Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 9, 1873, Page 4

* yesterday, was about to make its nomination for | 1 3 3 i 1 4 . - THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, MAY 9, 1873. j . TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TFRMB OF SUBSCRIPTION (PAY-A!LZ IR ADVAKCE). 2.00] Sunda... b Weokly Partsof ayearat tho ”’I:Q‘:!Yfi.bc i e s 1t ] mistakes, sure An( ive OB e A aclading State aud County. ‘Remitiances may bo made eitner bydratt, BKEMI. Post , or in registered it our ris) Ofee order, o e %0 CITY SUBECHIDENS. Teiters, a Datls, deliserod, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per wesk. ¥, ), Sunday fncluded, 30 cents per week. Daly Qeiverods Sun e RIBUNI ANY, “Coracr Madison and Dearborn-ata., Chicago, 1il TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. _ MOVICKER'S THEATRE—Madlson stroet. batwcen Dowrborn_and Stato. Lucca-Kellogg ltalisn Opora Troupe. **Don Giovannl." 5 N {EATRE~Wahesh avenuo, cornor of Con- A A e & Osies: Goaic Opes Compa ny. ** Danghter of the Regiment." HOOLEY'S THEATRE-Randolph streot, between Clarkand LaSalle. **Risks.” i ke F. MUSIO — Haleted stroet, betwoen M hvoor < An Odd Trick.h » OPERA-HOUSE—Monroo street, between S eachora, The Kitty Bianchard Burlosque Combination. **Bad Dickes." ~ : PRITHEATRE—Clinton street, betwesn Randolph AT ek, th Prestidiciatens. QIRCUS AND MENAGERTE-Btate. and Twenty.soc- ond stroots. BUSINESS NOTICES. VERNMENT ARTIFICIAL LIMB MANUFAC- 1o VER N . SARDNER, - corner Slxtecatb.at and Wabas av., is the only one 1 Chicago authortzed U, he Goverament, 10 farnish soldiers ariifcial limbs an apparatos, The Chicage Tiibune. Fridsy Morning, May 9, 1873. Tho American Modical Association, meeting st St. Louis, ask the General Governmont to estab- | lish a Blodical Sanitery Bureau. —— : Btokes will bo re-sentonced by the New York Supreme Court on Mondsy next, s proceeding which will give him'an opportanity of going to the Court of Appeals. - — A motion for tlie establishment of reciprocal trade with the Sandwich Isiands has been rnade | in the Capadian Parlismont, in the hope that by somo such legislation tho growing commoree of the United States in that quarter may be sub- verted. § Citizens of Aurors, in this State, have resisted the payment of taxes for bonds issued by the town to the Ottaws, Owego & Fox River Valley Railroad. This, on the ground among others, that the law sathorizing the igsue of . the bonds is not constittionsl. An ‘injuniction hes been granted to prevent the collection of the taxes, and the case will be carricd to tho Supreme Court for final decielon. Whon the Farmers’ Convention at Contralis, Judgo of the Twenty-third Judicial Circait, can< didates were informed that they were to be sub* jected to a preliminary examination. Upon this announcement, Messts. Watts and Stoker, of the candidates, witlidrow, on the ground that they wonld answer no guestions upon matters to como before them for judicial decision. Mr. J. Porry Johason, of Randolph, was then nomi- natod, 2 5 ‘Tnspector Harper, in a, Ietter -published in our commercial colump, denies that the Grain In- spection Department of this city is discriminat- ing against grain ghipped by tho Mlinois & Mich- igan Canal to Chicago. The law compels him to grade oll grain in accordance with the lowest quality found in the ot ; and he eays that, when- over a boat-load of canal corn has been graded rejected, it hus been 50 graded because of the prasence of damp and dirty corn. When con- signees of corn have expressed any dissatisfac- tion with the firet inspection, he. has it repeated carefally. y Canads gave us ‘the opizootic, and Fe have given Caneda the Credit Mobilier. - Canadian - newspapers e publishing heated editorial arti- cles about the Canada Pacific Railway Investi- gating Committes which might have been copied almost ward for word from American newspapers of a few months ago. The Toronto " @lole talks fiorcely of “The National Scandal,” and says thas the attempt to kecp the proceedings of the Committee secret is proof not only that the Government is guilty, but” that it lmows it can e ehown to be so. P Comptroller Green, of New York, is in the awkward position of having to provide for the'| expenses of th costliest city government in the conntry out of anempty Treasury. The Courts havo declared the tax-levy of last year, for the purpose of supplying the deficiency. in the Treagury, to be unconstitationsl. This deprives the Comptroller of §7,000,000 of revenue. He 188 no means for getting any more ; and will be compelled to submit, as ho has done Before, to the roproaches of unpaid workmen, contractors, and officials, who sbower on him the maledictions that should fall on Tweod, Connolly, Hall, and Bweeny, Gor. Kellogg's opponents have taken to shoot- 0g athim, ond his friends offer no other con- solation than sdvice that he pack his carpet- bog and leave the State. When, after the at~ tompt onhis life, day boforo yesterday, he fled in helpless terror toan acquaintance and former supporter, he was told that his violation of overy pledge ho had given had alienated the' re- gard of overy white man in the Btate; even the negroes. had ccased to trust him. Otber at- tempts, some of thom likely to be more success- 1a), were suro to bo mado tokill him, and his only hope of escapé lay in a onco ‘abandoning tho hopeless attempt to govern a peoplo that hatod him. ! We are informed that the action of the South Park Commitsioners euspending the ordinance which prohibits fast driving on the Grand Boule- ~vard, on Wednesday, between the hours of 5 and 7p.m., is intonded to apply to every Wednes- day during the season, and' was not especially designed to give President Grant sn oppor- tuaity to sttend & trotting-match. The or- dor, as printed, spplied to only onedasy. Itis gratifying to know that the city is spared such an exhubition of toadyiem #s would be implied by o suepension of the ordinance .for the pur- PORO Of gratifying the President’s penchant for ‘horse-racing. - The impropriety of bis absenting himsolf fdr weoks from his public daties, while affairs of the gravest moment aro transpiring, and ata time,too,when he and & greody Congress have doabled their galaries, remains all ¢ Jobn Btuart Al is prostrated by serious- ll- ness &t Avignon, a resort for invalids on the coast of France, Mr. Mill is.now._ in his 67th, year, and is full of honors, -but' it is tobe hoped he may yet live many-years to enjoy and increase the scholarly reputa- tion he has won. From his earliest youth bo has beon s incessant worker. * He had the'l sdvantago of studsing under the direction of his father, the most distinguished of the English Utilitarian philosophers after Bentham. His studies ware severe and wide, 20d even his vaca- tions' and - holidsys wero used only to diversi- fy Lis rosearches; . Compelled to support bimself, he ‘has filed &' rosponsible position in' the Government service while en- gugodili economical and metaphysioal researches, which of themselves would bave been an ex- traordinary life-work. But evensuch exhaustive Iiterary Iabor is, in many cases, accompanied by great longevity, and Mr. Mill we hopo will not be | an_exception. = The Chicago produce markets wers loss active yesterday. Meas pork was dull, and 100 por brl lower, “at 817.10@17.15 cash, and $17.30@17.35 seller June. Lard was inactive and unchanged, at 83¢c cash, and 9 seller June. Meats wore inactive and dull, at 69¢c for shouiders, 83o for short xibs, 96 for short clear, and 10@113ge for sweet pickled hams. Lake freights were dull, and 1o lower, at T30’ for corn to Buffalo. High- wities Were in'good demand, snd 3o higher, | closing st 890 bid per gallon. Flour was more active at previous prices. Wheat was less active, and.steady, olosing at S1.27@1.273 cash, and $1.28)¢ seller Juno, Corn wWas lose active, snd unchanged, . closing at 88 @39 cash, and 403c scller Juno. Oats. were 2{@340 lowor, at 81c seller the month, and 8334e geller June. Rye was more active, and 3¢ high~ er, at 693%@70c. Barloy was in fair demand, and 1¢@1o higher, at 76@83% for No. 2. Hogs were active ‘and firmer, with ssles at $490@5.40. Cattlg were. dull and unchanged.. Bheep were inactive: " THE WAR IN LOUISIANA. The reports from Louisiana during the last two ox’ three days indicate s condition of civil ‘war, the extent or limit of which cannot now be foretold. The Administration journals speak of he uprisings of. the people in sevoral parishes of the State as “ the now Rebellion.” To prop- exly appreciate the justice of this appellation, it will be wall to recsll tho leading incidents in the ‘politicsl controversy which has-led to the pres- ent situation in Louisians. In tho last clection in Louisisna there were £wo candidates for Governor, Kellogg running on the Administration ticket, and McEnery on the Fuslon Opposition ticket. According to the law of Louisians, . the . election returns muit be counted by & Returning Board of five mem- bers. ‘There were two vacancies in this Board as constitnted,—one on.account of candidature for® offico, which was a disqualification, and onoby a ‘removal from the office of Acting-Secrotary of State, by virtue of which office Mr. Herron held his place on tho Returning Doard. Horron, after hisving been removed as Acting-Secretary of Btate, organized anindependent Returning Board, _which declared Mr. Kellogg “electod, although no legitimate election-returns came before this Board. Tho rogular Board declared Mr. Mc- Enery, elected, after having canvassed the Teturns. Both factions procecded to organize & government. Thereupon the Kellogites applied to the United States Court for an injunction against the McEnery party, which- Judge Durell granted; in deflance of the Constitution, the law, and all precedents.. Upon informal application to.the President, Gen. Grant gavo. orders that Judge Durell should be susteined, and Gen. Emory, in command of the United States troops ‘at New Orlesns, wis ‘commanded to use ‘Lis forces 'to enforce the injumo- tion. Thus provided with & show of suthority &nd the power of bsyonats at tho back of it, the Kelloggites secprad the possossion of tho State- House, tha Logislature was organized, and one of its first messures was to reorganizo the Su- préme’ Court of the State with material favor- ‘sble to the Kollogg faction. It wasonlyafter this had Lén done that the Kellogg faction went into a Btate court, according to law, and thoy were thers gustained. In other words, the Kol- Iogg;faction first organized outside of and con-, trary to law, and then, in this lawless condition, created a conrt 0 sustain what it had dono. “ All thié is & barc summary of. what came up in evidenoe before tha Investigating Committeo of the United States Senate. That Committee, after cirefully axd laborionsly going-over the whole ground, in which they. collected the most disgracefal exhibit of frauds, condomned the conduet of Judge Durell as infamous, and ro- ported ‘in fayor of sending & United States Judge into Louisiana 25 a Commission- er to organize & mew election. The In- vestigating Committes consisted of Repub- licans, snd deveral of ‘its members were the most active supporters of Gen. Grant's Ad- ‘ministration. " There was no difterence between tho majority and minority reports of the Com- mitteo in regard to tho fraudulent character of the Kellogg Government, and the usarpation of power which placed it in the ascendant; bu, in tho subsequont beated debates of the Benato in ‘which'the pirty lash was éxercised unsparingly, there was & split on. the - question whether or mnot the Kellogg ~Government should hold over until- the ‘new election had takon place, and ‘the Senate adjourned, loaving the ‘whole maitér in the hands of the President to pursue the wrong-headed course whichhe had inaugurated, and to which he formally announced Lis intontion of adher- ing.! The ground-which the Administration now. aseumed was, that”the Kollogg' Government ‘must be sustained becatse it bad heon declared . legitimato by the Supremo Court of Louisiana, and;not becsuse of tho interference of the United Btates Court, which® the Senate had con- dumlnad 50 unqualifiedly. In other words, the indorsement and approval of & creature of the Eellogg Legislature, brought into existence'at a. time when the Kéllogg Legislature was & lawleas mob, became the excuso for persisting {n a mis- taken policy which Gon. Grant hastily and rashly adopted. o 2 Dauring the Benate discussion of Louisiana af- fairs, the pooplo of Louisiana gave in a passivo acknowledgment of the. Kellogg Government, hoping and believing that an election which a Senate Committeo of Republicans had found'to bo fraudulent would be sot aside. When the Beonté adjourned and left the President to carry out his policy, Kellogg became encouraged to conduct the affairs'of the State with a high hand, Ho insisted that the McEnery Legislatare, which | had bobn gruilty of no overt act against his de facto Government, should bo disperacd at the point of the ‘bayonet; he brought charges of treason against Mr. McEnery with the purpose of prose- cuting him to_the foll punishment dnder the law; and, with these ‘and similar proceddings_ calculated to aronso the indignation of_ & people suffering under a consciousnoss of having been defrauded out of the Government they had chosen, he goaded thom on to resistance, which has' broken out spasmodically in various places. - The Kellogg Legiclature passed % law authorizing the summary seizuro and' sale ‘of property for taxes, without proportions. any intormodinte process of law,and for tho purpose of collecting a tax lovy of oxtortionate The Eecllogg Government then proposed that the local offices throughout the State should likewica be committed to tho hands of the Kellogg partisans, regardless of the re- sult of local elections. Hence the resistance re- ported from -various parishes in the Btate. Henco the aspect of war, and the organization of tho Metropolitan Police force of Now Orleans to do service as a State army to put down the in- surrections throughout the State. Every fair-minded man who shall go over the history of the Lonislana troubles will find it dif- ficalt toregard the outbreaks in that State in the light of * & new Rebellion” against the Unitéd Btates Government. Gen. Grant is per- sonally responsible for the ombarrassing-posi- tion which tho United States Governmont holds, by having sustained the unlawful and infamous conduct of the United States Judge who oxceed- ed his powers, It is for Gen. Grant to work tho Government out of the dilemma in which ho has placed it. There are only two ways in which he can procecd—either to racede from tho false position which ho assumed in the first place, or to exercise the .authority he possesses to put down an insurrection, after tho recognized Government of Louisiana shall have appliod for assistance. Tho latter course would be to sustain an‘errorof the Administration, and gn injury against Louisians, and could only be justified on the broad principle of govern- oent ususlly expressed in the aphorism, *Tho King can do no wrong.” In putting down tho Lonisiana insurrections, Gen. Grant will prob- ably be forced to call out volunteers. Tho United States troops located in the South would not bo -ablo to successfully combat putbreaks that are distributed throughout the Btate, and no troops could be called from the Indian frontier at this time with safety. Whether Gen. Grant will allow Mr. Kollogg and his bogus Government to straggle alono with the popular uprisings sgainst his usurpa- tion, or whdthor he will mako a call for volun- ‘tders to put down a rebellion against what & Ropublican Committes of the United Statfs has declared an unlawful State Government, i o matter which he will probably decide at his good leisuro. THF LATE CHIEF JUSTICE. * Lincoln, Seward, Fossondon, Collamer, Stan- ton, Grimes, Bates, and now Chase—conspicu- ous in the public councils during the most event-~ fal period of our history—have passed away. Among them all there is none, oxcept Mr. Lin- coln, whom the country will remember longer or more gratefally than the late Chiof Justice. The fitting succossor of Hamilton in the Trossury, and of Jay and Marshall on the Bench, he stood among us as a statesman of the trest type, asa citizen of tho highest integrity, 2nd a man of the broadest and most helpful bumanity. Thio lato Chief Justico sought tho truth for its own sake, and, believing that truth wrs on the side of the slave, he made tho causo of tho slave his own. Alr. Chase wasnever an Abolitionist of ‘the type of Garrison and Phillips. Ilore- spectod tho Iaw as he consciontiously interprated it, and'ho domanded for tho slave escaping to s State whero slavory was not recognized the rights to which he waa entitled under the law. His prompt and vigorous refusal, at the Duffalo Oonvention, to vota that the clanses of the Con- stitution respecting tho rendition of fugitive glaves were null and void, and not to boobeyed, marked the distinction between the man gov- orned by law and tho one controlled by fecling. Ho judged of the lawas it was, andnot as ho would like to havoit; and he addressed him- gelf to the cultivation of that public sentiment whichwouldchangetholaw rathor than violateit. Bylhis oxertions more than snything clse, the Domocratic party of Ohio was made for tho time Deing essentially an anti-slavery party, and, at the meeting of tho Legislsture in 1819, ho was clectod t6 tho Senate by the unanimoudote of the Democrats with a few Freo-Soil Whige. He entored that body when tha country was excited over the question 8f slavery in the territory acquired from Mexico, and when thoslavehold- ing States wero represented by their ablest mon. It was attempted by tho Southorn Senators to treat all anti-slavery Sonators with contempt; 8, year bofore, even Mr. Calhoun Lad declared that, except in tho way of official recognition, he would liave mo’intercourse with sny such Senator. Mr. Clay's compromiso moasures were before the Benato during that long ses- sion, extending from Decoraber to Boptember, and throughont that seasion Mr. Chaso took oo active part in the proceedings. Ho wass man'of unusual dignity. Never cxtravagant in languege, never indulging in pereonalities or indecorum, he'overcame tho relentless hostility of the Scgthern slaveholders by the fairmess und frankness of his manner, by his unques- tloned ability, and by the impressivenees of his arguments. * They learned to respect tho man who was never craven, and who ever maintained his dignity, Fouar years later, ho passed throngh sliko struggle on the Kansas-Nebrasko bill, and from these conflicts came forth regognized by all parties as onp of tho foromost statesmen of the country. Hithertoho had boon acting with o comparatively small following. The Eansss-Nebraska nct, which was® designed to crush out snti-slavery agitation, had the | contrary offcct.. It carriod the Whig party to tho dust, and produced that other party which 1n 1860 olocted Mr. Lincoln to tho Presidoncs. The offorts of Mr. Chase in tho cause of human liberty were far more ef- feotuni than thoso of the Abolitionists gonerally, Tlo addressed himself to the intelligorico of tho counitry, maintained the necessity of conforming allliwg to tho Constitution, opposed violence, and prosonted the causo of justico in its strong- est light ; and, when the Republican party was organized, it adopted substantially the doctrines that Mr. Chase had prosented in his argument bofore the courts twenty-fivo years beforo. M. Lincoln was fortunate in the sclection of Mr. Chase for Secretaryof the Treasury. To that offico ho brought the henofit of longstudy of political economy and strong convictions upon all questions of fiscal policy. Tho 1ssue of & paporcurrency was & necessity; the issue of bonds was o necessity ; but the making of greonbacks a legal tender was o measuro opposed tohis judgment and to his convictions of sound policy,” and he assented to it with relnctanca. Mr. Chase, however, will be remembered as Sec- retary of tho Trensury chiefly through the Na- tional Banking System. Itwas the grand suc- .cess of his administration. = It replaced the State banks, and their gonaral irresponsibility, with an uniform system, in which & security previously unknown ¥as given to all holders and deposit-- ors, oqual value imparted to all circulating notes, and ample protection afforded ngainst countar- feiting. Atthe same time, agentawere secured for financial aid in the necessitics of the Government, and our banking system placod upon & responsi- ble and pormanent footing. To Mr. Chase the national gratitude is due for substituting this grand financial cstablishment in place of the heterogeneous and cheating system which pre- ceded it. N Mr. Chase, however, found the. fitting crown to his public life in the office of Chief Justice. Here ho was peculiarly st home. A learned and sble lawyer, with a mind always.alive'to the claims of justice, with a judgmentfres from par- tisan biss, and personally familiar with tho leg- islation he was called upon-to ‘expound, he held a higher place in the confidenco and respect of the people than ho would probably have enjoyod bad he been clected to the Presidemcy. Itis true he would have adorned tho Presidential offico, and given to it a higher dignity than it {pow posscases; “but the office itself cbuld hava added pothing to the esteern and confidence which the country universally conceded to him 88 Benator, Becretary, and Chief Justice of the American Republic. Inhis high office he was every inch a Judge. He wes infloxiblein his de- votion to Right. Witk clear mind, honest con- victions, and clean hands, ho began the race of life. , To the presorvation of these he owed his great succoss. The history of Salmon P. Chase teaches that true greatness is not an accident, nor a purchasablo commodity. It teaches that industry, perseverance, devotion to principle, and unswerving integrity shall not bo without thelr roward, even in this world, where the op- posite qualities too often command an apparent success. —— - TRANSPORTATION AND THE TARIFF. Roaders of Trx Tarsuxe will recall a series of articles which have been prosented from time to time in these columns, directing the nttontion of tho farmers in prticalar to tho important part which'the protoctive tariff playain the transpor- tation question. Theso articles havo taken ap the soparate materials which enter into tho con- structioni and stock of railroads and are “pro- tected” by an average duty of 50 per cent, and the purposc has been to bring to proctical view the manifold eubsidics which the farmers = aro thus forced to pay under the'item of transportation. Inan article published in the last number of tho- Nation, which calls upon the farmers to concentrate their offorts in some solid, consistent, and tangi- blo shape, tho broad ground is taken that the tarif? lies at tho bottom of the wholp quostion, and that all side issues are either evasions of the question or calenlated to remove tho disesse by Atrained and. nnnatursl remedies, leaving tho sceds to bring it forth again inspme new form. The Nation condenses its statement of the trans-' portation problem as follows: . In other words, the question of trsnsportation is part and parcel of tho tariff question, and caunot bo Qealt with spart from it. Transportation is made desr by tho dearness of supplies ; that is o say, thorail- roads are taxed cnormously, and, through the, Tall- roads, the farmers, for the benofit of special indus- tries, Tlere can bono cheap transporiation without cheap {ron, cliesp cars, .chesp stations ; and, what is ‘more, thero czn bo no markets for American produce abrosd 6o long as {ho sale of all forslgn commoditics, except gold, 1 madoas difficult s high duties and vexatious custom-house rogulstions can mako i, Ag- ricultural produce at the West ia mow a glnt;.it ‘must become more and more of a glut, if either mora sailroads axo opened or tho cost of transportation on the present rosds is diminished, 88 long 18 Dew mar- Xots are not provided, or, in other words, ss langas ‘access £o tho crowded regions of the Old World is ar- tificially impeded. Of course thoro msy come s time when there will bo populstion enough in tho West to et up oll its corn and pork; but at the presnt rate of agricultural -and railroad “devel- opment, this will .not be witnessed by either the present generation or the mext, and tho cry of the “ Grangea® ought to bo for a clesring of the outlets to the 014 World in all ays., To“fecure this, it fa not enough to cheapen transporiation ; we have to offer » market to the forefgner for his commodities in order to get him to tako ours, Thero is no doubt that the question must ul- timately resolve itself into this condition. Tho Jongar it ia deforred, the more scrious will bethe evils and the more difficult will be the remedy. Yet thoro is & dieposition to evado the consider- ation of the tariff as tho primitive cause, and to sacure a care-all through logislative ensctments and judicial ropresentatives, In the effort to bring this important phaso of the transportation question to the direct atten- tion of the farmers, the Nation incidentally points out the consequences of ‘that gon- eral policy which proposes to “reg- ulate” railroads by Btato sothority.. The ‘poople do not stop to consider the enormity of the contract which they desire the Btato to nn- dertake.” If wo concede the right and power of the people to do just what they please, wo must look to such a reduction of ratos a8 will ‘satisfy the ‘majority of the community. If suchaTe- duction under tho maintenance of the tarilf rendors it impossible to mske & profit on run- ning railroads, wo must also look to the with- drawal of private, capital from railroad cntor- prises. Copital will naturally and inevitsbly be diverted into the channels where it can eamn tho current rate of interost. This divorsion of capital will st the eamo timo divert the brains snd experience which it com- mands, snd which, of lato years, bave been engagéd more generally in railroad. mansgement than in aby other business of the country. A change of this kind will_bring sbout w0 un- favorablo circumstances against which tho people will have, to "combat: 1. An sbandonment of railroad extension throughout tho country, snd & necessary limit of facilities for transportation, while the domand will constantly increase. 2- Tt will devolve upon the Btato not merely to regulate railroad charges, but to manage and run the roads. It is not probable that thinking mon will 100k forward to oither of thesé Tesults with confidence or sstisfaction. It is only necessary to institute the comparison which the Nation suggests, between' the capability of tho men who are noi cogaged in managing rail- roads and that of the “men who -aro engeged in tho public scrvico, to understand how ‘much more recklessly, oxpensively, and, dangorously the railroads wonld be managed when they shonld become a part of the public service. 1t is eafo to nssume that, the power once con- ceded, Stata Legislatures or State Commission- ers would fix railroad rates according to the no-. cessitios &1 the people, without. sny regard to the tariff or the enforced and unnecessary out~ 1ays by railroaa corporations which it involves. Such & course would lead ‘td” tho results that have boen described. Under tho Common Law, roquiring Common Carriers to ro< strict their charges to rates that are ressonablo, their enforcéd payment of $1.50 for what they could buy for 81 if there were no protective tar- ift 'would bo credited to their side of the case. It would be beld that tho railroads may not be ‘made to bear tho burden of & system prescribed “by the Government. Theiden of legislative con- trol of rates inists that they should besr this burden exclusively. It has been intimated at ‘many of the farmers’ meetings that therailroads are largely interested with thé manufacturers who are benefited by the tariff, and that their, causeis common. Verylikely, But this only shows that the peopla will strike at two monopo- lies which make common cause against the pub- lic intercats, when they puncturo tho protection fallacy. The difference is, that in reaching’the railroad abuses through the Legislatures instead of the courts, thoy adopt & course that ia unau- thorized by Iaw and justice, while, in the rever- sion of the. tariff, they would take alawful and reasonablo method for removing the cover under which the railroads build up their excessive charges, and thus prepare the way to enforce them to adopt reasonable charges under the law. THE LATEST CREDIT-MOBILIER, . None of the Representatives or Senators from Vermont in Congress appeared on the pages of Oskos: Ames’ memorandum . bool aa partici- pants in the great Orodit Mobitfer swindle.- But Vermont, it appears, has bad s caso of its own of no inconsiderable magnitude. It appears that the Vermont Contral Railrosd Company. started out some years ago, under the govern- mont of Gov. Bmith, with a ‘debt of 94,848, 000, and now owes'$13,953,000. Al the persons connected with the road bavebecoms immonsely rich. The Legitlature bas from time to time pessed all the scts that thé managers needed. A year sgo, somecbody made public some vouchers of the Company, showing the pay- ments of large sums of money to members of the Legialature. An investigation was forced, ond is mow going on. The evidence taken develops that there isa corporation known as the National Dispatch Company, which carries through freight from the West. This Comprny 1ad 5,000 shares of $100,.0n which £50 hed been- paid. : Tho stock was held by the officers of the Vermont Central Company. This Company divides 13 per cent dividends on the whole etook, or 24 per cent.cn the money actually invested. Another corporation, was the Yormont Iron and -Car Company, which has a capital of $1,000,000, of which'$500,000 was paid up. The stock was hold. by the oficers of the Vermont Central. The cars were built at the ehops of ihe Vermont Central Railrosd Company for cost. The cars thus built earned eqough each year to poy their entire_cost and 10 per centin sddition. The Verrhont Central Company hired these cars to do its bosiness. It has also appeared that tho Rail~ road Company hsd large fund on band, seques- tered from the earnings of the road, which fand was, called tho Secrot BServiee Fund. AMr J. D. Hatch, who had tho disbursement of this' fund, testificd that he paid to & large number of persons named, mem- bers of ‘the Vermont Legislature, leading Republicans, » Judge of the State Supreme Court, and others, sums of monoy duly record- o in his yonchers. The object sought by these payments was precisely that -sought by Oskes Amos—the provention of adverse logislation. Tho reqult of all this is, that Vermont is in o high state of excitemont. Tho Vormont Central Com- pany has added many millions to its dobt, while through the Dispatch snd Car Companies tho managers have been reaping immense fortunes. Considering tho sizo of tho Btato, the Vermont - Credit Mobilier is a greater fraud than that of Oakes Ames. The Springficld (Massathusetts) Republican gives the crodit of the exposuro to the former Becretary of Gov. Smith, Mr. Eugene Perkins, who, it enys, is now Troasurerof Pull- ‘man's Palaco Car Company, Chicago. He is said to have made & full statement of tho whole cor- ruption expenditure. . - Y AMENDING THE CONSIITUTION. The action of the Senate of tho Ohio Legis- Iature in ratifying an amendment to tho Consti- tution, submitted by Congress in 1789, when thera wero but cleven Statesin the Union, bas led to » discussion of the question as to whether an amendment onco submitted by Congress is to bo considered as always pending thereafter antil itisadoptod. Thoro isnosuch thing asa rojection of an amendment. It msy not bo ratified, but it lives forover, and no statute of limitation over ‘begins to run egainst it. ‘Thero has been no time since the original ratification of the Conati- tution that an amendment of it has not been songht by somo portions of the country. Many of the States sccompaniod their acts of ratifica- tion of the Constitution by urgent requests for the submission of varioua amendments. .Tho First Congress, therefore, in 1789, submitted no less: than twelve amondments to tho Constitu- tion. Tem of theso wore adopted, snd are now parts of tho Constitution. In 1794, Congress submitted . another amend- ment, which was ratified in 1793, and is koown ns the Eleventh Amendment.. Tho Trelfth Amendment was submitted in 1803, and was ratified in 1803 'There was no other amend- ment eubmitted by -Congress - until March} 1801, The Thirteenth Amendment was submit~ ted in 1865, tlie Fourteenth in 1866, and the Fiftoenth in 1869, and were all ratified. Thors are, thorefore, at . this time, threo. amendments which have pever beon' ratified, and are now pending and submitted to the Legislatures for their spproval. These smendments are, in the order of their submission, as follows : . i First—After the first enumeration required by the first articlo of the Constitution, there shall be ane Rep- resentativo for overy 30,000 -until the number shall amount to 100, after which the propartion ehall be €0 rogulated by Congress that thoro shall not be less than 100 Representatives, nor less than one Representative Tor overy 40,000 persons, until tho number of Repro- sentatives shall amonnt to 200, after which tho propor- tlon shall be 6o regulated by Congroas that there sball Dot bolees than 200 Representatives, nor more than omo Representative for every 60,000 persons. (1769.) Second—No Isw -varying the compensation for the gervicea of the - Senators. and Repreacntatives hall tako effect until an election of Representatives shall bave intervencd.. (1780.) £ - Third—No amendment shall be made to the Con~ stitution which will authorizs or givo to Congressthe power to abolish or interfero witbin any State with the domestio institutions thereof, inclnding that of pordons held to labor oF sexvice by the laws of mald State. (Submitted {n 1661.) . Thig last amendment was ratified by a number of States, including Ilinois, but not by & suffi- cient fiumber to adopt it. : In tho interval from 1789 to 1861, besides the smendments ‘adopted in 1798 and 1804, there have been repeated movemonts to have the Con- gtitution amendod. These have been pressed upon Congress by conventions; Stato Legis- latures, and other bodies. Conspicuous among theso were the -series proposed by the Hartford Conveution in 1814-"15, which, a8 historical curi- osities, we reproduce, as follows : Pirst—Representatives and direct taxes shall be ap- ‘portioned among tho several States which may be in- cluded within this Union, according to their respective numbers of fre persons, including thoss bound to serve for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed and all other persons, g Second—No new Stato ehall be admitted into the ‘Union by Congress, in virtue of tho power granted by the Constitution, without the concurrence of two- thirds of both Houses, 2 Third—Congress shall not have power to lay any embargo on thips or vessels of the citizens of ‘the United States, in the ports and harbors thereof for more than sixty days, Fourth~Congress shall not hsve power, without the concurrence of two-thirds of both Houses, to interdict the commercial intercourse between'the Unifed States and any foreign nation or the dependencics thereof, Fifth—Congresa shall not make or declare war, or suthorize acts of hostlity against any forcign nation “without the concurrence of two-thirds of both Houses, axoept such acts of hostility bo in dafense of the Ter ritories of the United States when actually invaded. Sizth—No person who shall hereatter be naturalized ahall bo eligitle as member of the Sanate or Houss of Representatives of the Unifed States, nor capable of holding any civil ofice under ths authority of the United Elates, 8 5 Beventh—The same person shall not be elected Presi- dent of the United States » second time, sior shall the. Preafdent bs elected from the same State two terms in succession, G : g -Bome time after the War of 181215, the Tog- islature of Pennsylvania recommended to Con- gress to submit an amendment probibiting the incorporation by .Congrees of any” corporation with banking powers, unlesa its offices and oper- ations were conflned to the District of Columbla. . Yermont, about the same time, urged Congress to submit an amendment providing for the elec- tion of members of Congrees and Presidential Electors by districts., : Kentucky, about 1819, -revived the amendment of 1789 relating to the compensation ‘of mem- bers of Congreas, and naked Congress to submit it in the following form: That no law varying thecompensation of themer- bers of the Congress of the United Gtates aball take effect until the timo for which the members of the publican party in West Virginis, goes farther, and says : As popular sentiment shoia itsel, 1 th 3 s bah propreas. 0f vesia 1t Wil bofornd Toepor lisve, that the, most_sweeping . condemnation of the alasy-grab, anid of Gverybody from highest tolovest * ogToe responsible for it, from Preaid il b4 dotanded as the pisttorsa or the timen: """ Tho Congressmen Who-are on the outlook for this ‘““storm to blow over” msy as well begintg passin theirchecks. - + -~ - - L —Time was that the name of Charles Bldridge was as honored as it wis potential smong Wisconsin Democrats. The Milwaukee Bentinel (Bepublican) now bears witness that— The Democratio cauldron is getting go hot for Charley Eldridge, that the casa begins to excite tha sympathies. of all generous-mindod porsona, The Democratic papers of the State are going for_ him with sharp sticks, while tho prominent men. af his - party 0 look upon him 25 » used-up and played-ont Mir. Eldridge voted for the salary-grab and pocketed higshare. =~ T 7T 7 —The Rookford Register (Republican) insista’ that Winnebago County must not accept its di idend of 8836 from Gen. Farnsworth, and says : 1f the Bupervisors do not refuss this moncy, they thereby indorse the atealing of it from the Govern- ‘ment. " Buch an indorsement involves tho responsi- ‘bility which it i3 not wise to assume in the faca of tho universal pablic condemnation of this back-pay fraud, The communications we have received from various ‘Housa of Represéntatives of that Gongress, by which tho law was passod, shall have expired. Acoording to the ‘custom of these days,oach Btate communicated ita sction on National mat- ters toall the other States, and the Legislature of Illinois, iri 1821, passed resolutions indorsing the propositions made by Vermont and Pennsyl- vania, but protesting against that made by Ken- tucky. Thero ware also, from timo to timo, vari- ons ‘propositions made in Congress to submit amondments. The majority of these related to tho election of President.and Vice-President. *In 1861, theao propositions were numerous, all of them being expedients to prevent a war, and none of ther, save the one we have quoted, re- ceived . the roquisite two-thirds vote in either House of Congress. . BECRETARY RICHARDEON’'S CIVIL-SERVICE BEFORM, 1t fs snnounced through an Administration Journal that Secrotary Richardson has an idea of his own about reforming the Civil Service. Ttis inferred that Becretary Richardson haa con- cluded that the resignation of the original Civil- Sarvico Commissionars means an abandonment of the principles which these gentlemen advo- cated, and the rulea which thoy prescribod. As Mr. Richardson's plan is stated, however, wo should say that ‘it meant simply o resumption of - the ' old. system, if that can be resnmed which has never been sbandomed. Mr. Richardson proposes that competitive exeminations shall be discon- tinued, that the Goyernment clerkships shall be equally distribated among the several States, that the Senators and Ropresentatives shall have their quota of appointments, and that theso gentlomen ghall bo hold “strictly responsible” for the character, capability, and conduct of the clerks whom they sppoint. This is precisely | the old system of appointments, with the infu- _sion of the idea which proposes to hold Scnators citizans show pretty clearly what the public sentiment in this county is about it. —The vote of Indianapolis, May 8, for Mayor, compares with the Presidential vote, last Novem- ‘ber, a8 follows: President. Rop.mafeceeereses 1,786 Dem. mafi.eeeew. 378 The Indianapolis Journal says: 1t is not worth while now to enter of the causea that operated to produce this reanlt, - —The Winona Republican calls over the roll of gentlemen who aspire to places on the Republi- can ticket in Minnesots, this year, and reads them this warning: g [ The temper of the e Pl s ey it o candidates are justly looked upon with Suspicion; asd Lo preel o el ator will be franght with peril. e ~Tho Connecticut Legislature met at Harte ford; Wednesday, and the Hon. Charles R. In- gersoll, of Now Haven, was inaugurated Gover- nor with tho usual pomp and circumstance. In ‘his addrées, Gov. Ingersoll recormmends the call - of & Constitutional Convention, but whather ta the extent of adopting the revolutionary ides ia not gtated. The call of a convention has annu~ ally, for twenty years, received majorities in the Legislature, without over being seconded by a two-thirds vote. . The urgent popular demand to make an end of the rotten boronghs, this year, ‘as suggested s short-cut, or revolutionary, pros cess of going at onco to the people on & majority vote of the Legislature, and that tlie whole busi- ness of constitutional reform bo dope befors another election.. —The 8t. Louis Globe (Republican), recalling the fact that, in 1861, war was precipitated upon this' country while yet political leaders’ were studying now compromises, says - Dut if events 5o extraok vainly adinonish us dinary of their approsch, what wonder that, in the ordinary course of political affairs, we xgnen:: a3 unworthy of . our aitention to-dsy, what umexpsctedly engross Tt tomorrowd 1 e Besawhile, b Granged and Patrons of Husbandry, in wonderment at stupidity of political lead: staro tham in the face, And rallzoed monopotica crack the whip of arrogant power about thele ears, How long wilthey remaln lind to the ono and pliant 1o the other ? In poiitics, = - a8 in religion, 0 man can serve two 3 mor can any party, not even the Ropublican For half ‘% century lovers of equal _justl among men havo been' abeorbed in life-and -death- and Reprosentatives responsible for their can- didatos. This foature is novel and pecullar. In the first placs, it involvesthe ides that the Presi- dent shall appoint whomisoever a Congressman shall nominate, which virtuslly places the ap- pointing and. confirming power in the eams body, and deprives tho President of his pres- ent constitutional authority to appoint. This much, however, has been tho practice hereto- fore, but Becretary Richardson should explain how tho Congresemen aro to be held “strictly responsible” for thoir candidates. Bosponsi- billty .includes the notion of some punishment for a failure in duty. Hoiw aro tho Congressmen | to bo punished for the failare of their momii- noes? What dito retribution- to overtake the Senator from Nebraska or the Representa- tive from Oregon-if ome of the clerks of his appointment in the Treasury Department turns out to be an ignoramue, a drunkerd, or an incompetent of any description? : E 01 course, Secretary Richardson if apposed to the Civil-Service Rules. . Mr. Curtis has atated that'the Administration generally has no sym- pathy with them. Mr. Richardson's objections to compotitive examination are: That they do not test tho character of applicants; that the cramming process frequently defeats genuine ‘scholarship and qualifications; and that it gives | tho great bulk of Government clerkships to those who reside at or near Washington, ag those living at & distance cannot afford to bear the expensos of a trip to Washiogton at the risk of not passing the examination.” Theee ob- Joetions aro not new, snd it is neodless to discuss them seriatim under the presont Adminisira- tion. There is. ono general answer toall of them: Tho Civil-Servico Rules have never been fairly tried in any particular, and they cannot, therefore, be justly or roasonsbly condomned. In the meantime, it is likely that Secretary Rich- ardson’s “plan™ will botrictly followed, leav™ ing out his notion of responsibi Moncure D. Couway, in his last letter to fho Cincinnati Commercial, sets 8t rest the roport that Spurgeon, the famous Baptist ‘preacher, is coming to this country- to' lecturo. Mr. Spur- geon recaived an offer of $25,000 for twenty-fivo lectures, but positively declined the offer, upon tho ground that he was a minister of the Gospal, that' he nover lectured for money, and that ho nover shonld go to. Amorica, oxcopt to preach in an Americsn pulpit. Mr. Conway, -commenting upon the refusal, says : 4 T am vory sorry that Mr. Spurgeon is not go- ing to/America, and is not to have the goodly sum dangled before his invincible syes. For Iam suro, -in - the first place, that he would put the thoney whore it would do, if not the most good, yet o great ‘deal of good'; ‘and,. in the second place, I think he would raige the whole standard of preaching among a certain class of American preachers.” It is sincerely to bo hoped that he will come here to preach, if not to lecture.. The sight of & mon who has the couragoe to refuse £25,000, would be refreshing in these times. Maseachusetts is a-large consumer of eggs, and it js alleged that of - late yearsthere is an in- creaso in the proportionof small oggs produced and imported in that State. The purchasers, | not deeming thata dozen of eggs now fairly ropresent & dozén, have sought Legialativo pro- tection, and the Legislature has enacted that eggs shall’ be sold in that State hereafter by the pound. z 3 NOTES AND OPINION. The Ohio Legislature (Republican), in de~ nouncing the Congressional salary steal, did not forget the censure that belongs also to the Pres- ident, and did fot hesitate to call for a ropeal of 80 much of the salary increase as relates to Con- gressmen. The Legislaturo also revived and ratified the constitutional amendment of 1789, ‘providing that no law varying the compensation of membors of Congress ghall {ake effect until an election for Bepresentatives shall heve inter- vened. The vote in the Senate stood 25 to 4; in the House, 60 to 1. —The Harrisburg (Pa.) State Journal doubts if there will be a political convention of any kind, this summer, that does not denounce the increase of Congressional pay, and demand its repeal. ~The Wheeling Infelligencer, organ of tho Be struggle to protect the weak against the strong under our Government, snd no sooner has victory crowned . their hopes in & Florions cause on one field than the - cry of distress from the e haia s bo pabiie Righwaya. ad. sl panies ublic and railwsy com) troatad 28 ommon carricrs, wnder regoiation and sypervision by tha, publc for'the yublio good, cr sball they continus a8 thoy are, tho povertal inséruments e xt ent fewat theupen!:’mfl!lcrmuul the many 7 N —A victory for the people in this struggle will not be wm\;fiht in & day, in amonth orina. year. It will como at the'end of a long contest, Tunning ‘m‘? Legislatures, Courts, &ngm.. the Supreme Court of the country, and must be, for years, fought for_at the ballot-box. There- fore, let all interested in tho result Bo to work, and with skill, system, and organization pre- pare for war noto. - All who are injured by lopi great monopolies are interested. The congumer ' is outraged aswell as the producer.—Champaign ul)l‘h Register is etrongl, ol Ly rallvag - 0 & oppos way gnnny, ol faors the taout ations remedy.—’ ockford (IIL.) Register. : —1We are heving continually forced upon our attention the alarming fact that the people are fast losing all confidence in the integrity of the logislative branch of the Government, both State and Federal.—Judge Charles H. Wood to the Eankakeg (1) Bar. i —The public sometimes becomes aroused to the extent that the voice of - the people forces itaelf to be heard, and when the masses make up. . their minds that tho condition of public affairs 1610 longer endurable, woq betido_the journal that speaks in opposition to their demands.— Atchison (Kan.) Globe. " —Hiding and covering the corruption of their party, 88 & successful game, is played out.—Forl Dafl%(lwa) Times. - 6 people want Congressmen who ‘will ok steal—not Congressmen who Swill steal, and, when caught, make a virtue of " it, becanso they aro forced to return the stolen property.—Osh~ &osk (Wis.) Times, = - *+=-The proper way is to r(:gudjntu those whao forced throngh the * back-pay steal.” —Buyj Commercial Advertiser. 5 —1iVe have nover hesitated in expressing our- opinion of the back-pay ** job,” and we have no doubt that it is condemned by a majority of the peoplo.—Detroit (fich.) Post. ' at the polls —The per cont of honest Congressmen ia 80 '~ emall that we feel impelled to devote a para- grnph fo grory ouo o fnd wrongtally ropro- sonted. We regret that it doesn't tako much apace fo g0 through the list.—St. Louis Deme ocral. —If it ia the desiro of the old party organiza- " tions to prevent the organization of a farmers’ party lot them soe to it that the agricultural clagges have justice and fair g}hy. As we have said beforo, it has coma_to this point, that the ‘Western and Southern shippers il have cheap transportation for their wares and products, or they will, s a last resort, wgm out old parties * and take possegsion of the Govi tas (! mng}"m —There is a happy time coming, wi{hinnvari brief period, when. William B. Aslor, inatesd o solling & corner Iot for 3100,000 will be locked up'* in the Tombs if he take $1 for it.—Labor Be- Jorm Meeting in New York. —1tis estimated that the Contral Railrosd will sbandon its opposition, and pay the scrip dive idend tax.—Utica (N. Y.) Herald. —Here is a little army regulation: s (Appointments on stafl, paragraph 36.}—= not fill any staff appointment or ofher situstion the duties of which will detail him from his" company, rcgiment, or corps until ho has served sd least three years with his regiment or corps; nmmfi 4 a0y officer (alds-de-camp excepted) so remain detached -* longer than four years. 3 ‘This did not prevent the appointment of 46 - President’s son npon the staff of the Lieuten- snt-General. The understood, wo - suppose, do mot apply to the personal wishes:of favorite Generals or the motion of a President’s son.—Cincinnali mercial. & ~—Wo believed in Gen. Fremont once, 2nd:: - voted for him for President of the UnitedStates. We grieve to be compelled at last to the conwic tion that he isa bumbug and & eco g Boston Congregationalist. 5 .. —The New York Commercial Advertiser e378 that,““ever since Gen, Butler ceased to be 3. Democrat he has beon a consistent Republicas.” There ia no ono more 50 in the couniry to-dsf. And if Botler is the model Republican, the full- grown, ripened, perfected corn in the 8ar, what- 18 Republicanism ?—Abany Argus. ¥ fiz —This is not saying, by any means, that th8 Democratic party, a8 such, would do better i3 - _ the Republican as such, but. it looks as if e Republican papers seem ta think so, else thay would not be trying to dissuade farmers {rom uniting themselves with the Democracy. m; adviso farmers to §od out what’s tho msttar, take the bo[ut m)esfln‘: bt;rgni themselvea on 0P~ owa; 1p) b T oes wheyhavo obeprved cosely conaot to bave been impressed witl: tho fact that thefd i8 a growing restiveness among the better! of people, at the manper in which the g parties are managed, The im;i‘r_easmn ‘has sies ily gom ‘that tho mothods which ware famiist . to the Democracy in the dark days of Myub- tory have entered, more or less, into the Eej Tican party,—Pittsburgh (Pa.) Gazele. sbend —Tho poople who have been so inssnely LSy in their boguests to railrosd co o3 bave been raising up birds to pick out their ovn % ey have been casting pearls beforo "7&,.,,,;, now turn to rend thom.—Raciné (i) info n snalyxs N ernment.—Chat~ -, army regulstions, itis to ba. - e i ” o R ——— o e ——R RIS, | A R T