Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 2, 1873, Page 9

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, FEBRUARY OUR DEAD. turial Costoms Considered--Ancient and Hodern Usages Compared. "Fhe Evils of Present Customs Weighed. ~ .A Better Hethod Snggested---Church Tombs, Evening Fu- p . nerals, Ete. How few there are smong 13 who have not at §ome time heard, with grief-torn heart and tear- flled eyes, those solemn words of the |3nnxl ser- vice, # Man that is born of woman is of few dsys, and full of sorrow.” Scme one near and dear to usbas ceased to be, ‘and there is an unfilled void in our ‘hearts which goems to us unbearable. Life's discipline at “guch times is bazd, and we bow to, or rebel sgainst, the decree according to our natural ton- dencies. Meany of us in bitterness of spirit feel “for tho time that it is ** hard to forgive God Al- -mighty,"—while others, with more" pationt en- @urance, with the faith that, whatever they may ‘boforced to suffer, * Ho doeth all things well,” wocept the torture, kisa the rod, and, believing ghiat ¢ He loveth whom ho chastoncth,” find the gublime conrage to say, *Thy will be done.” The perfect one is gone, for the dead alone favo no fanlis; so one might woll wish to pre- cede his friends into the Silent Land, that he smight bo canonized by memory, who, a8 soon 8s frimate becomes inanimato clay, makes saints of allthe sinners, forgotting the evil, andremember- Iog anly thogood. Who among us does not think ot bis dead a8 being the best, the wisest, the truest that ever lived, though, when living, their .$irtues were unrecognized, and they were not found too good for humen compacionship? iill, after having built his temple to Time, the Comforter, who would raze it to the ground to erect ono to Time, the Restorer? We find that ‘our lives go on, that the daily tread-mill of ex- istenco never stops, though o mortal fall ex- ‘hsusted from its wheel, and that death does not tauso even a momentary cessation of the compli-- tated machinery, however much we may wish hatit would. On we go, fitting oursclves into ‘ew grooves, filling up vacant spaces with what- wver presentsitself, until we, in our turn;drop out of humanity's ranks, to have our places filled by those who follow ua Alany and various have heen the CUSTOMS OF DIFFERLNT AGES - and countries respecting! their funersl rites, but from the carlicst records we find the burial of the dead and the adorning of the place of Bepultro assumed paramount importance. - Tho Pyramids and Catacombs of the Egyptians, with the care they tookin embalming their dead, show the respect in which they held theirs. The Hebrewa mourned in sackeloth and ashes, rent Their garments, tore their hair, and lay prostrate “pon the ground, demonstrating their sorrow by an excesgive show of emotion ‘which hardly ‘3eems compatible with our modern idess of in- lense grief. That they considered it a destrable ‘matter to be properly interred is ovident from Lhe interest which they took in preparing their sspulchres, and the fact thot they donied the Fites of burial only to the suicide, sud not o ‘tliose unfortunates after sunsct. The Groeks buried their dead with many cere- monies, ond their pocta assumcd an existence boyond the grave, but gave women small hopo 3t immortality, though, arguing from the finite, o can hardly imsgine a Paradise of men, 88 Jerrestrial settlements of that kind have usually sppeared to contain more of the elements of Pendemonium. -They placed so much stress -upon the burisl rites that one conld not utter o moro awful imprecation than to wish his encmy might dle without mortusry hosors. The Ro- ‘mans were not behind the Greeks in the colem- pity and impressivencss of their funeral ceremo- pies. Purning the bodies of the dead becamo 8n- universal custom among them prior to the ‘Chrigtian ers, but fell into disusg after that timo. i JODERY TEAGES. Having thus seen with what eolemn. consider- ation the ancients viewed all ceremonies cou- ‘nected with the final disposition of their desd, it is not strange that we of modern date cling #ith tenscity fo the enstomary usages’ pre- geribed by society as being suitable to proper interments. Daring the few brief hours that we have them with us beforedustis consigned to dust, Nemesis recelis to us every hasty word, every unkind act, which seemed g0 trivial at tho time, bat which now ve would gladly biot out forover, and whichleadsus tolavish on theuncon- cious cisy & wealth of effection and remorse which, when sentient snd appreciative, it may have pined for in vain, too late to be of any svail ; and though, ss we advauce in life, we Jearn'the -stern truth that all life’s favors oome too late; that what we want most only ‘wesches us when wo have ceased to care forit; acd that the highways of buman existence are ‘lled with individual Tnins whoge rehabilitation %5 impossible, simply becauss the necessary ‘mental or physical requirements were not rocog- nized and provided for in time, still, it helps s little in those first sad hours of bereavement. It may bo well for us that wo ere thus at times ‘brought face to face with our own inefficiency ; for, st least while that etrange pres- ‘enco is in our ‘midst, petty, Personal feelings ate set aside, and, like Capulat £0d Montaguo, wo bury our old snimosities in the grarcs of our mutually beloved dead. Argu- Ing go‘m individuals to mations, is there no les- 80 {0 bo learned from this? in mutual grief over the elain in our own late war,—in mutasl honor to their remeins,—msy_thera not eprmg up mutusl_forbearance and. renewed . frust Deceration Day, when friend and foo, who foll &ide by £ide in betllo, aro, irrospoctize of sec- tional prejudice, remembered by the living ¥ho carry floral tributes to wreethe their fombe, will probably do more toward uniting the sympathies of_the people and Lurying the hatred of war than any political enactment, however wise it might bé. 5, S g g FORM AND CEREMONY would, therefore, seem to be o desircble thing when applied to mortuary rites, but when one- fom Tesds us to these mattors to excess then it is time for sentiment to yield fo-xeason, and-the fancies of the few be opposed by the good Eensoof themany. In taking apractical view of ty funerals, we are naturally led to consider em from a_financial’ point. ~ The cost may be variocsly estimated, ds, from the pine cofiin of +ho pauper to the magnificont burialcaso of the Eatrician, there sre many grades of - the vari~ ©us receptecles for our mortal remains, The average cost of burial is probably about £75, and is rapidly increased by additional earriago hire. The rates vary for the different cemetrizs, 8- Single vehiclo costing from S8 to £10 In propor- ton to the distance it has to go to the cemetery. Thisbringsus at once to the tgnint which wa wish to criticise, and that is the stercotyped: custom of .- S e WL : K _:THE FURERAL PBOCESSION " to what must be in cities distant places of inter- fent. That it is to be condemned for many Itasons seems quite plain to us, and that it hos Ab‘lor;ibeen Bul ted to, geems rather to arise £rom the fact that wo live under tho stern censor- #hip of Mre.' Grundy, then’from any posaiblo B0od which can acerue from it. : As .'a peopls, - wo lack self-respect, £d Tive for our neighbors rather than ourselves, famying even to the verge of the gravo that de- Aire not to seem to be outdone by our equals ‘or 080 a round above -us on Fortune's- Jadder. folly it seems when in the prosence of the Grest Leveller, but it is, nevertheless, the ‘fact t, if our noighbor had five carriages when ghe. her eon, then wo must have six as a prop- er token of respect to our dead brother. How We deceive onrselves ! It is mot honor to ‘the, beloved clay tuat actuates us, but a desire, even ih the sight of Death itself, to keep up s certain smonnt of pretense, and provo the tryth-of John® Btuart Mill's remerks that, ** from the highest class of soclety down to the lowest, everyone lives as though nnder the eye of & hostils and dreaded Censorehip.” Nowhere is this more- apparent than in America, and at no time is it ehown more . Plainly than at the time when, of all others, one ¥6uld b eupposed to ignore it. It is Bo, however, and' we agre ss deyoted ~mar- b ‘to ogur Juggernsut. as the heathen tohis, and eeruinfy in as unreasoning e way. Asit {5 probable, then, that we ehall bo gorerned ton grest extent by what we fear may be eaid, sud that” if Mrs. B. hes a funeral proceseion from her house; Mrs. C. will not be outdone ¥ would it not be well if the custom could be abolished altogether ? . The cost of this part of the ceremonial often imposcs A HEAVY TAX upon the person ‘of moderate means, whose. gma may possibly have already been depleted y the expense cotisequent upon lengthened ill- ness, Incases whora this is not an object, |-Lawk. But the study of lotters shonld be lott to there arises another question bearing upon the well-being of those who are lofl as well a3 the eympathizing friends who havo come to the House of mourning. With tho whole system prostrated by long nights of watching, all en- ergy subjected by the crucl weight of grief, never is one in a less favorable condition to re- sist the inroads of disease _and exposure. And |- what more royal rosd could be found for it ‘to = invade tho citedel of life than the long, cheerless _drive under these conditions to the distant cemetery. It exposcs the delicate and infirm i all seasons, and certainly in inclement weather is productive of positive peril to them, and very probable danzer even to those in good health. This scems to be recognized in Eastarn cities, and in Now York ladies never go to the grave. The male members of the family accompeny the re- mains, and such of their friends as choose to do 50, but from this extra tax upon an already overburdened system the frailer sex are exempt. Therefore, if women sccompany a funeral- procession, it is a gencrally conceded fact that they go sithply from curiosity or for the sako of theride. Addto this that undertakers in all Jarge cities recognize a cluss of * professionals,” it womay 80 designato them, who make it'a |. business to attend funerals, aud, whenever they ean secure & place, avail themselves of this opportunity for A FREE MIDE. Many would prefer this rather then have su- pernumerery carrisges swell the procession, re- markablo merely for their craptiness, but it is not over-pleasant to kuow that our desiro to do homago either to the dead or living .only results in catering to such creatures as these. That our friends, who are willing to set aside the manifold duties of life in order to join with us in the last rites, feel it to boan unjust demand when wo ask them to go with us through snow or rain, no matter what tho weathor or the ‘temperature, is_manifestod in the fact that private carriages, with the curtaing carefnlly drewn, are often driven, occupantless, in their respective places in the dreary proces- sion. So it would scem that even if wo choose to take the consequences ourselves of this terri- Lle drive, we have no right to expoct our frionds to_join us in it, and it would be a very tenuous grief that would coro to aseacisto strangers in tho ead ccremonirl. That it is possible to avoid injustice upon our part, and, &t the same time, imposition upon that of stranjgers, secms very ensy if wo would only abolich this now-abuse custom. s CHURCHK RECEIVING-TOMBS. ‘Let each church havoannoxed to it a tomb or Teceiving-vault, wherotholast solemn ceremonial could seo tho dead deposited, thence tobe re- moved to its distant resting-place; by tho proper ersons, This would ac¢ -once - setile all ificulties arising from - the _ supposed necessity of o procession, and a long journoy to the grave. = Those _whoso daily avocations had been interroptcd might re- turn to thom, while the mourners would not be weighed down with additional care at the very timo when they most nooded rest. ; A RECINT INSTANCE. Those who a brief time saince gatheredin the Cathed-al to'testify their respect for a deceased friend, and their &ympethy with the boraaved ‘ones, cannot fail to remember with & shudder the frightful incleaency of the ‘weather. The fear- ful etorm rendered locomotion almost impossible, aud what & relief it wowld have beenif thore ad only been some place where the romains could have been laid until that dreadful time had assed, the tempost had abated, and then quiet- | l and 'ith the proper attendance Lisya beeu car- ried to their final home. Instead, through all the fierco whirl of that storm, with the bitter wind penetrating every crevice and ciilling each individual throngh, imperilling the lives of all Who formed a portion of it, that dreary proces- sion was forced to_take its way to tho distant comatery. - It wonld seem that this case alone would show the neceseity of some such provi- gion, but when we realize that this is offrequent occurronce, that each such day sces one or more similar procersions, it becomes a _matter of wonder that a simpls clinging to old time superstitions, thai because our fathers did 8o, therefore we_must. Wo nog- Jest to make any better or differcnt provision Tor the proper accommodation of our dead. To those who object to 3 _ CHUBCH FUNERALS, and it is cértain that many do, tiero i a custom growing into favor at the East of hoving tho faveral’ ceremonics performed in tho byening. Tiuy also solves the problem of how to do away with the tedious A’n“a to the distant burial- place, while the whole service gains additional solemnity from tho hour at which i i3per- formed. The still and solemn night, when tho cures of day are endod, and the hurry and bustle of lifo's busy etruggle aro husbed ‘into tamgo— rary quict, seems a ntling time for us to gather 2t fho house of mourning. Many who are most desirous to obtain a look at the face of & friend or acqueintance are thus enabled {5 do Fo, when, if the coremony took place during busi- ness hoars, they would find it absolutoly im- possible to get away without injustice to them- selves or others. Especinlly is this true in re- gard to tho mesculine portion of the community, and many who are anzious to show their interost and sympathy aro . provented from 80 doing in the day-time, but conld do it with- out wrong to themeelves or others aftor tho day's labors wore ended. It is a practical world wa livoin, and its problems, bo they what they may, must_bo met and solved in o practical manber, - It is the living whom it is nocessary to consider and not the dead. Itis rogard for the living that ;i‘mducen the respect ehown for the dead, and, thereforo, if it is botter for them that"certain cistoms should be abrogated, it would be a very falee sentiment that wonld in- terfera to prevent. In the.aovening service at the Liouse, we have scon that many more cam join on sccount of the hour, and that, instesd of detracting from the solemnity of the occa- sion, it makes it still more impressive. Tho flowers seem to inhalo a richer perfume, and their waxen whiteness gleams moro purely un- der the eoftened light with which we roplace the garish glare of day. The anthem thrills ugavith 2 deepor meaning, and the supplications of the pricet fall upon less hoodless cars. We have time to mourn now, and can both fecl and show a more earnest sympathy for our affected friends, - . Let the practical among us then seek to have one of two methoda ostablished. _Either to havo the ceromony i church and {ho body dsposited in & proper tomb attached thereto until it shall be desirable to remove it _quietly to the ceme- tery, or, if the burialgervice is held at the kouse, {0 hivo'it performed in the evening, €0, that all ‘may join in it who wish, and then go to_their scparate homes, whilo, 'tho following moming, b body can be removed, and those immediately intérested can act their own pleasure about ac- companying it to the grave, The First Baptist Courch has a recoptacle of this kind, and there i8 no reason why others ghould not have the same. Itisto the interest " of the living, and in no way derogates from & . proper show of respect for the dead. -So we gope “befora long, the thoughtful among us will see the necessity of adopting some such meas- ure, and then proceed to realizo if ¥ Epglishmen may congratulate themselves that | tho exportation of Americen oysters to British | ghores for breeding purposes lias actually begun. .The largest English oyster beds have given out, though if their place is to be supplied by Ameri- can bivalves there is no reason for the English ‘to regret it. The English oysters wero never good enough-to eat. Ti-is stated that || 5,000,000 oysters have been sent ont from: this country. during the past’ month; only a fow days ago one steamer took ont 2,000~ 000 packed in 1,700 barrels, They are to be dropped at the mouth of the River Humber, and;) at tgn Cleethorpe beds, Lincolnshire. If oysters are thus to be.‘exported by the wholcsale, it .would become some inventive genius to con- struct a barge, with imitation -beds ond » cover- ing of finc net-work, which could bo towed over by fast rteamers without' taking u&fl.\cil'vhl\u- bfe freight-room or adding to their tonnage. Such an arrangement would enmable them tu | deposit the oysters qu the Brifish'"coa~* in s happy & condition 88 & clam in high water is popularly supposed t0 2 - —Tt is rofreshing torecord an-instance of an ebortive attempt to emn'igls an old man into an msane ssylum. The thing is commouly so easily accomplished that tho failuré of {wo duti- ful deughters of Steplien Wakefield, of Bonth ‘Boston, to provide him with a congenial homo - smong the lunatics isworth recording. ‘Itseems | that tifi firat move of the children was to have the old gentleman arrésted for an alleged as- sault, whenit was expectod to show: the Court that he was a dsngerous man to bsve at large, ‘This resuited in 8 fine of ono’cent without dosts. One of the daughters now wanted the Court to sppoint a gu ian for her on the gronnd of his insanity; but at this point the papers got hold of it, and the matter was so thoroughly venti- 1nted that, when the case came beforo the Court, there was noone to zppear. 5o the old man with the loving d.uu&l.nen is not goirg to sn -in- ben her furn’ comes for & Bimilar pagesnt ) sano ssylum after “8ons of “held by the majority in light esteem, it is equal- HOW THEY WENT TO SCHOOL, ~ T A curse on these stupid letters! I swear by God's body I'd rather that my son should hang than study letters! For it becomes the ontlomen to blow the hora nicely, to hunt skilfally, and clegantly carry and train a the sons of rustics.” This was the emphatically-cxpressed opinion of an English country gentleman of the old &chool, whose ire had been aroused by some re- marks in praise of learning uttered by his com- pavions st & diopor-table, nearly 800 yoars ago. Having thus _doliverod his formal protest - sgainst tho innovating ifiirit of progress that already began to ako tho fonudations of society, tho tough old conservative * caught hold of & cup of wine " and “ began to drink,"” probubly coupling his draught with & sentiment : * Confusion to all book-learning. " Bat whilo it is true that medimval knighthood lookex on the profeesion of letters as unbecom- ing & member of its order, and lenrning was ly true that the greatest pains were taken in 8o educating the embryo chivalry of England that they should fill their allotted station in lifo with credit to thomselves and their or- der. Though they koew nothing “of Aris- totlo ‘and of his philosophy,” lenving such matters to ‘‘ clerks of Oxenford,” who hoped to ' getton them yot a benefice,” they were tanght how to “sit on horse, and fair rides” to Joust in the tilt-yard, and dance in the hall; to read love-romances, and write amorous dittiea; to_barp, pipe, and sing; to Lnow the oxact order of managing o louschold, 2nd the de- grees of rank and precedence; to serve the table, and to carve ; and, if opportunity offered, to master the Latinand French tongues. Learn- ing was of doubtful utility, if not a positive damagé; but a perfect knowledge of courtesy, rednced 23 it was to a science, could nob . i pensed with. The schools for the upper classes : -were therefore to be found in the houses of tho Emnt nobles, where the young scions of the no- ility wera sent to be tenght urbanitie aud nourture.” : The young gentlemen who were educated. in ‘these first-class boarding schools had no easy life. During the firat staoge of their progress thoy were taught the rudiments of knowledge, 80 that they might b ablo to read tho chronicles and romances for thoir masters and the ladies of the houschold when they grow oldcr, and write French sircentes for their mistresses, Arith- ameticwas a_study befitting only sordid mer- chants, or blear-eyed scholars who used it as a stopping-stouo to the knowleage of geomatry— then . considored Zsu oceult scienco—and was boneath the motico of men of .gentle blood. ‘Tho, plan of coax- ing students on_the road to knowledge had not. thon been discovercd. Tho pupils were “ pinched,” and “bobled,” and ¢ truly belash- cd,” that they might projress on the painfal path of duty. Not only the tescher, but all their superiors in the household, kicked and cuffed the * young enfantes ” at will. " The max- im of the Israclitish King, that bas caused cen- turies of juvenile suffering, was then Leld in Ligh honor, thoss having cliargo of tho young Deiug advised 4To give their plants no grezt credence, A rod reformetl all their insolence ; H Who spareth the rod all virtue setteth astds ™ But the acquiring of the arfs of roading, writing, and one or two lsngmages, was but & subsidiary fenture in the system of education, ‘and not unfrequently was scanted or altogethor omitted. The studies coneidered of real impor~ tance wero thoeo of zrma and courtesy—how to bebave in tho ficld and in the hall. The militery education was commenced by gymnastic exor- cises, mnnindg leaping, and tilting at posts and pondent sand-bage. As the pupil grew older, ho ‘was mounted on horseback, and instructed in tho msnagement of his steed. To tho tilting ot posts and pendent objocts were added tilting at the ring with the horse at full speed, and finally the jouet, in which thrusts were taken as well as given. Then his education in arms was com- plete, and he was ready for knighthood and had the right to enter the lists at tho towrnament, or ;_‘o ‘t:]xl:n & post of honor and danger in the battle- old. Tho art of courtesy covered everything relat- ing to the manners and wmorals of good Eocioty, from the proper postare at church to the exach manner in which 5 nobleman showld wash his hands, aad how the table-cloth skoaldbs shaken aud folded. Soveral treatises sorving as man- uels of iustructions on these poinls have come doven to us, and they afford o curious pictara of tho inmer life of tho uppor claseea of tho middlo ages. Written, ‘s they were, in_ differont forms, and for use of different housebolds, thore is so close o genoral rotomblance as to prove that they rovaal the genoral lifo of tho age, aud not of siomo isolatod housohold. Whother books o courtosy, of urbanity, of the table, of nuriuro or of curving, they, oll inculeato somo gonoral moral principles, givo some instructions in the rules of comman decency, and describe minutely tho cconomy of th houdchold, lasing pasticular stress on the etiguotte of the iable. ~The youth ia told to fear God, oboy his superiors, and keop his nails clesn. - When standing beforo s su- porior, ho must stand perfectly still, withou spitting or sniffing. At table he1s fimt to sco that his hands ere clean, and his knifo sharp. If oporsonof higherrank sits noar, to him shonld bo given the privilege of first touching tho moat. The point of thia instruction will be seen when 1t is rorcombered that the English poople were then not generally acquainicd with “ The Jandablo use of forks, . Brougat into custom here, s they aro in Tialy, To tha sparing of napking.” - i Tho joint was grasped in ono hand, while, with o other, armed with o gharp Imifo, a slice was cut off.” Tno brezd, set by the troncher, ehould, sccording to strict tablo otiquotte, bo splic in. two, tho upper half being cat in four and thon st together in one piece; the lower half cut in threo and turned down on the others. Nothing should be eaten or drunk until the meats were brous:ht in. Beforo touching the moata the nails should be cloan, *lest thy follow loathe thee.” The pupil is told not to bite tho bread and lny it down, for that ‘is no courtesy to uso in town.” Tho pieco to bo eaten should be broken. Par- ticular stress is laid on tho injunction not to cat with the knife, which chows tho antiquity of the stroggle between otiguette and a common cus- tom which any well-filled hotel-table will ‘show hasnot yet becn abolished. Minute directionsare given in a matter that argues unfavorably of the general decency of the people. It was consid- ered uncourteous to spit on the table or blow one'a noso in the table-cloth or napkins, and the diner is strictly enjoined, should he have occa- sion to resomble the stevedores and teamsters of to-day in contempt of such cfeminato con- trivances as pockot-handlkerchiefs, to, “Look thy hand thou cleaneo withal, Privily with skirt doitaway, ~ Or cls2 through thy tippet that is g0 gay.” and it is ** uncomely mothinks” to take hold of the meat in carving with tho ssme finger and thunb st Lad Jut geaeped thamoso, ot tho B Kvove elt ure cleaned, No doubt about - that, things, heis abjured— “ From blackmess always keep thy nafls,” In an age when the English were a more mu- gical people than they or thsir kindred are now, singing and playing formed & necessary part of the page's education, and, as he grew; * “Byngynge he was, or flowtyrge, all the day.” . The harp, flute, and pipe were the instrumenta on which he was taught to practice. Ho wasin-| structed how to sing ballads, part-songg, or to join in the church—chsxts, if need bo. At 14 he passed from the condition of a pago to that of s squire, and sssumed a more Tesponsible position. . To'tho general instruo-" tions in good manners and the_usages in good sacicty were now added partioular explanations 25 to the duties of the several members of a no- blemsn's_ houschold. Each g’ squire was appointed to fill & particular post, according to his birth end rank, tho places‘of honor ‘boing _ those . nearost the - lo and ~ the highest -~ ronk - baing that of chief carver, a poition generally filled by a son ‘of tho lord himeelf, like the young squire of Chancer's' Canterbury Tales, of whom it 1y b i e A “ Courteozs he was, lowly, and mvimhle“ And carved before his father at the table. . 'Thud educated in all that portained to armg and courtesy, troined to set & squadron in the lord’a" person, field, or marshal a household in the castle-home, the young Linight -or noble comploted his’ edu- cation and entered the world, perfectin the ‘nknnwladga considered fitting ‘for his station in ife. P . ‘But, while the noblo wos being thus treined {for tho position to which tus accident of birth called him, what weg “doné with tho knave ? The sons of tho rich and “paw{erful wero above Look-learnjng—=¥ers or and humblo por- mitted to.acquire it ? ab chance it was in- tonded they whould have may be gleamed from tho statute of Richard IT., enacted A. D. 1333, in which it is ordsined that *‘ ko orehs, which.} used to lsbour at thi L»lcugh or cart, or other Iabour oy service of hiisoandrr, till ihey may be of the-age of 1% years, that from henceforth they shall sbido at the same labour, withont being ‘put - to any mystery or: di- eraf;,” ‘and, in A. D. 1405 a statute of Henry IV. confirmed and rendered mory em- phatic the ordinance, with thg saving clause that ¢ overy man sud woian, of what estate or condition that he be, shall be free to set their son or daughter to take learning at any manner of school tlat pleaseth thom within ihe realm.” Iz 15 the dearest wich ¢f the DoQTest Poasaniry in Ifeland af the presont day, that cno boy of the family may be brought up to thi altar, and for this u}mrpose the parents pinch, and contrive small economies, that he ma; havo an edacation fitting him' to "enter on his studies for the priesthood. A gimilar feeling existed among the poorer . peasantry of the pre- Reformation age, and, where there were two boya in a family, one might grow up to be the “ poor El:rsnn of a town,” *‘rich of holy thought and work," and 5 “,...als0 8 Jearned man, & clark That s gospel truly would preach,” ‘while the other remained * . ... .lmughmln, ‘his brether, . ‘That had y-laid of dung full many a fother," To every monastery and cathedral was at- tached a school, or at least a person competent; to instruct in grammar and church music. The son of tho plowman could there obtain such in- struction as was given, free of expense, and the 1aw we have cited protected bim in his effort tc | acquire learning. The servants of the Church, too, were glad to obtain recrnits for the sarvice of the altar in thie way, it keing generally un- derstood, although no obligation ‘to' that ‘effect wag imposed,b at the pupils of the monas- tic' schools should. become sersants of the Church in somo capacity... If the boyproved an apt scholar, and gave promige of doing credit to his protectors, Le was sentin due time to the Universities of Oxford: and Cambridge, which were mainly stionded by poor men's sons, Lhonfih occasionally. the #on of*a rich noble sought education there, without greatly dis- tinguishjng himself by the result. - - The struggles of the * poor scholars” at the universities are recalled by the . experience of students at come of the Western colloges, who sufipon themselves, while going through their collegiate - course, by performing manual Iabor at odd hours, teaching country-schools during college vacations, and pinching their stomachs and backs to farnish” their The_chief pownt of differene is, that the poor scholars of Oxford or Canterbury begged: a' maintensnce, which the student of an amsri- can college would ecorn to do. The author of tho old poem, ““God -Speed the Plough,” com- plains, in the namo of the husbandman, that, in addition to other burdens on him,— “Then cometh clerks of Oxford, snd make their moan ‘To their school-hire they must have money,” Licenses to beg were sometimes given by the Chancellor to tho students, and 8ir Thomas oro showb tho dcégfldmg shifts to which the embryo priests ond future mon of learning wero sometimes reduced by saying that *then ‘may we yet, like poor echolars of oufi on bogging with our bags and wallets, and sing ¢Balve Regina’ at rich men’s doors.” At one time the commonalty of Oxford” sot asids a yearly payment to- furnish one hundred poor fcholers with * 2 mezl of broad-ale, and pot- tago, with one large dish of fleeh or fish ovory St: Nicholas Day.” ~ That scint wasprobably tha most blessed in the poor fellows' calendar, and the rccurrence of his festival anxiously and hungrily looked forward to. The anthor of “Piers Plowman’s Vision” warned mer- chants to make better use of their money by ¢ getting scholars to school,” and Choucer's # poor clerk of Oxenford” prayed busily for the souls of thoso who geve him money that he might study, while lus * poor scholars two " of Canterbury thought it no shame to take their ‘Backs of college-wheat to the mill for grinding. In time the sons of tho rich came in greater numbers to tho universities, aud edged the ‘children of the poor toward tho doors. Even thoso of the “poor scholars” who remained, sud passed through the prescribed course of study, wero cheated out of the prize for which thoy had studicd and struggled. The church- livings were given or sold to rich men’s sons or favorites, and the poor scholar, wLo begged that he might learn, was turned out, a graduste who had to beg for the remainder of his life. ‘While the sons of the rich are bewg trained {n arms and courtesy fo fit them for the knightly profession, and the sons of the country poor Wero picking up with painful Iabor the knowl- edgo itting thom for tho church, the sons of tho citizons and townsmen were cared for by en- dowed_grammar-schools, of which thero were many in the principal cities and_towns in Eng- land. London schools wore held in high repute. The sons of prosperons “cits” and tho emaller L'El of 'born gentry” sttenfed them, while the endowments of tho -founders and bonefactors of ‘tho school made lil provision for ths maintenance and education of tho poorer youth. Tho lifeof & scholar at theso schools hus boen pictured by several wko spoke from ‘expericuce, romo of them. with & smariing recollection of the pains and sorrows of him that getteth learning. Titzstephen, as cerly a8 4. D. 1174, speaks of threo schools 'connected with leading churches, ot which, on festival days, the scholars heid pub- lic disputations, or made orations. _The sports wore manifold, and _are described with minute- ness and ~ ovident enjoyment by tho chronicler, who _prefaces his acvount with the remark that “wo have all beon boys.” At Bhrove-tide tho boys brought oach o fighting-cook to the master, and the foro- Dnoon was spont_in seeing the cooks fight in the school-room. - Dinner followed tke cock-fight, and, after dinner, thore was foot-ball in ‘the fields. Every Sunday in Lent there was & sham- fight in the fields, and on Esater holidsys a game of water-quontain on the Thames. In the summer holidays the boya exercised themselves in leaping, archery, wrestling and other o8 of strength mad skiL™ In win- or holidsys thero wero skating-matches on the ico in tho'. marohes to the north of the walls, with boar-tights, hog-ghte, bull 2ud bear-baiting, es mo; diversions. Lydgate, toward the close of the fourteenth contury, confessod, in his *‘Testament,” to school-boy shortcomings =~ that could be trathfally pleaded by many & school-boy of to-dey. Ho ssys that, in his boyhood, box fpringucld Expro fore his fiftecnth year,.he.was ‘ vgnsud to. " full of wilfulness, |, **Giiman Pa: many unbridled passions, Ioth to study, and fond of play, over-ready for ?mflli:g and fighting, but standing in awe of the master's rod. Like Shakspeare’s school- boy— . And rhining momsiig Tav hmp""“s}:;lunmu l m mmmu;l}_wnm;s R S 5 Lydgate “had in custom" to come toschool lats, and, when there, to spend hia time in idle gosaip mn:fi:mnl, instead of in study § 4o lie, in order. to k blame ; and 0 mock his master when” his back was turnsd. The fruit in other men's gardena tompted him, as it has tempted many school-boys - singe, and he climbed hedges and walls to stoal sapples and grn cs. The innate ..spirit of . mischief 3at incites boys to mock and annoy their elders, and to laugh at their misfortunos, is not poculiar resent (fiegemtinq Lydgdte's chief de- 00-bog, Wag— - ) to the sire, when a s a tuins . To scoll and mow, like a wanton ape ; When 1aid ovil; others I did accuss” = Loth to rise; more loth to go tobed; com- ing to dinner with dirty hands: heedless of the advice or reproofs of his friends ; sham- ming illness when ho was too lazy to study; more ready to count cherry-stones than to go to church—Lydgate was gica & school-boy a8 hms voxed thq nonls of schoolmasters in all 2ges, and all countries whera the school ig an ‘established institution. i i " Lydgate says that— »-" " ££0! the yara, somettme ¥ stood in awe AT mne s o The schoolmasters in olden times were no sperers of the rod. Roger Ascham, in his :“’Schoolmaater,” has recorded his testimony as'| 1o the manner in which the teachers of his day. ‘ibrashed knowledge into their-pupils, and his _E‘rnuteat sgainst ‘the barbarous folly.. Thamea sser, who was schooled at Etan, sorrowfully tells how ke “m“‘"'fi““:fl“i‘“ Fhen Bty Biire redpen l.:ammm"”m‘.f"" AtonceThadsy ' For fault but small, or nana st all, SRRt ‘ace the mercy """ To me, poor1sd ™ But the best pictura of the old-time echool- boy, his troubles and his’ sentiments, is con- tained in the following verses of a well-flogged echolar of about A. D. 1500, evidently written con dolore: < “Hay! boy! by this da : What u-mgt‘x'x’ itma m’m}ah Imynsy? “Twould fain bea clerky - But yet it is a strange wotky ~ . ¢ bty The birchen-twiga b 3t maketh mo hiavoa tiint heart, : ‘What availeth it me though 1 ssy nay? *'On Monday, fa the morning; when I shall rise . Atsix of the clock it 1 the gise 4 o go to school withart prase— T had lever to go tweniy mile twis! - . Woat avalleth it mq thoogh T saymay? + &3y master Jooketh az he were mad: . {Whore hast thou been, thongh 1d? ¢ ducks, iy mgther badey’ * . .. It was no mn'n&uwngkl ‘were 8ad, ‘What availeth'it me though Issy my? * My master peppered me.with well good-speed It 'Was worse than finkel-seed : . He would not leave till ft did bleed. Much 5orrow have he for this deed. ‘What svaileth it me though % ssy nsy # master were s wat [bare], 1d-cat. eads. [ 2, 1873 9 “1 wonld my master were 3 hare, And ali his books hounds were, And I myself » jolly hunter ; To blow my horn I would not spare! For, if he were dead I would not care. -__ " "Wust availeth it me though I asy nay?™ 3. H. A: Lone, in Apletons’ Journal, % . . ITEMS AT LARGE. _ Detroit has invested $1,979,903 in street-pav- ing. ~The wine product for Los Angeles County, ICH., this season, is estimated at 1,400,000 gal- ons. —The bounty of 15 cents on Baid to have cost Nebrasla 925, - —The exports of wheat from Winona in 1872, radncilx;g e flour to bushels, were 3,773,344 els. —The Kansas Pacific Railroad took to Denver, last year, 11,950 passengers, and brought away 6,708, - —Btate Sngerintendont Fallows, of Wiscon- sin, reports that one-third of the children of Echool age (between 5 and 21) in that State, did not attend school during the year 1872. —The Haverhill (Mass.) High School Princi- pal whose troubles over carrying s pistol in school Liavo been agitating that city for weoks, has resigned. —Dr. Green, the Doston City Physician, has hed alrendy thirty-six cages of persons who had | the mm-%ox the second time, and five or eix cases that had taken it for the third time. —The whalers of San Diego captured two' whales on the 22d, but one of haci ascketn dag water, and now the entire Bfiupn]ntinn of the vil- lage are standing on the shore waiting for that whale {o come up. —The: contributions to the printer's tvpe- metal statue to be erected in Greenwood to tho memory of Mr. Greeley, have been so numerons " that the movement is an entire success. It will be made as spoedily a8 possibe. S —Of the thirteen furnaces and foundries at Peekskill, N. Y:, two are not running, and near- 1y 1,000 workmen are thus thrown out of employ- ment, for the winter. It will cost £50,000 to start one of them, on account of some irregularities. —A narrow-gauge railroad from Iowa Falls to Davenport, through Tipton, is receiving con- ‘siderable attention all along the Jine. Tho pro- ject is understood to be pat forth by the Grang- ers, and the idea seems to be for the farmersto build and own it. opher scalps is 08 in two years. HOTEL. CENTRAL HOTHL, Market-gt., bet. Madison and ‘Washington-sts. This new house, just completed, and containing 200 ‘rooms, is now open to the public on the American plan, at SRS0 PEER DATE. Regular boarders will be accom- modated at moderate rates. THOS, KENDRICK & CO, PROPRIETORS. RAILROAD TIME TABLZ. AREIVAL AND DEPARTORE OF TRAINS. ' Winter Arrangement. RXPLANATION OF REFERENCE MARKS.—1 Saturday ox- oopted. * Sunday cxceptod. 3 3fonday sxceptod. | Ar- rive Sunday at8:0a. m. § Dally. CHICAGO & ALTON RAILROAD. is Through Line, and Loutsiana City. Cnion icagoto Kansas i Leave, | Arrive. 8t. Louis & Springfield Exproe: th:lnLln‘L’r.. g Kaneas City F: Jackaounille, 1 1, 9:15a. m. {* 8:10p. m. 40p. m.!* 3:10p. m. * 4:10 . m.|® 9:40 8. m_ 79:00 p. m. 99:00 p. m. $3:0) p. m. 33 " 90 p. m. E: [247:20 p. m.. e m. % Dally, via Maln Line, and dally oxcopt Saturday, via Jacksonvillo Division. % Dally, via Main Line, and dadly, ‘3copt Monday, via Jackionvills Divisioa. CHICAGO, BURLINGTON & QUINCY RAILROAD. Depots—Fovt of Lakest., Indianar., and Sizleenth-st., and Canal and Sixteenthosts. Ticket oiice in Driggs House and at depots. wnor's Grove Accommodation; ILLINOIS CENTRAL RAILROAD. Dapot foot of Lakeat. and soot of Ticenty-second-st. e ot s et f Do §t. Lonts Express 8¢, Louls Fast Linc. cal il §’§°§ i Hiydo Bark 234 038 (oot Hyde Fark and Oak Woo *%0n Saturdays this trala CHICAGO, 1IHDIANAPOLIS & CINCINNATI LINE, VIA KANKAKEE ROUTE. SFrataa arrive and. from the Great Central Ratiroad “Depot, kecaf, | For Urough tickels and sleeaing- ‘car bertha apply a: Ticket ofice, 55 Canalst,, corner Aadi- s0a; 120 Washington-st.; Tremont House, corier Congrest- at, and Michigan-av.; alio soot of Tweniyrscond-st.. Arrive sy Ir ‘Arsive at Olnclomati ... “Tralns arzlvo at Ohicago at 100 u. m. a0d 9:15 p. . Oy lae running Sstarday Highs testn to Cincintil. The outlre train Tuns through 1o Clncinnats, Pallzian sleepers on night tralns. + - CHICAGO & MORTHWESTERN RAILROAD. Tickes office, 81 Weat Madison-st. Pacifio Fist Lin Dubuqua Day Exprass. Facifo Tght Bepres haque Sight L Freopart & Dubuaque Exprosa:.. Dubnguo Expross.. CHICAGO, ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC flAILEGAi). € Hayris d Sherman-ets, e 3 B e o e o = < |_Eeare. | Arrize. Leavonw'th& Atchisnn Ex; *10:00 a. 2. | 4 Pern Atcomry 01 p. m. [* 9: Night Express. . w1 T LAKE SHORE & MICHIGAN SOUYHERN RAILROAD. 4 THarrizon and Sherman.ste. Tickst it e o i s e b v Arrice. Zears, * 920 p. m. * 8:00p. m. .umlm. " CHICAGD, DARVILLE & VINCENNES RAILRORD: Passenger Depot af St Louts Depot, corner of Ca~ L e b T oot s e and Garroll-str, FrelgM asd Ticket ofice, 168 ful(uylmut! haking effect Dec. 1, 1972 : Zeave. | Leave._|_drrice, WESTERN RAILROADS MICHIGAN CENTRAL & GREAT -enty-second-rt Depot, foot of Loke-st., and foot of Tir Ficket ofice, 75 Canal-t., corner of Hadlson. Kighs Ex L WELE Ly N aal Fustneer Axwits | jTg copartnerabin hegetoforo cyisting bt an | i AMUSEMENTS. McVICKER'S THEATRE. ZEK. MAX MARET: . ..DIRECTOR, GRAND ITALIAN OPERA To-morrow Evening, Monday, Feb. 3. First appearanco of Earopo's Greatest Lytio Teagedicane, PAULINE LUCCA. Donlzott's celcbratod Opera, 1n 4 acts, Clara Louise HKolloss.- IL TROVATORE. ...CLARA LOUISE KELLOGG. Azucens (Her fitst appearance) Manrico., ) Count di Ferrando... Conductor. Wednesday— PAULINE LUCCA. Thorsday—C. L. KELLOGG-) Friday—Fiteh Opera Night, Sal Pric Goneral Admfsssion. crvod Soata In Resersed O Boers bpeaat 1, Opera boging at8 o'clock precisely. ors open at 7, A X . Corriagbs tan bo opdored T ik s STAR LECTURE COURSE. GEORGE WM. CURTIS, The Sir Philip Sydney of America, GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS. who fills tho Easy Chair of Harper's Monthly, nd edits Harper's Weel . Zazar, has cousented to visit Chicazo for the first o 12 yonrs, 20 deliver two Lacturcs, (e first Barles Dickons, " Feb. 10, inaugurating the, Second Star Course on tha South Sid=} thy tecond on +* Women of to OId i Ne: attho Union Park Congregational 11,” jnaugurating the West Side Socond . "It I with great diticalty that Alr. Curtis s induced to lay neldo his arduons datics long ‘enough to visit West, and it is oxtremely unprobable if ho will again do s0 for many years, Admission, 7503 reserved acats, S1.00; for ealo at corner Madison and Stato-sts., %5 Wabasti-av., for the Souzh Side, and at cornor Madison and Halsted-sts., aad 455 adison-at., for the Weat Sido. THEODORE THOMAS CONCERTS. M. Thomao has sdded to tho sizty reqular mombers of hi' orchestra a now Violin Solofst and Violoncellist, sud will bo aseistod by tha ronowned Planlst, MISS ANNA MEELIG. Th firet concertwill bo girsnFob. 17, Ia the Michigan- - Baptia Cazzeh, and thio Taion Bark oo best pioes by 3 et civen of rossrvad Sos:s hara EVER Bl ihaso omzn cac Foen placod AUCH tho_prices LOWER THAN 8LS0. Resorse reats now for salo at usual Erardepota, Wendsll Phil- lips, Feb. 212nd 5. N3 entortainmonta next M d Thceday. | CALPZNTLR & SHELD( ‘fx:::d:s’r:b MYERS OPERA HOUSE, Monroc-st., betwadn Dearborh and Stato-sts. Arlingon, Cotion & Kemble's MINSTIRIE LS. An Entire Change of Programme! MA.CK:D.\T & WILSON In thelr elaborate Songs and Dances. Quartette: ¢ The Xnigh’ts Farewell,” Tsrell, Kayns, Lang, and Surridge. THE HAUNTED MAN! A DAY'S FISHING! The whalo to concluds with the Iuzhablo skotch of MORE SUITORS THAN ONE. Every evening and Satarday matizce. STAR LEOTURE COURSE. ACADEMY OF MUSIC. Mouday end Tuceday, and Wodnesday Matineo, Grand sival of thy Lecitimste Drama. The CARLOTTA LE CLERCO, Jn bor superb rendition of AT LTS, Giprassls.for Bflss Lo Clarca by. o o 1 orion Bufwor 1o thy beantifal 5sct.play, LADY OF LYONS, - Wednesday—MASKES AND FACES. Triday—BenchtehS FOU LIRE IT. Monday noxt—PYGYALION AND GALATEA.- S:H\lu);uh and avoid tho n}fi"d. "STANDARD HATI. I3t Anmuial ST. GEORGE'S BALL, As ravisod and reairany the au‘hor, tho late ‘Thursday Next, Feb. 6. STANDARD HALL, Mithizan-47., cor. Thirteenth-st. Tickets, §2.00, admitting gentleman and ladies. A lino of *Buases have been engagsd 1o run during the. he "° RIS BARNALD, Frost. - C. J. Bonnouens, Sec's. - GLOBE THEATRE. Moadsy grontnz, Feb. 8, £nd avery night and Wednes- du:nd‘by‘atmdug.\launcu« Nt MISS FANNY HERRING In hor original drama, ontitled the FEMALE DETECTIVI! EAGAY and EDWARDS, the FREEMAN SISTERS, and tho Comedy Combination in a choles bill. Friday Evening next, benositof.J. L. WEATHERWAX. fiss Fanny Herring as JACK SHEPPARD. HOOLEY’S OPERA HOUSE. Patronlzed by the Eiite of Chicagn! Ancther ASsured Sncosss}” JOEN DILLON, the Ohicago favorita, In a nopylar part, Monday, Tuesday, Wedneaday, Thursday, an it urday, Feb. 3, 4, 6, 6 aad % and Wodnesday snd Saturday Datinces, Dyron's powerfal drama, e BLOW FOR BLOW! The great star company ia tho cast. Magn{Ecentmount- ing. Saperb scenzry, Thrilling Incldents, Friday night— Benofit of Jobin. 1n preparstios, the great Lon. and New Yark PERRG Shamo,” 41so o new vorslon of the original perversion of *'Thd Gentlo Sav. s, and *“Peril: gz, Love at Long Branch.” ORPHEUS HATL. | GflN]] VOCAL AND THETRUMENTAL, CONCERT, By Mrs.CHAS. WETZLET, kindly a«sisted by Miss Lens (astreiter, Soprano: Mr. E.Scbnltzy, Tenor; Alr. Jos. Selimaly Bewor e, Fonly Fally Hanier: e, Char, o0 oria And LaXoate. : on. | the Orpheus Hall, cor. Pe ‘LECTURE, A highly fnteresting Lectars, entitled * THE WAX- DERING JEW,= will be delivered by the Hon. J. P, ¢ BALOMOR, of Now York, on Sunday, Feb. %, at the Hobraw Temple, corner Peck-conrt and {Vabach-av. Tickets, (0 couts each; can bo had {n advanco at 97 and Sonth Clark-et., and also at the door. TS 0pen AL To'clack; lectars t6 commencs at 8 o'alock p. m. g Tho Grand Masqrerace of the season will be hold At the Tarner Hall “ Vorwarts.” West Twelfth- ' st., Monday next; Feb, 3, 2 Costnmes can bo had at the hail of Mre. O¥fm, Ageut. DISSCLUTION NOTICE. DISSOLUTION cen Solam Hirsh-and Abrazam Hireh, now B beon discolved by smatusl omsent. this Sy Abrans: Hinh rotiring. Tho businow herealter will by Solomag Hiish and Lazacns H st2l9 and Az, kuown as Hioh & Co., manafscturers Uimbreliss and Parasols: wholesalo dspariment 153 Stata- st., retail department 163 Twenty.i I b LRFAROS Hinsi, oo ¢ “BOLONON DISSOLUTION. !The copartnership herutaforo existing between H. W. 4J. M. WETHERELL bas been dissolved thls day by ‘mutual consent, Tho business will by continusd by H. 'W. Wetbarell, at the old stand, 45 ard 47 Jackson-st. Dated Jan. 29, 1373, " REMOVALS, e [}flflm’_’fi; AttrueyatLaw, .+ Room 1 Cebb's Buildiny 41302, same ofica occunied o Ty BEAT 3 " | placeta the best. (e i THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE. 1873. THE 1873. CHICAGO TRIBDNE, PROSPECTU, THE DAILY. THz TRIBUSE enters npon the coming year in the oce pancy of its rebuilt business promises, the ncw Tribone Building, In tho heart of the restored business centrs of Chicago, and is prepared, taa dogros better than evos betore, to fill and carry to still higher standpoint. THE PLACE IT HAS CREATED IN JOURNALIEM In its growth it has kept pace with the dovelopmen of Chicagoand the Northwest. By tho advancement in wealth, intelligeace, and streagth of the commaunity it zapesents, now and con- stantly-increasinz demands hate been made npon its ‘representative journals, and theso THE TLIBUNE has In every caso saticipated in its prompt collsotion of news by telograph from all parta of the country, aad by corre- spondenta throughout the wotld. ‘The plozoer among Western jonrnalsin. ‘THE LIBERAT, USE OF THE TELEGRAPH, It has overcome distanco for its readors and placed befors mafi esxch morning tho more important news of the world. . As & homo newspaper, with Chicago its own field, it large aad competent Lol and Commarcial Corps hare maintained a faithfal and fall presentmient of HOME AFFAIRS AND BUSINESS Giving especial prominonco aad carefal collation to the prominont facts of GROWTH, PROGRESS, and TRADE, especially in tho prosent era of our ** GREAT REBUILDING."” Scrupulous care has beon taksn to secure accaracy and folaess to the MONETARY, REAL ESTATE, AND GENERAL HARKET REPORTY, In the loading staplosof our cityand section, making THE TRIDUNE A DATLY HEOESSITY To every business man and merchant in & degroe oxaotly Dproportioned to his intsrest in Chicago business affates. ‘With thesa foatures the source of {ts constant and un- varlod prosperity, as A PATTHFUL AND VIGILANT MEDIUX OF CUR- RENT NEWE, e TRIBUSE has associated foatures that have ‘plaosd it fn tho front rank of journalism. With this record in its' past, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE 13 preparod 1o carry forward its standard, and, in the yoar 12 come, fulfil, as in the past, its rocognized position as THE LEADING JOURNAL IN OEICAGD, Ttastaff of oditorial writess, roparters, and correspond. ents, inits NEWS AND LITERARY DEPARTMENTS, At homeand abroad, comprise the most tralned and com. petent men ia tholr calling, and, as herotoloro, . nothing will be spared in cost of transmission or expense of publication, to place the result of their labors in the mosy attractive shapo bofore its readers. To this ond the ‘mocbanleal appliances of THx TRIBUNK are Row uasurs' passod. IT8 POLITIOAL COURSE. " Tae CEICAGO TRISUNE suppartod, o’ the recent eles- tion, the platform and nominees of tho Liberal-Republi- can Convention, which met at Cinclonati on the lat of Bfay. The dofeat of the candidstes of that convention has not diminished, in any degroe, the nacesslty for carrying forward its rinciples, Wao_ hold theso principles to be essential to good_ government, to the prasperity of the country, and oven to the permanence of republican inst tatfon. We shall, thercfore, continae to give tham our earty support and advocacy, and shall ‘ststain tho men who fitly represent them, whatever party deatgnation they may wear. We shall give an fmpartial hoaring to tha Ads ministration of General Grant, and shall snpport f) ta alk acta which soem to ua wise and usofal to the conntry, o8’ cordially as though it wero an Administration of our cwn' chalce. In_short, TIE CHIGAGO. TRIGUNE will afm & ABLE AND BOREST GOTERNMERT, Kational, State, sud Local; and to bo sa organ of Pron gross rather than of Party. It will endeavor to give to its , readors the exdct truth {n all matters of public interesty ' accompanied by indepeadont views and fair critlctsm. OUR NEW EIGHT-PAGE FORY, fifty-six colaans daily, has %aon found mosy: atiafactory toall classcs of our’ patrins,. by whom TIE TRIUNE is pronounced 3 “The Golamns of THE TRISTNE ato tho dally proof thas’ tho business and goneral publicacoord it the . 3 * FIRST PLACE AS AN ADVERTISING #EDIUM. * THE TREWEEKLY ties not reacticd by dally malls, prascuting iz ons compacs; - shoat the sabstance of two days’ faaucs. 2 THE WEEKLY Tanow one of theTergest weekly oditions frined west of * Newr York, a-vory bandsomo eight-pacs shoot, with fifty- - six columns of mattor, expressly colected and mado up for - this issue with & chotce Tariaty of . ORIGIFAL TITERARY, ART, ARD AGRICULTUBAL TOPICS, ¢ Tt will continuo in evers rospact to be made s ‘Westera Family Journal, equil ln : LITERARY EXCELLENCE Yo ariy published fn this country, while ita carefal colies tion of the news,of tha dally editions conati{ate {tanun- . suipassed compendium of the . . 5 FRESEEST TOPICS OF THE DAY, Among the writers on home themes the contributions of . RURAL will hold their place and increaso the wide repu-* tatlon already enjoyed by this best of all mirters oa. | UFARM AND GARDER ) For sears wolcame {n & multitada of Western homes, - W shiall farnfsh slso & larze variaty of articles-on socts toples. 5 i LITERATURE, ART, EDUCATION, COMMERCE, GEZSERAL CULTURE, ASD TRE .PROGRESS OF SOQIETY .- all made mare prominent featuros of THE WEEKLY thaa Beretafore, Tales and skotches, original and selected, | ¥ill bo farnishsd (n each number. = , Attention Is drawn to tho, fsct that by tha terms pre- sented bélow, THE WXEKLY TRIBUNE will bring to tho country fireside and the farmes's home g | READING FOR ALL OLASSES, Reaching in amonnt each yoar the bulk of many volames. from the best writers, with varisty and fulasss, v THRBEST THOUGHTS, FACIS, AND DIEGOVE- ~+ ", RIES OF THE-AGE, At prigo which make it not only the best bt - THE. 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