Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 11, 1873, Page 8

" ‘ments in this city of perhaps a like character, THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, MAY 11, 1873. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. . TEEMS OF SURECRIPTION {PAYADLE IN ADVANCE): bally, by malt.. 12,00 | Sundar. Eri-Weol 03| endsy 5358 Parts ol a year at the samerate. | S To prevent delny and mls! be sure and give Post OfSco addgess in {ull, inclnding Stato and Co\lnf‘ 5 Remittances may be made either by draft, »xl-ml. Post Dfice oxder, ot in resistered lotters, at our risks TERMS T3 CIIY SUBSCRINERS. B‘“" o et Qeliverod, Sund , 2 conts por week. celivered, Sungkt kx:f»i‘;fl‘x::’ 1.2‘;"5(1 ?.55 oo A% L) PANY, Cocnor Madison sad Deasborkate.. Ohibags, il The Chicage Tribune, Sundsy Morning, May 11, 1873 THE WLAUGHLIN DENS. The recent flight of the man McLaughlin lmm the ontraged public sontiment’ of Chicago, and - @0 breaking up of his establiskment, was & \riumph over vice. Nevertheless, tha’ fact ro- maing that thero are scores of other establish- and that even his flourishéd successfully. for soveral years. All this ghows that the victory w28 but a particl one, and that.crime in that peculiar form has bt been seriously disturbed. The success of these establishments is, howavet, Jargely due to the very natural unwillingness of parents and relatives to prosecute the creatures who inveigle children into these dens to corrupt them. Without such- prosecution, the law is powerless. McLanghlin fled from public opinion, and not from the punishments of the mw. The friends of ‘the deluded children cution for every ten homicides. There was an jncresse to thirty-one murders in every million of population, when tho number of executions decreased to one for every sixteen homicides. In 1870, however, thero was only ono exccution for sixty-six homicides, and tho number of mur- ders increased to fifty-three for every million of inhabitants. Ithas always been difficult to de- termino exactly the fairness of the claim ‘thet ‘murders dooresse with the sbolition of capital punishment, but this exhibit is certainly as good # oriterion as can be obtained, and it is directly opposed to the claim that has leen made, The full and graphio dispatches which the correspondent of Tre TRiUNE has sent from the Cincinnati Musical Festival during the past week have “brought thatseries of entertainmonts very near to the Chicigo musical public, and have found as general an interost in this city as the aboxt season of Itslian opers’ which Mr. Marotzdk has given st. MoVicker's Thostre: In very ma;nyx_espncts, tho Cincinnati Festival has greater musical importance than any number of operatio performances, and its influence will not bo confinod to the locallty whero it was held, The first and most important “work which Lhn Cincinoati Festival has_sccomplishod, has been to demonstrate to all people genuinely interested in musical culture that real progress is répro- sented rather by quality then qusntity. Itis confidently stated, 88 & result of Mr Thomas work st Cincinnati, thst jubilees of the Gilinore ‘schdol’ will henceforth bo sbandoned, It was ¥ho are msde victims in these places tave sorrow and snguish - enough, withont parading the whole' story; of iridiseretion, Ihonghtleseness, ehame, and degndat\on! be- fore tho' public, to-follow the children through life. =~ Nevertheless, the law ought ko be competent to trest this flnscnphun of rrime with s punishmert tha will fall upon’ the leceiver and not upon'the deceived. The cor- -Juption of children is the moat malignant form ¥f aasault to which society is subjected, and yot 1 foarishes in sl American cities with hardly Any check. While the law isdefective and wesl, both in prevention and punishment, parents snd telatives aro also Fesponsible. Boclety.welcomed and encoursged the institution “of - afternoon amusoments, to which fomilics, especially the gounger members,could go and escape the an- ‘uoyanee and trogbles of late hours st night It was & wise uuhtuhuu 5 it ‘permitted . ‘the family to attend such places without necessarily taking the father and husband from his business. | But these occasions have been sbmsed; parents pormit théir children” to attend without awy odult guardian, and- ‘mpon - ihau anprotected children the waris weged by :men and women, wmdln\mly»imt constantly, nnhl at last the discovery is madé that they are ‘batitusl visitors of the establishments. devoted to flle trafic in children. No parent who will person- sliyattend these afternoon performances, ‘mless blind to all external evidences, will ever pormit his children to visit them without a proper guar- A caso of this kind hos Just beoii- disposed of by tho courts in Paris, and public sentiment opon such questions is supposed to. be” as toler- ant there as anywhere clse. A gentleman hav- ing & family found at his house s note, stating thet the writer was sware of his toste. in paint- ings, and inviting him to call at'a place desig- nated, whero ho would Ese some’works of urt that might bo pleasing. - This note was inclosed to thue police, who at once proceeded to obsoivo the premises. -They. first noticed that a large number of unattended females, fashionably dressod, went in and ont. At night' thare were froquently sounds indicating - revelry in. the building. At Iast it waa determined to force & way in and arrest the inmates. The snmmons of the Chief of Dolice was answered bys sorvnnt‘ in a livery of bloe and gold, whio asked his name, Asgoonasit waskndwn that tho polica were at the door, a genorsl alarm prevailed throughoat the' bouse. “Thero was a largd’ number ‘of - women ‘present, all of thew handsomely. and .some ox-" travagantly dressed. . Thexr general uppemnns - was that of nmndmm B an evening party. The botso was espensively decorated. . A book was found contsining the names ot tho- patro the establishmont, male and female, including- many persons of rank. The m\'usugnhon proved that the honse %as kept by womad, who had & mule partner, and that thoy had ‘snother :house of the same kind in Brussels ; that s large part of the business was to entrap girls at the eatliest possiblo age, and to change these from one city to anothér for the double - purpose of avoiding pursnit and of giving variety. to thoir. patrons Tho law of France, in'such casos, spplies ‘only {0 thoso women who'are under s ‘age. Of {hese |~ thers were, of conrse, many who told their story; snd exposed the operations -of the pmpnaiom. Tho Court sentencod the two. fomals ‘principals. 0 & fino of 400 francs each, and two years’ un« prisonment ;- another, 800- francs ‘and; blght ‘months' imprisonment ; and another . got- thréo years’ imprisonment. “Among the inmates were gisls under age elonging to seyeral countries in Europe, all of whom had been entrappod st home, and forwarded in due time to Paris. What is needed in this country, and especially in this city, is some aathority to deal with erimi- sl establishments of this kind and thoir propri- etors ‘after the mnnunr of this French codrf. The police can point out twenty houses in Chi- c2go which, under one disguise or snother, are made tho harbors for the unfortunate children who fall into the hands of these vultures, mele £nd female. ‘No one complaing, snd no aétion &, taken. Bociety is shocked at what is celled ' youthful depravity, while it tolerates the eating- ‘houses, oyster-parlors, saloons, cigar-stores, and' various other disguises under which the capture and degradation of children are carried on. The police anghé to hiave pawerto enter these various places, rescue all persons under -ago, and then arrest the proprietors, to’ bo properly and severely punished by the courts. -Upon the profts of these establishments are main- tained an army of idle and worthless male vaga- ‘bonds, who are the beat-dressed men®in town;.| who consumo- the - finest cigars, drive the most ehowy teams, display Lhe lergest diamands, and are at the same time the creatures who hunt up ‘Victims to be fleeced in the gambling-houses. The statistics of the Census Report have been |- fonnd topresent & complete argument -againat the wide-spread assumption of those who oppose capital punishment, flmtlnngmg is nota pre- Vention of the crime of murder,.-It appeara from the Census Report that, in 1850, there were 227 homicides in & population of 23, ,191,876, 21 of which were punished with death ; in 1860, 989 homicides in & population of 81, ,443,821, when. there wero 59 executions; and in 1870, 2,057 homicides in s population of 38,025, 598, with 81 executions. Beducéd to clearer Pproportions, the totel’ murders wers only ten in * & million whmkhenwmen- of Imown before that they wero purely sensational. The patriotio ides was = large element in their composition. The popular notion of patriotism is inseparable from noise. It was, therefors, with s big building especially erocted for the ‘Sccasion, & big organ that was built with Tefer- ence to volume of sound, & big drum that:was paraded through the. strects and covered with- canvas, and's big blow generally, thet Mr.' Gil- more brought his enterprise before the American public. .\ The first Boston Jubilee was barely gelf-sustaining, and the second resulted in & | financial loss, while neither one nor the other contributed s particle to the advancement of ‘musical calture thronghout the conntry. There ‘was no better nor higher ambition on the part of the American peopla by ‘resson of file\r oceur- renco. .No musicalideas were pmmn!gltnfl the ‘musical sociatios were rather damaged than im- proved; the orchestral players camo away with ‘more careless hnbits than when they went into it; there was tho contagious oxcitement of a great’ crowd, but ‘po-genuine musical en- ‘tbusisém. Mr. Gilmore himselt is understood to have said that he wonld never again make tho sttempt to organize one of these noisy, blaring, 4nd unsstistactory displays, in which anvils and “bélls' and big guns engulf musical ideas and destroy musical perceptions. . B .The results of the Cincinnati Festival are very dzflemnt. A trained orchestra of a hundred musicians, & well-drilled chorus of & fow hun- dred picked voices, an. arrangement of - pro- grammes that included 8 varied excellonce of selections, and & guiding musical spirit like that of Mr. Theodore Thomas, have provided a week of rare musical cultire, the ‘influence of which will extend far beyond the immediate enjoy- ment'of those who" were fortunato enough to be prosent at the Festival. Tho' complete financial” and artistic success Fhich has attended the Festi- val will encoursg institutions in the same legit- imate direction; and will teach the musical man- agers and directors throughout tho country that it 80t necessary to descend to the humbng and clap-trap of the itinerant showman in order o socure the attention of the- American people. Tt is a wholesome lesson, and thers is reason for the West. Chicago hasno dispositiontocomplain becsuse Cincinnati:was tho chosen spot for_this nnfn! innovation upon American - musical prac~ i, fof Chicsgo Will enjoy ith.by sults " in’ common with the rest of the country. ofr., Thomas i & ‘musical. prophet of his .day, and belongs £o all of usin common. Tho good work that ho has done"in Cincinnati will leave "its impress on all future musieal fostivals that ‘hope td sttain success and famo. - - -The :unscen and unfelt influence’ of Ar. Thomss'. srceess in Cincinmiati is broader than that which will be'illustrated in the musical fes- tivals, conventions, - snd reunions in; the future. Tt will axtend abonee to church music, school Bingmg, apemho and orchestrs performances. Thie Amdiicaa people have o, reason to depend upon. :the pemmml upucca of (nralgn artists” “and’ the delfish intorests of for- eign:_ impresarii . for their operatio and orchestral antunwxmmts, as'they havo always. Thére is good matevial in this conntry whi honlyneods proper ditection. and developmént to supply tho notable wants of our public musical' enfertainmants.. In te. opers,, for mstmw, the managers find it necessary to, fransport their. chorns and the nuélens of an or- "chestra in their excarsions throughout the coun- ally meagre, and the parformances Iack the com- pleteness and barmony which should be the pri- ‘mary consideration with the mansgerand publio. - A star singer cannot compensate for the bald- 'ness of the acoessorics, and. half-a-dozen good | playe: cumpc cantml s whole orchestra, - Yet there is no reason why every city cf tho sizo of | Clnc-go, Cincinnali, 8t. Louis, Milwau- kee, Cloveland, Pittsburgh, or other pleces which aro visited by the opers tronpes, should not contain a gaod orchestra and & good chorus, and even gentlemen and ladies entirely competent to £l the minor partaof operstic casts. "There is ‘material enaug)xin every one of these cxues to fn.mmh these accessories, and that it has’ never been bmughz lout is the result of the careless; slip-shod practices. of 'local musical circles, and thelack of pevere discipline and propér ambi- tion. * The population of -our American cities is composite, and all of them contain a variety of musical talent snd. sbility which, under proper cantrol, wau]d provide the very requisites that our popular musical elemonts lack. Thero should bo in Chicsgo and. Cincinnati a standing .orchestra of fifty musicians which Mr. Thomas conld combine at any time, ashe has done in last week's festival, and a drilled chorus of from fifty to & hundred voices that could be used whenaver the occasion might dermand. Theso accession§ will come in time, and. no efforts will Lasten the work 80 much as festivals of the character which Mr. Thomas organized for Cincinnati, “while no influence will retard it g0 much as the common practice of msking music the mere vehicle for attracting popular gatherings without regard to its character, to the demands of the best tasto and culture of, the community, and to the drill 2nd diacipline necessary to achiove musical suc- cess. The ninth census ‘reveals somo. interesting facts relative to the criminal statistics of ‘the | country. Oq the Ist of June, 1871, there, were - tional interest, in & scparate opinion submitted 32,901 persons in- the prisons of tho United Btatos, out of & total population of 38,558,871, one in every 1,172. Thero wero 16,117 nsf whites out of 28,111,183, or one in every 1,744 of that population; 8,056 colored people oub of 4,880,009, or ono in every 605; &nd 8,728 foraign born out of 5,567,229, or otie in every 637, WOMANS RIGHT TO PRACTICELAW. The ‘Myra Bmdwull case has found an addi- by Justice Bradley, of the United. Btntea Bupreme- Bench, in which ho is joined by Justice Field. The Suprame Court of llhnola had den!flafl thlt Mrs. Myra Bradwoll was not eligible to admidsion to practice law on account of -her sex. It was held that only mon wete admitted to tho bax un-| dor the practices of the Common Law, and that the Logislature of Illinois had not .made any chiango in this respect. It had been ordersd by the Legislaturo simply that no person should bo entitlod. to practicoin the Courts of Ilinois with- out first obtaining n certificato of good character from & County Coirt and alicense from two Jus- tices of the Supreme Court. This was held to 'be ' nomodification of the rules and precedants of the Common Law, but rather a committal of the righ; |: of practice into the hands of the Courts for de- terzination according to the usages praviously invogue. If the Legislature had intended that women should be admitted to the bar in Tllinois, contrary to the practicos of the Common Law, it would“ have expressly stipulated asmuch. It was for this reason that the Supreme Court of” Tllinois denied Mrs. Bradwell's petition. Mra. Bradwall then appouled to the United States Su- preme Court, which'afiirmed the judgment.of the- Supremo Court of this Stato, “holding that tbe Fourteenth Amendment to. the Constitution does mot authorize the Federal Goyernment-to interfere with the Stato Governments in regulat- ing the affairs and proscribing the daties of citi- zens in matters bolonging .strictly. to the State . citizonship, - sud that ! the laws of Illinois in this particalar = case do riot abridge any of the privileges and immu- nities of citizens of the Unitod States. - Justice Bradley concurs in this docision, but gives dif- ferent rensons from those specified in thomajor: ity opinion’of the Court. " Itis evident from this separate cpiaion that Justices Bradloy and Field cling to the old idea of woman's sphere in h.h, -and beliove it tobothe duty of Government £o sustain rather than nlter tho relations of tho sexcs as they have existed in pest times.. They evidently believe, also, that the ideas of the female progressionists are dan- gerons to tho welfaro of the family organizas tion, and that they should be.opposed at every step which - overreaches tho boundaries. of woman’s duties, as defined in the customs and practices of sges. They do not, on this account, oppose the effort to increaso the number of ayo-. cations 'which women are adapted by hstare to participate in, and to enlargo the scope of em- ployment which will onable those who must work for their living to eecure equal chances and fair remuneration, But this does not imply. that woman should be sdmitted into every offics sud position, or that sox should ceaso to bo & point of distinction fn tho division of this world's Inbor and duties, It is not every citizen, nomatterwhat his sge or condition may be, that is entitled to every calling which he would like to assume. There are various qualifications congratulation that it was :first demonstrated: at | snd disqualifications which 8¢t 08 recommen- aations or objections.. Lawa of nature should Teceive consideration, as woll s peculiarities of education, accidents of birth, differences in lan- guage, charactor, and ago. - Nature has provided” & Gpecial mission for woman. Her destiny, al- though she may occasionally miss it throngh no fault of her own, is that of ' wWifo and & ‘mother. The civil low hes recognized this, #nd “hay shaped society s0 as to pre- sorve the sanctity of the domestic circle, rlieve women of the .dutics of public life, provida for their protection, hold husbands responsible for their support, and, in many other wass, it has been modoled on the distinct lina’ of duty which nature hes marked out for the w0 oxes. Justico Bradley belioves, therefore, that it is the duty of the civil ‘authorities to re- gard the difference botwoen tho séxes as one of the conditions affocting the quallfication or dis- qualification of persons for certain callings in life.. Ha holds that public service is' one of the *avocations from which women: ¢honld be barred, a8 they could not enter npon it without jeopar- | dizing the fandamental relations of the married Tife, tho dutics of the domestic cirels, thé rear-: ing of children, ind the other important missiona . The result is, that theso features are usu-- which woman must il in of " sociely. Public servi actions_ of & pmfessmn like that of law,, whicli ia itself a guasi public service, inyolve Quties and rosponsibilities which, if rightly per- formed, woula leave them no time to care for- their part of the world's progress and the world's ‘good. Of course,” thero aro womén who will ‘never assume the daties -of womanhood, wife- Hood, axd totherhood,’ and who might be :ad-- ‘mitted to callings in life whére they would: bo useful, without defracting from the general Te- spopsibility aod duty of the sox. Butlaws and customs cannot be based upon exceptional cages. Thoy must £ollow nature and the experience of ages.; Tho.exceptional cases, Jike those of tho malo sox, must tako earo of themaslves as° Dbest they may., - Thero was one _point made by the Snpreme ’ Coutt of Illmms at the timo of its. denwlon in the Myra Bradwell case, snd prominently brought aut by Fustice Bradley, which would not hold -in this State under the later statutes and construc- tions. This is that o women has mo logal ex- istence eeparate from her husband, nx:fl can make no contracts that shall be binding on her orhim. This was held to be importsnt in ren- dering & woman incompetént " to” perform the Qutios and assume tho trusts of sttornoy and counselor-at-law. Bat it can no longer be citod in Tllinois as bar to woman inany] business or profession, 28 tho statutory law now gives the wife title to er Geparate carnings and_property,. | makes hor separate estato lisble for contracts: which she has assumod, and gives her s soparate recognition in the courts, which she did not have under the Common ILaw. Moreover, s late construction . of this Isw by the Supreme Court of the Btate has released hus- bands from lisbility for debts that: the wife may contract, as it was held that the Iaw would otherwise be one-sided and unfair. ‘The old principle of Common Law, which iderti- fied the wifo with the husband in legal relations, has. been set sside in Illinois, and cannot be arged as & disqualification for any pursuit. But the strong part of the decigion yet remnins, viz, : That the’ State has the right, under its police power, to_determine certain qualifications. for certain pursuits in life,and responsibilities in society, and that the sexual distinction in'nature may be considered among'’other umdmonn af- focting these qualifications, For the ‘present, then, Ars. Myxa Bndwal!, and’ ot.he: mbihnu Iadies, are shut~out'from practising law im the Tilinois courts, sud must content themaelves with the pleadings, the domurrers, the réplica- tions, the arguments, ‘cbarges, - and vordiots of ‘which domestio h"'bunala are apt to furnish a great nbnnd-\‘.l\c " AN O0THER RAILROAD-BOND FIGHT. The conteat bnh\'eeu the Paoplo and the Rail- ro0ad Corporations is 'sbout t6° o inlcnsiflcd.‘ Tnder the motorious and infamous .act of the Legislature of 1809, the valuation of. property - for State taxed in 1863 was mado a standard in 41l counties whx:h had -or might vote county bonds in aid of railroads ; and it was _prflfidud s that, in case the vnlmuon for tm'blo prurpnuea ' was inareased beyond that.of lm,‘tha pmcosds of the tax upon this increase. should: be :spplied ‘to thé payment of these boxids. - The incroase of | -valuation over that of 1868 haa not becn very great—the tax resulting . therefrom - in ‘1671 amounting to only $95,000. The whole smount | ‘of those bonds outstanding ‘was $18,693,958, ‘bearing an averege intcrést of ‘over “8*per cont. Bat tho State Auditor has' given nntmcfions that tho assessmont for 1873 shall bo 10 the full valne ; and, consequontly, taking thé valuntion of 1863 a8 & one-fifth valustion-of the ‘property in those counties at this time, the tax collected for 1878 in “those ‘cotintics will be divided—20 per cent for tho State Treasury, and 80 per cont for tho hondholders. . It is easy to ‘understand how s tax of una proporhom levied sonually upon the real and personsl property of onc-half tke counties in Iilinois, will: rapidly ‘ constitute s fund for tho redemption of these bonds, makiog them securities of the b«eb char; acter. - : During the period of 1&68—70 Tre cmnmo ‘TRmUNE warned the peoplB of these cuuntme nnd towns of ‘the danger | that Lhrmtuned tbam we warned them that tho-time of payment wonld. cartainly come, and that the bondholder * would bo utirelenting in his demand f6r intorést and principal. The Constitutional Convention: in .1870 put a stop to all such donations; and among the countios which hastened to mortgage them- solves £ aid a railrosd was tho small Countj of Kendall. .This county has :but nine townshipa;. the majority of its populetion is in the tom of Fox, Kendall, and Oswego. Fox voted @14, 000, -Kendall £22,000, nnfl OSwugo $50,000. By “the united voto of theso towns the county wag coms ‘mitted to an additional issne of $45,000, making an aggrogate of £181,000. The bonds all bear 16 por cent interest,-run twenty years, K snd were jssued ‘to the < Ottaws, Oswego & Fox Rivér Villey. Railroad Company. | The 'rosd i fifty-soven miles lomg, ‘and ex- .tends .. from Streator to Fox.River Juno- tion:* The Company, in addition fo the $18L- ’| "000 of bonds received from Eendall , County; re~ ceived from towns .in Kane; LaSalle, snd Mar- ehall Conntics, bondi to the axfount of £523,000, ora total amount of local aid of 2454,000. In addition to this, itiesned its;own bonds to the amount of $1,260,000, benring 8 per cent inter~ est, these bonds being secured-by first mortgago on thoroad: This issue was in excess of £22,000 permilo.’ The Company, thereforo, had the pro- ceods of 81,260,000 of its own bonds and $454- 000 of county and town bonis. Its capitalistock (unpaid) is probably not less then £2,000,000. Tho Directors thon leased tho road in perpetuity to the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railrosd. The people of Kendall County havo taken this matter into considoration, and claim thatthe Jensivg of the road -in_ perpotuity to tho Chicago, Burlington & Quiricy Rail- road Compapy has vitidted tho contract, or in some other wey released them from paying the bonda or paying any more interest. Carrying this conclusion into: effect, they hava omitted to pay tho interest, and now tho bond- holders have instituted suit upon the coupona to campel them to dogo. We suppose that in the present state of public feeling’ tlie payment of interest will bo stopped until this matter shall have been _judicially sottled, sad’ perhaps longer. In the meantime, the other towna in the other counties, having anr equal “interest in the ‘matter, will avail thomselves of any defense that Kendall County may establish: - 7I'his resistance to any further payment of intoreat on these rail- road-rid honds ianoe‘eonfi;ma to Kendall County, 'nummwmg itself in"Various puu of tho Sufn_ o DANGERS OF THE BDITLB. 'There'are fow Who hiave not an idea of the . : , perils that, environ . - The mham that meddles with-cald iram, ind thiero is a goneral undorstanding of the do- cidonts by flood and £ield to all men. The crim- inal codo {8 8 Jong one ; the cataloguo of things that rien must not do G Bteon tho incrosse, until thoman who wants o keep out of thie. . meshes of the law must, of nécessity, bo s’ mou’ of good memory. The latest warning is fo that class of men who buy their drinks by the bottlo; :who, instead of following the valgar practice of ‘going up to the bar ‘aud bujing -drink, have s -dozen or two of bottles Killed with their favorite tipple Bont home &0 their houses, to bo "enjoyed quistly sud comfortably in’ the domestic circle. To these tno Legislature of Illinois has given' s solemn’ \vm-mng, the neglect af which wi!.l bo visited with severo penaltios. S b ) 'l‘ha Story of the ‘Bottle has been told vaxy often” by temperanco ‘lecturers, and it hab 'been presonted on the atage’as & moral drama, played on alternate nights with *Ten'Nighta in a Bar- Room.”. The Legislaturo of linois, ‘howover, has not been moved in this instancy by any con- sidaration of exorcising: tho devil that is sup- posed to lurk in every boh.le, ‘tempting his “vic- tims to their oWn destruction ; nor has it in this instanco made any attempt to punish the sale of | poisonous compounds, nnder tha namé &f liquer, which-are gold by the “bottle. It.has:simply added to the crminal cods that o' man who buys a bottle , of » drink only bnys vthe - liquid, | and flmt,' if “ho attempts: to use tho bottle, as his_own property, he. becomes & 'thief. Thslaw provides that, ‘when sny manufactarer “or dealer in alo, porter, beer, eods, or other bev- erage, who gells the same in casks; barrels, bot- tles, or boxes, sball file with'the County Clerk & written description of tho names and marks used by him upon these vessels; and publish thé same in a newspaper, it ehall thereatter, be unlawful for any verson, without tho written consent of the original proprietor, to mso either barrel, or bottle, for any purpose Wwhatever, or to sell or buy the same, or to break or deatroy them, aud, upon conviction, shall be fined. for every such offense: The law goesfurther, and provides that the using of euch bottls, &c., in the manter in- dicated, or the possession of such ‘bottle, &c., by junk or othor dealer, shall ‘be prims. facie evidence that such use or’ poasaaulon is unlawfal, .and any person, charged upon oath with ‘this’ unlswial.- act, shall be .arrested, and :the Court shall “proceed to"try such m\ued party a8 in cases of assault and bfl:tery All persons who buy their buvunges by the _bawrel or bottle, in order, to avoid tho danger of should hereaftor “firat vi and procure & list of all the muka and brands on. file in that office, and if the hmla or bomes which he. ;mrchue!hne cnn-espundlng ‘marks, he must bo careful, after he has’ ccnsumed Lhe bev- erage, not to fill them again, nor ¢ break them, ior to sell them, nor in'any way violate the stat- nte. Tlm law is ulcue a8 to'what a man mly fdo with the empty bottle. There is i o mqu.h'emnnb. toreturnit; nor can he giveit awag, or sell it, orbreak it; having-once bonght it ho must; it sooms, forover keop it, and if his purchases are - extensivo, he is #pt, in time, to lnve sgood 8 ntodx .on band. - The only escape which the lnw permits ‘seems - to . be that, when he * pnl\- chases & dozen bottles,:. he can, by paying an exira foe, got written permission to do what ho pleases witlr them, in which :case he can uoll, sszignment of his pcrmusiun. We, suppose & good cnstomer can purchase a witten, amlenon, good for a whole year, at mmmnt&- tion rates. Bat it will be seon that buymg ernges by the bottle is attended with serious dangers. “The purchaser is bound to keep the' bottle for all time. If'he is a boarder he must carry it with Lim every time he moves. He can 1o more . get rid of it than the fellow in the phy conld get rid of the “bottle imp ;" for the man | who throws an empty bottle out of the window must be tried 8 in & case of sssault and battery. The Le-,risht\u‘o was precisely ninety days fram- ing thislaw. Committees withont number tried their hand to fashion it, d0d ‘the suthor of the bill, it is said, left Springfield, npon its passage, declaring that he had written his name in im- perishable . charactors npon Lhe great clmrtar of ‘buman l.\'burty & FRENCH TRAITS~lIl. WILLIAM MATHEWS, OF THE UNIVER- EITY OF CIICACO, Now what do thcso facts indicate regarding the French mind? What are the qualities of the French people that render clearaess & funda- mental law with them' of ail good composition? Wo have in it, first, a proof of the genial, sym- pathetic, and communicative spirit of the nation. The French aro an eminently social people, and their'snthors havo slways their readers directly ‘before ‘them. ~A German ‘vwrites obscarely, because his happiness is in secluded rumina~ tion. . A Frenchman always writes clearly, because his happiness is in social and intellec- tual intercourso. * The first calld up shadowy dreams not loss with his pen than with his pipe. The other is engaged in_the.commorce of thought in his study, not less than in the salon. Hence the superiority of the French in conver- sation and letter-writing, and in all the forms of Jiterature whero grace, sprightliness, and spor- tiveness ' are required. The easo, liveliness, brilliancy, and nairele of théir familiar letters-is | confessed by the critics of evéry nation; and their - * Historical Memoirs "—which are but another kind of familiar letters, addressed toso- ciety at large—surpass in number angd excellenco those of all other countries put together. The delicacy and keenness of French wit must strike every reader of their literature. Light, plagful, brillfnt—glazicing as tho sunbesm—its meaning can travel from ono mind to another by the airy conveyance of an intonation, an interjection, or aword. Anglo-Saxon wit, in comparison, is pon- derous and clumsy, reminding one of the ele- phant “ sreathing his lithe proboscis ;” and, in- deod, ono might s well attompt tocaich the sun- |. beam, and shut it up in & box, as to express in Saxon-Englieh the delicate, ethereal beanty of French wit or sentiment, which, exprossible only by that tongue of polished steel, dofics alike imi- tation and tranelation. As the Franch are the wittiest of the Enro- BY PrOT. g her, ‘because she has Toved much. pean peoples, so there is none by whom it is more keenly appreciated, or ‘among whom it produces so prodigious effects. How many political events in Francohas s bon mot heralded ! how many has it occasioned! Never was there a government in France that did not turn palo at o caricature, shudder at a political song, or tremble at an opigram. ~Lomercur says, in his addresa tothe Academy, “The history of France is written by its song-makers;" and Chamfort wittily designates ** the old old regiro™ 18 “an absolato monarchy tempered by epigrams.” Hardly sny man ever became famous in France without having a witticism of somo kind attached to his reputation. Henry IV., it hus been eaid, reigned by bon mofs; and cven Bonapnrto could not dispense with them. A series” of bon mots —begun by Voltaire, continued by Diderot, and systomatized by Holvotins—destroyed the an- -cient religion, sspped the fonndations of tho throne, and changed tho destinics of the mon- archy which Louis XIV. u.nngmud bo had fixed | for conturies. Tt is tho social nature of the French,. —-thifl in- tense power of sympathy,—which is um founda-. tion not only of their virtnes, but also of their most beautifal intelloctual qualities, and of their unrivaled influonce (at least till very recently), in Europe. What other nation has exhibited g0 tonstant and 8o vivid & sympathy for tho' strag- gles for freadom beyond its border, and in what' other literature shall we find 80 expunzivo'and eoumenical & genius, o B0 generous an apprecia- tion of foreign 1deas ? ‘Who will say that Guizot- cliirhs too much whén he assorts that Fratice is- “the. focus,” the contre of the civilization of Earope ; that the best ideas and institutions of other countries, before they conld hecome gen- oral, have had to undergo in France s new prop-' aration, and thence start forth for. the_conquost of the world? 'Or who Wil accuse Demogeat of exaggoration -when he. declares’ that, though England startedthe ' eighteenth centiry on ita literary ‘caroer, it was. from Framco; that it received its most powerful and lasting ‘im- pulse? . That which among the Epglish was scat: ‘tered, He eays, centered in® France in abnming focus; a‘common aim gave to new ideasen irre- sistiblo gower; - Disciplined even in futiny, the Fronch philosophers, notwithstanding, their bic- erings, had in COTAMON 01O PUIPOSe, Ono method. ono will; for France is everywhero one, " They gave to f-he cold speculations of Englishmen the fiery life of a roumsing popular -eloguente; the discreet and learned skepticism-of Colling, "Tin- dal, and Bolingbroko wassharpened by tho Liting | sarcosm of Voltaire, and glowed with the burs- ing theism of Rousseau. Newton left ‘his sano-, tuaty and camo among us, thanks to the anthor ot the ‘ Lettres Anglaiscs,’ and of the ‘Eleméhts’ do Philosophie;’ the frigid'and didactio analysis of Locke felt” cold and unpalatablo * after the spirit-stirring pages of ‘Emilo’ and of the ¢Contrat Social’ It seemed, indeed, ns thongh in English idas could get a hedring in the world only after having found in France its European expression and its immortal form.” - Do Maistro, who had profoundly stadied the French chatac- ter, shows in the “Soriees'do St Petersbourg,” that there never existed a nation essier ta de-: ceive, harder to undeceive, or more powerful to | deceive othors. *Tvwo peculiar characteristies,™ says ho, addressing the French, d.\atmgumh you from all the other peoples of the world,— the epirit of aasociation and the spirit of - proses Iytism. All your ideas are pational ‘and. passionate to - the core. The- electric spark, running, ke the lightning from which it comes, through a mass of men in communication, feebly represents the in- | stantaneous, I had almost said tlmndarlnx, in- vasion of o taste, of & system, of & passion among tho French, who caunot live dsolaled. .If you would but act upon. yourselves, one might let you alone § but the passion,’ the necessity, the rage for uting upon others, is the most salient trait of your character. . . . Every people has its misgion ; such is yours. The slightest opinion which you 1aunch upon Europe is & bat- tering-ram propelled by 80,000,000 of men.” It is true that in the recent deplorsble war, France was the unjust aggreasor; yet we ne nat fear 10 ask, in what other land would & war .when confronted by’ conclusions at which_ his, ensices conduct him. Clogely connected with: this logi- enthusmastic a support a8 from her ? The national mmu ‘of France are many aid-grievous, but;ds” Mr. Tecky remiarks; -4 much yill"be forgiven On the other it has been inguished for ita keen” moral sgnge’ n.nfl its yalty ‘to.duty, o its eympathies 16r others have been ' momentarily roused; mfl toa lofty pitch, has“been, on' the whole; row, and mmympnhu ‘d“ of “philanthropy, 1o wara against appres- sors, 4ill it hes taken up tho slate and found that the expedition will “/pay.” Rven in his pn“to charities; John Buil nover lets' hisfeal- ings rua away mth his reason. Inthe midst of tho most heart-rending. parratives, according to., Sydney Smith, he requires the day of tho mpnux o the year of our:TLord, the name of - the parish, and tho countersign of three or four respecta- -ble householders. After these sffecting cir- cumstances, he can no Tonger hold out, but gives way to the kindness of his nature,—puffs, blub- "bers, and subsoribes. ' In the management of his own affairs, the Englishman exhibits the grand- eat, qualitios of endurarice, eaergy,.snd skill. [ His literature is rich, exaltod, : copious, and pro- found. * The researchiea of his scientists exhaust the'secrets of nature; his”travelors scour the globe ; his mmnhuann of wealth surpage’the fabled hoards of the Roman patricians ; and his countless fleats teach the world tostand in awe of bis gigantio, porer. But in his judgments of other men, he is thenarrowest of mon.; His eyes cannot pierce beyond the thick fogs which.| surround his island into-the regions boyond. “Qur country,” acknowledges a late ‘English writer, “i8 an ieland, and wo despise the rest of Empe our coiinty is an igland, and we despise the other shires ; our pariah is anidland, with peculiar ‘habite, modes, and inatitutions ; our houscholds are istands; and, to complete the whole, eacli stabborn; broad-shouldered, strong- backed Englishman i8 an island, surrounded by & misty, tumultous ses of prejudices and hatreds, generally anspproachable, and at ll times utter-" 1y repudistive of a permanent bridge.” The exquisite | pemph:mty of the French litera~ ture shows further that in the Fronch mind the reasoning faculty predominates. Implicit bo~ Hovers in logic, anxions to sonnd ‘all the depths, - and to acale all the heights of human knowledge, the French aro mortal foes to obscurity, and wage an unending war against. all the powors of ‘mental darimess. ** The most subtle of analysts,” says Bir James Stephen, ““the Frenchman dis- | sects hia ideas into their component parts with a tonch at once so delicate and go firm as almost. o fustify his exulting comparison of his own vocabulary with that of Athens. The rmost perspicuous of experimentalists, ho explores with the keenest glance all the phenomens from which his conclusions are to be derived.. The ‘most precise of logicians, he reasons from such- premises with the most undiscolored mentsl vision. The most aspiring of theorists,” ho fixes an eagle gaze.on the highest. émi- nences -of thought, and - passes.from ome mountain-top of speculstion to suother with . & vigor' and “an’ ‘easo pecn- liar to lnmsal!. And henca it hag ‘happened that tho' writers of France have become exther the teachers or the interpraters of - science and phi- losophy to the world st latge; that their civil jurisprudence forms the most simple and com- prebenti7o of all existing codes of Iaw; aud that their historians, their moralists, and their poets ‘breathe freely in o transcendentalatmosphere too rare and attenuated” fo’sustain the m(e.llechul life of grosser minds than theirs,” On the other Land, this logical structure nf the French understanding, while it msures;the, highest clearness and Tuminousnegs of style, Eas’ Ied to that tendency to push every conclusion to its utmost consequences,—to that remorsaless Frgoisme, 8s they have happily termed. it,— which is 8o striking a feature in their intellec- “‘tusl character. THe, slaves of syllogism, thoy march with unflinching intrepidity to any con- sequence, however. absurd, which seems to follow from what they regard as well astab- lished premises ; while they refect any doatrine, howover strongly it commends itself to their in- stincts and to the instincts of the racs, if it can-, niot be demonstrated inmood. and figure. Un-. fortumately, there’ are somo ideas which cannot” boexpressed in torms perfectly transparent or unambiguous, bécause they relate tosubjects bo-_ yond the range of human observation and of ha-- ‘manesperience. There are cortain supersonsi- ous ‘notions and doctrines which command odr implicit asgent, but which eanot be explained _with the clearness with - which one can define ‘material things, and the proofs of which cannot be adequately stated in syllogisms; yet theao condemned by the !nteuectm\l leaders of France’ as gensoless and suporstitious... Hence wo find that, from Abelard to Montaigne, from Rabelais to Bayleand Voltaire, and from Voltaire toRenan; tho acatest thinkers*of that cou.ncry have been skaptics; snd'this Pyrrhonism %ias pormeatod all clasges, from the noble to tho pessant. It is - ‘s striking fact that ths French languago has no such word s spiritual ; whilo, on the otherhand, spirituel and esprit, exprass_what tho Freuch deem the highest glory of the human mind. "No.| highly civilized people of: modern times: have’ been so destitute of profound and ‘unchangeablo™ convictions as the French, and of thisthe popu-, larity of their skaphu\ tenchzm has been both | tha-effect .and the causo. The'me:h puamn for logic i well illustrated by & :compsarison: of Luther's inethod of redsonin3’ compared; With, Calyin's: , While the ‘Centon, though ho flghls the Iinmmh doctrines o the axtremity, yet panaes. moral- instincts -are - shocked, “and, be\lev—- ing -that tho’best-feasoned is not’nl the most roasonabla “doctrine, i cnnte to. be illogical . rather _ than - advocate doctrines from ‘which his whole sonl recoils,'the Frenchman bos eubmissively to the flecraes of | his logic, and accepts nnfl.mchmgly any ‘conclu- sion, however revolting, to which cal hsbit of the' French, is-the dag\mfiam “for which they 2re ‘86 notorious.” No man, wo' &ro sure,who ever arguéd with 4 Frenchman, can fait to sympathize with Prof. Masson in his sfate- ment that it is hard to look onand seo a French- ‘man generalizing to the utmost of- his national ‘manner, when it breaks lodse, without longing to knock him down:and put.him in.a strait- waistcoat.. *Thereis such a_confidence :about him, smuch & systematizing rapidity, such.an-un- hesltmng sureness aboutthings, where we Goths' are clogged and restrained by traditional consids erations,and o sensa of dxfimlliy snd complexity!. But there 18 something superb, nauriheleax, “the specalative momemu ofa French intellect.” The same qm.huu of “mind which !nve Ten- dered the French' pre-aininent 18 dogicians and rthetoricians have also made them. pre-eminent:, a8 orators,—for what 18 tru oratory but *ignited logic,” or * renson pemenfod and made red-hot by passion?! The efhah historian, > Hume, 16ug.ago scknowledged, with shame, that 4. French orator y}ad.mg for the restoration af'a ‘horse” is_more ’ eloguont’ than : the: orators of Great Britain discussing the gravest interests of the nation in . the Houses.of Parliament.. The debates-of -the French Assemblies, Parliaments, and " Biates-General,—tho: elogres of - her. acade~ ‘mies, tho discourses of har Judges, the sermons of her Massillons, her Bossuets, and her Lacor- daires,—nay, even the fiery declamations of. her Rovoluuonlry Clubg, her Mirabesus, her Dan-. tons, and “her Robospierres,—all proclaim that, in every age md on evory pint{am, er “orators bave Hen gifted " wi g:wem of rousing lnd swaying llm eruwda fln& ve bung upon their lips. .- The Norfhiwestzrn Advocate has nh:.md to lh ate tack {ack upon the editor of Tae Tamuxse, but sl main- tains a0 ominous silenco 50 far 18 the Timies !-Ie!m- cornod. .Come, Mr. Advocate, there 2 a sbining mark for you;.there fa sn editor. to attack, if you want to. hting: thera is & corpa of reporters and editorial writers who will pot treat you with dig: nified contempt ; and thero-is a business er who ‘will tako mlgnauon Totices by the aquare yard, at the m..\ sdvertiin Tt tho fghs with Sonk Tam ‘5 personal one, et the e be clearly defined ; umngxmn ice in the abstract, let there e some thst vivacity l.n'_puxkdln it in which the Tmes i3 pro- ficient.—Ths Interior, The l\orflkwulern Advocate ia an untmt‘hm paper. It belongs to tho class of Scribes that flourished in_the time of Christ; and of whom He said: Unless your righteonsness exceed the do soms lusty righteousness of the Seribes, yo shall in. nmme, #00 the Kingdom of Heayen. almost superhuman- BY MABGARET F. BUOHAN <Al thie :labor to be dome bymea mdvromm Bhodld bé™quitably divided beteén tho sexes, in order to subject-both-to the least physical gx. haystion in. its parlannmoe, -and in.order to | equalizb wages.? Noithier of these objecta can be scoomplished: unle whick it is most fitted. The proposition-will-scarcely be debated that _work under shelter f8 beat adapted to-women. Bub “as" thera s more Work to' bo-dons under shelfer - thin the,_ feminipe: Working popa: 86x dods tho work for 8 A : ) ; M—————————————————-—M i i ” i being tried a8 in ‘5 case of assault and battery,” | for a down-trodden and outraged people find so Iation can do, what kinds of sheltered work ought women, ass rule, to prefer? Classi. fled. gonarally, work .for women: .is found in ‘stoves, I aHops, in achool-hotiacs, and if dwell ing-houses: - Toward which of these should the mass of working women sggregate 7 ‘The answer must tako, into secomnt moral 6afoty, physical exhaustion, and Wages.— The housas of ‘prostitution are largely recrnit- d from the shops and the storea. Faony Hyde {s but the type of her class. In manufocturing and sn!hng eshblm.hmhnts, flocks '6f yonng gidls | are at the m«my ©of men who may be opright, o’ # . who ‘may be* scoundrels.” Until ‘the'number of “Women ekilled m‘ art hecomen greater, en- abling " them"“to “take ' the places’ of men 23 _under-superintendents - of " ‘departments, thiz evil will ‘not: be remedied. Women do not permit younger ones’of their gox toben:- posed to moral death. It was McLaughlin's mise * tress whosaved tlie two_ little girls hiddenin that monster's ‘den. A woman who bag spent i | thirty-five or forty years in the world, or whoss Power of observation'at an earlier ago is’ acute, will not merely avert the destruction of younger women, but she will avert tomptation from them, Bhe lmows thaf the theological doctrine of temptation a3 a means of greater grace, it is not expedient for young girls {n quasi-public em- ployment practically to accept, “She agrees with that early English poet who sai lnyu! abe is to blame who hath beonhlnd' o comes 400 near, who comos to T offor temptation to & yonng gul ia to b long her modesty.. of . ita blush. - So — SRS as gifls in manufocturing establishments [ cannot, becsuse of the inferlority of women ‘88 artificars, be preserved from this kind of dan- ger, it is manifest that they should seeks clas: of labor in which temptation will not o severely beset them. .In dwelling-honses they have all the advantages. of store employment, few of it disadvantages, and the very grest ldvnt|~s of .& woman a8 & mistress, - - Girls of average intelligence in stores are paid less than domestics. They are expected to cko out emough to carry them aloug by stesle ing..the balance they ought .o be paid; they must steal only a8 much as the proprie- tor expects to lose in that way, and no t eough .to lead fo ther detection. Looking 2t & pretty girl-clerk behind a dry-goods counter, attired like a fashionable young lady, one Lnown -that she cammot honestly pay her board and dress ‘herself on 85 and £8 & week. The downward career of many s Chicago oyprian began when she accepted from a false friend the balance Into the moral question, wages unt«r, also. g = i i that “was necessary for her-subsistence, nnd which she could not earn and dared not steal. As 5 dining-room girl in o private family, the girl-clerk. neod Dot dress 80 much, is given hei board as well as her wages, is hedged in by do- mestic decornm, and will have no desire {o steal. There are excoptional establishments in Chi- cago concerning which thesa statemerits are not The gitls are fairly paid,’and petty dis- tre. r honesty is not considered a necessity: But the ‘number of these establishments is very small. Physically, & Woman is far better off doing housework than any otber kind of work what~ It is a delightful combination of ths mental,: the moral, .and the physical. To bo & good cook ‘shiould gratify the ambi- intellectual of women, The most delicately accomplished fominine gradusto in chemistry may find luxu- rious toil in combining natural and sacondary properties for the production of & palafo fesst. ever. tion ' of ~'the most Then would she indeed make . " Bweet f00d of sweetly-uttered knowledga ! * She who carries off 'a prize for & dramitio and ‘metrical analysis of the Choeptori of Ear.h:lu, will not forget. whilo washing . the china, that ambrosia was feminine ; and she will recall, with & smile of classical delight, that whed Venus _quarreled with Proscrpina forthe possesgion of the besutifal child Adonis, each’ of them wanted . him for s kitchen . errand-bay, and that.when Venus, oo Iate to save hia lifo; turned -{ his blood irito flowers, she merely ‘contemplated ‘bouquets for, the Dext banguet, ‘snd eagittate Jeaves to garnish s digh. ., - Honsework is admirably manh!ad fio yxeeumx a robust woman, and: fo strengthen -one whois . weak. - An hour in the laundry is bcttsr ‘than & vial of iron. For women not obliged to Eupport _herself, housework is a duty. : What ane: of tha five thousand girl-clerks in the :stores'of: Chica- g0 wonld ‘not rather. muke 'beds, waii 6B table, and help.a cook, than" stand " behind."& pablio tion;: withont ‘physical . relief, standing until the weary lirbs aro ready to totter; standing to board nine hours & day, without mionfal occups- g menll.l cn!tnm thln.. teachers do, dwnd of ‘scatter;] bn!nud thenrmm, them “oxamizied” every, ye much they have forgotten that: they-caanot re- member. - Flousawork is the natural physical oc- cupation. of-'all womén, ' To -omen* slone it The domastic 1abor maket should be shut to men; aud a single instance of righteous monopoly bo thus supplied- to ths obgervation: of tho farmers.” -It-is-not only women's right;. but it is their-dufy, to hold exclusive pommon of the kitchen and thedio- Ing-room. Tt gives them o greatpowet. 1 should ba uonfidad. rlmmiztnunn of therkitchen hangsa world of Anmunmembla train of- a.uueuu their biue and stunted offsy jring.- A Iadle isthe mightiest sceptrs on earth. Had Josephine been & good cook, the most notorions scandal in bi+ tory might’, have’ remained untold. Deraoge roents of the nerve plexuses and of theigaogls of-the.viscera have pmdmud d.“'mua and over turned empires. - E “1tja's. fact that wonion esm betur whges in domestic service than the average waxag pu“’ -women in all other employments.. The trath this’ will be at once, understood when 1t s memberod that women in all other emplgyments have to pay, out of their weekly. stipend, fof their board and w:\ghmg. both of wlm‘.h e fur- nished in domestio service. The female clerk and the female teacher are; thewam&-pnflwmfl employes. . 1t it be admitted, then, that ‘housefvork, betis than any other form of pliymeal lsbor, is su* able for. vomen,: mentally, morally, sud in p* cuniary profit, why is it that the maas of wo ingwomen shrink away from it ot ofher e euitable and less profitable employmtmh? The anéwer lios in the narrowness aud me> ness of women's charecter, a3 it has bemn;fl' by tradition and by oducation. ke ctable” to be a domestic. .. . mmwhyulbnntnmfl.lbh? Ta not. bonett 1sbor honorable? - In what does the- "mflfi; bility” of libor consist? In?nrm in ence, or in—what? - In'what?, . & en women losra to look. st e emle 1sbor question with common gense, I Joss xouble fn honseholds and’ moro Ear:":: peace, for the servants will bo_fntelligen respected. WWhen women as & class soquire 12 o faculty of considering Isbor in ths .mnct.w dependently of all idess of sex sud casto, 0 will begin to doubt that woman nmm{b | =a'3 agraoable blunder.” .t Upnn tho ‘'bo stared at by the vile axnd tha virtnous;’ stand- 15 like & galley-alavs, fi whiom 1o stdol is fur- nished ; standing nine houry a day; for eight dol- Tars a week?: Housework.is easier.than funning sewing-machizios, o making dresses. It is easier than teaching';. and, while enfaged in itg lighter forms, & young lady may find mon | f . »\w-wmgrwmmum—mm-bnm——-‘