The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, July 13, 1936, Page 4

| ‘ atio Know Nothings and Populists Made Important Bids But Won No Elections Washington—(?)—Numerous_politi- cal movements sprang up during the 19th century to plague the old-line parties, but only two assumed propor- tions of a major threat. They were the “Know-Nothings” and the “Populists.” The American party, organized in 1852 under the official title of “The Supreme Order of the Star Spangled| Banner,” originally was @ secret as- sociation, The popular name of “Know-Nothings” arose from the fact | its members disclaimed any knowl-j) edge concerning the organization. Its primary object was to secure the government to those whom the party considered genuine Americans. The ery that “Americans should rule America” won thousands to its fold. Major plank in the Know-Nothing platform was extension of the period for naturalization, of aliens to 21 years. The Know-Nothings soon became powerful, carrying various state elec- tions and electing several representa- tives to congress. For the presidential campaign of 1856, the party nominated Millard Fillmore and A. J. Donelson. Comeback Falls Short Fillmore was an ex-president at the/ time. He had been elected vice presi- dent in 1848 as a Whig and succeeded to the presidency in 1850 with the} Geath of President Zachary Taylor.| serving until 1853. His attempted comeback in 1856 as Know-Nothing standard bearer failed. Although the ticket received @ popular vote of 874,534, it gathered in only eight electoral votes—those | of Maryland. The prediction of Horace Greeley, made during the 1856 campaign. that) the Know-Nothing movement would “run its career rapidly and vanish fas suddenly as it appeared,” proved; true. The “Populists,” or Peoples’ party, appeared on the national scene in 1981 to champion the cause of the farmer and the working man. The platform of the party demanded free coinage of silver, issue of paper money to be loaned directly to farmers on the security of agricultural crops, abolition of national banks, govern- ment ownership of railroads, tele- graphs and telephones, a graduated income tax, and prohibition of alien land ownership. These principles were embodied in the party platform at the national convention in 1892 and James B. Weaver of Iowa was nominated for president. In the election Weaver recelved more than a million votes and 22 votes in the electoral college. Several of the party's congressional vandidates were elected. Rogsevelt Carries On By 1896, the Democratic party had adopted so many principles advocated by the Populists that they endorsed the Democratic nominee for the presi- tency, William Jennings Bryan, but We feature the famous LAND O’ NOD MATTRESS | Stop in and see them. §f) They’re so restful. Bismarck Furniture Co. | | 514Main Phone 669 n Never Has Aided Third Party {nominate their own candidate for bined further efforts for the good of the vice presidency—-Thomas E. Wat- son. In the end the Populists logt the greater part of their following through absorption into the liberal wing of the Democratic party. The Populist vote in 1900 was only 50,090. It was increased to 113,258 in 1904 because of the restoration to power of the conservative wing of the Democratic party. After the overwhelming election of Theodore Roosevelt in 1904, the Popu- lists never figured as a potential fac- tor in American politics. EUROPE 1S DIVIDED ON AUSTRIAN PACT, Italy Feels She Can Face! France and Britain Feeling Hitler Friendly (By the Associated Press) A sharp division of opinion among European powers was the judgment levied Monday upon the Austro-Ger- man agreement announced Saturday in an effort to stabilize relations be- tween the two nations. Within Austria the pact was ap- proved by all but Hapsburg restora- tionists, Jews and the Heimwehr, all of whom believed their interests would be impaired. From Germany, Chancellor Adolf Hitler declared the new understand- ing would “open the way for com- the two German states.” Il Duce was credited in Italy with having a hand in negotiations, and his own newspaper asserted the chief now may feel free to face Great Britain and France in the open with Germany regarded as a friend, not a rival. France and Great Britain, however, wondered whether the efforts at European security through the Lo- carno treaty might not break down eventually. French official quarters hinted the outcome may be agreements between Britain and France and Britain and} Belgium, an international alliance to face the eastern European coalition. WPA ROAD, SCHOOL JOBS ARE PLANNED 275 Heads of Families Already | Certified for Relief in Burleigh County Employment on county-wide road and school repair projects will get ah way in Burleigh county Tues- lay. Already 275 heads of families have been certified to WPA as eligible for relief and scores of others are being interviewed daily, according to Mrs. Wilma Wenzel, relief director for the county welfare board. Some of these are rural cases which are being transferred from the Reset- tlement administration to the WPA but not all cases are being so trans- ferred. Because it will be cheaper for the government to put small families on grants, averaging about $20 a month, than to pay $44 a month in ‘WPA wages, some families are being these cases the government has loan- ed farmers money to rehabilitate themselves. Instead of being given | grants, more moncy is being advanced in the form of loans. When and how | they will be expected to pay it back—/ if ever—no one seems to know. The/ idea of the “standard” plan in the beginning was to so reduce the farm- | ers debts that, by giving him a little | assistance, he could make a go of it. | No work will be started on dams in | the immediate future, despite the em- phasis placed on such projects by the WPA. Gordon Moore, engineer in charge of the work relief activities in Burleigh county, said, however, that he hopes to have a dam site ready for action in the near future. People’s Forum (Editor's Note)—The Tribune wel- comes letters on subjects of inter- est. Letters dealing with contro- |} versial religious subjects, which attack individuals unfairly, | or |} which offend good taste and fair play will be returned to the writ- ers, All letters MUST be signed. If you wish to use a pseudonym, sign the pseudonym first and your own name beneath it. We reserve the right to delete such parts of letters as may be necessary to conform to this policy and to re- quire publication of a writer's name where justice and fair play make it advisable. All letters must be HMmited to not more than 600 words. ee AGAINST SPEEDY DRIVING Killdeer, N. D., July 9, 1936, Editor, Tribune: No mortal can regulate the weather. We will have to take that as it is handed out to us by ruthless nature. It is different with “sudden death” at the hands of nitwits who consider it an act of heroism to “step on it.” The exhilaration experienced in contend- ing with forces that may lose in the lcontention—where we have at least @ small chance to win—is not difficult to understand, but where the machin- ery does the work and the contender does the very simple thing of step- ping on a pedal, one fails to under- ;Stand where the glory enters. If there is any credit due that credit must go to the engineers who manufactured the death-dealing monster. They did their job well. The speed is there, but that speed is reflecting no credit on its operator. All he has to do is to hang onto a wheel and “step on it.” What is the tremendous hurry? If we look back a matter of 20 years, if we were in Placed on a grant basis. In addition to these the Resettle-'per hour behind a span of good ment administration is retaining 53) horses were all that anybody could families in what is known as the| “standard farm case” classification. In| far saner pace than now. The doctor, shel the greatest kind of a hurry 10 miles expect. The world moved then at a 1 gray gelding, wt. 1 bay gelding, 1400 3 sets of harness 1. Dane Buck Rake Rake . Plow 1 bay mare, weight 1500 Ibs. 1 black mare, weight 1600 Ibs. 1 bay mare, weight 1400 lbs. 1 bay mare, weight 1200 Ibs. 1 black mare, wt. 1200 Ibs. 1 12-foot McCormick Header 1 8-foot McCormick Binder 1 Dane‘Hay Stacker 1 10-foot McCormick Hay 1 5-foot Deering Mower 1 16-inch John Deere Sulky 1 14-inch John Deere Gang Plo Ww 90 . 1 14-inch John Deere Three > Bottom Tractor Plow - 1 ten-room size Parlor Heater About Two Thousand Feet AUCTION SALE Monday, July 20 1936 at the F. G. Hofknecht Farm, 12 miles southwest of Mandan 7 HEAD HORSES 1 14-inch Prairie 1 1-horse 1600 Ibs. Lister Ibs. 1 Wagon 1 Feed SI 1 26-foot 1 3-sectio 10 Cords numerous to. mention. 1 2-row Oliver Cultivator 1 2-row McCormick-Deering 1 2-row John Deere Lister Cultivator 1 Dump Wagon 1 Narrow Track Bob Sled 1 34% Studebaker Wagon and 100-bushel grain tank 1 Horse-Breaking Cart 1 Seventy-five bu. Truck Box 600 Fence Posts 7-foot Packer 1 2-unit De Laval Milking Machin Mixed Lumber, Houséhold Goods, and other articles too F. G. Hofknecht, Owner Schnell, John Deere Hand Breaker Hand Cultivator with Header Box POLICE FIND BOYS LOCKED UP, |so, too, there is too much talk about Mrs. Marion Shanks (right) was held with William Davis (left) after a hearing in Philadelphia on charges of cruelty to children. Police said they found John, four, in a closed top-floor room of a bandbox house tied to a crib with | a dog collar around his neck. Charles, two, was in the crib but Med too small to crawl out, they said. the one we expected to “drive like hell,” usually got to the expectant mother in time. He was expected to drive fast. It was often a matter of life and death that he get there in time, but I'll wager that less lives were lost through lack of speed than are lost through the ever-increasing insanity that possesses some drivers. But, like Mark Twain’s quip about the weather: “Everybody talks sbout it but nobody does anything about it,” this modern juggernaut and nothing done—or very little. It would seem with the modern automobile, being one of the most deadly weapons that we know of today, more drastic laws should be enacted and enforced. If it is true that the speeding automo- bile is a “leaden bullet,” why should it not be considered as such by the authorities? Any one parading the roads and highways,-yes, and the streets of a town, with a moose-hunt- ing rifle, popping it whenever and wherever he pleased, endangering hu- man life and limb, would be taken into custody upon sight. Alienists would be called to examine him, if SPREDS 3,580 MILES INQ4HOUR AUTORUN Steel-Nerved Britons Set Up New World Record on Utah Salt Flats Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah, July 13.—()—Capt. George Eyston, Eng- lish racing driver, smashed his 24- hour world land speed record Mon- day with an unofficial average of 149.16 miles an hour. The tall-steel-nerved Briton, alter- nating at the wheel of “Speed of the Winds,” with a fellow countryman, Bert Denly, sent the 12-cylinder car roaring over 3,580 miles of glistening white salt in the day and night grind. The record far surpassed the 140.52 miles an hour which Eyston establish- ed over the same track last September. The 24-hour run completed the first half of a projected 48-hour grind. The doughty Briton was timed at 149,054 an hour for the first 3,000 miles of dis dizzy drive, breaking the mark of 140.75 he set last fall. THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE, MONDAY, JULY 13, 1986 Experts Wonder Whether Dry Spell Hurts or Helps Democratic Party By BYRON PRICE (Chief of Bureau, The Associated Press, Washington) The dry spell in the west will have its political side, unquestionably. To date there is much dispute who will benefit, but the connection between the weather and the election returns is so well established as to be beyond controversy, It used to be that good weather and good crops always were counted assets for the party in power, and vice versa. They meant farm pros- perity and that meant better business, In flush years the voters were in- clined to let well enough alone, and @ party out of power was out of luck. But that was before the days of recurring farm surplusses. When farm production passed the saturation point of consumption, and stayed there year after: year, the bottom dropped out of prices, and bumper crops no longer were welcome politi- cally. The farmer not only was dis- gusted, but he was broke as well, and the curtailment of his purchasing power made everybody unhappy. The psychology of the situation turned a rather sharp corner early in the depression. The attempt to do something about the surplusses and to cultivate prices instead of pro- duction, began in earnest with the Hoover farm board. It continued by different means under the Roosevelt soil erosion program offered an effec- tive way out of the farm problem. ‘The other way of looking at it is to infer the dry weather will greatly help the Republicans. On this side the argument already is being made that the Roosevelt crop curtailment poli- cies have greatly aggravated the ef- fects of the drouth and that the com- ure it out according to the text-book: or political expediency, the balance of power still rests with the sunshin¢. and the rain, the floods and the dust storms, the eternal variety of nature It would appear that if these haz- ards ever are to be overcome, and ii man ever is to become master of the forces of nature, the way will be pointed by science rather than by politics. That is so elemental even the politicians agree to it. ‘Yet what is being done about taking the farm problem out of politics? With every national campaign it be- bined result may be to reduce avail-j comes more and more a part of poli- able forage and other production to @ hazardous point. Besides, it is argued on the antl- administration side that stili greater relief spending now will be forced, and that such spending has ceased to be popular. Farm Problem Again Anyone who is interested can take his choice of these opposing argu- ments, but about one thing everyone can agee: The drouth has brought home once again the vital place of agriculture in the national economic structure and has demonstrated the political boss of agriculture is the weather man. Whatever successive administra- tions may do, however, they may fig: tics, more and more a political issue; and the inexorable natural law which insures tomorrow's sunrise is no more of a certainty than is the prospect that the dry spell of 1936 will be in the center of the politics of 1936 be- fore the campaign is much older. Alexander Graham Sell did not make the first telephone. The model was made by Thomas A. Watson, Bell's assistant. A total of $185,500,000 was spent in Heng York City for home relief in 1935. In the business district of Vinita, small Oklahoma town, five ‘Untted States highways meet. AAA. And nature seems to be taking |. @ hand, too. Opposing Opinions Will political psychology change again? Many politicians wish they knew. One way of looking at it is to sup- pose that what has happened over a considerable area of the west will be @ double blessing for the Democrats —that it will curtail production and raise prices at the same time it is giving the administration an tunity to allot new benefits to the farmer. In fact, some political thinkers have advanced the theory in recent weeks that a good weather map might be President Roosevelt's worst handicap in the farm country; that if crops were good and prices were down, the |farmers would lose all confidence in | Democratic assurances that the new “The it wasn't a foregone conclusion that he was crazy and a lunatic, dangerous to leave at large. So should speed demons in modern or antique cars be treated; locked up, if they are beyond learning the rights of others to safety. Whenever I hear someone bragging that he “had ‘er up to eighty,” I feel that I am near someone who is not quite “all there.” Or even sixty or fifty unless the eye is keen, the road open and straight, the tires foolproof as well as blow-out-proof. Get down to a place where, if you should find yourself in a tight place, you can stop, and if you go faster than forty, you will have one hell of ja time doing any safe stopping. Con- sider two cars going forty—not eighty —miles each, meeting head on. Would there be anyone left to enjoy life? Hardly. If anything were left, it would be a tangle of twisted limbs— aye, even with faces torn off. AUTO OWNER. SOME REMINISCENCES Baldwin, N. D. July 9, 1936, Editor, Tribune: The picture on the first page of your July 8th issue is very interesting to me. It reminds my of my“boyhood. Yes, my dear old mother, who brought me here when I was 12 years old bought a homestead relinquish- ment in 1893 of the late Lin Larson, once upon a time a Bismarck shoe- merchant. This“homestead, given her by Uncle Sam, was farmed by my brother Her- man until her baby, son could farm it and later on was bought by him. The first buildings on it were, of course, log buildings with the excep- tion of a little frame house. This homestead provided for my mther to her last resting place and the records will show that there never was a merlgnee against this homestead to ate. This homestead has raised, in 1932, by this writer 30 bushels of Mar- quis wheat to the acre and never had @ total failure crop before. Many times before an average wheat crop of 20 bushels per acre. I agree there is a difference in land also a difference in how you farm. The driest year that I can re- member was in 1894 until 1934 and this year has it all beat. In 1804 a fired. 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