Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 10, 1873, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUN. : FRIDAY, JANUARY 10, 1873, O e e e et TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, ¥ TENMA OF BUDACRIFTION (PATADLE IN ADVAN CE). Bl 5308 Parlsofa “Fo provont dolny and wistakos, bo sure and givo Fort ©Offcn addross in full, including Blato and Countys Tomittancos miny ho miado olthor bydraft, oxpross, Post Ofica ordor, or i rogistarod lottors, at our sisk, LIS TO CITY suKCULDNI, s Dalls, d, Bunday excoptod, 36 conta por woek, Ball deliverad: Binday Thehnleds 5 conta bor wook: Addross “TI1E TRIBUNT GOMPANY, 'Uornor Madison nud Dearborn-sts., Chlcago, fit. Tninuxe Branch Offico, No. 469 Wabssheay,, In tho Bookstoro of Messrs, Cobb, Androws & Co., whoro ndvertisemonta and subscriptlons will bo racaisod, and whl bavo tho samo attentlon as if loft at the Main Ofico. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S TRIBUNE. FIRST PAGE—Washington Nosws: Proceodingn in Con- areas—Toralgn Nows~Miscollancous Tolograms— “Tho Orodit Mobllior Tnvestigation: Additional Toa- tintony of M'Comb and Amos—~Advortisemonts, BECOND PAGE—Doforred Tolograms—8tato Papera: Aununl Mossages of tho Govornora of Wizcuusin, Missours, and Kontucky—~Tailroad Disnstor, THIRD PAGE—Tuo Boautios of Straw Dnil—Porsonal— Publlo Iibrary Bullding: Praposition to Exchanga 10 01 Bridowoll for tho O1d Custom Ilouso Build. ingand Sito~Tho Law Courts—Allegod Mail Rob- bory—Tho Firo Dopattmont—Halicond Nows—Ad- vortisoments, 3 TFOURTH PAGE—~Editorlals: Tho Govornor'sMossago; Raflronds and Warohousos: Deathot Louis Na- voloon—Tho Bt. Louls Systom—Curront Nowa Itoms. FIFTH PAGE—Awusomonts—Tho City in Briot—Tho Tatirond Quostion—Advortisomonts, SIXTIL PAGE—Moncy and Commerco—Rallrond Timo- Tahlo—Business Dircctory, SEVENTIL PAGE-—-fiprinpfiekl Lottor—~Tho Stokos Caso ~The Tilinols Stato Constitution: A Revlow of Tt by Mayor Medill-Bmall Advertisomonts: Ttoal Estato, Tor Sale, To Nent, Wantod, Boarding, Loduing, Lte, EIG1ITI PAGR-$tato Loglslataroa—Miscollancous Tel- cgrame, TO-DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. AUADEMY OF MUBIO~ Malsted sixoot, south of Madicon, ‘Tho Boguin-Horsoa English Opora Troupo. **Rose of Castilo," ATEEN'S TIEATRE-Wabash nronuo, cornor of Con iess ucreat, Engagomont of Josoph Prootor. *Tho Ttod Pockot-Tiuok" M'VICKER'S THEATRIE-Madlson stroet, betweon Slato and Duarborn, Engagoment of Miss Charlotto Cushman, ** Honry VIILY and ** Simpson & Co," HOULEY'S OPERA' HOUSE-Randolph streot, bo- twoon Olark and LaSalle, Now Comody Company. **Bavos in the Wuods. MYERS' OPERA HOUSE—Monroo strcot, belweon Stato and Doarborn. Arlington, Cotton & Kemhlo's Minstrol and Burlesquo Troupo, **Tho Black Pockot- Iook,” **Wanted: A Nurse." *‘Potor Pipor," GLOBE THEATRE: sonand Washingtou, osplainoa streot, botween Madl- Dramatic and Musicat Varloties. NIXON'S AMPHITHEATRE~Clinton stract, botween +Washington and Randolph. Inzagomont of Mr. and 3rs, A, O, Millor, **Hidden Hand,™ BUSINESS NOTICES. ROUGH SKIN MADE SMOOTH by USING JUNIPER gflrox;’uufl e NachiToa by Casttall, Hazard, & Cuuy G York, TORDYSPEPSIA, INDIGESTION, DEPRESSION of e e s ek nd S B k0 isir o ark (Un 2 nd Trom, 13 100 3 nghdul ‘Caswoll, Tazned & Oo , Now Yoels, e Lot tonle. and 50! A_GLERGYMAN OURED OF GONSUMPIION BY ‘Sehenck's Puimonlo Syzup. Do, T, Rl BosTON, Mass. 7. . I, Sehenick Dran Sin: 1 fuol it my duls, for tho sako of tho sfok and sulforinz humanity, 1o rolita to you tho following Fucta: Last Auy I wns attacked with demorrhaga of the d bled profusely: and, ot linding tiio propor ‘ H1l] ngain 1 bled In ona Taonth ufter, aud Liceamo soaker (hau bofore, ‘I'hon 1 fully comprohcadod tho dangor, anid enkt atuit mo furan igls feon thio fmpending o, Naturally soeptieal, nnd fearful of botug duped, having i invelerato abliorsonco of empirice, T was slow fa trust; P with repgrd to your mediclaes T v obstinato to & fault, © Not untll thy lising witnosses, hunled, recovered n fun “broathing porort etond * Voforo 1o bo “porsunded. ' Not vt tho officitelous balni wes purchascd and hrought to my oo, and foreed npon me, would Liry it, 'Two of my Darishioners (aformed mo of thoie wondorful recovory une bad taken ninoteenbottlos of the Pulmonio Syrup for {he bioodinc of tho Tungs, aud was coniplotoly vurcd, and Janow dolng battlo i (un sorvicoof hls country: Dhioe eas ¢ poréan \hiy was on tho vargoof death for ymore than a yoar, hlcedi; L ovory little exclioment, and dospairing of rotovery, 1 sho found rellof in 'your Syt B camio befora m: apparently in 11o very bioom Sfiosiun: sl beiiinnt, it colntuance and portly bearing, the Jast person L shonld have suspected of have snr ovor boen undar the palo shoot of Now England's fotl dostroyer—Consmption Blio luoked to you_1s (o mighty dalisoror from its scourge, Al Lo your Syzup a3n a ynyacea from tho coute Pialnt, ’ Sho waa o tnombor of my church, and falt an in- torest for my recovory ; aud, “H’IHE')I sauguine, aud evon ontiusins!{e, an Wi ind a right to be, becauso tho Loraoll Jind been hoalod, yet thoro sha stood, (o Tiving, sisibla 7ulh befare mo. Could 1 doubt.her word ?_Gould L re- Suso n remedy %0 mild, 0 palatably, and yot g0 oflica- clons? Nol Lifo wastoo precious, yot too precarlous, to Gelnyn momont, ' ¥ took olx bottlds' of tho Byrup, &nd, Tecotoring rapidly, 1 went into tho country for threo Thonthe 10f th behelit. of tho air. But, alusi tho air Coul ot bonefit o without tho ymedleino, T woat with. ont (hnt, ond, after bloeding ajnin, 1 rosotved to coma Dack. 1 was inuch fatigued on_arel+ing In Loston, and bloi " tho samo night, My onso_was again critical. Timmedintely 1 appiled” for’ tho Ssrup, and soou began Tapidly o improve and rocoror whnt 1 iad lost. 1 am stil} undertroatmont, but have nearly recoverod, 1 noser wwelghd g0 mucli as [ do now. L ovor lookoed no full fn {iin glioek, and, ozoupting & norvous wonknoss {u the chesy And o Jrequont cructation of wind, 1 am qulta strong. Theep, Nowover aro roceding buford tho Mandrake Phlls and Seawoad Yonle, 1 have takon them but a fow daya ‘but hiava found groat rellef. According to present ap- pearatices, 1ahail bo ablo {0 urench again vory goou, nod ‘como out of this siekness strongor than I cver ivas bofora. As our calllng3 aro similar ja atriving to relleva tho His of Jifo—yon for tho burls, I for tho spirit: I fecl {t my duty o Inv hofora tho world Iy testimony in favor of i‘nm’ Pul- enotlo ST, TENRY MORGAN, Fuutor wf tho Unfon Mission and Virst Indopondont Aot bodist Churel of Boston. 275, ronchod thin dago for tho first timo aftce my lnoas feol o littlo eoro nt thio presont, but noth fnyzmara. March 1, proached twico: feel qnita strong, , preacliod tlireo thinos, and_hold mooting ovory forn, 1inay ho cousidurod a well man, ‘lanks 2o'tho namo of Dr. J, 1. Schonck, Undor God, your smadictnns bivo eurod » me, T vopiy (o {lio many inquiring lotters eontmo from al- moxt overy Northern Stato, T ln( taone andall, Tam tho anan i and whieroin 1wan slok, { um now healed, T nm nut th anly ono relloved i thioso pacts, but. savoral of my Requaintauces havo heon vecently: benbited, ~ Omo of wmy Daticioners, aitor epunali o lirgo sum on phsicians, ol In nothiug hattor, ut rathior worse, appiled, vt rusort, for tho Syruy, "At fest 1t did not ngroo with him; §6 was too swaot, and thirow him tuto violent ratchivg, 1o then took tho Fants aug tho Bills th propara tho way for it, nud porsovorod in fuking t, until now, Instead of goinz to scs, a8 hio can Lempiated,"to ravo Tiulico, holine Hona to, work. And snany others I might namo, 1 haye takon thirty bottley cren awoul Mir uight; of Byrup and many of tho ‘Tontc, " Tio Tanto and Pilis, T forcelve, aro in greas demand in Boston, Yours, . MONGAN, BEA-WEID SONENCK'S PULMONIO SYRUP, TON AANDRAKE PILLS, Praparod by J. il SCHENCIT & SON, noribeast corner Slxth snd Aroli-sts, THRILADELPIIAL [To ho continuod.,] 0. 0. COLLINS, BOYS' OLOTHING, 154 ARD 18 CLARIKST. The Chitans Tfibune, Tridey Morning, January 10, 1873. Threo moro jurors wore obtained, yesterday, in thio Twoed caso, making ton so far enrollod. Governor Oglosby has beon unanimonsly nome inated for United Statos Sonator, by tho Repub- Tican caucus of the Legislnturo. Alargo numbor of the mombers of the Prus- siau Dict hinvo formally nsked tho Govoernment Dy what nuthority it proscoutes nowspapors for Daving publishod the Papal allocution, Tho Houso bhas got rid of tho bill to establish s Burcau of Iimigration, ond to regulata tho troatment of steorage prssongora to this coun- try, by referring it to a Committeo from which it ig not likely that it will ho recalled, Meaprs, Dawes, Roborts, and Xorr, of tho Committeo of Ways and Means, have beon ap- pointed a sub-Committeo to report whother it is alvisable that tho Committoe should attempt to , oltor tho Tariff and Intornal Revenue lawa this ecunion. e e Tho compositors of tha Now York ZTrilune suggest that osch priuting ofico in tho country givont lonst oue ponnd of old type, and that each compozitor give the proceeds of 1,000 ems (ehout nn honr'swork), st up on Feb, 8, the 624 anniversary of M. Groeloy's birthday, for & statue of florneo Grooley, to be raised over his gravo ot Greenwood. Stokes, who ulways moems willing to toll roportors all ho knows, states that his connsel avo propring & Lill of wouty-vicht oxcoptions to tho rutings of Judgo Boardman, to bo pro- sonted to tho Court of Oyor and Torminor noxt Wodnesdny. o ia sanguino that ho will obtain 2 now trial, as ho was that ho would bo nequil- l?d in tho latoe trial. e — A novol amondmont to thoe Constitution of Now Yorl ina boon proposedin tho Constitutional Commission now in sosslon ab Albany. It pro- vldes for tho crontlon of a council to consist of two Bonators and ono of tho Justicos of tho CQourt of Appeals, and to bo siyled n Council of Rovislon, and {o Liave o voto powor over tho aots of tho Logislaturo liko that now hold by the Govornor. Govornor Washburn, in his messago to tho ‘Wisconsin Logislaturo, arguoa that, undor their Qonstitution, tho people are tho absoluto mastors of overy railway in tho Btato, Corporate powern in the United States aro vast and overshadowing, ho snys, and n just causo of alarm; but, if Wis- consin raflronds oppress tho poople, tho Logis- laturo can, if thoy will, always protect tho pub-~ lic, who, for thoir part, can nlways control tho Logistature. It ia proposed that motoorologleal signals shall bo oxchanged daily botweon tho National ‘Woather Office at Washington andono of the English obsorvatorios, probably the ono at Liverpool, If this bo undortaken, tho noxt stop will bo to establish similar communication with Australin, in which cago we shall bo onabled to tnko a bird's-oye view of the atmospheric move- ments all sround the glovo; which will oxtond our knowledgo of the scionce, and probably Iead to importunt discovories in golar physics. There is now o Washington roport of a fear that tho proposed Govornment sult against the Credit Mobilior Gompany cannot bo prosccuted for tho rongon that it would moko the Government n partuor of the Union Paciflo Railroad and would roliovo tho Rajlroad Company from its linbility for the intereston its bonds. The caso does nob scom to bo vory alarming. It is dificult to dia- cover how the liability of the Governmont could bo incrensed by taking action to protect its own interouts, In view of the prospect of quickened emigra- tlon from Luropo, or of tho passage of tho Bounty Land bill, o numbor of capitalista and othor entorprising poople, among whom are Judgo Louis Dent and Honry D. Coole, of tho District of Columbla, have applied to Congress for incorporation as the Buropean and American Land and Emigration Company, Thoy ask for power to buy and sell Jand within tho limit of 1,000,000 neros, to mako contracts for tho omi- gration of forcignors, to leud mounoy on bond and mortgago, nnd to issue bonds to the amount of thoir asgots, Our Public Library needs & suitablo build- ing for 1ts booke, but has no fund to dovote to that object oxcept its income from tho fifth mill | tax, which it would bo necessary to honrd for mnny years to got tho roquisito amount, nothing mennwhilo Leing loft for the purchaso of books or curront expenses., To solvo this difficulty, tho Mayor and othermunicipsl ofilelals, and the Dirce~ tors of tho Library, proposo to Secrotary Bout- woll that, in exchange for the old Bridawoll lot, tho Governmont giva tho city tho land on which stood tho old Custom House, and which is ad- mirably adopted for tho sito of o Library build- ing. If this 18 done, o building will bo crected thereon out of tho Sobool fund, and lessed to tho Library. M’'Comb yesterdsy reafiirmed his tostimony sbout the, conversation lLio overheard between Brooks and Alloy, and gavo tho datos aud amounts of the cho ckand draft Brooks drow in paymont of the 100 shares ho purchased, Io furthor says that on tho day Brooks gavo tho chieck, hio rocolved or had given to his son-in- law 200 shares of tho Union Pacific Railroad stock, and 85,000 worth of its first mortgago ‘bonds ; later ho got £6,000 moro of each, making, in additlon to tho Crodit Mobilior stocls, 825,000 in Union Pacific Railroad securitios, for $10,000 paid, Thoso transactions took placa about throo months after DMr, DBrooks was made o Govornment Director of the Union Pacific Rail- way. In aceordanco with Colonol M'Coml's sug- pestions, tho Committeo have ordored the pro- duction of the books of tho Credit Mobilier, which will throw & groat deal of light on trana~ actions now in the dark. It scoms that thoro as Loon o vory lively con- trovorsy betwoon Goneral Bhorman and the Sec- xetary of War, although it was amicably sottied. It arosio from Goneral Sherman’s olaim that tho heads of the burcaus in tho War Dopartmeunt were mombors of lis staff, and should conduct business with Lim and ot with tho Becretary. Of course, tho clnim was entirely opposad to the raison &' elre of the War Department, A Wanh- ington corrospondont balieven that it aroso from tho pernicious practice of attaching army ofii- cera to tho clorical functions of tha various bu- reaus. There aronoless than thirty-five army ofticors thus employoed at their large enlarios for tho discharge of dutics which could bo as well done by civil elerks, Mesnwhile, General Shor~ mnn bos just complained before tho Appropri- ation Committeo of tho Houso that Wost Point did not turn out enough army oflicors to answor tho demands of tho sorvice. i ‘We publigh, thin morning, adargo portion of the teatimony taken by tho Crodit Mobilior In- vestigating Committeo, embracing considorable matter not previously transmitted by telograph. Mr. M'Comb oxplains how he eeme to put Oukes Ames' lettors in ovidenco in the law suit. 1l eays that Amos' counscl domandod that the originals should bo put in a3 a part of tho case, and refusod to go on with the suit unloss they wero producod, and that Amos himself said to M'Comb: “You can publish any lottors you lave from mo; overybody knows that mombors of Congroas avo bribed, and evorybody doos it." M'Comb tostified, also, that, at the timo tho stock was distributed, it had already do- clared & dividond of 80 por cont in bonds, which was four-fifiha of tho par valuo of the stock. An additional letter from Amos was put in ovidence, dated Fel. 22, 1868, showing that what Ames wanted to accom- plish by distributing stogl among Congrossmon was not further logislation, Lut to prevont tho Crodit Mobilior Company from boing ‘intor- fored with.," In referonco to Congressman Brooks, M'Comb’s cross-oxamination by Alley is Lighly intoresting, Oakes Ames admits tho genuiuonens of his lottors Lo M'Comb, and glvos o dotailod explanation of tho items, which is not ossontlally difforont fromwhat bas baon roported by telegraph. His understandiug is, that Mr, Colfax 1s ontitled to his dividond tho samo as auy other stockholder, Ilo doulcs that any stock was over wold or offored to Benator Conkling, and says tlat Mr. Bing- ham, of Obio, and Mr, Pattorson, of Now Hump- shiro, rocelved tho dividonda on thelr stock, Mr, Kelloy it agrood to tako some stook, but aftorwards borrowed 1,000 from Amos and did not tako tho stock, According to Ames, tho loans was consldored an oftsot to tho dividenda on stock. Mr. Garflold proposod to talko ton shares, but did not pay for thom, and nover rocolved them. In roforenco to tho * Washburne movo,” which Amos spolo of ns an Inciting causo to tho distribution of stock, lio says that Washburno wns making o movemont projudiolsl to tho in- torosta of tho Union Pacifle Rallway, in respect of their land graut, and that all ho Intondoed to do was to got mombors of Congress sufliciently intoroatod a8 holdors of stock to Inducoe thom to study up tho question, and thus como to a safo and just conclusion. 1Ie did not want to bo in- terfored with. THE GOVERNOR’S MESSAUE, Qovornor Palmor's mosunga to the Leglslature is marked with that clearnoss and ability that has distinguishod all his ofiiefal writings, Ad- a;nnnlng himsolf tothose measures upon which ho considors it his duty to make rocommonda~ tions to tho Logislature, ho firat rofors with propor indignation to tho acts of Ilnwless mobs, Ly which prisonors in tho custody of the law have boon wrestod therefrom and hanged, and hopos that such outrages may horonftor bo raro. Ilo rofors to tho oxcitoment at ono tima. provailing in Chieago, upon a supposod incronse of orime aud disorder, and states that, upon invostiga~ tion, ho finds mattors lave boon oxagger- ated, aud that, considering tho oxtraordina- ry olrcumstances oxisting hero following the firo, tho laws ave ns woll on- forced and ordor maintained in Ohicago ns olsowhere, Biartling cxnmples of fraud in commorcinl clrclos in Ohieago have oo- ourred, with moro dieastrous consaquonces to public morals than is tho sggrogato offect of many minor offencos, Nomuo of theso frauds bavoe been punished. In this Governor Palmor states tho truth, no matter how unpalata- ble it may be. - Tho fact that forgery, swindling, and gambling with othor people’s proporty havo beon for years succossfully and notoriously porpotrated in the rogular course of commoreial businoss without punishment, does much groater injury to public morals, and the charactor of tho community, than doall tho potty crimos com- mitted by thoso who aro clpesed as onemics of soclety; ond the suggestion of the Governor that such transactions aro * charactoriatic of tho poriod” doos not roliovo tho moreantile com- munity of thia eity of tho necossity of vindicat- ing their charactor from such a * charactor- istic,” Tho Governor does not belong to that claes who look to an act of tho Legislaturons a sov- oreign romody for all tho ills of socioty; nor does ho nccept many of tho measures proposed a8 osleulated to accomplish the end of re- pressing homicido. Mo insists that tho aboli~ tion of the Giand Jury and the form of indict~ ‘mont, with the necdssary formalities of criminal procedure, would be to overturn one of the great institutions dovised to protect the lives and libertics of tho pooplo agninst tho aggros- sion of power. Ho might have added that tho strongest argument in favor of thoe sbrogation of the timo-lonorod forms of law in crim- inal casos is that, as tho atendard of loarn- ing ond ability required for tho offics of public prusccutors has fallen #o low, *tho form of procedure and of administration of tho eriminal law must onthat accountbo brought down to tho samo level of ignorance. Inetond of Lolding Courts to pass upon tho quostions of guilt and innoconce, lifo and liberty of the citi- zon a8 protooted and dofined by writton consti- tutions and laws, prigoners are to bo arrested, nrraignod, convicted or acquitiod by & sort of town meoting, of which the public prosccutor shall be tho Oracle. Whilo wo heartily coneurin tho protest which Governor Palmer makes ngninst taking from tho prisoner on trial for his lifo or his liborty tho guarantios and protection which our Iaws lave concoded to him, and ageinst placing in tho honds of any Judge or prosecutor tho discretion to grant or rofuse o prioner anything nctually vital to his propor dofencoe or o fair trial, we do fnot agreo to his proposition that an honest and fair jury msy not bo obtainod from mon who have resd and formod opinions from what they lavo hoard, aud who yot, upon onth will ewoar that thoy will hear aud detor- mino the cnse froo of all past opinions an judgmonts formed upon hearsay nnd ex-parto statoments, It i3 too Into {o say that no man who rends the curront news of the day, or, read- ing it, forms an opinion upon what ho ronds, ghall not sorve asa juror; such a rulo can have no other effect than to exclude intolligenco from the jury box, and give to stolid ignoranco, or tho man neaking tho placo of juror, the oxclu- aive arbitrament of individual liborty and life. Wo coneur, in {he suggestion of tho Governor that it is at once the vico and wonkuoss of pros- porous communities, that- & majority of tho most capablo ond usoful citizons seok overy moans to avold jury duty, and fail to oxorciso their discriminating power in tho olection of oflicors,—~aud that the result {s tho dogradation of tho laws, coutempt for publie justico, aud, in the end, the destruction of all gafoty for life, liberty, and proporty. It is probable that the romarks of the Covernor In favor of rotaining capital punishmont for mur- der, and yet leaving it to tho discretion of the jury to fix o ponalty of imprisonmont not less than fourtoen years, will meot tho gonoral approbation of tho State. His statoment of tho exercigo of the pardoning power, while it lonvos no donbt as to the wisdom which provided such powor, will attract attontion to a heartloss systom, long in oporation, by whioh unfortunate porsons, guilty and not guilty, are robbed, plun- dorod and convicted by the very agents assignod by law to protect and dofond them; nnd tho Loglulaturo can do no act moro worthy of tho humanity of tho ago, than to make somo pro- vision for tho protection of the poor, tho igno- rant, inoxporionced, sund friendloss who find thomsolves in tho Oriminal Courts, A largo portion of tho messago is dovoted to tho subjoct of raflroads, Tho Governor com- plaing that those corporations furnish tho ox- caption to tho gonoralobedience to tho lawa which provail in tho Stato. Thoy sot law aud Oonatitution at deflance, and tho poople look to ths Loglelaturo to provide a romedy, Tho issuo Botweon tho Btate aud theso corporations is one of powor, This question of power he dlsenssos ably and Indetall. Woliavo no room to-day to conaldor tho position ho takes, and, thereforo, | confluo oursolvos (o n statomont of it, o takes tho ground that thone railways aro publlo high- ways that, conaldéred jn that light, thoy bo- long to thopublio; thoy aro “improved high- ways”; that tho railway companies, by tho consont and -suthority of the Hiato, bavo invosted their moans In making tho improvemonts, ‘and bave aoquired fixed, ox- cluslve, und voated proporty in the highway a8 improved,—which tho Stato onn only disturh by sn oxoroiso of tho right of eminent domain. But in addition to the powors conforred upon thoso corporations to construct nd maintain thelr ronds, thoy have boon authorized to employ upon tiom the most improvod motliods of trans- portation, and to ongago in and carry oniho ‘business of common earriers; this right to carry on that business cannob bo takon from thom by logislation nor by the exorcigo of tho power of ominout domain, because whon othora are ad- mitted to engago ascommon carriera on tho linos of railways bolonging to these corporations, the Inttor bavo tho indefonsible right of participa- tion in the common right, Undor this thoory tho owners of railronds havo tho right to com- ponsation for tho use of thelr roads, and it will bo tho duty of the Logielaturo to prosoribo rulos under whioh othor carriors will bo suthorizod to place cnglnos and carrlages upon tho track, and touso tho sppurtenances of tho road, ond its fixod facilitios, &e., in tho gonoral business of tranaportation, Tho Govornor suggests that tho law under whioh juvenilo offendors aro sent to the Reform Bchool until thoy reach tho aga of 18 rosults in tho dischargo of many who attain that ago in o fow months after ontering the School, and he proposcs that tho Courta bo suthorized to sen- tonco juvonilos until thoy ars 21 yoara old. This in open to tho objection, so well stated by ono of fho Judgos of tho Supromo Court, that it punishes the boy for a potty offenco by o son- tonco covoring from six to ton yonrs, fromnwhich ho attaing manhood with s cortificate of. gradun- tion from a houso of correotion. The Governor rocommends, ag an additional Btato charity, tho establishmont of an Incbriato Asylum, to which the victims of that dleonso may voluntarily rotire, and to which drunkards, it dangorous, may bo committed. Tho suggos- tion is & wise and humano ono. The messago concludos with an earnost, olo~ quont, and forciblo declaration of tho necossity of State Govornments, and of their heing pro- tectod in their propor jurisdiotion from all illogal intorforenco by the Federal Govornmont, andhie citea tho doplorablo abuses ot powor committed in Louisiana ss & warning that should not bo disrogarded by the sovoral States. THE LAW OF NEW TRIALS ANRD SUPER= BEDEAS, The distinction botweon civil and criminal law ia an outgrowth of Magoa Oharte. Tho great valuo of tho trial by jury consisted in tho pro- teotion it nfforded to citizons sgainet politieal prosecutions, It was assumed that such o' do- fonce a8 tho verdict of twelve mon, indifferently chosen, would amply protoct the citizon in his lifo and lberty, Tlioro have been vory fow oceasions in this country whon thero bave been political progecutions ; but bistory has shown that, during the sevontoonth and cightoenth con~ turiea, tho Government of England soldom failed to obtain & convictfon in such cases when a conviction was desired. The principle of strict construction of penal statutes, and the absalute adhoronce to ostablished forms in plondings in evidenco and in all things portaining to the trin}, woro the growth of judicial protection affordod to tho nccused in evory cnso whoro the lifo or porsonal liborty was involved. This was rondered tho moro important because, o contury or moro ego, tho ponalty of death was nflixed to a long cataloguo of crimes, down to tho larcony of forty shillings, Adhoronco to tho technicali~ tios of the law was in fact tho strongost dofonco of the acoused. Tho roquiromont that tho record shell bo absolutely froo from error, no mattor how technical, has outlived tho neces- gity and the humano considerations that pro- duced it. It orossed the ocoan, and was ongrafted upon our jurisprudence, and has como down to tho prosent day but littlo changod from what it was two hundred years ago. In some States, criminal pleading has been simplified, but, novortheless, the Courts still adhéro to the old doctrine that they stand botweon tho Govern- ment and tho accused, snd that the Iatter shall not be injured unless the caso presented againat him is not only mado out in substanco and boyond doubt, and unlesa that the rocord is alto- gether free from orror. Whilo the nocessity of correct practice, requiring logal knowlodge and intelloctunl ability has beon but little relaxed, the proseoutors, as a class, havo been too lazy, or too incompotent, or too much overworked, to discharge their duties properly, aund are, conso- quently, for over defoatingtho onds of justico by blundering and stupidity. , 1t is o eottled rule in Illinols that an Appellate Court will not roverso in oivil enso3 for orrors of law that havo ocourred during tho trial, it woll sntisfied from tho record that substantial jus- tico hasboon done. ‘Tho opposite rule has pro- vailod both hore sud in England in criminal cages, Thisis tho lnw wherover. the logislativo power las not provided othorwiso; and Courts proporly abatain from overturning it. Whatover ovil there may bo in giving to an accused party tho adviutage of overy error, substantial or technical, in tho rocord, and of giving him tho Dbenofit of tho ignorance and incapacity of the public proscoutor, is ono that can bo romedied by an nel of tho Legislature, This is shown in tho prosont condition of the law upon tho subject of & chaugo of vonuo, Tho right to a changae of venuo was socured to every prisoner, in 18456 and provioua to 1861, and it was so greatly nbused that at last somobody went to tho Leglelaturo and obteined an ach in- tendod to remody the ovil, by loaving it to tho digorotion of the Court, upon g hoaring, to grant tho application or not, excopt in cases whero tho punishmont was doatl. It was, porhaps, not in- tonded to oxcopt ovon thoso cagos; but tho law o8 writton did oxcopt thom o cloarly that, in the Rafforty caso, tho Buprome Court was com- pelled to deoldo that the rofusal to grant him a obange of vonuo was o denial of & right given him by express statute, In tho mattor of supersedeqs, tho SBuprome Court lave, in capitsl cagos, mado it tholr practico to grant tho writ when tho rocord pro- sonts o dobatablo question. So long as tho right of appesl exiats, o supersedeas, susponding the oxecution of tho sontonce until the appoal can be hoard, may,bo & nocossity in & capital casa whoro tho prisonor may be hanged befora Lia apponl osn bo benrd. Most of tho talk that hos boen hiad upon this subject ls purely non- sovsical, Whon the law gives & man the right of appoal In a mattor whoro twenty dollgrs’ worth of proporty Is involved, it ia difoylt to &ay how an apponl ean bo rofusod whon tho lite of o oitizen is in peril, The bill proposed by Mr, Reod, Btate's Attornoy of thia county, upon thouo two points, providos as follows; 8to, 7. No judgment of conviction In any eriminal - cago ahiall bo roversod by tho Bupromno Gourt for any tochuieal error; nor unless it apposra from tho wholo record that thore {s roasonablo doubt of tho guilt of tho ‘peraon convictod, 8o, 8, No superseleas shall ho granted in any crime 1nal gado, oxoont when it svears to the satisfaction of tho Bupromo Courtor to any Judgo thoreof that thoro 1n reanonabl gronnd from tho record to doubt tho uily of tho person convlctod; and in ovory ¢aso whon a st porsodoas shall bo granted, mfd Court or Judgo shall, in tho ordor granting tho entmo, certify hiat It nppoars from tho record that thero 4 reasonablo doubt of tho guiltof tho porson convloted, ‘Thoso provisions might porhaps bo amendoed in gomo particulara; but wo think thoy will cover tho two pointa which nro complained of as griov- ancos in tho appellate ndministration of the law, Bubstantinlly, thoy limit the supcrsedeas in a capital caso to casos whoro tho Court (or in vaca~ tlon o Judgo) shall cortify that tho rocord ex- hiblts a rensonablo doubt, not as to tho legalily of tho conviction, but 1 to tho guilt of tho ac- cused. Tho samo rulo is oxtonded to the ques- tion of rovorsala of conviotions, and will confino tho Appollate Court, in its roviow of & eriminal cnao, to the quostion whothor upon thoe rocord tho prisoner was guilty or not. Bhould this Lo made the Inw, then porsons nccused of erimo must depond upon the dofonco made during the trial, and not upon such defenco as {8 presontod in the rocord, and mndo by the negligoneo, erroxs, and Ignorance of tho prosocuting nttorney. THE BT. LOUIS " BYSTEM,” Bomo discussion has arieon latoly rogarding tho St. Tonls mothod of denting with'tho sacial ovil, by liconsing houses of proatitution, and roquiring tho inmatos to undorgo rogular medi- cal oxamiuntion and troatment, for whichn tax of 8160 to $8.50 por wook ls Imposed upon oach, Tho 8t Louis Chiet of Polico thinks tho systom works well—by which is moant that, undor it, tho maximum of vico may bo attainod with the minimum of puniehment, Tho Louis- ville Chief of Polico, howover, in a recont roport, maintaine that, whilo moasuros of foroible re- prosslon are a failure, the liconsing systom is o nuisance, end that the " most oficlont polley I8 “a sbrictly tselt toloration of tho orderly prostitutes, o private clagsiflod rogistry, froo hospital naslstance for tho diseased, and fines and imprisonment for tho disorderly.” o also rocommonds tho eroc- tion and maintenance of an Industrial fomo for tho roformation of thoso among tho fallen who may dosire roform. His roport considors the quostion more in its moral than in its medical and sanitary aspoots. Moasures ot forciblo ro- prossion, hio thinks, disporso tho evil, and causo abandoned womeon to seck omploymeont ns sor- vants in familios, and olerks in places of bLusi- ness, whoro thoy bocomo now sources of tompta- tion and contros of mischief. Such was their offect during their most thorough trial in Phila- dolplia soveral yoars ago, and minor efforts in othor citlos lnvo ended in tho samo result, Tho lconsing systom ia ovaded in the fact that a largo proportion of tho women avoid rogistoring, while tho promiso of oxemption from oxposuro to digeago which it holds out to tho depraved Increasos tho vico, without the possibility of real security against contagion. Statistics of tho soclal ovil seom to show that it diminishes in proportion as tho means of employment are open to women, in & mannor to rondor them eapable of supporting thomselves by work, In manufacturing and industrial cities, whorein a divorsified range of labor offers opportunities to women almost oqual to thoso extendoed to men, and where womon, both boforo and after marringo, work for thoe common support of the housohold, tho ratio of marriago rises and tho proportion of prostitu- tion falls, Tn citlos of fashion and luxury, or which are almost exclusivoly devoted to kinda of business such as importing, oxporting, and tranaportation, in which maon alono take part, womon are largely supported without labor of their own, marringo becomos an exponsivo lux- ury instond of =n cconomical parinorship, and colibroy and prostitution prevail. As illustrations of this rule, wo mny cito that, in Birmingham snd Sheflicld, tho two cities of tho world in which omployments aro most opon to women, but 1 women in 700 is o proatituto; tho lowest proportion anywhoro found oxcept ot Tho Hnguo. In Loeds, tho ratioisonly 1in every 654; in Manchestor, 1 in G57; in London, 1in 544, and in Now York 1 in 518, In La Hague, whero tho oqual and proverbial industry of all classes ng boon the romark of ovory tourist for a° eentwry, the ratio s only1to 760; in Coponbagon, 1to 654, in Brussels, 1 to 485 ; in Lyons, 1 to 424, Comparing thoso with the capitals of fashion and soaports gonerally, wo find that in Parig tho ratiois 1 to overy 281; in Brost, 1 to 169 ; in Marsoilles, 1 to 236 ; in Algiors, 1 to 102; in Rotterdam, 1 to 207 ; in Amstordam, 1 to 230 ; in Liverpool, Bristol, and Dlymoutb, 1 to 103 ; in Brighton and Bath, 1 to 244 ; in Madrid, 1 to 270 ; in Louiavillo, 1 to 280 ; and in Chicago, 1 t0280. Tho fluctuating character of trado and tho rolativo instability of population in the newer countrios, kava also much to do with tho sundoring of familios and tho consogquont in- creago of tho social ovil, Wo doubt, however, if any othor agency is so offectivo in chocking it as tho inculeation and practico of those habits of business industry on tho part of girls and women which provail moro oxtensively in tho manufecturing citios of Tranco, Gormany, England, and America, than in tho citios of galoty, fashion, and commorco. 0Of ono thing woe feol tolerably well assured, and that is, that tho liconsing systom doos not, on tho wholo, diminish tho disonsea which have beon affixed by Naturo to the social avil; while, on the other hand, it dooo hold out o false hopo to tho vicious and unwary that thoy may sin without punishmont. Donth of Louls Napolcon. - Louis Napoleon, ex-Emperor of tho Fronch, diod at Chisolburst, England, yesterday morn- ing, of tho disonso of gravol, aftor two surgical operations, Tho first reports woro favorablo to hiu caso, but ago and his provious froe manner of lifo had ovidontly onorvatod his system to such an oxtont that, although naturally a man of powerful phyaiqua and strong conutitution, ho was unable to rally from tho offects of the discaso. His denth has happoned at tho only timo when it could havo failod to have distnrbed politieal ovents in Buropo, for, from hie birth to his downfall at Sodan, a fioriod of half a century, his namo was moro or loss prominently con- nocted with overy important movomont in Europo, cither republican or monarchical, Do- yond what encouragoment his doath may have offered to tho Frouch Ropublicans, by rolieving thomof any furthor approhiensions of danger from the Imporial exile, it will not oxcitonny intorest, or oxort any approoinblo influence. * Imporiul Orsar, dead and turned to clay, might stop o liglo £0 keap tho wind nway.” 11ix lifo, howovor, was full of privato and publio sdventure, and is a8 fagclnnting sy that of tho most uoteble hero of fiction, OnantEs Loutg NAPQLEON BoNAPARTE was born ot Parls, In tho palaco of tho Tuilories, April 20, 1808, Tfo was the thivd sqn of Louis Bona- parto, ax-King of Holland, his mothor belng llortonso, the dnughter of the Lmpress Jo- sophine by ther first marrfage. Dolug the statutory hoir of tho Fiyst Napoloon, his Dbivth was hailed with groat rejqlcings, with valyes of artillory, and with pompous roligious celebra- tlons throughout Frauco and Holland, and, after Napoloon's rolurn from Elbn, ho was formally prosonted to tho doputios of tho peoplo and the army, by his unclo, amid Im- prosslvoe pageants. Bui soon camo o reutoration of the Bourbous, and tho banishment of the Bonaparte family commonced. Iortonse, the ox-Quaen, went inlo oxile, carrying with hor hor son Louls,, Thoy lived firat nt Augsburg, aud aftorwards in Bwitzorland, During tho oxilo Tio wan tought by tho best tutors, IIo madon spocial study of the art of war, espocially of en gincorlug and artillory, and sorved forsome timo na o voluntaor In the Fedoral camp at Thun. o beosme nccomplished In fencing, riding, swim- ming, and all mannor of athlotio sports,” Evontually ho was admitted to the righta of clti~ zonship, Whon Loula Phillippe beenmo King, attor tho rovolution of 1830, o applied for por- misslon to return to Franco, ond wae rofusod. Ha thon wrote to Louis Phillippo, nsking that ho might bo allowed to serve os o mi- vato in the Tronech army, but the Govern- ment only roplied by ronowing his decroo of ban- fshment. In 1881, he sottled in Tuscany, aund during that yonr took part in the insurrection which broko out in tho Pontifical Statos, Tho Austrian ocoupation of Anconn forced Lim to lonva tho city. IHo ocaped to Franco in dis- guiso, but his incognito was discovered, and ho waa oxpolled. Ho crossed over to England, ro- mainod there a short timo, and thon returnod to Bwitzorland, whoro ha gave himsolf up to his studios, aud wroto somo works which will be re- forrod to olsowhoro. o romninod in this seho- lastic scolusion for five yoars, but ho nover abandoned the idon that ho wns sooner or lator to bo tho Boveroign of tho Fronch. During thoso flve yoars, tho ovents wore transpiring which led him to undertsko his firat at~ tempt on tho throno of Franco. In 1881 aftor tho throno of Louls Phillippo had bocome firmly catnblished, o strong party was formed 1n tho intorcats of tho Duc de Releh- stadt, tho only son of Napoloon I., and some- times callod Napoloon 11, Tho Dulke, howover, diod In 1832, Louls Napoleon's brother, Napo- loon Louis, had diod the year previously, in Italy, and the Prince was noyw tho logal heir of the Im- porial famlly. 1iis hopo of obtaining powor in Franco waa strongthened by tho convorsion of Chateaubriand and other prominent mon of that timo to hisintorests. Belloving that evorything was ripo for the execution of his plans, ho made tho attempt to soize Btrasbourg, in Ootobor, 1836, which scomed to him a favorablo point for his demonstration. The attempt, however, ondod in & mortifylng fallure. Ho was mnde prisoner, and, in Novembor of that yoar, was sont to Pavis, where, upon tho intorcession of his mothor, hin lifo was spared upon condition that ho should go to tho United States. He remained in this country, howover, but a fow months, his roturn to Europo hiaving boen caused by tho ilincss of Lhis mother, who died in Ootober, 1897, in Bwitz- orland. Louis Phillipps was o timid monarch, and tho publication of & work doscribing tho at- tompt on Strasbourg led him to supposo that another conspiracy was in progress, and ho do- mended that tho Bwiss Covernmont should ox- pol him from its torritory. " Bwitzerlond wns Violontly agtatod, and waa on tlio point of going to war in behalf of ler adopted citizon, whon Napoloon himself provented a rupture by going to England. Ho took up his residonce in Lon* don, in 1898, and for two yosrs guve him- golf up to litorary pursuits, In 1840 Lo made his sccond attompt to eccuro tho French crown in @ manner which brought down upon him the ridicule of tho world, Ifo hired in London s steamor, and, ombarking with Count Montlolon, Goneral Voisin, aud fifty-threo aesociates, landoed at Boulogne, and summonod tho troops thore to join him.or surronder. Tho National Guard, Lowevoer, mustered in forco, and Napoleon, with bhis bandfulof followors, xotrented to tho hills in the suburbs, where he hoisted n flag with the historical wooden eagloe surmounting it. On “landing, ho bad circulatod priuted Dills, stating that tho Bourbon dynasty had coased to reign, oud that ho had appointed M. Thiers Prosidont of tho Council, mnow President of tho Ropublic foundod upon tho ruins of lis throne. Tho National Guard was inporvious to his appoals, forcod him nud bis followors to tho bonch, hnd captured them nll boforo thoy could got to tho steamer. IIo was takon to Paris, placed upon trial, and sentonced to im- prisonment for lifo in tho citadel of Ham, Aftor o confinoment of six yoars ho mado his escapo, May 25, 1846, in tho disguiso of a workman, crossed into Belglum, and fnally found rofugo onco moro in England, whoro Lie romnined until 1848, whon the rovolution of that yosr' changed political events in Franco and gave him tho first ronl foundation for the fulfilment of his hopes, 1fo hinstenod back to Franco, snd declared him- self favorablo to the intoreats of tho Provisional Govornmont. 1o was elected a Reprosontativo in tho Nationsl Aszembly, and took his sent Juno 13, 1848. A stormy debeio thoroupon onsuod, and, two doys afterwards, ho rosignod his seat and shrowdly loft Franco. Tho result was as ho Ind anticipated. In Beptomber following ho was again elected by an immonso majority, and took Lis seat, and ot onco commenced an activo canvass for tho Presidency of tho Republic, to which he had taken tho onth of allogiance. Tho minsses of tho paoplo of France were thoroughly in his favor, ns is doveloped by tho fact that ho rocoived 5,562,834 votos out of 7,500,000, Gon- oral Cavaignae, who was noarest to bim, recoiv- ing 1,460,166, His view of this olection wns that, as ke bed twice made attempts upon tho throne of Frauce, the millions who bed elected him wore in favor of a mon- archical form of government. Xo at onco commencod maturing the plans of his famous coup d'elat. , ITo plotted with Morny, Porsigny, TFloury, 8t. Arnaud, and BMaupras evon while ho “was muking pilgrimages toam, and oxpressing public rogret for his ragh aots at Strasbourg and Boulogne. He avowed again and again thet ho Larborod no schomos sgeinst tho Constitntion oven whilo ho wes plotting to violato it. He bo- camo tho champion of univorsal suffragoe, al- though ho had beon a promoter of tho law of Moy 81, 1851, réstricting tho franchiso, Tho National Guard was paralyzed by the appoint- mont of o General who would provent it from acting. “The ~army wng tome perad with and plnced under Genorals fevor- ablo to Napoloon. ~ When the arrangoments woro all complated, the most famous Gouerala of Franco, the chiof members and officors of tho Assombly, and the chiofs of sevoral scoret sociatios woro arrested and thrown into prison, The Assomblywas dissolved fmmediately afior it Liad passed resolutiona to procced to the judg- mont of Napoleon and his accomplicos, Tha Buprome Court wag driven from its bench, but not until it had made & judicial order for the impoachmont of tho Presidont. On the 24 of Dacomnbor, Viotor Ifugo and somo othor membors of tho Assombly whao lad escaped soizuro toymod thomsolyos into g ommittes of Rosjste anco to assort the supromnay of tho law by forcs of arme, On tho 4th, the ntroets of Paris woro flilled with barricades. Tho stvugglo, howover, waa n short ono, Not only those belind tho barricados, but the spectitora on tho stroots, wero shot down indisorimivatoly, and the pris- oners who wero captured wore put to death, On tho morning of the bththo armed insurroction, which had boen vory fooblo, was quelled. Then camo risingd in tho provincos, but theso woro subdued by slaughter or impriconmont. Within & fow wooks following tho 24 of Decombor, thoussndys of padplo woro elther killod or ent to dio, oithor in Africa or Osyonno. Franco wag thoroughly dismantled, and thon Napoleon offor- od himself to the pooplo of Franco as Drosident for ton yeurs, As no othor candidato wns toloratod, ho was, of courso, oleotod, IIoatonco proclaimed a Constitution which yirtually gave him abaoluto powor. Tho appointmont of Benators and the Couneil of Siate wae fu his hands, Tho Ministry was alono rosponsible to Lim., 1o had command of the son and the Inud forces, and waa to doclaro war or n stato of sloge on hia own authority, ~This was’ the preludo to the Imporial throno, Iu tho sutumn of 1653, ko made towrg through sovoral of tho dopartmonts of Franco, and was fro quontly greotod with the cry of “ Vival' Eme pereur.” On his rotwrn to Parls, his ndhorontd declared that theso oxpressionst wore iu- dieativo of {ho dosiro of the peopla for tho rostoration of tho Tinpiro, and proposed that the question should bo submitted to tho popular voto, T'hoproposnal wns nccepted by tho I'ronch people, by n majority of five or six millions, and the Empiro was accordingly proclaimod Do, 2, 1852, tho Presidont assume ing tho title of * Napoloon ITL., Bmperor of tha Trench, by tho graco of Clod, and tho will of tha Fronch peoplo.” ‘Chio ovents of tho Empliro aro so frosh in tho rocolloctions of most roaders that they will not noed to bo narrated fn very full dotatl. Hoving boon recognized by the Earopean courts, ho at onco proceeded to compel recognition of his powor in the most offectunl mannor, The mannor of nssorting his claims byhis Ambassndor at Constantinopla bronght him into colllsion with tho Ozar, Io formod an allianco with England, which at onco ralsed hiny to n nosition amoug tho sovereigns of Lurope. 'Tho Esatorn quostion was submitted to the ar- Dbitramont of war, In 1854, tho Crimean cnme paign of England nnd TFranco against Russia commenced, which was not closed until tho fall ot Sobastapol, in 1850, when Napoleon induced Englaud to offect a pacifie solution of the ques« tion. In 1850-'60 the Lmperor wont to Ituly at the hoad of his army, for the purpose of alding Victor Emnnuol agaiust tho Austrinns, whom ho dofoatod in the two gront battlos of Magentn and Bolferino, ‘T'ho war closed with his dieta- tion of tho torms of ponco to the Austrians at Villa-Francaby which Lombardy and tho Duchies woro toded to Bardinia, and Vonotis was left un- dor Austrian rulo. In roturn, Savoy and Nico woro coded to Franco, Moanwhilo soveral at- tompts wore mado againsthislife. Conspiracics woro formed agalnst him In 1853, bub thoy woro follod. Pianori, in 1855, and Orsini, in 1858, at tomptod to take hia lifo, but fatled. T'hoso eventa lod to o disturbanco of tho friendly rolations botweon TFranco and England undor Palmer- ston's Ministry, growing out of tho attompt to slter the English Ilaw of conspiracy, one of Orsini’s follow-conspirators heving aided him in London, Lord Dorby's Ministry, howover, ro- stored tho cordinlity of fooling betwooen tho two countrios, In 1800, ho aupprossad tho Drusa robollion; and, in the samo yoar, punishod tha Chineso for pirnoy, by the captura of Pokin and tho destruction of the Emporor's Palace. In 1861, ho organized, in sllanco with Groat Britain and Bpain, sn oxpedition against Moxlco, ostonsibly to obtain rodross for injurios to subjocts of tho threo powers. Great Britain and Spain, howover, withdrew when they found that the Emperor had othor motives in viow, and ho conducted the campaign alono. Aftor soveral battles ho succoeded in eatoblishing his powor, and induced Maximilinn, tho Austrian Archdukoe, to nccopt tho crown. On Juno 12, 1864, Maximilinn and bis beautiful wifo Carlotln, entered tho capital of Moxico. By an agroomont with tho Unitod Statos, the Fronch troops were withdrawn, and Maximilian was loft to Liis fatd. Ilo wns shortly afterwarda Killod, and Carlotta is to-day hopolesaly insano, tho victim of Napoleon's ambition and porfidy. The next momorablo ovent in tho carcor of Napoleon was his signing tho Franco-Italian trenty, having for its object tho withdrawal of the Fronch troops from Rome withip two yoars. Tho lnst detachmont withdrow in 1806, but the invaslon of tho States of tho Church by Gari-. baldi, in 1867, led to thoir roturn, Tho French, in conjunction with tho Papnl army, signally dofented tho Garibaldians at Mentana, in 1867, and remainod in Italy theronftor until 1870,when thoaxigencios of the Franco-Gorman war noces- sitated thoir withdrawal, Tho events which led to tho downfall of the Empoeror are of g0 recont occurronco that it ia only nocessary to alludo to them vory briofly. Tho Franco-Gorman war grow ont of tho propo- sition to placo Leopold, heroditary Prioco of Tohonzollorn-Sigmaringon on the Throne of Spain. Tho campnign of tho Prussians was an unintorrupted series of brilliant victorios. Saar- bruck, Weiszonburg, Woortl, and Forbach, fol- lowed cach other in rapid suceession, dlotz and Strasbourg eapitulated, and then camo the crowning viclory of Sodau, whero the Froneh mmy Ind down its nrma and Napoleon surrondered himselt to tho King of Prugsin. At the conclusion of peace ho was liborated, and sought an gsylum in England, for immedintely following his cap- tivity occurred tho horrors of the Communo, which in turn wag ovorthrown aund gave place to tho Republic, Napoleon married Engonio Matio do Guzman, Countess do Tebs, Jan. 29,1853, and the only igsuo is tho Drinco Imporial, Napoleon Lugono Louis Joan Josoph, born March 16, 1856, whoso only famo thus far rests upon the famous * bap- tism of fire” which Lo received nt Saarbruck. 1fo ig, of course, the logal succossor of his father. By an Imporial docrao, if the lino of Louis of Holland should fail, the succossion i in the line of Joromo Bonaparte. This Intter line ia repro- gented by Napoleon Jeromo, Prince of Montfort, gon of Jorome by his second wifo, the Princess Frodorica Catherino, of Wurtemburg. Tho Amorican-born grandson of Jorome by his first ‘marringo with Miss Pattorson, of Dultimaro, ls now an officor in the Fronch army, Nopoleen's eareer commencod in such a ludi- crous mannor, and was attended by such ridien- lous and mortifying failures that the world only Inughed at him, and rogarded him a6 a shallow, rockloss ndventurer, It was not until the coup de'etat of 1852 filled tho stroots of Paris with corpsos that tho world coasod to lnugh, Hia official carocr commenced iu blood and ended in blood, as all such carcors, based only upon tho military idos should, o was o flrm boliever in Napoleonism, in athor words, in Ciesarism. Bofore Liis Crosarism dovoloped iteclf, mon toolt him to bo o slugglsh Brutus, owivg to Lis roticence, his slownoss of speosh, and sluggishnoss of idon. His atrango advontures at last attracted an in- torost in him, and, when he finally dovoloped his Napoleonie idoss, it was discovered thnt hore was & great” man. Tho Napolconie idea with him was supreme. 1o bolovoad it to be tho only salvation of France, and that, without it and without Bonapartes, their moro ereaturos, tha poople of France, would porish off tho faco of tho carth. In ponce hio was ono of tho bost rulors TFranco ever had. Trado made great progress undor his rulo and commercial intor- courso with othier nations was greally incroased. Railways wore largoly oxtonded, Magnificont public buildings wero erected. Tho finearts wore encouragod, Tho whele country wan prosporous, In war, howover, ho proved ovonts ually to bo tho worst rulor Yranco ever lnd. 1le was ghrowd onough to tickle tho fancics of tha Prrisinus with milliary pagoauts and shows. In tho Aus- trisn oampnign ho achioved & roputation for great military genius, In the Gorman campaign, hio displayed only woakngss and btundors, 1e had bolduess of conception, but nab always of oxoontion, Mo was o man of truih whon tho {ruth would anewor his purposos. It is doubtful whothor any of tho sovereigns of Europo placed implicit roliance upon him. Iis private lite, it fumor is ocorroct, was corrapt. Ilo was a muan of many vanities, and prominent awong them was an ambition to bo lnown as a litorary goniua, Io wrote mauy works during his life, aniong them, “Roveries Politiques,” *“Considoras tiona ‘Polltiques ¢t Militairos sur 1a Buieso,” “ Manuol sur P'Artillorle,” Lils colobrated work #Dos Idoos Napolconiounos,” and, seveh or olght yonrs ngo, Lis “Lifo of Omsar,” which ho moant to bo his mastorpicce, . Although it in s romarkably voncleo and vigorous blography, and Cwsaristio throughout, it was uot a popular sticoosy, and Lis publishors recontly brought nuit agatnst him to recover tho coats of publica- tion, It is s yob too enly to fix his ostimate ag namonarch among monarchs, or, perhaps, even to ostimato his dogroo of greaineus; but his ea- reor, novortheloss, was a brilliant ouo, and his ond in kooping with tho polioy which aotuated Rl Hifo,