Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 17, 1873, Page 4

1 TERMS OF .THE TRIBUNE. nfll;l!\ll,lll OIl lvh!gl‘\ll”flm( (PATADLE IN ADVANOR). ma (0| Sonda, 2 Wookdy. 588 Woakly, Tarto of a yoar at tho samo rato. o provout dolay and mistakos, bo suro and giva Post ©Mco address tn full, inoluding Stato and Connty. Romittanoos may o rndo oithior by dratt, oxpross, Post ©Ofics otdor, orn rolsterad lottars, at our risk, TERMS 70 OITY GUDACRIDERS. atly, dellvorad, Rundy exaoptoll, 28 conts 2 Bally deltvored; Bindsy gropnied: 35 sonte por wack: Addross THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Coruer Madis d Deatborn-sta., Ghicago, Tl e CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S TRIBUNE, . FIRST PAGK—Washington, Now York, Torolgn, and Miscollanoous Tolograms—Advartisomonts, SECORD PAGE—Baturday Night's Tolograplito Nowa, THIRD PAGE—Our Iron Intorosts: So Stato Legislaturos—Saturday Nigh! Rallrond Timo-Tablo—Advertisomonts, FOURTIX PAGE—Editorials: Tho Uaso of Onkes Amos 28 1t Btands Tho Throe Cont War; Tho Missisaippl mports and State Tazatlon—Ourront tos and Optaton, FIFTH PAGR—Tho Groat Flaglor Sults—Bt, Patrlok's Day Colobration—Tho Law Courts. BIXTI PAGK—Monotary and Commoroial—Advartise- monts—Chicsga Livo Btook Mnrket—Markots by Tolograph~Advertisemonta, BEVENTH PAGE—Tyndall's Prayor Test: Bormon by Professor Bwing—Our Political Dogonoraoy {commu. nicatlon]—Tho Farming Intorost and the Middle. mon [communteation)-Small Advorisomontst Real Estato, For Balo, To Ront, Wanted, Boarding, Todgiog, Eto. EIGHTH PAGE-The Farm and QGardon—The Datry— The Alloghouy Valloy Disaster—A Day of Horror: Low of Six Lives at Richmond, Va.~Uniform . Frojght Rates, : ——— TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS, M'VIOKER'S TIEATRE-Madison stroot, betweon Btate:and Dearborn, Engagomont of Edwin Booth. “*Brutus.” 4 ACADEMY OF MUBIC- Halstad atreot, south of ' 3 AMadison, *¢ John Gart! . HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSR—Randolph streot, bo- ¢woon Olark .and LaSalle. ~ New Comody Compauy. #+ Berious Family," ** Barnoy tho Baron." MYERS' OPERA - 1LOUSE—Monroe streot, botieen - Stato'and Doarborn, Arlington, Cotton.& Kemblo' Dinstrel and Burlosque Troupo. Xthiopian Comicalittos. GLOBE TIIEATRE-] son and Washington, ** N splalnes stroot, botwvaen Madi- k and Neck." THOMAS' CONOERT— Michigan. Avonuo Baptist. Church, B BUSINESS NOTICES. /TAPLES REMOVED AND SKIN MADE BMOOTH e i Jni{;lnr Tar Soap, Manufactured by Osswoll &'Co., Kow York. DYSPEPSIA, INDIGESTION, DEPRESSION of . epon ans donony Dobliity. the Torro Phosplioratod a Bark snd Iron), is tho arard & Oo , Now York, f Calisaya Bark (Uall bost fonlo. Dado by = B d sold by Druggists, The Chicagey Tiibune, Monday Morning, February 17, 1873.' ‘Cawwell, Rafforty, tho murderer of Officer O'Mears, ias been for tho socond tima sontenced todonth. Ho is to bo hanged March 7. His counsel havo not abandoned him, and will bring a bill of ex- ceptions bofore the Bupreme Court, and move for a now trial. eme——ret—— Under the inatructions of tho Postmaster Gen- ersl, Post Ofiice authoritios throughout tho country have beon ¢xacting payment of doub}e postago in cases wherd the full amount duo was not prepaid. This practico, the Attorney Gen- oral says, is unwarranted by Jaw, which permits only the amount of unpnid postage to be col- * lected. Tho Houso Committoe, who wero chargod to ascortain whother any fault attaches to Assistant | Trensurer Hillhouse, of Now York, for the hoavy defaleation of Johnson, tho Stamp Olerk, exon- erato him altogothor. Thoy recommend that tho punishment for such offonces be increpsed ; that no pardons be granted. whon guilt was proved, and that brokers who deal with such defaulters be prosecuted with groater vigor than horeto- fore. Minister Bickles has formnlly congratulated Prosident Fig.unma on the establishmont of tho BSpanish Republic, and the dignity with which the change was made. Inhis reply, President Figue- xas sold that if tho United States was indobted to Spain for the discoverer of America, Spain had the United States to thank for the Republic. Meanwhile, & third attempt to bring s congratn- latory resolution concorning the Spanish Ropub- Yio before the Hause of Representatives Las been foiled. Tho mind of tha Spanish peoplo {sa little foggy sbout the nature of its political machinery, Allusions made in maes moetings o the Demo- cratic-Republio are vociferously cheered, but the wildest notions are entortained of its funotions. The peasants in Andalusia want to know when the division of property will begin; the studonta at the University of Barcolona clamor for the zbolition of fees ; and in Catalonis the working- men, besides tome acnsible demands, ask for less work and more pay. Two weoks remain of tho session of Congress. Both houses have a press of work tpon them, ‘There nro seventy-five bills on the {able of the House of Represcntatives, and nearly ss many domand tho attontion of tho Benate. Besides the usual routine that oconpiesthe closing Lours of overy Congress, action is to be taken on tho reports of the Oredit Mobilier Committoes, and those which bave been investigating the cases of Sonators Oaldwell, Clayton, Pomeroy, and the Lonisiana troubles. No oxtra session ia likely to be held. Btokes i not to bo hanged this month, at lenst, His execution was fixed by Judge Board- tman for Feb. 28, bt Judgo Davis, who mado the charge in Tweod's case, bas allowed s writ of error nnd a stay of execution. Judge Davis said that ho coneldered most of tho exceptions taken by prison's counsel during the trial to bo " frivolous, but hie thinks thive are gravo doubta s8 to tho corroctness of the chargo of Judge Sonrdman that the Iaw implicd maliep from the circumstancos of the case, leaving tho pris- onpr the burden of rebutting the presumption, Mr Harlan, who ‘ challongod investigation,” rofuses to toll ol ho knows, or explain his con- duct untll everybody clse hns been examined. ‘Cho inferonce ig, that Mr. Hurlan's statements are to ba modelled upon the evidence sgainst him, and not upon the actual facts, Ile objects 4o being trapped, like Colfax and Patterson, in- 4o dgnials of things which may subsequently bo proved true. Ho has alroady flatly contradicted - $ho afidavit of his friend, Elijsh Bells, who sworo, ton days aga, that notone cont of Du- zant's monoy was gpont at Des Moluea to olngt Harlan, Harlan owears it wag all spont, and part of it apent by Sells, Tepublican 8pain shows nomore disposition to give Quba ler independonco than did the Monaroby., Prosldent Tigueras grandly esys that the Antillos are to bo Lold as & pledge of perpetual unjon between the old world and the now. Oastolar, Minister of Foroign Affairo, glvos publie intimation that the new Govorp- ment will expect tho COubans to bo con- font now that thoy Aro under & Republican Governmont. Ho laposiod to be more mag. nanimous than Zorilla In granting roforms, and snys that arrangemonts for these wiil bo mndo whon Deputios from Ouba havo arrived. Mean- whilo, tho Ouban patriols have not docldod whethor they will bo satiefiod with the froedom of Bpanish ruls, or whother thoy will insist o indopendenco as well ns the Republic. Thero haa boon nothing discovered in tho pool of ¢orruption at Washington: so discouraging ne the lettor of Judge Bherman, of Olio, domand- ing a foo of $10,000 for sorvices in inducing Committee, of which his brother was Ohalrman, to ropoala tax, Tho country has boon pained to seo Vico Prosident and'Sonators and Roprosen- tativos with unclean handa and falso tonguos, bul this oxposure of the fact that men sitting on the bonoh' of tho Natlonal- Qourts wore thrusting - their hands into the lobby, and do- manding pay for assumed influence in Qongross, ‘where their relatives Liold high positions, Is, be- yond all doubt, the moat disgraceful exhibition yotmado, Judge Bhorman is the firat on the 1ist of Fodoral Judioial offlcors guilty of making poouniary domands for sorvices which, if ron- dered, wero dlsgraceful, Mr, Huntingdon, Vice Prosidont of the Con- tral Paciflc Railroad, exhibited, in some respoots, tho most romarkable traits of know-nothingism that have beon doveloped in the whole series of investigations, but upon one point ho was com- mendably lucid and distinet, Ho sald that, it there woro any claima agalnst the Contral Paoiflc Railroad Company, of California, of . whatevor nature, the Company wes roady to pay thom, This was equivalont to saying that they wore able to pay thelr indobtodnoss to the Govorn- ment,- and - was- undoubtodly a true statemont. But for the Crodit Mobillor swindling, and ita 1,500 per cont dividends of stock, bonds, and cosh bolonging to the Union Pacific, that road would now bo in tho same position, or, rather, in & bottor one, ‘sinco their end of tho jolnt work ‘| was not nearly so diffioult and costly as the Oalifornia ond. The fact that Mr. Nosbit, tho allogedcon- tributor of $1,000 to Sghuyler Oplfax, wasp Government contractor, furnishing stamped onr, volopos to the Post Office Department, is some- thing which should b sat down to the credit ‘of ColMox's story, for if a Government contractor wished £ make o prosont to a high Government official ho would naturally take somo method of dolng j¢ which would escapo dotection, and ho would natyrally wish it to be kept a secrot. Whother Qolfax did or did not rocoive the $1,000 groonback by mpil as ho alloges, and- whether . he s or s not accurate s to tho time when ho receivod it, is immateria] pa regards his controversy witly Ames. Tt goes fownrd explaining his bank ac- count, but does not explain the discropancies betwoen his South Bend speech’ and his subse- guent ndmiseions to the Committeo, wherein it ts phown that ho did accept o gift from Amos_ equivalent tg $ho differonce botwoen tho value of 20 shares of Oredit Mabiller stock and_the sum of §584.72 which ho pald to Ames to balance tho account, 5 Thero ia another phage of the oxplanation Mr. Harlan makes with referenco to the §10,000 of Mr. Durant's monoy put in bis pocket while ho was Bacretary of tho Interior, and while Mr. Durant was Vico President and Managerof tho Union Pa-~ clifio Rallrond. Admitting Mr. Harlan's statoment to be true, that Mr. Durant's contribufion was a personal gift, not made by tho Union Pacifie, to help cover tho oxponsds of olecting him United Btates Bonator, 'and that it was -applied for this purpose, lhow do these faots holp his caso? If Mr Durant bad not ®ont the SM,000 to him he would have liad to pay the §10,000 of his own clection oxponses ont of his own pocket, sg that the money was really & gift to him. Notwithstand- ing the oloud in which BMr. Harlan scoks to en- volope this gift, the quostion inevitably recurs— what did Mr, Durant, while Vice Presidont and General Manager of.the Union Paciflo, want Mr, Harian clected for, and what was tho considera- tion o expocted? When: Mr, Harlan puswors thego questions, his statement will be complote. The Chicago produce markets wore loss nc- tivo on Saturdsy.. Mess pork was in fair de-' mand, but declined 100 por brl; cloging at 812,75 @12.80 ocash, and $12.85@12.90 sellor March, Lard was sfrong, and 2}@6c per 100 1bs higher, at BT4TH@T.50 cash, and $7.66@7.60 sellor March. Meats woro in good demand, and aver- aged 4o per Ib higher, at 434@42(0 for soulders; 61{@63¢o - for short riba; 63{@063¢c for short oloar ; and 8%@834e por Ib for 18lb grogn hiams, Dreased Logawero sctive and unchanged, at $6.05@5.15 por 1001bs. Highwinea wore more sotivo, and: firm at B7ic per gallon, Flour was dull. Wheat wasloss active, and 5{c higher, closing at $1.285 cash, and 81.243¢ solior Maroh. Qorn wps dull and firm, closing at 8134 cash, and 813¢c seller NMarch. Oats were dull and Xfo lower, st 263{c cash, aud 26560 soller March. Tiye was in good domand and stepdy at 653@ 600, Barloy was dull and steady at 67}¢@080 for No. 3, cssh or seller March. Livo hogs were firly sctive, and skipping grades woro stendy. Packers’ grados woro nbout 10¢ off, Sales woro | mado at $4.25@4,75. Tho cattlo sud sheep mar- kots wore dull-at Friduy'’s prices. Tho hog packing of the gity to date sggregated 1,230,878 head. Theo recont acquittal of Loavitt Alley, in Bos« ton, of the crimo of murder, illustrates that principle of criminal law which roquiros that tho oxact timo of the grimo shall bo clearly fixed in the minds of tho jury bofore they can find the “prisonor guilty, ~ Tho chain of circumstantisl evidonce in this case was 8o atrong as to leave soarcoly & shadow of doubt of Alley's guilt. The cage was that in which the mangled romains of & human being wore found in o barrel floating on the Charles River, just beforp thoe time of tho Boston fire. Tho romains wereldentjflod as thoso of o mon to whom Alley owed monoy; tho murdered man was traced to Alloy's stabla ; out- cries had boon heard thorp ata cortaln hour during the night; Alley was proved to huve carted n barrel down to the Oharlos River carly the following morning ; blood was discoverod on his shirt,—a fact which ho first admitted, and thon donfed aftor ho had chunged his shirt. Other circumstancos, fully as significant, con- nected tho prisoner almost unquestionably with the orime, Yot tho inability of the witnosgos to awonr positively aa to the exact time of the clr- oumstancos thut came undor tholr obsorvation? left room for that constructive doubt in the prisoner’s favor which socurcd o vordiot of ae- quittal. . Tho dofonce did not attempt to ostab- ish an alfti by divcot evidence, 'Thoy did not put the prisoner on the stand, nor hiu wife, nor his son,—ovidently appreciating that theso wit- amination. Thoy dopendod upon tho natural dia- orepauolos of time made by thoe witnosson for the proncoution, ond oloarod tholr oliont, with onough clroumstantinl evidenco against him to proclude any roasonablo doubi of i innoconce, had tho witnesses to thoso olrcumstances boon able to fix tho houra and minutos of thelr ocour- ronco defluitely. "Tho cago of Genoral Dix, and tho $50,000 pald to him by the Union Paciflc Railrond Company 1 tho subject of stoady disoussion in the nows- papora ab Albany, and strangely onough tho Zvening Journal, tho Ropublican organ, alloges that Genoral Dix was Prosldont of tho road from October, 1808, to Jgnuary, 1868, which would in~ aludo theperiod durlng which tho most seandalons transactions of tho Oredit Mobillor ocoursed. Tuis would make him rosponsiblo bofora the country for allowing an outsido organizatlon to swindle the Governmont and the road, whose Intorosta Lo assumod and was bound to protoot when ho accopted the Prosidency, and would far- nish an casy oxplanation of the way tho swin- dlors came to pay him $60,000; as thua : Dix, Prosidont, might say to Durant, Ames et al., ‘“You havo organized a Orodit Mobilier to con- sumo tho aseots of this road by lotting contracts to yoursolves at oxorbitant , prices. Pay me $60,000, or I will blow your Credit Mobilier to the moon.” The Argus, on the othor hand, allegoa that Dix continued as President only till Novem- bor, 1866, and brings forward documentary &vi- donco tosupportits atatomont. But tho Crodit Mobilior oporations wors commenced on tho 16th of March, 1805, cighteon montha hefors Dix ro- signed ‘tho Presidency of tho rosd. Without going into minutim, it is safo to say that tho $60,000 paid to Dix, in the end, camo out of the public trepsury, and that ho loewit. It hero- coivod this money without restoring an equiva- lont, ho hust have known at tho time that he was dolng wrong, whatever source the moncy camo from. 2 S THE CASE OF OAKES AMES AS IT STANDS. The testimony in the Credit Mobilior Inveati- gation i now all in, and, in connection with the correspondenco and tho memoranda which passed botwoon Onkes Ames and Colonel M'Comb, clearly develops the merits of the law suit, which first exposed tho corruptions of Crodit Mobilier; and also throws Eomo new light upon Onkos Amos 58 » man ond & witnoss, Wo are now, for the first timo, enabled to get a bird's ey0 viow of tho whole fleld of oporation, and to judgo of tho length and breadth of Oredit Mobiller iniquity. About the time of tho infoption of the Oredit Mobilier, - Colonel M'Comb subsoribod for 260 shares of the stock for Mr. Hamilton G. Fant, of Wash- | ington, D. O. The sharos woro assigned to Mr. Fant at onco, and he was notifled to re- mit thorofor, which he declinod to do, upon tho ground that ho had not authorized anyone to’ subscribo for him, ‘Tho mattor was then ro- forred to Colono} M'Comb, who declared that he would take the stock it Mr. Fant declined it, and, upon the strength of hisjoxpectation that it would be assigned to him, he transforred a large amount of his own stock to a Mr. King, of Mas- pachusetts, intending to replace it with the Fant stock, Moanwhiloata meeting of tho Crodit Mobiler, Ames annonncod that ho hnd promiged stock to oortain porsons, *whore it would do the most good,” and pro- posed that an jesue of *new . stock should be mado for that purposo, It was at onco suggosted that Ames might distributo the Font stock, and he acquiesced -in tho sugges- tion, accopted tho stock, and protended to dis- tribute the stock among the members of Con- gress ‘named in his memorandum to 3'Comb. Whon AM'Qomb henrd of this operation, he ot onco inquired why his stook was used, and why he was not nllowed to distribute stock aleo smong his friends, naming, among others, Bon- ator Bayard, of Delaware, . Ho claimed that the burden of distribution should be mado oqual among all tho membersof the Crodit. Mobilier, but received no eatiefaction, and, accordingly, in tho latter part of 1868, commenced suit in tho Dennsylvania Gourts to rocover the value of his stook, .* This lawsuit is but.ona chapter in the history of Crodit Mobllier, The tostimony of Oakos Amos is another, and it takes up tho history procigely whoro the lawsuit loft it, and goos on with it from that point. When the fact of this lawsuit became known, the meombora of Con- gross, with whom Amos had placed the stock, and for whom he was trustoe, flocked about him in groat hasto to return it, and Ames readily took it back. We naturally enough now look to hig testimony to seo what ho did with tho stock and dividends, but wo look in vain. It will bo romombered that le hid 250 shares to distribute, but in reality hoe only dis- tributed 185 sharos, a8 his own memorandum- Dbook shows. What did he do with tho185 shares which were returned to him ? What did o slso do with the 65 shares which ho nover distributed st gl His testimony throws no light upon these quostions, If is also appropriate to ask what ho did with tho prososds of the 1,600 per cont In dividends. His testimony only accounts for 80 per cont paid to these membors of Con- grosg, gnd on onc or two instances for aubse- quent dividonds of J00 por cont. What bocsmo of the 65 ehares and thy differonco Potiwoon the amount of divideuds paid to mem- bors of Gongross and tho amount declared, for allof which, Amos was the trusteo? Why was he 8o willing to take back the gtock when mem- bprg of Congress got tired of holding it7 Por- hapsitho answer to tho lsat question may Lo found in the ausyers to (b provious questions, Only one mombor of Congress, Mr, Kpllpy, has thus far confronted Opkos Amos with this fntor- oating view of tho situstion, apd ho gave itn practical bearing by giving Judgo Poland an or- dor for the amount of acorued dividonda with in- struotions to doposit the amount in the United Btates Treasury, Theroe i tho sum of noarly ©300,000 -which Oskes Ames Las gouged eithor out of M'Comb, or tho Oredit Mobilier gonerally, or the implicated- mpmbers of Congress, asnd put in Bhis .own pocket, hich doos not appear anywhero Hitho tostimony. What bocame of it must bo mude clear in the suit which (o piill ponding in Phitadelphis. It should not have bogn loft in this uncortaln stato, howover. Tho Investiga- tlon ghould have discovered its disposition to {ho Jast dollar, and ,should have foroed Oslos Ames out of his shell. Thoinvestigation should also have showa whether ho hadaccounted for aly tho dividends which had acorued up to tho time ho protendod to ehow members of Congraps the Crodit Mobfliar balance shaot. Thero was cor- tainly & dividend of 100 por cont in May, 1868, | which wan not accounted for tg the Congrossion- alstookholders, and which doos not appoar ungn the memorandum-book, on which Oakes Amos gots suoh storo in tho way of justification. neasps mivh bocoms confused in the oross-ox- Buoh facts s these aro of grave 'lmporllnao HE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE MONDAY FEBRUARY 17, 18 in alding tho publla to estimate Oakes Amea aa aman and o witness. If, while protonding to pay ovor tho wholo amount of dividends, ho wag in ronlity pocketing most of thom, cortainly mombora of Congross Lisve vory good grounds, in addition to bribery, upon whioh to proceod to his oypulalon. If, in addition to this, ho pook« otod 65 sharos cloar, which Lo liad protondod to distributo among mombors of Congross, and which, whothor thoy belonged to Mr. Font, or Mr. AM'Comb, or tho Oredit Mobllior, cortainly did not bolong to Lim, then ho lna beon guilty of a misappropria- tion, for which Lio should bo obliged not only to disgorgo, both principal and intorest, but shonld also bo made to suffor the ponnlty of tho law for swindling. What the investigation haa already doveloped shows Oakos Ames to have boon an unsorupulous bribor. What it has not doveloped 18 quito ss important as what it has, and shows Ookos Ames to have beon sn unsorupulons sharpor. Whatavor may bo said of his vietima, tho victimizor has much moro to account for than they. If his condjutor, Mr. Alloy, still do- siros to orcot that monument commomorative of the publio sorvices of the Bhovel-makor, ho should bogin by proving that he did not got any portion of tho $800,000 unaccounted for. J e — THE THREE UERT WAR, Board of Assossors choss to fgnoro this, and olafmed that tho Buprome Court had slmply sald that tho Btate could not” onact & Iaw that would provent the salo of such imported property, but did not touch upon the right to taxit. Tho Boston Asmossors, thorefore, continuod thoir tax on imported goods. Within tho Inat yoar, how- evor, thoro hns boon another declslon of tho Bupromo Court, tho'language of which in un- mintakablo, Xt mays that “goods imported from a foroign country, upon which the duties ond charges at the Oustom House have beon paid, aro not subjoot to Btate taxation whilst romaining In the original cases, unbrokon and unsold, in the Lands of tho lmporter.” The Court adds furthor that ' goods imported do not logoe thoir charactor na imports, and become incorporated {n the mnes of proporty of tho State, until thoy have passed from the control of tho importer, or boon brokon up by him from - their original cnsen.” It was after this decision was rendorod that tho Boston As- sopgors admittod that thoy wore acting at va- rianco with the law, and published their circular calling upon Oongross to pass a now law onabling them to continna their old practices. By tholr later action, tho Boston Assossors ignoro the Constitution of the United States as offoctuslly as thoy havo done herotoforo. They ovidently ‘believe that this instrument hns no A numbor of porsons, at various stations along the lino.of tho Illinols Contral Railroad, aro pro- fossedly seoking to ‘¢ enforco the law,” by get- ting aboard tho trains n large bodies, and pny- ing to tho conductars fare at'tho rato. of throo cents per milo. Thoy do this st an unnecossary oxpenso to themsolves, In order to *onforce the Inw,” thoy got up partics strong onough to ovorpowor the train omployes, and, boarding the traing, rovel in the satisfaction of paying what thoy denominato legal fare. It is posaiblo theso well-moaning poople, in sddition to taking this extraordinary expense for thosake of vindi- cating the Iaw, are, in fact, mistaken, and thnt, instend of - being champions of tholaw, thoy aro violators of it. The Btate of Il nols, in 1851, made, a contract . with tho . Dllinois Contral Railroad Company by which, in consideration of tho payment by said Company into the Stato Trensury of 7 por cent of its gross roodipts, the Company was ox~ prossly suthorized to prosoribo and fix its own rates of faros and tollé. The Logislatare of 1860 authorized the Railroad Commissioners to clas- | sify tho rallroads of the Btate, and established a- maximum rate of passenger fare for ench class’ ofronds. Under this classification, tho rate of faro on the Tlinois Contral Railrosd is 8 conts & milo. A passenger -tondored to the Railroad Company o fare in conformity with the statuto,- and, being refused transportation, brought suit; the cage was determined, after a long and care- ful deliboration, by Judge Wood, of tho Eanka- koo Olreuit, ho deoiding that tie Logislaturo of 1851 had the power to mako the contract, and the Logislaturo of 1869, nor any subsoquent Legislature or Qonstitutional Convention had any power to ohango or- altor that contract. The patriotic citizons along the lino aro fully awaro that this declsion has been mado by tho Oixcnit Qourt, and that, until that dociston is overrnled, tho legislation of 18069 and all other logislation prescribing the rates of faro toho ohargod by this Railrosd Company must bo held invalid, Nevortheless, they rush to the trains, -and ride up and down tho road day after day under tho impression that they are upholding tho majosty of the law by paying only 8 cents por milo, The Railrond Company, porhaps, by way of hurlosquing the three cent raid, has announced its rondinoss to transport any exonrsion party at tho rate of two and Bsoven-tenths ceats por mile —n trifle less than tho raiders pay. Hence, there is not a village along tho whole line of the road, which cannot have its entire population transported slong the road for & long or short distande at tho rate of 3 conts and 7 mills por Ppasgenger per milo. But tho good people along tho road; from oity, town, and villagd, put thom- gelvos to great inconvenience, and, rushing to the traing in gregt numbers at every station, oxnltingly vindicato thalaw, and trinmph over the Railroad Company by paying 80 conts, 88, and 80 for tignaportation, whon tho Company would gladly and oheerfully accopt 27 cents, $2.70, and §27. Theso good poople, tharefore, aro not only adding largely to the revenues of tho Railroad Company, butaropaying 12 per cent more than necossary, aince o party large enough to ovorpowor the train ‘men is usually large enough to make an oxourslon party. Thoy have the added satisfaction of knowing that out of overy dollar they spond on the rosd 7 cents go into the State Tressury. i . " Novortheless, it may bo doubted whother thera is not more harm done in the long run by these spaamodic raids in bohalf of justice than would result from tho slower progress of tho Cgiurtn. The validity of this railroad logislation i8 now before tho Supreme Coutt of llinois, upon appeals from Cirounit Courts. It is a ques- fim'x which has beon and is ocoupying tho atten- tfon of tho lawful tribunals in many of tho othor Btatos. Our national pence and prospority, as gompared with tho anarchy of the other ropublics, havo “been dup’ to the ®uni- versal respect shown by the people for the Jaw; aud for their endurance even of great bardships rather than to resort to violonco to accomplish vpnt thoy seok, Justice moy at times bo slow, bat if loft frao, is always cortain. The right and tho wrong of this railrond logisla- tion axo ot to bo detormined by town mostings, nor mob q‘trl‘:gglu}! with railroad conductors. 'Wlmé tho declsion comos it must be oboyed, and no ono can claim gbedioncs to such judgment who, in sdvance of it, hag attempted to setile the question by yiolonce, IMPORTS AND STATE TAXATION, There is & claes of persons in this country whong polition! cducation has taught thom to be- leve thal Congross pgn dp guything it likes, ytter- Iyregardiosa of consatitutional limitations, Of this clngs seem to bo tho Boston Toard of Assessgrs, who have rocently lseusd a afrqular calling upon tho acnboard citles to unito in n petition that Congross phall pass a law suthorizing the Btate Governments to levy and collect taxos upon fm- ports, Tho absurdity of tholr actionis increased s the ciroumstances that bhave léd to It When tho ‘Commissioners for rovising the laws of thy Htate of Now York made thir firet report, which wes proparod by Mr, David A. Walls, ‘sttenifon wpp golled to the fact that 1t had Licen m common Gogur- ronce, partloularlyin tho Now England Statos, to levy o local tax upon Imported goods, aud that j the oustom &ffordéd an opportunity for froquont reclamations, Thoreugon the Boston Board of Asgossora vindortook (o fustfy tho praolico, | Tharo hiad boen a deolsion by tiie Bupromp Gonrt, -tho bonds worthless, power over Congross. In one place the Conatl- tution eays that “no State shall, without the consent of Congross, lay any imports, or dutien on {mports or exports, excopt what may be abso- Iutoly nocessary in eoxoouting ita inspoction lawa; and’ tho not proccods of all dutios and in;pnrtn laid by any Biato shal be for' the . uso of . tho Trossury of the United Btatos” If, thon, Congross should give its conmont, Boston or Massachu- sotts would simply be an agont to collect tho ducs of the United States Government, But, in axother soctlon, the Constitution oxprossly pro- - vidos that *all dutles, imports, and excises shall bo uniform throughout the United Btates” If tho facilitios for importing were ogual throughont the country, Boston would not, Pprobably, find any objeotion from ather empori- ums ¢o her policy of burdening her merchants with an extra local tax, and thus disabling them from solling upon oqual torms with importera elsowhoro, But tho cities and Btatea of the in- land bhavo. no disposition to submit to any import taxos which are not legal, as they are forced to buy thmugl{ tho seaport oltios, and would oventuallypay tho tax thus ille~ gally lovied. Itis the general opinion of the Weutem_pnqpla that they are already paying enough royalty on imported goods, provided by tho United Btatos tariff, without the scoumula. tion of a local taxation, If tho Boston Board of Asnessors will not view the matter in this light, perhapa they may bo induced to rocognize the forco of tho constitutional provisions. In commenting upon this displsy of ignoranco on tha part of the Boston Assessors, Mr. David A. Wells takos occaslon to point to it as an in- stanco of the lack of information and principlo upon which the systems of local toxation are usully provided. Ho rogards it also as an indication of the injus- tico and impracticability of carrying out a system of local taxation which aseumes 1t to bo noces- eary to sa80a8 overy desoription of propoerty, tan- gible or intangiblo, in order to entablish an oquality.of taxation. Ho says that the local taxation of England, which was formerly main- tainod on guoh a basls,was only remodelled upon docislons of the Courts, and not-in answor to popular domands, Mr. Wolls thinks that thia will be the history of tho nccossary changes in the local taxation of this country. —e THE MISSISSIPPI REPUDIATION, Thera i 0 movement in Misalssippi to rescind the resolution passed by the Legislature in 1842, |° ropudiating tho payment of tho Stato bonds. The history of tho origin and repudiation of tho debt In briofly as follows: The Btate onco sub- seribed the sum of §5,000,000 to thostarting of & bank, issued bonds to that samount, and au- thorized o Philadelphia broker to . negotiate them. He succeeded, the bulk of tho bonds be- ing bought by the Barings, of London, the Hopos, of Amatordam, and the Rothschilds. In 1840, Govornor McNutt sent a.mossage to tho Logialature, in which ho advised the repu- diatlon of these bonds, The resson ho gave was that tho Rothschilds .were Jows, or sons of -Abraham, Bhylocks who then held a mortgage on Palestine, which con~ tning tho sopulchre of our Bavior.” The Legis- laturo of 1843, for this or somo other equally ‘bnso reason, acted upon Governor McNutt’s ad- vico, pnesed an'act of ropudiation, and rendered This was done thirty yoars ago, 80 that the amount which Mississippl now owes is equal to $5,000,000, with compound interest at 6 por cent per annum for thirty yoara, In gommenting upon tho propesed resumption of payment on tho part of Mississippi, the Bt. Louls Democrat tells a rathor apocryphal story about o Mississippi politiclan and a Cincinnati Jjournalist,—* both Democrats,"—who, sometime .ainco, concoctad & schems for buying in theso bonde and forcing their ro- demption through action of the Missie- sippl Logislature, It conceives that the prosent ‘movement emanates from theso two arch con- spirators and their colloagues, and makes this the baais of an assortlon that the Btato of Mis- sissippi is no longer bound in honor to pay its dobts, bpeauso ita bonds havo paesed into the hands of sharpers ot more nominal prices, - Wo confess an inability to discovor what this has to do with tho honor or Hability of tho State of Mis- slusipp, suy moro thon if tho dobtor woro o privato individual. It may be, and ng doubt is truo, that tho original purchinsors of tho bonds, who paid full valuo for thom, havo pacrificed thom for little or nothing {n the woll-founded convictlon that they would never bo pald. It i8 an outrage and a ehame that jt should bo so. But tho outrago had {ts origin in the aot of repudiation, and could in no gense by Inoreaged by tho rodemption of tho bonds at this timo, evon though this act of Justico shonld scorue to tho edvantage of epooulators, The Btato of Misslsaippi dwes this dobt as much to- day na it did whon the bonds were first sold, or whon they wore nomnally repudiated. Whother or not the innocent purchasors of tho bonds, who. wore docalved by tho bogus act of ropudiation,. would not havo & good actlon. in equity againet tho Btate for tho demagos which they sustainod Dy th docoption practlsed upon thow, would bo & quostion for.fuiure dotermination. 1t 15 o singular effcumstunce, worthy of men- tion in connoction with this subjoct, that the agt of repudiation, which worked so much injury to innocont porsons, has been tho means of saving tlio Btato of Miesiesippi from s burdon of debt i tho Hmo of Ot Justice Marshall) holding | that suchi a tox wes equivalent to a duty on im- ports, and, thorefore, unconstitutionsl. Butthe corresponding to that which the earpot-bag Gov- ornmonts have imposod upon tho othor Southern Statos, Tho orodit of the Btato has boon go | much Imppired throughout tho world that all tho ingenuity of tho carpet-baggors Lass failed to ralso any monoy on Btato crodit. The county, olty, and town Governmonts of tho Stato have boon aimilarly constrained to be'economical. It was not long ago that the Olty of Vicksburg ondoavored to'sell municipal bonda for $100,- 000, & sum which was to bo ‘dovoted to some public fmprovoment, and the highost bid that camo from any quartor was at the rate of 18 conts on tho dollar, But, while tho Missis- sippi peoplo have boon onabled to esoapo carpot- baog robbery, thero is no hopo for o resumption of thoir prospority until tholi credit s re-ostub- lished. Tho samo distrust which makes capital- ista refuse to took at Misslesippl bonds Las checkod immigration, snd kept away foraign capital that would otherwlise have sought private investmonts thoro, For this rosson, if for no othor, Miseiasippi will some day bs forcod to re~ deem hor ropudisted bonds, If, on the one hand, thoro is roason to rogret that such & ro- domption will beneflt spoculators moro than the ronl sufterors by tho Stata perfidy, the padple of Missiesippl will find somo compensation in the knowlodgo that they have not contributed of thelr substance to the wealth of the carpot-bag- gers who Liave infosted their torritory, —— DEBTS OF THE SOUTHERN STATES, When the rumor came from Washington, & few days sinco, that thore would be an offort to securo tho Introduction of a bill guarantecing tho payment of $125,000,000 dabts of tho Routh. orn States by tho United Btates Govornment, it was regardoed as too prepostoroua to be entitled to considoration. Later advices, however, con- thoStato Governmonts, tlian by any agreemont to ‘pay tholr debts, — .l QUESTIONS AND ANSWEEJ. fl;’ the "i‘:?f,m’w’ Ghicago Tribuns?. * 't 2 Whilo oxposlng tho frauds In Congress in relte tion to the Pncifio Ratirond, witl you bo uug::; obliging 4 £0 toll Lo furmers of Iilinols If it 1a any loss crimis nal for the loglalators of Tilinols to take and rido on tlio raflrosd passca which aro glven {o thom by the difs ferent Railroad Companien which oxpect to hava benee fita bestowad on them by spectal leginlation from thoss samo leglalatora; and also why it in that nothing is #aid inour papora inrogard to it? lanot the principle exsotly tho samo? Are the Rallrond Companies to ba allowed to defy tholaws of this Htalo nnother’yearg 1t &0, will you ploaso fo tell tha farmers why they are any mor undor oblfgations to obey tho laws passed by our Legialaturo-than {Le Railroad Companies -aro, Whom wa all pay tributeto? If you can satiafactorlly oxplain auck sophistry, you will oblige MaNY FAnyzns, ANSWER, 1. The practico of members of the Legialatura rocolving and uslog railrond passos is indefonsl. blo, but not eriminal. It diffors from tho Credit- Mobilier businoss in many. ways, but ohioflyin tho faot - that there Isno Beorosy or deception omployed. Tho wholo pasa 8ystem ought to be abolished, 5 2. Wo take it that Railroad Companies, like al othor companios and peraons, will obey the Iaw whon all disputes rogarding the .oxistende ‘and validity of the law are settled. Ono depmaian of the Government, cnlled. tho Judiclsl Das partment, haa boen - established oxprests Iy to. dotormine what tho law 1a, sod ‘“‘meny farmers" resort to that dopartment every year. Having dotermina ©d what the lawis, thia dopartment {8 armod with ample powors to enforce tho law, and will firm tho report, and show that the secrot move- mont of tho lobby has taken & definito shapo in o circular, sotting forth the plan of the proposed Job, and giving womo vory sbsurd rossons why Congross should rogard It with favor. This organized rafd upon the Troasury of tho . United Siates ia of such gigantic proportions and puch unmitigated au- dacity that’ any eorions contomplation of its success would not bo thought of, if it wore not that tho dovelopments of OCrodit Mobilier and othor huge subsidy ‘schemes have tsught that everything is possiblo beforo Congréss whith has money in it. The proposition is, that the United States Gov- debte of tho Southorn Btates have boon enor- ornment shall buy up the debts of the_Southern Btatos. These debts amount in the aggrogate to $201,000,000, and it is estimated that they may be sbsorbed by the fssue of 125,000,000 in United Statos 4 por cont bonds, . Tho United Btates Government is askod to incrosso- its debt to this modest amount, and to pay the intorest on it for twenty years. It is generously ngroed that the Southorn States shall begin to pay back the interest to the Government aftor the flret four yoars at the rato of 6 per cent por annum, s0 asto oqualize tho intorest acoount at the end of twenty yoars, At tho expiration of thia term of yoars, the Btato _Goveruments are to rosssume the obligation, though thero is no guarantee offered that they will dogo, or that they will bo in any condltion to rélleve the United Btates Government of tho nubflleyl which it will have assumed, The pro- moters of the scheme doign to give thoir ressona why the United Btates Government should add $125,000,000 to ils dobt. They eay that the ‘mously increased by rockloss or criminal legisla~ tion, which waa tho xesult of the roconstruction policy forced upon the Bouth; that ~thoeso debts ' aro largely owing to - citizens of the North, who are probably dosignated as particularly loyal and patriotio; that tho ex- istonce of thoso dobts s projudicial to tho Na- tion's crodit; and that the proporty-holders of the South aro now eo orippled that it is impossi- Dle for them to reviv> thoir induatries. 4 Thera aro just threo classes of people who are intorested in this new job for robbing the Troas: sury: 1. The carpet-bag Governments of the’ Southorn States; 2. The bankers of the North who subsgnibed to these Southern bonds at low figures; and 8. Tho politiciana. and lobbyists who hopo to bo well pald for their. services if they can seoure the proposed Government as- eumption of the debts, A Tho people of the South—the property-owners and workers— have no interest In the scheme, aa’ its consummation, 80 far from rolieving them in the least, would ultimately adad to thelr burdons, The carpet-bag Governments are in- torested, because, withont some such assistanco; they will have run to tho endof their rope. They and their predecossors have exhauated the crodit of the Southorn Btates in tho fraudulont accumulation of debts, Thoy have run it down until they find it impossible to negotiate bends at any price. In this condition of .u:inga,v their only hopo * for futuro steslings is in the disposi- tion of the prosont dobt. The intoreat of North- ern capitalists who have invested in Southern bonds is still greator. Many of thess bonds wore purchased originally atas }pw afiguroas 20 per cont, and, in their present condition, it is not probable that even this much could be obtained for them gt a cash eyerage. If they are worth as much ss 20 per cent, how- ovar, thelr nggregate value, on basia of $201,- 000,000 in bonds, wauld bo 58,200,000 in money. If, in placae of the Bouthern Btates' bonds, the United Btatos could be induged to issuo $126,~ 000,000 of its own bonds worth par, thero would Do a oloar gain of 866,800,000 in tho transaction ovor the present valuo. OQut of thia pretty sum, a socond edition "of Oredit Mobilier could be issued, with brilliant and high-gounding ngmos on the title-page, Tho pmfl} of more than sixty million dollare in the proposed job fully accounts for tho interest of tho third class, consisting’ of tho lobby and such Congressmen as it could control. ,‘ That the proporty-ayners and tax-payers of the Bouth shonld be opposed to the schome fs obylous, Tho Government assumption of their presont (lobts would simply mean an imposition of now debts, contracted for the purpope of ro- newed yobbery. Cortalnly thoy have suffored enough at tho bands of tho carpot-baggers. They havo beon ronderod suping and belplops by tho; wholesalo . pilfering that haa already og- ourred, 'They would be hopelessly bankrupt: would be sold out and driven eway, if the rob- bery should bogin all over mgain, Itistruo conough that the people of the South could not proteot themeelvos from the villany whigh hoa placed the burden of theso dobie upon them, Jt is aleo true that tho United Btatos Govern- ment, orcertaln reckless politiclang tompararily oprosenting it, forced this villany upon thom, But theso are far from belng ronsons why tho Geyprpmont should decroo that the Southorn tatca should go through the samo trisls againe Bueh would bo tho practical effect'of paying oft tho presont State debts, It thero {6 » genuine. disposition on the part of the Govornment to roliave tho Bouth, more can be dono by the removal of troops, and by non-{nterference with undnnl;tadly do,80 fn rospect to Rallway Compa~ nies a8 well as other poople, Thore are some things, howover, which a Court cannot do. It cannot ereato cara and losomotives, nor can' is NOTES AND OPINION, Tho Ropublicans of tho Third Connecticut District have ronominatod Henry H, Btark- weather for Oongress. Ho is now sorving his third term. —The Logiclaturo of Alabama, os united and organizod under ordors from Washington, should have gone into on election of United Btates Sonator (vice Spencer) last Tueaday ; but, by tho arbitrary ruling of Bpoaker Paraons (Re- publican), noumotion for that purposs could ba entertained. An anti-Sponcer Ropublican, Mr. Hunter, who inslsted on an appeal from the Chair, was placed undor arrest for confempt, and his caso will bo furthor acted upon to-day. The purpose is, of course, to force wupon tho United Btatex Beonato a recognition-of Spenoor's election by & body which was not & Legislaturo, though caliing itself ono; and the valuoof such recognition: attaches to $2,000,0000f bonds voted by the 8ama, body of men, and placed ‘with Honry Olows, One would supposo that, if the Btate Troasury of Alabama roquired a £2,000,000 loan, or any other sum, the Logislatare should vote it —In tho Houso of the Missouri Legislature, Friday, the movement for a Constitutional Con= vontion waa defeated by 26 majority. In the 1sst Logislature, the House passod such s mena~ ure, and the Bonate killed it. There is nowmuck talk of a Commission (liko that at Albany, N. ¥.) to propose amendments of the Constitution, —The Obio Prohibitionists, who, twa yeara #g0, polled over 4,000 votes for Governor, ara firat in the fleld, this year, for the Qctober elea~ tion, having nominated for Goverpor Gldean T. Btowart, of Norwalk; for Lieutenant Governor, W. H. Foater, of Columbus, and a full State tickot.. Tho Convention was hold at Delaware, 12th, with abount 100 delegates in attendance. .—‘Bosa" Twoed has naver appeared to olaima ‘'his seat in tha New York Senats, since hin elece tionin 1871, and, to the query why the Senate docs not declare & vacany, the Albany Times anewars: g Tho Hon, Nosh Davis—a staunch Republican, for ‘merly of Orloans County, whers ho was olooted o Jus- tico of tho Bupremo Court and afte to Qongresa, and then ls inted United Btates District ‘Attornoy in. Now York Olty, whore ho la now again on tho Suprpme Qourt Denchi—hus statod that ‘six Republican mem~ ‘ers of tho last Bonats were bribed to yote for tho pres- ent charter of tho City of Now Yark (psssod in §a102 by the paymont of $10,000 to- each of them, and thaf £va of those six Republican Senators, 80 purchased T'woed; are now sitting in the prescnt Bonate, o] 3, Tilden, in his rocent voluminous historioal letter, ‘commemorates this statoment of the Hon. Noah Da~ vis, ‘Thoso five Sonators are men of oxperionce, snd Dhave grest influenca in tho Sonnte, o : —Mousrs, Bhanks and” Noff, contostants for a soat, in Oongress (Fort Wayne ~District, In~ disna) havo been taking teatimony, at Indian- spolis, from the cortified returns, . —Lieutenant Governor Bexton deolded the first tle vote in tho Indiana Benate, the other day, and indefinitely poatponed the bill of Mr. Hubbard relative to 'the rights and powers of married women,” This bill was a draft of ‘tho Michigan law, and renders wives liable for debts the samq &3 their husbands. —The people of Now Haven discover, to their unutterable disguat, that every candidata on the Republican Btate -ticket is on the record of votes in the Legislature in favor of Hartford 88 thosole Capital of Connecticut. The New Haven Republicans are not expeocted to rally at thopolls, - 3 % —Binghamton, N. Y., heretoforo Republican, haa just elected & Democratio Mayor. . ~Tho Buffalo Commercial -Advertiser (Admin- istration) speaks of Scnator Oole, of California, a8 & Demoorat, and in’ & connection which showa that ‘Oasserly was not intended to Le named, Upon what authority ? —The Buffalo Ezgrun (Administration), upon & reviow of the whole case, eays: : ‘We confess ourselves unablo to form any decided conclusion aa to the vordict which should be rendered, ‘We confess, too, that wo are projudicod in favor of Mr, Colfax, Hoving always considored him an honest man. wo cannot easily bring ourselves to think him guilty of porfury, We preaumo that most Republicans Lave - aimilnr feclings, As the evidenco now ptands, thore is certainly not cnough tg convict Mr, Colfax of perjury ‘before o jury, but the people, in forming thelr opinlon, il not, s 'should not, be confined to atrict legel rules, It is_a story of remarkable coincidences, and ovidently will bo received by many porsons with (ncrodul{ty. 1t is unfortunato that the only cor- roborating testimony 1is that of members of his own family, whom & skeptical world will consider intorested, and, thorofore, dublous witnesses,— Eflrgnrd Courant. ~ . ~Colfax and Pomeroy had & little dlspute the othor day as to which follow waa in the worat fix, the ono who was in bonds of iniquity,” or the one who was ¢ In-galls of bittorness,” ‘Ver bard to determine.—Louisville Courier-Journal, —Le Snge in recounting the adventures of il Blas," folls us that that young man onca met & women who, although outwardly a paragon of yirtue, did not, in every rongnut, make her rivate lfo agree’ with bhor publio reputation. E’n some natural oxprossion of astonishment on his part at tho wide disegroomont, &be raplied, with the assurance of oxporience, that it was botter 8o, bocauso she thus menagod to combing all tho plonaures of viod with al] tho roputation of yirtus, Tho mombiers of tho prosont €anz tosn appenr to Lisvo heard the ‘apothogm,an f;hnva beon'strnok with {ts worldly wisdom.— New York Evening Post. —SBonator Jonos, of Novads, means to profit - by the exporicnoe’ of thoso Congrosemen who ar9 acoused of having intergsted thomselyes pocuniarlly {n mattors upon which thoy had yotes, ar of lnvlng sold their votes for cash hoir sondus[p 10 dolu apposing to have los} tho country over $49,000,000, Lesidoy &!’mu h Ind t sottla ] the (nhabltasks of Grost Britaln on, Poople who were charitable said so muol aboup the virtus of refraining from addln the wrong of lying tn fhelr venal votes, that Mr, Joues' thought ho recoy nized ' & now public sontimont oxalts in‘,' the confossjon of bribory into sublimity of inf uul{wnc eandor that oondoned for all the’sin and olevated ‘tho ontiro transaction into herolg virtuo,” Mr, Jonea therefors, in & sposch to the ‘virtuous logislators who perooived in his dollarg in thelr pockets his qualifications for the United Btates Benato, ndmits that he used monoy in the Bonatorial oloction, says custom sanctions it; and that thoso gandidatos'who -ltemyt to deny have ing 8o used' money-aro wmnllugs n ‘both candor and lntnul[,vanca. Cannot the Benate make an oxample of that brazen ses—if ho is gorreotly roported?—Hariford Post (Governor Jewell's pager), ® v