Oursapient Cou- gressional inancicrs lnd predecessors In tho Tounsd of Commons § for it was thero afirrued by & iwember, {n his place, that Government could muko currency o tallow candlos, or of oyafer shells,—that tho peoplo would take auything tho Goverument would tamp for money ; and a resolution, iniroduced by Mr, Von- sittart, was passed, to the emoot that “tho prico of gold hud advancod, but that tho valuo of bauk-notes had not depreefated,” Like utterances wero mude by men {n high positions nearly 300 years before, in tho relgn of Edward VI, when the coln was so debused 8 to coutain only one-fourth of good ilves, ‘Dusiness went on smoothly for ten o cloven yearsy ‘but fn 1803-'0 there was & kevero rovulsion, 1811-'12 another, with a third in 1815, nfter tho peace, cuusing (ha audden fall of nearly ull kinds of merchondiuc snd other property 40 to 70 per cunt, occasioulng over 6,000 bankruptelos, *tho nwmbor of sloppayos and composiiions being probubly in proportion,” All theso difliculties, {t must bo kept in mind, oc- curred before tho firet aftemyt was made to resume: which did not ocour until, May, 1817, when the bank ssned notico that all £t und L2 uotes, duated prior to Jun, 1, 1810, would ‘Lo redeemed, Few wero' pro- gented, which encouragod the Alunsgers 50 much that 1u,the followlug October they munouuced thoy wauld yedaem all uotes dated priar to Jun, 1, 1617, whon the bullion brokers took over £5,010,000, sending it to the Coutineat, 80 alsriniug tho Divotors (hat ou tho # geport of Mr, Peel tho Ifouse pagsed o bill fo two alghts restraluing tho bank from yoying the notea ol- tuded t0," Nubody was harmed by tho effort, In 1817 coin was 80 abundant that, when & country banker took ono thousaud gufucas to his London Loukor, “tho latter Degged us o favor that (ho gold might not Lo loft, us hio bud sout sa wuch to tho bauk, and did not like to troublo tho establishmant with any moro,” No furllicr attetapt ot resumption was made untll early i 1810, when Nr, Poel (afterwa~ds Blr Robert) Dronght forward tho bill, which, with tho amendmonty of uubsoquent ronowals, forms tho prosont Bank Act. «rhis mesmorabla bill provided for cashi payments on what wiay o termed o ullding scalo, for (wo years or aver, with the option of puyiug in full after May, 16233 sud making 1t fmperative to do 8o {u May, 1823, Bir Stoveort Pecl, tho fathor of Mr, Poci, presented a pelition of tho merchouts of London, protesting agaluat tho pasaago of tho bill, afirming thoy wure tho Vest Judges on so dmportant o poiut, tho Daronct sy~ Tujg also thut * thio hosd sud hearbof his relativo woro in thelr right places, aud thot though o Liad deviated from thio path of propriety in this iustauce, ke would @oou be restored to it The bank commanced poying soveroigna on iho lat Moy, 1621, and Francly romurks: It 1o b curious fuct tlat, o fuw wooks before, o writer, who posscased cou- aiderablo welght with the public, coufidently ofirm- od that tho currymg out of the measura which pro- scribed tho bauk to pay the butlion ut miut prices * uu Tho * ques- | L Tat May, 1822, would bo attondod with most unfor-. | tunnto ciroumalancos to tho country. 1is assortion, for the fulllment of which Lo offerod to atake hia Jifo, had not foug_been madé known, whica'tho bink” came forwatd, bogglng that thoy might be pormiited | toanticipato by o year tho torm fxod on for thelr pay- tmont i1 coly ST Accordingly tho ‘bank resumed in ful} in Moy, 1831, | two years beford tho uct of Pariinment required ; aud- thoro fa no record of presaire qf Money-punio or dis- aster of “any kind until four yéara aud & holf hiad poks- ed, when (bo terrible convulslon of 1825 culminated in 1ho ruin of thoussnds durjug tho last monthe of that | year. Bomo 1dea of tha'¥wild spoculattorts of fhat poriod moy bo gathered from tho fact lhatn ono yeor 522 compnniea wero cliartored, with & nominat Capitnl of -£441,000,000 etorling, - for - almost' al} concelvablo purposes, Gonerally, only 10 nor cont was pild in, tho ndvance on which was from kit to twonty- fold, " Tho folly of tho proposals, magnitnde of' the achomes, and monts of speculation hind thelr parallol, only & 1ittls over auo hundred years befors, in Dlount's 4 Bouth Bea Bubble,”and Law's Mississippi Schiomo.” “A full ropart of {hio chfof financlal evonts of Eugland for tho {imo under rovlew will bo found in the works abovo named (pages 121-210), from which it nppears, thoro was a torrible crisls six yoars before, sud auother nearly four yoars affer, rosumption; but nothiog whatover is sald of it causing tho ** monotary, pross. suro and wide-spread mercantilo ruin * nanod in the abavo quotation from tho Atlantic Monthly. Tl history of thoso timea shows 'conclusively tho great perils of suapension nnd safoty of resumption. In clght years (1808-'10) thero wore threo or four finan* clal ond commercial convulsions; aud how many ponica hove wo liad within o similsr period sinco tho closo of thowar In 18057 Wo bavo been ailting on a voleano, ‘Tho rumbling hao boen soversl times hoard and tho smoko seon, and recontly an swful druption took place, ovorwhelming very many. ” 24 “Tiis memorablo bill provides that, from tho lst of Tobrungy to tho lat of October, the bank sball do- fiver, on demand, gold of standsrd Snenose, not: loa tiian’ sixty otnces, in oxchango for bank-uotes, ab €4 18 per onnice, From tho 1et of October, 1820, to the 1at ¢ Detobor, 1821, tho esmo plun o be adopted § but the 2ol to be 4t the rato of £3 198 04 per cunce, Frol Tho 1st of May, 1821, to'the 1at of May, 1823, price of gold of £3 {7! 103¢d per ounco Lo be tho rate, 2ith the adoption of tho eamo plan s and from tho 1l of May, 1823, tho notes to Lo paid in (hoxeulll coin of {lie Einipire, i£ required, Botween {hio st of Fobruary and the 1st of October, 1620, tho banka weroempowescd 1o deliver gold ot auy rate Lotween £4108 ond L3 108 00 per ounce : and from tho Ist of October, 1820, to May 1, 1821, thoy were ‘also allowed to do tho samo nt any rute between. £ 108 ©d and £9 178 1034, in ingots O et old welgliug sisly ounces, dhey wero Sermitted, ulo, the aption of yoying i speclo on or after the Tut of Moy, 1823 g s ‘' REMARKS. - o mako tho langusge of Peol's bill intolligi- bloto American rondors, it is propor to remark that the plan adopted was equivalent -to our Govornmont declaring that on and aftor January, 1874, and until January, 1875, it will redeem its' greénbacks in gold ak tho rate of 90 conts on the dollar ; and from January, 1875, to January, 1876 at tho rate of D5 conts, and on tho 1sb of January, 1878, ot par. Tho plan was first suggested by David Ricardo, the economist, and was adopted by Mr. Peol.. -It was porbeps tho best thing that could have been dons under the cir- cumstances, It sssumed that the exiating | dopreciation of tho currency shonld be takon n8 tho startmg point for both the Govern- ment and private individanls to sottle thoir past dobte ;" that ono year ator thoro should bo an' advanco of one-tonth in the valuo of tho eurron- oy, and thnt throo soars lator there should ba'an | advauce of the remaining tenth, i. e, to par. Our correapondent i cozract in saying that tho bank-anticipated comploto xesumption by, two' Syenrd, - : “ . -Heo ia aléo correct in saying, In' opposition to tho Atlantio Monthly, that the pavic of 1825-G bad no conmootion whotever with the re- sumption of specie payments. Tha pavie of 18256-6 is known~ to the world in conpectisn with the ¢ Dubble Companies.” Englond had broken oub into an eruption of joint-stock companies for the sale of milk, muf- fins, ohops, checao, fish, vogetablos,snd what pot. Money poured in from-all quartors, tobe, invested in these crazy adventures. Of course, such business could not be conducted with oconomy on tho jolnt-stock plan. A greou- grocer may mako monoy by close economy and gound judgment In the purchnso aud sale of cabbages, but a joint-stock company nover. All tho money put into tho “'Dubble Compavies” was lost, as & matter of courso, Alougside with thom were & lot of equally vision- ary solhomes to colonizo and -trade with South America, Immenso sums of money were invested in joint-stock enterprises of this sort, The climax was renched whon a compauy was orgauizod to supply tho natives on_to Rio do 1o Plata with butter. Milk-maids and churns _wero sent out to Duonos Ayres in groab abundance, and the butter business started with the finest prospects of succoss, until it was dle- covered that the natives didn't want butter, they preforrod turtlc's oggs. Thon tho Lutter com= pany failod and the panic secin. All the othor Bubble Companies went down,. Thero was an Guormous loss of capital, but this loss had really oceurrad beforo tho panic came, Theresumption of specio puymenta bud no more to do with it than thie tides in the plauet Saturn. . 1 THE LONDON PANIC OF 1866, The Nalion is mistaken In saying that tho TLondon paoio of 1866 was stopped by the author- ity grantod by tho Government to the “Bank of Lngland to increaso its iseues of notes boyond the $70,000,000 limit. In polnt of fact, the panic was chiecked, but not stopped, On the second day after the announcement was mado, it broko ont again, and raged as violontly as hefore. Thoso who claim that tho panic should have Yoou dactored, as tho Nation contonds that all panics should be, *by romedies addressed to tho lmagivation,” alleged ofterward that thoe reason why tho pasic did ot really stop when tho imaginations of men hiad beon so dootored, was that tho bank didnot avail itsolf of tho authority grantedtoit. The roason why the bank did not do so was that tho notes wouldn't stay out, and if tho bank had in- oroaged its issuo matorinlly it would have beon obliged to suspond spocio paymonts. A history of tho London panic of 1806 is embraced in Mr. Patterson’s * Soienco of Financo.” Mr. Pattor- a0n, by the way, ngroes with the Nation in the yiow that panies aro wholly imaginative, as opposed to those who contond that thoy are eco- nomical, disorders, The former hold, in sub- stanco, that it is ouly want of confldonce, while the Ilatter msintain that it ls went of capital. Wo hazard the opin- jon that there can be no such thing as & finanoial erlsls whoro the want of coufldonce is not woll founded. A Wall streot flurry or a stock panlo may come at any timeo; it will not oxtond much boyond the curb-utones, But & genuine financtal evlsls must have far its foundation the foat that thoro 18 not #o much praductive prop- orty in tho country a8 pooplo have gonorally supposed—not o much ag they fanciod whon .they built their superatruoturo of crodit upon it —_—ee Anothor corruption bas broken outin New York, this timo lu the Btato Bonato. Isano V.’ Bakor, Jr., who roprosents tho Twolfth Distriot, is the vietim. J. 8. Bmart, tho Iopublican mombor of Congress from tho district, has pro- dncod an affidavit slgned by Georgo O. Brunnoll, Olork of the Senate Rallroad 'Committco, in whioh the lattor aflirms that Baker confessod to him bo had mado ©40,000 through his sluglo form in tho Souste, and that ho was ready to expond that amount, to seouse hig re-election. {Wo'dd not rofor td this"ad w faatter'ot’ nowe; 8 an ovoné roquiring any spooin! dogreo of sur- prisd; bt miorely (t0 kidop tho “cathlogma'of ‘gor- ruplion full up to daté, ; k- A e ' OOMMON-LAW MARRIAGES, : ) Mosors, Rosonthal & 'Ponce, of this city, ‘Lo tiled o printed Driol and argument in tho _Bupromo Court in tho onse of Nollia Porl, taken ' on apposl from tho Oreult Gourt of Cook Coun- ty. Tho irgument I not only iutorostiog o far. ' 08 it ralatos to this partioulnr cago, but from tho, thorough rescarch f makea in'a histofloul way through Hlio logal, Aoriptural, and ecclosiastionl doctrines pértalning to'marrisgo. Nollio Port clatma, to bo 'the widow of Bilus W. Port, who dlod intostato in March, 1872, leaving no ohil- dron, but’ loft’ o mother, brothors, nud sistors «purviving him; It" s ndmitted that Nollio and Silas' lived togothor for thireo yoars aud-up to-tho time of his ddath, and that uo aeromoty Was over hnd ag provided - by the stat- uto of Tilinois, Tho dlalm of iarriago rests, 1. That » marriage in acoordance with tho common 1aw ia 'valld'ond bindiog In Tlinols. 2. That this was o marringo in accordnnco with common aw. Tho testimény in support of tholatter point waat 1. Proof of a promiso to marry in {he future, follawed by cohabitation."2; Proof of ropntation snd -habit ss. marriod porsons. 8. Proofs of admigalons by both partica as to their being msrrled, and of thelr conduct sustaining that rolation. ' It is claimed that the ‘statutcs of Illinots, in presoribing cortain formalitics, guch a8 procuring a licenso, &o., and providing pennities for sny officors uniting . persons. without the statuto requiromonts, doea nob invalldate tho irrogniar ‘marrisges;thomaclyes. Thialoaves common-law marringes valid inthis State. 'The argument, then, 18 nddressed to tho quostion, What {8 o valid marriage ot common law ? Marringo ituolt {a dofined to bo * tho civil status of ono mnn and one woman united in lnw for life, under tho ohligation to dischargo to onch other: aud the community thoso datios which, the ‘community by ita Inws holda inoumbent on. porsons whoso associntion is founded on the distinction of sox." Marriage is foundod on an - agrooment Or con- tracts When this: contract ia exeoutod in a valid marriage, the contract s merged in the highor naturo of tho status, and, in tratl, no' longor oxlats, it tho partics s govorned by tho law' of ‘lusband and wife, When the status of. marriago is croated, neithor .of 'the partics by word or act can dissolve it . this cun only be done by o docrog of divorce. Onco married, tho State ragulates tho relation. Ino atate of hature, the man-takes tho woman to his Louse for tho purposo. of ‘cobabitation, aud that is marridgé, « No coremhonics , oxlst iamong un- civilizod pooples. Prof. Hadley, in Lis {ntroduc- tion to Romao .Law, stotos that nmong tho Tomans no spocial cofemony was roqairod to establish tho rolation. Tt was ocuough if-thio man snd the womnn, to Whose union thoro was no logal impedinént, lved togother ns Lusband and wifo, giving' thomselves out a8 such,. Prior to tho tima of Popo Innocont IIL. thero was no such thing ne o solomnization -of & marriaga among. Clirfstians, *“The man camo ‘to tho houso which the woman inhabits, snd, in the proaence of her friends and rolations, toolk the woman to his own houso ; and this wae' all the coromony.” Awmid ibo msnifold ritual - pros «igions of tho Jows for vatous ‘offices and traneactions’ of lifo, thore is no coremony pregeribed for tho celebration cl. marriage. Whenever o marringe hos boon shown or proved by any circumstances, the law nlwaye raises & prosumption in faver of its logality. TTho basis of tho matrimonia! law of Earopo i {he canon law, and fo show what that canon law was, thoro is an oxtrack froma decreo of Popo Gregory IX. which' doclares: ** Ho who has pledged bhis faith to M, -a woman, that he would marry her, and copula carnalis has fol- lowed it, altbough Lo may marry another in the faco of the Church, and havo carnal knowledgo of hor, shall bo hold to roturn to the frat, bo- causo, slthough thé first matrimony appoars only to be presumptive, slill againat presump- tion of tue kind evidenco ia not to bo admitted. Trom this it follows that the morriago is con- sidored meither tru ndr valid which has fol- lowed atter.” The Council of Trent, In its of~ forts to reform marriage, thus rocognized those which took placo clandestinoly, and which were afterwards sought to bo avoided: ' Alnough it {snot to he doubted that clandesting ‘marriages, cntered {nto with the frco cousent of the contrasting partics, axo binding and truo matriages, 20 long a8 tho Churels has uat doclared them invalld ; and {herefore that thogo are rightfully to bo damncd— as tho Holy Sysnod lias alrendy neoursod with an anatho- omn thoao who deny such marriages to b truo and binding. Novortlicless, tho Lora's Holy Church los always deteated snd forbidden them for rea- gous the most yropor. DBut as ko Joly Synod experlences thut cven thoso prohibitions ara of no avall on nccount of tho discbedienco of susukind, and {a carcfully considering tho grava sins \which originato from the ssmo clandeatine marriages, espectully the sina of thaso who porslstontly remaln ina stato of damuotion by descriing’ thieir formod wives, it who thoy hove clandestinely entered inta mar~ ringe, and by contracting marringe “publicly with an- otber, thus living in perpetusl adultery—which evil thie Olureh, which: does not judgo upon hiddeu things, conmot remove, unless soma eflicacious remedy bo ap- lied ; thieseforo the 1foly Synod orduina that fn. tho future before morriago Lo coutractod it should be thireo times publicly proclatmed, ete. 0 By this it was for tho first timo mado obliga- tory to have {ho morriago in the presence of & priost, and yot it declared the validity of all past marrisges without any encordotal intorpesition, ‘Che nuthority of the Council of Trent was nover recognizod in Englind,—tho law in thay country remnining 8 bofore in Turope. The Houso of Tords dceldod thrt, when n mon shot Dimeolt tho instaunt after ho declared the womuu nis wifo, such was & valid marriago. The intervontion of o clergyman ag cssentlal to mar- ringe hus boen bold to be unnccessary at the common law by tho courts of Now York, New Jorsoy, Ponpsylvanis, Kentucky, Vormont, Obhio, Tonnesseo, Alabrma, Now Hampsbive, Mary« 1and, Bouth Caroliny, Californis, and Loulslaua, Trom this it is orgued that & marringe ab com- mon law, a8 adopted in this countsy, is valld whon tho connont of both parties ls shown, present, or where the promiso fo mnrry in the futurc i fallowed by colnbitation. Tho doctrine that marriago will bo prosumed from habit and reputo, and from the admissions and deolarations of thd partien, ia claboratoly prosontod. A marsiod woman Who ran wway with snothor man, and lved with tho Intter Qusing the lifa and after tho doath of hor hus- band, was held by the Dritish Ifouso of Lords to liave contractod & socond marriago aa soon a8 sho was logally outitod to do so; and it 18 stated that Robort Dale, Owen,: in his.autablograply, prides himsolf upon hayipg the woman in this caso. a8 one of his ancentors, Tho American casos are yoluminons upon this point, the Courk holding that tho prosumption of marrlago bo- twoen portles living ae such, and holding thom- solvos out to the publle'as married, 1s not to be overcome, oxcept by tho strongest teatimony thot thoy wero mnot married. Eyon whon the * womon, " igriorant of - tho' 1AW, and 1 boe! ‘ll'nvlng ‘s parileular coromony necosanry 10; | tho 'validity of "tio’ marringo, had eyen on onth deniod - thint * thoy - woré murrad, . tho. | Qourts’ hiavo . hold tho marrisges, legal, .and ! that, " whoh logal; tho’ doglaratloria’ of nolllior party con disturb tho relation, TFrom all this it '8 olalmod that a martlago ab common Inw s por- toolly valid In this Biato; thal it Is suflclont, to outablish & mnrriago ot common Jaw, that thero was o promluo to marry ln tho futuro; thatthoro waa b mutual consont to such future marrlago, and that it was followod by cobabitation ; and that, whon tha ‘partios thus liying togother hold thameolves out to tho public sa morried, admit aud doclaro tho relatlon, and live in all rospeels 28 If they woro married, tho law will prosumo in favor of morality, and hold that thero was o mar- risgo at common law, until tho samo is dis- provod ‘by. evideric showing such nover to havo oxisted. | « - EXTRAVAGART MINISTERS'.WIVES, ./ *Cho domeitle infolleltios of tho Rov. Alfred Wiswall,. Rootor of 8f. Jolw's Ohurch, Now York City, havo at lnat found thoir way into tho publie prints, through statomentsand countor- statomonts mado to tho Vestry by the Rector and his wife. Tho Rector's statoment is a ou- rious dooument, and develops somo fncts which should atand as & warning to othor clergymen who havo not yet ontorad the hymenoal state. It appears from this statomont that Blr. and Mre. Wiawall woromarried in 1809, Mrs, Wiswall's fathorkiad died in 1862, boquenthing to her cer- tain proparty, conslsting of Iilinols Contral bonds and renl ostato in Now York and Ilinols, the wholo smounting to £58,035. The division of tho eatato took placo in 1805, and from that time to 1808, Alra, Wiswall managed her own proporty. Provious to tho marriago, sho 80ld tho railrond bouds, and with the procceds paid her board and curront expensos. ‘From tha date of tho ‘marriago to tho date of the division of the prop- erly, they supporiod themsclves on Mr. Wis- wall’s* salary of £2,000 per anuum, and upon o Toan of $2,500 Taised upon tho undividod fourth of tho city property. Had they beon'content to live in this monnor all might Live' gono woll ; but, whon Mrs. Wiswall recclved hor ‘property, alio convorted 914,000 of it, Toanod on bond and mortgage, into'cash, sud bought a hand- somo liouso and lot, which they afrerwardas oo« oupted. This was tho boginuing of misfortunds. The oxtravagant Mre. ‘Wiswall, contrary to Mr. Wiswall's judgmont, furnished tho houso ata cost of £6,000, which was obtaisied by tho salo of apart of the Illinois lands. Mrs, Wiswall's wants grow more and moro numerous. A §32,030 . oquipngo -was ‘tho noxt extravaganée.i. Ix- ponsive Jowelry next followed, and the thousand and- ono’ articles of - bijouterio and virtu necessary to an’exponsivo woman's haoppiness began to pour in, whilo the worthy ,shopherd grumbled moro and more, avd groaned in°spirit as ho boheld the vanities of tho world littoring up the family mansion: -- At Iagt the in- ovilablo result came,' - The bottom of the purse was reachod. Tho Now York real esialo and the Ilinois lands were swallowed up, and tho hand- somo . Liouso and .contonts “wero covorod -with ..mortgages amounting to - §17,000, and no money forthcoming to moot them. Ono can ‘imagino ~ tho interviews which must havo talken * place in the Land- somo bouso hotweon tho shopberd and bis wifo, and Liow tho breach between thom gradu- ally widoned. Thon Mrs. Wiewall gob. jealous of o lady in the church, who wans ono of its ac- tivo members, apparontly without any causo, aud this throw a new brand of discord on the fawily hoarth, At lsst thoy separated. In con- trast ‘with Ars. Wiswall's extravagance, Ar. Wiswall malkos the following statement : 1 would further stato that I have always devoled my ontiro salary to tho support of my fomily, nud that my personal oxpenses duing tho whole ton years havo nog averaged o oxcceded $500 por auuum § that at pres- entX recelve a salary of $2,000 per sunum ; that T puy tho rent of & houso occupied by Mrs, Wiswall in Tyventy-fousth streot, $900 per annum § & servaut for Mrs, Wiawall, $120 per anuum ; aud allow Mrs, Wis- ‘wall $2,60 a'day, or §912.50 per annum, amounting in sl to $1,002.50, which Joaves mo por snnum $47.50, I am also ullowed by your body $600 per annum for room sent. Of thws sum T oxpend for that purposo $420, Jeaving o Lolanco of $180, . which, togother with tho $67.50, smounta to $247,60, which is the amount I am obliged to depend upon for tho nocossaries of lifo, Such is ‘tho substance of this unfortuunte af- fair. ' Timo was whon the minister’s wife shared the ministor's labors sud lelped to make tho salary go us far aa poesiblo; but tho extravagant demands 'of fashion havo gradually orept oven juto tha churclk. Undoubtedly Mrs, Wiswall was unhappy so long a8 she could not keep ups atandard stylo proportionate to that of the par- iehioners. IIor bopuot must bo as nico, hor jow- elry as elogant, her equipage as ghowy. Hor husband's means consisted in his elary, Ho could not afford to give her those things, Bhe bad money, why should she not'spondit? Her lawyers, her agents, and ler brokers wora of tho samo opinion, for they Lad sharp eyes on commissions, Thelr united effort to spend it wos entirely succoesful, for it does not tako vory long to spend €G0,000. Bub was tho game worth the condlo? Mrs. Wiswall hoda briot dey of fuss and show, and now is dopond- ent upon tho small sum which the minister can savo from his small salary for hor maintonance. Thelr domostio infelicities have become public proporty. Tho family is broken up. Itisnbad pioce of business all round. Tho moral to all unmarried clorgymen isto look before thoy jump, snd not marry wealthy wives undor tho impresslon that that scoures indopendence, It is o dangerous undertaking even ontside of tho pulpit, but for tho minister it is doubly danger- oug, Thovsand-dollar minfsters should bowate of fifty-thousand-dollar wives, Tho Now York World has recontly been pub- lishing a seriea of intorviows, purporting to have taken place botweon ono of itg Europonn cor- rospondents aud various statosmon and mom- bors of royal fawmilios, which wora sonsa- tlonal and untrue upon their vory faco. Among thom was ono with Princo Bismarcl;, in which ho was mado to declaro himsclt an Athelst, Tho publication of the lotter, which was copied far and wide, accompaniod by sevors comments, groussd tho ludignation of mony Germansg in this country, who kmow that tho intervlow was mado out of whole cloth, Onue of them, Prof. Bendan, of New Yorlk, wrote to Prince Blsmarck concorning the mattor, and rocolved the follow- ing reply: : i Di, Benpan s T recelved your communication with many tuunks, Bo mony falsolioods are told on my sccount that I sm not astontehed st this burefaced iuvontion, I do not know if {hore are pooplo stupld enough fo belleve such things, but ono thing 8. cer {tain—1 niever had with any one a convarcation of uu {mpoart aimilar to (hst to which you rofer, Thore can congequontly not oven bo & mlsunderatanding slloged o8 o protext for {hut falsehood (Luge—lic), But it utrikes me that the phrase *To crush Rome in order {0 crush Olrlstianity,” very plaiuly shows tho source and purposs of that calunny, ; That wy convictions and ay beliaf are the opporits of what (hat fuble puta {n my mouth, 10 ;an i Gere many doubts, and also In America peopls will say thint 1¢.0ne wore #o God-forsaken (Goltverlassen) an {o think o, Lio would hardly bo fool cnough $hns to talk, & o b T V. Brestanor, | , Roforring to this polntblank denial, the New, York World enyai It in just that our - rondors shonld bo informed of tho fact, ‘and that: our sincero apologies should be at onco offored to {ho Gorman Chancollor, for wo cradit bis dis- avowal wvithout rosorve. It s noedloes to add that tho corrospondont whom we errad in trust ing will not havo & second opportunity to mis- load ug.”. That the World should Love beon decolved at all by tho silly stuff which this cor- rospondont has been sondlng for tho past six months, displays o degreo of gullibility which s vory remarkablo in tho managors of » motropoll- tan nowspapor. iz Tho Gonoral Land-Ofico at Washington Lo recognized the fact that Michigan is entitled to about 50,000 actes mozo of acliool lands, Tho doficiency grow out of the faot that, undor tho original grant, tho Btato was to recolve ono full soction of land for each full town of thirty-six goctions, Bectlon 16 in evory survoyed town wae dosignatod a8 tho school sootion. . As there woro n groat many fractionsl towna in tho Btato, owing to the numorous inlaud Inkes and tho wator boundarios of the Btate, it vory fraquontly happoned thab tho school soo- tion was fractional also, Tho Commissionor of tho Btato Lond-Offico, having Iately ‘made acou- rate computations of all thoso towns and sec- tlons, dlscoverod that tho deflcloncy in * Bee- tion 16" was greater in proportion than tho do- ficloncy in tho towns, and thnt tho Btato was still ontitled to 50,000 ncros,whichhiavo now been grantod {t. This will add to tho Btato Primary- School Fund sbout $200,000. Tho land will be divided as follows: Dotroit, 6,000 acres; onia end Travorse City, 12,000 acres; Lake Buperior Dlstrlct, 26,000 acres; aund East Saginsw, 56,000 ncros. — It has ofton beon remarked that * history re-, peata itsolf,” and the experionces of tho panle, ‘which seems to bavo nlmost passed away, finds ‘close parallols fu tho history of former periods of financial excitemont and commoralal “de-, pression. Dut it maynot havo occurred fo many of our readers that it possesses many fon- turos in common with tho opizootio visitation of last year. It originated in tho same placo, swopt in tho samo direction (wostward), has causod o tromendous run (at tho bonks instoad of tho nose), hag brought out tho- mules ini forco, paralyzed business here, for the nonco, and ebut up Milwaukeo s tight as an ogator. In nll these respects, sud soveral others that might bo noted, thoro is almost an absoluto idontity of effects, procoeding from what would appoar to bo widoly differout causes. It only tho offects of tho sccond disapponr 18 speedily a8 thoso of tho first visitation, wo shall havoe much to bo thankful for, : Bome English statisticians havo recontly beon making some intorosting investigations with re- gard to tho cost of war in that country. Twonty yoars beforo the Crimean war, the military and naval oxpendituro .of tho country was ton mill- jons, In 1854, tho yeor before tho war, it had risen to sixteen millions, Binco the termination of that war, it has avoraged more than twenty- gix mllions por annum., Tho amount, foolading mtorest, which s paid to maintain the army and npavy excoeds the total valuo of tho coal produced in the United Kingdom. The annual war expendi- ture for preeent nnd past operations far oxceeds tho total deposits of the industrial and economic clagaon investod in all tho savings bauks, whilo tho expense of keeping up the army and navy Iast year was only £4,000,000 less than tho vatuo of tho entiro imporiations of wheat, barley, oats, maizo, and flour for tho same timo, which smounted to £30,000,000. — e A Government scandal bia arigen in England, growing out of tho fact that the Governmont has overdraswn the account of the Courtof Chan- cery at the Bank of England to the extant of £600, rondering it necoseary for that ostablish- mont to apprise thom of the.fact. Tho London Times grows indignant ovor the fact that the Govornment was thus caught napping, and thunders away s follows: *“Tho carclossness indicated is such ns would bo considered nlto- gother inexcusablo in auy city counting-houso, and o atill woreo fonture consists in tho reckless- noes of management aud tho doficloncy of offi- cial loyalty which upon tho private notico of such g lnpso beving been ‘received’ by the Govern- 1mont could lead to tho folly of its being at onco proclaimed, and thus inevitably made o matior of public comment."” ] ‘Tha Tichborno clrimant has writton » lotter to one of tho English papers protesting ngoinat tho declsion of tho Judgos barring him from attond- ing publio meatings. o claims thnt this action will have tho offect of stopping tho funds sup- plied to him for carrsing on his defenso. Tho London Advertiser undorstands that ho has al- ready sustained o loss of over §3,600, promised him from his sppearance at crickot matches. Most of tho Esglish papers, howover, are re- jololng at the decision, 08 it mny bar him from Dringing forward the romainder of his witnessos, and thus end tho tedious trial somo timo within tho prosont contury, Tuo Eoglish peoplo aro boginning to tiro of thoir Claimant, who is fast growing to be s publio nuisanco, of tho Goorgo Fraucels Train stamp. Tho curlous fact laa been doveloped in Eng- Iand that, whilo onc-eighth of tho peoplo of that country sro members of filondly socleties (such a8 Odd Fellows, Forestors, Druide, Bhophords, and otlier orgnizations ostubiishod for mutual finaucial benetit), more than onc-lalf of theso socleties ara insalvent, In tho Manchestor Unity of 0dd Follows alono thoro is o dofloit of a million pounds sterling. Bad rules, lax man- ngemont, sud extravegaut oxpoudituro have ‘boon at the bottom of theso ovils § snd, in viow of their incronse, o strong movement liaa boon ot on foot to catabllsh o Governmont Friendly Roolaty, of the stability of which thero can Lo no question, and in the mansgomont of which {horo can bo no misepproprition of funda, Another protondor hns just gone tho way all pretoudors travel sooner or lator, o was an old man of B0, kuown to Lis frienda by tho titlo of the Princo of Crouy-Chanel, I Tungery, end sg & claimant to tho throno of that country. I'his titlo o inhiorited from his father, ono of theomigrant noblease,whofled beforo{ho Roign of Torror. 'Tho royalelaim ho affected to derive by diroot descont from Arpad, tho last native King of Mungary. Aftor the Restoration, ho was in T.owls XVIIL's sarvice. ‘Ilo was also concorned in tho Grook Rovelution and Louis Napoleon's unsuccessfut attompt on Btrasbourg, and at ono time received tho order of 8f, Grogory from the Pope. METROPOLITAN MODE Tho Bonnet of the-Perlod-~-An Anom= alous and Monsirous : * Structure, Singular TFeatures of Heads Garniture. More About Beautiful Feathers-:-Re- markable Specimens oi Capi~ +ital Adornment. Blondes Depreciating--Brunettes Rising in the Market of Fashion. From Our Oten Correspondent, New Yonr, Oct, 3, 1673, Tor tho last woelr, your correspondont has beon eugaged In trying to solvo this problom: How much and how many materials doos 1t take to construct tho COME ORL (OMING DONNETS? (Liko tho conundrum of Lifo, I'vo given It up.) They look as if thoy wolghed tons, and, whon it 18 cold enough to wear thom, it would surpriso nobody to Liove tho fashion of pages rovived, and to soo littlo knee-brocchod boys trot- tivg sbout with tholr mistross’ bonnet on n velyet ocushion, whilo the damos thomsclves woro n comfortable hood, or its equivalent. Thet nny head should actual- 1y ba ablo to support these monstrous struc- turcs, appents almost incredible. Thoy are towors, and cathedrals, and mosques, and palaces, in velvot, and silk, and foathers, and flowers; they aro, in faot, all sorts of oxamples of millinery-architocture, It geoma as if trado were detormined to put it out of reach to manufaciuro hoad-genr domestically, tho stgles -aro 8o compli- cnted. And, while the form is so -mysterious, tho prico ia enormous; go that tho scant of purso will have oithor to go without, or suin themsalves by the purchase of o so-called **slm- plo " kit at $30 or §40. ' Attwo largo cslilbitlons of* hats; Tnst weck, _thoro wore no Lats ot loss than §20, and from: that they naconded tho aealo to figures which the averago miud is pained to, contemplato in con- nection with this subject. - Buch conglomoratos! ap there woro! Flesh-pink with grapo-blua s violet ond chsintho; lomon and sage-grecn ; atraw and cinnamon-brown, are ouly asuggostion ofthe curious combinations of colors.. Every-, thiug bas velvet as tho basls, and en ostrich- feathor for an sccompaniment, no mattor what else thoro is, FELT promises to bo quito widely worn, and oan bo bnd in meny of the new invisible shades, g well ay tho traditional binck and gray. The yims. of folt-hnts are usunlly coverod with wido, flat Lindings of velvet of the sswe color, aud aro 80 completely imbedded in loops, .aud bows, and Bearfs of velvet, that you can bardly sce that tho ground-work is folt, :Most of thom have conical crowns flnttoned on top, while. a long- ostricl~ plume airily ewite itsolt ovor tho apex, and waves about iith tirnculous limberness over the back hoir. 'Thoy are very quecr somotimos, and often ot at nll pretty. Thoro is.ono positively attractivo aud pro- sumably-becoming form of felt-hat, which is quito low and broad in the erown, and haa a two- Tk brim, rolling up on the sidos, alightly in front and behind, but convexly instead of con- cavoly to the outsido of tho erown. ‘he rim bag nn inchewide fiat binding of velvet; and, under tho xim, oxtending all round, s & pretly rouleau of velvat and sk, This seems like an oxtended foco-trimming, ond tho tiny bunch of bright dowersthat fall from 1t bohind ontholeftsido anly ndda to-the impression, Almost all the bonuets and hiats havo a sproy or bunch of flowers, or singlo rose, dropping over tho back hair from aunder tho odgo ab the loft of the back, which has much thoappoarance of tho face-trimming hay- ing been put in tha wrong placo by mistake. It ia rathor caquettish on young heads, but scems somewhat out of tasto ou old ones. 'I'hoface- trimmings of feathers aro very soft and becom- ing, aud are justliko tho fiat feather trimmings used a year ago,—ouly rathor narrowor, and gen- arally shadod. AX ODD FEATURE of the new head-coveringe is the position they aro expected to hold. Must of thom attain at Iufilfl ot 45 degrees from tlobridge of the noso, | A Tather moro from tho napo of the neck. Whot keops them in place is past divination by tho uninitinted, Faint sugpestions of hair-ping, straightoned crimpivg-pins, tin-tacks, glue, an otlior agonts and instrumonts, float in the sir; but somiothing newor snd more arigival than thicso undoubtadly solves the mystery. Hats worn in this way muet bo wondrously uncomfort- ablo, and ovory time I ses one, I fecl impelled to stop tho wenror, and ask how sbo endures it. ¥ Furbolow " is much too fond of enso to incon- venionco hersolf by following Fashion, though 4ho doos lier bast (o aid othor in that direotion. ATOUT PEATIERS 1 believe I havo already * iuuhml " p good deal tis sonson ; but_tholr owuty prompts ono moro burst ' of rapture. Tho long plumes woro mover of finer quality, more gracofully curled, or moro dolicatoly tinfed. Indeod, thoir coloriug is an axtistio triumph. Xf you were told that every fllaniont was scparately touched with o camel’s hair brush, it would be too great & tax on credulity. Thoy have often four or five shados, blonding so softly from dark af the stom to ulmost whito nt tho iip, that it is difionlt to tny where cnch shado begine, Of courso, they aro denr,—did you over see nny particularly fina {hing that was cheap? Tor $6 or %8 you con get o short and mengro plume, such as yon do mob 1eally wany, but such a8 you feol that you must” bo content with. Tor 810°to 820 you can buy tho flocst and most durablo of long plumes. ‘Tho most oxquisito tips rungo botween 8 and 80 o pioco; and vory vory rospectablo speoitmens , not_vory large, but Sofh, arb from $1.50 to 83, Cook's feuthors, heron's feathors, wings, pompons, coma in _new colors, and b Tajos from b0 conts ' to €5, They are seldom used nlono, but gencrally in couneg- tion with flowers or ostrich-foathers. Tha grace- ful willow-plumes are only ostrich-plumes with the 1011[2' filamonts crimped, and sometimes tho filaments aro tied to the onds of another fanthor to moke them longor. Whon this is done, thoy aro likely to fall off, as naturally tho fastening in insecro ; and it is this which givos witlow- plumes so bad a reputation for woar, TWO OR THRLE NONNETH must bo described, just to show how overloaded {huy are. Ovg I8 of rich, winy-purpla volvet, Across the corded-front rises a sort of chavaux- de-friue of jot, the onds of which ere concenled by bowa of valvet, lace, cto,, on the ontsldo, I'ho smoothly-covered orown ig surmonnted by & jot, ornament simulating a comb-top, from which Tulls o long voil of Chuntilly Inco, that is caught inlo sott folds, on tho lowor part of the crown, by a beautiful vino of grapos and leaves. On the right nide of the crown, o long ostrich- featbor mysterionsly appoars, snd falls gracefully ‘over tho rost of the trime Mivg, while a einglo frosi-touched rosoe peeps ont low on tho lett, ‘Tho strings of this uchiovement in millinery sre ribbon to matek the velvet in color, two-and-a-half tnehes wide, with Chantilly strings over. ‘Another frame I8 vovered with blaclk velvob finished with flosh-pink silk, Tho bows, ends and tho coronot-frant aro linad with pini, and tho ribbons are of the new double-faood dosorip- tlou—pink and black, The face-trinming is a buud of shaded pink ostrich ; and, ou tho oyt eido, u long shaded plumo Is lwluiud' noross the crown from right to loft, An exquisito barbe of widlo Ohnntilly in looped pud pinned to the loit Dy o tipy balf-opoucd fun of ktool, : 'A singular and very ugly. bounet {s of bronzo- greon yolvet aud palo common silkt, Over the Brown the velyet is slightly frilled, which molkes it 100k sott and comfortable, Around the orown is twistod & hoavy braid of tho velvot and eilkc, “Pho corouot ia covered with allk full onoufih to stvo ® pufly appearance. Double-facad ribbona i innuwmerablo loops and ends, n scarf of black lnco drawn through steel bk, and s shadod willow plume, ornanient the outsldo, A or- Jargoe roll of volvet is the ounly iuside trimming. GAD-OROWNED TONNETS are among tho fow positive novolties. They re- somblo the high Norman muslin caps worn by childron in the summer, wore than anychin olse I think of now. They aro ol w0 high a8, to look uugainly, sre mado of black yolvot over soft {sames: have gathoied edgas, lined with pale-tinted nilk, that Fufflo round tho faco in a pioturesque rnd bo- Coming mannor. Qutelde, they are much wore gimply bedecked than auy other style of lead- garniiure, and, therefors, aro very atlractive, A singla plume of somo sort, with perhal trifling ornament of ateol or jot, in all hats require. 080 0pD8_AND EXDS, Tho dsgger and tho anchor ara the favorite shnpes fiv uteol, and the srrow and square buckle in_jot ornamonts, ' Wrentha of afitnmn-leayos, rich-tinted bes onins, mmall onk, frost-lonchod vines, and guuulms of §mpun and seariot borrios aro tho popular foral decarations forbonnels and huts,— roses being almost tho only blossoma nsed. Pearl aigrottes, buckles, otc,, aro not much 1iked, and, indeod; are ‘not well-adapted to win- tor-colors and matoriala, Tow straw-hats, which urnally appoer in black ond brown ot this season, o ba found auy- whore, - Trades-pooplo of all kiuds scom dotor- mmuod to skip autumnp, our most, bonutiful sea- gon, and cotpel quplo ta throw naido muslin to ut'on velvet. This may bo an act of aconomy, or overybody is fooling paulely poor in this re- glon just at prosent, Tho blondo market ls evidontly much dopro- olatod ; for tho now siyles in gowns nnd head- gear, in colors and stuils; aro onx'mclnll and par~ tienluriy ndapted to brunsites, Tho dark sealo 3: rising rapldly in tho hands of tho blind god- ey i TFino guipure-laca will be usod on hats_this senson, 88 woll s old-fashlonad Bruascls, Chan~ tilly, and English throad. rog d'Oriont, » soft twilled sill, is tukin tho placo of turquoiso sillc for trimming, bul tho chango ia a moro caprico ; the oldor favorite Laving loat nono of its desirablencss by testing. Bonnot-strings aro genorally of Wrsonohe ng:d gros-grain ribbon ; which carries us back & cado. As bonnots and hats and tholr trimmings droop #o_low bohind, it s probable that the Elizabothan ruffe will sooo degenerato into moro ruflles, & chango in their width being al- roady porceptiblo. TURBELOW, —_——— LITERATURE. 'The Eorse. THE PERFECT HORSE: How To Kxow flne; 7 Breep It} 70 THAIN HaC; To BOE Hix, AND 10 Duwve Hose, . By Winngasc 1L, 1, Munnay, with an {n traduction by the Rey, HENRT WARD BEEGUER ; and & Treatlao on Agriculturo and the Horse, by tio 1o, Grouur B, Loning, Doston: Jawes R, Osgood & Co, * Ohicago: W, B. Kocne, Cooke & Co. This is not a stud-boolk, nor o treatise for a votorinary surgeon ; but it is just such a work as oll moen who waunt to buy & horso, nod to know how to traln and to use him, should carofully consult, Written by a gentle- man of caroful obsorvation, of cultivated tasto, and sharp, shrowd senso, and whose profession 28 o roligious toncher has tanght him to make hin princlplos and bis facts rondily understood by tho peoplo, the work, as might bo expected, ‘faone of great practical valuo to the publio. ‘Every gentloman who wishes to purchaso a pair of carriago horses, or oven one for a buggy, may, with s fow hours' caroful reading, snve ten timos the cost of tho book in making his purchngo. oIt gives plates, with podigreo, of somo of the finest horses in tho conntry, and almost makes onoe envious of those who have tho wenlth and the lefsure to own a farm well stocked with horses of tho bost blood and the rarest beat- ty. * But, as tho sunshino and the green flelds ara God's blessed gift to all, 50 all may admito tho splendid tenms of his moro fortwnato fellows ag thoy dash by with tho spood of tho wind, Mr. Murray writes of the horse as an enthusi- 8iio admiror and friend of this noble auimal, While his admiration beams out from overy age, his stylo is ‘perspiouots, and bin oncriptions are graphic and comprehensive. ‘We cordially and without roservo commend tho book to the public. 3fr. Murrayshows his appreciation of Presi~ dont Grant’s tastes and distates by dedieating the book to him. Mo cortafuly knows more abont horses and- horsg-racing than ho does about finance and the varied snd complicated quostions of juternational luw. Of courso, tho Prosident will give the work tho prestige of his froat influenco,—s most_important cloment_in Judging of ite succoss with o critical and dis- oriminating public. , American Birds. KEY TO AMERIOAN BIRDS: CONTATNING A CoNe crse ACCOUNT OF EvELY STECI:H OF LIVING AND Fasstz, Btup AT PRESENT KNOWN ON TIL CONTI- NENT, NORTI OF THE MEXICAN AND UNITED STATES Bounpany. Tlusiraied by 6 Bteol and Upward of 250 Wood Cuts. By Etriorr Cours, Assistant Sur- con Unilod Stafes Armv. Salem: Naturalists’ getcy, ete. Ohicago: Junsen, McClurg & Co. Thigis s very olnborate and comprehonsivo work. Whilo adhering to scientifle description and classification, tho suthor gives the popular namo of our mord common birde, with degcrip- tions of their Lnbits and charactor, readily under- stood by ordinary readers. Ornithology is & ‘mont intoresting and profitable study, uliike to those whoso cultiveted tasto leads them fo sdmiro tho plumago aud listen with mpturo to the songs of iho robin sud tho other joyous warblors of tho forest; and to the farmor, whose friends most of thom are. 3r, Coucs has srranged his work sud bronght ts doscriptions within. the compro- Bension of all who will patiently pursuo tho subject. A vory little practico n obsorving tho charroteristics of bivds, aud careful comparison, will cnablo tho student to find both tho genoric and the pocifio namo of any bird whoso babits hio may wish to know, Tho workis a most val~ uable contribution to our popular sciontifle lit~ orature, Foods, FOODS. By Epwanp Sarrn, M, D, F, R. 8,, Fel- Iow of the Royn} Cullege of Fayziciuns, London, New York ; D, Appleton & Co, * ‘What kinds of food and drinks will best pro- mote tho hoalth, thio strongth, and the long lifo of the human family, is o vital subjeet of in- uiry to each individual; and it is certainly ono that should command tho attontion of tho physi~ cinn, tho political economist, and the stateaman. Qur Governmont hus suown commoudsble wie- dom by importing secds nud cuttings from othor conntrics, aud diffusing thom among the poople, The kind of food to bo wsed, aud tho amount necosuary to sustain in active lifo each individual, vary groatly with tho olimato in which ono lives, and the physical exertion he is obliged to put forth, The Esquimau sips with dolight his train-oil, whilo tho Hottentot is_eatistied with the fruits that grow spontancously in his native forest. Honco anv rules in regar to food must be varied by o thousand differont circum- stances. In tho worlk bofore us, Dr. Smith gives a “? claborato, yeb concise, statoment of the dif- foront vorioties of food, nud of their value to mmmkind. Tho laboring man can find what ata ‘most nutritious, and can readily judge hov, for the loast amount of money, ho can_secuta tho Jargest amount of nourishimont for himeolt and family, The epicarc will also find his most fa-~ vorito viands fully desorioed, nud, peroliance, fob now suggestions for tho higher gratitication of his appetite. ‘Tho book is \\'orlhr ta teko rank among the standard aud valuablo works issucd Dy the Applotous, wai Wav-Bux, By Mrs, Joun I, Rixzie, ‘Philadelphia ¢ J. B, Lippiucott & o, ‘Among all tho oldor citizons of Ohicago, thia work of Mrs. Kinzie nceds no rocommendation, 1t contains & unrrative of tho carly sottloment of tho Northwest, tho facts of which are mora in- toreating than any romance ovor ecun be. Blry, zlo kmew porsonslly of what she wroto. She wss for many years —oug of the most nccomplishied ladien'in our Chicago soclety, aud her momory is most deur to thoso ko woro horo fificon of twenty years ago, To commond her book o our presont titizens would scem almost supertluout, —_— ransfusion of Btood. A succossful casg of immedisto {ransfusion of bload by Dr, Albini, of Naplos, is rolatod by Dr. Muckwen in tho Jast number of the Glasgow Medical Journal, 'Fho transfualon was frou the Ccarotid artory of o lamb into the velus of o lady oxhaustod by homorrhage. A gum elagtis tubo about s hnlf metroin longth wus insertod itto the nrtery of tha lunb, and placed in comumuai- catlon with the vein oponed iu tho avm of tho sntiont. At the extromity of & similar tubo two ubios of glues were jolued in suoh o mannor ag {o remain fixed on one uide of the oxposod snd incisod nrigry of tho lamb, and on the other to tho denudoed veiu of tha Indy, inlo which tho {ransfusod bloud flowad, Dr.Albini ronounces Tigucoforth tho usual syringe, Pre{nrrlug to uso tho natural pump, the hoart of tho animal iteolf, which, with vigaraus contractions, i uble to im- pel & liberal eupply of blood into the arm of & pationt. —_— rone Dr. Adam Smith, ina paper read bofor etho TLondon Socloty of Arts, recommonds tho usa of ton inthe fol'owing oasoss Aftor n full meal vehol: thio syaten lsopprossed ; for the oorpulonk and the old; for hot climates, and ospecially for those who, hvlng thore, oat freely, or drink milk oralcohol; in onses of suspended auimation 3 for aoldiers who, in timo of peaco, taka too much £00d in elation to tho wasto procoeding iu tho body 1 for soldiers sud othera marobing in hot clmaton, for then, h{ prmnaliur ‘ovaporation and uoollngth- body, It prevents in a dogroe tho effoots of $00 much Tovd, a8 of 100 kroat Licat.