The Butler Weekly Times Newspaper, March 18, 1891, Page 6

CHARCOAL BURNING. ed Uned and Ite Prepara- for Market. The Kind of W t — just clearing upa tract of wood- land and am tarni fuse to count "yo many ¢ charcoda said a countryn a reportel are the best purpose kes a very |. and itis hardly worth buarn- snerally the good wood is culled “Beech wood and hi for that poor e« vat, then a huge circeala is made of knots and refuse. Thi is often | $10." 199 fort in diameter and from ten to fit- | teen feet in height ‘The wood is piled th great car a straight rows around tsmall opening. about one foot in diam- le tich is left as a sort of chimney forthe fire to be started in. As soon as the pile is completed, it is co er with forest leaves or straw, and ent whole inass is covered with dirt to t ick of three or four nehe it resemble sinall vol cane, espe and the * beyins to issue from the left in the top. The fire is started by dropping shavings into the small openin chimney. which was left in’ the center, and then lighting them by dropping live coals into the cavity. A few holes made n uw the bottom of the pile of dirt ino to create a draft, and as onus the fire begins to smoke these hol ain closed. ow, ifevery thing goes right, the sallowed to smoulder away, with just air enough to support combustion. if whigh wind should spring up, as it is closed tight to the fire, and very often boards must be laid over the whole pile to keep out the wind. It takes from ten days to two weeks to burn a ‘pit,’ as it ulled, and this time isa period of t anxiety tothe charcoal burner, as the operation must be watched night 1 day, and a little negligence may cause the loss of weeks of hard work. As the fire progresses, part of the char- ‘oal is consumed by combustion, and the remainder shrinks to nearly one- half its original size. The shrinkage, of course, would cause the dirt to be left standing alone, provided it would do s In ler to meet this diffi- culty the tender goes round and round, over and over the pile. packing the dirt with ashovel. This continual packing inust not be neglected, for if a cavity should oceur, and the dirt cave in in- stantly, the whole pile would burst out into flame which nothing could stop. “As the burning progresses holes are punctured through the dirt in) such places us the tender thinks the fire h not yet been. The holes create a draft and at once bring the fire to that part of the pit, upon which the hole is again closed and the charring begins. As soon as the tender thinks that the work is complete, he shuts up the chimney keep down und packs every hole. He then spends about two days in packing — the dirt and watches for — crevices through which smoke issues and closes them as soon as they are discovered. farrels of water are now hauled to the pit, and workmen begin to open up a side and take out the charcoal. If sparks of fire should be found they are at once dashed with water, and, as the work progresses, water is thrown into the pit. while the steam thus cre: es to all parts of the coal, and 1 ns the dan- sr of a fire. As a rule all the coal is once us a precautionary and every man who has burned removed at measure, a pit is glad when he gets it off his hands. From 800 bushels to 1,000 are made ina pit. This is hauled away in wagon loads of 80 bushels to 100 bush- els, and sold for about 15 gents per bushel; thus from $120 to $150 is realized from each pit.” According to chemists only twenty to twenty-two per cent. of the wood re- mains as charcoal, the rest being driven off as gases. Charcoal is sixty-five per vent. carbon, Charcoal is a great disinfectant. An experiment made by a Scotch doctor illustrates this. He put the bodies of two dogs into a charcoal bath, with three-inch layers of coal on all sides. At the end of six weeks the bath was opened and the remains taken out. Nothing was left but the skeletons and the skins, and, although the weather was warm and the experiment had taken » in the doctor's laboratory, no odor n perceptible. The explanation of this was that the gases were absorb- ed by the charcoal and afterward set loose in such small quantities as not to be noticeabl Cincinnati ‘Times-Star. Malay Tooth Varnish. ‘The Government of Burmah has late- ly published an interesting report by Mr. ing in Mergui, in the extreme south of m, in the corre the common black teeth of the error Malays and Siam due to chewing betel mixed with lime. It ap the black color vf the tee ya special process em purpose, for no y when the fire js started | Merrified on the prospects of plant: | course of which he | that the | able wonld like to have white dogs’ teeth, like Chinese. Indians and Europeans. Cocoanut kernel is savefully charred, and then worked to stiff paste with cocoanut oil, When | varefully and regularly worked over the teeth this produces the black nish which is so much admired. some Malay tribes proper thing not teeth, but to file ike sharks’ teeth. Among is considered the only to blacken the them down to points “A Siamese. or Malay man or woman docs ropean when y London Times. pot us beantiful awning.” Legal Detini ons. ea En- | Complaint—-Mr. Blackstone. I dent see how Lam going to keen you any tonger unless you make some payment | on your bo: Answer—I assu rou, Mrs. Hash, se oe © time to settle that $90,000 claim he ¢ wern ment this matter shall have my prompt attention. Demur Well, if 1 don't see the money bj ime tVve posses- sion. i. Brief—His subsequent stay.—Puek. —He Pays i.~-Does Dick ever you back what he borrows?” Yes, when he wants to borrow ) Latham ca MAKING DIAMONDS GROW. | It’s Not Very Dificult If You Turn Them Over Often Enoagh. “Look at this stone,” said a young journeyman jeweler in a street car the other 1 zy a ssue paper wrapping from a pi of white wax, in the center of which a beautiful diamond Mazed. ‘That is the least worth at ‘How is it that you can afford to buy ble stone as t one of his frends stances such a valu his ¢ o kn ulm- “1 will put you onto the snap,” said - That stone has been und f think it has ou mean by a diamond di the friend. 1 You remember doin my: ‘ tin We th w has thin little eat ar n cost Io sold the pin for Ss. and an cight-carat ittle off ria trifle over ight a ing, You know 3 an get those things quite low now. They are | made up by the thousands by firms which do not make finished goods. Well. I put the stone in the setting on a spiral and sold it the same week for Sis. Then [ went to the office and | bought the best stone [ could get for | 315 and mounted that in the same manner. 1 ita month and then sold it for 530 to a bartender, and I put $25 into another It was a little | beauty, and I traded it for another one of about the same and got 35 to boot. That put the stone down to $20, and I put it intoa setting which cost me $3, and sold it a few ¢ ter for $35. I got another stone for § znd had it} two months before | made a turn with | it; then I cleared id put the money | into a beautiful stone, which brought me up to 860, when I sold it in a hand- some stud setting. “Then I got a chance to sell a ring for | and I made it to order, putting in a} stone which cost me $42.50. I put the whole $75 into another stone, which I wore stone. size, carried around for awhile, and had fully made up my mind to keep, | but a butcher offered me $100 for it and J sold it) to him. It was in a crown setting. which cost me & Vor the hundred I got a dandy stone. and I was sure I could keep that one, but 1 have had four bet- ter ones since, and have got up to S180. I can't go much higher than that, I guess, for there are few men among my acquaintances who can afford to tempt me with a profitable offer for it. I wouldn't sell it to-night for $200, be- cause I know that I have got a bargain. I'ma pretty good judge of diamonds, and when [ put that stone into a nic ring 1 will make it look lik worth; and I don’t think that any body can persuade me to sell it for any thing less. In all the changes I don’t think that Thave put in more than $16 or $18 of my pocket money. ‘The rest has been profit on the stones and settings.” —N. Y. Sun. ARIZONA RUINS. © The Casa-Grandes or Montezu Sig Houses” of the The casa is entered ata projecting angle, through a window of sub-Gothie form, measuring three feet and three inches in height by two feet and four inches in width at the bottom. This small apartment is smoothly plastered within, and blackened by tire. The plastering bears finger-marks and im- pressions of the thumb and hand, show- ing that it was laid on and smoothed by the hands. The roof is formed by wil- lows laid horizontally across eleven rafters of ash and black alder; upon this a thick layer of reeds is placed traversely, and the whole plastered on top with mortar, forming a floor to the chamber above it. The rafters are peeled, except one or two that were evi- dently taken dry. They average about fifteen inches in cireumference, and were set into the walls at the time the latter were built. They were burned off flush with the wall outside. Some of them show hatchet marks, where branches were lopped off. From this room the only means of exit, ex- cept the window by which it was en- tered, is a small hole in the ceiling, just within the entrance. measuring thirteen by eighteen inches. and bordered by flat stones laid upon the reed layer of the roof. These stones are smoothly polished by the hands of the dwellers in passing back and forth. as this was apparently the only means of entering the seventeen apartments above it. The traveler in this section is ¢ » certain rated | ons and possessed « © tissue portals of the ar cience Me Writes with His Te Captain LB : ceived a letter fi rad V. lett lf to any one with his teeth both out. his teeth does the « which he that his me his penholder. o chance? | ——The Runni regard to | Small Boy—- me editors who re- | home, Tommy: ject poems for no other reason than that thes ae neo. - Drvoblya Life, ‘How » Boy | shadow the | its incon of the woods: prour own undre; | along up THE FIRST GROUSE. ts Wher + Shoots His Virst Wird. A boy of £ of life to m bat too fall nutiously. is walking w a road that \ nere with meande at now se vagrant and purpos - but once led to the | various pile rs. for whose har troodly t since grow: from saplings t the judicior xe then scorned eeches. whose tlat branches jare shelv poplars, turned to tor Be the | same alche f hem- locks. py russet stumps gun as somewhat noi and « with qu glances the thick ng himself the last Mohican war-path, or Natty Bumpo sconting in t! srimeval wilderness Under his breath he tells the contid- ing chickadees and wood med-of danger th } eckers What would be in from such a suit of noble me. Then he hears a sudden rastle of the dry leaves. the quit! quit! of a par- tridge, catches a glimpse of a rapid running brown ol at on the stant is launched inte ny th derous flight. Impeled by the instinct of the bern sportsman he throws the oun to his shoulder, and searcely with aim, but in the direction of th and fires. On the instant he e sound pulls trigger is ushamed of his impulsive haste. that fooled him into wasting a precious ¢ we on the inani- mate evergreen twigs and sere leaves that come dropping and floating down to his shot. and is thankful that he is the only witness of his own foolishness. But what is that? Above the putter and rustle of falling leaves comes a dull rebounding thud. followed by the rapid beat upon the leaf-strewn earth. With heart beating the sound. afraid to ieve his senses, when he sees the noble grouse flutter- ing out feebly his last gasp. as fast he runs toward He can not be sure that itis net all a dream that may vanish in a breath. till he has the bird safe in his hand. and then he is faint with ever such a shot? Would world was here to sec. for lief it just for the telling. There never will be another such a bird, nor such a shot, for him. He fires a dozen ineffectual shots at fair marks that y. but the glory of that one shot would atone for twice as many misses, and he need not tell them, only of this, whereof he bears actual proof. though he himself can hardly t it, again and again he tests it by admiring look and touch.— Forest and Stream. A SLIPPERY BEAR. Was there that all the whe can be- ra Four Hanters Catch a & One of the most exc Mr. Pacheco, the recently-appointed Minister to Central America. occurred during one summer night off the Cali- fornia ‘oust Where the seals were in the habit of going. ‘The bears came there for the purpose of capturing and feeding upon the seals. Mr. Pacheco and his riders took u station at the top of ahigh bluff to wait for the return of the huge grizziy that they had seen go down below to feed. He came back about o'clock, and when he was fairly upon the top of the cliff the four lassos whirled and the bear was caught. They were never more successful in a first ef- fort. The four lassos were thrown as if directed by one hand. Each paw was eaught, but the bear was greasy from his seal feeding. and one lasso after an- other slipped off. Of course in such hunting each rider has two or three lariats in reserve. Asthe lariats slipped off the bear charged. To protect them- selves it was necessary to throw new ropes, and upon the instant. This fight kept up for nearly an hour, when the hear and his hunters both gave up the contest. He was too slippery to be held, but the persistence of the hunt- ers had so daunted his spirit that he was ve glad to off the last. when the hunt became convinced that it was a hopeless cas Mr. Pacheco has killed many grizzlies. In one instance he had 2 very narrew escape. fectaally to hunts had by eleven was up in a mome charge was ving } of the in the nooses hunters » Tribune. having expressed the mains be put by these o When the g opened the investig: ion it peasants of th 1 swamp. uly of the de come. This su m is prevalen don't t v s or pr 1 have - we eau Boy -1 didn’t. I walked ar; ay and rac back."—Yankee Blade. till! he was riding | dry bed of a} ' THE JAPANESE RELIGION. A jon of Superstitions and Tra- as Which is fncampreh: learned priests of their in th symbols, the chaos upon wh uddhism of has so str foisted itself most serious cult seems to be that of their defunct ancestors. “These hold without in the j | lique eyes. one must reduce to chaos all that I have just 1 ‘no try to trans- pose it into giddy brains that laughter prevents most of the time m think- ing. and that seem at moments to have the he sof the br iduous in rrimages. Which lessnes ins of birds. their to pagodas deliciously country yw the little brid. . With the nt pass- ing of their marine-blue and with the wide shells of their black head- dresses In the big c mer evening. the some sanctur honor of i situated in the ) dresses. as. on almost eve ‘y suum- is a pilgrimage to or other—sometimes in that xactly his role in the world. After business of all kinds. with its bar- gains and barters, has been suspended, after the i tty trades have stopped their monotonous noise. when the myriads of little houses and shops | begin to put upt light shutters, the women dress themselves.ornament their hair with their most extravagant pins. rod so ancient rembers numerable pet and set out. holding at the end of flexible sticks thei painted lan- ters. The streets are filled to overflowing with their little — per- sons. ladies or mousmis, walking slowly in sandals and’ exchanging eharming courtesies. With an mense murmur of fluttering fans, of rustling silks and of langhing chatter, at dusk. by the light of the moon, or beneath the starry night. they ascend to the pagoda, Where gigantic gods with horrible masks await them, half hidden behind bars of gold. in the in- of the credible magniticen ries. They throw pieces of money to the priests. they pray prostrated’ and clapping their hands with sharp blows, cS el as though their fingers were of wood. Unt most of the time they are chatteri turning around, thinking of something else. attempting to escape by lanzhter from the fear of the supernatural.— Pierre Loti. in Har- per'’s Mag netua- ne. THE ZULU ARMY. Facts Concerning the Zulu War and the Chief Cetewayo. Zululand is situated on the eastern coast of Africa, northof Natal. Itsarea is about 10.000 square miles. and its pop- ulation before the war with England in 1879 was about 250,000. This war, which brought the Zulus and their King, Cete- wayo, into prominent notice. was forced upon them by the represenatives of the British Government in Natal, who had long been anxious to annex the coun- try. In order to have some pretense for a forcible occupation of the land, Sir Bartle Frere demanded of -Cet- ewayo that large fines in cattle should be paid for offenses of the Zulus on the border, that he should disband his army. and not attempt to form it again: and that he should allow a British offi- cer to live in Zululand and assist him in | administering the government. This j naturally brought about the desired war. Atfirst the Zulu ariny, which num- | bered about 42.000 men, in every battle, and | sired to push his att! Was successful ndventore after the en he left her she ras his sne- cessor. na,” she said. ‘I have seen fourte «n changes in the ministers since I attended the kirk, and every one tas been waur than anither.” would are eonstant nt all the ceremonies and festivals in the temple Dur- ing the season they : in smiling troops. two or three times a | month, from all eorners of the country . the | nobody | im- } had Cetewayo de- | shades | i t | night ngs Pale gods and t ta Pehosts j haunt lack darkness; at crosswiays jin th 1 ancient | with singular powers: there ulous stones in’ the depths of forests. And to have an approximate idea of the | faith of these women with small. ob- i 1 | | | | | | | | | é “ While You Wait,” BUT CURES ¢ NOTHING ELSE. R ano) ecco and TNeEYO SEvoUs bas nach Weakness of seomsensa Older Effect | csotess Wee Gey : Missouri Pacific 7 2 Daily Trains 2 200Fr7. MORE THAI | THER STYLE: wm 100 explain here. 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