The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, June 26, 1933, Page 2

~ INDIAN g Red Man and White Oct. 2, 1863, Memorialized Huot, Minn. June 26.—(?)—Diffi- culties of negotiations preceding the signing of the Old Crossing treaty were recounted by Dr. Theodore C. Blegen, superintendent of the Min- nesota Historical society, at the dedi- catory exercises for the Old Crossing treaty memorial here Sunday. Dr. Blegen told of the diary kept by Minnesote’s first territorial gov- ernor in which negotiations were faithfully recorded. The federal gov- ernment was seeking a right-of-way for transportation of goods and pas- sengers through the upper Red River valley and the opening of a vast area of fertile land to settlement. Under the treaty, signed Oct. 2, 1863, the government secured from the Pembina and Red Lake Chip- pewa that portion of the Red River valley lying within the present boun- daries of Minnesota and North Da- kota, Dr. Blegen said. Governor Ramsay was aided in ne- gotiations by Ashley C. Morrell, agent for the Chippewa, the two having been appointed commission- ers for negotiating the treaty, Dr. Blegen said. Other speakers at the ceremonies included Mark L. Burns, superin- tendent of the Consolidated Chip- pewa Indian agency at Cass Lake, who presented the monument to the state on behalf of the federal gov- ernment; Joseph Rabinowich of Grand Forks, a past commander of the American Legion in North Da- kota, who accepted the monument on behalf of North Dakota, and Edward L. Rogers, Cass county attorney, who is a native Chippewa Indian. Rogers brought with him a group of Chip- pewas in full tribal costumes. Dr. Blegen also accepted the monument for the state of Minnesota. TM co | Weather Report | oo OO FORECAST For Bismarck and vicinity: Gener- ally fair tonight and Tuesday, except thunder storms this afternoon or tonight; cooler. For North Da- kota: Generally fair tonight and Tuesday, except thunder storms south portion this afternoon or to- night; cooler to- night and east and south portions Y. For South Da- kota: Local thun- © der storms this af- ternoon or tonight with generally fair Tuesday; cooler. For Montana: Generally fair to- t¥ght and Tuesday, except unsettled tonight extreme east portion; slightly cooler tonight, warmer west portion ‘Tuesday. For Minnesota: Probab& local showers and thunder storms tonight and Tuesday, except generally fair ‘Tuesday in west; cooler Tuesday and in northwest tonight. GENERAL CONDITIONS ‘Low pressure overlies the central Canadian Provinces forming a trough southward over the Plain States. Temperatures this morning are far in excess of the seasonal normals from the Dakotas southeastward over the lississi| Valley and Lake region. recipitation in the form of light to moderate thunder showers have fallen over southwestern Canada, the Pa- tific coast, northern Montana, north and eastern North Dakota, eastern South paket end aintwem a: 7 Missouri river stage at 7 a. m. 7. tt. 24 houwchange, -0.2 ft. Bismarck station barometer, inches: 7.94. Reduced to sea level, 29.65. PRECIPITATION REPORT For Bismarck station: Total this month to date . Normal, this month to date Total, January 1st to date . Normal, January 1st to date Accumulated deficiency to da’ NORTH DAKOTA POINTS. High- Low- BISMARCK, cldy. Amenia, cldy. . Beach, pcldy. . Bottineau, cldy. Crosby, cldy. .. Devils Lake, rain Dickinson, pcldy. Drake, cldy. Dunn Center, Fessonden, Grand Forks, cl Hankinson, cldy. 00 | Mountains. Flere, clear lerre, clear apid City, peldy. MINNESOTA POINTS s High- Moorhead, cldy. St. Paul, cldy. .. For 48 hours, OUT OF STATE POINTS High. Amarillo, Tex,, Boise, Idaho, él tad Calgary, Alta., cld; 02 2 00 BISSSSSESSRSSLSE. 2) 90 lcommitted, Instead, an inspector was 60 (00 |Sent out by the department to investi- 74 .00|gate and report. And, acting upon his Fe -20|recommendations, the government, ed a under date of Dec. 5, 1876, issued an| 88 68 16 ultimatum directed to ‘Sitting Bull's mnemucca, N., clear.. 86 52 09|band and other wild and lawhss Man., cldy... 84 62 .09|bands of Sioux Indians, forthwith to f within the bounds at thelr reser-| DEDICATED SUNDAY Old Crossing Treaty Between ;|understand that his attack would ‘00] rest. of the command, arriving just 0) story of the Little Big Horn affair. 90) physical endurance, i veloped. ee * ee *** * ee * The heroic lustre which tradition has built about General George A. Custer for his part in the battle of) the Little Big Horn was impugned} Sunday evening in a radio address by | P. E. Byrne of 120 Avenue A west, Bis- marck, Indian history authority and author of “Soldiers of the Plains.” The occasion for Bryne’s address) was the 57th anniversary of the battle of the Little Big Horn in Montana and the so-called “Custer Massacre” by Indians under the leadership of Chiefs Gall and Crazy Horse, which occurred on June 25, 1876. “The real Custer at the Little Big Horn must have been a melancholy figure compared with the Custer of legend, the Custer whom the world has been given to know so wells, throughout these years—the dashing leader before whom all opposition faded; the military spearhead intent upon carrying death and destruction to the hapless Indian ‘hordes,” Byrne said. “Alas! the dashing leadership was all on the other side in that af- fair, and the plans for slaughter wend; awry. The Indian forces prevailed: the whites went down to death. Cus-| ter and his battalion went in to kill; they remained to die.” ‘Three Separate Columns ‘Three separate columns had been projected against the Indians en-} camped somewhere in the Big Horn) country, Byrne said in describing in- cidents leading up to the battle. Gen- eral Crook had advanced from Fort Fetterman, Wy, on the south, Gen- eral Terry's column, which included; Custer’s Seventh Calvary, had ad- vanced from Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota, on the east while Col. John Gibbon, acting under Terry, was in command of the Montana column which had advanced from Fort Ellis, Mont. Arriving at the mouth of the Rose- bud in Montana on June 21, 1876, Terry, Custer and Gibbon went into conference and agreed as to the plan of operations, At noon of the 22nd Custer, with the Seventh Cavalry, went up the Rosebud to follow an In- dian trail previously discovered by Major Reno’s scouting detachment which had been sent out some days before from a point near the mouth of Powder river. Terry, with the Gibbon command, continued up the Yellowstone to the mouth of the Big Horn, and from that point proceeded up the Big Horn valley, aiming for the Indian camp now believed to be in the valley of the Little Big Horn. It appears that Custer was to await the arrival of Terry and Gibbon before launching his attack on the Indian village; but he failed to do so, and proceeded to the attack although the forces of Gib- bon still were some 40 miles away. Custer Divided Regiment Custer divided his regiment. He ordered one troop, Captain McDoug- all's, to accompany the pack train as escort. He ordered his senior captain, Benteen, with three troops on a wide detour to the south and west in quest of Indians: “a rather senseless order,” Benteen subsequently testified. Three troops under Major Reno were ordered to attack at a point sup- posed to be the upper (south) end of the village, and Reno was given to have the support of the remainder of the regiment—five troops under Cus- ter’s immediate command. Instead of standing by in support of Reno, how- ever, Custer, with his five-troop bat- talion, turned to the north with the intention, presumably, of attacking the village at the lower (north) end, and preventing the escape of the hos- tiles. As to this sudden and wholly unexpected change of plan, Custer sent no word or hint to Reno. But it was the end of Custer, for lower down the river he met the Indians in force and was wiped out in short or- der. Reno began his attack but, was quickly routed and driven back to the bluffs on the east side of the river. Meanwhile Benteen, having abandon- ed the “senseless” search prescribed by Custer, had turned to follow the in time to save Reno. Later, McDoug- all came up, and the combined forces stood off the Indians until late in the afternoon of June 26. On the 27th Terry, with the Gibbon command, ar- rived. Then it was discovered that Custer and his five-troop battalion had been annihilated—not one es- caping the carnage. On the evening of the 26th the Indians had with- drawn, heading for the Big Horn Astounding Indian Victory “Briefly,” said Byme, “this is the Gall and Crazy Horse had met Cus- ter. The result: One of the most astounding Indian victories in the an- nals of Indian warfare. Three times in three months war had come to the passive Indian, and to the trouble- seeking white man disaster.” Custer, lieutenant-colonel (major general by brevet) in command of the .| Seventh Cavalry, Byrne said, was a man of 37, above the average height, keen, alert, reticent; a man of rare of tremendous energy, of unusual deeds. He had done great things as a cavalry leader in the Civil War, and the glamour of high achievement in that great strug- 30|gle marked him as a man apart. He was a product of West Point. Byrne gave a resume of events im- mediately preceding the Little Big Horn disaster. Violation by the whites j | of a treaty made in 1868, setting apart for the Indians the “absolute and un- 00 | disturbed use and occupation” of the great Sioux reservation, increased to a climax in the summer of 1874 when the gold rush to the Black Hills de- “In the mad rush of the fortune hunter,” Byrne said, “treaty rights were trampled upon, the land overrun, and the ownership of this 0 | treasured spot openly, flagrantly chal- Jenged. B “Altogether it was a strange and | sorry situation for the Indian. Situation Grew Tense i “Affairs drifted along. Indian out-; rages were charged; but it does not! appear than any orderly investigation ' was undertaken to ascertain the truth ' of the charges or to fix responsibility for any outrages found to have been: Heroism of Custer Debunked by Byrne DISCUSSES LITTLE BIG HORN Says Own Carelessness Caused Defeat The In- THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE, MONDAY, JUNE 26, 1938 e * * ne & * e * se * vations and remain there. dians were ordered to comply by Jan. 31, 1876, and failing to do so were to ade was served to the guests by Mrs. Naaden assisted by her daughters. The leaders of the various clubs are to be commended on their fine work during the year. children left Thursday for a few! weeks’ vacation at the lakes in Min-/ nesota and at Arthur, N. D. i Mr, and Mrs. F. H. Pillsbury and children and Mrs. H. D. Hamblen left Sunday morning for a week's visit in! Minneapolis with Mr. Pillsbury’s/ mother, brother and other relatives. Mr. and Mrs, Peter Hofstad, C. E. Moffit and daughter Thelma were be deemed hostile and treated accord-| Bismarck callers last Saturday. ingly by the military forces of the| United States. Though framed as an! ultimatum, the message meant imme- | diate war since the limit of time! within which a compliance was de-| manded precluded the possibility of the Indian having adequate knowl- edge of the government requirements, te say nothing pf acceptance or rejec- tion. It is, indeed, quite probable that many important leaders among the Indians knew nothing of the ultima- tum or its significance until suddenly it was brought in upon them through the terrible medium of fire and sword.” As to numbers at the Little Big Horn, Byrne said, it is claimed that the Indian warriors at the Little Big Mr. and Mrs. Burns Bailey and chil- dren visited at the Henry Olson home north of Sterling Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Moffit and W. H. Edson were Sterling caliers Tues- day. Mrs. J. C. Kendall and Mrs. Alfred Faust were callers at Steele Tuesday. Mr. and Mrs. Fred Moffit visited at the Ira Peckens and L. N. Bullock homes Sunday. The Ladies Aid held a special meet- ing at the C. E. Moffit home Saturday to open the bids for painting the church, George Moffit’s bid was ac- cepted. After the meeting an ice cream social and food sale was held at the Benz store. Mr. and Mrs. Anele Anderson and Horn were greatly in excess of theltwo children Phyllis and Beverly of whites. Regarding the actual number engaged, there is, of course, no accur- te check; but the writers generally give themselves wide attitude in their stimates. Some claim there were as many as 5,000 warriors in the fight; but when asked how the figures are arrived at they are at 4 loss. Indian Claimed 1,000 Dr. Charles A. Eastman, Byrne said, an Indian of the Sioux tribe and a graduate of both Dartmouth college and Boston University Medical School, estimates the number of warriors in camp at 1,000. Regarding ammunition of the In- dians, Byrne quoted George Bird Grinnell, who wrote “The Fighting Cheyennes,” as saying “When the fight began, about half the Indians had guns and the remainder bows, for which, however, they had many ar- rows. The guns were of many sorts —muzzle loaders, Spencer carbines, old-fashioned Henry rifles, and old Sharps military rifles. The Sharps were probably the best guns the In- dians had except those recently cap- tured from the soldiers.” In closing, Byrne quoted General Sheridan's official report of 1878 as saying “The government made trea- ties, gave presents, made promises, none of which was honestly fulfilled. . + .. We took away their country and their means of support, broke up their | mode of living; their habits of life, in- troduced disease and decay among them, and it was for this and against this they made war.” Through the efforts of Sentor Lynn J. Frazier, Byrne’s address has been printed as Senate Documeng 68, en- Cee “When War Came to the In- fan.” DEER VISITS GRAND FORKS Grand Forks, N. D., June 26.—(?)— An errant two-year-old buck deer that wandered into Grand Forks early Monday morning became frightened and jumped through the Plate glass window of the Kaspar mortuary. Badly cut, the deer sprang out again and was captured in the high school yard. It was ordered kill- ed by Deputy Game Warden Louis Rudrud after a veterinary surgeon had examined it and pronounced the animal too badly hurt to recover. ——a , Moffit | as nee By MRS. C. E, MOFFIT —9 The Achievement day or kitchen tour of the Wild Rose “Rainbow”: of Moffit, Brittin and Valley Boosters Homemakers clubs was held Wednes- Gay June 21. The clubs assembled at the Fay Johnson home at 10:30. Miss Mitts of the extension department gave a short talk on the past year's work. From the Fay Johnson home the members went to the Jason Hoo- ver home where a picnic lunch was served to the members and guests. After dinner a short program was given. The Wild Rose club gave a num- ber by the kitchen band. Moffit gave @ song and report of the club’s activ- ities for the past year. Braddock was also represented by Mrs. Fetterly. Brittin gave their report. From there! | ‘60 — the clubs went to the home of Mrs. Soule. Her daughters, Ruth and Elsie, | favored the group with several selec- tions on the piano and number. i They then visited the Ralph Walker kitchen of the Valley Boosters club. From there they drove to the Naaden home near Braddock where Mrs. Naaden showed them the improve- ments made in her kitchen, Lemon- @ few vocal) | BISMARCK TRIBUNE PATTERNS Minneapolis arrived last Saturday to spend a week visiting Mrs. Anderson’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Whittaker and other relatives. They were ac- companied by Norman Ballard who will spend the summer with his grand- parents, Mr. and Mrs, C. E. Moffit. A very large crowd gathered at the home of Mr. and Mrs. John Adams Saturday night fo charivari them. They are at home to their friends at their home 10 miles northwest of Mof- fit. Trygg By MRS. GEORGE NELSON Mr. and Mrs. Ed Lundquist and Mrs. Cyril E. Cunningham motored to Bismarck Friday. Jessie Pettis of Trygg school No. 2. and Margaret Johnson of No. 3, for- mally Grass Lake, closed their 3% months. school Friday and held a pic- nic at the Menoken grove. The Trygg 4-H Sunshine club met Friday night, June 16th, at the John Anderson home. Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Cunningham, Mr, and Mrs, George Nelson, Gerald , and Gwendolyn motored three miles north of Driscoll Sunday and were | guests at the Homer Taylor home. | The Taylors are former residents from here. { Gwendolyn Nelson was a guest the | first part of the week of Lylas Mag- | Mabel Magnus visited Sunday at Eva ‘Trygg visited Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. Ed Kafer and two children from Hazelton were guests of ker brother, Art Magnus here last Sunday. H The Trygg Cedarhill club members held meeting Wednesday, June the| 14th at the C. E. Cunningham home. Visitors were Jessie Pettis, Mrs. Oscar Magnusor, Mrs. C. J. Trygg, Margaret Johnson, Mrs. Victor Moynier, Mrs. Arthur Solberg and Mrs. Victor Eng- dahl. Mrs. Oscar Magnuson and Jes- sie Pettis were taken in as new mem- bers making a total of 11 in this club. Arrangements were made for the tour Tuesday the 20th, starting at 10 a. m. at the home of Mrs. George Nelson to visit kitchens. The next meeting will be held July 12 at the the Nels Nelson home. New officers will be elected. Mrs. Lena Lundquist who has been visiting with her daughter, Mrs. Al- bin Spangberg, son Elmer is now visit- ing at her daughters, Mr. and Mrs. Bert Faust at Killdeer. Callers and luncheon guests Tues- day at the George Nelson home were Mr. Thompson of Bismarck, Porter Nelson, Israel Keater, Margaret John- son, Mrs. Joe Varley, Mrs. W. J. Jiras and Lillie. Mr. and Mrs. Emil Enockson and | Morrison and Edward, Sam Brown, |! SPECIAL WATCHING BUT SELDOM GETS IT This is the last of six articles by Olive Roberts Barton, authority on problems of child-rearing, on “Sum- mer Care of Babies.” The child who needs just as careful watching as the baby is the gne from two to six years of age. We bend over backwards to keep the baby safe and that is right. We organize all sorts of regular physical examinations and free clinics for the school child, see that he gets his regular milk in summer hours, and in many cases free lunches. And that is right, too. 5 But what do we do for the pre- school child? Almost nothing at all. It is called by certain indignant spe- cialists trying to save child life “the neglected age” and so it is. The child gets almost his entire heritage of health under six. Then why is it that so many people become careless of him and take it for granted that after his babyhood he can sit at. the table and eat the same foods his parents eat—pastry, rich sauces, too much starch, strong gravies and the like? Needs Special Attention Besides all this, he is not old enough to attend to himself as the six or eight-year-old brothers and _ sisters, yet in some mysterious way he is al- lowed to shift for himself. Of course I am speaking in generalities. Many mothers are very careful of these little folk. And even those who are inclin- ed to think the two-to-six child needs our Children By Olive,Roberts Barton ©1951 BY NEA SERVICE INC————— baby and on the school child. To show how important this age is now considered, it has been proved over and over that diseases 8 suddenly to life during adolescence (thirteen to eighteen) are direct re- sults of trouble, unnoticed, beginning Geied these early years. Tubercu- losis, bone trouble, malnourishment and its dire effects—every kind and variety of disease that seem to spring from nowhere at the “developing” age are found to have their béginnings away back in early childhood. What then should be done about the two-to-six child? First of all he should be . “But he eats all the time,” his moth- er may say. That is just it. But what does he eat, how much and when? as Stuffing Is Not Enough Food does not necessarily mean nourishment. Quantity does not mean quality. To stuff him with bread and jam isn’t feeding him. He needs three regular meals a day. When very young he needs four. But the fourth should be milk only. Later he needs only three. He needs cooked foods (yes, in summer) and plenty of milk. He needs cereals twice a day, well-cooked vegetables, celery, spinach, lettuce, beets, peas, beans, cabbage, cauli- flower, tomatoes—the list could go on, For very young children make purees (pulps) of them when cooked, or cut up the vegetables finely and make them into soup. Not all of these things every day, of course, but some of them—a variety! He needs milk, no special attention are hardly to be blamed, ‘because the needs of such children have never been accented. The emphasis has ever been on the some fresh meat, never fried, and no thick gravy—also eggs, fish or chicken, Some plain sweets, fat such as butter, and a certain amount of fruit—cooked or plain—but ask the doctor about the fruit! Whole wheat bread is better than too much fine white bread. His meals should be regular. His bedtime should be seven o'clock every night. He should have a nap or rest Period during the day. He should be bathed regularly. He needs fresh air day and night and his own bed if pos- sible, And if he isn’t well, or is round- shouldered, a bad color, or has no ap- petite, he needs a doctor. ‘There are ten million malnourished children in the United States. Most springing | of these are too late to “catch.” They come from rich and poor families, and they got their start in the pre-school age. Painted Woods By MRS. OLE LILLEFJELD Andrew Nelson was & Wilton caller Lillefjeld visited quist’s Monday evening. Mr. and Mrs. William Brown, Mr. and Mrs. Lester Brown and son, Mar- ae were Wilton callers Saturday eve- ning. Andrew Nelson and Fred Brown were Wilton callers Monday. Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Johnson called on Emory Johnson Sunday. Charles Howe called at his farm Sunday evening. Verene Peterson called on Mrs. Verene Peterson at the Clifford Han- sen home Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. J. R, Brostrom were Wilton callers Saturday afternoon. Dave Brostrom was also a caller in town Saturday. Mr. and Mrs, Stina Nelson and chil- dren visited at the Andrew Nelson home Saturday. Anton Nelson re- turned to Wilton with them in the evening. Gerald Lillefjeld spent a few days last week at the Ole Lillefjeld home. Mr. and Mrs. William Brown, Mr. and Mrs, Lester Brown and small son, Marian, took Muriel Damstrom home Sunday afternoon. Muriel came.home from Bismarek Saturday afternoon where she has been visiting. Mr. and Mrs. Iver Erickson and children and Mr. and Mrs. Carl Erick- son and children and father, Nels Erickson, spent Sunday at the Joc Brown home near Baldwin. Iver Erickson was a Wilton caller Friday. 5 Fred McFadden called at the Wil- liam Brown home one day last week. JAMESTOWN BEATS ABERDEEN Jamestown, N. D., June 26.—(P)— ° The Jamestown baseball team defeat- ed Aberdeen, 8. D., here Sunday by a 6 to 3 score. Jamestown's pitchet Brown, struck out 11 men while al- lowing seven hits. RUPTURE H. L, Hoffmann, Expert, formes charge his “Perfect Retention Shields” in Bismarck Wednesday, June 28, from 1 te 8 p. m.; Thursday, June 29, from 16 to 4, at the Patterson Hotel. Please [come early, Any rupture allowed to protrude iy dangerous, weakening the whole sys- tem. It often causes stomach trou- ble, gas and backpains. My “Perfect Retention Shields’ will hold rupture under any condition, of work and contract the opening in a short time. Do not submit to avoidable opera< tions and wear trusses that will en< large the opening. Many satisfi clients in this community. No mai order. , HOME OFFICE: 305 Lincoin Bidg., Minneapolis, Minn, nus, ! the Emil Moses home. ' Mabel Magnus. | - SSA san | AUTOMOBILE PRODUCTION w 1933 | GRE van FEB. MAR APR MAY JUNE ! | | ied 40 oe 20 | we S0uRCE US. DEPT OF COMMERCE SO GRACEFUL FOR AFTERNOONS PATTERN 2430 | Smart women choose these simple, chic lines for frocks in which they'll be sure to create a sensation at tea, bridge, matinee and other informal affairs, You'll be captivated with the flared sleeves that broaden the shoulders, and the waistline moulded with pointed seaming to emphasize siimness. Dainty printed sheers, in silk or the ever-popular cottons would | make up beautifully. Pattern 2430 may be ordered only in sizes 14, 16, 18, 20, 32, 34, 36, 38. 40, 42 and 44. Size 16 requires 31 yards 39-inch fabric. Illustrate step-by-step sewing instructions in cluded with pattern, Send FIFTEEN CENTS (15c) 1 coins or stamps (coins preferred) fc this Anne Adams pattern. Writ Plainly your name, address and sty) number. SURE TO STATE SIZE WANTED. THE NEW SUMMER EDITION OF ‘THE ANNE ADAMS PATTERN BOOK IS READY. Afternoon, sports, golf, tennis dresses, jumpers, house frocks, special beginners’ patterns, styles for juniors, and cool clothes for youngsters, and instructions for making a chic sweater are among fhe fascinating items. SEND FOR YOUR COPY. PRICE OF CATALOG FIF- TEEN CENTS. CATALOG AND PATTERN TOGETHER TWENTY- FIVE CENTS. Address all mail orders to The Bis- marck ‘Tribute Pattern Department, 243 West 17th Street. New York City. - Value THAN YOUR Grandmother Was??: PA? Better Judge ot Your Grandmother had her hands full when she went shopping. She was as interested in getting the best value for her money as you are. But to be sure of getting the best value she had to go to every store in town that carried the things she wanted . . . then she had to bargain with the merchant to find his real price .., and then she had to use an eagle eye, a sniffing enced fingers and her nose, experi- trained taster to be sure that the merchandise was all.that the merchant claimed it to be. Your Grandmother knew value alright—but Qh My! how she had to work using that knowledge. . For you it’s a different story—YOU can use the advertisements to tell you where to get it fair price to pay for it . the ver- and when it’s tised you can be sure the merchandise is as rep- resented. The Bismarck Tribune The Home Newspaper for Bismarck, Burleigh County and the Missouri Slope |