Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 8, 1872, Page 4

4- i » THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, DECEMBER 8, 1872. PERIODICAL LITERATURE. ©Old and New, Van Nostrand’s, | the Overland, and the Contemporary. “Responsibilities of the Administration and of Congress-—-Tazation of Churches, Scienco and Religion-Heasuring the Ba. pidity of Thought--Two Skil ful Physicians, The Source of the Solar Heat---Pomo In- dians-~-Constitntional Germany--« Miracles and Fact---Free Trade in Land. OLD AND NEW/. Among other questions suggested to 0ld and + New by the result of the Presidential election is, +4 How are we to hold the Administration respon- ;sible for its own follies and sins, and mot for those of Congress;” and, “How are weto ymake Congress responsible for its own?” In Americs, unlike England, the chiefs of the Gov- ernment are not the Cabinet Ministers, but are the leaders of the two Houses. Thesemen ‘have attained s power the Conpstitution never contemplated. It is urged with great force by some thet, in obedience to the English anslogy, we should permit the Heads of Depariments to occupy seats on thefloor of the Honse of Rep- resentatives, in order to oxplain and defend thei® administration. This plan would hsve the great advantage that we +ghould be_able to know, as we bardly do now, what the |policy of the Executive s ; and that we should be ble to Hhold the Executive, more precisely than wo now do, to responsibility for its policy, On tlie other hand,a states- ‘man 8o eagacious as Ar. Calel Cushing, is said to have 8aid, Tecently, that it s a great marvel thst the English Government goes forward at all, ander the necessity of constant explanation, or refusal to explain, while Par- Jinment js in session, It may bo said, perhaps, that the English bear this confusion in their Administra- tion betfer than any %’mu nation, bocznse, a3 {nelr conntryman, Mr, Ward, bas wisely said, they “are Governud by rhetoric more than by’ logi:.é‘ They bave Come go far that they remrd first-rate speaking moro even than first-rcte executive ability in tho choics of 3 Prime Atinister. It might almost bo eaid that you can- Tot have a Prime Minister unless he speaks well. This Twould have been a hard test to try General Grant by, rif his own account of his own powers in thisline is the “Tme one, 5 3 = Old and New contents itself with suggesting ~the question, and passes on to livelier topics. A spublican—J. P. Quincy—preaches a sermon un- er tha title, THE TATATION OF OEURCHES. He gives us his skeleton, thus: invested in churches should be treated Like all other property. It shoi elp the people mes! “their necessary expenditures. Its exemption from tax- «ation fslogal; butisitjust? Not consistent with our democratic theory of government. Evils of any alli- sance between Church and State; press this home, Two .questions : If equality of civilrights is guaranteed to why should some hundred millions of property, in- ~vedted in ecclecinstical edifices, contribute nothing to wupport the burdens of the State? Is thers any essen- *tial difference between making s direct donation to the blo money to support sectarian views of religion, 2 relieving ecolesiastical investments of their pro- portion of taxstion? To bresk this shackle between “Church and State 15 a Christian work, Then ghall the sformer represent the ideal justice between man and {man ; whither the latter must be tending, unless our Abeory of government is a delusion, He says : Remember that fhe right to own land, elther as in- \dividual or corporation, is mo matural xight, Itis ermitted by the State £olely from consideration of sexpediency ; but, in granting this pe on, the Jegislator wonld create the most odions and intolerable ‘aristocracy were it not for fwo_powerful guarantees rthat render it, on the whole, beneficent ; theso are axesand competition, Taxes goad land-holders on e gido ; competition persuades them on the other. “The result is, that the industrial forces of the com- munity take possession of the land at the precise mo- ~Zment when it productive powers can be increased by 78 change of hsnds, What, then, does the legislator do ‘when he permits the natural capsbilities of land to be dwarfed by factitious distinctions among its holders ? CHe sssumes & tremendous responsibility. He violates @ social law just s cerfainly as the mam _who Askes another's lifo violates 3 moral law. Both Tmay be justificd ; but the probabilities are against Fhem ; and they are bound to show the most obrious nnd passing necessity for their actions, Tt is 5aid that our Commercizl Metropalis in already ‘governed by an Established Chi ‘which owes for- «<ign allegisnce, and threatens the most vital of Ameri- «an instifutions, It is alleged that this ecclesiastical (organization, taking advantsge of our unjust Exemp- “ion Jaws, has acquited enormons wealth, and stands ready to ‘buy legilation at the highest quotations of "hat commodity. Our Catholic {riends may say that 4his is an idle Scandal, utterly untruo at the present time, and of their particular Church, Very “then’; T will cheerfully admit. But mark this : unless umsn nature undergoes a radical change, it is certain become trme at some time. by ex- wewpting from fazation valuable lands at {he centres of our cities, and permitting ecclesiastical putioritid to bold unlinited seres in subuxba roo to city-centres), provided these are held as.“ grounds” or alleged charitable institutions, our legislators have ive delivered the peopleto the Arst ecclesisstical body —controlled by a central power of good business-ca) wity—that may choose to take the reins. Whether that "body may happen to call itself Calvinist or Catholit ‘Dnitarian or Positivist, or by some pame at present unfamiliar, I will not pretend to say. ButI can tell ~yon this: our posterity will find nosweet sayor in the emory of those politicians wheo, by permitting anjust iws t0 stain our democratic statute-books, gave their x}mpmy to spoliation, and imperilled their dearest QUESTIONS AND CORRESPONDENCE, oy the Rev. George Axford, is a dissertation in rthe form of 8 correspondence, relieved by alit- rtle dielogue, and a startling catastrophe, con- - cerning the scientific thought of tho day as it raffects the average trust of men and women in ‘the goodness of God, = future life, and human ‘happiness. These topics are inexhaustible; severy human being is, to some extent, a searcher sand " an srggfid&! of such truth in themas The finds for himself. The spirit of the article is «apparent in this peragraph. 1f Sclence, or Philosophy (call it what you will), says 4tis now 1“5; the fi.szué:.myn (gwing;tn gl\': anwmmu':,a Suman questionings sbout life, spirit, God, then Belence is 5 shallow-pated fool; but, if Science 3spires o nnderstand, interpret, and republish the indestruce ible hopes of Bumanity) then Scienceis a minister- angel. For my pert, T hope it will be proved ths tevery atom of matter, and shred of protoplasm, and breath of an- imated being, belong with epirit; are of ome kind, are essential to each other; that mind and matter, body and soul, Creator and all creation, arcall one, Then ‘there will not be room for ono _hideous doubt that evil may sarvive, Give us that unity, aud the growing in- %elligence which appears in man, and which must ap- pear in other worlds, will eject evil from tho universe. Given such a unity, and it is impossible for moto doubt that it subsiats by virtue of an informing find, 8 unive Bpirit, than which I Jnow no nobler .thought nor sweeter consolation, Izmeven eager to have tho assertions of material- Msm established a3 the basisof the widest generali- =zation of epiritual facts that hoy ever been possible. E. E. Hale gives an inimitable little sketch of -one dear little Janet,” which ends, 25 all sto- ries ought to, in the happy marriage of him and " MEASURING THE BAPIDITY OF THOUGET, ‘When people say, “Quick as thonght,” they aean too quick {0 be measured; but, among the other miracles_which modern’ science has accomplished, W. H. Dael tells us, is the feat of messuring the rapidity of mental operations. This hns been accomplished throngh the 1abors of euch cminent_Europesn physiologists a8 Du Bois-Beymond, Valentin, Donders, Hirsch, Helmboltz, and especially Miger. These men have actually invented & machine, cslled the myograph, to messare and record the motion of pervous action. By this contrivance Helmholtz found that, to traverss a nerva 1.6 inches long, the nervous impulse required 000175 of & sec- ‘ond, which corresponds to a Tapidity of sbout23.68 surds per second. This rapidity is ‘subject to somo {aristion from the circumstancés of the particular case, This remaskable Tesnlb paves the way to the study of the psychical action, #Has thought the infnite Soeed wiieh is usually aitributed f0 it2” ssks Done “Qers 2 “or will it be possible to_measure thetime nec- eseazy for tho {ormation of enides, or for a dotermins- ‘tion of the will 77 . The first researches on this interesting subject are aue to estronomers. About the year 1790, Maskelyne discovered the cazl- s fact that there w3s a coustant and equal discrep- Zncy between hia observations of the passage of stars across the tivesd of » meridisn telescopey und thos of his assistant, Kinnebrock, This attracted the at tention of other astronomers ; and Bessel, comparing #he observations of others with his own, found that most observers signslized the passrge of a star a little Jater than he did himself, tho difference sometimes ‘amounting to more fhan' & serond. Other observers “ccupied themselves With the determination of this rror, which is called the ,_:erm:zh;q:fwan. ; This is fonnd to differ as the_intellectnal an pervons conditions of the indivlduals vary ; snd Ao delicite Were the observations of Donders and his collaporators that varintions of 1-15 of a second have been detected: The minute fractions of a second which theso mental processes_employ are not the less tangible, They can bo oa thoroughly spprecisted as months sud yoars; eapecially when multiplied for comparison with com- mon standards, We have seen that the transmiseion | , of thewill, mn the shape of a norvous forcealonga nerve, 15 ot the Tate of something less than twenty-four yards 3 second, or forty-cight miles and o half 2n hour : R0t ‘much faster than an ordinary express-train. To put a girdle ’round the earth in forty minutes, st tho equator, would have required a speed on the part of Puck of 625 miles u miuute. This would be more than 770 times ua tast as fae Lmar will can teavol over own especlally organized conductors, the n In other words, if tha will were to emulsto the task of ihe goblln, it would. have to feloct 3 latitude hardly ‘more than five miles from the polo in orderto completo 1he circuit in the stated time, “ Qur Pilgrimage,” by Lucretia P. Hale, and “ Ups and & recital of travel in the Eagt and the Holy Land, and the other, one of Mr. Hale's very readsble | stories,—are continued. : ‘Some more extracts are given from the GESTA ROMANORUM, i which wore noficed last month. Herois one of the most striking ¢ Two physicians oncs resided in s clty who were ad- mirably elilled in medicino: insomuch, that all the sick who took their prescriptions were healod; snd it thence becamea queation with the inhalitants wiich of them waa the best. _After a while, a disputo arose be- tween them upon this point, 8aid one, “My friond, why should there bo discord or envy or anger: let ug make tho trial; and whosoever s infarfor in zkill shall servathe other.? 4 But how," replied his friend, “is this o be bronght about?” The first physician ane swezed, “Hearme, 1 will pluck ont your eyes, withe out doing you tho smallest injury, snd lay them befora you on the tsblo; snd when you desire it 1 will roplaca them'as perfect and serviceable 34 they were befare. If, in like manner, you csn perform will fhen ‘b esteemed equsl, and walk aa brethren throngh the world. But, remember, ho who fofis in the stfempt Ehall become the servant of the other,”” T am well pleased," returned his fellow, “to - do ag you say.” Whereupon, he who mado the pro- - position took out his instrurments, and extractod tiy s eves, besmearing the socketa and e outer paxt of th e Ldswitha rich ointment, ¢ My dear friend ,” suid be, “what do you perceivo?” I Of o suraty,” Cried tho other, I seo nothing. T want the use of xay eycs, but I feel no pain from thelr loss, X pray; 5ou, howéver, restore them to their pleces, 88 yon T.romus- ed" “iyillingly," said his friond, Ho again fouchisd the inner and outer part of tho lids with the oint~ ‘ment, and then, with much precision, inserted tbe alls 'into their’ sockets, *How do you sée now2” ssked he, *Excellontly,”returned the other; “ nor Q0T feel the least pain.”’ «Well, then,” continted the first, ¢ it now remains for you to treat'me in a similsr menher.”® I am ready said the latter. And, nccord- ingly, taking the instruments s tho first had done, he Emeared the upper and under part of thoeso with 8 ‘peculier ointment, drew out the oyes, and placed them pon the table. Tho patient felt no pain; but added, 1 wish you would bislen 10 Testare fem.” Tho opt erator cheerfully complied ; brit, 03 he prepared implements, a ¢row entered by an open window, and, seeing the eyes upon the table, enatched ono of them up, and flew sway with it. The physician, vexed st what hoppened, 6aid to himself, “If I do mot zestore’ tha eye to my com- punton, I must become his slsve At that Tnoment a goat, browsing ot no great distance, attract- ed his observation, Instantlyhe ran to it, drew out omo of its ex0s, snd put it into the place of fholostorb. )y dear friend,” exclaimed the Operstor, “how do things appear to you 77—* Reltker in extracting norin replacing,” he answered, “did I suffer the least pain 3 ‘but, blesa me ! one eys looks up to the trees 1"—t An 1% replied the first, “ (Lis ia the very perfection of medi= Cine, Neither of ua is superior ; henceforward we will e friends, 85 wo aro equals, and banish far off that spirit of contention which Bas destroyed our peace.” The gont-oyed man of physic scquiesced ; {hey lived from this time in the greatest amity. o e, 5 e S ety 2 owledged his A i not, pyisieed Nfoppry comllo s el experiment. e VAN NOSTRAND'S. At a time when our greet civilization sesms fo breed grest calamities, like tho horse-disease and the Chicago and Boston fires, and s feelin, of ingecurity weskens the very foundations o our nineteenth-century pride, which begins to remember with fear the plagues of the middle ages, is not reassuring toread Captain Erics- son’s article, in Van Nostrand's Etleclic Engi- neering Magazine, on THE SOURCE OF SOLAT ENERGY i.e., its hest. The combustion theory, lately resuscitatedbyM. E. Vicaire, merits no considera- tion ; the theory that the heat is csused by the constant raining upon the solar surface of mill- ions of meteors is disproved by careful investi- gation; it only remains fo show - that the heat is generated by a motion of the parti- cles of the sun toward its centre; 1. e. a contrac- tion caused by tha attraction of gravitation. This mechanical energy generates the heat that warms the universe, Popular gratification with this Incid explanation of the cause of heat will be somewhat saddened by the thought that this Pprocess is, by it8 very nature, an exhaustive one, &nd that we must some day stand still ina fro- zon hesven. Two million years ago the sun was one-tenth Jarger than now, and the highest tem- perature at the trupica was 81 degrees instead of 67 88 now. 'This accounts for the luxurions flora which geology revesls in its record of past ages. Two millions years hence, the sun mlI be one- tenth smaller than now, The nebular hypothe- sis of Laplace finds striking confirmation in these calculations, which Captain Tricsson enforces with the most elsborate mathematics ; ‘Helmboldt, too, has proved that the condensa- tion of the sun’s volume, in accordance with this theory, would develop enough mechanical energy to make fiood the present solar emission, Easy-going people need take no comfort in the flmflgEt that {he last particle will -not find its resting-place about the solar centre, snd the 1ast spark of heat will not be_set fire, until two millions of years have elepsed.. These ruthless disgrams sna figares of the Captain's show that the sun is shrinking day by day at noless rapid rate than 1-10,000th Enn evary 1,864 years, which causes a fall of the surface of tho sun of 10 feet a month. Worse yet, this solar mechsniem gets out of order, tho condensation ~seems liable sometimes to stop_in some places, and the heat to fail. ‘We do not know at what moment our horvenly furnace may cease to work. Hietu? informs us that more than once he has refused fo radiate. Herschel states in his ** Outlines of Astronomy,” that, “ in the aunals rf tho year A. D. 536, tHe sun s said to have snfered & great diminution of light, which continued fourteen months, From October, 4, D. 626, to the following June, 8 defaleation of light to the extent of one-half isrecorded; and in A. D. 1547, during thres daye, the sun is said fo haye been so darkened that stars wero geen in the dsytime.” Again, the glacial periods, the sscertained sbrapt ter- mination and recurrence of which puzzles the geologist, point to periodical derangement of the solar mechanism in past ages. 2 Shakspeare tells us to *‘swear not by tho moon, the inconstant moon,” He evidently ‘meant that wo should swear, if swear wo must. by the ¢ ceaseless " sun. But Captain Ericsson takes from us even that votive centre. ‘ RAILEOAD GATGES. Tho costruction of cheap lines of narrow- gauge railways has become & matter of general public interest. “ The battle of the Gauges re- newed ” gives the points of a recent work of M. Fairlies on this subjoct. His book is, the ro- viewer ssys, a most valuable contribution to our literature treating of commercial railway dis- cugsion. Other articles aro as follows : The Rolling of Ships (illustrated); Ancient Mining; The Scwage Problem; The Incressing Spiral of Heavy Rifled Ordnance; An Electrical Experiment with an Insulated Room; Experiment with Dynamite; The Forceof the Rudder, by Henry Ransford, Esq.; Water Contamination aud. Speculative Chemistry; Land Bpans and Arches; Compressed Air Engines; Origin and Growth of Romanesque Architecfure, by Edward A, Freeman; Notes on Scwago; On the Tconomy Shown in Homan Construction} Constructive M- terials; A New System of Longitudinal Ship-Building, by J. B. Bcott, Esq. ; The Measurement of Ships ; Safo- 1y Valves and Steam in Motion, by J. McFarlane Gray; Suspended Railways ; Bridge Cylinders; Lead Mines and Works in Germany ; The Mnchinery of Ships of War; Large Roof Coverings; Roads or Railways; Railrond Brakes; Est African Railway Exploration } ‘Experiments with the Cameron Steam Pump, by M. H. Tresca; Metrological Reform, OVERLAND. Northern California Indizns seem to be much like other redskins, according to the account of them in the Oterland Monthly. The present pa- per, which is the sixth of the series, describea THE POMOS. Thess ettain their growth at a remarkablyear- 1y age, some of fheir squaws becoming mothors 410, Pomo women are mot allowed fo study 1angusges, although the men devote themselves ‘with great assidnity to this pursuit. The dread- ful humor of this custom we forbear to_eluci~ date. The problem of existence with the Pomos seems to be the subjection of their wemen, who are very unraly, and need to be ed with & Turkish jeslonsy. Almost the sole object of governmant seems to be to keep them in" proper subjection and obedience. . _The_one great burden of the harangues de- livered by the venerable Peace-Chief on solemn occasions is the beauty and the excellence of fe- male sober-mindedness, . All the torrors of su- perstitions sanction and the direst threats of the great Prophet, and all the most dreadful calami- ties and pains'of & future state, are hung sus- pended over the heads of those who are per- sistently disreputable. Al the devices that sav- age cunning csn invent—all the mysterions and ‘masquerading horrors of devil-rising, all tho se- cret and dark sorceries, the frightful Apparitions snd bug-bears, that can be supposed effectual in terrifying. tae young squaws into order—are ro- sorted to by the Pomos. OTHER ARTICLES. There are, as usual in the Overland, somoe very good ehort stories in this number. ~ Lot ™ is the sad history of ‘‘Poor Couein John,” who loved till death one who &% fixst reguited his af- owns,” by £, E. Hale,—the former, | fection, bus . dismissed him suddenly without ex- lanation, an d disappesred from his life, *The egend of tkte Monte Cito Grapevine” is & love- story of Southern Californis,—the scene laid among the Spa nish who once held that country. “The Origin: of Antiquities”i8 & very “ble parer, show.ing that tho mounds of the Mis- sissippi Velloy and our other antiquities, prove the claim of tho Northern nations of Kurope that America was first discovered by them. The other contents are : Asphodel (Poetry) ; Arab Literature and Love-Lore ; @ the Race—in & Double Senso; Living Gla- «clers of California ; John and Margaret (Poetry) ; Ul- travva : No, IIL—Bay. Coast; The Buildin “Unversity, 5 CONTEMPORARY REVIEW. M ost of the articles in the current Confempo- rary ' Review are of English interest. Such is the ¢ pening paper by the Rey. Malcolm Maccoll, in wk ich Anglo-Catholiciam is dofended againsi the ai tack of of the Bishop of Argyll. The Rev. James Davies gives us some of the letters of Sir G. Cornwall Lewis, who, though not ]jorme up fo the public view on the crest' «df popular movements, held high posi- tionin the English Government, having been Secreta ry of War and Chencellor of the Ex- chequor , and was o man of high culture and character, and the intimate friend of men like Gyroto 124 DeTocqueville. JO¥ “ CONSTITUTIONAL, GERMANY."” ¥ Eribrile-Eyans tracos tho origin and nature of “the Germnmg Cnngedsmfimz ack tod(:he.fi?e- gioning of the _ century, an en Tollows up throngh the succeeding years, the changes whi have meade it what itis. We find room for his conclusions, as they aro of deep interest ab this crisis - of German Eatm—y which all Americans are keenly watch- 'F "Tho responsibility of Ministers, Tn Prussia thero 16 really but ono _Minister, Princo Bismarck, and ho holds tho office of Chancellor of the Empire, not by thewill of the Reichstag, but by the pleasuro of the sovereign, It is tho latter slono who can dismiss him. And, s long o he Tetalns the Chancellorship, - he s armed with the fullest executive power, Thia is the ‘Prussian notion of Ministerial responsibility, ‘How high on idea of his power Prince Bismarck en- tertains, 1a sufiiciently clesr from the instance already clted from the annals of 1860, In what constitutional country would & Minister dare to ralse, on his own responsibility, the moncy expressly denied him by the Chambers? 'So, too, in 1839, the Chancellor Ticlchatag money—this time for the flest—on his own account, if they refused to yoto it. In another spesch he virtually allows that the North German Confedera= tion is a Dictstorship under himself, and dealines to share his responsibility with other Ministers, e maintains the right of the Orown to appoint to cor- tein offices in violation of regulstions mado by fne Reichstog with referonce to such oppointments, And ‘when the unhappy Relchstag, with a dim senso of re- sponaibility, desires to havesomo informstion _about foreign affairs, md petitions Bismarck for Blue Books, the Ligh-hsnded Ohancellor tells them roundly that he considers their request uncalled for ; but, should they persist in it, he will 6eo if ho cannot by next year have “ gomething innocuous put together for them 1 Bomuch for Parliamentary Government in Ger- many. 5 Hovr it stands with the iberty of the press will bo sufliciently clear from the following festimony of a competent_suthority, “The an press,” says Weicker, writing in 1864, ia subject to & reatrictive nd oppressive system, which, more by its d charscter than oven by its harshness, Bcems to havo Deen designed (instead of educating 'the representa- tives of popular opinion to a noble freedam) either to doprive them of all courage, or toembitter and demor- slze them% Solately a3 1605 tha Mocrty of 0 peess was for a time entirely suspended, and the nowspapers $ad fo renouncoal dlscasaon of intormal pOlticr. AL tho present timo the journals are subjsct to a multi- tuda of vexstions and ing_regulations, ‘most significant of oll, press-offences, which, above others, tho Constitution of 1848 provided should be tried By jury, are so tried in one alone of tho German States—Bavaris, i NoT—— i II1. With respect to the and, porhape, mo important phase of freedom,—tho Lberty of the sub- Ject,—modern Germany prescnts » picture the reverse of edifying. In this matter, the Government claims, or ot least xercises, a power sbolutely despotic, For instance, in 1860 the Deputy Mende made a spech Gladbach on the internal condition af Germany, in. which he asserted that, look where one would, the Ger- man was_burdened and oppresecd, and attributed & great part of the evil to the enormous standing army, ‘Hundreds of thousands of soldiers, he said, wero kept for three years under arms, The first’year they Jearned their drill, snd tho other two they Were Sup~ ported {n idlenes at the expense of the peopla, For this harmless oration, which was not_suffered to attain a grester length, Herr Mende, although s member of the bighest legislativo body in Germany, ‘was at oncoarrested and thrown into prison, 8o, oo, Quring the German-French war, the venerable Jscobi, —the Bage of Konigaberg,”—was placed in confines ment for vents to Taise the voice of humanity against the anncxation of Alsace and Lorraine, The fame fate befel 8 clengyman who, 10 the pulpth, took the not uncommon theologloal view that the war was sent by Providenca fo punish Germany for her Na« tional sing, To personsges eo specially under Divine ‘protoction sa the King of Prussia and his Chancellor, this seemeq nothing short of sedition, Buch is the present constitutianal condition of Ger« many, Noreal liberty elther of tho press, of speech, orof the person. A paper obnoxious to tho Govern: ment is at once conflscated ; an individus] imprisoned, The whole youth of the country, compelled to give up the threo best years of their lives to military service, aro trained in habits of servile obedlence, and, in tog many cases, indulge, by way of compensation, in the coaraest and most shameless licentiousness, The Ghambers, long since taught “jurare in verba 2ri," tremblo lke helpless children if tho @hancallor threstens his_resignation. of tho enormous sums received from France, groans under a burden of taxation to which hitherto 6ho has been unaccustomed, Tho arts of war flourieh, ‘whilst thoso of peace decline, ~The finest army in the world has, a8 its necessary counterpoise, a bourgeaisie mean, ervile, and unenterprising. The land briatles ‘with goldiers, before whom the burgher dares have no indepandent’ opinfon, More than aix milllons of ‘pounds lie infructuous, ready at any moment for uso when the policy of the Chancellor shall once more Decessitato a war, In epifo of the most stringent ‘proclamstlons, the youth of the country, whilst it Telps to chant its pmans, flees affrighted to England or America to escapo the tyranny of its Governusent, ‘The position of the writer will be better un- | derstood if we add that he is one of the Catholic party, Herays the Chancellar ‘‘has dared to throw down the gauntlet to the Church, After muzzling the press and the citizen, he has now undertaken to muzzle the minister of religion, Two most odious pieces of class-logiulas tion—the law for visiting clergymen ~with special " fines and penalties for preach- ing political sermons, and that for the expulsion of the Jesuits—aro Princo Bismarok's latest efforts in the cause of humanity and progress,” adworth H. Hodgson writes of 'The Future of Metaphysics;” and the Rev. T. W. Fowlo of - res . ... 3 r» s [ 3URACLES AND FACT.” His drift may bo soen from this exiract : The more, 23 it Beems to me, that we can rationalize or oxplain by natural causes other miracles, such as, for instence, tho crossing of the Red Sea, .or themore we sncceed in_doing away with the supernatural ele- ment in them by further discoveries in_tho regions of mind and;matter, the better it will be for the cause of religious truth, 'This will haveto be enlarged upon Tereafter ; bub whot wo want is o minimyum of nter- ferenco with natural laws or tho onehand, on the other some distinct revelstion of God to the soal through the usual organs of apprehension, What men want, 1 must again ropest, is not eigns, wondors, or convhlsions of Nature, but s yoice rroms living God, ‘making itself heard by methods sufficlent to satisfy & rational and sober mind of its teality, Bucha voicemay e heard only nowand then, and may, in its special out- ward manifestation, boconfined to a fow chosen spirits, from whom it descends to us in the usual channels of spiritual influenco. But to them it reveals, in unmistsk- sble language, not only the sbiding charagter, but also tho presont designs, of Almighty God, and (it may b ‘but this is eecondarily) prodacea o aem that vpde: fined contral over Nature which we ‘miraculous, We seem thus to havo taken one step towards placing oursclves ot tho contro of the labyrinth of the miracu- Ious, from whence we m2y hope to adjust its various windings in thelr true placo of reailty and useful- ness, And yot cvery step only shows thio more clearly what doubtful, hesitating, fentative work it needs ‘must bo, and Low much exsler it is either to swallow everything or reject overything, according io our ‘mental bizs or education. It i8not, however, thus that a belief in God _has been maintained in_ scarching and. trying times; nor has mere blind defence or equally ‘Dlind atiack any resl or fruitful intereat for those to whom inquiry 18 ono of {ho chief delights, and fruth omo of the main objects of their lives. g of tho | that he would sgain get. Jority) dgf afha testator, or for the benezt of a posthu- IE: J:onl:!ud:a: ly, the farm-Jandlords ought to accept free trade 10 130d I thoy wish to avoid measures whidh wil havo lesuregard for their interests. Let them reflect on thelr position. See where they stand ! They are 30,~ 000 £0 30,000,000 ; they have lost the rotten boroughs ; they havo lost the peculiar control they once pos- sessod—which they usunlly exercised ins negative manner—over national education ; they are about to lose, by the agency of & secret system of ballot, thelr power of intimidation at electiona, Rosistance fo _re- form will sssuredly produce revolution, and the first 2ct of successful revolution would be to imposo heavy taxation upon the land, andto decree compulsory distribution st déath, proportioned b s suncise that our 1and system wil permitted to continue in its present form, Rev- olution might witness the_installation of the plan for # nationalization,” the hobby of #0 many of the Work- ing-classes, by which the Btate wonld purchaso the to- terest of the landlords, and grant leases of the lands ss pazt of th public domain, -owners, {riends of order, must condemn ‘ourland system, beeause it deprives our conntry of tho unfailing resources which other lands posses against revolution. Our land sys- tem s very dangeronaly contracted in xegard to owner- ehip, There is abeolutely no power in the rural dis- triots to gainsay tho will of the massesin the towns, ‘When 8 Bocialistio Commune was erected in Paris, and demanded tho exclusion of the city from tho general law of the country, there were 5,000,000 landowners in France ready to 83y “ No,”and to’ enforce the views of property upon revolutionary Parls, Here thare i no such force, The 80,000 landed families in the United Kingdom could not stand a moment against the breath of revolution ; and, a8 for the peasantry, there aro not (if they were the friends of the Ianded intercst ‘Which 18 Dot the case) more of them in the larger falan than a minglo branch of manufacture collects in the vicinity of Mancheater. The Reform act of 1867, the Worlk of 8 Ministry of lind-owners, carried by tho couns try party—Mr, Disracll having “educated” them to tho task—thus constitutionall powerin tho hands of tho population of the townb, and the hallot will confirm thority. The Rev. R. F. Littledale and the Rev. John Hant close the number with a long description of tha’ proceedings of the “Old Catholic Con~ gress,” - - = Kid Gloves. Ladles who button on their dainty hands snd arms the exquisitely-fitting kid glove (often with gix but- tons, and less than three is not not considered stylish), ‘have littlo idea of what numerous processes the skin has undergone Lefore ready in such perfect shape to ‘wear, The best Tl:luty of used for the Paris market sroTalaed In the district of Champoga, and first-clasa gloves can only bo produced in lim- ited quantities, For the lower grades of gloves the #kins raised in' the southern parte of France, Ger- o best adsptod. The great variety of difficult and delicate processes ; preparing of the Tough sidins, the tanning, Bhaving, Currying, bathing, resnimating, coloring, cutting, sewing and dressing, all of which must ba dono with the greatest care to prepare theskins for & firai-class store, Tho most important part ia tho bath. ing and reanimating the skins, After bathing, dyelng and bleaching, they psss into the handa of tho tireurs ‘whose dnznllh to selectand sasort them carefully, and according o thelr capacity for taking the differ: ent colors, This tireur spends & life-time in scquir. ing this knowledge, whils to the inoxperienced they look all alike, The dyeing over, they go to tho outter, who, after cutting them in long pieces, and marking witl thesize intended for, brings them at last into glove form by means of ron dies, placed unders vy preas, in which manner three or four glaves re stamped out at the samotime, Tho glove ia then resdy for the gewing girl, who cinnot finish more than two & day, a8 overy stitch is done by hand. Afterit sewed it foe to tho dresst 15 thera carefully and nestly foldod, buitoned or hooked, and cked 10 by the dozen in boxes ready for tho trade, They vary in price, according to quality. == CARPETS, -~ - Carpets. X will offer, on. Monds, i fho chotoont patiorns. of Bte sut Feins 2 Brusacls, and all kinds of Wool Usrpangs, CURTAIN GOODS. I will offer, on Mondsy, my stock of Cur- & Woloott'a, which I have. pusenas dlscount of 45 O/ lease E%Pie "0 ed) at & er aent. All inneed of these ‘Bobaciment is in charge of P Wt i oiihes firat-class in every respeat.w = ® SPENCER H. PECK, 19 SOUTH CANAL-ST. CARD. I shall be pleased to see all m: customers of the late firm ot‘Hng:: 2 “V‘glé cott, and all in want of first-class Curtain Goods at lowest prices. Respectfully, GEQ. W. HASKINS. MUSICAL. BURDETT ORGANS! ‘We beg to inform the admirers of theso traly ma; cent instruments, that we have nowin stock 8 fine assortment of the most desirable atyles, including specimens of the renowned COMBINATION ORGANS, In elogant, newly-desij , Tholestls domend. 7o Ao Toomesiontel now, &s it alwaga ‘has been, largely. in excess g: atgergelggle%. Eub t.ahoga tx‘mw on hand have ress D netaned | D! ly for our own Retail LYON & HEALY, GENERAL AGENTS, State and Monroe-sts., . Opposite Palmer’s Grand Hotel. PIANOS, OfDECKER BROS., N Trat-olacs Manaiacraretas 0 Ote Store and Warehonse, 455 Wabish-ay, H. CLAUSSENIUS & 00., General Agents for the State of Tlinois, Christopher Crooked. W.ATCEL EIIM. MEETINGS. Attention, Sir Knights. Of St, Bernard Command: annual con- . FREE TRADE IN LAND is & paper in which the principles which Cobden 80 successfully introduced into the commercial policy of Great Britain aro applied to the laws concerning the tenure and transmission of land. There is in American land-policy, as far as it is connected with the legislation of and-grants, sn evil that requires the application of the same principles; but Mr. Amold's paper follows the divergent track of primogeniture, entail, and the other abuses of English policy. His views have an interest, thorefore, mainly for those who are interested 1n English politics. Forthem we give the abstract of his scheme: In order to establish free trade in land,—of which, in these preliminary remarks, I have endeavored to establish the naed,—I shall suggest legialation directed to the following ponts 3 1. The devolution of real property, in cases of intes- tacy, in the same manner which the law directs in regard to personal property, 2. The abolition of copyhold'and customary tenures. 8, Tho establishment of & Lunded Estates Court, for tla disposal of encumbered settled property. 4, A complation of the Ordnsnce Survey of the TUnited Kingdom upon a sufiicient scale, 5. Asystem of Tegistration of title, which shall be compulsory upon the sale of property, the fees upon registration—sufficiont at leadt to defrny all official expenses—being a percentago on the purchase-money; the ssme percentage for all sums, A certificate of title would be given freo of all costs in respect of any {reehold lands of which thereputed owner could prove undisturbed_possession for thirty years, Any titlo could bo registerod in the Land Registry Offics upon evidence of title for thirty years; the fecs belng the £ame a8 {n case of sale, when ihe reglatration would be compulsary. G, That, presrving intact the power of owners of land to biqueath it undivided or in shates, no gift, or bequest, or settlement of life estate in land, nor any trust establishing such an estate, ghould hereafter be lawful; the exceptions beingin the case of trusta for . the widow or tlie infant children (until they stiain ma , No. 35, K. T. clavo Wodnesdsy ovening, Dic. 1, 1o slottlon of oicers and payment of ducs. Asylum 676 Wast, 8 wacds, B, 8. 3 O DIORARSON Htorae Masonie. Lafayotto Chaptor No. 3, R, A, M. Thoball - 1and Todgo No L, Ar Bk b A e aen ‘sourteo! tondered “us by Obicags Comumandory gu. a fasant the annual convoeation will be Sttt chploeml oo el iy Al hombers aro hersby samiant o chten. A © 100k ‘Byorder of the H. P. E. N. TUCKER, Secrotary. laced the supreme | HOLIDAY GOODS. ERAND OPENIN AND SPLENDID DISPEAY, VERGHO, RUHLING & CO., Agregable to promises made to many friends and customers, will have one of the finest Openings on TUESDAY EVENING, Dec. 10, ever witnessed in this eity. . Our stockis simply IM- MENSE, comprising every variety of TOYS, FANCY GOODS, eto,, manu~ factured in Europe and America, VERGHO, RUHLING & GO, 138 & 140 STATE-ST. LOWEST Ph IN THE MARKET. Fancy Goods, Bohemian Glass, China Toys, Wax Dolls, Lava Goods, Dolls, Etc. OUR STOCK IS ABUNDANT! WE ARE RECEIVING MOBE DAILY!! AND MUST MAKE ROOM!!I WE MEAN BURINESS!! ' SONTAG. & STAUDINGER, IMPORTERS, 640 Wabash-av. To e Holiday Trads. SCOTT & & OVINGTON BROS. ‘We are now receiving direct from our Brooklyn and Paris houses, & large stock of very choice and meri- torious Holiday Goods, and it would afford us much pleasure to show them, though you may not wish to purchase. Elegant Plain and Decorated Sev- res China, from §150 to $850 per set. Real and French Bronze Statuettes end Graups, Card Receivers, etec. Copeland’s Parian Sta and Busts, Vienna Gold Bronze Goods. Rich Bohemian Vases and Coupes. Alabaster Vases and Jewel Caskets, and Bonbonnieres. Rich Card Ta- bles. Opal, Bohemian, and TLava Toilet and Smoking Sets. Beautiful Swiss Carved Wooden Goods. Su- erior Silver-Plated Goods. Pearl, vory, and Silver-Mounted Cutlery; and the most wonderful of :all, the SWISS MECHANICAL SINGING- SCOPT & OVINGTON BROS, 219 WEST MADISON-ST. (0BB, ANDREWS & C0,, 469 Wabash-av., HAVE A LARGE STOOK OF Standard Works in Fine Binding, Atlases, and other Works of Reforence. Ting Bibles and Prayer Books. The Carent Poprlar Publications. Diarieg for 1873, Ting Writing Desks, ANl Popular Juvenile Poblications, Tmported ad Domestic Albmms, Toy Books ad Games, Pocket Books i Rugsia Leather. Backpammon Boards, Dominoes, &. —_COBE, ANDREWS & 0. Masonic. Tho members of Blaney Lodge, No. bersby notlfied that th 271, F, & A. M., re b Bl it b B e RSl expacted LAt 6vory member wil by preseihs - o 7. 5. 5. WHITNEY, Secrotary. Masonic. Ro; embly of Vi nsgal ) at Maso , c Hals for work. s,oxaa’insgfim'f"~ B0ignany Belsted 0T, ", P.*. G.* M, . B. SLIOHTER, Gfand Secy. DMasonic. Apnual convocatio thian Chapter, A3, Frids unveniél o oriathian, Ohapt of e 350 paymentof dugs. - oge i hanights of Pythias. mombera of St. J gosted o nx;_‘n::z at g:x;'r: c%'fi.fi?a’é{éigfii{fi? vening next, Doo. 13, Busin botransaciad.” Orddr of ALER: MeRBNGRr G mce J. . DIXON, K. of B. 8. Steamfitters, Attention. There will bo & meeting of Ohicago Steamfitters at Globo Theatzo Hall, to-day (Sunday) at hall past3 o'clock, sharp, This will bs the final meeting provious to tho ball. oo, 9, B 1or alostion IOKERS o on to A foll mosting 1 desired, By arder of .. R SLYNER. Seamtare- . LADIES' CAPS. TO THE LADIES! CAPS! CAPS! CHRISTMAS & NEW. YEAR'S, MADAME OARY form her friends and ps. Pt S r e, obaats and varicd: st To m“r']cm Toes than former prices. Call and Jogy NI OARY, (20 Wabsshiav, PROFESSIONAL. 2 Has returned to the city and to his practice. Residence, 3860 PAPER. PAPER! Notic o the Trads. nts in | . We nave been appointed gor this city and the Moraass i e asie TUAN- P 8 AN e Northwest. for of the CELEBRATED B of flat papers. These papers _have been greatly improved of lats, and are now undoubtedly the best papers for Print~ ers’ use that are offered in this market, as the color never varies, and they are never stook sized. ‘Weo have alse a full stook of tho sec- $Be SRR Sl Secter tomat y 8, connt arge buyers. We also desire to call nfi'enfiona e, our general stock of our own manufacture Wwhich we offer at mill prices, Bend for sam- e and prices. ‘manu- gom“ b2 as at cost of - ovland Pager G0, 173 W WASHINGTON-ST. 0 THE LADIES AVD PUBLIC GENERALLY, FARNSWORTH, BROWN & 00, WHOLESALE DEALERS, will, for the next thirty days, retail Ladies’ and Gents' FURS, Such as Seal, Mink, &c., at ‘Wholesale Prices. Also, Wolf, Lynx, Fox, and all other kinds of Faney Robes. g 056, 258, 960 & 962 Mafisms, Directly opposite Field, Leiter & Co. E“R Of every kind at LOWEST PRICES. J.S.BARNES & CO., 164 East Madison-st, -DRY GOODS. DRY GOODS. MATRREIER BRS, 204 & 225 WEST HADISONST, i d will open on MON- B I o e of Ty d Fadte ionable DRESS GOODS, consisting of Alpacas, Merinos, Empress Cloths, Satteens, Serges, Poplins, i}pmglmes, | Plaids, &c., &c., “Which we will zell ur:‘i a LARGE REDUC- O o etk & splendid aasortment R & AR R OUS T BACQU RS, %%%g. ga_:tm’ms. SCARFS, &c., &c., at very low prices, REMOVALS, We will remove to our new location, east side State-st., four (4) doors south of Washington, about Jan. 20, conse- quently will sell or rent our store and lease, 648 and 650 Wabash-av. (Building briek, 175 by 30.) - . HILYER, JENKINS & CO. REMOV.ATL. GERSTENRBERG COMMISSION MERCHANT, Has Removed to.199 East Kinzie-sty, REMOVATI. DR.J. W.BENSCIN, OFFICE, 66 WEST MADISON-ST. 3 Residenco. 45 Wast Jackson.st. - _CATERER. Serenieentn Tear JOHN - WRIGHT. The subscriber, Is now prepared to furnish Weddings and other recoptions with all tho nacessary outfit, in- cluding awnings, carpets, cals:ium lights, and an eficient corps of good walfers. Hss Just imported ' complte sot of Ohina and Silver Ware. Orders for Flowers, Musio, &o., filled at short notice.. Invitation cards delivered promptly and corroatly. V/ith good workmen, and mate- Fial tho best, will guarantee satistaction to all intrusting orders to hls care, by mafl or st officos 647 AND 649 WABASH-AV. TO-RENT. |’ ~OFFIOES IV THE Are nearly finished.’ Sevalral are yet ; untaken. Fire-proof, with vaults; English tile floorsthrough- out, " No:offices i -the city equal these in.every first-class respect. Plans of the Tribune Building can be seen atthe office of : ’ P W. C. DOW, 1, Nevada Block. oo SCALES, .~ FAIRBARKS - * BTANDARD. .. . (=" ' Room No. * * ‘QF ALL BIZES. Michigan-av. Office at house. Qffico hours. 9 8. m. to 1 p. m, P FATRBANKS, MORSE £00 65 WEST wuam,qrox-sr._, S NEW PUBLICATIONS. Francis Wey's Rome QONSISTS OF ONE THOUSAND COPIES; AND I8 ISSUED BY D, APPLETON: & 00 OF NEW YORK, WITH WHOM COEB, ' SUPPLY OF THE WORK FOR UHICAGC THIS SUPERB VOLUME OONTALS THREE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FUE SORIPTIVE TEXT, THE ENGRAVINGS ARE OF THE FX- EST DESORIPTION AND CONVEY OfR- REQT AND VIVID IMPRESSIONS OF TIE EXISTING 0ONDITION OF THE OBJECTS OF ART AND THE GREAT ARQHTTIO- TURAL AND HISTORICAL EELICS éF ROME. THE VOLUME IS A LARGE TION BOTH BY THE INTERESTING UHARAQTER OF IS OONTENTS AND ITS ELEGANOE AS A BOOK IOR THE TABLE, - ABSTRACTS OF TITLE. 70 THR PUBLL, The connection of the undersigned with the buste Dessof making Abstracts and Opinions of’ Title to ‘Beal Estate in this city and county closes this day, The firm of EANDY, SIADIONS.& CO., our suce ces07s 10 821 business, we desiro to commend ax iz every way thoroughly relisble and competent to_con~ auct the same. et The Abstract Books belonging to us will continue to bo kept up under our personal supervision, CHASE BROTHPRS, SHORTALL & HOARD, Chlcago, Nov. 30, 1872, JONES & SELLERS. NOTICH. On and after Mondsy, Dec. 2, we will receive orders for Fxaminations of Titls to Lands in Cook County, at our of- fice, 297, 299, and 299 1-2 West Ran~ dolph-st. » Orders will be taken only on blank. forms furnished at our office. SUCCESSORS 70 CHASE BROS,, SHORTALL & HOARD, & JONES & m}g& STOVES, &o. Stoves for Christmas;! RADIANT FrOME. 01d and relisble MORNING GLORTY.. SUPERIOR PARLOE. FIRE IRONS, COAL VASES, all kinds of Housel zeep-_ HATCH & BREE7H 503 Weat Madisot 18t OCEAN NAVIGATION. Europe Ahoy! NATIONAL LiNE. NOTI.CE. . 2 'l'h,s Steamahips of this Liv, Zowsall foom New Yory for Quosns erp0. EDNESDAYS, az Tiov Saturdass, s horstofors . % Fram New York t0 @7 eonstown and Liverpool = Wodnesday, Dec. 11 ‘Wedaesday, Dec. 15, every 5% cceeding Wednesday. Rates to or frrym British Ports, $29, o Rates ta ar from ! Serman and Scandinavian Ports As Low a3 by any other first-class Line, WALIIAM MACATISTER, 55 Morket-st.. Chlcago, ‘FOR EUROPE. INMAN LINE ROYAL MATL STEAMERS, Will sai froim Now Yockas follows: i )F MONTREA) % ... Thursday, Deo. 13, 3B, &Iy OF BRDssrts turday, Dec, 14, 2P, AL CITY OF ANTWERP. Saturday, Dec. 'Y 'OF PARIS.... Saturday, Deo. o 3 B° M gflfllch lncugerllnzhsl l;l"nU'RDAY and THURSDAY, No- D R S Bass doE. ! .00 e FRANC.IS C. BROWN, - Genoral Westorn Agent, 86 South Mar ket-st., Chicago. HO! FOR EUROEE. CUNARD MAL LINE Established, 1840, RATES ADVANCED. To or from Britishpoints -~ - . - $30.00 To or from German points - - - 38500 To or from Bremen or Skand pavian points - - - - - - . . . 3800 P. ¥ i. DaYERNET, Gezeral Westorn Agent. 73 Mnrket-at STOCEHOLDERS MEETING. Public 7 jotice 13 horeby gison that the A% aual Meeting Bolders of the Lako Forest H: otol and alfg: Company, fof the Durpesa of electinga Bo gra. of Diresiors s anae e o Watnosy 2 400 be brongbt, betars 1 Pecomber, J55, mt the 1 dds- st 1 srelork o, m, a8 tho id Company, No , 150 LaSalle-st. (basement), 18 ‘offcoof s he city of Chicazo. = 3 Chidago, Deo. 3, 157, ALEX- WHITE, Secretary. FRACTIOR AL CGRRENCY. of the Stock- S5 F ‘ackagfas | FRACTI0 NAL CURRENGY FOR BALE AT I TRIB UNE OFFICE. TH AMERCAN EDIFON DREWS & 00. HAVE ARRANGEDFORA i HANDY, SIMMONS & €O, ENGBAVINGS AND A VERY FULL IE- . QUARTO AND WILL ATTRACT ATTER- . |