Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 24, 1873, Page 8

NEW VORK - 5 ~ - The Correlation of Meteorology and Mor- ality--Discharged City Oficials a8 Criminals, ] Book-Making as a Business---The Reg- .- ular and the Subscription Trade. . Literature a3 o Fashion---How Brain~ less Women Follow It, | * The Value of Horacs Greeley’s Bs- tate---Decline of Lecturing... Nzw Yons, Feb, 20, 1678, From Our Owen Corresvondent, Tho crimos and diseases of n large city aro eald to Do proportionod to tho soverity of tho season. The meroury in tho vicinity of 100 des Braos, or bolow zoro, causca hygionle and ethis <al dorangomonts of nn alarming oharactor ; the twa seoming to bo correlatod, ond, indoed, intor~ - depondent. Wo are drifling toward material- -18m stoadily ; for, pleasant as {doalism sy ba to contemplato, it will not, gonorslly, bear analy-~ y8is, Dut ‘wo aro getting at truth,~by what means ia af Jittle import,—and ero long wo may regard tho thormomoter ag our trustworthy codo of morals, 5 . THE EFTEOT OF WEATHER ON ORIME. “The extromo cold of tho preaent wintor muat “partinlly account fot the exaoss of crima in this vommunity. Botting aslde tho atmosphoic offoot upon tho norvous system and corobral functions, it hos o direot influenco upon such of tho poor 28 aro unsorupulous, by deteriorating their con- _Qition, and intensitying tho strugglo for exist- onco. Thousands of persons havo beon out of cmployment this soason, and many of thom have, very naturally, proforred stealing to starvation.s Others, through tnforced idlonesa, have fallon into morbid moods and violous hablits, and, by -the aid of tho omniprésent rmm-shops, have beon guilty of overy species of iniquie y. Tho yprincipal malofactors wra the quondam Tammany officials, who, deprived of their pinocures in and sbout the Oity Hall, ‘bave turnod their attention to the pocket-pick- Ings, incondiarism, burglary, and throat-cutting. This is not, as it might bo inferred, a now call~ ing for them it {a simply & return to tho old and familiar, ‘fhoy wore criminals before they ‘woro appointed to ofico, and thoy aro criminals agnin atter their compulsory rotiroment. * X presumo therearo Tammany philosophers who ‘would agree,from tho ovildone by the discharged adhoronta of William M. Twoed & Co., that thoy ’should have boon lkopt in place, and that the public good might thoroby have boon conserved, Other porsons, less_biased, would hold that the ‘xuffians and scoundrels should bo troated to a “doso of Justico, instead of boing encournged by impunity to violate law in tho most wanton man- ner. Buch medicine fs scldom administered here. Wo havo apasmodio assortions of legal practice ; but they aro abandonod befors they do any permoncut good. The police ssy moro than & thousand men who used to * wpay ‘from Tammany axe now actively engage.. i dls- honost modes of living. In placqof proying . upon the municipal trensury, they proy upon Tivate citizens, Tobbing dircotly now, instend of directly as formerly, Z : A CONFUSED FOET. . An amueing atory is told of the post Whittier, ‘Who i8 as modest a8 ha is gifted. He was in the ity not long sinao, and went to hoar tho Rov. E. ‘H. Chapin speak & lecturo somewhere up-town, The clergyman was cloquent 83 usual; fliu dis- courso, intorlarded with highly-wrought passagos of rheloric, doai:fi with o stirring pootical quo- tation, 80 woll delivered that the Quaker bard spplatded with tho rost, * Bome ono sitting next him inquired, * Do you know M. Whittior, who 1a the sutior of that b 0 “No; Idonot. Itsounds familiar, and I like the sontimont.” ¢ Why, tho linos are yours, Mr. Whittier, You must remember thom. Thoy are from your famous anti-slayory odes.” ¢ 8o thoy are,” said Whittier, after s littlo ros flection, and blushing like o school girl caught reading hor first love-lottor, I mn{ll; did not resall thom. Indeed, they sounded 8o much bot~ ter than mu{ oyer sounded boforo, that it ia not strango I failed to recognizo them,” ¥ The poet, thoroughly sincere, did not recover for somo timo from tho embarrassment of out- ':'dé{ nccillmlng Klluist own eflmpgqitlol]l(; 3‘1“ has now come to regard it as so good a joke that I talln $t of bimagit, goala) Joke thnt ia THR DOOK-TRADE, You have, probably, noticed’ that soveral of the publishers lavo added o subscription-de- partmiont {0 thoir business,~among othiors, Ap- Ploton & Co., Bholdon & Co., and Scribner, Arni- strong & Co.” How thoy will succeod in'it ro- mains to bo soon, though I should think the experiment vory doubiful, James It. Osgood & ‘0., Lee & Bliepherd, and ono or two othor Boston houses, Lavo triod it, without satisfac- tion. Bnbucu%hon hns-an advantago over the reguler trade, bocause the boolks avo carried to the buyor, instead of waiting on tho ehelves for the buyors to como to thom. The agents recoive &8 commission on a£3 or £3.50 volumo from 81 t0 BL.50; 0 thoy Liayo n large intorest in tho gale, anda corresponding dogreo of enorgy. This does very wall whero hooks are not dis- Posed of in tho rogular way; but, whero they aze, tho subacription-systom, it would bo aup- posed, might conilict. T'he subseription-housos —Hartford is tho centro of the busincss—usunl- K:gnnngn bub ono work at & time,—using all eir facilition and n{)pfilnc«m to working it off. The regular flrms, of thelurgerkind, publish ono or two works a week, which would appear to bo quite a8 much as they could manago without taking on any additional responeibilitios, Doubtless, the regular houses Lave obtained the ‘iden that the subscription-donlors make large amounts of money. Thess havoboon vory rosporous, but not rocontly. Of some twolve i in Hartford, only two are at present doing anything of consequence,—tho others being idlo, or nesrly o, 'l’hu{ cannot eell Looks as fore merly. Thoy considered, a fow years mince, 8 sale of 20,000 copies merely modorate,—nothin, to boast of. Now thoy would think it oxcellent, They have been in‘“the habit of disposing of about ten copies to every oneof tho regular houses ; but now the proportion is much less, Few persous not suthors are awars of the slender profits of litorature. Asn rale, no equal amount of work, omitting the question of ability and culture altogether, produces so small & re- turn. ost the onl f; way a proicssional writer can render his labor in the least remunor- ativo is to do it firt for & magazino, which will weually yield him much more than the magazine | artiles collected and put between covers. From the magazine he may got from €500 to §1,000; Irom the book, about one-fifth of that amount. Publishing his MBS,, as & volume, Lo receives perhapa 100 to $200—probably nothing—for months of tho soverest toil, Oracking stono on the highway is coining monoy compared to this, No man can afford to do it wfm can do anythin, elae. To undertako it, ho must bo Indopoudent 4n fortune, or, practically, a vory poor devil. Paragraphs are constantly floating about, au- mounciug the immonso Iiroma of thia or that writer upon some bool that hus hardly paid ex- ensos. Tho popular notion scems to I{‘u, that t & work solls 8,000 copios at #3 a copy, tho nuthor must renlizo at loast §10,000, The bvor- sge arithmetio is uingullrly bowildored whon it | 48 applied to litoraturo. Yxperlenced publishe o8 will tell you that not eno book in ton_gots out of ita_frat edition (1,000 copios), and ‘ot one in one hundred roaches its ffth thousand. Ten per cont iz o Landsome royalty toan au- thor; #0, if he have tho unusual good luck to reach and exhaust his fifth edition (his volume polling at §2), he will make $1,000, ~L'his is so zare an exception that it canuot be counted mpon; and yot the labor could scarcely be in- vosted in any mannor in which tho intorest re- turned would be o small, Tho mojority of ~olumes printed yield nothing to their writera, It is tho custom of &mbl.luhnru to giva s percent~ sgo aftor tho second thousand, which is nover zosched; and so literaturo, for the most part, has wu, anxiety, and disappoiniment for it res Wi fhoy who ombark in book-making in the bfipolglbsnli“ nruul}n wh!ivr 3‘(3 ho‘wlll im vzhn should begin writing opics & view to payin, off tho national dul\%. o g TUE FABUION OF THE IOUR, thought pathops and they. $ukn gvars wwanin tu appoltt Buld, oy wrlts somo w) ‘(::rllntory. ?‘\\dlnh.lu\vyu]xfm 10 A0 Niotiod rhymde, hoy partioularly eultivate mon of th sorl) for hin vim!m apinion, whlnh‘ 5.‘0:;}.]':’1‘1:‘]: ho {1 too Emmn toglyo. 1Ta conrtoounly unyn the compasltion ls o trifle orndo, for want of tha proper oxporlonco, but that tho ldons ara dipital, aut Wi & TUAS Couehing, Wil b bieaty b, itablo. o s nslod to do (s toncliny, sud ho doos {t3 which connluts I rowrillng (i Wholo changhig (& completoly i thonght, trentmens’ and oxpression, ho would-bo. author s doe lighte t ahd, whon told, with nll the effrontary. of gul autry, that iho wpirit nnd $orm of tho gul nal aro onrefully presorved, sho protonds to u] ova it, Ad n furlher ool of kindnoss, ho is askod it ho eeniiot gpob the MS. printed in n lwrrw or Mdfrazine; and ho immodiatoly ao- tomplishes the thing, nccompanying tho publica- }mh with Mise' or Mrs.' namoe or initlals. l:lmn lor Titorary raputation is establishod. From that dny sho crams from tho cycloprdln ond other books of referdneo, and can bo hoard Elvlug her opiulon on Dante, Goothe, or Solnt- orb in the exact languago of tho authorities shp hau conuulted. Othor litorary ladios (sic) galn tholr end mora directly, “Thoy omploy some_professional to writo thelr poems, romanoos, and skotohos, af n flxed prico, atipulnting that Lo shall keop thieir socrot. ‘Tha work is dono, tho monoy mel. aud - tho scripture npimnrn In tho —— Wournal, or othor minor ern y with n wnrm aditorial com- mont upon ‘ our gifted contributor.” Womon who never harbored an ides are now crodited with Fhllosflphlu thoorios and with refutation of Darwin’s position. Thoy who trip in tho sim- plest phrases are sot down ns dramatists, and thoso who can not pronounce * Monsiour,” are rur‘rnsuutnd ns translators from the French; ‘Whio snya that wo live in an age of sham, or that wo aro not whab yo show # . BALATAGUNDT, ‘The Jubllas sngora liaye agein drawn immenso nudiencon hord, Though. their concorts appoar & good deal like Mothodist rovivals, they are {us toresting from thoir novelty. Very few of our prima donuns havo such naturally rich, sweet Voicon as these colored girls. It i sald—with how much truth, I know not— that soveral musical and dramatic oritics on tho tho litorary frlond daily pross have baen arraignod by tholr oms ployors for lovying blnckmnil upon managors, and that they afo to bo summerily discharged. ‘Thoso in position to bo thoroughly informed, say that tho estato of Horace Greoloy ia worth from 9140,000 to $150,000,—perhaps more, but cortaluly nothing Joss ; and that it can bo sottled without any trouble, snd with vory small ox- ponso, Tlio Intost dotormination of the Fyibunestook- holdors {8 to pub up their now building uoxt summor, They hisd been sotting asido a portion of their dividonds for two yonra pust for that purposd, and thoy bave on hand §300,000, which .will Lo about the cost of thoe strncture, - Lecturing Is not, ver{’ rofitable this soason in thia_scction, The publio scems to bo getting tired of the lecturors, and the leoturers to bo gotting tired of tho public. Bomo of tho bast, on tho list throaton to give Wp tho system of ftinorant ogotium ofter this yoenr. From a lim- ited nxPnrlencB, X can conscicntiously sny it is a bora all around. Bothern's ** David Garrick” draws larger audi- encos to Wallack's than have been knoywn thero for yoars, and tho theatro s alwaya fall. Tho };}ui'lpmmincn to run for at loast almndred its, 'E‘lm question now dgitating cortain theological circlea 15, Can & miniator of the Gospel witnoss tho ballot, and calling? 'Jarrett and Palmor eay he can, if ho will seoure n sont early, CoLsTOUN, NEW PUBLICATIONS. Forces of Nature, « THE FOROES OF NATURE. A Poronin INTRO- DUOTION TO THE STUDY OF PHYSIOAL PIENOMENA. liy Amrpos Guiniemmr, Translated from the Yrench by Mrs, NonuaN Looken, sud Edited by J. NoruAd Looxyen, Beribner, Welford & Arme sirong, Now York, This {8 5 well sud plainly-written and copiously-illustrated volume of 680 pages, royal actavo, It contains oxplanations of tho loading phenomena produced by the operation of the forces of Gravity, Light, Hoat, Magnotism, and Electricity, with chapters on Sound and At- mosphorio Meteors. The author hus succooded in dopicting the phonomens, and in making plain to the popular comprehension tho way in which tho lawa of tho forces have boen obtained by oxperimont and reasoning. The translation bas been well and faithtully performed, ‘and moat of the French mansures supplemented by their American equivalonts. Tho work {8 = valuable acquisition to the li» brary of tho genoral roader who wishos to bo well informed, not only about things, but the | rensons of things, without burdening his or her mind with too much of technlcality in descrip- tion or proof. Tho atyle of the author is suffi- ciontly well known from his provious works ; but it is duo to this.volumo to say that it is written in the enmo intorosting mannor, whilo it is moro uviformly acurato in its oxpressions of quantity than some of tho works that hava pro- ceded it. The author has followod bis subjects out to tho latost detormioations of rosult, which csunot be said of his yolume on * Tho Heavens,” Tho one gront faulf of the bool is its cost, ‘which ia so high (£12.50) as to pravent it from taking the placo which {t really desorves, as a popular introduction to an acquaintanco with tho forces of Naturc, 'And the fault is all the grouhu' bocauso 1o inconsiderablo portion of ho cost of getting up the book is due to the employmont of unnecessary engrav- ings. No ono will cousidor it nocessary that, in & disgram 1-a£msunting‘ the appoarance which o vibrating string .m8sumes, as in o piano or violin, the suthor should givo an elaborato portrgiturd of a man who is watching the movement (Imgu 146). The very noxt pnge contains an equally uncallod-for portraiturs of tho buman form, as do several other pages. Of conrso somo of the human fig- ures that are introduced nid somewhat in the To be litorary is the fashion. Tho sillieat pircles of mociety here wre affected by the intpl- {fi-'fi"l oontagion, especkally women w{:o haveno ng, It iu the highoat ambition or cortain un- cultivated maidons, ang matrons, too, to bo doscription, a5 whoro & man is listoning nt o foous of sound ; but it is not too much to en; that fully one-belf of the illustrations aro noed- lossly expensive. The objection hero notoed is all the more forai- blo ns the work is, in many places, exceedingly elomontary in its charactor,—just tho thing to Do perusied by those who have not oujoyod the advinlages of o techulcal cducation. = Now, thedo are the masscs, who, 8 a rulo, cannob af- ford to pay for tho work. Tho man or woman who haa pastod through plane goometry, and al- gobra as far a8 quadratic equations, could cortalply bear considorably . more of mathematics than is given in thig book in the chapters devoted to Gravity and Light. The most approprinte placo for such & work i8 in tho handw'of tho feacher of Natural Belence to the massos. To all such, it will Prova nmost valuablo compendium of tho fects in tho history of research, 28 well a8 of explana- tion (uot always proof) which is suited to tho average comprehension, and would Jrove to bo literally *“ worth its weightin gold,” as a help in accounting intolligontly for the loading phe- pomena in physics. Perlodicals, The Half-Yearly Abstract 0{ the 2Aedical Sciences, which ia editod by Willism Domett Btone, and published by Honry O. Lea, of Phila- Qelphia, hos been issued for January, 1873, The resent number contains 283 difforent ar- iclos, on the widest range of topica of pmndcal modicine, pathology and™ thern- peutics, _surgory, and midwifery. They oro treatod of undor theso heads: Reotlon 1— Goneral Quostions in Medicine, such us the treatment of homorrhugio malarinl fovor, the dangors to whioh the sbuse of alcoholio drinks may glve rise, ote, Boction 2—Spooinl Quostions Concerning tho Norvous, tho Respiratory, tho Ciroulatory, the Aliméntary, tho + Qanito- Uricary, and tho Cutancous Byn- temil, ~Bootion B8—TForonsic Medicino, wndor which are included ensos of poisoning and tho trontmont of lunntics. Seotlon 4—Lhorapoutics. “Tho Socond Part disousses goneral quostions in ikyory, und apeolnl quostions, ns those concorn- ing the hend anud nock, the trunk, tho ppor ox- tromity and tho lowor oxtromity, = I'art Chird in aboat Midwifory and tho Disontos of Women awd Obildrey). Thero articlos aro carolully seleotod from the rocords of Dritish and Continontal modicing, and aro followed by a very full and valunble | ndex. The nw ubers of Lillell's Living Age, dntod ro- spoctivoly i ¥ob. 8 and Fob. 15, contaln the follow- ing notewor thy articlos: “Mr. Froudo's English in Ireland,* hy W. B, II. Lecky, Macmitlan's Magazine ; **U'he Emporor Aloxandor and tho Polioy of Ru ssin,” Dritish Quarterly Ieview ; “Heoroism," b v C. mnguln‘y, ‘ornhill Magazine ; ““Bomo Curiok ities of Crificism," Fraser's Mag- azine; *‘Tagaiini,” Good Words; *'Fhe Lhreo Intorests in Old_English Literature,” Contempo- rary Review; *A n Ugly Dog," Cornhilt Maga- zing; 1o Thyiporor Napoloon,” Eeonomisly “ Brantome," Cor. hhill Magazine; ** Ovorwork,” Baturday Kevigw; **Dr. Carpentor ‘on Monial Acquisition and Inh erilauce,” Spectalor; togotli- or with {nstallmants , of “11f6 Tiittl Serene High- ness,” tranalated fran, * the Plalt-Deulsch of Fritz rosorve the sncredness of hia | {:nhllet\uuun, and - chojvo vendingn frofn ho bost new books, Iadli liuinbor cou- taing, In ‘nddmunl #omo plonsant_ odito-' I8l writings On - literary foplcs, snd mis- colltnoolis mattor of varled jutoroat, In which fira to Lo noticed tho columun givon to Notos and Quorios,—n fosturo of gush ?ruit intoroat to rendors, tliat n wollsknown Engliall périodical hns sustaligd Heolf by Uild singlo attrne- tiom In thia dopirtment, tho edtor answvors qiidstione of “evory sort concorning books, authors, and quotations. In the Fab- mnryfisnuo, thero fs romo good eritlelam: Tho nted of b longth aro. Lanfroy's * Now “Tha Ocoon,” by Reoluny IFrothing- am's ¢ Tollplon of * Humanllyy" " deorgd Tiivt's" ¢ NMiddloiarch)¥==the_roview of which 1o tho lee eatinfoctory of all; Iudson's * Jour- inlishi I tho Unitod Btates s * Little Iadgo,” ¥ ho nuthot of “Giux'a Iaby;" * Bart Ridge- 1y," n utory of Northorn Oldo; **The Covallor aud i Lady,” by the Duke nnd Duohenss of Noweastle; ““The Truo History of Joshud Davidson,. Communist,”— picco of vory ood oritolont, In" ndditigh t8 theno, hiovo AXe A humber of minor'book noticss. Tha aditor writen in nn enay strain of *'I'ho Writing of Historyi” " Tho Progross of Pootry,” whic hag nob been, ho thinks, any progross at nllj. and “Authors and Publishars.” In “ATow Wordo Porsonnl,” tho ecditor maya thab the Lilerary World scems now to be firmly estab- lished, and that its subscriptions are rapidly in- orensing,—n_success which it deserves, and of which wa ard glad to hear, Tho Ladies' Oton Magazine, editod by M, Corn Bland, pnd_ publishiod lu_Chicago, dasorvos o word of praigo for the oxcollonco of its fashion~ lates, and the valuo of “tho test ot nccompanics them. In the Fobruary numbor thoro aro the following contonts : * Out of tho Shindow,” by Stolla Clifton 3 * A Soquel to Who la to Blame," by Mrs, Wyncoop; * Roaalie,” by Carl Lorson ; * Tho Force of Clrcumstances,™ lfl)‘yCom Wilburn ; "¢ Florenca nghtlnillxln," by " A, Bland; “Love Rovenled,” by o fiv Ladd ; “Tho Discontonted,” by R."R. Englo; “ Good and Bad,” by T, A. Bland ; “Woman in History,” Ly Lythan I, DoWolf ; *Tho Exile's Tomb," by Xlizabeth Richmond; “ W Worl and Wages,” by Aunie Douglas Night," by E. N. H. 3 “TLove Agalnat Liquor," by Kato; Taby's Mission” by Roso Go. ranium; “Solecting & Wifo;" “What is Required of Us,” by M, Warron 3 !The Bfranger,” by Owou' of. Wilson, Jr. ; ' “Homé Lotters,” by Latey Storling § * Fashion 1 * Our Washington Corrospondenico " * Fashion Dopartmont ;" %Loitor Tox; “Housohold Departmant; “Editorial Dopartment.” ‘Wo are indobted to R. D. Russcll, 148 Btato stroot, for copios of Lippincotl's Maqazine the Atlaniic Monthly, Pelerson's Ladics' Nalional Magazine, and budey's Lady's Book, all for March ; and the Tribune Almanae “'THE NEW YORK CANALS. . The Proposcd Xmcrenso in the Rates, of 'Lolls=e=Report to the Now York Produco Exchanges. i A Tho following are the most important parts of the report ¢f Mr. E. H, Walkor, the Stalistican of the New York Produco Exchange, in relation to tho proposed ineronse of tho rafes of Btato tolls on tho canals, and the consaquent diversion of trade from tho Now York canals and Now York Gily. The Erio Canel, from 1826 to 1866, waa the only routo for commercoe botwoen the seaboard and tho Westorn ond Northwestorn States. The Btato cnnn!u‘ a8 por Auditor's report to the Oon- .stitutional Conyontion of 1866, hiad cost on tho 80th of Sopfombor of that yoar, inoluding con- struction, improvomonts, ropairs, msintenance and legal interest on all their exponditures, §210,098,502.85, and their rovenuo, with log: rato of intorest to samo date, was £202,619- 516.08, lonviug n dobt balanco against sl the canals of 37,478,087,72, The Eria Canal had cost to that dato, including logal interoat, S141,- 421,425,283, agalnst a royenuo for the same poriod from all sources, including loEnl interost, of $41,436,400.6%,, Thero waa, nt tho same dato, & debit balanco®igainst the lateral conals, of 848, 016,870,09, including the Champlain Canul, Oryego Canal, Cayuga & Sen $2,060,090,00 5,107,600.03 2,621,890,33 Ghomung Canal, 4,134,010, 14 Grooked Lako Ca 1,269,305.90 Chienango Canal:.. B,413,3(2.60 Black River Cannl $,231,425.73 Geueaeo Valloy Canal... 16,255,207.68 Guelda Lako Canal. ... 212,463,710 Baldwinsvillo Canai, o Tj0260 The Onoida River improyement, the Seucca River towing'path, and the Cayuga Inlot had an ngfirefntn crodit balance of $30,387.17, ndor a provision of tho Constitution of 1846, tho genoral fund Stato dobt Was mado o chargs upon the revenues of tho canals, which provided that 8850,000 bo annually taken for a sinkin fund Yor ita liquidation; nlso, $200,000 por an- num for the exponsos of tho Btate Govornment, Tho }unnml fand dobt included the 3,000,000 first foanod and oftorwards given to tho B Ruilway, to nid its construction. This snnual contribution of 8560,000 has besn takon from tho canal revenucs, with only a fow oxcoptional yonss, since 1846, In years of doficiont harvests, diminished tonnnge and rovenuo, when there wasg not sufticient income from tolls, & tax, to mako good tho doficit, was lovied to meot-the constitutional roquircmonts. During ihe sawme timo the {axes lovied from the poople for canal purposos hinvo not much, if any, exceeded the nggregatoof tho §560,000 annual contribution from tho canal rovenues to the sinking fund of the general fund debt. Tho result is that this grand systom of public works has beon constructed, maintainod, and is ownod by the State, without ' cost to {ho pooplo, - During tho poriod from 1836 to 1872, inclusivo, the valuo of tho property traueported on the the New York cauals, to and from tide water, Ias avoraged about _$7,000,000,000, & sum thrico that of tho presout National dobt. Tho Btato Enginaor, in Lis report transmitted to tho Legislature, Jan. 8, 1872, states that *tho total number of tons moved ono milo on all the cunals and railroads in tho Btaie from 1860 to 1869, inclusive, was 19,602,098,782; of this amount tho caoals, with an average soason of Joss than povon snd a Linlf months in oach year, transported 48 2-10 per cent, or very nearly ono- 1alf; aud oll the railroads in'oporation the wholo timo transported 518-10 por cont. In soveral of theo years tho canuls trausported moro freight in ¢oven and onc-half months than all tho rail- roads in the Stato did in the wholo twelve monthe. In 1860 thoro wero 8,146 milos of rail- Touds fn oporation in thisBtato, aud in 1870 there wora 4,778 tnilos, an increago of 1,027 miles. 9o ayoraga yoarly busineus wpon tho canala for tho nine yours following 1860 19 por_ cont greator than for thab yoor, whilo upon all the railroads of tho Btato the increase hns beon 89 por cont greator than in 1860." . ‘I'he Btato of Now York no longer hagsole aon- trol of tho vast inland commoerce of the country. Thoro have been, siuco 1850, aativo competitars. Tho movemont by way of tho Bt. Lawronco was commenced iu that yoar, aud about that timo the Toufor, and of /e . Two Drothors," Ly MAL Erckmann-Chatrain sotry, and miscellany. Lo Literary World ' B biight mionthly porl odlcul‘ published at o son, und dovoted to five great through lines of railway, reaching the soaboard at Baltimore, Philadelphis, Now Yorlk, Boston, Portland, and Montreal, woro put in ;lrmflcul operation for freight transportstion,. Tho Chesapeake & Ohio Railway las just booun completed, with a shorter lino from Chicago, Bt. Louis, Louisvillo, and Cincinnati, than any of the roads heretoforo montioned. 3 Tho Now Duminion Board of Trade, at o ro- cont sossion, recommended to its Parlismont, nov in seesion, the enlargoment of tio Welland and 8t, Lawronce Canals to dimensions that will ‘pass 1,500 ton vessels, The aggregate movomont of coreala by the 8t. Lawronce routo for tho IourInnr! from " 1850 {o 1859, inclusive, was 19,193,440 bushols, gainst 50,885,700 bushols for the four yoars ended with 1871, an incronse, comparing tho two periods, of 81,692,350 busliols, oqunl to 165 por cent, ‘Tho doliverics of Western grain ab Montroal in 1872 woro 17,028,853 bushols, againat 4,846,839 bushels in 1856, an Incroaso, nmnbmlng the two yenrs, of 12,78{,070 bushols, or 203 per cont. ‘The rocoipts of Wostorn coreals at Philadel- phin, flour Included, for ihe threo years ended with 1808, aggrogated 27,207,604 bushels, against W.Uu’l,flf bushels for tha three yoarsondod with 1871, & galu of 23,709,657 bushels, equal o 84 por oont, ‘I'ho rocoipts at I‘hundclpfxln in 1800 wore were 7,200,615 bushiels, against 24,117,160 bush- oli In 1872, n gain of 10,850,095 bushiols, equal to 232 per cont. 'I'ho rocolpta of grain at New York aggrogatad, for tho txbo youts. ondod with 1858, 115019098 bushols, ngalnst 322,076,898 busholy Tor thotliree onrs endod with 1871, an inoreasa of 42,082,202 ushols, oqual Lo 26 por cent ; while the recoipty at Now Yorkiu 1806 woro 57,044,018 bushels, agninal 90,481,099 bushols In 1872, un_iucrenso, compnring Lho two yoars, of 67 por cont. L'l rocoipts of flour and grain at tidewater by the Krio und Champlain Caunly, for the fowr I\;ul\ru ondod with 1869, wore oqual to 180,059,447 usboly, against 186,451,240 bunhels for the four oars_endud with ‘1871, w gain, comparing ¢the wo poriods, of 96 por cont., The rucuxs:ls of flour and_grain‘at seabonrd Klnrm, including Now York, Buslon, Portind, ontreal, Philadolphis, Baltimore, and .Now Orlenus, for the yoar 1873, woro oqual to 103,053, 117 bushiels, whilo tho recelpts at tidowatur by tho Brie and Champlain Connls were 63,711,200 buchels, or ouly 32 por cont of tho rocaipts ab sonborrd ports. Tho recelpis at seabosrd, ports, othey than Now York, wero 74,074,748 bushaly in 1672, or 46 por cont of tho wholo, “Wio recainty ab Now Yok, flour ingluded, in | . THE CHICAGO DAILY Nterury nowd, critfeal roviows of notoworlhy, 'RIBUNE: MONDAY, FEBRUARY 24, ‘1873, 1879, wore 00,481,913 buishals, of which 8,142,880 bushols woro by railronds, ngaiust 53,711,100 mshols rocolvod at tidowalor by tho Tirlo aud hnmplain Canals, Of the 75,207,387 bushla aof Eaim, 60,670,602, bushols wer Ly tho Hudson tiver ond coantiélsd; A it Tollowing oxhibita tho rocolpts at Inko gorts of flour and grain as eampnred with the recelpts at Now York, and at tide-wator by tho Erio & Ohawplain Oannls t Tvdeoater by » Erfs & CW'n Lisks porte Atw})’flrk. Canais, its 70,009,428 0,300 04,447,421 BA0.00 18, 88,712,783 55,263,100 90,481,021 63,701,100 582,600,183 240,153,310 70,631,337 43,000,408 600 Tatol fivo yoars, 731,003, Averayo fivo yoars, 140,336,404 Of tho 781,602,403 busbels of grain rocolved at 003,458 lake porta durlng five yenrs, 882,606,188 bushels, or 52 per cant wero dufivnm‘d 4t Now York by ol rottes, rail and wator, whilo the doliverics ot tide-wator by tho Lrie & Ohamplain Cansls wero 240,162,340 bushels, or 83 por cont of the aggrogato recoipts at Tako ports. The averngo of thoracelrlsllt Iske ports for the Inst flvo ronrs wag 146,438,494 bushels, against 76,421,237 ushels average rocoipts st Now York, and 48,090,468 buuiula nyerage rocoipts ab tide- witor by the Now York cannls. ‘L'lio tolls wore roduced in "1870, whicls roducs tion has bson continued through 1870, 1871, and 1872. Tho offoct of the reduction is shown by the forogoing exhibit of the comparative ro- cowls at 1ako ports and doliverios at Now York and tide-water, It hos boon claimed by those advocating an advanco in the rates of toll thnb tho earrior obtainod an incronso in froight equal to tho roduction in tolls. In 1869 the toll on wheat and corn from Buflalo to Troy—8456 miles —wa8, at 8 mills on whont aud 23¢ mills on corn, 88 followa: L83 cts, 2,808 cta, 1,932 cts. from Buffalo Teduction por bu, Tho sosson averaga of frolghts to Now York by caunl for five yoars has beon a8 followa:. Wheat, o 16.48 Corn, du. 13.9 In 1800, bofere tho reduction of tolls, tho de- Iivorics of grain at tide-water by canal woro on tho ratio of 20 por cont of tho rocoipts at lake gorm. This ratio hina boon {noreased only about 1¢ por dont by tho reduction, which indicates e(tm tho comptition from rival routes is still strong. It tgkua novw throo or four bushels of corn at its valuo st points’of production beyond tho Mississippi to pay for the transportation of ono bushol of corn to tho sea-board. | Thoso who ad-~ vocate an Incroase in’ tolls go Tor its costing *|.moro than four bushots to trausport one to mar- “kot, or for tho consumers pnying on iucronsed rico for corn, New York consumes 50,000,000 ushols of Ernln_mom por annum than is grown .within hor borders. An advanco in tho rates of toll, and o conséquent advanco in froight chargos, incroaso in "tho -cost of this amount of grain to an aggrogato oxcooding what the State wl{ll deriva in royonue from the increased rato of tolls, "The roport concludes 88 followa : “If the city and Btato of New York desire the trade and commarco of the growing West in ita tull measure of inorease, tho. necossnry nction must b taken to encourago and_invite it by chonp transportation. Tho proposed increaso in the levy of- tolls would be a8 much of o bar to inviting the trade of tho Wost aa a foot loss draught in the Canal. Our legislators at Albany should bear in mind tho causes that havomnade thia the Empiro 8tate, Competition from rivals outside the State is uvor{ your growing atrongor. A cont or two por bushol,’or oven & fractional part of a cent por bushel will change tho curronts of trado, Wise statosmanship should seol rath- or to foster, oncourngo, aud protect this vast and growing inland trade and commerco inatesd ;f lnglinln.fing it into the hands of our compot~ ora, SERGEANT HOFF. Oncof the Iorocs of the Franco-Gers . man War. A Fronch journal says that the namo of Ser~ gonnt Hoff, “was familior to most Fronchman and_ to msny foreigners during {ho siogo of Paris., Ho was ono of those Franc-Tireurs whose exploits sgainst the enomy formed the daily thomo of tho press, and in Paris, ontsido tho walls of which his Lasrdy vontures wero modo, Hoff's namo constantl figurod in the ordor of the duy for his valor and succoss, On_ tho 10th of Novombor, had ho not Lilled with hig own hand more than thirty Prussians ? At Obampigny ‘Hoft suddonly disappeared, and thore was no traco of him loft. A journal took up tho case, informed itsolf of tho fncts ; the revolations were overwholming, ‘The famous sorgonnt was no othor than a spy; bis truo nomoe was Hontzel; ho was First Lioutenant in o rog- imont of Bavarian chassours, His oxploits so ‘yaunted wero easily accounted for, Under cover of his reputation he froely psesed tho French linos and among his comrudos, and thon botray- od the pass-worda.and lemu to the enemy, re- turning with flctitious trophios of rifles and fhel- mots, Invain there wers men who hind been compsuions of his frays who protested Afiniusfi thoso calumnies ; thoy woro not creditod, and tho cry o much thon in use was onco more raised : Nous sommes {rahis ! But it turned out that Hoff was no traitor; ho hed been taken prisoner by the Prussieus and sent into Germany, and had changod his name, #o aa to avert the consequences of s prico which had beon sob upon his liead by tho Prussiang, whose oars a recital of his oxploits had reachod. After four months of eaptivity he roturned to Trance, joiued the army of Versailles, and ro- ocoived o Wound when it entored Paris, which hna ginco disnbled him, Transforred to Mount ‘Valorion, where Lo awaits tho sottloment of his pension, ho related many of tho episodes of his oventful cavoor during the siogo to n contributor to the Revue des.Deux-Alondes, who narratos them in & recont numbor of that periodical. Hoff s su Alsatian by birth, sbout 40 years of ago, middle height, with a good figuro “aud all tho charactoristica of o soldior. o entored tho avmy in'1866, but until tho lnst war he had secn no active servico. When it broke out he was Efirgfluut instructor at. Bolle-Isle-on-Moer, where 0 tioned, Toward tho middio of the month of August e received & Jotter informing him that bis fathor had boen captured snd shot by the Prussians, It turned out oventually that this ‘as not true, but the supposed oruclty of his foos armod him with & bitter Latrea against thom, and the war thoncoforth became o personal question with him, impolling bhim to avengo, a8 Do thought, tho death of his fathor. Among his exploita was ono which occurred during the first doys of tho siego, whon tho Trench, as is known, did not pass outside tho lino of forts, and the enomy bad not noarly ad- yauced to the limita which they occupied aftor- waxds, Tho Beventh Regimont was thon sta- tioned in advance, of Vincennos, but did not accupy Nogont. During tho night tho Prussinn seouts punfiod their reconnoitoring s far as tho illago, and a8 thoy passod ab rapid gallop, the mooulight threw thoir shadows on tho walls, Impatiout to be at work, Hoff addressed himsolf to his chiofs, and with tho utmost diflioulty got his wish, 1fo mustered some fifteon resoluto follows, startod at nightfall, and turning the village, Iay in ambush in a ditch along the courso of "the Muarne, in front of tho first housos in Dry, For four long lours thoy.waited, Al at once a detachmont of caval- ry made its appearance upon tho horse-track coming from Petit Bry; thoy mustored at loast 800, - smoking caroloasly and chutting without lonst approhension of dangor. This was the oritioal momont, At a onu signal the fifteon rifles wero lovoled aud fired. Burprisod within the narrow space. bolweon tho river and the neighboring euclogures, tho Germaus could noither advance nor retreat ; the horses rearod, the riders wers dismounted, and all was confu- slon; whilst & coustant firo poured in upon thou, At length, somo of the onemy's infantry made thoir appearance from tho housos of Bry, nud bogan to roply to the fire, whilst” at the “eame timo _some shols camo from their loft, Dreading that bhia osition would bo turned, Iloff gave the order 0 rolroat, ho himself being tho lnst to leavo. T'ho next morning, according to their custom, the Qormans had romoved thoir dead and wouuded, but fifty dead Lorses atiil remained upon the ground, 1loff usaed tho grontost cars in organizing his expeditions, sud ofton exposed his own life be- fore ngldng that of o comrmle. 1o siarted forth on his oxplorations in the dusk, orawling along hadges or undar cover of tho sheltor of & diteh, and ho availed himself of avory indica- tion, in broken branches, trache upon the horbage, &o,, which' could roveal to him the presence of his foo, 1lo thus approachod the onomy's lines at his lelanre, Howiolimea ho was overhoard, ¢ Ier da?" cried tho sonti- nol. “ Qut jreund!" vopliod ho, in tho samo languago; and tha “good friond” weuld soon emorgo from his concealment, and with.n ainglo blow of his sabro, split his holmet and akull, for thoua sabro atrokos make no nofse. Bomotimos, it g fruo, things did pofymoso .takon for tho branch of a treo, ‘L'wonty-fifth Regimont of the Line was sta- ‘| smoothly ; & sontinel woltld gtvo the alirm, and | thon Is biack aud whito mixed, o a groon blind 1t waa noodful Lo ugo tho riflo. Iloff is ani ox- cellont marksman, it o did not lko to wasto ng n Dk powdor. - =16 i nboy” sold o, 1t In not | red. woll 1o firo too much, o or throo hundren motros is o good distance; at 800 I am sure of | blind, Dy m{vnim‘ Idid bettor than that onco, 1wau with my Licutenaut in o houso of Nogout. * * # On the top of the viaduct upon the olhor hank thero was an object, which st tho distance, four hundrod motren nt tho Tonst, ono would havo T'he Lioutonant took I glnes, *Xtin nman,' said hw, 1 looked in turn #nd shw, pure onotlgly, f.blg, fine follow, with lght whiskors, * I fixed the siyht of my riflo for a rango of 400 motres, pul it to my shoulder, and fired, Ilo sankand roiled over tho parapot Into the orooked way which conducta to tho viaduct from elther sido, In o monicnt ono of his comrades wont to pldle him up, I fired a second umuz tho man dld not fall, bitt, doubtlens, the ball fiust lave been near Lim, forhe flod and nover roturnad. I waitod in vain until eveniog, but tlmy did not dare to romovo thio body until night.” Near tho Nogent, the bed of the Marne s oub by two Islands tho To doa Loups and tho Ilo des Moullns g both of which woro thon hiold by the Gormang, Hoft had froquontly oxplored’ the locality. He discovered on_ one occaslon down tho river a sandbauk covered with broom sud o smnll boat moored. Ho swam accroes Lo it, dis- ongngod tho boat with somo difiloulty, aud thon found two_or three comrades, Hiko himeolf ; a night ouo of fhom divod and rwam under wator to tho 1lo des Loups, fixing tho cord by motna of which the boat could be drawn across. Thoy had no oars, and tho lenst noiso would betray thom, I'rom their scroon of broom whoro they lay conconlod, Ioff and his companions could #eo tho sentinol of tho cnomy marching to ‘and fro with arms in rondiness, Profiting by a moment whon his back was turned, tl u{ leaped into tho bark but wero porceived, although too Iate, for tho shot of the sontinel, who immediately fired, took po offect. Taking occaslon of this incldent, fiftoon mon avatled themselves of tho sholtor of tho arches of the vinduct, passed the Marne in boats and sproad thomsclvos in the fsland; thoy. wore soon Joined by 300 more, but the Germana hed fled. For this fent, and the onergy and ad- drors which Ioff displayed in holding the island #0 long rs it ontored into Fronch tactics to ro- tain it, ho was decoratod on tho u;mt by Gen. d'lxes with tho rod ribbon of the Logion of Honor, and complimonted by tho Geporal for his gnllnnl conduct. This was tho first cross givon . tho Ropublic, aud It was woll oarnod. Not long afterward it bocamo a serious quos- tion to solve how to sond safely dospatches to Bazaine, who was shut up in 3fetz, Gen.Lo Flo, who was Mliniator of War at tlo time, hearing of the prowess of Hoff, sont for him, ood swimmers | orson tho middlo 1ine will appear gray, that bo- rosult to him of a mixture of vlolot and Tho outer ring will appoar. grey to tho rod blind patient, and tho 1nnor, gray to tho violot ha nso of this iusliimont, o largo number of pationts may bo testod slmultancous- 1y for one or more kind of color-blindncas, —At ono of tho judiclal tribunsls in Andros: ocoggin County, Mo, not long since, d cnso of fomo importatco was heing henrd, bub it hnd boon protracted boyond all reason, andibo Judgo Bab with oyes closed, ovidently comfortably wiapt in elumbor, 'I'ho lawyor who was arguing tho ¢aro wns considorably nottlod by the circum< stancos, and, hiaving ronched n vory fmportant Pnrl of his nrgumont, raieed ki volco to o high toy and snld: I dagiro to call your sttontion, may it plonso your' Honor, to an fmportant point in thia caeo,” * A lienvy breathing, o sonorous snoro, woro tha only Jjudicinl response. Tho Inwyer appronchiod noavor the Court, and, raising his voico to an oxuruulnl(nf; koy, reponted hix romark? Moy It plenco tho Court, I dosira to call your Ifonor's stteitlon to animpnrtant poiut in thia case.” Tho Judgo aroused himself, rib- Led his oyes, and, before i Lad them onon, criod out's " Vifo, wifo, Isn't it most broakfast~ timo 7" The Judge specdily awolo to tho re- ality, npologized, and sald lio was_spt to bo & 1ittfo abetracted Whon engagod in doop thought. Our Land«Grant nilroads. Accordiug to Goneral Ordor No. 09, rocontly imnuod, it npponrs that thero aro sixty-sovon laud-grant railronds in tho United Btates. Of this number thirteon are roquired, by the con- ditions of their grants, to transport all Governe ment proporty freo; thirty-nino ohinrge tho United Statos 393§ per cont loss than mgnlnr {oriff raton ; six hinvo 80 por cont of thoir olinrg- oa rotained by the Governmont, to bo applied in parb paymont of an oxisting indobtodness, on ne- ‘count of bonds igsued iu thoir favor ; while over tho romaining nine roads the Governmont is re- quired to pay full tariff rates. The ronds which carry Governinont lruflmrl.y nnd troops freo of cost aro the Contral Lacifio, Orogon Division § Cnrio & Fulton, Iastings & Dalkotn, Jackon, Lansing & Beginnw, Littlo Rock & Fort Bmith, Momphls Littlo. Rock, Missourl, Ksn- Bna & Toxas, Missourl River, Fort Beott & Gulf, Orogon & Cnlifornia, Placorville & Bacramento Valloy, 8t, Louls & Iron Moun- inip, ffom’ Piot Knob, Mo., to FHolona, Arl; Btackton & Copporopolls, Bouthorn Minironota. ‘Thio roads over which Goverument proporty ia transported for 83% per cont loss than tariff Tatos nro: Alabamn & Chattanoogs, Atchison, Topokn & Sants Foo, Atlantic & Paclfio, South® wost Branch Pacific Roilroad, Burlington & Mis- gouri River, Chicago & Missouri River, Chicago & Northwestorn, Iows Division; Wisconsin Di- ] and in A few words the Ministor oxplained his wish, not_disguising tho danger of the ontor- priso. Hoff accopted tho mission, and whon as 8 roward bo was offored tho gradoe of an officor : “ No," replied ho, “Xamnot sufiiciently edu- cated for that.” Wo now como to tho timo when Hoff disnp- oared in the flerce struggle which took place on o platoau of Ohnmplgny the object of which waa to broad through the Investing lines of the enomy, On tho firat day all had gono well, tho Fronch had crossed tho Marne and talion lp(m- session of Potit-Bry, it is true with a heavy loss. Noxt morning an armistico was arranged to com- pleto the romoval of the wounded aud from the Bnow-covered plain, The strife was renewod, and tho division with which Hoff fought was finally ovorpoworod, and ho along with many of his comrades was wado prisoner. ———— MISOELLANEOUS. Seven thousand women belong to tho Belglan Internationals, —Out-im Wyoming, not long sgo, & woman ut six bullets through the man who told her hur l;uslmnd bad just been killed in & drunkon rawl, —Hiram Green, Euq., soys: “The differonco botween Onkes Ames' plough-shares and hia Oredit Mobilior shares is, that the former are :filylshin_lnpolntod, whilo the lattor scom to bo sleal.” —This is the way flmg koop up tho balance of Eo\vu in Xontucky: “To the wifo of James radloy, of Fayotto County, n son—Joff, Davia, o the wife of Robert Ritclicy, of Fayotto Coun- iy, & son—U. 8. Grant." —A mmfifi“ Thusband loft s noto buquunfl.\inkg to bis wife the ropo with which he huug himsolf. .Not being one of the sontimental kind, she usos it for o clothos-line. —Ggorge Washington’s clock was sold again in Philadolphia the other day. Goorgo hated to art with if, but the restaurant business not be- Ing brisk, Lis saloon and contents wero sold at auction to satiefy his ungratoful croditors, —A Tonnesseo schoolmastor roproved one of tho big girta for spitting'on the ntove, aud lwr Dig brother took down his littlo shot-gun and chasod the pedagogue into North Carolina be- fore he could pepper him. —An Oil Gity boy, ono of that clags of urchins who seem sont upon the earth for the solo pur- pose _of brlnginf pious, grown-up peoplo to o recolleation of the fact that, this world is not thelr homo, recontly put somof nitro-glycorine in Lis sistor's bustle whon she was going out shating. ~—Much of the pleasurs of she?plng must bs loat by American ladios whilo making purchasos in Cairo. A writer in tho Now York World says, rogarding this: “If you cnter 5 ehop, you are expocted to purchase, whilo, to look ovor the goods for the mere enjoyment of it, 18 not per- ‘mitied with any dogreo of gracefulness.” —Bomebody has utilized pet and other namos thus : For o printer's wifo, Em; for a sport'a yifo, Bot-ty ; for a laywer's wifo, Bue; for o tosmstor’s wife, Carry; fora fisherman's wifo, Net-ty ; for a shoemaker's wifo, Peg-gy ; fora oarpet man's wife, Mattio; for an-auctioncor's wife, Bid-dy ; for a_chomist's wife, Ann Eliza; for an engincor's wife, Bridgo-it, —A learned writer in the Atlanticdfonthly says that if our esteomed grand-paront, the late Col. Adam, hod lived until now, and had novor trimmed his finger-nails, they wouldito-day have boen o thousand yards long. We ‘have never consed to mourn the ocarly death of A., butif ho ‘had survived uutil now, with Lis nails unout, wo should hnve insisted I;E!an eithor cutting his ncqunlnlu.ncu‘ or his ueils—[ZLauisville Courier- Journal. A colored Washington bello, who hnd planned for aroception, was somowhat takon abaok bocause hor mother had the small-pox; but, equal to tho emergonoy, sha put the old 1ady in tho back part of tho houeo, and didn't spoil tho fun of tha company by saying anything about it until thoy worc m«{yza adjourn. Thoy ‘hopo it will bo an adjournment gine * die;* but it {8 doubtFul, » — Don Juan Forster, to great Iand-owner of Ban Diego Counly, Oal,, hag sonb an agont to Turopo t0 induce emigrants to sattlo on his vast iract. To cach Lio givos eighty acrosiof land, the sole condition being tho guarantee of tho omi- grant that ho will expend at loast $1,000 in im- provements the firat year, Each alternato sec- l\oun of elghty acres the Don reserves for him- Bolf. 3 ~— The following record of female avocations in tho United Btatos is tsken from the recont census roturna : Independent of women farmors, thore are 46 fomalo stock horders, 6 approntices to barbors, 24 dontias, 2 hostlere, 2 profossional buntors ond trappers, b lawyers, 526 physicians and surgeons, 07 clergymon, 2 wcavongers, 7 soxtons, 10 * canalmon, *100 **dragnon,” 1 pilot, 8 gunno laborors, 4 gus-stokors, 88 gunemiths, 7 gunpowdor makers, and 10 ship-riggors. —A oortain young Jady of an inquiring turn of mind would uga to liavo someone oxplnin how it is that a bridegroom plodges hiraself in tho marriage vow to *ondow” the bride with all his his “ worldly goods,” aud thon lesve hor only one-third of thom whon ho dies. Sho says she must have it understood thub * ull® dont menn i pno-third,” bofore sho promisou to oboy any man, no mattor how many gooda he may pro- tond to own, —Borlin is p magnificont capital, bub thora fa s ohanco of tuturs troublo, snd n demand for romedial logislation in the fact that not loes thun 125,000 of its 833,000 inkabitants recoive public reliof to the amount of 1,000,000 thalers, or §700,000 annually. Sixty-throo thousand poo- .ple live in collars, while 169,000 are crowdod in. 5,600 wrotched, and gonarally firoloss, rooms. Thore, as ovorywhero olso, this overcrowding has occasioned great dopravity among tho poorer olaeaos. Fifty-two per contof the population beloug to tho' working claesoy, und a third oty this population s occupied in_the factories. ', Those last &ro too often dissipated, rostloss, aud.: for an outbreals, ibol suits ngainst nowspapors appoear to Lo, aboul ay barren of pecuniary profit on the other* rondly: sido of tho Atlantic us thoy usunlly arc on this. side, The agont of tho late Murquis of 1lortford. was ealled upon to resign by Bir Richard Wallaco, the successor to tho Irikh ostates of thut docoas-: od absenteo” and voluptuary. The Norfhern Whig, of Dublin, congratulatod iho touants on their ozcape from the dictatorial rule of tho agont, ‘The lattor brought u libel suit, and ob- tained a vordict for 3500, instend of 350,000, which ho wantod to get. 'Uho dofondant fu not willing to pay oven #5600, and has appliod for & now trial, —An matrument lins boon invented in (er- many for tosting color-blindnoss, 1L consists of a rotating apparatus, whioh movos a disk whouse contro is n.cllmlo ono half black aud the other whito; ontsido this is_ n ring, halt red and half roon; then anothor ring of violet al vod, thon fiw outsido of violot and grecn, Whon rapidly rotatod, tho contro uovonrs tq ba voloved gray, vision and Poninsula Division, Chicago, Rock Island & Pacifio ; Florida Toad, Flint & Pero Marquette, Grand Repids & Indlans, Honnibal & 8t. Josoph, Iilinois Contrsl, main line, aldo Ohiengo Branch and Towa Division ; Jack: sonvillo, Ponsacola & Mobile, Lake Bupe- rior & Mississippl, Leavenworth, Lawrenco & _Galvoston, obile & Ohio, Mobilo & Monlgnmu}? Mobile & Girard, Marquotto & Ontonagon, Milwankeo & 8. Paul, Tows & Min- mnogota Division ; also Iown & Dakots Livislon, and LaQrosse Division; Morgan's Loulsiana & Texns, North Louisiann & Toxas, Pacifio Rail- xond of Missouri, Ponsncols & Loulavillo, South & North Alabama, Salem, Rome & Dalton; 8t. Paul & Paciflo, main_lme, nlao branch ; Vieks- burg & Meridian, Winona & St, Poter, Wost ‘Wisconsin, Wisconein Central. Tho Govorn- ment rotaing 5O per cent from the following ronds: Central Pacifio, maln lino, also its Weostern Division ; ontral Branch Union Pa- cifie, Kanans Pacifio, Bloux Olév & Pacific, Full ratos are paid by the United Btates over tho At- lantic & Pacific, Denver Pacific, Now Orloans, Buton Tougo & Vichsburg, Northorn Pacifio of Golifornia, nlso branch line; Toxns & Pacific, Utah Central, A Young Man Kills Himseclf Because Xle is Discurded by Xlis Sweete heart, From tho Marletta (0.) Reglater. ‘Wo learn-from parties who were prosont tho ‘particnlars of a suicide under most distressing circumstances, which occurred in Salem Town- ship, this county, on Thursday night of last woolk. It seems a young man named Bpencor, » resident of Nobla County, nd been paylng his addresscs to a young lady of Salom Township named Whotstone. Mattors had so far progross- od that they were engaged. The relstives of tho young lndy, it is atated, woro oppased to tho match, and interposod evory obstaclo to tho con- summation of tho marriago. A short tiwe sinco {wo young mon, oither malciously or tirugh sport, wrote a disreputable lettor concerning the youug lady, signing Spencer's namo to it, and countorfoiting his handwriling as nenrly as possiblo. This lotter they p\u'pnssl{ droppoed whero Migs Whetatone would bo sure to find it. 8he did find it, and, as was natural, was vory in- dignant at its contents. On the evening of the suiclde ho made his usual visit, but wag coldly recelvad ; was:in- formod of tho lottor and dismissed a8 an un- worhty enitor. . Ho protested his innocence, snd declared ho knew nothing of tho letter ; but she bade him go, telling him she nevor wished to Beo him again. Hoe remarked, “If that is tho oao I will kill myselt,” and loft the houso. A moment after ehe heard the report of a pistol, but, being alone with only her mother and sis-* tor, she was afraid to go out, and waited the ro- turnof Mr. Whetstone, who wns absont, Onhia return soarch was made, and young SBponcer was found & fow yards from 'tho Liouse, with a bullot~ hole through his heart and dead enougls, — e Rossel's Opinion of the Communiats. A M. Gorspach hag just published a book, in Paris, which afords somo gratifying information 08 to tho opinion entortained of the rufliaus of the Commune by tho unfortunato Col. Rossel, wlioso promising carcor was_ brought to so igno- minjous s close on the plains of Satory, .*I ‘must confoss,” wroto Col. Rosgol, ** that when T first bocame acquainted with tho Rovolutionary Govoromont, I was greatly takenin, I sought for patriots, and found o numbor of wrotchos who weto porfestly propared to surrender tho forts of Paris to tho Prussinns’ rather than submit to tho Assombly; Ilooked for liberty and found favoritism " and privilegos pro- vailing everywhoro; I sought for equality, and found~ tho most complofo _system ol hierarohy—an aristocraoy composed of formor }Jnlit[unl convicts, and a_foudaliem formed of il- itorato functionarios. But groater still wes my surprige when the Commune found meanato orgamzo n political government, and when Rooul ‘Rigault installed hrmaolf at tho Prefco: ture as the veritablo Ohiof of the Communo. And thoso vagabonds of the Commuu ink- ing at tho countorof o wina-shop with some Burglnnnt or othor—rogues disguised under the zol jor's uniform, and who disgrace it—with lheir sword dangling botwoon their legs, their kepis as fllthy as their persons, and thelr voices poouliarly aloobiolio—such were the wratchos ‘whoso mission thoy protonded it was to froo tho country from the rogime of the sword ; the only rogime thoy could aubstituto for it boing a reg- imo of dolirium tremons.” 5 Doath from Smoking. 1in body snying ““T'm sold,” tho dog trottod o1 of tha room, nat aven delgning to cast a look t the party In the room who had watched 1 aotions and Inughed_so hoarilly at. his misrc tunos, That dog had ronson a8 well a8 {ustinct —_——— Klow Thoy Manage Fires in Vionnaj) Vienna Correspondencs Doaton Journals T'ho hest illuntration of tha sort of worlt doré hiore hine beon Rlven by n fire which oconrrid {nst night in tne houss oconpied by Mr, Jay, ~ ¢ Mhifater, tho Itallan Minister, and other famiu. s By somo cnrcletiencas tha roottook firs and b, ¢ an hour bofore {4 was uotlead; a strong wad wna raging, and thé' hoight of the building i groat, porhaps 76 fect, Tiually tho cngince arrived, and In tho courso of o couplo of houre, aftor two-thirda of the roof had birned awny, tho flre way oxtinguiohed, Irom tho street (ce (‘Ifi, there is nothing tos indicate that there wos adlfoin the building, and o stono balustrada surmounting tho cornico, snd bearing varicus figuros and groups, remaing intnot, The femi- lion resido still in the house, those in the forrth slory having remainod in their apartmonts dur- ing the fire. The various occupsnts of (he difforant auites of rooms wers noen upon the balconles gazing at tha flames, thinking it unneee ogsary to save thomaelvesor thoir furniture, 0 DIED, "DIGH AL, tho fosldonco of his sister, 78l Olshourn-av.y of consumpiion, nnu)nlr}un ¥, Dick, A 20 yoars, Funoral on Manday, Dob, 5%, at30'clock p. s, Frionds aro fuvited to attend. OARPENTER—In Boston, Fob, 18, of scarlat fover, ‘Viotor Garpontor, only son of tho 1nta"Dr, 1L, W, Carpens tor,0f Ohicago, nged 5 yeara. IFFIN~On Bunday, Fob, 2, of orssipelas, Mrs, Mary Griftin, agod 6 yoars, et o horTato rsidonco, 48 Milarot, on Tuon: lny, Fob. 25, .My alvary Comot o g tamily avo tavhiod to ationd, RSl MUNROE—In this clty, of cansumptlon, Willlam ¥ Hneoo, aged 25 yoatn an T montha. Tunoral from tHo rasidonco of hin paronts, 480 Wabashe &7, Tueaday, Fob. 3, at 11 cclock, 8. m.y Dy carriagos ta eagaiand, £7° Bosion snd Oholsca, Masa,, papors ploaso copy. WILLARD—Fob, 93, of disossd of tho bosst, Mrs. I, 0, U. Willard, aged b fonu I 1 ho b the [ f P, H. e i s LS S *'82- Barors gonorally ara roquetod to copy. CARPENTER~-Fob, 31, William Oarponter, aged 63 T Rioral fenm i3 Into rovidumoo, 43 North Ashiand.av., kY ‘ob, 25, at 13, AUCTION SALES, WIL A BUTTERS & CO, (ESTABLISHED JANUARY, 1850), AUCTIONEERS, CHEICAGO, Wil hold tholr regular sales throughout tho yoar 187%." REAL ESTATE AND STOOKS ON MONDAY. BOOTS AND BHOES ON TUESDAY. ok d Gl Hard Tablo Outlery, ota,, Orosors s Gl TpgFpgy Bl Cutor o Y GOODS, OLOTHING, HATS, &o, g ON THURSDAY. i Furnituro, Eolunl.\ool«rl' g%}'fi:’i'fi‘f\sf““‘" Morchandise: At Nos. 66 and 57 South Canal-st, OARIIAGES AND HARNERS ON WEDNESDAY, At 25, 27, 20 & 31 Weat Washingcon-at, CONTINUED BALE OF FORFEITED PLEDGES, From Lipman's Loan 0fice, 27 West Madivan-st. On Monday, Feb. 24, 1873, Conatsttog of Diamonds, Gold and Bllvor Watclios, Jewol: ergd ollldu; goods, ,nll ‘of which havo boon forfelted, aud Wil ho sold fo pay advances, 7 A, 'ERB & 00, Auctlonoers, WA RO T o 7 Bontls Gatl-ate Real Lot & Stocks, Fob, 31, tolack, nt our Salesroom’, OnMONDAT, Ik 3 S0l A CONVENTENT FRAME DWELLING, 11 ROOMS, No, 140 Wost Monroo-at., Lot 25 by 200 feot to alley. FOUR 5-ACRE TRACTS AT SOUTH LYNN. . A (OTTAGE ON LEASED GROUND, Ko. 801 Wontwortliav.; ground ront, 860 per snaum. FTOOKDS- o Lito T s £ Bhares ebehs Brow Dok Maous Co. WAL, A. BUTTERS & 00., Austloneers. PEREMPTORY SALE. SO0 FPacikzages Assorted Glass, White Granite and Yollowwaro, Table , & WEDNESDAY, FItB, 20, at 1 o'cloclk, R BE S 67 Boath Cetal sty Also, 40 caskd Uognsa BIandfy L )| BUDTERS & 0O, Auctionsers. TOP BUGGIES, OPEN BUGGIES, Phaotons, Sido Spring and Express Wagons, AT AUOTION, ¢ of Ohtoagn, Ohlo, end Westorn Mnafactur- f{-’,&‘fi%%flfifilfiwfimmg-%mbh e 10 gelook, ters' Exohangs, Nos, 29, an o Soame o™ KERE L BOTAERS' & 00, Auotlonsors, POSITIVE & PEREMPTORY SALE Of a chofco and valuablo colloation of 1 L) R 1 Fine 0il Paintings, From the Art Galloryof H, A, MoOann, Philadelphis. T0 bg sold at anetion at our Salestooms, 55 and 57 South Canal-st,, o0 THURSDAY AFTERO0N, Feb, 27, at 2 0" lock. b cbitee fon cootaots B , Howard, Walker, Bonnor, ane safugnt o, Sy ot usiasion, G 7!::. 2 ‘WA, A. BUT'TERS Hamilton, ofiasn, Bris- ud ofhors mg:}g aloguos re o ob. Wodnea. £C0., tionéors., Sale of Dry Goods, TIats, Oaps, Furnishing Goods, Boots, Shoes, ”?""Q“?flulfg‘&m?"n'éuflf]«"xfu',’ ED. &, at obr sale ot S8 and RR"R SO¥ kRS & 00., Auotionoers, “TRIVATE LIBRARY AT AUCION, Oataloguo sglo of valuzble hooks ralatiug to Ameri History, Blography, Genoalogy, Bclence, Travols, ot ‘many of thom vory raro, by WAL A, BUTTERS & O 85 and 57 South Cana)-st., Friday, Fob. 38, 1873, salo com- ‘menolng a9 p, m. Books onoxhibition twodajaprovious to salo. By EDWIN fiRICE & CO. Lurfie Sele of Elegant Furniture, denas, No, §8 Basicay, (near Pauligaat.], % = : Tivatp T Aty. " 'Fho Furniturs contlat~ The Now York correspoudent of the Buffalo Commercial Advertiser writos: A case in my own iutimate acquaintence has this very weck appallod o largo circlo of frionds in this ciiy. 0 victim was oxactly of mfl own years, and & companion from early boyhood, For thisty yoars at least he has boen adaily smoker of tho cholcest cigars, bub in all his other habits tem- porate and regular, and of cxcollont constitution ~—ono who, of all mon, would have laughed at tho suggostion that tobicoo was killing im, weok ago last Bunday night ho was stricken with tho progressive paralysis characteriatio of nicotine, sud on Sunday night ho dled. Hig dosth wag most pitiful, ~ Firat, sight wus lout, thon specch, then motion of tho nock, thou motion of the orms, snd o on throughout tho body, snd ho lay for a fortnight unable to move or mako & sign, save a pltiful, tonguoloss, inarticulate sound, which some- titaes rosa to atmost frantia offart, all in vaw, to mnko known what ho wished to say to his famity or friends—for his consciousness aud meontal facnlties wero laft unimpairod till within two hours of tho lnst, to nggravate to tho ut- tormosat the horror of his situation—a living soul in a dond body. Tho sonse of hoaring waa loft unimpaired, 80 that he was conscious of all nround him, whito s {ncapable of communics- tlon with thom as if doad, save by a slight sign of assent or dissent to a quoation, The doctors wore full n?'rcnd that tobacco was the sole causs of this siroke, — Iow a Dog was * Sold.”? Trom the Troy T¥mes, Horo Is o truo dog story: A fauiily down town haviug a falso grato in ono of tho rooms of the houso placed some rod paper bolimnd it to give tho offuct of tiro, One of the coldost daya this wmter tho dn¥ bolongiug to tho houschold came in from out of doovs, and_wsoeing tho papor in tho grato deliborataly walked up to it and latd dawn hoforo it, ourlod up in the bost way to re- coivo the glowing heat ag it camo from the firo, Ilo romained niotionloss for a fow minutes; Fooling no warmih lio raiuod his head and loolced over hig ehouldor nt tho grato; atill fooling no hoat hie arosn aud oarefully npplied his noss to the t:rnm and smelt of it, " 1L was as cold as ice, With a look of tho most suprome disgust, his tail curlod down botwoon Lig logs, oyory balr ou 'S Spoth carvod. Hiack Walnut and Top. Farior - HL0n: olbgant. Bikok Wainu Oliambor ult; Marblo: ton Tuecaus, Hurow \Wash Niands, and Gontro Tablos: Plor and Mantol Mirrors; Seorotarlos; Etagoros: Riot co "and D Lambroquing: b Bod 1, Carpols (but slightly 2; Plotw ar ir and Soa- ans Matresse Bpriag xtension o; Hofrigorator; o kéry, agd Glasdwaras 1 ¢ Stdvos, Cooking Uton A laryo part of this Furniture bt o worn. - 1¢ you want. rars taeo, attond thissalo, Remombe: day morning, Bals it Y0, » RIOE tioncers, Wil & mluduf-,:b\ 3¢ Weshingion-st. By G. P. GORE & CO., 23, 24, and 2 East Randolphest. CATALOGUE AUCTION SALE, On Wednesday, Feb. 26, At9:50 o'olook a. m.y of Boot, Shoes & Slippers Ot all GRADES and VARIGTIES, for SPRING WEAR. 0. P, GORE & 00, . _'23.34and 26 Randolph-at. By BRUSH, SON & CO., ) Ofico 168 East, Madison-st, The salo of the BANKRUPT STOCK of F, 8, KELLOGG will bs continucd at 65 West Lake-at. WEDNESDAY, Fab, 5, a4 108, 5. whon the_atock on hand, comprising a large lot of BEKDS, MAOHINERY, - PLERENTE T o Jfifiofi‘z‘fl‘.‘m{‘if‘mfll‘ l\\)l{}‘l“’i‘ 3. JENKINS, Assignos, BRUSH, BON & CO., Auctioncors, By T. 8. F1TCX & CO. REAL ESTATE AT AUCTION. Regular Waokly Batos at our Salesroom, 187 Dearborn sty Svory \Vndl\n‘{dl)',a:! 4 o'alock p.w. ' Pactioulars at tho ollice, Briug in our llat, Spoclal atention givan to ont<door sales. On tho 231 inat, we shall offor saversl half-acee grave Tots fn South Shoro Aubdivision, ons Iarge lot {n o avea, near siation, and twa aicd tye-story ducllings, wi o Woat Diviion, coror Fultan and Oarpontor T, B, FITOU & 00, to. rder, and I i ot 10 #harp, Moo A