Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 6, 1873, Page 8

8 TIIE CHICAGO DAILY: TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, LY 6, 1873 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, TERMS OF lmnwmrrmu él'AY]‘HLI IN ADVANOR). ] 812,00 | Bunday, Rilostlone S 1500 | vy Parta of a yonr at tha aamo rata, Ta provent delay and mistakos, bo suro and givo Post Off ce nddress in full, including Btato and County. Romittances nay be mada oither by (raft, oxpress, Post Ofico ordor, or {1 reglstored lottars, at our risk, TnMA TO CITY sUDSORINENS. ¢ Daily, doliverod, Hunday excopled, 25 contr por week. Dolly, deltvored, Bunday includod, f0 conts por wook. Addrose THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, ‘Gorver Nadison and Dearborn-ata,, Olloaxo, 11l BUSINESS NOTICES, ROYAL IAVANA = JOTTRRY-WE SOLD IN deaugat2ul Avril last the S0 {00 RO 00T i 16 Wallat. " By O, 1ox 4685, Now York. " The Chicage Teibune, Bunday Morning, July 6, 1873. CHIOAGO AS A PLACE OF SUMMER RESORT. Anybody who has beon wise onough this yoar to stay at Liomo in Chicago for tho summor, and who has boen foolish euough in formor years to go into tho country for tho summer, will scarcely dony that Naturs commonds itself moro with modorn improvements than it doos without them. ‘Wo havo nover had 0 good an opportunity for tosting this mattor in Ohioago a8 wo have liad this year. Onr sevoral parks have nover toforo been in so sdvanced & condition, Qur drives have nover boforo boen 8o extopsi’yu. Our facilities for obtsining tho enjoymont of Nature's charma at home have nover been B0 ample. Now, howevor, the advantagos of im- proved Naturoare obvious, A Baturday after- noon in Lincoln Park alone is sufficlout to cs- tablish its saperiority over wild and n;um!t(- vated Nature. You have hills which aro not too high to climb; shoots of water whereon your bonts may float with tho security, if not the giaco, of n swan § bankas to reoline on without belng hauuted by the torror of snakes and black bugs; good roads to drivo on that aro nover too dusty or too muddy ; rustio bridges to cross without the danger of breaking through; music to listen to that does not come from a cracked ypinno or a villago singing-schaul ; protty women, goy equipages, and tho greoting of friends to onlivon the scend; pidtureaquo viows that aro ponoramio in the constant changes the people malko; & luxurious shade from thickly-planted troes, and a cool broezo from over the lake ; the delusion of bucolic ploasures without the stern renlity of bucolic fatigue, monotony, and stupid- idy. And, when these raral charncteristicas have been exporionced, it takes but a half-hour’s ride to reach n comfortable oity home, with & bath in your dressing-room, screous on your windows to koop out the flios and musquitoes, ico in your wator-pitcher, and comfort all around. you. Natuvo, with modern improvements as wo have thieom in Chicago, is A much more pleasing damo than sho who welcomes youin the country in beor primitiye habits and old-fashioned associa~ tlons. Chileago poopleare beginning to undorstand #ad oppreciate all this, Thoy are bettor off than tho donizons of other largo cities in thig country. It ia never 8o warm with us 88 it is in Now York, Philadelphis, 8t. Louis, or Cincinoati. We have Jesa of high thermometer and low barometor. Thero is not the same reason for rushing off to crowded summor-resorts, hot, sandy boaches, or rickety old farm-houses. Our people aro learn- ing to stay at home in the summor time., The proportion of city houses that aro closod this summer ig much smaller than in any previous summer since Chicago Lins grown to bo a motrop- olis, Tho number of people who rush off when #he swallows coms will decrense with overy summer, until, by and by, it will bocomo fashion- ablofor thosowho are fortunate tolive in Chicago o atay at home dwring tbo warm season, When that timo comea—and it is ovidently not far.diu- fant—nobody will go off. Tho custom which now boars tho stamp of Miss Flora McFlimsey will becomo pleboian and vulgar, Tho noxt step in. this very commendable progress will be tho in- flux of strangers into Chicago during tho sum- mer months, Whon it shall onco become fash- jonable for Cbicago people to stay at homeo, all the ofher people in tho country will Be0 tho propriety, not of doing likewise, because they havon't such pleasant homes to stay at, but of coming to Ohicago to parta ko of the ad- vantages it has to offer. * . Chicago is very rapldly and steadily proparing itBol? for its inevitablo recognition as the sum- moring city of América, Tho .timo will un- doubtedly como when the people will flock hore in June, July, and August justnsthey go to Now Orloans in January, February, and March. Clitengo will hin fully prapared to roceive and en- tertain them. It will have the largeat and most luxurious hotels in Amorica, and plonty of them. Thoy will bio kept, a8 they are already in point of fac t, in n style to inorease their atirac- tivenoss of numbor and roominess. The driver will bo tho most extensive of any oity in tho world, and it will not be necessary to lumrer over long miles of rough cobblo-stones, as it is in the olongated City of Now York, to ronch the boulovards and parks. Our stropts are all wido, snd will be handeomoly pavel. Our bouses aro tall enocugh to furnish am- pls shade till the parks are romched. Then wo will furnish an amount of nature with modern improvementa ihat can be faund nowhero elso. ‘Wo bavo boen informed, too, that & projoct is on foot to form a company for constructing a num- Bor of steamers that will equal in size and sur- pass in ologanco any of the flonting palacos that were over built for tho East Rivor or the Now York and Boston linos, Theso stonmers will b resorved for Chicago and its summer oxeursions. Thoy will be in no regular érado, Thoy will bo kept for lnko ridos to the various handsome suburbs now building up on the north and south slore. It tho entorprise is carried out—and it will be cor- ried ont some time—it will form nuother peculiar foaturo of Obicago as & Summor Rosort. To this will be addod such metropolitan amusemeonts sa half-a-dozon theatres, elogant churchos, able preachers, rofined sacioty, and the usual acces- sories afford. Tho old frauds by which the Fhiladelphia City Ring bas so long kopt iteolf in powor woro ro- pented at the recont primary oleotions in that city. Inoueof the central wards, tho number of persons voting in each precinct was counted, and it was found that 480 votes woro cast. In the returus for this ward 1,202 votos were given to tho ono candidate (the Tting) and 183 to tho other, showlug on fnoreaso of 089 in the legal vote, In & precinot of snother ward whero but elsty-six votes were onst, tho Judges declared that the Riog cendidate for Hherift had 400 votes and tho other oaue didata nonol In addition to such Infamous manipulation of the ballot a8 this, the Judges, contrary to law, failed to announco the voting by procinots, sud announced it by wards, for tho yovsoun that it is moro diflicult to trage frauds in o large ward than.fn & small procinet. Mean- while, the Roformors aro nctively working to chacle thono outrageous swindles porpotrated by tho Adwinistration party, although the impru- dont action of the State Constitutional Convon- tlon fn adjourning until October noxt, bofore amonding {ho Rogistry law, with an olection pondiug, has placod a serlous obstacla in their way. . THE LAW OF LIBEL. Tho wholo law and jurisprudence upon tho subject of libolous publications has beon thor- oughly overhaulod in the dobatos of tho Ponn- sylvania Conatitutional Convontion, The law of, Hibel rests on two sssumptions, which are some- ‘what Inconsistont : First—That, in the dofonse of a euit for dam- #gos, tho. publishor can justify by proot of tho truth of the allegation made. Second—Thnt, in ‘oriminal proseontions for 1ibel, tho truth is not o suMiclont dofonso, Bocause of the old maxim that tho groater the truth tho groater the libel. This second proposition han beon modified in sevoral Btates, but in Pensylvania, and perhaps other places, tho publication of a llbolous articlo fs indfotablo, and, in tho trial, proof of tho truth of tho statoments is not admisstble. Mr. George M. Dallas, in a vory ablo apoocch to tho Ponnsylvania Convention, took the ground that tho radical error in the law of libol was that it made tho truth the vital point, when in justice the criminality and responsibility should rest oxclusively upon tho fact of the malico, Was the publlcation, whothor true or false, published with tho mnlicious purpose to injuro tho per- son Iibeled? " If the publiontion was wholly unnocessary, and the facts of no pub- lo concorn, and the publication intond- od to injuro tho party |liboled, thon it ought to be punished indepondontly of the fack whothor tho statoments wore truc or faleo, _Tho Inw of libel s, to n great extont, an unwrit- tenlaw. Itisfoundin the decisions of Courts, dating back boyond tho time whon such n thing 880 nOWEpapor was known ; and, though the freo- .dom of tho prosa fs tho bonat of tho oivilization of tho day, the opinions of Judgos have progross- od vory slowly, Tho whole form and manuor of publication of nows and of all other popular iu- formation has changed ; tho newspaper bas bo- «come the universal medium of information ; nnd all the applisnces of selenco huve been adopted to onlargo its: splore and extond ite utility, yot publications in such pows- -papors aro etill tried by the Courts with reforence to logal principles laid down in cagos whore libels wore published in anonymous lottors, or in hand-bills posted on the walls. Mr. Dallas argued that the publication of a newspaper was o legitimate businoss, as distinct and 88 well doflued 88 any other trade, art, or profession, A matorial part of that businees is to give to tho public fair, rensonable, aud at times strong comments upon current publio events. In doing thie, ke claimed for publishers tho samo privilegos that wore oxtonded toall other porsons. 'Tho law of libel s swooping in its eftocts—anything that is calculated to roftect discredit on nman, or to oxpose him to ridiculo or disgrace, is libelous. In Ponnsylvaniz tho truth cannot bo pleaded in dofenss when ro- gort is hed to criminal prosocution Tho caso i told of the publication of tho arrest of o man for thoft, and his committal to jail to await trial therefor ; the local newspaper, by the blun- dor of the compositor, transposed tho names, and the itom was published to the effect that tho megistrate was committed for theft. For thig the editor wasliable to indictment, and, oxcluded from any right to explain the aecidontal charnc- tor of tho libel, ho was equally liable to convie~ tion and imprisoument in the DPenitontiary. Undor the samo law, in tho samo State, if a nowspaper, in stating thot A B had robbed an- other of $1,500, and on trial for libol could only prove that he had robbed 1,400, the publisher wonld be liable for libel upon the accused thief. The samo gontloman contended that among the distinotions made botween & mewspapor and any othor person practicing o legitimate busi- noss, was that all prosumptions were against tho paper, and wore all in favor of tho citizon when ho was acoused. Ho claimed that, while tho law prosumes that o newspapor, in all publications concerning eandidatea for ofiice, or public officers, or porsons properly beforo the publio in connec- tion with any matter propor for public investi- gation, does intond maliciously and wilifally to dofsme and injure tha¢ porson, tho natural and rensonable presumpiion ought to bo pracisely the opposite. fle conductor of & newspeper, in presentiog dslly for tho consideration of the ’Fubllo matter propor for general information and investigation, i entitled to the natural, fair, and rossonablo prosumption that ho does it for the public good, and in that line of his owa proper business, and not from any ill will, In public contests, where tho ouds are publio, 8 freo proes nlone can truly sorve tho Stato, and public purposes are best promoted by freo discusaion, The publishers of newspapers alone, of all oth- ers following = legitimate business, are donied by law tho priviloge of showing that an erroror | mistako was not mallcious, ‘and was uninten- tjonal. The following illustration was given in tho dobate: Abullder 3 not permitted, wantonly; to throw the ‘materials of which ho iy conatretiug o bullding right and left, to the tnjury of ovory man who may bo pase. ing, 1 hio does, thoro [4 such negligonco oatablishod by that fact alono, that malico Lecones tho natural and neceasary presumption, and ho must bo couvcled of ‘manslnughter, and oven (1t moy bo) of murder ; but ho would bo always permittod to show, if hie could, that 1n the fall of tho matorial, whioh resulted fu injury, he waa chargeablo with no negloct, and had beon gullty of no malieo, but waa conducting his usual busl- ness In thovegular and ordinary way, und that tho in- Jury was tho roault of acclitent merely § snd such proof, if mado to the eatisfaction of tho Jury, would oporato fo acquit bim Iu s crimiual prosccution or fo wecuro Lim 5 verdiat in n elyll action, ‘The nowspaper that accidentally and uninten- tionally publishes o falso statoment of fact is not permitted to show & want of malice, or to be acquittod, Tho law insiuts, despite all factsto the contrary, that the publication was willful and malicions. The Convention, howovor, has rejected ovory proposition to chango the preéumption of malico. The motion to put into tho bill of rights ¢ that ‘malice shall not bo presumed from tho fact of pablication,"” in cages whoro thoconduct of pub- ljo officors Ia discussed, was votod down. Poun~ sylvania has not yot escaped from tho forco of tho dootrine that the King can do no wrong ; and evon this enlightenod Qonvention doclared that, when the press of Ponusylvania should charge that tho Govornor hind committod official crimos and misdemeanors, tho statoment should bo held to bo malicious. ' Btrango ag it may seem, tho law of libel in England has been roformod far boyond what it hias boon In this country, and iu the discussion it was proposed to adopt as the low of Ponnsyle vanis the presont law in Englaud, whicl: was ex- pressed in the following formuln: ) All papors rolating to the couduct of oficers or mea in publie capacily, or to any other mntter proper for publlo {nvestigntion or information, ahsll bo privi- Ieged, and no recovery or conviotion shall be had or sustainod In any suit or prosccution, civil or eriminal, for the publication thoreof, oxcopt whors much papor ahall have beon maliclously published, and malico shall not be presumed from tho fact of publication, This the Convention would not adopt. Tho advocates of roform {horefore proposed tha fol- lowing: AM papors relating Lo the conduct of oficors or mon 1n publio capncity,or to any othior matter propor for pube Mo investigation or information, shell bo privileged, and no recovory or conviotion shall be had in any sult or prosocution, eivil or criminal, for the publieation thoreof, whero the fact that such publication was not ‘maliclously mado shall be establislied to tho satiafac~ tion of the jury. Upon this, which moroly gives to tho pub- lishor tho privilego given to tho murdorer, of dls- proving thie prosumption of malico, tho Conven- tion hag hositated, and action has boon post- poned. The friouds of froedom and justics in the Convention aro ontitlod, howovor, to the thauks of tho country for thoir offorts, Tho roal and only thing that ought to bo punished in libel ig tho malico in tho publication, Thero aro | thonsands of things published of men and ‘womon which, though true, and, therefore, not actlonablo, aro not proper for publication, and should bo punishied bacauso malicious, If malico waa made tho vital point in libel, if truth waano longor & dofonse for malicions publications, thon thero would bo o roform fn tho matter of scan- dalous statoments concorning the private affairs of private persons, which ought novor find their whay into public journals, The truth is not al- ways o justification of libel, though tho law makes it soj the want of absoluto truth in statemonts concorning public ofiicors is raroly ovor criminal, and more rarely malicious ; tha truo offense which the Inw should punish is the malicious publication of scandalous mattor, not of public concorn, whother truo or false. THE CENTENNIAL OELEBRATION. ‘The Fourth of July was principally obsorved in Philadelphia by tho transfor of the Contonninl Qrounds to tho Countonnisl Commisslon,—n coromony which was attondod by n Iargo con- courso of distinguishod guosts, and marked by very interesting, as woll ns auspiclous, foatures, Tho telograph in our lasb fssuo furnished o de- tailad report of those proceedings,'and, to make the rocord complote, wo ropreduce tho history of tho movemont from its incoption, The first formsl stop was taken Jan, 20, 1870; by tho Franklin Instituto, of Philadolphia, which prosonted o memorisl * to the corporation of that city urging tho colo- bration of the Contonuial Annivorsary of Amorican Indopondence by an international ex- hibition of arts,” manufactures, and products of tho soils and mincs. Tho corporation passed rosolutions of approval, and soon after a bill was ‘iutroduced in Congress asking for tho nocossary legislation. Tho act forming o Cen- tennial Commission was pnassed, and received tho Presidont’s signaturc, March 8, 1871, By tha provisions of this act tho Exhibition is to bo held under the auspicos of tho Unitod States Government. Tho Commission, which has chargo of tho Exhibition uniil ite close, conslsts of ‘one dologate and ono altornate from oach Btato and Territory, appointed by tho Presidont, upon the nomination of tho Governors of tho re- spectivo States and Torritories. "The bill also provides that, * whenover tho Presidont shall bo informed by the Governor of tho Stato of Penn- sylvania that provision lns beon made for tho orection of suitablo buildings for the purpose, and for the exclusive control by tho Commission horein provided for, of the proposed Exhibition,” he shall malke proclama~ tion of the eame,” and notify foroign Governments, After coneidorable delay in socuring tho nominations, tho Commission was completed, and mot for the first time in Phila- delplia, March 4, 1873, and appointed ity Com-’ ‘mittecs. The most important labor, of courso, do- volves upon the Executive Committes, of which Daniel J. Morroll, of Ponnsylvania, is Chairman, Tho Hon. Joseph R. Hawley, of Connaoticut, was olocted pormanent Presidont of the Com- mission. Prof. Campbell, formerly of Wabash Collego, Indiana, is tho Assistant Becrotary, and Col. Myors Ash, Assistant Becretary. Gon. 0. B, Norton, who was United States Commissioner nt tho Paris Exposition, hus chargo of the Bureau of Information and tho Pross, and Messrs, I. D, J. Pratt and Dorsoy Gardner of the Bureaus of Classification and Btatistica Mr. A. T. Goshorn, the formor Tresident of the Cincinnati Exhibition, was ap- pointed Diroctor-Goneral, I'he Commission has Lad four moutings sinco its organization, and hos already sccomplished o large amount of work, It has selected a sito for the Exhibition in Fairmount Park, which was transforred on Friday last; has consldored numerous roports of formor oxhibitions; adopted an olaborato syatom of clnssification; notified tho world of tha time of tho Exhibition, oo that forcign Govornmonts may not mske othor ar- rangoments for 1876; and has advertised for plans for tho Exhibition buildings, which aro to bo submitted by tho 16th of July. Tho fiuancial arrangemonts of the Exhibition are in a vory satisfactory condition, According to the act authorizing the Commission, tho Unitod States cannot bo made liable for any of tho cxpenses connocted with it. The Clty of Philadolphin, " 8t tho outsot, appropristed £650,000, and tho Btato subsoquoutly appropriated $1,000,000, which sum Liag boon Iacroased by con- tributions from other sources, to 3,000,000, Tho Board of Financo, which is diatinct from the Comumission, is empowered to raise a .capital stock of $10,000,000, in sharos of $10 each, and to issuo bonds to that amount. According to the provision of the sct creating the Doard of Finnuco, cortiflcates of stook will bo propared, and su opportunity will be given to tho citizeus 'of ecach State and Torri- tory to subscribo to an amount not ex- ceoding tholr quots secording to population. Tho sito for the Exhibition is in Fairmount Parl, on the west side of the Schuylkill, and in sbout 50 acres iu extent, or nearly four times ay groat an aroa as that dovoted to our own Expo- sition, It iu intonded to hava three buildings; o main building, & Momorial Uall, which will be n pormanont structuro, aud an Art Gallory,—the first covering twenty-fivo acres, the second five acres, and the thivd Lwo acres. f Theso aro the maln outlines of the forthcom- ing Exhibition, and thus far the Commission is to bo congratulated wupon the oxcollont mannor in which tho proliminery work Lna been dono, 'Thero ean he no doubt of the heart- lout co-oporation from tho peoplo of this coun- try, and that the Btato of Pennsylvania, and eapecially the Olty of Thiladolphia, from local pride, if from no other reason, will leave no offort untriod to make this Exhibition not only & romarkablo representation of the indusirial resourcos of this country, but o national suc- cess, which will tako its place by tho slde of the great world exhibitions of London and Paris, Assurances hayo been alrandy roceived from mome forelgn nationa that thoy will co-operato in o honrty mannor. The King of Bwodon las Intimated that ho will make arrangoments to linvo tho Industries of him Kingdom proporly ropresonted, and will salso gend his son. Tho presont tour of tho Bhali of Porala through ZLurope will be more than eolipsed by tho jour~ noy of the Mikado of Japan, who will probably Droalk tho sholl of Japanose oxclusivoness in ordor to bo presont. It is also probabla that tho French Princo Imporial will bo in attond- nnco, & lotter having boon rocoived from tlio ox- TEwpross Eugonio, stating that; nt the timo named, tho Princo will docide whothor Lio wishos to visit America. 3 4 It is a8 yot rathor promaturo to discuss the de- talls of this Exhibition, but thore are two impor- tant points conncotoed with it which shonld not be overlooked.. It hins a doublo significance, bo- ing at onco a patriotio aud an indusirlal ocos~ sion. * It will colobrato the hundrodth birthdny of.tho nation, Itwill bo the purt of wisdom if £ho coremonies of tho occaslon shall havo rofor- onge to the future wolfaro of tho country, rather than to what has boen accomplished in tho past. This i8 to be an Intornational Exposition, and foreign nations will take part in i, and will have thoir 'reprosontativos horo, The usual Fourth of July fustian will be excood- ingly silly to them, es woll as tirosomo to most Americans, The bost national uso which oan bo mado of the Exhibition will bo tomore firmly unito all sections of the Ropublic and to pro- pare the way for its futare progross by romov- ing all tho obstacles which are now blocking up that way. The socond point is to moko the in- dustrial roprosontation of this country complete and interosting, This will make some compon= sation for our disgracoful roprosontation at Vienna, which las given us a bad nomo thoe world over. Every soction of the country‘should bo- encouraged to con- tributo it quota’in evory dopartment of arts, seioncos, manufacture, aud soil and mine prod- uots. A joalous and poncoful contest liko this would of {teclf bind tho difforont sections of the country moro closely togother. Lot the Conton- ninl Colobration in fact bo a guarantee for the Futuro rathor than a glorification of tho Past, ovon if tho Ameriesn Eaglo Las to lose his an- nual panogyric for once. RED .WIVES AND WHITE, It is roported that tho Ohlef of one of the Indian nations has made . formal doniand for ono hundrod white women as wives for his Draves. Ile says that the white men have come among his people and taken their squaws og ,wives, aud ho thinks that it is only fair that the rod mon should bo componsated in Lkind, Tho domand doos not appoar to be unreasonablo. Tho Indians havo beon educated to bolieva that it ia the duty of the United Btates Government to furnish them with everything osson- till to lifo, liborty, opd the pursuit of happincss. Good people will not, dony that a wifo is ono of the ossentials of this bliss- ful condition, If the whito men havo stolon away the rod women, the red mon should heve white womon to supply theirplaces. When the In- inns aro foread)ta give up their lands in ono sec- tion of tho country, thoy aro supplied with hunt- ing-grounds clsowhere, They look for blankots, guns, powder, rations, clothes, nud whisky in return for the sacrifices thoy make in tho ad- vanco of tho surveyors; why not wives, when their native matorial is oxhausted by the dopre- dations of the Indian tradors or the wiles of tho Indian Agent ? fero is an opportunity for the Administration to add n now and valuable feature to tho Peaco Tolicy. Woman is a vory succossful element of civilization, Tho Indisn must romain & say- age, o bruto, and an outeast forover if hois tobo despoiled of the humanizing influonces of the gentler sex. No amount of ammunition, of froe buffalo, of male Acalps, of “big talks,” or of firo-water can satisfy evon an Indian for tho loss of a wifo, whon thore is no prospect of getting snothor. 'The Government cannot very well prohibit & whito man from marrying o squaw, if it bo to his taste to “iske a savago wife and rear him a dQusky raco.” Stoaling a wife is no longer a vory sorioua affair in white civilized communitics. It is hardly to ‘bo oxpected, then, that & higher codo of morality will be developed on the Indian froatier; or that tho sovereign Government should step in and forbid its white subjects from merrying tho modorn Pocahontases. . But the Government 'may, and, on the principles of the Peace Policy, | ought to, supply tho demand thus croated. If thoro i & cormer on squaws, tho situ- otion can only be relievod by furnishing somo white women. They ought not to be hard to find. Thero aro o gront many patriotic womon in the land who should bo glad to do something for thoir country in this way. The leaders of patriotic woinanhood, who must, in view of Judgo Ward, Hunt's deocision, give up all hopo of saving tho' country by their votes, may do the State some servico by marrging Indian warrlors, Thero are also a great many women {n this country who mairy white savages, aud cling to them faithfully,’in comparison to whom a Modoo or Apachie Cliiof is mild-manner- od, gentle, and kind. There aro certain soctions of tho country whoro tho womenso greatly outnum- ber the mon that but a smail proportion of thom can’ hopo to obtain husbands at homo. Why, thon, shouldu't thoy take anew dopar- turo? If the frontiorsmon havo concluded that & red wifo is botter than no wife, then why isn’t a red husband better than no husband? Be- sidos, n Bouthorn physiologist of . recont conversion has prodicted that *‘the com- ing raco” is to bo desconded from tho intermarrisge of whites and ‘blacks, and has discovered someo striking oxamples of- tho noble product of theso: mixed marringos, 1t . tho commingling of races is to produce the ideal man, there in reason to boliove that whito and rod will attain tho rosult soonor than white and blaok. All this is ouly secondary, however, to the loading principle that, if the whito men have stolen away tho red men's wives, tho rod mon should have white wives to fako thair placos. i y Wo four that the Indian Chief to whom this phaso of the cotponsatory polloy has suggosted itself does not properly approciato his own te- merity. We are not altogether sure that ho would not be tho first to cry quily, 1o would find o white wifo quite a difforont nffair from a rod wite,—altogethor another color, The rod wives Leve uudoubtediy betrayed their Indian husbands into bad domestio habits, ‘They have been ncoustomed to sharo tho harduhiips of cump- lifo; Lavo hunted tho buffalo and white men with oqual zeal; have boou coutont to swing tholr papooses on thelr backs and follow thoir huebands as lords and masters, Tho. white wives, and espeoially the Amorican white wiyoy, would gearcely fall into those docile ways, Thoy might accomumodate thomsolvos 4o sowo of tho Indian ocusloms, such as painting tholr facos, wonring onr-rings, and otherwioo decking thelr persons, but wo foar that the Indian Chiofa would find thom somowhat more oxacting than rod wives. Thoy would probably want_ elde- anddles whon they should ride out on tho hunt. Thoy would demand all the scalps taken na thelr oxclusivo proporty, to meke up chignons, awitchios, and natural ourls, They would not bo satinfled with sun-bonnots and parasols for woaring apparcl, ns tho red womon woro whon tho gontlo Quakeresses sont thom thoso articlos, bLut they would insist on boing sup- plod with orinolino, bustles, ekirts, drosucs, sacquod, sleovoloss jackots, redingotos, paniors, Balbriggan hoso, - high-heoled boots, Louls Quatorzo elippors, and Normandy bhats. Thoy would nover consent to sling papoosos over thoir shouldars, but domand perambulators and baby- Jjumpers, rattles, and Mrs, Winelow's soothing- syrup, wot-nurses, aud dry-nurses. ‘Thoy would want a sowing-soclety to keep up that Intor- chango of thought and -observation which ron- dora soolal life so piquant. Some of thom might undortske to wear the breeches,—thero have boon inatances of it whoro thoy havo had white husbands,—and-do manifold othor things unhenrd of in well-rogulated Indian soclety. Thoy would bo a constant puzzlo, if not o tormont, totho simplo-minded, untutored eavego, who would probably dovote tho groater partof his time to blowing up the Indin-rubber bustlos, and thon sltting down on them suddonly, with a good deal the same rosult s whon Humpty-Dumpty sita down on the baby in tho pantomime. Thoy would be protty suro to interfore with the froo and unconstrained poraonal habits of Lo ;‘ would inslst on his coming home early in the even- ing; would protest ngainst boing disturbed in their morning naps by his early riflo-practico; would read Mrs, Oaudlo to him when he should tako a friondly drink with an Indian trador and soll his wifo’s bost dross for an anciont flint- lock. Altogether, wo can conceive that a White wifo might make it vory uncomfortablo for a red husband ; and wo believe that it will be good policy for the Chiefs, warriors, and braves to try tokeop the wives thoy have rather than fly to “othiora they know not of. —— Thoro are citizens who can romomber tho ex- cltoment that could be produced in any town or villago at the North some years ago, whon it was known that porsons from the South wero thore sooling tho capturo snd rocovery of fugitives from slavery. Bomothing like this oxcitemont provailod in Indinoapolis last week, when it was known that two citizens of Kentucky, armed with Jogal papors, wero in that city to arrest and. carry off Thomas Langsdale, who is accused of havivg. in 1806, murdored John Lillard, near Warsaw, Ky. The facts of this case aro inter- esting. At the boginning of the war, Langsdale, who {hon lived in Gallatin.County, Ky., though keoping silont, was discovored to bo strongly in favor of tho Union, and it was also discovored that his family agreod with him, Local persocti- tions soon followed. Lavgsdalo then entered tha Union Army as & scout. At tho ologo of the war it wao understood that he had rondered ‘most officiont sorvice, and the enmity of his old noighbors was vory bitter, John Lillard, who had boen a Colonel in the Confederate sorvico, 'was ospecially incensed, and Lis threats to shoot Langedalo wore repeated to tho latter, who, therefore, avoided himn. In 1806, they mot on olaction-day at the polls. Langedale voted, and started for home ; he was followed and overtaken by Lillard, who was on Loracback. Lillard drow & nuvy rovolver, declaring his purpoese to shoot Langsdalo, but tho lattor, without saying ouything, drew bhis pistol nnd saved his own lifo by shooling Lillard. Knowing tho stato of public foeling in tho neighborheod, he at ouco loft Warsaw and toole up his rosidence at Indinuapotis. Jury of Gallatin County indicted him for the murdor of Lillard, but tho people of Indianapo- lis, assuming that if ho was sont back to Ken- tucky he would be killed by & mob, have taken him undor their protection. At various times formal requisitions have been mede for his ren- dition, but the Executive of Indiana nover issued any warrant for his arrost. Last weok, howover, & warrant was issued, and Langsdalo was arrcsted by the Chief of Polico. A writ of Labeas corpus was suedout. Tho Court held that tho Chiof of Police was not the proper officer to make an ar- rost under such o warrant; As soon as this point was sottled Langsdalo walkied out of court, and i not to bo found. About tho samo timo Gov. Hondricks and his Secrotary had pressing busi- ness clsowhere, but whoro is not known, and no other warrant could be or has beon isaued. The capture, thereforo, of Langadale is postponed, if not dofeatod, It 18 intimated that the peoplo of Indisnapolis, whilo having no sympathy what- evor for murderers or assagsing, will not consent to havo this man sent back to Xentucky, and the renson is that thoy havo no assurance that ho will be feirly tried, orthathe will oven have uny trialat all, On the other hand, tho peoplo of V(m.lnfln County Ky., .aro clamoring for the surronder of Langsdalo; thoy assume that his guilt is boyond all quostion, Though seven yoors havoe gono by thoy have not abated in their desire to have the man delivered into thoir Londs, - I not this case morally, though not logally, included in the goneral amnesty and uni~ vorenl oblivion of all matters growing out of the war ? — Now York has at last got a Bunday-boor ques- tionto wranglo over. On Wednesday last, & deologation of boor-browors and othors visited the Excise Commissioners to lestn thoir de- cision rolative to the beor question, This do- ciaion was submitted to tho browers in tho shape of the following resolutions : : Resolved, That in tho opinion of this Toard all Inger or malt boers aro intoxicating lquors, and the salo of tho mame on Bunduy s n violation of Seetion 20 of Clispter 028 of tho Lawa of 1857, . Rewolped, That tho Board will not grant licenscs to any place or places whorq muslo or othor attractions are futroduced or mado usp of, the same Lieiug to the sunoyaneo of the peico and quictuda of (he majorily of ho residents ndjacent o aud withn 200 foct of sald Dlace for which application {5 made. “I'ho enforcoment of tho law wlll commenco on Sunday, the 18th ingt., sud, while miany aro ro- Joleing that it will do away with tho disreputable concert-saloons of tho Dowory and Chatlinm streot, many othors are mourning that it will aluo, affoct the Contral Park gardon aud other favorite resorts, whoro boor and music go togethor. At prosont, hawevor, there does not seem to bo any disposition on tho part of the beor-consumors or manutacturers to opposo or ovade the law, which i partly owing to tho fact that thoy oan enslly go to tho gardena in Westchester aud other suburbs for thoir Bunday recreation, A now use Lins boen discovered for kerosono, Hitherto peopla havo contented thomsolves with using it to start kitchen-fires, aud burning them- tolvos up, A jenlous woman in Michigan, the other day, utilized the inflammablo stutf by lighting or husband with jt, Sho fret eaturaiod In the meautimo, the Grand | - thing. tiim with it, and thon sot firo to him. Whether the unfortundto man survived the application of this’ herolo romedy wo aro not advised, Tho Michigan woman was ovidently put out, evon if tho husband was not. ENGLISH RATIONALISM. ENIGMAS OF LIFE. Dy W. R. Grra, Lordon: Triobner & Co.; Chlcafot Jonson, McOlurg & Co, Also roprinted by Jamos 1%, Osgood & Co., oston, 'Ihis volumo, lilke that of Dr. Buaobnor, which wo rooontly noticed, rejoots Rovelation and ac- copta Darwinlom, or the development thoory, Unlike tho Iattor, it ia roveront, tolorant, and mainly uncontroversial in tono. Mr, Grog is an optimist, Ho thinks that mankind aro capable of much botter thjngs than thioy have ever achioved; indeod, that the millennium, although distant, can bo roached without supernatural agoncy. In bLis profaco Lo tolls us that, o him- solf, tho difficulties in tho way of holiev~ fng in tho oxistence of a Tersonnl Oroa- tor are immense; but that tho difffoul- tles in the. way of concelving of tho origin and ovolution of tho actual universo without such s Oreator, aro insuperable, Hias Dbolief In tho oxiatonco of a Crestor nmounts to abeoluto conviction, Mie boliot in a futuro stato of existonce for man is o solomn hope. Io doca not sco tho nocomsity, howover, of con- forring immortality on the wicked and depraved. It would be much fitter, ho thinks, to bestow im- mortality on the dog who saves tho lifo of & drowning child, that on o man who habjtually bonta his wife. Ho has seen dogs who looked immortal. Hehns also seon mon who looked the roverso. Ho docs mot think that the Supremo Boing is omuoipotent. He docs mot think that Ho can mako a lio oqual to tho truth, or make two and two equal five. Hisconcoption of the Buprome Being ia of One who is incalcula~ bly, inconcoivably great, wiso and boneficont, yot subjact to conditions, Tho volumo is comprised in seven chaptors, Tho first is entitled ** Roalizable Ideals.” Wo oll bnvoour idealsof lifo. Thoro aro certain schemes and plans of existence in this world, the whioly, if all power were given us, we would put in force with the view of promoting the grontest happincss of tho greatest numbor. All power i not given to any of un How many of thoso idoals aro roalizable undor the conditions in which wo live,—considering the imporfections of human nature and the tough job tho avorago man has to éarn o living? ‘Tho outhor belioves that every eovil oxcopt death (which is not an ovil whon it comes to the relief of ‘old agc) may be oliminated, and the yawning gulf botween tho Aotual aud the Idon! atlast bridged ovar. Mo thinks thia is tho only belief compatiblo with true pioty, for ho *can por- coive no benuty, no religion, in the notion that God placed us in- this world only that wo might bo forever working and hankoring after auother,” It may bo inquired hero how much greator is tho dificulty of bolioving that God placed some generations of men in this world that thoy might be forever striving and hankering after anothor, than that he so placed all gonorations. It is to bo hopod that maukind ore progressing toward Mr. Grog's ideal, evon through the hard procoss of climbmg upon ench othors' Dbodies,—thnt tho mext gener- ation will bo wiser and richer bocause this goneration has studied, and worked, and saved, aud 80 on,—each succeoding goneration, a8 it wore, being fortilized by the bone-dust and blood of ull its ancostors. But wo confoss wo can see as little boauty or religion in Mr. Greg's motion, e Lo says ho osn sos in tho notion which ho combats., It is truo that in so far as tho acoumulation of knowledge and wealth goes—and tlat is a grest way—wo aro doing much to enable pos- terity to come noeroer to the Ideal than we have come. Wo are hewing aud paving the road for thom, a8 our anceetora howed sud paved for us, TIu this toilsome offort, encompassed by ignorance, disease, ponury, and vice, many are undoubted- 1y hankering attorsomeother world than this, If the outcomo of all the ages that have goue be- foro us and of mauy sges to come nftor 'us, is to propare & millennium for some remoto genorations, whother fow or mauy, it may bo a vory pious and beautiful vieta, but it leaves be- hind an ¥ enfgma of life” quito a8 dubious and insoluble as any conundrwmn which Mr. Grog sooks to oxpound. 5 Igunorance, diseaso, penury, and vice aro the groat obstaclos in man's pathway. Each ago coutributes somothing to dispel ignorance. Bome ages do more than othors, but there is pro- gross always, To losson, and finally extirpate diyoaso, 80 that every person born shall live to old ago with unimpaired health, is within roach of thoe human raco; not now, but gometimo, For we know that thero aro laws of health; that our bodily constitutions aro subject to law. Wo have boon a long timo in finding out the littlo that wo do know, but wo lhave found out enough to nssure us that we may find out the whole. Whon wo shall have learned all the laws, of bhealth, so that we may frecly choose whother we will bo sick or not, whother wo will trausmit good constitutions to our offspring or bad ones, wo shall have ouly to denl with vico and destitution, How far can we reasonably expect moral instruction to overcomo vico and eradicate crime? It does not require a vory greatstretch of the imagination to fanoythe abolishment of war, and with it tho foarful cost of standing armies, navies, arsenals, eto, Hav- ing ceasod to learn war as a publio practice, will not mankind incline to peace aud awity in pri- vate etations? The public oxample is a great Onco lot all tho groat forces which are now warring against social nmolioration com- monce warring for it, and wo shall haye made our great atart toward tho millonnium, The greatost of these forces are tho State and the Church, Mr. Grog considers tho latter, oqually with tho formor, opposed to human prog- ross, and, 8 coincidiug with bis‘ own views, he quotea from a clergyman of tho Ohurch of England, from the Chief Jus« tico of Bouth Australis, and from an unknown sutbor, who concur in the opiunion that tho tondency of tho Christian Church haa boen to spurn aud contern the things of this world— that so fur as it has concerned itself with prac- tical reforms, it lhas cowpromised with the spirlt of the nge and come short of its professed . creed, Waiving this point, how- evor, Mr, Grog insists that the clurches aro moro coucorned with sectarinnism than with buman progress, What may wo not expect ¥ when {he countless pulpits that, so far beck as bistory ean roach, have been proaching Ontholicism, Auglicanism Prosbytorianism, Oalviuism, Wesloyanism, shal} sob to work to preach Christianity at laat 2" Suppose that Church and Btato woro as zenlous a8 they profoss to bo, and might bo, in ovory good work, Supposo that discovorios in chemistry, modicino, aud surgery should o ag romarkable in tho noxt fifty yoars as dis- covorlos in matorisl advancoment—the railway, the steamehip, the telograph—havo Leon in tho past fifty, It may bo said that all thoso things. will bo of no avail without moral advaucemont But is not matorial and physical advancemont tho candition precodent to moral advancement ? What chianco have you in trying to cultivato the moral woutiments in a man with an empty stom- ach or with chronie dyspopefa ? Thoro ave, howover, throo ngencios at work to pontpone or altogethor counteract tho good tima coming. Theno sre, jirst, tho perpotual and inevitablo atrugglo for more oxistonco; sccond, the multiplication of the humnn race from tho Janst oligiblo as woll na the most porfect specl- mens, or, asit fucalied, *‘tho non-survival of tho fittost"; and, thfrd, tho mauifost modorn fendency to make numbors rathor than intelll- geuco tho governing power iu tho Stato. The firgt of thene drawbacke Ia the Malthusian prin- ciple, or over-population. Ae this portion of Mr, Grog’a book was recontly oxaminod at length In theso columus, wo nced not go over that ground again, The okapter ontitled * Non-Sur- vival of tho Fitteut," in perhaps o groator eniy- 100 thau suy that the Almighty hao furnished us, The nuthor rays ot the outset: *Ivery one now {8 familiar with the Darwinian theory of tho orlgin of specics, at loast In its mainsprin- ciplos and outlines; and nearly all men qualiffiod to form an opinion aro convinced of its subslantial truth"—a rathor brond assumption wo shonld say, ''This thoory tenchos us that tho dovolopment, ime -provement, advaucemont of animal life han hoon acoomplished by the crushing out of tho weakor and loss porfoot speoimons in tho struggle for exintonco and by tho *“survival of tho fitteist," s that tho propagation of tho spocles has do- volvod upon the strongorand moro porfect spocls mens, But whon wo roach man, or rather whon wo roach civilized mon, this * rightoous and salutary law" conses to oporato. Inatond of crushing out tho woaker and lesa perfoct spocts mens, we build alme-hougoes, hospitals, nsyluma for them. Instead of prevonting thom,from Linving offapring, wo oncourago them to do so. Wo do all In our power to carry the dofeots of each gonoration ovor fnto tho noxt. Civilization cousists wmoro distinotively in amaliorats ing tho condition of the wenk, ine firm, @and witloss, than in anything clge. Thero ia o conspiracy, in short, to prolong tho livea of tho scrofulous, tho ricketty, and tho idiotio, go that thoy may do as much mischiof ag “possiblo, and sow their mnladies ns widely na possiblo, inatead of leaving thom to dlo, or pute ting them to doath, as is tho fashion among the lowor auimals and among savago tribes, Morcover, the law of inheritance—a wholly artificial contrivance—gives sdvantages in the way of woaliliand position, irrespective of porsonal merits; and so it happons that vicious, stupid, and consumptivo children are onnbled to grow up and propagato * their kind, whilo in & state of nature they would be put out of tho way by their more capable compotitors before thoy hind done much mischiof. Mr, Grog isa vory frank writer. Ho doosn'd 800 much to commend in theso: * triumphs of clvilization.” Ho is 80 much in earnest about gotting cripples and numbskulls eradieatod from the world—not getting one or two generationa of thom out of the way, but providing against their appoaranco horoaftor—that ho fs willing to toke nll the consequences of his position. As regards tho -law of inhoritance, to which lo gives rather mora apace and moro objurgation than to the: misdi- rocted charity of the world, it may bo remarked that when tho rights of bequost and inheritanca conse, tho principal incontive to saving will alsa conso. Tho accurulation of capitol from one ngo to anothor is, perhaps, the grontost factor in the ndvancement of the human race. Tho * sur- vival of the fittest™ would be of very little avail if ench gonoration should spend all that it earnod, o8 would surely bo the caso if mon woro do« prived of the right to disposo of thelr proporty by will, or to leavo it to their childron, A writos in the Spectafor rominds Mr. Greg that the cule tivation of tho moral sontimonts. is ng important in the making of & man as the sur« vival of the flttest, nud that healing tho sick, Lolping tho poor and faeble, taking care of tha ingano and idiotic, are the exercises best caleu~ Inted to clovato the soul, and to bring it ta nearness with God. To which Mr. Greg roplics —but what reply can bo mado? Mr. Greg's an~ swor {s not that of & solfish man, of one wha ‘would shirk o job of hospital sorvice, but rathex of ono who would have dono somo things a great deal better if ho had made the world, If the “ non-survival of the fittest” bo an enigmsa,—wa do not conceive it to bo such,—the svewor in, perhape, that the Crentor roversed the groat law of dovelopmont by natural selection when man cowo on the dtage of boing, in tokea that man wns the highest type of creation. It thoro bnd been s higher typo contoms platod, arabnhly wo ghonld have boon borm with no higher moral atiributes than panthers, 80 that the “ rightoous and salutary law " whioh provides for tho killing of tho lamo and the starvation of tho weak might work out, in tha courso of timoe, araco of beings as much supo- rior to oursolvos a8 wo are to our aucostor, tha gar-pike of tho Dovonian poried! In fine, Mr, Qreg holds positiony for which, in his first chape tor, ha chidos tho Christinn Chureh, with thiag differcuco: that the future life, for which ha would sacrifico the presont,” is of thia world, far moro romote from the proge ent dwellers of tho eurth than tho futuro life for which tho Church asks us to sace rifico the present—and coneiderably more chie morical, ‘Tho noxt_chapter, entitlod “The Limits and Diroction of Humen Devolopment,” 14 e flat m contradiction and as cheerful a contrast to tha preceding as could bo conceived, *“Tho gronk enigma of human dostiny,” eays Mr. Greg, * which has saddened 8o many bright hearts ari baflled 80 many uoble understandings, ia appae rontly not_intended to bo wholly or eatinfacto« rflf’ solved “on carth. . . Fow, we believo, will over effecct real, radical, pormanen social amelioration whose feolings aro too keen and gensitive to wait tho time of the Most High, and to contemplata with unflinching faith g patiouco tho suforiugs continued through, or by Tonson of. the romediul procos, somotimes even aggravatad by it.” And ngain: #No ono doubty or affects to doubt that we are commanded both by instinet and the moral soneo to seek and pro- nioto the happinces of others. To reliove suiler< ing, to soothe distross, to confer pleasuro, to dr tho toars of tho afllictod, to sproad comfort au, joy around us, is, we aro taught, the noblest function in ‘which man can spond his brightost yoars and -his froshost strongth.'” This is indeed o gratifying contrast to the ** Non« Burvival of tho Fittest,” and it is to bo remarked that when Mr. Grog loaves the concroto and en- fors upon tho abstract he bocomes a verPcharm« ing writer. Fow ossays can be found more beaus tiful thon the threc succeoding chapters on 4 Human Doyelopment,” the * &gu(flcnx\cu of Life,” and * Do Profundis.” Thoy aro,as high« toued ns tho Discourses of l:‘.slictatuu, and a9 spiritunl as tho Meditntions of dfarous Aurclius, and are tingad with tho sadnoss of the lattor. In all things oxcopt Lis rojection of tho supsrnature al, Mr. Greg might be” adwmitted to followship with any Churcu, Hers is what he says of Chriat: Those who imagino Jeous, though splendidly and Taroly gifted, to huve besn been gifted only within the attainabl Hihits of humaulty,—i. e,, not 1o have Locn Divine, but ouly (b pomiLla ideal” of ho humatbyes will not offended by the suggestion thatan une preposscssod obsvrver would assln to Ohriat, not a philosophfeal, but n_purely spiritual, pre-omienco 3 tuat wo should not look upon Lim’ a6 the groatest Phinker, oven on religious topies, that Humesnity has given forth, but as the one who most truly concaivad the Bpirlt of God, and Teslized that couformity with s will which we are told should Do ‘tho aim of one ‘being here, and which wo beliovo will be tho loftiesh attainment of our o horenfter, ‘o bounds of human knowledgo, Nr. Greg thinks, woro established nt tha oarliest periods of whfch we have nn{l record. Nobody has pushod them auy farthor than Job, Solomon, Plato, Confucius. VWithin those boundy wo haye henped up knowludfo but wo have not ained n stop forward, It ls to b presumed, horofore, that the problom of Man's Whero« foro, Whonce, and Whither was niennt to ha insoluble,” It xomains only for us to follow tho highestinstinots of our nature, to live virtuously, to porform avory-day dutics consolontiously, mud to do as much good as poesiblo to our fellows, "Iho conaluding chapter, ontitled ¢ Lluowhero,” is tho only controversial ono iu the book. It s au attempt to controvort tho orthodox bolief in ioll s a lako of flre and brimstono—n place of physical and perpetunl tormont. It cannot bo said that the chaptor coutaius much that is now, but an a statemont of all tho urguments oppose ta that dootrino, thoso which can bo found in the Biblo as well as thoso which annnot, it possonses & high degroe of intorest both to the ovangelical sud the non-ovaugelical rendor. dr. Grog's main argument is that for purposes of oither punishwent or reformation no such oll is necessary, Lverything that econ Lo _ sccomplivhed in " anothor world by & lnko of gire aud brimstono can bo_accom- plishod moroe offoctually without it. For pure posos of punishmont no other holl {8 roquired han that of n disombodiod ovil spivit shut up within itself, condemuod to its own wsocioly, This sort of holl Is oxectly ndapted Lo every shade and gradaiion of ovil. " It is A polf-mensure ing punishmont. It avoids (ho necessity of turning tho man who commits crime and tho man who makos o mistake—~the murderer and tho un« beliovor—into tho gnme pit. For purllmma of roformation, the same theory holds good, ‘The soul i as it is. If it i capuble of reformation, tho amount of sufforing it must undorgo in ordor to ba roformed and rondered eapable of happiness will be dotormined by it own state, eto, Mr, Grog's book is tho most finished ?mflucl of English Rationalism, as Buechnor's ** Forea and Mattor " is tho most fiuished product ot Gorman Materialivin, The chapter on ¢ None Burvival of tho Fittost ¥ {s out of harmony with tho romaindor, Excoptiug this, tho tendenoy aud tono aro vorv high. % G