Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 19, 1872, Page 2

2 WASHINGTON. €hall the Indian Territory Be Mod- ernized 3---Shall It Be tho Indian’s ? etter from Chief W. P. Ross ---Talk with E. C. Boudinot. A Full Inquiry Into the Great Reservation--Its Biography | and Resources, From Our Own Correspondent. WasEINGTON, Dec. 9, 1872 ‘A question which will come before Congress this winter, and probably before each succeed- ing Congress until it be settled, is that of the Indian Territory. At the present time, & rail- | way from Missouri and Kansas to Texas runs eonthwestwardly entirely across this nondescript end vast district. Several other railways halt at the boundary of tho Indisn country, tnablo to go throngh. Along the Kansas lins, the Texas line, the Arkansas line, and also in the south- western corner of Missouri, large towns have grown up right against the Indian region, and embanked against, it, 80 to speak. Findirg little or no dafa in this city affecting the country, I addressed a letter, in the latter part of November, to the new Chief of the Cherokee Nation, Willism P. Ross, Esq. The following letter, received from this capsble Chief, will bo interesting, as it is an autograph letter, and sufficiently shows the culturo, prudence, and diplomacy of the lesding Chero- kec. Itisdated Fort Gibson, Cherokee Nation, Dee. 1, 18 LEfTER FRON THE CHICF OF THE OHEROKEES, Gazx: Your favor of the 20th ult. reached meat Tebleguah whils very much occupied with duties jus devolved upon me of o public character, For this ce3z0 Lam longer in acknowledging it thian was in- tenced. I meed hardly assure you that its reception =7iordcd me great pleasure, and that T shall be sure to cveil my«lf of a very carly opportunity to lay befors omae of the information in regard to Oherokee af- udesire, Iam now expecting to leave for 57om, 50 28 to reach there by the 10th inst, when, With jour permission, I shall endesvor, in per- +om, 0 present ot least the Jeading views we entertain Gerdof fie Ind i Indian question. Thero aro two facts, connected - with 1, far 03 it “Indien Territory,” ond the admit cliange 0 Bereh around ou or the creation of that of railroads, squstters who Torders, end_gepirants who hope rewofiices, Further, no change can b made, without tiie consent of the Indians, that willnot violate the Nctional faith, and precipitate s condition of affairs f1aught withs very grave considerations to them.” Enowirng the very influential character of T=E CHI- €460 TRILTT, and the wide celebrity which attaches fexe,, etc., ete,, ete.], I shall esteem it a most fortunate event for the Indians if, in the pending struggle before Congress, they should Teceive their kind consideres tion. Ihaveths honor to be, your obedient servant, WL, P. Boss. " A CHEROKEE DISSENTIENT. Abont the time the sbove letter was received, T also fell in with 2n eminent Cherokee, who has been known ir Washington City for many years 25 an advocate of dividing the Indian lands and owning them in severalty. This was Elias C. Boudinot, a man of about 32 years of age, who has assumed to meet Governor Ross in debate, both in Washington and through the columns of newspapers. With him I held an interesting interview, which may lighten up the question as the minority of the half-breed Indians con- eider it. EOTDINOT'S POSITION. ¢Mr. Boudinot,” said the correspondent, I bave been reading some of your speeches, You wish the lands in the Cherokee XNation sur- veved, and the Indians given a fixed amount pro ra‘a, to which ecch Indian will be confined as his property.” “Yes, sir; there ig no law at all which the people consider, as such, in the Indian country. Wkeh 5 man pitches upon a piece of land, and improves it, he is mnot generallr molested, sat- he has no title whatever to | e ' some, and if he exercises the | sxpression of his individual opinion | in such'a way a8 o excite the prejudices of his peopte, or to cross the ambitious purposes of the head-men, he can be murdered legally, 23 T would kave been bad I romained ai my home. You "sce I have studied law, and lived at Fay- etieville, Litile Rock, Washington, and other | pleces; snd I wauta home and business, like other people havo in other States. At Vinita, I bave improved a large tract of land, end made myself & home. I declared for the opening up of the Indian country, without regard to any railrosd-grents, but simply because our people ought o bo tired of the present condition of half-responsible authority. Of course, my propositions were denounced by the Chiefs, snd £1i my friends told mo I would be murdered, liko my father, if I stayed in the country.” THE INDIANS FEOM A BALLOON VIEW. “ Will you give me some information of the condition of the Indions in the Indian Territory, end of the country iteelf 7. . Afr. Bondinot took'out & memorandum book, angd answered as follows: “In this country, Mr. Gath, there are 87 Indien reservations.in- ail,- and -191 -organized tribes and bards of Indians: Al the Indian reeervations of lnd together make 91,283,840 acres, excluding the Indian Territory, whero | there are 50,000,000 scres. In the Indian Terri- | tory live 53,744 Indians; and outeide of it in otbier parts, live 177,103 Indiens. The fotal In- dian population mnder the American Govern- ment 18- said to be 800,000, but this includes 75,000 Alagkans. - Now, ‘within the Indian Ter- rifory, each person would have 500 acres of land if it were divided pro rata, and each Indian out- side wonld have 515 acres from the division of the other reservations. At the present fime, a few persons get all the advantages under our Tribal Government, while the great mass of our people are poor, passessed of nothing; and, in eomo fribes, the question is really agitated of returning wholly to savage life. I have urged : that this d" shounld be Bnrvel):d., and a homestead _ given .to each Indian, to be untaxed, and to be inaliensble for s lifetime—say for twenty years. If my voice “could reach the Indians, I could agi- tate this matter with efect; but we have onl: one newspaper in the Cherokee Nation, editel by my brother, William Penn Boudinot, He rints the whole of Mr, Hoss' spesches in tho herokeo language; but doss not dare to print mine, and he has written to me several times to Eo out of the couniry, because it was not safe or me there.” -~ "7~ * "° THE CIVILIZED INDIAN'S HEAD. “3r, Bondinot, what is the condition of edu- cation in the Indian Territory #” ¢ Well, sir, the statistics assume there are 15,000 éducated Indians and 23,407 ignorant In- dians. ~Some of our people are very well edu- cated indeed, and _the .improvements in_many cases compare well with thoee of Texss, Kaneas, &nd Arkaness, No white man can live smongst 8, unless he has married 2n Indian woman, or has been taken into & tribe. It is seb down that there are 1,675 white men resident in the Indian country. - We have, besides, 18,400 negroes. The whites amongst us must, in the naiure of things, be of the rough and outlaw claes. These are the men who inspire the Indian's jealousy atany mention of civilization, Tho negroes among us are very often more influential leading Indians. This is because tbe negro understands the white man's nature better than the Indian, and iz more flexible i.\%hiz . élgtgttiza. But the ]riolux- ed people of the Unite s may 28 well un- dergugd that none of the Indians in the Chick- asaw 2nd Choctaw Nations bave any political or civil rights: They can neither vote nor own property, 2nd it i8 no offence o commit any viclence upon them.” o ’ “Do you believe, Alr. Boudinot, that the statis- tica you liave just given mefrom the official tables are correct 2*" e ¢ Noy'I believe that thers are 5,000 whites in the Indian Territory. ' Along our borders, ref- ugees from all the neighboring States hide from justice and carry on horse-stealing. Some time 3go, a regularband was discovered, who carried on their depredations between Texas and Mis- souri. At another- time, a lot of white men crossed from Kansas, and built & town of & thousand inhabitants on the Verdigris, which bad to be burned before the squatters could be removed.”" < THE FIRST PEEP OF KO MAX'S LAND. *Can yougive Mo #omg iden o4 to hey the Indian conntry would Estriko a stranger if he were allowed to enterit, say from Fort :Smith? Whg"wou!d he encounter, and what would he eee - ““Well, sir, if you merely entered it to look at the country, and'go {hrongh it, you woald not probably be molested, and’ might - receive some very excellent hospitality from tho- farmers, most of whom live in .double log-cabins, pretty much liko the pioneers in Arkansas and Missouri. Yon would see & ‘country very far supérior to that which the Cherokees lost in Georgia and Tennesses; for nothing is more mistaken than the iden that, when the United States removed usfrom the Bouthern Btates,it gave us bad land in exchange. I think none will deny that the Indian Territory, whers we live at pres- ent, hes tho most besutifal climate, and some of tho bestland and natural properties, in the world. THE ESECTERS. “1f you were to seltle, however, at any spot in the Indian Territory, you would be reported to the Chief of the tribe, and the complaint car- ried up to the Governor of the Indian Nation where you might bo; and Lo, n tum, ~woold cal upon the United States Milifary Commander to remove you. You would be removed by force, without loss of time,—ten days being the out- side generally given for preparation. But so lu-%e 18 the Indian’s domsin, and eo few are the settlements, that you might ride quite across the whole Territory withont seeing » living sounl. It las been done frequently, I am told, by herders and borsemen who enter from Texas, say from Bherman, and pass quite through to Kansas un- noticed. Our country is mountainous in many places, often densely wooded, with deep streams, end river bottoms, and chaparral where one might hide. We have a fow little clusters of cabins called towns, such as TARLEQUAH, the capital of the Cherokee -Nation, which s has from 300 to 400- people, and is built around & square, in the middle of which isa State-House - containin, the Su- preme Court rooms,—a neat grizk ‘building, ‘which cost £15,000. Several stores are upon the square ; some aro built of brick, 2nd some are two stories high. This townis about twenty- fivo miles from Fort Gibson, where there are above a thousand people, Indiana and soldiers, resident. This fort standa in an angle between the Confederate or Southern Cherokees, the Ross or Northern Cherokoes, and the Oreek Nation. General Grierson commands ; EOBT GIBSON, which maybe said to bo the biggest town in all the Indian country. The great events in the modern history of the Nation lay right in this neighborhood. The two fine streams of the Indian country—the Verdigris and the - Grand Rivers—fall into the Arkansss close together, and near by Fort Gibson. At the Fort, also, the great highway from Fort Scott and Missouri comes dowvn on the west side of Grand River, and crosses the Arkaneas Ferry. ‘About forty miles south of this ferry, Jthe road sgain crosses the Csnadian River, near North Fork, This is a small town, in & _central posi- tion to all the Indians ; and & good many thi that, if our country is over opened up, the Capi- tal will be at this place. The old road goes on southwest, and crosses the Red River into Toxas at Colbert’s Ferry. Now, sir, you can see at the present time 2 hundred wagons at any of these ferries, waiting to croes over and take emigrants. to Texas. The rush of people to that conntry surpasses anything of the sort that TLiave seen. Moml\fi::pla seem to come from Iowa, Kansas, and Minnesota, than even from the Southern States, on the rosd to Texas. : THE INEVITABLE. “ Above us and below us, two great States are dsveloging with unexampled speea; and it is perfectly useless to suppose that we can keep, unader our tribal conditions, & vast central em- pire like the Indian Territory wunde- velo] with Texas, now rapidly approachin; two millions of people, on the south, and Kansas, which approximates a million, on the north. Whether the In- dians accede to my suggestions or not, mere agitation of the guestion would FX‘EPH’B the ‘minds of our people for the inevitable.” BOUDINOT ON GRANT. “ What do you think, Mr. Bondinot, of Gen- eral Grant's proposition to drive all the Indians in the conntry into_the Indian Tersitory, and make one vast reservation of them there ?" ‘ Well, gir, you might as well talk of driving all the buffaloes in the United Btates up into Maine. If it could be done, they wonld make a Pandemonium of the Indian country, and the Cherokees would be the first to fiy out of it, be- foro, tho Apachesand tho clses of provling fiends who constitute many of the wild tribes. Thero is no natursl afiiliation between the In- dians of widely-different types, and the white man is far mora p?nhr with a_Cherokee than, for examplo, 8 wild Osage or Kiowa. We have alreads, in the Indian 15m1'itory, several tribes ‘which are 28 wild as the buffalo. The Kiowas and Comanches have been raiding upon the Chicks- saws, who are, in many respects, the ablest peo- lo in the Indian country; and, at tho late St. e Fair, they took_the three leading prizes for the best cotton. map, I will show you more clearly How the aus ere distributed amongsi ns."” THE MAP BROUGHT DOWN. Mr. Boudinot took the map of the Indian coun- try, which prezents the appearance of an enor- mos frying-pan, with the long handle aticking out to the west. Right in the middle of the eastorn boundary, the Arkansas River descends into the State of Arkangas_st Fort Smith; and , about 30 miles inland, it divides into the Cana- dian and Arkansas, each of which rivers again divides farther up in the country; while, menn- time, the Red River of Louisiava, which makes It youwil gise mo sour the - southern boundary of the Indisn Territory, _separates, far _up, into tho Washita and the main Red River. Several of the Arkansas broken ranges of mountaing are scattered over the country for 200 miles. Said Mr. Boudinot: A GOOD RESUME. “ There are four great semi-civilized Indian tribes in this Indian Territory. The Cherokees have the country on the Lower Arkznsas and along the Grand Verdigris River, and thers are 14,000 of them, including whites and negroes, and they possess 14,000,000, acres held in com- mon, and not in severalty. TIE CHEROKEES =re generally held to be tho most adept of Tn- diang, and, at the eame time, to have more trickery than any of the other Indians. They are diminishing i numbers, and some of them are quite Tich, and, 29 they are better armed than any other red men, the wild Indians do not much molest them. When we moved into the Territory first, the Osages disliked us, and excited & warfare that went on for yoars ; but at last a truce was agreed upon, and we got along peaceably enough, although I have heard many & Cherokeo say that wo were not popular with the Sioux snd other grest Northern Confederacies. My relative, Stand Watie, who hes been great character_amongst us, 8ays that once, when he was in St. Louis, he and his companions fell in with & lot of Sioux, end, recognizing each other to be red men, & drink was proposed. As they were about to drink, the leaflmi Sioux said to Stand Watie: ¢ 4\Yhat tribe, brother?' # ¢ Cherokee, replied the General, “The other Indian dropped his drew his knife with an expression of said : 4¢You Cherokee—too much G—d d—nl'” THE WILD TRIBES. “Yhen the Cherokees moved from Georgis, they bronght above 22,000 souls. . West of usara the Osages, who number aboat 8,000 ; they are 28 wild a8 bucks, wear skins and go half-naked, are always hunting, and are the largesi race of men on tho American Continent. They are all abont six_feet three inches high, but T heard one of their Chiefs say that they are now a small and diminished race compared to other times, when, according to his account, they averaged about seven feot. He said that tobacco and the luxuries of civilized life had re- duced them.” LITTLE MEN AND LITTLE TRIBES. 4 The Cheyennes and Arapahoes have & large reservation west of the Osages, I believe? “Yes, there are 2,000 Arapahoes and 2,000 Cheyennes, nearly all perfectly wild ; and south of them are the wild Kiowas and 5,000 Comsan- ches, who are said to be the best riders on_this Continent. Besides, there are a dozen little tribes, each with an agent, a treaty, and perfect independence, which are uttely contemptible in wumbers. There are not above 80 Senecas, 150 Quapaws, and 200 Shawnees. There are 60 or 80 Pottawatomies, and about 600 Sacs and Foxes. Theso little tribes receive all the consideration o:&rcat Confederacies like ounrs, and they gen- erally have ome or two hucksters or traders, who, with the Indian Agent or missionary,—for he is sbout the same thing,—nurtura their prejudices in order to control the tribe and do the trading. THE GREAT RED NATION. “You msy put it down, them, in general terms, that the great Northern tribs of the In- dian country, bordering an Kansas, is the Chero- kee, The Grand River, which traverses part of their country, is one of the most berutiful streams in the world,—a clear spring branch into which pour numberless tributaries, and all that come from the cast are as clear as well- water, while those from the West are generally discolored. The climate there differs little from Arkansas or Southern Kansas. Some of the finest apples in the world grow over that coun- try, and fine whest and com stand in all the fields. We have plenty of salt, both in solution and strewn over the plains. The timber in our lass, and ate, and THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, DECEMBER 19, 187 we have much the advantage over Kansas, The best timber we have is, ]?erhnps, on* the Verdigris River, whero have seen the 'most enormous walout trees of . which you have any _ idea.. There is plenty of coal on the west side of Grand River,—some of the best, in fact, in the: West- ern conntry,—and plenty of lead lies in our Na- tion. None of these things are developedin any degree, and I do not believe they ever will be whilo we live as at present. GIRDLED EOUND ABOUT BY STEAM. “Two railronds—one descending through Mis- souri, and one from Xansas—meet at the town of Vinita, which has about 150 ‘people. From this }:‘om of junction, the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Road passes along the border of the Creel Na~ tion, through the Choctaw Nation, and enters Texas within the limits of the Chickasaw Na- tion. In other words, the road runs 280 miles th.rpn% the Indian country, passing from Se- delia, in Missouri, by Fort Scatt and Chotopa, zud thence, by vmlhf[ Fort Gibson, and North Fork, to Sherman. It would be an ~ anomalous thing for you o seo the Pullman palace cars running every day th!onféz the length and. breadth of our Territory,—Indians and whites riding together: emigrants and Chiefs passing over the pleasant prairie-land, in sightof agreea- able mountains, and often through wo and by many delightful streams.” ““What are the roads, Mr. Boudinot, which come u{‘ to the Cherokee boundary 7" =~ ... “Well, sir, the Leavenworth, Lawrence & Galyeston Road, of which Mr. Joy is the chief apizt, descends hrongh Kansas to tho Town of offeeville, right on our boundary, which now has 2,500 people. The Missouri, Kansas & Tex- 5 Road has built up a town right on the Kansas line, called Chetops, which has 3,000 people. The Missouri, Fort Scott & Gulf Road—the same which got_the Cherokee ‘Neutral Lands, and ‘which Mr. Joy controls—comes also to the Kan- 8as line, and stops_there at a town of 4,000 peo- fle, called Baxter's Springs. Meanwhile, he Missouri side, the Town of Seneca has sbout 1,000 people waiting to come in. Had the Ar- kansas carpot-baggers not spent the money pre- meturely, we should also have the Little Rock & Fort Smith Road in running order up to the Arkansas line; for along much of that road, I am told, the embankment exists, and the ties are rotting for want of use. Fort Smith bas 5,000 people, and Van Buren, nearly opposite, close to our boundary, has 2,500 people besides; both these towns are a little dull at present, be- canse the railroad comes into the Indian Terri- tory, and not into Arkansas, and is carrying away trafiic from them which used to take the route of the Arkansas River. THE ARGUMENT. “Thus, you ses,” continued Mr. Boudinot, “large towns are assembling right on our line, composed of people who have come to stay. Nothing can be more certain than that these Populations, obeying the instincts of & moving people like the Americans, are bound to go over tha line some way; and, under tho present sys- tem, they will accomplish in a mean way what we might as ,well admit and pre{n.ra for with gome statesmanship. They may elther mix with our people, and debauch them, and build up a populstion which is neither one thing nor the ntgar; or they may move in with the Indian’s consent, and be restricted to homesteads, which shall be sold for the benefit of our people, and ive us & large school-fund, and thoroughly im- ue us with the civilization of the time.” THE TEXAS SIDE. ¢t Aro there not alsonumboer of towns assem- ‘bled on your Texzs border? ” ¢ Yes, half o dozen. There is Sherman, with 3,000 poople, and Dennison, Bonham, Paris, and Clarkesvillo, aversging 3,000 apioce, Fight across tho Red River from the CGhoctaw and Chickasaw ations. ¢ THE RICHEST MAN in all the Indian Nations makes his money within the Territory, and enjoys it just over the line, in the Town of Paris.” - *'Who is that person 2 ” * 01d Bob Jones,—a Choctaw. Hehasgeveral Iantations on the Red River, and is worth 1,500,000 Before the war, he had above 400 negroes and property in New Orleans. His store and fine residence aro st Paris, Toxas, and is & first-class business-man.” BOUDINOT OX TIE CREEKS. “* The mext of the great emigrating tribes south of the Cherokeed 18 the Creek Nation, isit not?2” ““Yes. The Creeks number about 13,000 people, and they seem to be in a more demoral- Fred candition than any of the great Indian Con- federacies. ‘They sre divided into two nearly oqual parties, one of which is hesded by tho Chiet, ‘Chicoté, & fall-blood, and by Colonel U, N. Melntosh, who is tho ablest man in the Creek Nation, and these want modern institu- tions and an intelligent form of government. The other party, which used to be headed by one Bands, demand a complete reaction and re- turn to tho promiscuons disorder of & savage condition. ese bands had a thousand men on ench side in arms, and & messago was sent to Colonel Grierson, at Fort Gibson, agking him to come sver and help on the savage side. * Grierson eaid: - T am watching you fellows over there, and shall have mothing to do with your quarrels; but, after a while, when you get to fighting, I will just pitch in and lick you both.’ Rl “ Between the forks of the Arkansas River, just east of the Creoks, is _what is called the Canadion district, where, by general copsent, the defested Confederate element of the Chero- kees reside, in order to avoid any difficulty with the Federal Cherokees.” THE CHOCTAW AND CHIOEABAW COUNTRT. “WWhat of the country and population under the Choctaws and Chickasaws #” “Those two nations occupy s very different country from ours, and an admirable country in many respects, and they cultivate cotton, which we cannot do with much effect, because ourland is too high and cold. The Choctaws have a large tract in_the corner between: Arkanssg and Texas. I am_inclined to believe that the Choctaws and Chickaszws enjoy & leasanter social condition than we Cherokees ; Bocause, atter they removed fo the Indian country, they had no such series of bloody mur- ders and civil feuds as did we. From the begin- ning, they have maintained ‘more order. The effact is seen in tho extraordinary fact that this very proposition of mine, to have our lands sBurveyed and homesteads given to us in severalty, has been voted by the Chicka- 2aws of their own motion, and they aro now ask- ing Congress to do just what the Cherokees want to murder me for proposing. In the Chickasaw Nation 33 to be fonnd the richest bed of petroleum on_thia continent. The Chicka- eaws have more force of character than any In- dians I have ever met. Their Chief, Harris, is & ‘half-breed, while the Chief of the Choctaws is o Tull-blood, Governor Wright, and was edacated in Kentucly. THE NEGRO INDIANS. +¢ Ag T have said to you, the negroes have no political or civil rights among these lower na- fions. There are above 6,000 negroes in th: tribes. The Chickasaws themselves number oy 4,500, and the Choctaws about 6,000. The Chick- asaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Cherokees have about one million dollars for each nation on de- posit in Washington, the interest of which they get annually. SEMINOLES. THE “Y omitted to speak of the Seminoles, who live to the west of the Creeks, and have several hundred thousand dollars. This money was given to them for their lands in the States, whence they were removed.” ‘' THE WHOLE WORLD XIN. #T guppose, Mr. Bondinot, you have politics and politicians, just like other people ? £ ges, and education i8 B0 unequsl amongst the Indians that & grominent Chief, well cal- tured and fond of the enjoyments of civilized life, can do better with affairs asthey stand than by any general progress or illumination of his people. I make no personal charges on this score, but you see that the Governors, who are 1he leading Chiefs in ench tribe, receive a salary from the United States of about $1,000 o year. This_is the least of all their emoluments, for it is they who melect tho’ delegates o come from the tribe annually to W afimn. Theso delegates receive S10 & day and all ne- cossary expenses from the United Btates, and they hiave the manipulation of the Indian money at t{a Capital, For example, they select an at- torney to take chiargo of their business at theDe-_ partment, and agrec with him .that' he shall charge §10,000 for his_services, while, by & private agreement, he is made to take only $5,000, and the other $5,000 becomes the spoil of the influential men in the delegation.” HALF-BREED V8. FULL-BLOOD. 4 Jg there mot some feeling, Mr. Boudinot, amongst the fall-blood Indians against the half- breeds 2" 3 ©Yes, thers alwsys hes been. An Indisn with & white - admixture and education may be supposed to have more tact and adroitness than man with wholly savage origin; but thia foel- ing is much intensified by the ambition of- the naturalized whites, who invariably take the side of the more ignorant element, and incite it to distrust those people who ahmlid be best able to sympathize with what is just in both white and Indian,—I mean the half-breeds. THE BLOODY PINS. “We have in existence what is called the Keetoowah Society, or Pin Society, the members of which _are called Pins. This 18 a society of full-bloods, secretly organized to keep up the antipathy and to intimidate half-breeds. Its author is od to be a very extraordinary man by the name of Jones, & son of & mission- who was born aud resided in_ the Indian GORALLY i9 Well distribnted, and. in that regpect, L Territorv. is & citizen of tho Cherchie Nation an Indian Agent, and s Baptist missionary. The fact of thesociety leaked out, it is snid, from the discoyery that eyery member of it wore & pin under his hunting shirt, which he conld &now to & fellow-member 88 _the_proof of fra- ternity. It is charged, and believed, that tho Pins were in the habit of meeting together and appointing obnozious porsons fo bo killed, and balloting for tho assassin. This society was -organized in"1856, and is still in existence in tho Cherokee Nation. THE CHEROKEE LANGUAGE AND PRESS. ¢ Mr. Boudinot, you made some reference to the fact that your brother edited the only news- paper in the Indian country. How is that printed?” Answer: *“The paper is called the Cherokee Advocate, and i circulates probebly 1,000 copies. My Dbrother is named William Penn. Boudinot, for that is o favorite prenomen smongst the In- dians all through the Territory. The type_ is made in Philadelphia, and my brother is proba- bly 28 able a man as the Cherokees have duced. The. characters are Cherokes, and are 78 in number. They were invented by an extraordinary genius by the name of George Gnuess, or Sequoyah. Hewas a man without cul- ture, who ono day saw a dpm'eon in Georgia writ~ ing s letter, and he asked what the man was do- ing. They told him that the man was talking on nper; and that the ¢ Great Father’ at Washing-. on City could take that paper and interpret it. Guess 8aid that he did not see why an Indian should not talk on paper a8 well as a white man, and he shut himself up in his wigwam for about two weeks, and everybody thought he was crazy, while all the time he was inventing a Cher- okes alphabet. They were syllabic characters as ho arranged them, which can be easily learned, and thera is scarcely a grown Cherokee who doos not read the system. The dolegates who come to Washington every winter write home what is passing; so that our people are kopt perfectly informed. Poor Guess, the in- ventor of our symbols, grew frightened at the effect of his own invention ; he' saw everybody reading and tho old savage habita broken up, which he had not designed, for he was not a &hflmthmpist, but ‘merely a man with & pro- '[i'lions faculty of invention. It is a tradition, I believe, that he wandered off to Mexico and died, bat his widow received & pension from the Cherokees. ] BOUDINOT'S GRIEVANCE. # You are the gentleman, Mr. Boudinot, whose tobacco factory was broken up by the Internal Revenue officers ?” ‘“Yes, gir. I lost almost everything I had in the world ; the Supervisor of Reyenue reported me to Washington. I had previously e in- quiry as to whother I could make tobacco in the Indian cuum.rf, and was told oo all sides that the Revenue laws did not reach that unorgan- ized region. After they broke me up, I took the case to_tho Supreme Court, aAd hsd it argued there, but the Conrt decided against me. The factory had incited the Indians to raise tobacco, | 2nd greatly cheapened it a8 an article of con- sumption fo them.” A AN ILLUSTRIOUS PARENTAGE. “ Are you the son of the celebrated Cherokeo orator, Elias Boudinot.” *‘Yes, sir ; my father was & man of consider- able influence,—one of the leading Cherokees. He had no name originally ; for all the names We get in & savago siate are applied for some little resemblance, real or apparent, My father wag called simply “ Buck,” meaning s male. He and his cousin, John Ridge, son of old ilajor Ridge, were sont by the mifsionaries to school at Cornwall, Conn. Tho colebrated Elias Boudi- not, of Néw Jersoy, ssw my father at tho achool, and becamo oftached to him, sad Cmp o father took o hig meme That is why my _name is Boudinot. Both John Ridge and Elias Boudinot married Yankes girls at Cornwall. Ridge married a Misa Northrop, and my father married a deughter of Benjamin Gould. Our family connection was & strong one,—my father's uncle, Major Ridge, being a man of great vigor and infuenco; and my fath- er's brother, Stand Watie,—who was afterwards,| a Brigadier General in the Confederate army,— was one of the boldeat men ever known amon, the Cherokees. Elias Boudinot returne from school to Georgia, and started & -~ newepiper amongst his fiuop]s thore, called the Cherokes Phemiz, st the Town of Neweclota, in about 1823 or '20. Before he had left achool, the celebrated John Roes had becoms the Chief of the tribe. The Ridges and Rondinots, in courso of time, mado a formidsble party amongst the Cherokées, and got the jealousy of John Ross and his party.” THE GBEAT FEUD. “Ag this is s now matter to mo and to tke public at large, I wish sou would tell me how tho war between the Ridges ana the Rosses broke out?” y ““About 1834 or '35, great troubles broko out between the Cherokees nnd the white people of Georgia. The United States Government made iwo or three efforts to interpose, by the Courts and the military authority, but it was, g:;verlcas to accomplish snything. Alltho land and property of tho Cherokees was abont o be put up in lottery at one time. The people wero loath to leave, for they loved the country; bat the cool-headed men saw that it was necess: and inevitable. Elias Boudinot and Major Ridge urged John Ross totake time by the forelock, and msake an advantageous treaty for the eale of our lands. Boss demanded the sum of $20,000,000, which it as plain he could not get. As Ross dallied about it, and hostilities were breaking out be- tween our people and the Georgiaus, Major Ridge and my father took the responsibility of making the treaty, nnd they received for the Cherokees 5,000,000 for their lands and property. John Ross got the contract to remove the Na- tion, and, instead of enforcing the terms of tho treaty,—which wero 5,000,000, expenses of transportation, and the full cost of ‘eubsistonco for one year,—both transportation and subsis- tence were substracted from the fivo millions, and John Ross made atleast half a million by removing the people. They went in all sorts of ways,—on foot, in wagons, in arks, and in steamers ; and a good deal of inevitable suffer~ ing happened as they proceeded, Ross wasa man of remarkable ability and influence, and he threw upon Msjor Ridge, Boudinot, and our arty, all tho responsibility for this suffering. VVe\vm'o charged with having sold out to tho Georgians, and the deopost animosity existed.” THE MURDERS UNFORGOTTEN. ¢ This led to the murder of your father, I be- lieve, Mr. Boudinot ?” “Yes, oir; it led to a series of murders, and a civil war which, for many years, tore up_the Cherokee Nation; and the diacord produced by it continues to this day. The chief victims wero Major Ridge; his son, John Ridge;.and my father, Elisa Boudinot. All these were mur- dered, st different places, on the same day, tho 22d of June, 1839. MPRDER OF JOEN RIDGE. “ John Ridgn was sleeping hi the side of his wife, when, before dsylight, the door of his cabin was burst_open, and s number of men * rushed in, dragged him from his cot to the door, and stabbed um twenty-nine times. He was aged 36, and his home was at Honey Creek, near the corner of the State of Missouri. MURDER OF MAJOR RIDGE. “ About 10 o'clock on that day, old Major Ridge, aged 65, and who resided about five miles from his gon's house, had gono off with a negro servant to visit his daughter, who was married to Judge Paschal, of Texas, Who now spends most of his time in Washington City. A band of men crossed the Indian frontier, and, near the Town of Evansville, Ark., they hid_them- selves upon a hill overlooking the road which ho must take. Each of the assassing was a fall- blood. The negro says that he was riding in _ advince, _2nd, as they passed _ under _ the shots _ were fired, and the old Major fell, and, as the negro dashed off at the top of his speed, the band pourad down the hill to finish the matter, when the old man, in his last moments, turned to them, with his finger pointed, and eaid, in Chero- kee : ‘‘ ¢ You have not robbed me of many of my days.’ 2 MURDER OF BAUDINOT. ~ #The same morning, the 22d of June, about breakfast time, 1y father was mfilerintanflmg the construction of & new house, which stood & uarter of & mile from his residence. Knowing t he would * pass from one house to the other during the day, s band of 25 or 30 aseagsing — full-bloods—concealed themselves near the path which he must take, ‘while two or three others went to my father at the new house, and'asked him for some medi- cine for their sick families. He was in the habit of giving medicine gratis to the people. He started with them to his residence, and, being a loquacious and affable man, was talking on the road, without suspicion,—an Indisn on each side of him, and two behind him. As they came to the spot where the band was concealed, the two behind stuck their knives in my father's back; then those concealed raised n yell and rung up, and all together hacked at him with their knives. He drew his own, and endeavored to make a fight, and very soon - his hands were all cut to pieces, and he fell into the path, gashed and lifeless. I was 8 years old at the time, and the only recollection I have is of & band of men coming up somewhere with guns; riding ebout the house, and peering in the windowa. ESCAPE OF STAND WATIE. #Beeing the murder of my father, a friend at ‘a distance jumped on ‘his horse and rdde off to the house of myuncle, General Stand Watie, and warned him to be ready. He loaded his gun, and: stood prepared to defend his life, and, when theysaw thathe was wamned, they whecled their horses and galloped off. The next day, they returned. 800 strong, but he had in the meantimo ulipged off to Arkansas. Foro- man was the name of the -man who headed tho band who kilted Msjor Ridge, and, knowing the character of my uncle, and his purpose to re- vonge the death of his relatives, Foreman and some other of his assassins hunted - Stand Watie down like s dog. No wild beast was compelled to take oftener to the mountains, and leadn more precarious life. He made g6 many hair- ‘breadth escapes thet the Indiars thonght he had a charmed life, and hie was 28_activo in revengo as in escape. The whito pecplo took pity on i end - befriended | him; ond, in a hand-to-hand fight with Foreman at the Town of Maysville, Ark,, in 1842, Stand Watie killed him with bis bowie-knife. ‘homicide, Btand Watie was acquitted at Benton- ~ville, and Alfred W. Arrington defended-him on the trial. John Rosa poured out his money to complete my uncle's ruin, bub not n lswyer thero would prosacute him, and Arrington called attention to that fact in his speech of justifica- tion. You will find that tri Court Library. Arrington afterwards went to Chicago, and becamo quite & prolinent man as @ pleatier, and he wrote some romantic and not ; i very reliable books about desperado-life in the Southiest.” ; JOEY ROSS’ TAPLICATION. 1 “What was tho nature of this controversy, and how much was John Ross responsible for it, | 3r. Boudinot " 1 * Well, sir, John Ross benofited by these mat- ters, although he always denied that he had any responsibility for them. However, he did noth- ing to punish the original marderers of my fam- ily. T'was taken by missionaries, sent to Ver- miont to school, and kept thero until I was 15 years old. The fight went_on like a Corsican vendetta,—life for life, and about 150 persons were killed. In 1846, Stand Watie and John Ross came together and agreed to bury the hatchet, but Watie was never ly secure until tho date of his death. Those fouds make a striking chapter in the traditions of the Cherokees. Nothi; i like them had been known until the war broke out between the North and South, when John Ross played fast and losse, and, if we were unfaithful to one Government, he was unfaithfal to both. TIE CHEROEEES AND CREEES IN THE REBELLION. “ Btand Watie became a Brigadier Goneral in the Confederato army, and this fact alone would account for Ross’ disposition to go the other way. In the same way, the removed Creeks had their civil war, very much in its origin like the fight between the Ridges and Rosses. In tho Creek Nation, the unpopular man was McIntosh, the father of the present delegate to Washing- ton. Molntosh was murdeved o little time be- fore my father and the Ridges. _When the civil ‘war came on, in 1361, McIntosh became a Briga- dier General in the Confederacy, and this was sufficient reason for Yopothleohola to join the Federal army. *¢ YOPOTHLEOTIOLA was in gome respects tho counterpart of John Ross. Ho was a full-blood Creek, with strong Indian prejudices, tall and fine-looking, and he ad a wondrous eloquenco. A battlo took placo between the Federal and the Rebel Indians, at _Bird ~ Croek, west of the Little For this ; in the Supreme ! readyto go to work. Several persons who had investigated the matter as _extensively as tb? i could, were, convinced of its correctness, anc ‘were ready to invest. § * Turthermore, the operstors wers anxions to get; the claim to their land, and spent_money to getit. General McClellan, Samuel Barlow, and others went into the operation, and you may be-sure they don’t risk-thei: things apgear pretty certain, McClellan, Bas low, and the rest, whom I will call the New York party for the- eake of 'convenience,. offered £400,000 for the half interest, and had the money ready to &ut up. I surely expected the ‘ planters’ would take this and clear. out, 8s they.would then make a handsome profit on tho speoulation. But thoy refused it, and, ea they conld get no more, they took up their bags of diamonds and went_away. .This again made the thing look genuiua, and I was more puzzled thanever. I ‘was then that my friend, whose champagne I am drinking, blew me up for dissu investing. I soot] him, and we determined would turn up. ‘went to Ban Francisco aud got Ralston and the Test of them to goin. When the company was orgenized the New York party began to regret i not having taken the thing at {m: a million, and | they felt 8o bad about it that they asked the Bnlgtm:i crow:flnl;o let the(;ngl‘ omb bed-rock or- anization, ey Trges 0 time, money, and O ticnos they hadl used to got the grant from tho Government, and begged 8o hard that Ral- ston's party fAinally gave thoma chance. They won't tell how much they lost, but I think thers ‘were five of them stuck for about $20,000 apiece. There were other small mnuch account. v THE REAL DIAMOND FIELDS. “Now, there is another thing that hasn't come out yet, but I am sure it will. one'of these days. There i8 a rich deposit of dismonds on this Con- tinent of North. America, -and some of the stones which have beey exhibited came from it. Some of the dismonds used in getfing ap this gh.ut ‘were bought in London, and came from Brazil and_South Africs, but there were others. that certatnly came from no diamond flelds yet kmown. At least that i what some of the experts say, and if all the par- | ties interested in tho purchmse of the Arizona mines,—I do not mean thoss who acld, .but those | ‘who bought the half interest from the swindlers, —if all these parties were catechised searching- Iy, I have reason to believe that some of them would or uld orcould tell something that would be quite a8 startling as the original story of dia- mondsin Arizons. They have already taken steps to secure this mew locality, befors the Arizons swindlo was exposed, and had it not been for the sudden death af a gentleman con- nected with the negotintions, the business wonld have been completed ere this. _The negotiations were hindered by his death, audit may be months before they are completed, but you can certainly look for & revelation some time in 1873 of - great inulrta;t concerning dizmond fields-of wonderfal wealth.” ““Why,” I asked, “ did not the Arizona swind- 1ry, but they wers notof | Verdigris River, where McIntosh commanded on_one side and Yopothleokols on the other. McIntosh lost from 20 to 30 men, and in all about 150 Indians were killed. Yopoth- leohola had no chance, for he was poorly armed, and burdemed with his women and children ;_ he escaped into Eansas, and died thero ; while John Ross fled for a time to Phil- adelphia. In the war, the Cherokees suffered severely, and, early in'the war, We were cut off from the Confederacy.” “ John Ross, Mr. Boudinot, was the father of the gre!enfi'chamkee Chief, William P. Ross?” “Yeg, sir; he was a remarkable man, shrewd and_diplomatic, and he maintained his as- cendency for forty years_ over the Cherokee Nation. The present Chief is & graduate of Princeton Colloge, and a man of capesity.” Here Mr. Boudinot gave me pamphlets con- taining the rival arguments of Chief W. P. Ross and himself on the question of the Indian Ter- ritory, and made the request that I do him no injustico in my Kawallal, which is Cherokee for newspaper. Garm. SWINDLES. The Great DPiaménd Swindle—New Facts Concerning It—How It Was Planned—A Rcal Deposit of Dia- monds in North America—A * Plant? on Sapphires—Trick of n Professor— An Attempted Swindle with a Cop= per Mine. New York (Dec.13) Correspondence of the Cincinnati Gazette, The great diamond swindle of California will probably go down in history as onc of the most magnificent frauds of this or any other age. You have the details of-the exposure in San Francisco, and I have no occasion to go over them, but thero aro somo facts about the matter which have come to my ears and have not been given to tho public. When tho operators first started their *plant” they came to New.York and endeavored to enlist capitalists in this city. A friend of mine was_thrown into contact with them, and from him I lcarned the points. They wanted half a million dollars for their claim. Ho looked at the diamonds, which appeared to be genuine, and he was allowed to a;‘;iply the nsual fest of rubbing with steel files and with emery. They stood the test, and he offered to put ten thousand dollars into the scheme. Another friend (s friend of my friend), came forward, 2nd, 05 he had some monoy to 'spare, ho was allowed to investigate tho businoss, the twain were prepared with more files and emery, and they rubbed moro of the diamonds. The test was going on atisiactorily when_my friend, whom I will call Sharpley, happened to 1ay hold of o stone that yielded to the hard sub- stances against which it was brought. Shn!‘glay tried another side of it, and agam it yiclded. He was handling a pieco of common crystal, and not & diamond, and his eyes were beginning to open. He became inquisitive enough for a son of Paul Pry, and the result of his questioning wes that he didn't put his monoey into the specu- lation, Straightay ke sought his {riend, and actually found him arranging to draw the check that would haye made him a $20,000 stockholder in tho great diamond mine of Arizona. i . DISCOVERING THE FRAUD. . Sharpley talked to him like a Dutch uncle, and with some difficulty induced him to with- | hold the money for the present. I say with difficulty, for Shnr%ley‘s friend had become as enthusiastic over the diamonds as s damsel of sixteen over her first bean, and was determined to go inanyhow. He half suspected that S| loy wanted to_keep others out so that ke could ot moro stock for Lumself, aud ubscquendly when the stock was all taken, he upbraide: Sharley for keeping him out. He does not up- braid much now, but, on the contrary, quite the reverse. When the exposure camé out, he thought how his $20,000 had been saved, and remembored that Sharpley hadbeen the cause of its salvation. He sent s basket of tho best champagne to Sharpley’s office, and it was while drinking 8 glass of the beverage that its re- cipient told me of his diamond experience. “It was oneof the bestlaid plantsIever saw,” said Sharpley, * and if it had not been for stumbling on that piece of crystal, I might havo Dbeen taken in. They tried o expiain to me that the crystal got in there by accident, but as they had previously told me that every stone in ihe collection had been examined by an expert, I knew there wasa lie somewhere. They hada few rubies which they claimed were found in the samo locality or near them. I looked at them, and was allowed to take oneof themto a jeweller, who pronounced it gonuine. That night I over- hanled my encyclopedia and studied up the char- acter of diamonds and rubies. +1 found that the diamond consists of crys- tallized-carbon, whilo the ruby, mhim, and all that class of gems were crystallized alumina. Next morning I went to one of the best %g‘olo- gists in New York, whom I h:%zenad to lmow well, and asked him if crystals of carbon and alumina could be found in the same locality, ¥ ¢ Moet certainly not,’ Was hia reply. *Such a thingmay be possible,” but I doubt it very much. +*\Vhat would you eay,” I asked, ‘If & man showed you & diamond and a ruby, and told you they were found side by side ?” 44T ghonld ask him'if he knew the man that put them there, and if he insisted that they Were natural deposit, I should change the topic of conversation for fear of saying something to wound his feelings.’ “T left the Professor,” continued Sharpley , # and made up my_mind fo have nothing to do with the speculation, although I confess I wag greatly puzzled. A&m from the statement of the geo%ng‘uat, and the discovery of the crystal which first caused my suspicions, everything ap- peared right enongh. The parties wera respect- able, polite, intelligent, and wanted a ood price for their property, or rather for Balt of i, s they only desired fo obtain money to work their claim. ‘They would not reveal the lacality of the discovery, a8 it was npon unsur- veyed ground, and they desired the passage of & bill by Congress to confirm their title to it. The | mesa, or diamond-bearing ground, was minutely described, and was very much like the dismond- bewring localities of Brazil and India. Professor Janin, & scientist of repute, had boen there, and staked his character on genuinenees of the dis- covery. He was sworn to secrecy, in order that there should be no jnmping of tho claim by the adventurous fellows who abound on the frontier, and to kecp off everybody, in fact, until the ‘praper titlo was socure and the company was | somothing of the sort. Thoe shop can bo a blind -i mand and supply tells more readily on lers get up their speculation on the real diamond fieldS of which you speak ? They could hava | made more money and saved the stigma of dis- finne_aty which they must bear as long as they ve.” Simply becauso the swindle was much the easiest g- The real fields are practically in- nccessible, except o s large well armed party, and under the sanction of another Goy- ernment than our own. A concession to hold and work them must be obtained, and this would take a long time.” I will eay this and no more, that they are north of the Trthmus of Darien, and are not in the United Btates. You may ess about their locality as much as yon like, E:t for the present X can say nothing more. You gee it was much essier to get up an excitement about Arizona or Colorado, and it into money, than to waif and work on_the Senuine enterprise. Men are nob generally inclined to dishonesty unless they can make something by it.” yso endeth what I have to say for the present abont the diamond swindle. . Imay have moro by-and-by. N ATTEMPTED SAPPEIRY SWINDLE. Some other transactions of = kindred sort have come to my knowledge, and'they may prop- erly be told in this connection. _A few years ago I was interested in the study of cr{: izations, and mado somo experiments in tAo laboratory of | a chomical friend. We tried a loyg time to get | up rubies and sapphires, and follpwed the pro- | cesses of Ebelman and Gaudin as closely s pos- sible.” Artificial erystals of alumina have been produced, but they have dwagu besn so emall ag to require o microscope for their discovery, and any attempt. to color them _has failed. In" the course of our experiments we came in contact with » scientific gentleman of ; considerable repute. He assisted us in some of | our efforts, but we nover sucoscded in them, not oven producing the smallest cryotal. Finally, we a ve up the enterprise and turned onr atten- Fon 1o aomaihiteg alie. Three or four months later I met this sci- entist, Professor Blanlk, in tho corridar of tha Astor House. He was delighted to ses me, and said he had called two or three times on busi- noss of importance which he could only explain .at his rooms. -We msade.an appointment for that evening, and ho went away. Iwagon hand at the appointed hour, and, after carefully locking the door, the Professor became confidential, “You remember your a?afimenm to produce sapphires,” he'said, “and you also remember that I took great interest in them. When you wero disheartened and_gave up, I did not aban- don hope, and at last I have been rewarded.. I “hava produced a perfect sapphiro by following another process from yours. You nsed alumina and boracio acid ; Thave been using the same things, but have added another acid zndan oxide that gives the color to tho stone at the same time that it facilitates the crystallization. Here is tho result.” As he spoke, he opened a table drawer, m&i from » small box, produced three beautif stones. Apparontly, they were sapphires of correct shape, color, and ‘density, and worth a Emat deal of money. They reflected the gas- ! ight, and, for-a short time, I saw a fortuno be- | fore me. When I had examined them thor- | onghly, and placed them on the table, the Pro- | fessor continued : ¢ Now, these are sapphires made in my Iabora- tory— nature has made them in hers, They are of the same material as the natural sapphire, and & man can sell them for genaime | stones and not be guilty of any frand.” T assented to his proposition. “ Here is o fortune in my secret, but to make the secret available it is neces; to proceed with great caution. The instdnt it is known or suspected that the stones are made by an arti- ficial process the market would be. ruined. I have thonght the wholo thing over, and dater- mined upon & plan. We will form a small com- any, the fewer men in it the better, and fit up a Fnburntor,yin connection with a tin shop, ‘or to prevent suspicion, and the lsboratory can be in the rear, where we will pretend to have a new process for soldering tin. ~When the stones are ‘made, we can put them on the market slowly, and sell them just fast enough to prevent getting up a panic.” He went on with the details of his scheme, which was plausible enough. only it was a trifle too Iate. Had he been an adventurer, I should have suspected him at once; but here was a scientific gentleman, whose name was on the title page of & book that had been received as an suthority, and, 80 far as I kuew, his reputation was without blemish. I was captivated by the Drilliancy of . the enterprise, aund_ readily consented to join him and bring the matter to the :attention of some of my friends. He wsnted about $20,000 for a eir--money, unless |- ] egan to wish I had put in my money, and it i ading him from ! to kecp onr mouths shut, and waib for what- | a guiter. The lapidary continued that he mads the stones to order, and three others at the samo- time, about a month before, but_declined to teR me for whom they were e. They were mado of strass, a fine articleof glass, consisting mainly of potash, oxide of lead, borax, and silsx. Neacly all’ artificinl gems sre made of strase, and the colors are_ obtained. by adding cartain oxidss. while the substance is i a state of fusion. Dis.- ‘monds, sapphires, rubies, and amethysts muda of strass may decivo o novice, and even be made eo- ekilfully 28-to Tequire's careful test Defore deciding on their other character, but you can no more sell them lor,.gennins to a regular dealer than you can make a butcher buy a poodla. under the belief that he ia a bulldog. Iroturned the gems to-the Professor thak. evening, with the brief explanation that my- friend was averse to a speculation on =accomunt. of a lack of funds, and that an une: de- velopmens had rendered it impossible for me to. invest. He did not ‘press foran explanation,, and we soparated with mutual regrets. QPEBATING IN COPPER. Another #{me a man who had been for sevaral rears on the Pacific Coast came to New York and “Well, to shorten up the story, the plantcrs # ived a month or two at my hotel, withont aay -sppearance of -business. I formed an acquaint- ance with him one day at the table, and found that he was a good talker, and well informed on. mining matters. Our acquaintance ran on a week or d!:i‘mgaone day he invited m; to his room, and showed, me some specimens of copper ore. "They were. of wondecful richness, ‘and while I was looking a4 them he oxvlained that he kmew where thore was s vein'six feet wide and .a half a mile long of just such ore. He said it inthe most careless wayimaginable, and re- { marked that he thought he had abont as good & thing ag there was goxng. = 1 thought 8o, too, md_after s few minutes® conversation we separsted- Nothing more was eaid for several days, when finally he asked if I knew anybody who would “like. to join him i working the mine and sharing the profits. Thera ‘was more than he wanted for himself, and he ‘would like to be relieved of the trouble of look~ ixx;ig after n]g. Thac Ex;uu va8 3:1 the Colorado ver, in Lower ifornia, aud was a very one to work, I tock some of bis samples orfi and showed them to a specnlating friend, who .#aid : “ This is & wonde: ly rich dre, and thers isno end of money in it, if heis talking the trath. It is worth looking into, but we must be cautions.” % Ten of us formed & company, and agreed to pay him $100,000 for & half-interest in the mine, 1f it turned out a8 he represented. He described it minutely over and over again, and his si appeared perfectly plansible, He was ready to- go there with any of us, show us the pr‘gpmy andsatisfy usthathe had told the truth. Wesent- oneof our number to California with him, and 2t San Francisco a couple of gentlemen, to whony we had written, joined the twain, and madea party of four to go to the copper-mine. All the ‘way he talked about the mine,—from New York to San Francisco, and from tho latter city $o the Colorado River. Several copper mines had been. opened in that region, and he spent a day es- corting the party among the reduction worksof these companies. Up the banks of the ‘river Bm led them about fwenty miles from the last of' these mines, and then acknowledged that thg whole thmfi was & deception, and that he had na: mine to sell. The two Californians proposed shooting him- on the spot, but the New Yorker had a prejudice- against shedding blood, and persuaded his Iriends to let the scoundrel escape. He did not return- with them, and he” never reap- peared in New York, but he did tum up in San Francisco, where he sold, for 310,006 (and obtained the money for it), & quarter inter- est in a mine to which he had no more title than 1 have to a township in the moon. Hewasa plausible wretch, and could look you straight in the eye while telling a lie a8 big and as plump g the swelled head of an Iri the morning after a wake, Ibelieve he was subseguently mistaken for a coyote, and shot by a miner whose claim he had been endeavoring to steal and sell. The miner regretted the mistake, or, at all events, said that ho'was sorry that somebody else had not mads. the mistake and made it earlier. AN e R CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS. Inter-Dependence of Easterm Citiea and Chicago., From the LaCrosse Republican. We_havo received an interesting letter from, Mr. William Hoynes, wellknown here, whoix now in New York, from wiich we take the follow= ing extract : _ % §t. Louis is an European aity in America. Té is » Birmingham as respects its cepital, its iron interests, and its dust-laden and insalubrious at« ‘mosphere, andit isa Badenasregardsitsshameful immorality. Foreign capital gives life and mo- tion_to its industries, and foreign influence . speaks with no_fechlo Yoice in its councils and ections. _Chicago, on the other hand;is sn American city, and owes its pecuniary vitality to the intercsted patronage of cagifim in the Eestern cities of our own country. Chicigo, Boston, and Naw York are_almost inter-depent ent. While Boston, New York, and Philads &hlz. have no special dependence upon one anothe: all of them show a very noticeable connection ‘with Chicago. ‘‘An observer of inter-cily relations cannog escapo noticing #. Chicago is refcrred to a score of times more frequently than St. Louis in businees circles in the Ens[ The distance, too, between theso great cities and_Chicago i3 notlcashly shorter between thom and St. Louis, & fact which exerts mnch influenca on tho cost of ortation. For exampla: Washington appears by reference to the msp ta be nearer to St. Louis than to Chicago, being al- most directly east of the former place. Yet tie fare to St. Louis is $23, while it is only 819 Chicago: _and _ passengers so desiring may go to St. Louis viz Chicazo with- out extra expenso. Chicagois to be the greas inland city of America, and nothing can changa this result. St. Louis will be a Pittsburgh, while Chicago will be & New York or a Philadels phia. Chicago is the southwestern terminus of tho great chain of Iakes, and as such it must serve as a key to the Union Pacific Railroad for heavy, tgooda going East or West. Commerca upon the lakes is likely to increzse in the ratio of 10 per cent yearly, and Chicago must resp a corresponding advantage. ¢ 1 shall not weary {lau.r patience by showing in detail the causes which will continue to make Chicago the greatest city in the West, but I giva froe expression to the sweeping assertion thab such it will become. And Imayadd, that it is Tnow a just cause for mirat that LaCrosse did not at an earlier day seek direct communicstion by railroad with Chicago.” —_— PERSONAL. . 'The Hon. Mr. Howe, of the Canadian Cabinet, is ‘about to publish a volume of poems. —*Brick” Pomeroy has a now girl baby, 10 days old. —General A. H. Terry will reach St. Paul, anc tako command, after Christmas. il und —General J. H. simfi:mg Iste at Mobile, and Lieutenant Colonel Raynolds, at St. Louis, change places. —The Rev. Jobn Tonner, of Canton, O., is the only Iocal preacher of the Methodist Church in the United States on whom the degree of D. D. has been conferred. —The Rev. J. P. Dumoulin, of Hamilton, was on Saturday elected, on the ninth ballot, to the offico of Missionary Bishop of Algoms, by the Church of England Bynod of Quebez. —The ubiquitous *Lord ” Gordon Gordon has turned up in a new spot, and has been turned into an old Canads jail for putting money in his purs e for & forged $1,500 check. sharein the secret and as capital wherewith to set up and stock his proposed laboratory. To wind up in tho evening and leave me fally con- vinced, he opened a crucible, which, he averred, ho had that afternoon taken from the furnace 2nd laid away to cool. From the black maes of slag at the bottom he extracted a couple of sap- phires, smaller than the ones_he had previously shown' me, bub na perfect in every way as the others. My mind was nesrly but not quite made up. I asked the privilege of taking one of these Iatest sapphires and also one of the others to ghow to a friend whom I wished to join mein the speculation. ‘The Professor consented, with tho injunction that I must not reveal the secret of their manu- facture, and that I should be very camtious about exciting the suspicion of any outsider as to their artificial character. ‘We must be very carefal,” said he, “ not to let the dealers know that tho stones arenot dug from the ground like all others in the market. They ara in overy respect the same, but the question of de- 8 recious stones than on anything'else that men deal in.” Next morning I jumpedinto an omnibus and rode down town. I went to a lapidary on John street, with whom Ihad a slight. acquaintance, and at once showed him my sapphires. He looked &t theia just an instant, and asked what I wanted to know about them. I asked what he called those stones. “Well,"” he repliod with s smile, *they are very good imitations of sapphires.” “Imitations " ** Yes, - imitetions; I ought to know, forI | made them myself.” A gigantic flea at that instant,—a fles as Iarge a8 an elephant,—entered my right ear, and I jumpéd akout like a school boy exercising across | —Tt is stated that Congressman Cox is going on along voyage noxt summer. He expects ta iravel through Norway and Iceland, and as near to the North Polo 25 he can get. Two years ago his soarch was for winter sunbeams; next wine ter it will be for summer icebergs. —The late John A. Griswold, of Troy, N. Y., loft an estate valued at from $3,000,000 ta 85,000,000, of which the personal property is be~ queathed to his wife, the income of the te- , mainder to be divided between her and his twa |- 8ons in the proportion of three-fourths for the latter during fifteen years, atthe expiration of which time the capital is to be similarly divided. How the Word Boston Was Madc. A writer in Good News thus incidentally mens | tions the curious derivation of the name Bos- ton: “Lincolnshire, or Lindissoy, as the Iand soufh of the Humber was formerly called, re- ceived tho Gospel from the good Bishop Pauli- nus, in the seventh century. Inthe same cen- tury, a pious mounk, known as Bt. Botall‘i or Bot-holp—that is, Boat-help—founded & church at’ & place called Y-ceanho. The towa which grew up around it was called *Botolph’s Town,” contracted inia Bot-olps-fon, Bot-os-ton, and finally Boston. It was from this town that Rev. John Cotton came to America, and gave the same name to the ses~ ort in which he settled in Massachusetts. St. Botolph, or Boat-help, 1s the patron saint of sail- tho spire of his church supports, 510 ors, an ch 5 feot high in air, a lantern visible at ges for forty miles, thus both Iighting the WO ors home from the stormy ses, and pointing their way ta the haven of rest. it was under the shadow of tho tower of that old church Jean Bigelow wig born.