Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 15, 1873, Page 4

THE CI—ITCAG() DAILY TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, JULY 15, 1873, i - e it isamaitiones T e i = TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE/ .. TERM8 OF BUNRORIPTION &PA‘AIILK T ADVANOE). v 3120 Bunda RN Raomen, 5001 Wl 1 ®2.60 Tartn of o yoar At th samo mto, To provont dolny and mistakos, bo suro and givo Post 0o adidress in full, including Stato and County, ‘Remittancos mny bo mado oithior by draft, oxpross, Post ©ftico ordor, o in ronlstoced lutiows, at our risk. TENND TO CITY AUNSCHINERA, Toils, doliverad, Bunday excoptort, S conte por wock, Tinly, dollvored, Sunday fneludod, 80 conts por wook, Addrosa TIIF, TRIRUNIC COMPARY, Corner Madlson and Dearhorn-ats., Ohloago, 11, TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS. LEY'S TIHEATRE~Randolph troot, betwoon Ollnlrokonnd Laallo, '* Homo." e TS THEATRE—Madion atraot, hotwoon p‘n‘l?\Yn‘r‘fl“.'.'lh Btate, Tho Katlo Putunm 4'roupe. *World and Stago." NIXON'S AMPHITIEATRE-Olinton st W omon And Hadoigt Tony Lastor ination, "BUSINESS NOTICES. o ROYAL HAVANA LOTTERV-WI HOLD drawig ot 20 Avel lust o #6000 prize: Lizoulars tonty fofomuadun on . 11 MARTINGG &CO. o, Wl 1, o, Now York 0 : KTORS AR DYE, TIIE §P) B o bost i o world; T only o par- H2aL 4175, Tiarmtoas, ollabio, and insiantancous; hoglexp: ointinont ; no ridiculous tinta it o US. ‘I“ = Sion tho i olfuotn of ag dyos and washios,” Produces im- rediaialy gt baek oratstugelbrow and osvos ity and bonutifae 3 aiegloan, port, and bosguital, Lhe Senoe ERNLIS ATOHELOR, Provtintor, N. ¥- The Chicago Teibune, TN Tuosdoy Morning, July 1B, 1873, The losros by the fire at Grand Rapids, Mich., woro somowhat oxaggerated by tho firstaccounts. Thoy are found not to oxceod £300,000, which i corlainly serious enough for n placo of that gizo. Tho insuranco will reach 103,148, forgt. Buckleywns nominated by the Mayor yostorday to succood Oapt. Hickey, and was unanimously coufirmed by the Common Council. The appointmont of Dr. Miller as momber of the Board of Licalth in placo of Dr. Rauch was luid over. . Tho Spanish Governmont has recourso to an unwonted policy of concilintion-in dealing with ho Cuban insurgents. A decroe hag beon issuod rostoring to tho robels aud their sympathizers tho estatos confiacatod by tho odicts of seques- tration promulgated by previous administrations. Now York may escapo the Bundny-boer agita- tion which was throatened in the announcement thnt tho Excise law weuld be onforced on and: ter tho 12th jnst., The Exolso Commissioners jeny that thoy authorizod tho statement that who law would sgain Lo put into oporation on that day, and significently negloct to montion ny date on which it shall Lo enforced. President MacMahan follows tho oxample of tho ex-Empress Eugonio, and uunbosoms hiy siews of Stato policy to s nowspaper roportor. Mis policy Les two cardinal points—Ilaly and the army, France must not allow the Popo to bo oxpelled from Lhis dominions ; everything that can be dono to pre- vent that ehall bo done. As for the army, therein lies the only hiope for the fature of Frauce, Tho nrmy will bo the bulwark of its liborties and its defonso againut foroign aggrossions, A curious story comes over tho cablo of & plot to rob the Bhah of his jowels and his begommed overcont. The parties who figure in this Now- gato tale aro an English Colonel, n Jow dlamond- broker, an Avmonisn money-lendor of Alsppo, nnd o first-class burglar. The Shah was to be onticed into tho Colonel's house to sos his pretty Aaughtor, and then was to bo rolioved of his vuluables, Owing to tho presonce of mind of & London doteolive, the schome failod. A motion to appoint a Committos to devise legislation to check tho tendency of the Church of England towards Catholiclsm was rojected by tho Englich Houso of Lords yesterdsy, but the debnte was spirited and interesting, Tho ocen~ sion of the rosolution was tho potition of 483 Epiacopal clorgymen that tho confessional nindon part of the Church sorvice. The Archbish- opof Canterbury supported the motion, snying that there wna good cause for alarm. Other Church dignitaries doplored this threntened re- Inpso into Popery, but thought thomatter too visionary for the notice of Parlismont. The clergymen who signed the petition reforred to - constitute only 214 per cont of the clorical ody of the Church. The Chieago produce markots wore quiot yos- torday. DMess pork wad insctive_and unchanged ab @10.40@10.60 cash, and $15:60@16.60 solier August, Lard was quiot and Lo per 100 1bs higher, at $8.26@8.85 cash, and-#8,40@8.45 sol- lec August. Meats wore quiot and firm, at 73(@ f{c for shoulders, 9¢ for middles, and 10@ 123¢e for eweot-pioklod hams. Highwinos woro fnrotivo, and nominelly firm at 803@900 per gallon, Lake froights wore moderately nactive. and a shade firmer, at Glgo for corn by sail to Buffalo, Flour was dull and nnchanged. -Wheat wus quiet aud steadior, closing strong at 81.103¢ cash, and 1.13@1.135 sollor August. Corn wan dull and 1@1}¢c lowor, closing at S5@I63o cash, and 373¢@373¢0 nollor Avgust, Oats woro modorately aotive and 3o lower, closing ot 281¢ @283 cash, and 23¢ soller August, Xyo was dull and lowor, closing nt 57c. Barley was inac- Live and nominally firm at 63c for now No, 2, and £0@61c for do oller Soptomber, Tho hog mar- ket oponod fairly motivo, but closod dull and honvy ; salod at 84.16@4.85. Cattlo and shoop ware in light domand at about formor rates. Tho .Towa Stato Ropublican Convention o- contly pansod the following rosolution : Wo doclaro It the duty of overy Ropiiblican ta op- posotho election of a Lad man and focompotent can- didate, whether ho Lo o csudidato upon our own or wuy otbor ticket, An Capt. Jnck Bunaby romarls, “ The point of this 'ero olsorwation lios in the application on it." 'Tho Cherokeo (Ia.) Zimes mukos tho ap- plication in this caso by printing the Stato Re- publican ticket at tho hoad of its columus with the excoption of Gov. Carponter's name, in whoso placo, it subntitutes “An Hon- it Man, of mny County.” It follows up iho applieation veory vigorously by de- nouncing Gov, Carponter for tho Rankin dofaleation, and for doclaring, as Governor of Town, thet he did mot know of any tbond, when & boud was subsequontly found with tho uamo of 0, C. Carpontor onit, Iftho rewo- lution of the Iowa Republican Convention meang anything, it moany that’ ovory man has the right, which the Ohorokee Timesman hay duly ovorcised, of opposing the election of & bod man snd incompotont candi- *| ‘recoguition and protection to thioir pocullar intorests somo two or throo yeatrs back, and nowhoro more voliomontly than In tho Stato of Tows. THE FARMERS' MOVEMENT A8 A NEW i PARTY, - Gawtow, TiL, July 13, 1873, To the Kditor of The Chieago Tribuns : ¥ 8in: Iam led to infor by cditorials {n Tis Truiuxe itk you nro diaposed to favor tho movomant which has boon inaugurated by, tho tarmiers, Jooking to tho formation of political parly which shall givo groator than has beon horotoforo dono by tho politieal partios .whicli bavo rulod tho country, e Tomnn young man, Just 2L yoars ofd, T hnvo yot to cast my . first volo. I am a chool- toncher, oud om proparing o mako tho Iaw my profossion, I esnnot vory well {anore politica, All good citizons should take somo Intoreat in tho ad- ministration of publio: affalrs, and I recognizo the tm- portanco of assoclation’ snd organization in the fur- therance of partioular viewa or principles, Tundorstand that Trux TRILUNE is opposed to hoth tlie Ropublican and Democratic partics, and, as far as 1t favora any party, 18 diaposod tofavor this new Farm- ora’ party, Now,ns I am not o farmor, sud do not . oxpeat to follow agricultural pursulls, ought I to sily mysclf with this now movement? By doing so,do I not ndmit tliat farmers have wrongs which can bo rodresscd in mo othor .manner? And, ngain, 88 farmors aro supposed tobo inamajorityin this country, if they should boocomo so organized into o polltical partysa to got controlof tho Govornmont, would thoy not bo diaposed to favor themelves ne s clnas, evon if it should ‘be to the dotriment of other clnasca? And, if this atato of things shonld bo brought about, would wo not be glving encouragomont to ‘mechandca in localities whoro thoy might bo ina major- ity to run tickets of thelr own? .In short, if this Farmers' Movement becomes succesaful, might wo not expoct othor intorcsta to combine and run tickets of tholr own? And, if this thidg should swallow up ox- fsting parties, might wo not look for & war of clussea instead of & war of races 7 . ¥ " T would like to havo you dlscuss those polnts in Tre TRINUNE, 88 1 regard them ds very important oonsid- erations for tho poople just at this timo, 88 it scoms that they are tho priucipal argumeonts put forth by tho opponents of the Farmors' Movomout, g Now, sir, you no doubt think, from reading tho fore- golng, that Iam in opposition to the Movement, If 50, you are mistaken, for I sssure you that,if the Farmors® Movemont hoa embodied in it the principios 1 think it hias, X am with it, and for it, and aliall do all in my power to promote ila success, I am, very truly, yours, P, W. GALLAGUED, ANBWER, Tho gist of tho foregoing lottor sooma to bo_ émbodied in the inquiry: * Ought I to ally my- solf with this now movemont; by doing #o, do I not aamit that farmers have, wrongs which can bo redressed in no othor mannor?” Not oxactly. You morely admit that farmers havo wrongs which are not likely to bo redressed in any othor manner. Whether any person ought to ally himsolf with this new movemont dopends upon whothor ho thinks the movement on the wholo a bettor ono than any parly now ex- isting. Asn gonoral truth, wo should say that somo kind of a ‘‘movemont” is bottor than stagnation. Tho Democratio party has been stagnant theso fourteon years, Tho Republican porty bos boon stagnant about four years, Tho condition of stagnauncy sot in as moon ng the worl for which tho party was formed had been accomplished. Bubsidios, jobs, Crodit Mobilicrs, salary-grabs, custom-house frauds, Gen. But- lor, Loot & Btocking, San Dommngo, Chorpon- ning claims, carpet-bagism, thoh camo in a8 naturally as animaleules in stagnant wator. Aovement of somo kind is tho thing wantod, Xt was neoded last yoar. ‘It is noeded still moro this year, and will be needod more and moro ovory yoar till it comes, If the farmers can givo it to us, thoy will bo ontitled to the thankas of evorybody save the ofiice-holdors. ‘Tho phraso ** Farmors' Movoment " i, perhaps, misleading. InIowa, tho word ** Anti-Aonop- oly ” has beon adopted to designate the samo movement that ishoro callod Farmors’ Move~ mont. Wo nro notawaro that tho farmara contem- plato making war npon tho intorests of mechun- ics, or miners, or sailors,’ or fishermon, or cler- gymen, or nuy othor vocation, Nor do we soo how thoy could accomplieh Larm to other vo- cation- oven ‘if a party, of which thoy should constituto a large numerical majority, should got posscesion of ovory offico n the ooun- try, from President down. At the boginning of such movements thoro will alwaya bo more' or losa confusion. Extraordinary demands will be 8ot up, Hot-hoadoed porsons will havo thelr say, and may, for a time, tako tholesd. But in the long run common songo ‘will provail. Wo have oxpressed our gratification at the Fourth of July Audross of Mr. 8. M. Smith, Beorotary of tho * IMNagls Btato Farmors’ Assooiation,— # gontlomau with whom wo have mnot beon ablo at all Dmes to agreo, Mr. Smith is tho loader par excellerion of the Farmers' Move- mont in this Btate, by vixtuo of his industry, en- thusinem, and sipgleness of purpose. ITo hing stated tho objects and purposes of tho Farmors® Movement to bo mainly theso: (1) To educate tho farmors (2) to Aight thoigown battlos, instosd of loaving thom to o hordo of. old_party mecds uarics; (3) to compol rallronds to worls AF 8 fuir profit on tho capital ~ actualy” invested in (hom, Probably no botter dofinition of tho aims of the Farmors’ Movomant could bo made at the rvosent tinto. BIr. Gallagher is undoubt- “odly competent now to answer his own ques- tona for himeolf. If ho thunks that movement is bottor than etagnation, and that the throo aima presentod by Mr. 8, M. Bmith aro Iaudablo, ho will, porhaps, sco that Lo can Join what in called tho Farmors' Movement without himsolt bocoming a fermer, without sntagonizing any othor honest voeatlon, and without dangor of bringing on a war of classes. e er———— ‘WATERED RAILROAD BTOCKS, The Now York Times rocently printed an ar- ticlo calculated to creato {bo impression that it i imposkiblo to ascertain tho actual cost of rail- rouds in this country, and consoquently impossi- ble to figure out the amount of watered stock on which dividonds are declared. The Zimes pro- ‘pounded tho following conundrum ¢ Would it bo easy to ascortain to-dsy how much cap- ital actually paid in is rapresented by the stocks snd bonds of tho Erfo Raflway ? Would it bo easy to got attho samo facts regarding tho Ifudson River and Ceutral Rallronds ? Tu tho caso of tho Weatorn ronds, tho difculties would not o lessened by tho fuct thut tuo ownern are nearly all Exstorn oud foreign capital. 1ata, Tho gront Illinols Contral, for instauce, which huy dono so much toward building up the State, fs owned partly in Iolland and largoly fn England; tho Rock Tulund {a ownod moatly in this city ; the Burlington & Quiney {8 ownoad principally in New England, o Tho answer to all this is, that it is not nocos- sary to aseertain to the vory dollar and cent the proportion of watered stock on which the rafl- ronds aro forcing the people to pay their dividands by oxcessive charges, Thoro are numerous and onsy weya to approximato the actual cost of all rallronds, and the proportion of watered stock In somo of them is 80 onormous that the poople will bo satisfied with_ cutting off the bulk of it that can readily be tracod to flotitious fssues, Of the 67,104 milos of rallroad now in tho coun- try, over 50,000 miles have boon built sinco 1853, or within twenty years; and 84,000 miles, or more than one-half of the entire amount, have been constructed within the pust ton yoars. Xtis dato, whothor ho be & mnomince of tho Republican party or not, Yot it was for the oxerciso of this right, which it neaded no Republican Btate Convontion to de- + flne, that Tux CuicAdo THBUNE was denotnoed by no means an impossible task to go over ten yenra, or ovon twenty yonrs, to collect evidonco of the circumstancea attonding now lssues of railrotid stock, if each community interosted shall gof ituelf to work to do this, But ovon this i not neoessary. The peoplo will bo contont to seize upon the palpablo and notorious ivatances of watering stock, and will be content It they- shall succood in reducing tho rates of transpor- tatlon in proportion to this roduction of enpital ontitled to dividends, The great bulk of tho rail- ronds constrnctod n the West within tho past ton yoars hinvo boon buiiit on tho Crodit Mobilier system. Whero this system s found, and it ean bo found in nenrly eovery case of s oonstruction ring, the pooplo will not nood to pothor with flgures. Thoy know that the aotnal cont of tho roada constructed on this plan is reprosented by the bonds and tho subsi- “dlos, nnd that tho stock, takon by the construc- tion ring ns thelr profite, is over nnd above tho amount of monoy sctually invested. It will bo a mattor of no dificulty whatovor to dotermino in thoso instances what amount of capital is ou- titlod to carn dividonds, and what proportion of capitnl stock must be wipod ont—ns o flotion. Thoro aro othor menns of ascortaining noarly onough for all prastical purposes the amount of watored or flotitious.capital stook in tho various railrond componics Talke tho Now York Contral and Erio Roilroads, which oare cited in tho Times problem. Tho Erle Rallrond opor- nton 014 milos of railrosd, only 459 milos of whioh balongs to its main lino, a Inrgo propor- tion of its branch lincs being lensed. Tho total amount of capital stock, bonds, and floating dobt of tho Erio Road in 1872 was $112,005,710. Tho numbor of milesactually owned by the Com- pany was aboub 580, at which rato the entiro onplital roprosents o valuo of nonrly $200,000 a milo ; or, allowing the road a roprosentation in its capital stock for all its leased branchos, o cost of $123,561 a milo. Tho Now York Central Railroad oporatos 844 milos, 104 miles of which aro loased. Allowing thom, nlso, a full repro- sontation for their lonsod ronds in tholr capital (to which thoy nre notontitled, since thoy noither built nor bought tho lensed lines), and thoir rond i8 represonted to have cost 124,006 per milo, since the entire capital, including indobt- ednoss, i8 ©104,001,215, Now, the averago cost of railronds througlout the country—according to Poor's statemont just iseued—is §65,116 por milo. If wo allow thoso two roads 50 por cont ench above the average cost of roads in the country, which would apponr to bo a liboral ostimate, thoy should not have cost moro than 83,076 per milo for the wholo extent of rosd built and lensed. At this rato, the Now York Contral has » capital of $41,331 por milo, or §84,883,364 in all, over and abovo tho cost of all the road it oporates 3 and the Erio Company has o capital of $40,880 por mile, or $87,369,804 altogothor, in oxcoss of tho logitimato cost. T'his makes a flotitious capital of $72,263,168 for thaso two roads alono, on which the Central declares 8 per cont dividends. But thero are alao other obvious indicationa of watored stocl, to arrive at which will be & mat- tor of no great difficulty. In tho cass of the Now York Contral, s stock dividond of 80 por cent of the entire capitnl was declared at ono Bwoop. The Company took an inventory of all ite roal cstato mlong tho lino, its depots, side- tracks, ote,, all of which had oither beon given to them or paid for out of the current ournings of tho road; and, estimating this prop- orty at its prosont largoly-onhanced valus, found it to Do equivalont to 80 por cont of its capital stook, and theroupon increased its eapital stock just that smount. Thiswasa palpablo fraud upon the public. In regard to tho Western rail- ronds, enough watored stock can bo traced out to makio vory matorial roductions on the present ratos. "' Btock dividends can onsily bo found whorover.they havo been declared. In the ¢aso of tho Chicago & Alton and tho Illinols Contral TRonds, it is claimed that thore was &, loss in oporating ilom for several yoars; that both zonda wont through bankruptey; and, sftor they becamo profitablo, ‘the owners insisted that now stock should bo issued to somo oxtont to roproront old lusses. Whothor thesa cladms are woll founded, wo do not undortako to say. Othor instances of watored stock will bo readily discovered when soughtfor. We bavo slroady expressod tho opinion that this watered stook ia tho ronl grourd on which the farmera should make thelr 4ght against tho railronds, It " nccounts for' any oxcessive dividonds which may be mad0 up from oxcossive chargoes. Tho domand of the’ farmors will bo entiroly Justifiable m?dfla ground., It will sttract tho active co-ojvration of all men who are opposed to givinp monopolics somothing for nothing, nwd it il not drive off thoso who boliova that tho rpTroads ought to carn a roasonablo Intorost ontho capital actually invested, Enough hne boen said to Indicato that the .approximato pro- portion of watered stook fn tho railrond compa- nica can bo ascortained without much difiiculty, ————— THE SHAH AND THE SNOIS, To judgo from the routing accounts of tho cor- rospondonts thero has nover beforo beon such a display of tondyism and snobbery a4 on tho oe- casion of the recoption of tho * King of Kings,” ‘who rules over o small batoh of degraded peoplo and devotes thorovonuos of the Stato to tho pur- chaso of jowelry and concubinos for himself. London sooms toLaverin wild over tho occa- sion, and tho model Queon and tho wholo ma- ‘ehinory of Stato appoar to have beon givon up to tho emtortainmont of n disgusting savage. Tt wna for this eort of individual that hundrods of thousands of dollars have been spent by the Btato, and that British nabobs have vied with onch other in their balls, banquets, and enter- tainments, There have been naval roviews and ‘operatic ghows. Members of Parliamont have mninly - epent their timo in standing on ginger-boor barrols {o catch o glimpse of this big Oriontal tiger. Tho speculators in opora-tickets dold out nt prices ranging a high 250 on tho night of the Bhal's visit. A sort of congorvatory attached to the Royal Opera-~ Houno, was fitted up with about 1,200 sonts, and tho groat and indepondont Britons paid ag high a8 $11 0 sont to onteh o glimpse of thoe ‘bojow- olod and bodizoned Perainn, taking thoir sonts at B o'clock in the afternoon and waiting for hiy appoaranco till aftor 9 o'clock in tho ovening, Thon ho amused himsolf chiofly by epitting on the poople in the pit until tho ballot-dancers camo on, At tho Btate bull givon in his honor, fabulous prices were paid for admisgion tickota to tho floor, whoro thoso pooplo had the rare privilogo of appearing boforo his rogal Poraian oyes in the same poaltion as tho danclug-slavea of his own Larem. Tho sum of £5 por hoad was paid for the privilege of looking on from tho muslofans’ gallory. Thostreots wore crowded and snobdom held undieputed possession of tho motropoliy, Tho nowspaper Jonkingos wore in attendanco, and, whou they couldn's interviow tho Bhsh, made tho best of the mattor by ongaging the confidonco of the Bhal'y £oryanta. Thiy exaggerated condition of National toady- ism, in which, from all accounts, the peoplo of both high aud low dogreo sharod, was called out by a misorablo debanche, who amnsed himsclf principally by ostimating tho attractions of thé womon prosonted to him and offoring a8 high ag £10,000 aploco for those who lispponed to sirike Dis fanoy. Will tho favorod English ladio who hiad this highprice placad upon their attractions rogard tho offer naanew “calch?” Tho Bhnh algo constitutod himaolt an fmpromptu mombor of tho Btate Council, and advised tho Princo of Walos fo ont tho Duke of Coambridge's hond off, ns ho wns growing dangorous- ly rich and powerful, Just ons ho had rocommended tho Emporor William '*to got rid of that old Augusts.” For tho rost, ho spent Llis tmo In disappulnting thoso who had invited Lliim to their housos, or making his appoaranco ot alnto hournt dinnor aftor ho had doclined the invitntion. Thon he sat down and spat out tho vianda on tho carpot when they did not plenso him, nnd got drunk on champagno, -Tho wholo British nation scom to havo prostrated thomeaclvos Dbefore ihls disgusting Orlental brute, and, in doing 8o, desorvo to carry off the palm for toadylsm which has horotofors baon supposod by Englishmen to belong to Amorica. - PAWNBROKERS, . POLICEMEN, THIEVES, The rosignation of Capt. Hickey from the polico force, ponding cortain chargos against hir, will ho accoptod by many ns an admission that those chnrges would have been sustainod. Tho substancoe of the aconsation against him Is that n robbery of 82,000 worth of jowolry was roported to tho police; that subsoquently tho atolen property was placed in tho hands. of Hiokoy subjoct to cortain pocuniary charges; that tho ownor of tho proporty pald €430, and Hickoy rostored tho property. Whothor Hickoy recolved tho $430 for himself or for the unkoown partios, is 8 quostion in dis- puto; ho donifes that = dollar of it passed into his hands, and wo supposo that, it tho proscoution were urged, he could in an ex- tremity produce somebody who had recelved the whole sum. Wo aro not going to discuss tho morits of the Hickey case furthor than to say that, substantially, it is but ono of a thousand similar cagos, andis in porfoct keoping with tho polico practice of this city for the last sixteen yours. If tho dolso made about Hickey shall load to a roform of tho established practice mn such cnses n this city, then 1t will havo dono Bomo gooil ; othorwise, Hickey's romoval or yes- ignation will have no other offect than to placo his share of that kind of businoss in tho hands of o fresh man. Ohicago, like oll other largo cities, includes among its floating population a large number of professional thioves; also o large number of liconsed pawnbrokors. It is possiblo that at timos the two occupations may bo carried on by tho samo person or firm. The police know all the thioves, and can toll tho partioular branch to which oach one is attached, Thoy kuow, aleo, nll tho pawnbrokers. Thereis anothor class of poople, who aro not thioves in tho seneo that thoy steal or’ commit robbery, but who, when o robbery iy committed, csn and will, for o considoration, restoro any partio- ular property,—the - consideration varying according to the valuo of tho proporty. The po- lico know oll theso persons, Whon & man is robbod, o is, as o general thing, more auxious to got his property back than to have the thief punished. Henco tho froquent announcements of offoring to divido with tho thief and * no ques- tions nsked.” When n robbary of property or goods is reported to tho polico, tho first thing dono is to visit the pawn-shops. Wo boliove thoro fs an officor in onch division of tho city assignod to tho duty of taking a lst of ro- AND ported stolen proporty to the pawn-shops, and ascortalning, not by soarch but by inquiry, if the samo has been loft thoro, In a majority of cagos, unless tho property be oxcoedingly valu~ nablo, or g0 bulky as to attract much attention, tho property s found ot & pawnbrokor's, Whero- upon the owner is uotifled that Lio can obtain ‘his spoons, wateh, jewelry, or othor property at Potor Funk's establishment, No. 1 Sixtoonth avonuo, or Wherovor it may bo, but ho will have to pay Lionost Poter ten, fitty, or & hundred dol- lars’ advances made by him to the thief who had pawned it. Having done this much, tho police wash their hands of tho matter, aud it becomes o quostion botween the pawnbroker aud tho ownor. Tho ownor has two romodics: 1. To pay the domand and tako his proporty; 2. To replovy the proporty, employ a lawyer, attond court sov- oral terms, and oventually got judgment, having oxpondod, porhaps, threo times as much in law 88 was domanded by tho pawnbrokers, As a genoral thing, thoroforo, the owner gets his proporty back by paying from 80 to 60 por cont of its valuo. If tho samo articlo'bo stolon & socond timo, the chancos aro he will find it in tho samo shop, and hava to pay o socond time for its rodomption, Now the polico systom of Ohicago, somo yesrs sago, ndopted tho pawnbrokors’ ' shops 8s an nuxiliary of the forco for the rocovery of stolen goods, and thoy hiavo continued to' bo suchuntil the presont timo. Whothor tho £2,000 worth of dismonds in this cnso was roturnod to the owner upon paymont of $480 by a pawnbroker, or by & profossionnl go-kotwoon, or by a polico officer, the crimo ngainst sooiety, ngainst law, ngainat morals, s precisoly tho kmmo, Had Hickey lott tho dismonds ot a pawnbroker's, and sent Lizzio Mooro thero to get thom, it would have cost hor tho samo; but, while that wonld have beon in porfect harmony with ' tho polico practico, how would it have diminished the crimo ? I8 not every case whorestolon prop- erty is thus rostored undor the compulsory pay- mont of money a double crime,—oxtortion from tho ownor, and compounding with the rocoiver and with tho original thoft? It hos not been a8 yoar sinco an ontiro jewolry cstablishmont in thiseity was oarriod off. Within & fortnight the ontiro stock was delivored to tho ownor, ho having putil from 89,000 to 5,000 for ita rostora~ tion. Wo will not do tho polico of thia city the Iujuatico of supposing that thoy do not know all the dotalls of this transgotion, and wo have no doubt that if oach ono of tho 400 polica officora woro dirocted to writo tho name of tho man who ropresonted tho robbers in tho matter, and re- coived tho monoy for them, thore wonld bo bub one namo written by them all, That affair passed into history a3 a precodont, and thore is hardly a wook pnasos, porhaps, that like transactions do not takoplace. Buperintondent Washburn stated thnt whonover porsons robbed advertisoed to pay a roward for the return of property, and “no quostiona asked,” ho had inatructed tho police to givo no attention to such cases, The thleves who stolo the dlamonds in this case unquestion- ably rolied on the entablished polico practico of Ohleago. They intendod to roturn thom, first de- mauding 20 per cent of {hoir valuo, Hickey adinits Lo viclated the rulos technically by delivering the goods himsolf, {netead of tolling the woman whoro sho oould find them, Inthis case, howevor, tho thiof, by some accidont, was capturod, tried. nnd convictod. Ordinarily, such an accldent fovor happena. Tho pawnbroker’s ‘business may bo, and is, honestly conducted in tho cily by somo, nud whon go conducted the discovory of \stolon proporty on such promisos s veory raro.. But it may bo, and is, aleo dishonestly conditotod 1by othiers, and nine-tonths of the young thioves flnd oncouragoment and protection in thelr crimes from theso ostablishmonts. Thoao keop- ora denl dally and hourly with ihieves; ns o rulo, thoy have no other enstomers than thioves ; thoy. kuow. ovory thiof ns well as tho polico do, yot thoy purchaso stolen property open-~ Iy and publicly, and thero {s not power enough in Illinois to conviot thom. It insaid, and wo boliove it to bo truo, that in making tho pawnbrokors of Ohleago an nuxiliary of the polico in tho re- covery of stolen property, thoro is nn undor- standing, if not a gonoral dircotion by the po- lico, that whonever property, partioulady of valuo, is offored undor cireumstances which leave no doubt as to its having boen stolen, tho pawn- brokors shall tako it, thoreby securing it for the owner, ot tho loaat posaible cost, and the pawn- ‘brokers act upon that dircotion of tho polico. It guch a dircction included also & roquiremont that the pawnbroker should furnish the polico with thonamo of tho thief, and should identify him, and ald in his conviction, thero might bo somo palliation for tho rulo, But such a thiog 88 a pawnbroker Ideutifving o thief with whom ho is porsonally no- quainted and has had froquent donlings Booms to bo something boyond the expectationa of anybody. Whatis noeded to bronk up lar- cony and burglary in Qhicago is tho abolition of sll partnorships botwoen the polico and the thiovos—tho abolition of sll partnorships bo- twoen tho polico and tho pawnbrokers, To do this, thero should bo tho prompt indictment and conviction of half-a-dozon pawnbrokers, whoso chilof business is the purchaso of stolon propor- ty; thoseizure of all stolon property when found, and ita delivery, without foo or roward, to tho owner, and the conviction and punishmont of half-a-dozon poraons who, in consideration of thoreturn of tholr property, psy monoy, and compound s folony by agroeing not to prose- cuto, and nover to know anything of tho aftair thoronfter, It tho invostigation of tho Hickey caso shnll break up tho infamous systom or practico by which evory robbery becomes n mattor of nogo- tiation, and a partial'roturn of the stolen prop- erty socures areward, and blota out all crimi- nality, thon tho public will bo bonefited; othor- wiso, wo donot sco that Hickey's retiremont promises any change for the bottor. 5 I AMERIOA AT VIENKNA, ‘The Vienna correspondent of the Now York “Tribunc sends that paper s dotailed account of tho American contributions to the World's Ex- position. Tho catalogno is worth s brief analy- 8ls, not for tho purposo of any national glorifl- cation, but to Ahow to what straits tho lnck of an intelligent approciation of the imporiance of this Exposition has brought tho ropresentation of American industry. The principal American gollory is occupied by o colloction of ploto- graphs, mostly from one New York firm; a largo colloction of chromos, which of necessity must bo good, bad, and indifferont; and o plastor cast of Tonnyson's *Bleoping Beauty,” which was 60 atrociously bad that the Commission- ors would not allow it in the Art Gal- lory. In this gallry thero is also o oreditable display of fire-arms, mostly from the ‘Ordnance Buronu of the War Department, In tho group of musical instrumonts, none of the loading plano-makors of thia country are ropre- sontod. Tho entiro stock comprises five pianos, two zithers, and o eolitary iddlo! Our groal cottoi-weaving fndustry is ropresonted by two ploces of shirtings and o pile of prints; shoo manufacturing, byono caso of shoes ; rubbor work, by twolvo paira of rubber boots ; liquors, bya fow cnses of Catawbn wincs, o barrel of Kontucky whisky, and » fow bottles of gin, Thero {8 also o large numbor of soda- fountains, whick .ara insctive, from the fact that Baron Schwartz granted the con- cossion of drawing Amerlean soda-wator toaparty of Englishmen. A miscellancons ns- sortment of patent notions of the Connocotiout ordor, mixed up with dontists’ materials, curtain fixtures, cod ivor oil, oto., complotes the cata- logne for-this gullory. In tlio main court thero Is a groat varioly of Rowing-machines, and very littlo olse, except a few cookiug-stovos, ‘cart-whools, jack-planos, door-knobs, and hatch- ota, Tnthoeouth gallery our national sgricul turo {8 roprosonted by a collection of Southern products alone. Mining, quarrying, and motal- lurgy aro only pariially roprosented, and the educational gronp is by no moaus what tho - Educational Buroan promised it should be. Tho rost of ihe American cataloguo comprisos o map of Philadolphis, a ‘modal of the Louisvillo Bridge, somo wood from ‘Indiana, somo black walnut from New York, and a balo of cotton from Memphis, What is not ox- hibited i8 much moro oxtensive than what ia. ‘While tho gallerion of other nations aro packed to roplotion, the American gallories prosont great blanlgspacos, althongh an offort hins beon modo to sproad out 88 much as possible. Thore is wearcoly an inportant branch of Ameri- can industry ropresentod. A fow bales of cotton represont the great agricultural resources of this country, Tho West and tho Paciflo Statos are comparatively not represontod at all In any particular. What s foreignoer, wish- Ing to got n comprohonsive idea of this country aud ite rosourcos, would most paturally look for, is not there ; what Lo caros nothing about, ig there in profusion. The result of this must inovitably bo tolower this country in tho ostima- tlon of Europeave. As o poople, we have nover been very slow in proclaiming tho superiority of tho univorsnl Yankeo nation to the rost of tho world, and now, when woe havo had our oppor- tunity to make good our boast, wo fall bolow all other natlons. It is not diffoult to traco the causos of this fail- ure. Apart from the pack of Incompotent and corrupt Commissionors who were appointed to look aftor the interouts of Amorican exhibitors, and who so oriously and slmost fatally botehed their business, the Govornmont iteelt nevor had any realizing idoa of tho importauce of tho Exposition, and consoquently the appropristion and all the offiolal me- tlon woro dolayed =m0 long that there was 10 timo to mako a propor roprosontation. As tho Amerlean Departront has rosulted, 1t is now clear enough that it would have boen botter it Amorica hiad not boon reprosonted at all, It would havo saved us tho national humiliation consequont upon tho corrupt and morcenary cons duct of the Commiesioners, which moro than onco provoked forelgn robuke for ita grood snd ineolonco; and it would also have sparod us from making an in- adequato 6nd almost contomwtible oxhibi- tlon of tho lonst important romourcos of tho country. 1In tho managomont nnd rosult of tho American Departmont at Vienns, thero fa an- important hint for tho managors, of our- own Intor-Blotd Expoition in Soptombornoxt. Thero is dangor that tho falluro at Vienna may bo ro- pentod on o smallor scalo at Oliengo by oflelal dolngs, The building will, undoubtedly, bo flnisliod {n timo, but. this fs & emall itom, Tho .oxlibition I advertisod to . commonco Bopt. 16. Only sbout olght wooks re- main, theroforo, in which to socurs s roprosentation of Amorican industry and agriculs tural, mining, and artistio r@sources. And yot wo cannot discovor that any dofinito steps have boen taken. It wasconcodod atthe outsct that mualo was to form ono of tho princlpal attrac- tions, but nothing has hoon dono yot to scoure it, A circular to artlsts haa but just boon fesucd, whon overy artlut of prominence in tho country is owsy from homo for tho summor. Thore is wuothing to show that prog- ross has Doen made in any other dopart- mont. The rosult of this will bo that tho man- sgomont will bave to fall back upon Chicago. It would be a much wiser polioy to' postpono it until Octobor, & veory appropristo time, s it will bo the suniversary month of the flro, than torun s risk of failuro. It would bo bottar for tho oity, indood, to have no Exposition at all than to advertise it all ovor the country and have it rosult in a fingeo. 2 REPUBLICANISM IN EU4lOPE. 1t there aro any sobor-minded pooplo in France and Spain, thoy may woll ask the question which 18 60 offon asked in this country—* Whithor ara wo drifting?” Both theso countrics are rapldly drifting away from Republicanism ard apparont- 1y towards Communism, which is only the fora- runner, howover, of monarchy; Communism is but & grand riot and dobauch, in which the low- ost; most vicious and degradod eloments of so- cloty come to tho surfaco and obtain, the magtery for a time, but oventually ruin thomselves by their own excesses, Abso~ lute power puts it down, and tho man who is Btrong onough to bo mostor of tho situation builds his throno upon the ruins, The politioal situation both in Spain nnd Franco offors no guaranteos for the succous of Republicanism in Europo, and tho hasty congratulations of our own Govornmeont, after the overthrow of Ama~ dous nnd Napoloon, in tho lght of present af- {airs, now read like hollow mockery. Whatever may have beon the incapacity of Amadous, the Ropublican administration which suc- coedod him has boon infnitely worso. A sorions blundor ovorthrew Napoleon, but tho Ropublican Government of Franco has boen marked by s succession of blunders—the gront- ost of all boing tho defeat and consequontly forced rotiromont of M. Thioers, the only man in Franco who has yot shown auy sbilityin laying the foundations of » Ropublic. Amadous was com- pelled to abdicato out of sheer despair over tho proapects of reconciling the innumerable fac- tions 1n tho Empire to nnything like good government or pormauont political ordor, and from that day to this tho Span- ish Ropublic has boon mothing but o huge monsgerie with all the animals lot out of their cagos, The two great Ropublican oxporiments of the prosent yoar aro, 80 far, fail- ures. Spain has had noarly o year in which to porfoct her Government, and has accomplished nothing, but, onthe other hand, thore are mora irroconcilablo factions under tho Republic, than thero wore wunder tho Empire. Frauco has boen - s Ropublic nearly two yoars, with an Aesombly seoking to exer- cise suprome power, and making no progross in Ropublicauism, but, on thé other hand, tak ing a long stop towards monarchy by removing o Conservativo Republican and placing & Mon- archist in tho Prosidontial Chair, who has no an- tocedonts which aro not connccted with tho army, and no policies excopt thoss he .has lonrned in his study of *‘The Napoloonio Idea.” A short timo sinco tho Bpanish Govenment caused it to be officidlly announced that o cor- don of troopa would be drawn around all tho dis- affootod districts, and that a cortain timo wounld ‘ba givon for submission to tho Republic, failing which, submission would bo enforced by military power. What, howaever, is tho situation to-day ? Aroign of torror and anarchy oxists .throughout tho wholo of Spain, Tho Government troops under Gon. Oabrinotty have been utterly do~ foated by Saballa, a Carlist chief, andtho Gon- oral himsolf killed. Many of Lis men surren- dered without firing & ahot, owing to lack of dis- cipline, tho dispatcheseay, which probably means that tho troops wore disaffected, and are now in tho Cartist ranks, At Alcoy, one of the most important commorcial towns in Spain, and noted for its cotton, woolen, and papor manufactories, the Internationals havo rison, aseassinated tho Mayor and Tax-Collector, burnod many of the factories, and hold posses- sion of tho town. At Malsgs, the peoplo have rison and overthrown the municipality, oxpole ling somo ofiiciale, and assassinating tho rest. Moanwlile, the OCarlists, who woro to bo swrounded with the . Ropublis can cordond, have ovorrun the Provinces of Castilo, Burgos, Loon, and QGaliols, and tho inhabitants aro flocking to tho standard of Don Carlos. Itreada like a grim joko in tho dispatchos, the announcomont that the Govern- mont has gont a digpatch to tho Oaptalu-General of Cuba, suthorizing him to adopt tho same ox- traordinary measuros against tho insurrectioniats of that island ns have been resorted to by tho Govornmont for tha euppression of the Carlist insurrection. If theso moasures, however, have the same oxtraordinary rosult, tho condition of Cuba will bo pitiable indeed. . This is tho condition of things in Bpain, How stands Franco? What hopo is thers in tho othor Ropublican oxporimont ? M. Thiors was drivon £rom his offlco of Prosidont to a seat In tho.Assombly aftor ho had accomplished the groat work of paying tho war iudomnity and do- livering France from Gorman ocoupation. Thon, it ovor, was tho timo to emphasize Republican- lam, but, in tho place of supporting M. Thiors, the Assombly culled s goldier to tho Presidontial chair who seoms to ropresont nothing but the muzzle of o caunon, and whose namo has not beon montioned In conneotion with any political ovont or movemont alnco his eloae tion, Meanwhilo, tho Assembly runs into tu- mult and disorder. On Baturday last tho ofllcial riot booamo g0 great that the Assombly had to discontinuo ite sossion. It was like an Ameri- oan caucus {hat breaks up in arow, When the sossion was rosumod, Gawbeits asconded tho tribune and nddressod tho Assombly, When ho eaid Franoo was rovolutionary, ho sounded tho key-noto of the situation. Whon tho revolution comes, g como it must, then the silont flgure- hoad will bo ready to place & orown upon eome occupant of the Presidential Chair, Moanwhile the Revublio of Switzorland haa oxiated for forly yoars or more, undlaturbed by tho great wara and polltical revolutions which “havo~liseu golng on ‘alt'around-it: -Year aftor yoar, it hag xrqnudmli itselt mora firmly In all tho pormnnont olafontaof Hepublicanism, un. til it hins bocome as immovablo aa its own moun- taius, A study. of . thig little Ropublic might convinoo tho Fronoh' and Spanisli miatou: mon that Topublicanism, to bo ' succossbul, must emanate from on oducated poople, not from Assomblios or Presidonts ; that the peoplo muet firat loarn to gavorn thomsolves, through the modium of common schools, beforo Ree publicanium . can” emanato from. them. Until those conditfons aro fulfilled in France and Bpaln, thoro i no hopo for Ropublicaniam, and anarchy and bloodshod must continuo to pre- vail. % . ——— e Afnssachusotts has dovolopod tho most starte ling prococity in all tho recont - annala of erimo. Thero ia a boy 10 ydars of ago now hold for the murder of achild of 8 yoars, in West Acton, of that Btato, Goorge Curtain, the ‘murdorer, had “licked tho baby becsuss hio broko his (Cur tain's) toys." His mannor of *licking” the child may bo imagined when i¢tis known that the baby bad his noso out opom to the bome 3 o gash two inchos long ent on the forohead ; and & wound on tho back part of the ekull, which ronched tho bono and probably pro- duced doath, beeides other bruises on tho child's body. It is related that, during tho oxamine~ tion, the boy-murderer had:a sonastional wookly story-pspor in his hand, and amused himself with roading this s portion of the time, and also with outting out extracts from other nowspapera on hia own case. Itisan intorosting question in what dogrece tho prosont’ mania of orimo, and tho fiotitious narativos of blood-and- thundor which ho had boon in the habit of read- ing in trashy wooklles, are rosponsible for the commisslon of his monatrous crimo. Thoro was nothing ferocious about the boy'a nature, from all acconnts. Xoia reproscnted to have beon **tho bost scholar in his clags,” and * ho scomed to think n good deal of the baby " whom ho mur- dored, as soveral witnesses tostified. It is only reasonablo to suppogo, thereforo, that. the crimi- nal examplea and the wretched flction, with which ho had thus early bocomo ' farniliar, had something to do with preparing tho w.sy for his precocious murdor. i Omaha has a Judge who scoms to bave made s poor oxhibition of himsolf. On tho Fourth of July a colored man applied to this Juidge (Judge Townsond, of tho Probate Court) for o liconso to marry & whito woman, Tho following is an ox~ tract from his indorsomant on the application : This lconso ia rofused. Things aro badly mized. Judgo Tunt, of tho United Btatea Bupromo Court Liolds that any Btato fn tho Union mny rogulato tho xight of suffrage by thecolor of tho Lsir, or any other whim, 50 that slways tho right to mako laws for olegant and cullivated, but disfranchised white womon be scoured for tho malo negro. While, on tho other hand, the Bue prome Court of tho Btate of Nebrasks has decided that Degroes cannot bo oxcluded from Jurics any more than Tod-hoadod peopl, or peoplo five feot high, And, im accordance with this doclslon, tho recont Leglslaturo, ©of Nobrasks woro askod to ropeal the law forbiddirg tho consummation of happiness botwoon male Deggro and olegant whito women, and between s white man and lady of dark comploxion ; but the God and Equal~ 14ty Logislaturo killed the bill, My ndvica i, cross ovor into Tows, whore a negro can marry tho Governor's daughter, if sho ia willing, 2 sho ought to be, Amoro conspicnous instance of unfitness for " tho Bonch has raroly, if ever, been found befora in tho Wost., Thoe mattor of his declsion was in accordance with tho lawa of Nebrasks, but tho mannor of it was not in accordance with tho lawa of judlelal decorum, or the courtesy which should characterizo o gontleman. The Omaha Des, in commonting upon the affair, vory portinently 8ays : *‘ If any public man wants to mako a come modious ass of himsolf, he always ought to ba accorded that glorious privilogo.” —e The Constitutional Convention of Ponney iy~ nia has imitated tho example of Now J orf.ey in rocommendiog that tho pardoning power. ghail bo placed in’ the hands of & Court of Pardons. This process has been found to correot many of tho ovils rosulting in othor Htates from giving Governora almost & royal prorogative in the priv- ilogo of granting pardons to all oriminals at their own dlscrotion. It is soldom now-a-days that o sentonco of imprisonment for lifo, or far a long torm of years, is served out by tho oonysict- edcriminal, When tho vivid recolloction off his crimo hos fadod away, bis frionds can usanlly make a strong and urgent appeal for psrdon without att racting any aitention ; and, o long s tho pardoning power reats in tho hands 1 of ona man, ho finda it hard to resist where he o ses no opposition, A rogular Court of Pardonsy .a alto- gothor s difforont affair. The responsibilid ;y does not then rest upon & single porson. T1 10 very name and characterof the organization i ndicate the purposo of thoroughly investigatin g overy cage brought bofore it, and of deciding it upon itamerits, If tho other Biates would imitato Now Joreoy in this, and vin the practietsof ap- pointing instend of elacting the Fudiclary, which has hoon found equally cond aci:ve to tho ondsof justioo in that Btato, thore would boa vory oonsiderable gain upon tho provent riot- ous condition of vrime throughout ! io land. Bignor Minghetti, who torminated tho rocont Ttalinn Ministoriul eriels by the formation of a now Cabinet, with Limsolf at tho (head, ns Pres- dent of tho Council and Minister ¢ Financo, ia ona of thoablest of Italitn w'iatesmen. Ilo spent somo years iu England and 1franco, during which timo ho lootured boforo tka English Agri- oultural Bocloty upon the Corn-Lasr Roform, in which ho advoeated advanced froo-trade princi-- plos, and in 1846 no eatablished a froe-trado nowspaper at Bologna, tho firat journal of the kind over startod in Italy, In 1848, ho waus mado Ministor of Public. Works by tho Popo. Ho afterwards thoroughly identified himself with tho policy of Count Cavour, and acoompa=~ nlod that statosman to tho Congress of Paris in 1866, In 1859, ho pblished his work on the ro« Iatfon botwoon political cconomy and moral right, and has avor siuco boon rogarded as a groat phi- lozophical statosmav, In 1860, ho was Minister of tho Intorior Iu Cavour's Cabinot; in 1801, Vice-President of tha Parlisment; in 1803, Primo Ministor; and {n 1868, Ambassndor to TLondon. IHo Is rogarded in Europe as one of tho ablost oxpononts and apostles of froe trado. —— A statomont of the condition of things In Louisiana has beon rocontly mado by Sonator Booth, of Now Orloaus, Ho says that the State bonda aro worth about 80 conta and tho bonda of tho City of Now Orleans about €0 conta. There are 10,000 vacant residoncea and storos im Now Orloans, and 8,000, white mechanics have loft the oty during tho past fow wooks. Busi~ nessisat & stand-still; there fa no bullding going on’; and, in tho words of SBenator Booth, " Nothing but taxes, and suits, and threats,’ and solaures. and inflammatory, foleg