Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 25, 1873, Page 10

Bl ..our own organism may ' bé trained to a more THE CHICAGO DAILY RIBUNE: SUNDAY, MAY 95 1873 “VITAL CHARACTERISTICS, A Lecture by Prof. 'A'gassiz. The Mental Powers and Their Dis- . tribution Among Animals. Possibility of Insects Possessing én Utterly. Different Kind of © . Intelligence. - / The Brains of Fishes---A Brief Sketch of the Radiates. Cambridge, Mass, (Hay 15), Correapondence of the New .~ York Tribune. - . The following lecturs was delivered by Prof. Agassiz, on the I8t inst., at the Museam of Com- porative Zoology: : ~ - P From the highest antiquity the mental powers of man have been s subject for the study and meditation of * philosophere. . Metaphysicians have considered this field of investigation as ex- i clumively and essentially_ their own, and have Tooked with jealousy upon any attempts to deal with the subject from another point of view. With -the revival of learning, however, in'the eiztecnth century, naturalists began to consider the manifestations of mental energy in animals with feference to_their strucure. . From that time ‘forward research has taken & new direction; psychology and.. physiology: have boen studied togother; it hss been - rec- cgnized that the action' of the mental power, both in men and snimals, is more or less connected with their structural organiza- tion. "It is imposeible in our:day to discuss any etaphysical guestions, except in-connection cortain organs in the living body, without fich mental manifestations are impossille. 1 iall not say, nordo L believe, that the mental faculiies are a prodict of thess organe ; but I will say what, indeed, every observing man must acknowledgo, :that - without brain you have-no thinking ; withont brain youhsve no expression sof intellectual power ;- without a certain struc~ i ture, - no -manifestation - éven of those.in- stinctive facnlties characteristic of the lower an~ imels is possible. In' the structure, with the structare, throngh the structure do these :pow-~ ers act: and it is by the ‘study of structure in connection with the¢® powers that we may, hope to learn something of their true nature.” I do not mean to ssy that intellectual: processes may not be considered by themnolves from a purely metaphysical point of view, but we are led more: and mors to congider!the structuré of the or~ gana through which the mind acts &8 sn essen- tial part of the subject: Anatomy and physiol- ogy are the natnral, associates of metsphysics, snd must be taken into partnership; whether the logicians like it or not; unless, indeed; they are contented to rehearse -the traditional spocnla~ © tions of philosophy inpast ages.” "~ ‘ABE THE MENTAL FACULTIES ONE? : i There is another way of approaching the sub~ { joct which hns its grest value, The wisdom of | the human'race'is consolidated as it were in lan- i guage.” Thusmen have consciously or uncon { sciously preserved the best results of their men- i ial efforts; or the spontaneous expreesion of their’ | natural mental gifts. Bya careful comparifon ; of languages, and. even.of 1solated. words, we ; may form some idea.of the estimate men them- i selves have put upon their own mental faculties " throngh all ages.- Diffcrent nations have by no * mmehns the ssme richness of £xpresaion to desig- paie these facnlties; and - some mations make . nice distinctions between ~ special : mental jpowers which others do not recognize. { The Germans give the names verstand snd ver- nunft to two eidesof ourmental powers, meaning | by tho former the reflective, argumentative, combining power, which we may transiate'as in- . tellect, intelligence, reason ; and by- the latter | the unconscious; apontaxicous action of mental | force, without that element of logical sequence ! and ' combination which bolongs - to con- ; ccious intellectual effort, Our Xnglish word i intelligence renders perfectly the German ver- | stand; but Ecnse, nnless wo qualify it as good ! sonse, or judgment—that quality, in short, which takes cognizance of and guides our daily lives ‘without conscious effort, translates the | German vernunfl, -This is not the place nor i have I the knowledge to follow this kind of il- i Inetration.. Iaflude toit only because tho com- « parative value and eignificance of words has a * inrge share in the investigation of mental quali- { ties and their expression. ! Are all mental faculties one? Is there only ¢ one kind of montal power thronghout the whole | anims] kingdom differing only in intensity and range of manifeatation ?. In a series of P ble lectures given lately in Bosion by Dr. Brown- cquard, he laid before «his audience & new i Fh{losophy of mental powers. Through physio~ { logical * experiments - combined with & cares iful etudy and comparison of - pathological i cases, he has-como ‘to_thoe conclusion: that there'are two eets,. or a..doubla et .of mental powers.in the human. organization, or acting ; through the human organism, essentially differ- | ent from the other. -The one may bo designated ! e crdinary conscious intelligence ; the oth- ©r as o 'superior power whicly, controls our bot- ter uature, solves,- sometimes suddenly and nn-. expectedly, nay, even in.sleer, our problem and | perplexities, guggests the right thing at the right time, acting through -us mthont: conscious ac- tion of our own, though- ensceptible'of training and clsvation." Or porhaps’ I should rathior sy plastic instrument, throigh . which this power MENTAL FACULTIES. OF ALL VERTEBRATES SDATLAR. Ido not see why this view should not be'ac~ septed. “It is in harmony with facts as far as we_know them. The' eXperiments- through which my friend Dr. Brown-Sequard has eatis- 3ed himself that the subtle. mechanism of tho of it, are no less acnto than they ard curlous and interesting. If this yiew bo just, the question arises whether thesa. facultios exist to a certnin degree and within certain limits in all higher animals, and whether they are found at all in the lower animala. In the decision of this question anatomical considerations cannof fail 10 bo of importance. The structureof the framo and the disposition of tlio norvous centres have & certain uniformity throughout the - wholo tnl:u of vortebrates, including mammals and man. In all, the brain and spins] marrow hold the same relation to tho rest of the structure, and from these nervous centres arise the narves which go to all parts of the body. If Iam not mistaken o can trace in all vortebrates mental powers akin to those of man. "Wa cannot deny to the higher snimals some degreo of argumon- tative power, nor an action of the reason _ and affections eimilar fo our own, without shatting our eyes to the plainost and most unmistakable facts. You will find it difficult to persuade a man who bas' been inti- mate with an intelligent dog that its _plays, its antics, its care of its young, its love of friends, its memory of them and lovalty to them, differ in kind from like sentimenis of his owa. How does the delight of a dog who_starts with his master for a day’s hunting, evidently with con- gcious anticipation of the pleasure before him, differ except in childishness of cxpression from that of the bunter _himself? Animals are cer- tainly as keen in perception, ss ready in avoiding danger, as_watchful of their young 28 man; putting him to shame somstimes Dy their tender, uncelfish cara of their offspring. Todeed, in their moral relations they give evi- denca of & natural sense of right and wrong as keon if not as susceptible of higher development a8 that which we find in'somo men, Therefore, 1 say wo bave no right to claim a privileged posi: tion among created animals on the ground of the essential nature of our mental powers. o have only this great privilege and superiority : that we can tratn our powers to & higher dovel- opment ; that we can acquire, increase, an preserve wisdom through accumulated knowl- ‘edge, and with this higher endowment comes & nobler responsibility. ‘A DIFFERENT EIND OF INTELLIGENCE IN INSECTS! I believe, therefore, that vertebrates, in con- formity with the simifarity of their organization, have an identity of mental faculties, differing ouly in degree. Whon, howorer, wo sualyze the manifestations of iutelligenco in insects, recall- ing, for instance, .the economy of , the hoe, e have no longer the same guide, nor aro the acts of tho same character. We soo_thero a totaliby of powers and abilities, thousands of beings act _ing for one end scemingly with one aim, very lerent from the individusal intelligence of man and the higher animals. The anatomy of the in- sect; thestracturoand arrangement of its nervous centres, the distribution of its norvous fibres, sbow us & totally different organization from that of the vertebrates. Wo are therefore led fo sasume, and perlaps on & trifling basiz, for all our knowledgo of these facts is in its infancy, that these manifestations of mentsl faculties among insects are peculiar powers unknown to us and to animals structurally allied with us; but distribnted widely among insects, and exhib- iting almost as great comparative differonce of xange and intensity as mental facultios among veriebrates. There is no greater difference of tomperament, for instance, between the sluggish sloth and the ever-active monkey, than between the slow-creeping insect dragging itself over the ground, and the grasshopper or the butterfly. Indeed, in a single community of bees, there is & marked difference of temperament in the dif- Herent kinds of individuals, These are problems’ which should interest every thinking man, and which solicit observation from tho unlesrned as, woll a8 the learned, for the field is wholly new. Intelligent acts among insects are not the resnlt of experience. They. prepare for conditions they have never known, and manifest the power we are wont to call their instinct at their birth, ond even while they are still inclosed in their calls. -The different members of the community differ vory much, 08 we have seen, in habits and temperament ; and yet there is no difference of organization between drone, working bee, and queen beo, Evidently, then, though their or- ganization is the tool without which they cannot ‘manifest .themselves in any way, those mental differences are independent of organization. SHAPE OF BEAIN NO INDEX OF MENTAL DIFFER- ENCES. T remembor that the last paper I readin Europe before coming to this country (before the Helvetic Association' for Advancement of Science in Genevs, in 1845,) was upon tho brain of fishes. I attcmpted to, show, and I think I id show, although the subject hs not sdvanced a step since, that the habits and natural dispo- sition of that class of animals are entirely inde- indent of the characteristic featurcs of their rain. Fishes of the greatest voracity and ex- coedingly active in -the pursuit of their food, such £6 the salmon, trout, and all that genus of fish, have a brain identical with that of other Tepresentatives of tho -ssmo family, such . ss the whitefish (Corcaonus), which : feed _upon dead sxd decom: ‘poed organic substances, do not hunt s living proy,‘and aro pesceful, quist, inoffencive sl nals. The attempt to localize the mental facul- ties of mén and animals, to connect them with the superior organization of special parts, has failed. - The brain in its totality is an orgen of ‘peculiar structure throngh which mental powers are manifested, though, as’ we have seen in the instance just given, the constitution of the brain may bo the same and the disposition and habits entirely different. Of the naturs of theso men- tal powers and their relation to structural or- ganiztion I am not prepared to speak. No one can_give the results of an investigation befors the investigation is made;and we are but on tho threshold of -these studies et us return for s moment to the other side of the question. How ar thoee powers trens- ‘mitted from gencration to generation ? Throngh what agency are they so handed down 2 Letme remind you again that thero is not » living being, snimal ‘or vegétable, unless derived from the ‘budding or division of snother like itself, which 1aa not arisen from the growth of an ogg. “Tho egg, Irepeat, is the sieve through which the past history of one living being is sifted botore 1t is received into the history of another living being. Hero wo bave true cvolution. The egg of an animal gives xise to an animal like the one from + which - it --proceeded. The ovule of sn oak gives rise to an acorn, and in time to an -osk. Everything comes' down tothe egg, and the egg in_ita development unfolds all it hias received ; unfolds every facul- ty, disposition, feature, or structure transmitted to it by the whole .ancestry from which it is de- rived. This is true evolution; as the facts of neturo give itto ns; and I believe thisis the Juman frame; about- whioh-we-know o little in' ts connection with - mental- processes;” is” some- iimes acted upon by'a powsr outeids bf us.as fa- niliar with that'orj 8 are iznorant | only sense, and thess the limits within which or- ic evolutions actually takes place. - No egg is own to produce anyihing but what wasim- s;rted to it throngh the maternal organism, nor Tbelieve any o to have the nower of ayoly- ing what {s not in it. Celuinly no_euch case ig Inown tous. But tbere is still another ques- ion. Does all which js in it necessarily come out of it in.overy casg?. . I do not think it docs. Though nothing cap, como outof tho egg but that which tho ogg brings from its ancestry, it does not nocessarily unfold all the capacities in- cluged within it. . THE QUESTIONS OF ORIGIN. oy thoss .powers originated. is a different question from that of their maintensnce, and ono for which we Leve as yet no answer.-Whether they can be or ever, have beon altered, or added to, in the cowrse of ages, i & question Wwhich can bo considered only in-the light of. Feol 1 succexsion, and I leavo tht part of_thie subject oubof conrdgrilion now, becauss it requires o, vast Rrray of geological and palzontological facts for whicl we way not have time in (his course. Xconfine mysell now to the bhistory of -the egg, and repeat emphatically that, as far as we know, the egg evolves nothing but what it has received from progenitors, .and - does not neceaskrily evolvo that, in overy case, wholly or uninterruptedly, there boing - sometimnes & break in the tontinuily of _inherited, fortunés, tnd & reproductior. of them aftera lapso of ‘one or mors peneratiops 3 5 From s0¥mo of the facts'we have beon consid- ‘aring, it would seem doubtful how far tho act of fecundation is essantial to all tho phepomena- accompanying the growth angd production of a now being. 1 havo slinded to the segmentation of tha cgg 8 a process initiating . the formation of o new béing. In a number of species of fish 1hete observed that the process of segmenta- tion reaches an mdvanced mtage before tho eggs Luve been fecundated. 1t such ins stanceh the mew being is certainly initiated previous to the fertilization of the egg. Thein- dependent fnflushitd of the fomale in guch a case {s certainl§ iiof limited to the production of thé gz with a yolk of certain dimensions. Shealso without any participation of the malo gives tho firat impulie to thn formation of the' germ. A vory interesting fact in_connection with this question of non-fertilized germs has been re- ported to me again and ngainby intelligent farmers from the State Board of Agriculture, but I have uo other proof of it than their state- ments. I have been assured that if & turkey- Len loses her brood she will lay another set of esgs even though there be no male tarkoy in the poighborhood, aad theso eges will hatch into & perfect brood. Nothing would bo more valunble to physiology than a° careful record from the practical farmer of all facts con- cerning breeding. Dut such dbservations must be made with great care, and precautions taken to eliminate ail sources of error. Itis becauss 8o few people are in_the habit of observing cau- tiously and accurately that I do not accept with absolute trust the statement of the gentlemen I have quoted, whose word would be safficient vouchor in any othor matter. As it is, their re- orts have only given me an intense dusie to now the truth about these facts. ANIMALS THAT INCREASE BY DUDDING AND SELF- DIVISION. = (4) ASTRANGLA. T'will now turn to another mode of reprodue- ton quite common i the animal _kgdom, that of budding and self-division, including the phe- nomens of alternate generation, the non-gexual mode of multiplication, There are many of the lower animals among which new individuals axo produced without oggs, the offepring being & roduct of the parent in a quite peculiar senge. Bhether e call the perent. malo or famalo, is, 22 you will see, & point often very difficult of do- cision. 1f youwould underatand this subject in it details, I refer you to the mastorly work of Prof. James D. Dana, of Yale, who has treatod it ih 0. more exhaustive manner than any one else. I | Liavo time now only for & genoral sketch of these curious reproductivo processes of which there are a great variety among Radiates. Some aEuDiaa of corals bud from the bage, others from the side; some put out single buds at & time, others produce an excrescence or bulging, out of which a number of new individuals may arise simultaneonsly. . As simple an illustration asT can give you is the sca-anemono and tho Astran- gia. When expanded, the outline of the body is somexhat liko an open flower-cop, and the Te- semblanco is increavad by the tentacles around the' upper margin, which remind one of thoe cut or fringed end of a flowor. A transverse sec- tion across the body shows yon the po- culiar radiate structure, "all parts radiating from the centre to the poriphery; from which all animals belonging to this lowes type of the animal kingdom take their name. The Ano- smone usually buds from tho base, which is some- what expanded, and gives rife to & little swoll- ing. This littlo swelling, by a succession of changes, gradually takes on all the features of the peront animal. A depression takes place at the top of the swellirg, gradually’ deepening il 2 bagis formed within, which i8 the' digestive . Tho upper margin puts out Lollow ten- tncles, snd theso tentacles open into and corre- spond in number with the radiating pariitions of the body. In Astrangia we bLave the same mode of buddiug, from thé base; and lateral buds also, ds represented in tho illus- tration. - 'Such. an individual © having completed its growth, drops off, and leads an in- dependent 11 of its own. Another instance is thnt of the Astricans, so named on sccount of the star-shaped form of the little pits crowded upon the surface of thelarge coral heads, formed by their_sggregato growth. Starting with a single individual form from an egg, such a coral puts out aix buds, symmetrically disposed around jteelf. At first they seem only small ewallings; bat by gradual growth and change, such as I have briefly described in the Ancmone, they ag- sume all the features of the parent. -They en- large, become hollow by the thinning of the irall, and the cavity thus formed opens into the central casity of the parcntbody. Having reached maturity, they proceed to multiply by ‘budding in their own turn, and this process goes on till such a community may_ be counted by millions. In this kind of polyp the members of the self-sustaining stock remain together and load & compound lifs. Bo it is also with the Dbrain coral, in which the mouth of the various members of the community gradually run to- gether, bocoming merged into each other £ill they form the winding, meandering furrows {from which the brain coral or Meandrina takes its name, The Astrmans or Meandrinas always grow insymmetrical rounded masses, or heads, as’ they ars commonly called. (B) ASTRIA. Bus there are others, such as the Madrepores, which grow in_branches; the top animalin_ the Madrepores, that which forms the end of the branch, being always larger than the surround- ing ones, ©) MADREFOBA. In Clapoacora few buds arise from the main siem as distinct branches, : (D) CLADOCORA. _The Porites resemblo the Astrmans, but their pits, though star-shaped, are smaller, and they never form such large masses. Theybud in lumps. : &) TORITES, . The numbers of individuals in such communi- ties differ greatly. In some epacies of corals thoy are counted by hundreds and thousands ; in others only by dozens. In the branching corzls, the swelling from which the now individ arises takes place on the wall of -the parent ct somo height above the base, and 8o with all the siiccaeding buds, the tendenoy being thus to spread upward and_outward instesd of expand- ing in & solid mass like the compact corals. To these we may add all the fan corals, which bud in such & manner as to form flat, leaf-ike expan- sions, on the surface of which may be seen the mouth openings of tho countless creatures which compose them. A good instance is the Gor- gonia. @) - GOBGONTA. . Tt is a curious and interesting fact in its bear- ing upon different modes of reproduction that these stocks start from individuals born from eggs. Not always, it is true, because, ag in tho case of the Anemone, an individual budded from paront may reproduce in the eame way. - But tlie two modes of multiplication go on_together. A polyp born from an egg attaches itself to some solid foundation and puts out one or more buds, which grow into boings exactly like itself; 0 that here is & twin or & multiple organization pased on both Emcsssel. "There are other kinds of_pol: like communi- - ties called Hydroids, in which thadifferont mem- bers, instead of being uniform, have distinct characters and different functions.' Such a com- munity, derived from & s;l;lfile egg, may includa fertile and sterile individuals, others whose sole part in the common life is to act as locomotive argans, others whose office 1 that of ‘supplying all the rest with food. There is, in short, no end to the diversity of these communities, and I must defer the further discussion of them to an- other Jocture. 2 —One of our residents who recently lost a horse called at Barnum's drug-store yesterday to solicit that desler for & small contribution to- wurd defrayisig tho es of another horse. Barnum was not in, but the unfortunate citizen 80 vividly described the extent of his loss that Al Bcotf, the clerk, 'commenced fo cry, snd finally contributed a quarter of a dollar. to the general fund. This 50 touched the heart of the unfortunate man that, despite his aflictions, h ordered soda-water for himself and son, mg paid for it out of the guarter. Some men would Tave gono to another store with their trafic. - ‘RECOLLECTIONS -OF-MACREADY:- i From the New Yok Times. TUnlika many other grest actors, the popnlar- ity of Mr. Mncready sprung entirely from tha public recognition of his geniua.’ There are fow great . actora of either the ‘present or past whose reputations - .have. . :béen - dn- hanced, or at least widensd, by, ¢ thefr privals livéi ~But.in the caso of Mr. Microady, outside of a limited circle of the ‘general public were as ignorant of his habits as they were thoroughly .conyer- -sant with the lofty standard of his’ genius ss'a’ delineator of human passions. . No man ever ehrunk from publicity more thanhe, and to pass thiough tho stroots of London unrecognized and unnoticed wos s genuind sotivéé of pleasire to him. - MR Bacte wis - &' man- of, high cuitdrd, - Hensitive to a° faulf, dud ‘without an stom of the self- ishness aud jealonsy which so often cheracterize actors. His very Iack of these professional be- Tougings fraquently threatened to make him in- tenecly unpopular with his sssociates, many.of ‘whom were apt to misteke the zeal of the thor- ough artist for tho mers dogmatism of the mar- tinet. Thoso who knew him in his youth, strig- gling in the provinces of England to prepare for his London ordesl, where he was to meét such giants 08 tho Hemblgs, Edniuid Keas, and Young, dver that he then exhibited the same dogged determination and zeal for having things done properly a8 he did in the very last years of his professional life. With such & natural tem-. perament, aud with manners so different from tho reckless Bobemianism of a large mnjm'sificf actors, it is not surprising that he was disliked, by very many. ‘His nesociates in the Provinces wére profligate to & degree, and oitrageously reckless of lfipeu’- ances, while he was both morally and intellectu- ally beyond their appreciation or sympathy. His life for the six years of his pilgrimago was a con- stant misery to him, and more than one instanco is related of his regolve to abandon the stage forever. During thié part_of his career a very popular comedian, a Mr. Huggins, who-had a strong antipathy fo'the refinoment of Macready, sin,ved a'practical joke on him which nearly ove the tragedian o distraction. Mr. Huggins was very popular in the country.districts, not 80 much for the extent of his gonius as from bis extraordinary powers of facial oxpres- sion, nature having furnished him with an enormous head, groat goggle eyes, and a most, ‘extensive and plastic” mouth, The effect of those gifta had been painfully obsorved by Mr. Macready during tho performance of various tragedies, when ths most pathetic passages were complately spoiled by the contortions and grima- ces of this. buffoon.. - On the occasion of Mncrudg'u benefit, Massinger's ‘A New Way to Pay Old Debts” was.to bo performed, with Macready a8 Sir Giles Overreach and Mr. Hugging as AMarrall. Hero was s fine opportunity for Huggins, and, as Macroady observed him revel- ing at rebearsal in suticipation of the roars of huil:lar be would command at certain passages of the play, hie groaned in spirit, and in themost. conciliatory manner possibla bogged Mr. Hugging during Sir Giles' great scene in the last act to romain perfectly still and not endeavor to dis- tract the attention of the audience. Mr. Huggins a8 at first inclined to rebel, but nfter considera- tion Leagreed to remain quiet from the time Sir Giles’ graat acting began. Those who aro familiar ‘with the play in quostion will remember that the Iast ecene of the fifth act affords unusual scope for very powerful. acting, and 'in this particular Bceno Macready was wont to create a wonderfnl effect. Marrall is on the stage thuing thewhole of "this Beone, 'Hngiin] conducted himself ad- mirably until Sir (files gave his firet scream of rayo at finding ‘himself foiled, when Huggins, being in the extremo corner of tho stage, zavo & start asif affecied.with Sir.Giles' passion. It was but natural, of- course, that Marrall should oxpress some little emotion, and, as Macready did not observe the manmer of expression, ho continued with the groat scene ;_he worked him- self up to a patoxysm of fury, rushied about the stogo, and, in short, wes . 18 thrilling a8 sual, But, strange to say, instead of his largo audience being overpowered with emotion and-listening te him spell-bound, ‘from the ' moment Marrall gave his start they began o titter; as Mr. Macready progressed, the titter changed into a laugh ; and when he had arrived at the d climax of the scene, tho sndience were convulsed—not with terror, but with uproarions laughter. Macreadywas beside himgelf with mortification, and was unable to explain_ tho cause until he cast his eye mpon - tho wretched- Marrall, who, from his spasmodic start until that very moment, had stood as if etrificd, scting up to his word in not moving and, fato, or musclo. With his gogelo eyes starting from his head, his mouth wide open, and his tongue protruding from it, his legs at an angle of forty-five degrees, and one hand on his stomach and the other on the top of his head, 1o stood throughout the tragedian's great scens unmovable and apparently unconscious, while the audience's excitement increased each mo- ment, and the power of the trogedian was -for- otten in the buffoonery of the miserable clown. % i neodlces to say that the conclusion of the play was as ridiculous as it should have been tragic, and Marrall, and not_Sir Giles, was dubbod the hero. Mr. Macready’s indignation was great, and he vented it by informing - Mr. Hoggins han when he next played M with him he would give bim liberty to stand on his head, turn somersaults, or dance s jig, rather than witness such another exhibition. i One of Mr. Macready's greatest terrors was the provincial dramatic critic. An snecdote is told of Mr. Macready’s settlement of an Exeter memberof the !rnfemitilwhil:ll is worth repeat- ing. Mr. Mscroady's Macbeth wes gonerally conceded his strongest Shakspearian character, and in “Afacbeth* ho commenced * his Exotor cogagement. The morning following the debut the local journal. contained s eritique of two columns in length, in which many defects were pointed aut sud goodly smount of advice given as to how he could improve that perform- ance. During the dsy a number “of residents callod npon him to congratulate him onhis suc- cess, and, among others, a very short young man with spectacles, who, in & smiling ' manner, introduced himself as the local dramatic censor, Mr. Macready appeared glad o see him, and continued the conversation. “The critic was sur- prisod that Macready exhibited no_ emotion at moeting him, so called his attention to the fact that he was the author of the criticism in the morning journal. Mr. Macready replied, '“Oh! Tndeed 1> The young man doprecatingly hoped that Mr. Macready was not hurt at the severity of the criticism, and concluded by obeerving, in the words of lago, * You know; Mr. Maoready,” T am nothing if not critical.” At this Macready turned, and smilingly replied, “Yes, sir, and d— little at that.” “This difficulty batween Macresdy. and Forrest, which culminated in_the dresdful Astor Place Opera-Houss, in this city, recalls an incident in the troubles betweon the two great rivals, nover yet published, we believe, When Forrcat was bissed in London, a8 he thonght, through Macready’s sgency, he followed that entloman to Edinburgh to return hiss for hiss. acready appeared in_ Hamlet,” beforo a very large sudience, ono of thie most conspicuous per- sonsbeing Mr. Forrest himself, The latter wag Seated in & proscenium box, and waited patiently until the middle of thie second act boforo he gave vent to Li Jeon. When Macready spoke tlo familiar lines, *When the wind i5 sontherly, I.know & hawk from s hernshaw,” Forrest stood up in the box and de- liberately hissed his rival, aud in such a manner .28 to attract the attention of the whole audi- enco. Macrondy.very calmly continued tho text, and &poke tho following lines at Forreat: “* Hark ou, ‘ Guilderstein snd. Rosencranz, that’ great Taby you noo thero is tiot yet out of Lis wad- dling clouts.”_ The effect was instantaneons ; thoss who underetood the difficulty existing be- tween tho two actors Iaughed and applauded im- moderataly, and Forrest left the theatre greatly Macready's visits to América wero sources of mach proft and pleasure to Lim, and he always epoke of the Amarican poople in torms of sdmi- ration and respact; A Iumber of amusing anecdotes hlvngacn told of - his difficulties wi fho actorg of {hia country. - The badt of these, however, happened in Alobile, and is so well known, professionally, that & few yests ago it wes introduced into au sbsurd iravestie of -« Hamlet,” in this city. Macready was very ‘methodical in his business, and the_ place wharo 1ie died, or fell, inany of his plays, never varied, 10 matfer whal tho surroundiog cir might be. In playing Lamlet, Le, in common with all other Hamiets, occupied the centra of the stage for his death Bcene : the King dies at thie back, 8s he should. In the arrsngement of these details Macready Wwas very exacting.- In Mobile, the gentleman cast for tho King had an antipathy to Macready for some unexplained Teason. and . made . himself disagreesble throughout the whole evenisg. His place to die, at the rear of the stage, and just at the foot of the throne, was allotted to him, while Laertes wns sppointed -fo” die on the right hand, and Hamlet, of co in {he exact centre. Whea the time for the n%hter»q-nved, Laerles re- ceived his death-wound and-fell upon the pre- cise spot alloted to him, Hamlel’ rushed up the stage, stabbed the Kgfl, and, of course, ex- pected to see him -fall st the hack, but, to riot ot the | circumstances |- Macready's - nstonishment,—the ~wounded-~King staggered all over the stage, and_finally died in fearful agony in the ‘contro, -on the precise por- tion of grecn baize upon 'which. Hamlet had in=* tended to expire, The desd: King wasa very. large -stout man, 80 he, with Lacrles, almost fillod up the etago, leaving the lucklces Mécresdy to_die'ln painfal obscufity. . Upon: reach- ing the flder, ‘bofore giving up the ghoet, Micresdy, in-an excited whisper, demanded from Ihelx'in%!why he hod died in_the centre of the stage. THoroupon tho dead King deliberately Toso up, and in langusgo, audiblo all over tho whole house, excleimed, Look here, Mr. Mac- ready, I'm King hero, and I'll.dié wherever I dafn pleass,” : B T * Another anecdote of Macrady's American career ghould not be’ omitbid, a3’ fi is highly characteristio of & certdin ¢liss of Gctorswho always hayd 4n 85p - effect, withont .regard to consistency’ :What is known in the profession as & * atility” man, was to be tho recipient of a benefit the week following Mr. Macresady's en- fgngement. * The night preceding his own benefit, Ml:readyg‘lnyed inonoof the lighter comedies in which he ‘occasionally - appeared, the utility ‘man being cast for a servant, whose sole busi- was to announce the arrival of & carriago. The actor was _considerably hurt ab the insignificance of his part, but made the best of it by wearing » gorgeous guit of livery and stationing a few of his friendsin the gallery td give him 3. “rece&!ion“ on his appearance. The cne was given, tho flinkey appeared, was re- ceived with boisterus fppbmsu, dnd delivered Dis Bolitary line. My lord, the carriage waits,” and then, beforo Macroady could reply, stepped briskly to tho foot-lights, aud continued, ** And allow me to observe, sir, that the man that lays his hand upon & worien, g1+ in the way of kind: noss, is a wretch_whom 'twere gross flattery to call 2 coward.” Macrendy was dnmb with hor+ ror, and our ufility man, secing his astonish- | ment, enlightened _him .snd the audi ence by very londly exclaiming; ‘You seg; AMr. Mncready, I bave to make my benefit a8 well as you,” and then turning to-the sudi- ence, * Ladies and_gentlemen, let me here re- mark that my benefit will take place this night week, when & host of attractions will appear,” and with this he bounded off the stige, to the intense delight of the audience and oady’s utter disgust. ) Macready was the most original of actors. Ho was the first hero in Bulwor's thres best plays viz: ‘*Richelien,” the Lady of Lyons,” anc “oney.” He was the original reprosentative of Sheridun Knowles Virginius, William Tell, and Caius Gracchus, and also first performed Byron'a Werner, one of his greatest parts, besides orig- inating ‘such_characters a8 Gasbia in !‘Ths Slave,” and Rob Roy. All the traditions ‘which Tave descended to the actors of the present day, in conneetion with theso plays, have come from Nowadays, when an actor or singor leaves the stage, it raquires at least five years in which to take farewell of it. To this rale Mr. Macready was o bright exception, and wheb, in 1851, he Joft the boards, he left thom never to retarn. In giring his farofell performance in Liverpool, in ecember, 1850, he reccived an address from a ‘umber of citizens urging him to continue in his profession, and asking why he should deprive the public of his genins in ivs golden prime, Macready appeared before the sudience at the closo of tho play, and, in a fow words, deliversd his valedictory, telling his hearers, 'in simple, honest words, that ho would rather bia the miser- ablo-old man who sold play-bills onteide- the theatre, than, 28 & voteran, * Iag superfluous on the stage, to live upon the memory of past reputation, and to ask spplanse from™ an audi- ence bocanse he once been & good actor., A LAKESIDE REVERIE, As if enticed from ont some lustrous sca, ‘And made content to beautify tho biue, Yon evening star drips with redundant beams, ‘Norsces & rival’s ray in all the West. From out the generous East, th rising 3oon, A fresh-throned Empross of the shadows Night, Comes in her silvery state, while pouper Earth Taves in her magic smiles, and kughs begemmed. Down at the hemming of her azure roalm, Thero goeth out afar, and right, and left, An aqueous glass, compound of stufl o pure That oven mermaids would be chary Jest Thelr sportings might aggrievo its cleanliness, Brooched on the Hppling ofing of this sheet— ‘A vague romotencss pampered by the gloam— In watery mimicry hier lixeness sita; Tho wavelets coming to my feet steal each Erqm it s tiny losd of meltng lgnt, ‘And seem 3 disciplined procession 5 or, A welrd-woue cordzge of resplendent strands Thrown out from ehore to give an anchorage, And held distent in deprocation lest, msyhap, Tho im3go which it fetters fres itselt And fice from Evening’s court to Dusk's domain. From out a chapel's walls, back in the fown, ‘A organ's pipes impol Tich sound-waves o To meet the liquid waves that pat the 3ands ; Nought but the deep substructure of the strain TFlosts to my drowsy ear—it is enough ; My brain is plessed to conjuro up the rest, ‘And lose itscif in harmonies that scorn Tho galling harness of acquaintanceship. Wild wintry tossings o'er, Eatth dreanis to-night, While Peace with mother-vigil throwa spell Along the borders of this surfless sea, And brooks no boist'rous mockings of her sway. zephyr, romping with jts mate, ecpy leaf ; all elso 18 mule, When last I stood upon this beach, the aky Whs carmine, and the waters blood-like scemed ; I viewed Destruction's panoply, and brzthed ‘An atmosphers made up of fright and awe, Not all the circlings of this hoary world 1In thin vacuity have meted out Tho fiery peer of that demoniac night. Ciurcaco, 1673, Joz McGovEmy. GERMAN IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune: Sm: Somo time ago, soveral articles, headed “German in Our Public Schools,” and signed #Third Ward," appeared in tho Chicago Times, and last April's issue of the Chicago Teacher contained an article on the same subject, under the very peculiar hesding, ** Our Elephaat.” The former articles displayed suchignorance of the subject reviewed that no sensible porson could attach much weight to them; but the lat- ter one is more formidable. I say more formid- able, not owing to any intrinsic merits of the article, but because it is known to be the pro- duction of the editor of the periodical in which it appeared, and who bolds the. influential position of Principal of onme of our public schools. The article iteelf is eo full of misrepresentations and migstatements, and is 8o remarkabio for its want ‘of common sense and logio, that no person whose opinion is worth anything would attach much weight to it, but for the ‘position of the writer. T was not aware that German had been intro- duced into the public schools in order to secure political votes from the Germans ; but, even if that were 80, what of it? This argument wou!d amount to mo more than the opposite ono, which. I have heard suggested, viz: That the movement got up against the teaching of Ger- man waa for political purposes, to secure votes by pandaring to the prejudices of the lowest and most ignorant class of en, No, sir! The subject of teaching German in onr public schools is t0o -important 8 one to be made the catspaw of demagogues and offico- seekers, whether German or Irish. It must be judged of on its own morits. ; Tin editor of the Chicago Teacher, and the reputed anthor of **Qur Elephant,” conceded the usefulness of German teaching a8 &~ means of mental culture ; but, whilst admitting its use- fulness as & part of the course of studyin high chools and colleges, ho is opposed to its- being tnu$ht in our common schools. ‘Were our public schools to bo frequented only by the children of the lowest classes of tha peo- plo, as is tho case in the village schools of Eng- Iand and Germany, I would advocate the teac! i- ing of German loss than I do now; though, even in that caso, it would be still useful, owing_to the peculiar circumstances wo are placed in. But our schools differ from those of Europe in this: that they are frequented by all classcs, and very few scholars, after graduating at the primary schaols, the “high schools. Consequently, - the standard of teaching must be, and i8, & higher one than that of the primary schools in European countries. In all schools in Europs aspiring to standard of education equal to that of our public schorY, at least one, oftener two, foreign language® aro taught; and the question forusto deide i8, whether, situatod s we are in America, it i Judicions aud advisable to teach s foreign lan- guago in our public echools. Ihave &\ven the B ibject a careful attention, and find the advan- tages of studying one or o foreign langusges to0 great to enumerato: . Firsl—By studying s forcign lavguage the people are constantly led to compare it Wi their own, and thus acquire a better knowledge of their own lan 'We ofton hesr, in Amer- ics, educated porsons make gToss ‘mistakes in their mother-tongue, which they ‘never would ke if they had studied a foreign Isngusge. “Second--Being able to read foreign suthors in their own languages liberalizes tl 0 mind, and. ives ono & better insight 1cto the literature, intellect, and morality of theirnation. .~ - Third—A large rgpomon of our resident opaiation. boing of German descent; the Ger- man Ianguage is spoken to such an extent here " other branches. - ‘thatits’ knowledg™ it nocsssarlly it great social, and even monetary advantages. ¥ Now, the anly argumonts that Third Ward and “*“Our Elephant” do advance against the teaching of Germanare: . .. . - < . 7 First—That the teachig is insufiicient. - '+ ©: < Second—That it interferes with the !tnd! of * Third—That it is not compulsory. . Fourth—That- the German teachors are and inefficient. < " . Fifth—That it has o' tendency to.Germanize America. B T Pormit me to oy that most of these orgu- monts are incorrect, and some perfactly.absurd, a8 I shall endeavor to prove. 1 have spoken to a number of {eachers..in_hos3 cligtés Germar gs' taught; and they refato all these assertions as alse and ridiculous. Instead of German infer- fering with the other studies, almost all find it an mfm-ugu, and aesurad me that those pupils taking German are inno way whatever inferior to those who do not. As to the alleged inefficiency of the German tenchers : We havethe statement of Mr. Pickard, the -Superintendent of our echools, that at present the German instruction of Chicago i iving more eatisfaction than it had ever done efore ; and that the teachers worked iith more efficiency dnd harmony: T presume Mr. Pickard's statement otight to bd entitled to dt least some weight, the Principal of the Wells School not* withstanding: , 2 ; . German is taught in the public schools to amnteurs only; which proves the statement of # Qur Elephant " incorrect, which says that the scholars take the lesson with dislike, and that their number decreases, and tries to prove that this -study is more of & sore than a pleasure. Yery singalar and bold statement; i the face of the very fact that only those thet particularly wish to take that lesson are allowed to join tho German clasd ! 3 A proof that the teaching of the German lan: gusgo in the public schools cannot mean o ' Garmanizo ” the Americans is the very fact that the children educated at German schools here will speak English when thmg together on the vary same German school premises { A GenyaN TEACHER: timid WHEN, THEN, DO WE DIE ? From the Cincinnali Gazette. Since tho latter end of the eighteenth century, when Bichat wrote his wonderful- troatise Re-. cherchés Physiologiques Sur La Vie et La 3ort, physiologists have added & thousand fold to our knowledge of the phenomens of life, but, until recently, scarcely one jot or one tittle fo a correct perception of death. One, however, is 80 inex- tricably allied to the other that a scientific ap- prehension of life, its energies and suffsrings, can not even be hoped for without a correspond- ing examination of physical dissolution. Aad this word dissolution we use with authority, for Liebniz’s doctrine of death is a3 justly celebrated 28 his theory of life. Liebniz,in his celebrated letter to Arnsuld, held that birth is mothing but the development or evolution of s liv- ing being already formed, and that corruption or death is similarly nothing bu the involution of the same living entity, oven in what we call death, preserving and maintaining its pristine vitality. Thus, according to this eminent thinker, lifo and death are merely changes in the order and harmony of tha living body, and consequstit- 1y death & mare dissolution of the ties of - so- callod human lifa. Bichat wenta step beyond this, or rather, perhaps, gave usa less meta- physical conception of the ides of the great Ger- man.’ He considered the brain, the heart, and Tungs as a species of vital tripod, and endeav- ored to aacertain how far the death of one or the other of these great n{finna influenced or detor- E:m:gdthu collapsc of the remaining functions of 0 body. Very recently Bichat'sinveatigations have beén ursued to a still Inr&bbrdpoint, the . distinction etween organic death and apparent death has been still more broadly drawn, and- recent ex- ‘periments have proved beyonda doubt that death does not attack life with a single stroke as it were with a sword-blade, but that member dies |' after member. that one fanction loses its vitali- ty after another, and more strangely still, it seems ominently probable that even after decap- itation the eas head can for a time be re- stored to sentient life. The resemblance be- tween sleep and death, that relationship of which all paets from Homer and V‘u{l to Ars. Hemans and Shelley have sung, has heen proved in & manner even their intuition could scarcely have dreamed of. In slesp ono sense fades away com- pletely before another is affected. The eyes aro sightless l:l_:fibefm the ears have ceased to hear, and the will power is lost whils tho imag- inotfon remains in Yull activity. It is the same in that living death which, in spite of AL Gus- tave Flourens, extreme old age generally resem- bles. . The senses fail in succession. The ear becomes insensible to sound, the touch. 1s blunted, perfumes lose their Iragrancy, the eye is darkened, and the taste frequently ia the only ‘evidence of Eentient animal life. There are ex- coptions—the ¢ lightning before ' desth,” s pears calls it, but they are raro. A few hours before Besthoven died his hearing and full voice returned to the etricken musician, but that he himself heard the prayers ho repeated is one of those anomalies in nature which furnish the exception to prove the rule. And, a8 we have already said, it is now proved that it is the same with death. It seems at firat sight that death intervenes as aoon 8s the heart ceases to beat, bocause, the circulation being thereby arrested, it is impossible to keep up & uup‘yly of nutrition to the several urg‘_x:a. But modern researches have shown that is very far from being actually the case. Thers are hun- dreds of nervous energies which retain a certain living activity long after the heart has lost its own proper vitality. It has been_conclusively proved that the hair and the nails have in many cases grown long after death, aud Spallazani has added & yet more important fact. He fed a erow, immediately killed it, and placed it in s temperature equal to that of the body of -the bird when alive.- Six hours afterward he opened its stomach, and discovered that the food had been thoroughly -digested. Another physician, M. Robin, o Frenchman, experimented Tupon a victim of the guillotine, and found that the heart continued to beat for nearly an hour after the loss of the head, and that.the. removal of the liver, the stomach, and the intestines had no apparent effect in destroying its sction. In 1858, M. Brown-Sequard, one of the ablest physiologists of the day, carried this experiment atill forther. He carefully decapitated a dog, and_ ten minutes aftorward applied the vanic current o the head. No movement was perceptible. He then placed to the four arteries found at the section of the nmeck clyster pipes communicating by tubes with a reservoir of frash oxygensted blood, and observed the' enetration of this blood into the vessels of the ead. At once there were irregnlar movements in the oyes and the muscles of the fate, regularcon- tractions apparently directed by the will suc- ceoded, snd for & quarter of an hour, during which the injection of the blood into the cere- bral arteries continued, the hesd to all outward semblance was restored to life. The tubes were then removed, motion ceased with an agonized shudder, and death cnsucd. The question was at onca asked whether such a resurrection were not applicable to man also, and Mr. Robin en- treated M. Brown-Sequard to mnke the attompt. So convinced was ho, howover, that the fanc- tions of life wero thoroughly restored by tho firocem!, that he refuscd to cxporiment upon the esd Of any man, executed after the French mode, upon the ground that he conld not con- sent to be & erty to the tortures cither head or trunk would undergo when by this means tem- porarily restored to life. “Another physiologist, M. Paul Bext, has pur- sued the samo train of investigation by atother method. . Reasoning from Brown-Sequard and Robin's experiments, and upon the well-known Tact that after apparent death: the muacles bo- coma rigid ogrce, only, firs thoso of tho jawbone, then of theabdomen, then of the neck, aod then of the breast, and convinced that o= l fter of more prot-ted anic death is 8 ma Eradation than is. gepseely beligrga_f <t ol o tails of two_9ld rats and grescd on3 upon the pwad and ope-dpon tho back_of ppon the & 2bo - ‘fails speedily unted %e new organism o TUh fife as whan attached to the body cf their £l possossor. 2L Bert intends to sgain cut off these tails when the rats grow old again to en- graft them and ascertain whether Iife thereby cannot be indefinitely prolonged. We arenob ‘phyeicians, bot it ¢ ly would seem feasible if such experiments are successful in the case of the higher animals upén whom they will cer- tainly be tried, to remove an armora leg from # man recently dead and graft themupon & one- armed or one-logged veteran from the wars as § better substitute for the limb he has lost than any which the skill or art of man can make.. Almost everyone has heard of the attempto t0 restore snimation by the alectric battery made from time to time eince Aldini firet tried it ab Bonlogue, in 1802, wd ovory physiologist will Tecollect the famous case in’ Glasgow. when, an hour after execution by hanging, rage, horror, despair, agony, and terror were distmctly seen portrayed upon the countenance of - the desd when submitted to the battery. But by this " means 1o wan has hitherto been reutorad%:\j- manently to sifo. The French Academy of Sci- ences, in 1848, thought it, howover, of such im- portance that they refused to recognize the clusive proof of organic death, and considered it established only by the Setting’ in- of. putrefac: _tion or muscular immobility under tho battery. The fact remaine, ~and ~it—msy now be con- sidered a8 incontestzbly demonstrated, that man doed nat die at'orice ; that 0ne or More membera - livo, and one or more functions. retsin_their vitality after all apparent life is gone. e ara 1o longer compelled o believe that the story of the head of Madame Elizabeth blushing at an in- sult offered by the exocationer, in the dresdful days-of the reign of terror, is altogether a myth, altogather a tale told from the heart withoat any participation from the intell SR ks THE LAST SUPPER. ++ And when they had sung & hymn they went gt fata tha © Mount of Oves.™ What song sang thie twelvo with the Savior ‘When finished the Sacrament wine? “Were they bowed and subdued in behavior, Or bold as mada bold with a sign? Were the hairy bressts strong and deflant 7 ‘Were the naked arms brawny and strong ? Were the bearded lips lifted rellant, 5 Thrust forth and full Bardy with song What sang they? What ewet With Christ in their midst While Lero sat St: Peter, the lion ‘And there, liko & lamb, with hesd Sat Saint John, with his silken and raven Rich hair on his shoulders, and eyes Lifiing up to the ven - dows; Was the song a8 strong fishermen swinging ; The noia ull o Lobe to o soa o wave, singing o thelr loved Galllse? ¥ero they sad with foreihadow of scrrows, . Tike tho birds that sing low when the treezs 1n tip-too with a alc of to-morrows— 'Of earthquakes and sinking of sexs ¥ Ah soft was their song as the wavesars - . 5 ¥ “That fall in low musical moans; And ead I should say as the winds are ‘That blow by the white grave-stones. ~ From Joaquin Miller's New Volume of Poems: e - HUMOR: The back-pay eonundrum—Givo it up. . —Though sn honest merchant is & plain enter is a deal planer. —\What is the difference between bayonets and bullets 7 Bayonets are-driven, but bullets are lead. Or low, liks Sen-4ongs Qesler, but when a woman meets with a misfortune she marely goes over to her mothers and takes tea. —The anly feathers in the lava-beds are thosa worn by the Modocs. - A prodent man, says & witty Frenchman, is fika & pin ; his head prevents him from going 00 for, - -t eare would never have asked, ¢ \What's in an aim ? ” if he had been hit on the head withs brick. Sayn ‘the minister, al » marrisge, t0 & farmer : - Our joint occupations represent tho chief - excellence of life. “ You till, I tie.” (Utility.) 2 . Hilaiernel —Littls womsy (suggiog hor now gol), . © Isn'tghes darling? I'd give her to you, only—she's my own !” = \What best describes and moat impedes's Christian pilgrim's progress ? A Bunyan (buu- ion). ) The article chiofly sold at most fancy fsirs— The visitor. — 44 Who breaks pays.” This doesnot apply to railroads, as they pay men fo brake. . —‘Ho 18'dead ; but he pays just sswell sshe ever did,” was the reply the Belfast Journal got fo » dunning letter. —G # out on the fiy "—The spider. ZAs & rich and pretentious shoddyite waa looking at some paintings which he purposed to buy, the dealer pointed toa fine one, and sai “here is -a dog after Landseer.” “Is it, really!” exclaimed the pretender. *Whst is the dog after bim for2” S ~_The reason why Pagans aro 8o far behind- hand in the march of civiheation is because they are such idol peoplo. . z = ing man wes lataly sdvertised for, and described a8 having & Boman nose. He won'tba fonnd." Such & nose aa that will never turn up. —We notig that the “ agricultural editor” of - “one of our exchanges advises hia resders to “plant their peas in the new of the moon.” Wao advise our readers to plant their pess in the ground.—Boston Post. ¥ ¢ \What ia the difference bstween the engine- driver 4nd & passenger who has Iost the train? One is right in front, the other loft behind. o Fadian summary wish— That the Warm Spring Indians will give the Modocs an early 21l % —The Ban Francisco Chroniclesays : A Saora= mento man - went home night before last, and fonnd his fair but wicked wife enjoying the company- of -another man. He was 80 mad that he stamped around and nsed such nngentleman- . Iy langusge that after s while theintruder got tired of the noise, and left in indignation and disgust at such behavior.” fair partner at a Boston ball: * Migs, don’t you ' ink my moustaches becoming?” To which Mios roplied *Well, oo, but they Baven't ar- == ; 5 —A woman out West interfored with her broth- er’s mx‘ifl!ti}, and begged him to stay at home evenings. He waited until the- evening when she expected her awn lover ‘and complied, and she gays that fraternal affection is a heartless mockery. e e —Those Troy men arehumbugs. Oneof them who built s splendid residence's, few years ago bad & capacious wine-cellar included in the plans. Ho has just boen converted to the tem- erance cause, and now uses his empty wine-cel- Jar 7oF the nafe keeping of & very fine game-cock and occasionally for & rooster contest. —TIt being reported that a Western member of Congress bad; zs0d B e tract of land, and was going into the vegetable business on an * extensive scale, an old lady of the neighborhood remarked : * Well, he’s had some uzeful experi- enco, for he's raised his own celery for the last two years.” ‘Bhe ‘was undoub! thinking of salary. —Johnny, the minister's som, went to his father one mornin; ,direli:}l? after family wor- ehip, saying, Fathor, while you were praying I SaW aman stealing grapes.” ¢ Well;” said the good man, It you had bsen praying too, you - Would not have scen him.” —Sense and Sensibility : ¢ You've heard abon! the poor dear Duchess ?° Isn't it- too awful?” 41t in, indeed? - *‘ Did you happen to Imow Her Grace ?” ¢ Well—er—no!”" “No more did I! Happy thought—Ilet us try and bear up !”" ndge Herkely saya it has been adjudged when & porson said of a lawyer that he had as muchlaw 28 a monkey; that the worda were not actionable, because he had as much law, and more also ; ‘bat if he had said he hath no mors Jaw than a monkey, these words would have been actionable. e 3 ‘—At a recent examination of candidates for the Civil Service, one of the questions pro- pounded was * What clerical experience have you had, if any?” To- this one aspirant had appended his written answer—** Lutheran.” An- other wrote, ‘‘ Methodist—s little.” —Adjustment: Bootmaker '(who has a good deal of trouble with-his customer)—*I- think, sir, if you were to cut your corns, I could more easily find you & pair.” Choleric Old Gentle- man—‘‘ Cut my corns, gir! Iask you to fit me a pair of boot to my feet, sir! I'm not going to plane my feet down to it your baots!1 —A drunken Toledo man Wwrote on the wall of his cell: * Jug not, that ye be not j ) —There is a littlo xailroad at Bayou Sarscate that ruus to Woodville on a very imquired Bcale, A stranger came in ong 43y 2;the coun-~ how %n thie steam-car m: T #Tri-week- try. 10 Pt inl S weell 2”7 The W tri-wee i 1‘3:!"! W'“haf d y[v?gfiv;‘“ one wees 2od tries to LBt -4n we ever saw, como dor the : oMY APt accommodatiny 7 Tho Danbury News, gig, Sra0yes the Gaptain of o steamship joss, Ped between Kew York and Port Rag o oii28 the war. Ote duy' ot and Port RS overboard, and went to tha Captain sbout,’ e old gentleman gaid it i an 1op the vessel to recover it, Jras lotpo m’,,},aam mako a mark on the rail oo £indly % Jerboard, and get it when he came back, WedW him moke the mark onr- olves, snd weyemember tha in all that motley crowd there w. 20t & single dry eye. —The dyir 7Ord8 of “great men bespangle r?sl:cri a8 “u;dxl peepbnnglz the :5’. rack may re o anticipated : Thoso of (1,5 ittlo Iasacbod.” P —“Wo =1\ to Feo that there is a tendency to suy dsmas)y when “damnably™ is Tatonded. Hiy froquol¥ we hear peoplo who are educss- od ney ¥ Youe damnly mistaken.” These er- rors in gpeechre growing more numerous all +he while, aniur language is consequently los- ing that pritnd tone which are characteristia < . of itinti®orinal. A little watchful care on- the part d alkill in time remove present ers rors and dflyert 1ture defects. i —Sundy-schls have been running in In- c:xmn&olt:fi\!j {;m ; and yet eight out -:J.{ ten L ens wink when they —Tt isoid tha voral of the Modocs who were sho in the ‘g gp, te 204 munition conld be got to them. \ . ements with our . . hoofn dod befor® \ir shara of the Govern-. . ment blake : ba faces 2 Like s sensiivo child’s in surprise. .- Y {Vhon & man hus. trouble he tekes to drink, —1It is reported that a juvenile dandy said toa - '