Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 3, 1873, Page 8

PHILADELPHIA. Dr. Lord’s Course of Mistorical Lectures--=* Oliver Orom= well” —— M'rs. Smith, the Bible-Lecturer. Miss Britton’s Story of {ho Condition of tho Women of India, Correapondence of The Chieago Tribune, p TiILADELPARIA, Feb, 25, 1873, The Quokor Clty is not yot done congratu- lating horaolf on tho conviction and sentence of one of hor Fathors for adding to his othor means of, gotling an honost living thatof keoping o pambling-house, when sho is suddenly ealled upon to give thanke for & resolution of Coun- cils to atop tho pay of stroet-contractors until the ico and slush nro rorovod from the oross- Ings. Bomo mombora of tho pross arc unablo to ®eo why those public servants should have been pald for doing nothing all winter, and have thoir wogos ,stopped just when ' spring s coming to do tholr work with little oacletance from thom; but thero will bo blind wmon a8 long as tho - world stands. 'The pllos of enow thrown from the sidowalks and cai-tracks, rained on and frozen until, a8 fco- bergs, thoy impedo travel on many of the stroots, na much a8 thoir larger kindred do in the Arctic Ocoan, hold their places and form with wondor- ful tonacity; and there is still much anxlety for the safety of the' Fairmount dsm, from the gorge which continues to galn strongth from snows, rains, and frosts, in rapid snccesston. Pross and pooplo aro indignsnt thiat v THE WEST TOINT CADETS 2 wrétoho “smuggled through thecity in thonight," by.special ordor of the Bocrotary of War, that they may be prosont ab tho inauguration coro- monies, without pormitting tho pooplo to woo thoae racipionts of the public bounty, R, LORD'S COURSE OF MISTORUAL LECTURES draws full housos of tho most onltivated peopls in the city, They aro at noou, and aro prinei- ally attended by Iadios and clorgymon. His t locture, ‘¢ Oliver Cromoll,” was received with & strango mingling of assont and dissent. Cromwell's ominent sorvices to England and the caune of morality and civil and roligious lihorty, wadopioted by the lecturer, and his charactor as fi’mm and a ruler, wero hard to reconcile with 6 voliemont asaortion thathe had ** murdered Oharles I. and nsurped his throno ; hnd botrayed nnd turned his back upon tha causo of Freedom, ‘:)r which ho, and tho Parliamont of which he as & mombor, hiad, professodly, plunged their ‘rountry into war,—a war quite unnocessary to ‘sedure that frocdom. It wounld bo diffioult to ino o more contradictory jumblo than the é&:&emmu, all, and snndryi which the looturer o concerning the great Protoctor, that r snd & halfof fast talking. - IN PERSONAL APPEARANGE, ‘Dr, Lord is strangely like_tho Hon, Garrott avis. Rather below the medium hoight, gray- aired and baldy and his chin resting'on hi osom, bis 'au{:mbundnnt vitality gives n Strange, Woird intorost to all bo says; and as ho #prings and rocks from side £o side, raises him- gslf on his toos, and thon gottles back on hin 0gls, 88, With & jerk, he turns tho pages of his Kmanusar] t, and ghakes his finger at his audi- nce, whilo his whole framo and voice quiver oy 0 literally hissos ‘forth his strong points, one oals that tho attraction of his lecture is not so uch what ho says, as his queor manncr of eay- g it. In dolineating tho charactors of his sub- §eots, ho makes freo use of the cut-and-thrunt Btyle of criticlam, and secms just ss much in earnest whon contradicting an assortion as ho ‘Wias it five or ten minutea bofore. [ ANOTIHER NOTABLE IS AMNS. SMITH, who gives Bible lectures every Thuraday fors- fnun, without foe or reward,'ta packed audience n tho chapel of the Broad Btreet Mothodisf Oburch.” Bhoiga Phllndulfhim her husband Jman of amplo means, and in mlf sympathy with Jaer offorts to convert tho world to tho faith that Xiod loves sinners, and saves thom,in spite of all Ehelr demerits, {f thoy will believe that Ohrist gied for thom, : Bhe is a middle-sged woman, wery plain in dress, tall, with s fece which is & llnxn,}nr combination of strength and sweetnesa, equare-browed, square-jawed, fair-haired, with [gray eyes, and a rich, full voice. Bhe has plenty ot appropriate words, an-o; nl way of statin, Jher views, is tremendously in carnost, and, #hough a i’nabytmm, seems under no foar of ®xcommunication by that Goneral Assembly which #0 lately chacted. » law requiring womon o keep silence in churches, pui Jos SUITION, FROM. ou,uul'i:n, i 80 spoaking out in mectings, and, worss st in mootingahold under tho roofs of Eplacopalian ‘phurches. Trus, sho does not go into the church Enre or, but confines hor talke to lecture-rooms, sits modestly down on & chair placed on a level with hor audioncs, 8o that very fow seo er, and not anmon henr her wonderful ptory; but that it is wondorful and true, thero mé to be but one opinion. It is of the con- ion of the women of Bengal; thefr lifetimoe- prisonment in colls less attractivoand little er than those of our ponitentiaries; of the Jmeans—a pair of worated-work slippors—by amnh Cbrietian women firat’ gained nccoss_ to Mhess poor prisoners; of the avidit; ‘with which theso reluotantly-admitted fin{ dtors aro now sought as tonchors; of the wonversion through their torohing of many of ihun women, and their carnest dosire to be lgmzud, which cannot be gratifled, as no male misslonary may see them, and no fomale mis- slonaries of the Cross are not authorizad to ad- :lé\fll;m‘ u\ll:n rito, So gfl:: is ;hn tliesire, {‘;hn 0 0! 80 pOOr convorts, When dying, baj Rized bersolt,” OF tho ' Hindoo wilowebans widowhood often baginfl at 8 yonrs of age, and must lnst until death brings rolénso, her account is soul-harrowing, The widow can eat but one wroarae moal a day, and once In two woeks must Torego " that, can never slesp on a bed, or have Aoything but her ong garmont interpose be- twoen her porson and the brick floor on which zho ligs. No woman must ever spesk to her in Jovo or pity, or give hor go much as a drop of Water in any extromity. No man must see hor, and her only hope of nssistancois from the woluntary dnoss of mny small boy who may be in the family. ¥rom this tato of existenco, she in taught to elieve, aho must pass at death into one of ex- T:lunn torturo, which will last for yoars, when she will be pormitted to pass into the body of €hat animal or roptile which she most fears or loathes, In listoning to Miss Britton, I felt that the best possible missionary effort for India would be to holp Russia and "England to got up the biggost fight their resources will pam&t for tho posseasion of that country, and induco them £0 fight it out thoro, in the land thoy covet. KOTHING DUT KILLING EVER- CAN CURE HINDOO HEN, who have well-solected libraries of English lit- erature, rend our best books, spesk our Ianguage rfeotfy, livo in luxury, and keep thoir wives are prigon-colls! Preaching to such fellows, in other voice than the thundor of cannon, must be gather a nausoating exorcise. Jane G. BwissmeLy, PPy WENDELL PHILLIPS’ ‘LECTURE. % tha Editor of The Chicago Tribune: 8m: I have rend your report of the lectute de- @vored by Mr. Wondoll IbLillips, in the Union Bark Oongrogational Ohurch, on “ Froude as an distorian”; also, the letter in your improssion of yestorday’s date, boaring tho aignature * Not n Englishman.” I am an Englishman, sud, as such, T conceive it to be my bounden duty, in Bofense of myself and tho great political party $o which I have the honor to belong, to meot Mr. Phillips' remarks on Englishmon with an unquali Bod repudiation, so far as we aro concorned, 8Ir. Phillips says that somo difference of opinion sxists 88 to the wisdom displayed by Mr, Froude in the cholcs of his subjoct. I will not lony that there Is ressonable ground for this L put’T am cortain that the same objootion migh bo ralsod to Mr, Phillips’ eelection of subjeots for oritiolsm, which you, {n your report, name a sories of critloisms on thiat distinguishod English schalar, Froude, I thiuk a more appropriate title mlfiht bo found for language such as that br, Phillips uses, Had he been content with witiolaing Froudo, or any other public man, I would not complain,” howover sovera his eritiolem might ~ bave hoen, if strictly In mccordanco with fact ; but am ptrongly of opinlon that much a limited fold of oporation was wholly Inadequate for the oxposition of ideas vo Profmmd in their nature o those suggested by the distinguished orator. It is not my desire or Inteution to enter fnto- fho eubject of Mr. Froude's leoturos, nor do T 8 nuy way object to Mr, Phillips’ holding and apréceing an opinion of Ly owa in reforgneo to o Iargo and powe .inclinod to tho bolief that the intel . this country will anawer promptly, No | . pruning-hooks, _THE CHICAGO "DAILY TRIBUNE: MONDAY, MARCH 3, 1873 i - R R e R O A R R R B R R R R B R R R B o R R R R R EEE———N————. thoso locturen; but I do most ‘htnoatly’ aud nalumn{r rotoat againat 36 unwarranted and unoallod-for romarks feds hy Mr. Phillips en England and Englishinon, ot mo extract .a ::w o‘mm uitdtancos of tho Lonofdblo gentlo- an Y H9 saya thoootrse of Bigland toward noods oxplanation; and hufi!wr upnnkl‘r;'glz‘:}mg snmo subjoot, Ite Uoolares that England was ¢ome pelled to glve Justico to Iroland, aud that it was Jear wlone that prompted hoet to do any just thing. Ag_to_ tho nocosslty for .tho oxplanation Mr, Phillips sponks of, T'am roady to ndmit that four or flvo yoars ngo it was nocoseary ; but, surcly, any one who anything of tha debates in the British House of Commons, and the inuumorable lootures and spoochos dolivorod on tho subjoot of justico to Iroland, in ovory city and town of any noto in the Throo Khfidnms‘ must know' that a very nl portion of tho English come munity have for yoars folt that somothing taore than explanation was necessary, and, acting on this conviction, havo fought nobl‘y on tho plat- form, in tho pulplt, aud on tho floor ol tho Houso of Commong, with the viow of giving to Iroland that ovon-hondod justice she F;hnll the right to domand, "Docs Wendoll Phillips " moan to _ohargo xr\mlx mon ng Gladstone, Dright, Miall, Mill, nnd tho groat body of ‘intol genge Vomposing the advanced Liboral party of England, with soting froma #onse of feAr? It ho doos, ho is hugely mistake ony 1 ho doos not moan this, X would suggent t0 him tho propricty of .'lm}ng ‘more oxplicik whon making suel swoz{:ms nasertiong aa thome to which I hiave referred. It {8 highly refroshity to rond Ar. Phillips’ Yomarks in which ho speaks of tho incapacity of an Englishman to givo an imruflnl]n ont on any quostion or nation, owing to his.imsularity and solf-couceit. ‘Tho ‘writer ,of the Jotter to which I have proviously roforred, ‘ Not an Englishman,” makes \iso_of longuago which, aithough m%l»doaurvnd, I should osll Bn:- sonal to Mn Phillips, I 'will bo morocharitablo, aud aimply say tnat his idea of sn Englishmbn is nn erronoons ono. Tho manof whom speak Smd T hold him to boa true reptescntative Eng- ahmnn? has o sonl quite aseapacious as thst of Mr. Phillips (or any other man), which \will re- fuso to bo confined in an alloy, ot to havo the qund of oporation ovér which it may exorciso ts noblost functions Prnuudbud by tho narrow limits of hia own littlo island, B I shall doubtloss be mot with the anawer that momo of our publio mon, and & portion of onr publio press, do, from timo to tine, give ntter- anco to opiniona on all groat queationa (but more ospocially political quostions) which natarall: load to the imprunsion that those who hold mmfi opinions are lisblo to, and desirous of, such strictures as those BMr. Philiips passos on thom, Xam rondy to admit that such a comclusion ‘would bo ontiroly Warranted in somo enses, but I would ask, Ia itjreasonable, is it just, thata wholo community shall suffor contumpmflo mis- roprosontation bocauso some portion of that community choose to spesk (aa Mn Phillips doos) unadvisedly, and ofton lncomutllK ? Xam igenco of 1t Mr, Phillips ia not awaro of the Padt, T chn inform him, that thero aro in England two groat political partics, whose opinions on sll grent queations are as widoly ufinflulhey possibl; can bo, I now epenltof” tho ndvanced leens Bm{l," 8o nobly led by suoh men as John right, Miluey™ Gibson, W. L. Glad- tone,© J. H. fll, and = host of mn‘f . Whose hnmes are houschold ivords; ond the Consorvative party, led by B. Disracli, Lord Dorby, Gathorno Hardy, and’ equally hon- orablo men, who 100k at most qlwnt?nn! affoct~ ing tho government of the country from a dif- forent standpolnt, and, as a natural conse- ?nonce, on overy ocossfon those men will ba found opposod {0 each othor on any guestion of jmportance. Whilat the Liboral ["mrly woro straining every nerve to bring aboul roat xo- forms in Irish’ lagislation, thoy met with the - flercest o{youmnn from thoir oppononts, and any ono at all conversant with English politics for tho ]iut twonty-five yoars must know that all that time has beon spont, at immonso cost of mind and monoy, by the great Liberal party, to bring about such home reforms, soci and Po- litionl, anare nngo ed by “l% eo&h of England. And what wag great objection theso cham- pions of roform had to contend with from thelr n;mnunh? Wh’y. simply this: That they wero » arlcl.nlzmfl“uurhm tutions. You may all {magine my feelings of indignation, after auffer- ln{ continual misreprescntation at homo for holding up, as examples worthy of' imitation, America and her Institutions, to find that your ublio mon are 80 inconsiderato as to speak in he manner Mr. Phillips does. I can only repest that wo aro Englishmen; and that I; in my own defenso, and, furthor, in defanas of = b?l:(hy' do mos omyintlo To. dehto Mr. ips’ misropresentation of us, Would it have boen just on our part if, during the timo of your war, Wo had spoken of you ng & Jawless community, becauso rebollion oxisted in somo_parts of your country? X guess not. Lot Mr, Phillips apply this rulo, whon ho sgain attempts “eriticism,” N I regrot, sir, to trouble you, or to oomnpfi your’ valuable spaco ¢ but I am convinced that the im- gomnca of the case willbe suficiont apology lor my intrusion. 1t ig painful to me that mon so distinguished salamled to believe Afr, Phillips is, should show such small regard for tho feclings of thoso ‘who happen to have other belongings than him- solf; and that regrot is much atronger when I remembor that tho remarks of whluhgl oomplain wore made in the house dedicated totho worship of God. I cannot, for ono moment, think that Rr. Phillipe’ leoturo will do much to bring about that glorions time of whichwe road, whon pwords shall ba beaten into plowshares, ahd spesrs into AN ENOLISIMAN. OBITUARY. Dispatohes roceived in this cily, on Sunday, snnounced tho doath of the Hon, Caleb Rico, at Springfleld, Mass.,, on Saturday aftornoon, March 1. Ho had, for many yoars, heon President of the Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company, and much of the succoss of that highly prosporous institution is duo to his abllity and the perfect confidence justly reposod in bis integrity by the public. Whilo guarding with tho greatest care the interests of his com- peoy in the sottlement of policies, ho held the ho scales of justice impartially, and hente - litigation was, in ' most it not in overy case avoided. Ho retained his vigor and his {acultios fully beyond his 80th yoar, visiting our city sftor tho fire and looking aftor the intereats of tho compouy with his nc- oustomod watchfulness and care. It hss a very lurgofllt of insured amongour best citizens, and they will road the nows of his death with unfoigned rogrot, A good man has fallen, It is to be hoped that great cara will bo exercised in choosing Lis succossor, for his was a position which comparatively few men are, in all rospoots, .adapted to fll, Gov. Hendric Accident. From the Indianapolis Sentinel, Feb, 28, A fow minutos aftor 9 o'clock yosterday morn~ ing, n8 Gov, Hendricks was loaving his resi- dence, on the corner of Tennesseo and 8t. Clair atreots, to proceed to the Stato-louss, ko ul!pi:fid on tho ice-covered stono stops leading to tho entrance of the house and foll at full length on the walk, the back of his head striking tho cdgo of one of the steps, Hia fall was so honvy as to bo heard' by his wifo and nieco, who wero sltting in tho drawing-room, and they ran to the door in groat alarm' and ns- sistod tho Governor into the houso., e appeared much stupofied, but was able, with tho aid of the ladien, to roach the room ho had just quit- tod, and to lio down on a lounge. Ou examina- tion, the back of his head was found to be me- vorely 'bruiscd, and_Mra. Hendricks and hor nieco wera groatly agitated, of courso; and thoir situation was rondered all the more distroseing b‘y the faot of tho servanta being abaent on va- rlous missions, Loaving tho Governor in caro of his wite, the youug lady hastoned io sum- mon medical aid, but, after” visiting the offlces of soveral physiciana located In that soction of the city, and finding none of {hem in, sho returngd to the houso, Not lik- g to leave Mrs, Hondricks to caro for hor husband alono,she got ono of the neighbors to go down town after a physician, Tho mos- songor ghortly returned with Dr. J. H, Wood- burz, who, after examining his pationt, pro- nouncod hin injurles not to be of n dangorous mature, His Excellenoy had by this timo recov- erad full consclousncss, and wished to bo per- mitted to go dawn to his oftice, but the doctor Enl & veto on that request. Just after the fall, is extremitios wore cold, and for a long timo his attendants were unablo to perceivo the oir- culation in them, but finally tho chafing was suc- cosnful, Mz, Hondrloks oxplainod to u Seatinel reporter that the Governor's circulation is voi sluggish, and that whenover he is jll Le {a troubled’ with coldness and numbnosa in his hands and feot. After the doctor had left him ho sent to tho Btate-lonso for his private sec-~ rotary to bring him several important documonts that wero awaltiug his signaturo. ‘Those wore brought to and signod b{ im. About noon he complainod to his wife that ho could not see hor, and soon bocame &0 {11 that Dr, Allon was oallod in; but aftor a while tho nauacs passed off, as also did the slight mental disturbance, Toward evnelng be fell anleop, and at 8 o'clock he was rosting quito easy. Tho physioians roport that & day or two of rost will complotely restore him, he Yond " THE'RAILROAD QUESTION. : - Opinions from Various Quunrters, S Lirrith PROM 'rite ON. SoRTAR quiNeT. o the Exditora of the lioston Dafly Advertise: Asyou stato Ind rocent afiltorln], 1 advooato {ho purchasd 6f 616 lino of raliroad by the Stato, for tho purpose of reducing by compotition tho. frico of froights, evon if 1t shonld lessan tho profita of oxisting railroads. Withont alluding to tho pactioular onso now betord tho Loglsla- turo, I wish to conslddr ihe quostion m a broad national point of view, Thore are betwoon Bos- ton And Ohicago nbout ‘sevonty millions of wa torod stock, for whioh tho sharoholders nover paid a cont, but_ on which thoy lovys tax of millions on the public in tho shape of cxorbitant farcs, I do not boliove that thia atato of thinga can ba pormanont, and think it the duty of our statesmon to endoavor to find o pondoabls romo- dy. My romedy is the owning nnd gontrol of ono or mvre Of the pront thoroughfires of tho, country, blther by thio Biald or tho United Tho first grdht objection ls thoe danger that dokrunt Hon % influence our 108]!1!%01‘! for {lioir own profit. Instead of - nn .wrguiitent, I will take the oase of the ¥rio Uanal, Hero is n thoroughfaro builty ovilod, and managed by Now York, By tho constitution of the Btate It can neithér bo gold nor loased, but must bo forsver ‘opon to the froo use of any one who puta s hoat upon it and paya the "Pu“ toll, " What han boan the corruption resulting from fitato ownor- sbip and manngomont " bf “this groat propbrty, x'!'::n co‘mglml \;ich whfltt h_u; x'ctnul:gfl from the \ere Bnd managora of private incorporated ¥allronda? Lot tho .venal .logislators ?l Now Yorknnswor. Ase financinl oporation it has baen attonded with complote succoss, the main Erio binving paid for itself many times over Gov. Fenton in ono of hin mca_u%gg atatast . “The Erio Canal hos noy, &ud as hed Mnea 1800, uwnnnfi‘wnrqh)g\ capacity of four wpill- iona of tong in oach . diraction,, ohst And. west, dn;lnfi &n ordibary sohaon of navigation of sov- 60 no-half months, In ‘arriving at thoso reauits, I iavo assumed that this thoroughfaro was, ot all times, dnrlng tho soason of navigne tiox, in proper order, tho looks in good condi-- tion, Donullnt]{ In n working stato, and prompt- 1y a0d officiontly attondod by an adequate num- bor of men, The abovo estimato e based on continuous work, dsy and night, and employing tho wholo seven daya in tho woel, aecording to tho custom on that canals© Upon the samo ba- sis, but running ugh the whole -iwelvo monthe, the railways would have the following sphual froight capacity as compared with tho Erle Canal, viz. : 3 2 o ‘Erio Canal, ono and s half mtlés pér hour, tonnaga 4,000,000 tons ench way: total tonnago eapactty, ,DOd.ODD. - ‘ Railway, oight milos por hiour and two miles space hoiweon the tralns, 7,008,000 tona cnch ways total tonnage capacify, 14,016,000, o ilalhuy, ton miles an hour; spage, two milos botwoen trains; 8,760,000 tons onoh way; total tonnago capaoity, 17,640,000, “ Roalway, ten miles per hour ; spaco, onomile botwoon trkita; 17,620,000 tons oach way; total torinage oapacity, 95,040,000, 3 “Railway, elg’.xt ‘miles lmr lour; spaco, ond milo botwoen mdn-l 14,010,000 tona coolt way ; total tonnego capacity, flb,oak,onfl. 5 { Rallwa; r hiour ; epaco, half 8y, aight. tnilos milo bobwéon traine; 28,093,000 tons each way ; totl ténhago capaciby, 66,004,000, Y Railway, ton.miles por hour; space, half mile botonn tralns; 85,040,000 touls cach Way ; total tonnsgo capacily, 70,080,000 4Tt ja not difiienlt to )iumolvu {hat, on a rate of eight miles per hour, the spoed ot which late éral friction nearly commes, a freight capavity four times that of tho Brio Usul can bo achioved with entire success. It. only romains to take cdro of tho oconomio arrangements: in tombination to accomplish tho -roduction of 1froights in an invorse ratio, somowhat - corro-. sponding to tho inoroasod cnpacity of the road.” Bo much for tho comparative chespness and facllity of transportation by rnllwn{u snd canals, My own opinion {s that ultimately the United Btatos, aoting under the samo nutharn{n:iy whidh they construoted the Oumborland Road, will own’the rosd-bed and the ststions of froight roads on all the great lines, and, like the Erie Csnal, w thom -open, under rogulations as regards regular and mod~ orate speod, to any person who wishes to ‘put eoither cars or locomotives mpon them, paying, a8 on the canal, regular and fixed tolla £0r thols use, With & dowble track thoro would be, on such’ roads, under such rogula~ tlons (aupplementod a8 they would bo by the telographs), no danger of - collisions, .and as the cars would not have to go upon sidlndgs to walt for exprees trains, their specd would be about a8 groot, and the honr of their romoval more certain, than at prosont and thero would be an end of cnm&lfint!, of sbortages or oxcossive tariffa, as individuals, and not corporations, wold be responsible, This {ss subjoct of vital importsnce to tho _people in every soction of this country, and the ‘poople, in my opinion, will never consent pers. n:nn;nd to pay divldu‘::dnn;:ix':‘:nll!‘l:ex:‘sntt wnteg:d stocl, when they can, sying intorost on tho hotual cost of & zoud-bod, have. tho rodiotion of froighta that must result from competition- and from a frae use of the facilities it affords. Josran Qurvoy, 4 From the Springfleld (Iil) Journal. Twenty-two years ago, Illinois was poor, ovor- ‘whelmingly in debt, with a thin population, with high taxes, with low prices, with millions of rich acres of land untouched, with no way for immi- gration to reach us, and no way for the convey- nnco of our gurplus to market. Capitalists from abroad camo and offered to build us railroads; We wolcomod thom joyfully. We gave them ‘boundlosa privilegos and sfrong guarantees for tho socurity of their investments. Wo placed them beyond the reach of mero caprico. Wo avo them such protection of constitution and aw, a8 capital, over sonsitive, has the powor to domand. There waa o falr bm‘%nln for equity on both sides. Tho rosult is, Wwo have & thousand milos more of railro than any other Btato. We bave 8,000,000 of inhabitrits., Ours, from boing tho sixteenth State, is tho fourth, in importauce. Our Btate dobt can be,—what is loft of it,—wiped out in o single ear, if we will to do it. Our prairie lands, not worth G0 conts an acro then, are worth 850 now. And—glorious memory—how we did tarn out tho supplics, the monoy, and the men, in the groat strugglo for the Unlonl To secure these groat onds, we have almost made corporations ourmasters. 'The yoko boars heavily upon the necke of the poople. Thelr necks are becoming sore, and their shoulders ary. Thoy have risen fo throw off tho bur- den.” -The pondulum . is rushing back past the contro towards the 'opposito extromo: and thero i8 dangor that too ‘much will bo demanded, It is to be hoped, and urgod, that the people, now nroused by _tho yi’reuura of many evils, will hold tenablo ground in the issue with corporations until all the hardships and abnses for which railroads aro hold rosponsiblo, aro romedied. To go beyond that—to enactlaws which ought nottobe made, and whiok tho courts caunot constitutionally enforce, is to throw away solid advantages, and weakon » good causo, Our polioy will bo, for yet many coming years, to invite ospltal, and skilled labor, nn all manner of improvoments—not to repel them, ‘There is no *‘irrepreasiblo conflict of opposing forcea here, Wo have only to keop away from oxtromes aud choose iho just modium. '*The sober socond thought " will enable us to find it. From the Champaign (Il.) Union, W aro sincerely in Fl‘xze belief that the most important move—tho movomeut from whioh our oltizons ‘throughont the cuunt{ farmers, tradesmen, aud all—may most coufidently look to for relief from tha terriblo depression that now hangs liko & pall over ovory branoh of bus iness—ig thet looking towards the establish- ‘mont of manufectorios, That' we have porsist- ently thrust this opinion in the faco of our read- drs, in season and out of goason, and upon evory and nll oconsions, wo frecly admit ; and further, we deolaro it _our intention to continue this course, confidently -bolioving that the peopla will yet realizo tho importance of action in this direction. Now, while tho country is staggorin| under the mlfihty offort to throw off tho gall- ing olnins that cn‘zltdiuta, East and Wost, through combination and corporations, havo ko deftly bound upon them, wo conceive it to bo more than over opportuns to wrge these viewa. ItLns bocome almost s settled convie- tion with tho pooplo that it I8 vain to look for ro- liof or redress from the wrongs inflicted upon us bey these unscrupulons transportation corpora- tions, through constitutional or statutory enact- ments. It in oloarly shown by-the late doolsion of the Bupreme Court, that our courts stand ready to pronounce oven the Constitution un- oconstitutional when it conflicts with the Interosts of those mouopolics, All railroad logislation sooms probable to_end ina like uneatisfaotory manner ; it muat finalty come into the hand of our courts for settlomant, In thelight of pres- ent and gnut oxperionce, what can the paopla hapa for ? After long, ledious, and exponsivo litigation, some flaw s pioked out, und the e 7 at thon ia loft for the peoplo? To go on and through thoir rcnronontnll::oa ounotxmoro forgotten, Tnwe, whivh t buif tha courts will. intorprot to méan angthing but ‘wh'ntqthoy “'/ur};'l {om{g for ? ‘To mako uso of a. torm more uxprnongu than ologant, * This is about played out." 'armors nnd the poople genorally, . must ook to nomo ‘moins by which thoy, can $ocome lass dopendont upon ratlronds. Adopt, nomo method by which thelt Products may ba consumed at liomo, and thus 8avo tho cost of transportation. Thoymust conno to import tho artiolos and maockinory they uso, In nword, establish’ manufactires. It is tho suront, the l‘{m«kcsb, and tho onnfost rond out of thoso d{onltlos, and that which will tho most offdctunlly broak the buck of transportation ‘monopolles, = : Fromihe Dellevttlo (1) Adveedte. - Justico Lmvrenes sys that tho word ** rea- sonable” Is vary Indoflnito, and ite monning de~ enda ohtiroly upon opinion, and cannot b k. lved at. Honco, the law, to by eftortivé, sliould o eltered in this anr:&vlnlon-. A q& ho arguos, it Ig'not to lfi" AUDYBED gmt tho Company would earry frblghts “trom, Bloomington_at anything Aesd’, thon_romunorajive . rates, ovon though in bngpg‘umlgn With anothor road’; and henos any ¥ato highdy than those chargad botweon Chioago and Bloomington aro -unronsonably high, Thus far tho oase_scomod sgainst tho Company, But, ho says, although tho objost nimeil at §8 within tho powor of the Legielaturo, tholnw in iis prosont . forta , is. . inadoquate o .tho comp! ont. - This Iaw was pauge ol under .an artfole in . tho “hew Oonstitution roquiring that tho Lagielntiire pass Inwa to prevont unjust diecrimination ;.bitt" thg law prohibits any discrimination #Lstover, noy roc0) m»u.hm mado gompatible with tice, 1 prnmhltloxflflm dooision declares 0, g, Bpd not authorized by.the Conati- tflfi: t Procoods to give an instanoce in which b disorlmination would %o Just and propor, i Furthor, tho Jaw providos -that upon the firat conviotion of disor{minations of any kind, the Gompaty ahall orfoit, its frattchisse: This thg deocision declaros to be m{“hly nniu’ut And 1in- constitutional: Tt the Place, it is virtually making oh et Whith m‘;fihb in somo casos, bo inbigetnt bnd yright, orlminnl in- oll ousos, {rhioch. .cadnot . o austained lz tho Conptitution., .And, again, it ‘fixes a ponally ot tlio commission of ' micly sot, much oavlor than the offonso can E‘,’““’” warrant, whilo it is exprossly stated ‘in tho Constitution that tho Eunnlly must bo proportional to the na~ turs of tho offenso. . : Justico Lawronco suggosts that tho law be so smonded that only unjust discriminations aro unishable, and that the sevority of the penal 0 greatly Jossoned for the first act, and grado for muccooding violations. Undor thoso cénsiderations, thoe declsion of the obll&cu;s Court was roversed and the Company learod. . Honco, as tho law now oxists, it 18 powerless, Wo liivae caueo for gratification in tho fdot that its dofoots have boon 86 edrly discovorod, and it 18 to bohoped that tho Logfllature will lose no timo in making the- improvements suggestod'by this compotont aithority. THE FARM AND GARDEN. Fisti-Oulturc—Restocking the Rivers —Trout Park —Artificinl Brecding— HBrook or Spreckled Trout in Xllinois —Xow the Eggu Aro Hatchod—A Rce markable Grove of Nativo Arbor=Vi= thes—Fiftoon Hundrod Yonrs Ago— ow Camo Thoy Thus Now Xore? —White Cedar—Farm of David Hams= |. mond-Xts Advantnges for Trout-Fish Culturc—State Aid for tho Fropaga= tion of Fish. - . LI o From Our Agricultural Correspondent. Omaxteatan, 1L, March 1; 1873, g PIBH-CULTURE, or the artifloial broeding and growing of flsh, is bocoming an industry of no small importanco in many parts of tho country. The rivers of Now England and the Atlantic Coast are boing atocked with shad, tho rivers of tho lower lakes with salmon; whilo our Western stresms are not to bo The Ohlo, Missourl, and Platto Rivars hitvo had & small number of shad placed in them, as = tost of thoir adaptation to this fiehi ; whilo, in many parts of tho country indi~ -viduals are making experiments with trout, . IN THE NATUDAL BREEDING OF FISH, it is supposed that Hiot more than ons egg out of n thousand is hatched, or at loast produces a fish that comes to maturity, Not:that there. is any dofeot irr the eggs, but that they are exposed to 80 many onorvies and ndverse conditions. On the other hund, 1t Is claimed that, in ARTIFIOIAY DREEDING, ‘not 6 per cont ara lost, This is a wide differoncoe in the two modes, and shows what o little care will accomplish. 8had, the favorito fish of Now England, it is sald, will bo reduced to oné cent & pound, within the noxt ton yeara, under thopres- ent syatom of managemont, 4 DROOR-TROUT - ! 18 & most covetod luxury twhenavor it can 16 pro- ouréd, but civilization has noarly robbed tho streams of thisfleh; buvy, under tho new system, those are to bo restored, oven in grestor abun- dance, and the eprings thiat foéd the brooks nnd. the rivers aro to bo run into baains fortho broed- ing and growing of this fish; and wo of the prai- rio country are; to some extent, to become bread- ©rs and growers of fish,~the speckled trotit of tho rapid-flowing stroam of forest; hill-land, and ‘mountain, ‘Wo have s large number of springs along the margins of our rivers, andin the deep valleys, that may be confined to basing, and give o homo to tho speckled trout. This is o longer an ox- erimont along the Fox -Rivor, as I sow, & fow Gays sinco, some two milos north of Elgin, snd al80 in the valley of Poplar Orook, about two miles onat of that place. = The first of these is owned by W, A. Pratt, and known as TROUT PABK. ‘Horo tho Fox River.runs over tho bods. of Trenton limostone, 200 feet below the top of the blaft, that slopes graduslly to the valley, where the #ivor makos its rapid course, with slight ‘windings, as its puro water igllzluu over its rooky bottom, The bluffs are cut into rayines, or can- ons, out of which come numerous springs, whoro the limestono arrests the water that comes from the prairie, and gathers it into aprings. Some of those springs Mr. Piatt has scooped into ponds, 80 to 60 feet long, and 10 foot wide, that aro now atooked with tho ‘speckled trout brought from the brooks of New York. .The agrlng! on this one farm aro supposcd to bo capable of un&!sorb- ing 1,000,000 trout, providing they arofed dail with the lights and livars from tha city slauglt- er-house. Throe pounds of this food, it is ceti~ mated, will make 1 pound of trout, and which como to maturity at 4.years, averaging 1 pound ench. But to accomplish this, a largo sum must be oxponded in making tanks, for these must b of solid masonry, so_that tho yalls will stand front, and of auch a height that the fieh will not jump out of the water, or 8o a8 not to permit the mink end' muskrat to feod on the fleh, which they will do if pormittod access to tho onds, 3 The fish are now spawning, and thousands of the eggs aro in the hatching-house, and othor thousands are being daily added. Tho hntching- boxos aro filled with gravol, Over this, a stream of water 1 inoh in depth is constantly running. Tho fish are stripped of their ogga over theso bods, whoro the eggs remain for 70 doya before they are hatohed, The young fish thon float into a tank below, whore they remain for 40 days without food, when the smdll sack that waa at- tachod at tholr birth disappoars, and thoy begin to food, nud are thon ot - INTO THE PEEDING TANKS. . Each lot, or those of the samo #go, are kept soparate, 80 -that the big fish shall not devour tho small anes. This water ia 8o hlft'hly oharged with silex that wood in largo quantities has become oharged with it, and thus becamo fonsllizod, and rotains all tho apposranca of wood, yot, in faot, is a sand- stono, similar to the fossil wood of the foot-hills of the Rocky Mountains, of which ‘it ia said thero aro Iarge forests. -Noar Pike's Peak aro stumps of tres, moro than 80 foet in dismeter, thus prosorved,—showing that thope foot-hills weze onco clothed with magnificnt forests of coniferous treos, The wator for tho hatching of theso, ugqln is carefully filterod bofore passing on to the hatching-beda ; otherwise tho eggs would be destroyed. In feoding, nothing but animal food will please those trout, whoso natural food is water-insects, fish-spawn, flics, and such land-indnots as como within their grasp. In artificial fooding, tho livors and lungs of tha slaughtor-house are found to bo tho cheapest and tho best, g TIE BPAWNING SEABON {s from November to Maroh,—a poriod of 4 months. A tho fish become ripe for spawning, they feed littlo, and romain noar tho boltom of the’ stream. 'The practisod oye of tho flsh- breodor detscts the propor time to ship the flsh on the betching-beds, when they arc again re- turned to tho strosw. Of courso this oporation ‘must bo performed in & buoket or tub of wator, and this poured on tho bods, Eggs are: shippo in damp moss, but it is bettor to ship the young fry whqlo in tho sack etato, na thoy require no foeding, and but little change of wator, at that lod, mfll‘:uut G0 norea aro enclosod in tuls vark, aud Inono of tho rayinesisa romarkablo grove, at covifors, of the Thuja, or Quprosson family, ono’ ofwhieh jg .. . 3 e A GIANT OF THE RIVER-FORRAT. Tho patrinrchof this overgroon forost of grove is now dead, {nt prosenting its gront arma to tho winds that swecop thmu&;h the ¢nlloy, It stom, 4 foot from tho. gronnd, s 20 foob in olr- oumforolioo, (f.& [foot it diametor) ahd must ha ¥rom 1,200 o 1,600 years old. The hoxt largost troo Uhat.fs now allvo aud thritty Ia 0 foot in dlameter, o > : FIFTLOR. m_nnmvl FRARA AGO. -nmnl_xgxaf of ‘panidgoiitust havo planted tho sood it Produced thia romnrkablo grove,—porliaps thio most romarknblo in tho Nortiwweat, a8 1 pry= peoe to show, Tho eofl of il qkfi%’ A 6ozy‘¥ Thon the watey Grtinkobt o 15 Tihontono, an pl,ug; At Yind Lduin Svonthered into soll. Thln i avtabio to the growthof thoso familios of.troes that dolight in a damp soil.” Horo, the sood that the' bird drn|‘1‘pnd -sprouted and gréw, snd, in umo,\!\rndncu soods, And thon, in turn, 4 into othor trees, and thus hundreds of thdso ovorgreons graw up and formed & densd (Bll\m!h that canoplod ot - tho suti {h Bntiidr, And gavd yarm sholter in tintot to the wild door and olk that roamead through tho valloy, But the deor ond the olk browsed the young plants, of which thioy ro fond, and thua tho plantation consod to sproad throngh the deolduous forbat And be- camo isolatod And confindd to thix ono spob of rivet woodlind, coud by B L “But b _qyestlon Wrisoas In it - tho common bor-VIth of tha Northorn Btates, known ss e Occldentalis ; or Is it the filgnnuu Arbor- Yitw, the Thuja gigantic, of Nutiall,—' ono of ‘tho most majostio troos west of the attaluing tho Rocky Mountaing, holght .of 60 to 170 feet, or ovory 200 foot, and boing 20 to 40 feot in ciroums foretico at tho trunlk, V nnéldgm sinv it along the const fnord than 70.to 100 foct In height,— still, hoivbver, much larger than the common spocles, (7. Occidentall.)” , . . » * Thore ia an ab- songo of glands on the folinge of this troe. Tho leaves are short, vory olosely imbricated, and do- prossod, ‘sonlo-liko, with short intornodos.” + v 4 » “ Young plants of'this spocics appoar to stand our winters with varfable_success, and wo aro afraid it will not prove to bo & valuablo acqulisi- tlon to plantors in the Middlo Btates, nt laast, it not °§‘i\5 )fnrugor north,” . (Book of Evergreens, age B16). . 4 8(" botaniats should settlo this question, for, i# it is the same spocios of our common Amoeri- dah Arbor-Vitm, or of white cedax; it is s most romarkabld growth, and if of the Gigantia, tho quostion noxt in ordor ia, - *! MOW OAME IT THUS XOW HEREP" 'The white cedar hgcuprmua Thyoides) grows from 70 to 80 feet high; and I havo scon them 8 foot in dinmoter, Tho forosts and the river~ bluffs have protectod this grove from- the flerco tidal waves of elootrio cold that conies from far~ oft Alaska or tho shores of the Arctio Oconn. TIIA GROVE OF GONIFERS, . ; with ite old, doad patriarch, is within two hours’ ride by rail of Ohicago, and -ypt it has remained in obsourity, and L""h“‘“’ this js the first pubs lished notico that has renched the public. “For moro than 85 yoars I bave beon familiar with that part of the count‘liy, and have beon in tho nolghborhood - timo and again, and not a “word was ovor whispored to ma that such & raro natural onriosity existod in ono of the ravines that looked dotwn on the trains that daily pass within o foiy rods of this wonderful grove; and tho first intimation that I had of its oxistonco was the meoting it faco to facoas I waded through a foot of snow to reach tho spot. It waa o surpriso -to stand amid such a forest “in such o placo; for Lore are troos that com- menced * their growth away back toward the timo of tho Christian ora, and whero gonoration aftor goneration'of the onk-trees hayo grown up and decayed, . Whon fho Chicago & Galons Union ‘Railroad waa firat put under fonce, tho man who owned this grove of_troos went among thom with ax, and eaw, and beetle, and wedges, and cut and split them into posts, to tho number of -5,000 or 6,000 ; and thoso to-day stand guard along tho 1o of that groat highway now known as the Ohicago & Northwestern Railway. B In the park are three domesticated doer, that followed us through the snow, and up the deop ravino, and among tho ancient conifors. Ibroke off & branch, and %lva thom of the T’oun leaves, which thoy ate with avidity, This, I snd to Mr. Pratt, may account for the want of young coni- fora that might be expected to spring up annu- ally in the borders of this grove. . {Vill not tho Acndomy of Natural Bcionce send a committoo to interview these romarkable troes, and lenrn somothing moro of their natural story ? Our next visit was to THE PATOI OF D, HASMOND,, - ono of tho presont Railway and Warohouse Com: misnionery, . located Abuufi _two miles eabt of E]fln, and on tho line of the Chicagh & Pacific Rallway, now in process of conatrution. . Thiy farm contains 820 acres, and is divided by Poplar Oreek; o small stream that, in the early sottle- moht of tho country, furnished water-power for a saw-mill, that wns located dt Hoosier Grove; but now the stream {s B0 uncortain ii its f&tor- rupply*that no such rolisnce can bo placed upo ity Ao valloy of tho ptream may bo 100 foot bolow " tha ° prairie,” ' whoro it has ciit down thtough drift and into thb soft limestono proviously méntioned, ~At. Galooa this limestono is known as tho load-bodring 166y a5 tho lead i mined from its fissures and caves; but here it is & Bofk, brittle limostono, onsily broded by frost or ‘water, and, liko all limostone strata, 8 well adapted to a?rings, and thoso are ?uitu constant throughout the thols yoar. . Bo far a8 tho springs aro comcerried; the brool koops an evon flow, while the sufaco-draihhge is dependent on rainfalls thdt dash into the stresm, making it a-torrent onb day, and & taind aftair tho noxt; It s the gamo stzoam whore thé min- ister's wife slipped through his fingors, and was floated down against the fence, & corpse. Itis thoe springs that Mr, Hammond is to roly upon to maintain his flshery. Not only thoso that coma out of the hill-gides on his own farm, but ho can turn tho" whole stroam into his ponds, with a'fall of some 10 foet. His plan is to mako bastns of maso; on the bottom-lands of tho creeck, and load tho waters to each througha ylpe.—thun knnpln{g an oven flow, scoure from he danger of flooda, Of course, tho springs from tha hill-sides will have a succession of basins, ono below the other, so #8 to mako tho bost nas of the wator, Mr. H. hus o breeding-honse whero thero fs room for 100,000 swarms, and largo tanks for tho young fry. of his basing are of solid mesonry, and arranged for convenience in hand-' ling the fish, the oldest of which is 2 yemrs. Theso vary grcnu{‘in sizo; somo of them are estimated to weigh 1 pound each at this time, “but it {s not probable that thoy would average more than half this size, Mr. H: contomplates making o publio fish- ark in the course of time, but he is one of horo prudont men who look in advavce of their leaps, and has thus far been testing tho water for trout-growing, as well as testing tho expenso. Thaose wha have fish~s{\u\m and young tsh to asell givo us glowing accounts of tho profits of tho business, and thus led men intothe business without counting tho coat. ~As Mr. H. is not in the speculative line, e is loss enthusinstio, but is ZD sanguine that the growing of trout will yob prove a highly lucrative business in all Bultable locations, though it is not safe to osti- mate grown fish to hé worth more than 25 centa & pound at the ponds. Nor is it likely that young fry will continuo to command tho bigh pricothat is now paid for them for the starting of now ponds, The Logislature would do a good thing to a) ropriate, say, §10,000 for tho purpose of stook- ing our stroams with shad and other flsh, in nrfiar to teat ita valuo." If this fish can be bred in the Alabama and other muddy streams of tho Bouth, we may roasonably oxpect success_in the Urpnr Mississippi, the Ilinols, and Rock Rivers. Al loust o might givo some othior fth & thorough trial; oven the whitefish and salmon of the South and of ‘Lake Miohigan might be largely sugmented, It appears (P_mny conelu- sive that the fish that reeort to doep water, as the lake and oconn, romain near tho months of thelr native atroam whero thoro is an sbundanco of food for thom, and at ccrtain periods ravisit the streaw, meinly for spawning, and tl)gaa portods usuzlly cover two or throo months, ‘Tho Buckors of our streams no doubt do this, huvluF apent throo-fourths of their time at the mouth of tho Mississippl, and thus travel somo thou- sands of miles to tholr » mwniu§ grounds. It may, {liereforo, bo & question if; the broeding of thii humble fish would not pay “for its artiticial Propagation in our streama, 0 man should attompt tho businoss without first making & coreful study of the situation, for thero aro many things to bo taken into the ae- count, Who will Iead i this direotion, and who will bo tho Izaak Walton of tho prairio fish- ponds? RuUBAL, . Railrond Awmm“;&-m pecial Dispatch to The Chicago une, Imfi\), 0,, : N’Cl‘l 2,—A mixed ‘train bound north, youtordsy, on tho Lake Krie & Louls- ville ‘Tailroad, and. Bupposed to bo running fastor than schiodule timo over a new track, wus wrocked ab Bluffton, and sovoral porsons wers rn{tonc\l poveroly . injured. As this rond lias no telegraph Knt to Lima, wa oannot say how bad it was, but the atterngon expross south did not ar- rive horo, the passongers boing sent horo o country wagona. S Worth, tho he-milliner, of Paris, is not worth a cont, owing to his Intimaoy with * King Iba- raok ' aud othor vastobonrd monarchy. m—— AN INVOLUNTARY ROAST. ] . ; River 3treot Coffee nnd Splce Mill, 8 Alout (58,000 Worth of Goods Damagod ) =s-Insuranco, - $36,000. | Fire in o ¢alng; Abotik hfléptal 6 o'olock, & fira ifaverad in thoithird foor of Noo. 25 and 21 Rivor streat, ocoupled by Btophons, Collins & Co., coffea and apice donlers, - Whon discovered tho flamos woro confined to the third floor, but beforo thoarrival'of the dopartment they had sproad to tle fourth atory and had communls ¢atod to the roof. Saveral atroams of water wore, At bnoa turned on, but, it beooming apparont that thoro was dangor of tho flames obtalning the mastory of tho firomen, & socond nlarm was sounded, DBofors It was responded to, howover, tho firo was almobt eibdiod, and the socond dlgrm did little goadi; « : Thb fird originated in a coffoo-rossior, in tho front part of tho third floor, and, from indica- tions, had boen smouldoring during all of yes- torday. What caused it is s mystory. There 'waa no fire in that portion of tho building, al- though an- intonso -heat was forced into the roastor, by tho engino in the bagomont, when the roastor, was .in uso, and thero hed beon no hoat foteqd Iinth thp machino binco 4 o'clock on Satur- doy sfternoon. 1t Is bolioved,'howover, that the firo bogan in'tho roaster at {ha timo, and had beon smouidering up to the timo it broke out. Tho proprictors of tho storo had muod A0 axponse. mako their ronating machfuery portectly fire-proor, and tho insur- anco mon have rogarded tho fmfldlng 23 ono of tho eatost in tho city, Bhoot iron_covered ovory pléaco of wood which wns exposed to the hoat, and the firo {8 but another cvidenco 'that we can ouly syproxiimnts toward firo:proof bulldings. . Mr, . Btophens, tho soplor pactner, was ¢hod only momber of the flrm prosent last ovon- ing, and from bim our roparter.learncd the fol- lowlog_particulars rogas “F tho amount of property destroyed, and tho insurance. + Tho probable” loss on tho stock and fixtnres will bo $8,000, and on the building, which was ownod by Mathow Laflin, Eed, 8500, Tho stok and fixtures werp insured for. 36,000, . divided, in part, . ag fol- ‘lows: fire Asgociation “and Ponnsylvanin CQompanies, of Philadelphia, 81,000 0nch ¢ Conti- nontal, of NowYork, 52,0003 Matual, of Newarl:, N. J., 3,000 Brewors' and Malstora', of New York, 83,00 Madrket; of Now York, $2, York, 92,000 ; Commercial Union, of London, 83, Arctio, of Now York, §2,600 ; Adriatic, of, Pliladslplia, '85,000; The' romaintog 914,000 could not.bg learned: . % The building was fully insured in AMillar & Drow's Agonoy: - Tho gflnclpal loss was from wator, the bulld- ing boing floaded, The Fire Patrol, asusual, did excellont sorvico, by covering tho atock with their tarpaulins; g > et 4 Cupt. Bullwinklo was cut on 'the right check by » fallihg timber, but was not seriously in- 0 ; Morchants', of Now jured. 5 The sdjoining stores suffercd no loss. OVERLOADING ‘A:HORSE, u e To the Xdilor of The Chicago Tribune: ! " Sm: Doos the evidence of expaits, given in the case of Tho Peopla v. Thomds Alurphy, fores . mian of Col. Btockton's stable, .settlo the quos- tion of what ia o load for two horacs of a given weight ? Whon ono testifies that 500 pounds is a goodload for two horacs, the othors vary all of opinion’ obtalns among exports,. in it not ovidont that some other way of testing the quas- tion must bo found :bofore. any deflnito conclu- sioncanbe had ? ‘Does any: ono beliove that six tons I8 a fair load for any team of horses, bo they éver a0 good, welghting 2,800 pounda ? It I8 & rulo acknowledged among humane horsomon in the old- countries, and oven in somo parts of this, - that twico his own waIEht ig oll & horse should be required to draw, taking the very bost alroumstances into ¢onsideration. * But, tho truth is] that tho woight of n horaois 0 -sure critorion fzy which to'judge tho amount fle inable to draw, any more than the weight of s man' is s rule Which: we- mny know “the bpifions of theeo experts to govern.us, there coutd bo 1o auch thing as oveilonding. If'a doz- on porspne sat a team of horaos rooking with awont, and woak .and_trembling from fatigue, upon our streets, conld any number- of oxports tavo, by, ihathomatical catoulation, tho fact that the horkén were ovorloadod ? ‘Thoro stand the poor animals, sdying, s plainly as language can’spoak it, o aro overioaded,” and & nurm- bor of bystandors may tostify to the fact. But {ha interested expert at?! up and says, * Thoeo oraes weigh 8,800 pounds, and that load weighs only 5,000 pounds; - Now, I havo had ten yoars' experionco in toatning, and I know those horses can dray 7,600 or 8,000 potindd, Thorofoto thes are not overloaded; they are not fatigued an overworked. And thebystander must disbelieve tha testimony of thoir own- sonses, in doforence to the opibion of the expert. In tho same way, tho- atrest-okr Librae may ‘bo proven well used, nevér overloaded, altliough his kneos are orook~ ed, his ankles strained, his feot i mass of soros, and his torm of life shortened to threo years. Yook over- our city, and seo'ths hundreds of horses sillioted with all the diseasen to which horse-fiesh is hoir, and toll us the source of thia supply . of old, lamo, and blind - horscs. 'J.‘Eu oor coal-tartiian did not bring his old, decro] Rnn’s to its present conditionj he never ownod s good horso, - If there is ‘any orime in tho gight of tho Creator for the condition of that horse, the criminal -will be found in more re- spootable quarters. Tho source of this supply ot old and dildpldated animals is in some of the organized systems of ocruelty in our midst. These horses are it tun ‘on our streots in splendid condition, drawing the énormous loads spolten of by éxperts, and, when brokon down, oro gent to the shambles to be sold to. do the donporate drudgery of the coal-tart of scaven- ger-wagon, And zot'\va olaim to be s Christian peaple, animated arens The only remedy for tliis state of ‘things is to exclude the testimony of those exports from our courts, and take only the witnessof persona who soe the animals at the time the complaintis made. Tho condition of the horse -befors or aftor & complaint of this kind ‘can with no pro- rioty disprove the complaint. ‘He is' not sald go bo _overloaded before the nct, nor will it be deniod that rest will omov all visiblo marks of cruolty. g The following tostimony on this matter we find in * Bishop's Commentarica ‘on tho Iaw of Btatutory Crimes."” (Boston, 1878:) : * Can on expert, or any number of oxports, say what s the limit of tio strength or enduranco of dny hovsg, simply by knowing his Wolght7 It sooms o mo tha! theno questions can bo casily answored, Harues, ik ‘men, aro of difTerent agos, constitutions, bemporamente, formiations, and degrees of atrength. Ono horse, Just like ono man, msy be tivice as fast, twice s tough, twice ns strong, as snother of procisely the same wolght; ‘ond, inaemuch os horses,” ke men aro liable to'a’ great varloly. of sicknesscs, suffer, just lke men, from previous overwork- ing, ~and from heat, want of propor [reat, 1004, water, shalior, and care, it follows that the ssme horeb, like {he ssmo man, may bo ablo o perform ‘withohit injury more lsbor in ona_dsy than snother, Tow. thon, i wo dotecmitne whien & horss in over- Toaded ; Juat exactly and precisely as_ts determina wwhen a'man 16 operloaded, - Firat, wo are o {ako bis own evidence, If a man stops and says : * X am over- Toaded : T am working too hard ; I fool that the task put upon mo ia too heavy," that is ovidonce, Bo, when tho florso, ordinarily kind snd wiling to' pull, comea wilhi n heavy load to s Tiso of land, und, after one or two_offorts, stops, and says, a8 plainly as he can sposk i, “Ini overloadod ; I mn working too hord I fool'that thotssk put unon me i too heavy,"— thiat's ovidenco; and thoro {4 not s court, or ury, or man, with the heart of G man, who will not rocogize it aw'auchs, Teatdes, tho signs of over-work are just as vieiblo in {he horse as the man, No nagistrale or juror would have any diffculty in deciding in his own mind whether « cage to which hia attention might ba attracted 15 our pubifo atreet, 1caa or waa not & easo f cruelti. It in porfectly evident, then, I say, that the highest and beat ovidoniee which sny court ot jury cun ask, o posaibly obtalu, in caso of over-loading, over-work- Fo e or ver-drlving, s tho evidenco of 1o horse bimn- solf, as intorpreted by thoso presont when the crusly In ifilcted, Tho testimony of tho expert looks at tho ut- most limits of tho strongth of tho horae, or, at Yeat, of the mmount of labor, in kind o Jugmo the fiorso can perform to realizo tho groates amount of profit to his owner. The humani- tarian looke at suffering of tho horae, and tho means of alleviating it.” And no amount of ro- wspeotability that smrounds a_cruel act ahould gereon 1t from {ts meriled pem\lt{. Janes L, BRARsoX, ‘Agent Huwae Soclety. Big nm.out.c ; - From the Sapinaw (Mich,)! Courler. ‘Tho Bason County Jiecord, g:\h\l_nhm\ at Tud- ington, on Lake Michigan, at the Wost eud of the Fot . M. Rallway, has tho following: 1Tho largost, ran made by auy will in the Boglnow_Valloy Jast yoar, was by Soars & Hol- tho way to 12,000 pounds. When such difference | 0; hxchlngobflor New York, $2,000; | amount of labor ho oan: perform. Taking the | . y-tho spirit of the lowly Naz- |. lond'a mill, which gut 16,000,000 foet. Crapo'd mill, at Tlint, out 17,970,000, Tho largeat oub mado by any mill in the Blats way mide by the old North mill of I, B. Ward, in this clty, which out, in 178 days, 10,180,027 foot, 1, ’m,lyd'l mord than thio Crapo mill, Tha nveragodally out 107, 498 teat 3 host day's woik 186,010 foot, 'I'hd luhle bor oul, was nonrfy all onn .ayd “tied, ihéh . atooli Timproyomontg arg Jelugs tundoe whicli trill odist pldorahlv inoronso its capacily for the coming acason,” " . Onr mills, Inst season. dinpdvantnges, Thoy did not run n_{all saagor ltn miuy. of thein, Jind, Inddnquite, nn‘xpfldn- loga, ~\Wo vontilta to gy tlint * during’ tho -comis ing sontion, at lonst two or threo mills on the river will Bhow n rocard.that cannot bo oxceededs Tho MoGraw mill, if comploted, will have a oapacity of 85,000,000 to 40,000,000 feot. THS, AR AR MBI s LARMON, On Sundey morsing March 3, at Tho zorl- donaoof J, M. Marshall) %0 Indinna-av., Jamos Ler. wmon, fn tho §8(h yonr of s pga. Trlonde of tho famtly nve [avitod to attond tho fanoral onday Aftarnoan &t halt-past 4 o'cinc, Tho romains will bo takon fo Russolivills, Ky., for intorment, UPDIKETa Monton, Uranao, Sunday marning, March %, In thodath yoar of iy e, Fraierlok 1% Updiks, young: Iabored under many dst aon of Mrx, P, L, Updiko, and hrothor of Honry :{;‘a ulr'.:rlnn . Updiko and Mrs, Qoorke A, Beaverns, o nollys AU(TION SALESI A, BULTERS & CO., SALB OF By W Real Estato & Stocks, . DY Wt A BUTTERS & C0s On MONDAY AFTERNOON, March3, at 8 o'clock; . t65 and 67 Bouth Canl- Valuable Residence Lot On Twonty-soventh-st., wesl of State, belng Lot No, 71 in Adams' Subdivision. Torms, 8100 Coposit at timo of sala; balaroo, J§ oasl, 3 15ear. Titlo porfeot, Lots in Highland Park. 40 DESTRABLE RESIDENOE 10TS; ‘West of Rallroad,: at RIGHLAND PARK, Al dash. Titlo portact. - : 8 DWELLINGS--TRVING PARK, {(Commutation Faro 7 conts), AND 50 FELT FRONT LOTS, O tho principhl avonuos, Tormis easy. i5 LOTS, BACE 50 FEET FRONT, On tho principal avonuos, Torma oasy. Norwood Park. ONE-HALF OF BLOOK 63, TEBMB EASY, STOREY'S MILWAUKEE-AV, SUBDIVISION, (Mitwaukoo-av, and Diversay-st). 14 LOTS IN BLOOCIX 1. Titlo porfoot., Abstract with oach Lot. e In Daldwin Davis' Addition to ITRYING FPARE, ~ Good proporty—torms oasy. turday, Oatalogue rogdy on, B HF¥ins & 0O., Austionoers. On Monday, March 3. Watches, Diamonds, ' Gold Jewelry, &c., Held 88 collatercl by the New York "Loan Office to be sold AT ATUCTION, On MONDAY, Maroh 8, at 10 o'clock, at 63 and §7 South: O % - o ‘WM. A, BUTTERS & 00., Auctionoérs. . ON MONDAY MORNING, MAROH 8, * As 34 Ouithh Poorls-st., MQRTGAGEE'S BALE Household Furniture, By WM. A. BUTTERS & 00.. Auotfoneers. + Balo commencing at 10 a'elock, On Tuesday, March 4, At 55 & B7 South Canal-st., T A COLLEOTION OF Fie 011 Painings, BY WM. A, BUTTEES & 00 Salo commonelng at 3% o'clook. ON WEDNESDAY, MARCH 5, At 25, 37, 20 and Bl Weat, Washington-st., Buggies, Bxgress Wagons & Haroess, By WM. A. BUTTERS & 0. -Bale commenoing at 10 o'clock. ON TIURSDAY, MATOIL 6, At 55 and 67 Bouth Canalst., Dry Coods, Clothing. Frs, &c. By WM. A. BUTTERS & CO., Auctioncors. ‘GEO. P. GORE & CO., 2, 24 and 26 Randolph-st., ‘Wil offer at Auotion, on TUESDAY, March 4 An Invoice of Dress Goods, An Invoice of Hosiery, An Invoice of Crash. Algo, Notions, Table Outlery, &o. s BALE AT 95 A, M, 503 WABASEI-AV. MARBLE-FRONT DWELLING. OHATTEL MORTGAGE BALE OF Hlegant Housghold Furnitue, ‘Marble-top Chamber Bets, Parlor Buits, ‘Bureaus, Sofus, Lounges, S8ideboards, bio-top Tables B e e tomaian Tablds, Ico Chost, irrors, Brugsels and Three-Ply Oarpots, filver-plated are, - An Blegant Piano Forte, 00st $600, On TUESDAY, March 4, st 10 o'clock. G. P, GURE & 00., Auctionosrs. CATALOGUE AUCTION SALE, On Wednesday, March 5, At 9:%00'clock a, m., of Boots, SToes & Stippers Retailors who desiro to know how wide the margin is between CASH and ORBDIT, should not fail to attend. GEO. I'. GORE & 00., 23, 24 and 20 Randolph-st, By T. 8. FITCH & CO. REAL ESTATE AT AUCTION, Rogular Weskly Balos at our Salesroom, 167 Doarbora: e ‘eory Watdnoduy. 8¢°3 oclodle . ot Partlouiarsai o3, Tiriug 1n Four st. Apacial aitontion glven out-door salov, - T B, FITCH & CO. J. M, REYNOLDS, Auctioneer, ‘Wil sol! out thie Housohold Goods of 533 Wabash-ay, this morning at 10 o'clock ; also, 0 gross knivos, CONSTABLI'S SALE, By virtuo of an ottachmont ordor of salo, T will, on ‘Wadnosday morning, Maroh 8, at 10 'clock a, m,, ssll ay auotion, at No. 410 South State-st., tho following do- soribod property, to wit: Two Blaok Walnut Counters, one lasgo Blaok Walout Joo Box, Mnrblo Top Washstand, largo Oooking Ttango comploto, larga ftaves, lot Glas, Fixtures and Chandeliors, ona Awnluy, thirty Tables, 1 Onno-sentad Oliatia, ot of Crookeeys Glasmaro, Ham Gaitors, Knivos, Rork, Bpoous, a0d a lob of uiscellang: tlolos, tho'elfoote'nt a firvt.clams Rost t. Sagn anie gy o e il Ooustabio aid Austiotoer, -