The Butler Weekly Times Newspaper, December 28, 1905, Page 12

ey Te elias mee nat er wre men mnw GREAT IS THE AME the nt is the mos sreat people’ yably eve time began. The Se perity a issued since SECRETARY WII tary says that it a most grateful, task to present to Chief and th to the American people pen picture of the American fart a day, to make clear the position of the farming i wonderful productiveness. contributions to the general prosperity of the country, » points out some of y which his t the farmer, Sa ee DR, WILEY, Chi.f of the Bureau of Che The same is two-fold. It s to add to the knowledge of the man and to increase the productive capacity of the acre. Mr, Wilson does not, how ioe ks ever, lay back upon his oars and inti- mate that everything is being done that is necessary, for, great as has been the work undertaken and accomplished, and gratifying as has been the re- ; as shown in the first few pages nis report, be it remembered, re- marks the Secretary, that we are still at the threshold of agricultural develop- ment and that the educational work which has led to such grand results} has only been extended as yet to a} portion of our agricultural population. | Unprecedented Prosperity of Farmer | A year of unequaled prosperity has} been ded to the most remarkable | series of similar years that has come to the farmers of this country, Farm crops have never before been har- vested at such a high general level of production and value, Corn has reached its highest production, over 2,700,000,- 000 bushels, of a total estimated value of $1,216,000,000. Hay comes second, with a value of $605,000,000. Cotton GUY ELLIOT MITCHELL, SON, OF THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, is! estimate of the value of dairy products is expected to yield $575,000,000. The DR. MOORE, CHIEF OF THE WEATHER BUREAU. k de d the ricultural the number o: profits that have come to the farmers. Weather Bureau Work, The report pr the complished by th RICAN FARMER. work ac } | the highest value ever before reached. | W only one crop, corn, reached its i production this year, four ops—corn, hay, wheat, and rice— jreached their highest value. | Value of \he Dairy Cow, | No crop but corn produces the in- ASS'T, SECRETARY HAYS. the benefit of the farmers, mariners, and manufacturers, and points out |that with all the development of this work the average per annum increase in the cost of the service for the past ten years is but 4.41 per cent, Suppression of Diseases of Animals. Of the Bureau of Anima] Industry the Secretary says that the work of fighting contagious diseases of animals has been unremittingly carried on, The report refers in detail to the principal diseases which have been made the subject of study, and concludes that in every case the efforts of the Burau have been attended with a more sat- isfactory control or complete eradica- tion. He commends highly the skill The} does, at the d € ry cow reaches $665,000,000, The hen competes for precedence poultry products aggre- billion dollars in value, Farm Animals. and mules on Jast winter $1,452,000,- h cows are advancing in and are worth $482,000,000. » value of all other cattle is esti- mated at $662,000,000. Great Amount of Exports. During the last fiscal year, exported domestic farm products were valued at ry <ixtoan \ and energy which characterized the $827,000,000, | During the last sixteen | 1 orossion of foot-and-mouth disease years the domestic exports of farm !; “pat a products have amounted to $12,000,000,- a ge England States in 1902 00, or $1,000,000,000 more than enough - ‘to buy all the railroads of the country | pjant Diseases and Plant Breeding. at their commercial value, and this The Bureau of Plant Industry is or- ganized into eleven offices and employs over 500 persons, about 60 per cent. of whom are engaged in distinctly scientific work. In its systematic work in securing new plants and seeds from foreign countries the Bureau of Plant Industry has been highly successful, Success has also attended its work in cotton breeding, undertaken with the view to obtaining new sorts combining im- tiveness, The Secretary records the production of a new citrus fruit, the citrange, several varieties of which— the Rusk, the Willets, the Morton— have been developed. Another inter- esting product is the new tangelo, a hybrid of the pomelo or grape fruit, and the tangerine orange. Very considerable importance is re- corded in the manner of seed distribu- tion, A special feature has been the encauragement of school-garden work thereby. Growth of the Forest Service. An important achievement in For- estry during the past few years has been to enlist the sympathy and co- operation of lumbermen and forest |owners, and the Secretary urges that the work of education continue until DR. MELVIN, Chief of the Bureau Animal Industry, with the mere surplus for which there was no demand at home. Farmers as Bankers, One of the most notable outgrowths of savings by farmers is the great multiplication of small National banks in recent years, As many as 1,75 banks, each with a capital of less than $50,000, were organized from March, 1900, to October, 1905. These were dis- tributed mostly throughout the South and the North Central States, in rural regions. In the South 633 of these banks; were organized, and in the North Cen- tral States 792, For the first time in DR. HOWARD, Chief of the Bureau of Entomology. public opinion will not tolerate heed- Jess waste or injudicious loss. In the saving of waste the Service has added vastly more to the National wealth than its total expenditures during ite entire history. The control of the for- est reserves, embracing property worth in cash at least $250,000,000, hag been transferred to the Forest Service. The Service continues to afford important aid to private forest owners. ll country banks are directly and indirectly because of the s - | health. ather Bureau for MR. PINCHOT, CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OF FORESTRY. proved length of staple with produc-! g to our cereal produ and pre- d meats. The latter included a ematic ex ation of canned Its practica fact that, without excep- m of the ordinary pre- foods is prejudicial to The Secretary argues the need of protecting the public from these evil effects by legislation. Soil Surveys and Soil Studies. In spite of the activity of the Bu- reau of Soils, there are on file at the present time requests for mapping 215 counties in 40 States and territories. The surveys already made aggregate 63,000,000 acres in 44 States and ter- ritories. The soils adapted to spe- goods. developed th tion, the ad serv ives to PROF. GALLOWAY, Chief of the Bureau of Plant Industry. cial erops such as the grape, the apple, citrus fruits, the sugar beet, alfalfa, rice, corn, cotton, ete., have all been made subjects of special study based on the field surveys. The investiga- tions of the Bureau. into the question of soil fertility and manurial require- ments have attracted general atten- tion and much comment. The Cotton Boll Weevil. In the work of the Bureau of En- tomology considerable space is de- voted to the Mexican cotton boll weevil. The subject of dissemination of the weevil through cotton gins has | Chief of the Bureau of Soils. been very carefully investigated, and DR. MERRIAM, Chief of the Bureau of Biological Survey. important results have been obtained, resulting in recommendations to the ginners calculated to greatly, reduce this danger, Beneficial Insects Introduced, Work has been done by the Bureau of Entomology in the introduction of the fig fertilizing insect of South Eu- rope, the introduction of a parasite of the black scale so injurious to citrus experiments have | STOP 3 NONE GENUINE UNLESS STAMPED WEGRE, SAFETY REIN of a parasite of the San Jose scale from China, Life Zones and Crop Zones. The work of the Bureau of Biolog- ical Survey includes the determination of the boundaries of the natural life zones of the United States and the corresponding crop zones, The chief purpose is to ascertain the bounda- ries of natural life zones with a view to aiding the farmer in selecting crops best adapted to his locality and in avoiding crops unsuited to it. Studies of Birds. One section of the Biological Survey is engaged in the study of birds and their various relations to man, espe- cially to determine whether birds damage crops, whether they protect insects either injurious or beneficial, and to what extent they feed upon weed seeds, Thousands of birds’ stomachs are examined in gathering facts on this subject. Publications of the Department. In the Division of Publications more than twelve million copies of publi- cations have been distributed by the Department during the past year, nearly 45 per cent, of which were dis- tributed through the Senators and Repregentatives in Congress, Need of Government Crop Reports. Referring to the work of the Bureau of Statistics, the Secretary says that the development of organizations to fix prices, and in some cases to force temporary changes giving unnatural advantages to price manipulators, has led to the need of a strong and im- partial agency to make comprehensive reports of actual facts relating to prospective crops and yields, that all Senne may know how to buy and sell. The Improvementof Public Roads. The work of the Office of Public Roads is primarily educational in character, Its province is to detail experts to give information and ad- vice. In many communities it {Is found advisable to supplement advice by practical demonstration of effect- ive road building. These roads have been built in thirty-eight States, Speaking of the growth of the De- partment, the Secretary reports the number of persons on the rolls July 1, 1905, to be 5,446, Of these, 2,326 are rated as scientists and scientific assistants. This shows an increase since July 1, 1897, of 3,003 persons on the rolls of the Department. ‘Gleanings in Bee Culture | teaches you about bees, how to handle them for | honey and profit, Send for free copy, Read it, Then you'll want to subscribe. " 6 month's | trial 25c, Don’t delay but do it to-day, ‘ A.L. Root Go., Medina, Ohio. Kirk’s SOAP isa green soap, consiftency of paste, a perfect cleanser for automobile machinery and all vehicles; will not injure the most highly polished surface. Made from pure vegetable oils. If your dealer does not carry American Crown Soap in stock, send ushis name and supplied, Put up in 1244 25 and 50 lb pails, James S. Kirk & Company CHICAGO. ILL. YOUR . ) WORKS INDEPENDENTLY OF THE DRIVING REINS. Write for descriptive circular, free on application, to THE GEER MANUFACTURING COvrs 47 EXCHANGE PLACE, NEW YORK. 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The Bureau of Chemistry has con- ducted important investigations relat- short wheat crop of last year is fol-)the financial history of the South, de- 7 Monroe Street lowed by one of 684,000,000 bushels| posits in the banks of that region now and its value, $525,000,000, overtops|exceed $1,000,000,000. These remark- Chicago, IL, U.8.A.