The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, October 22, 1924, Page 1

WEATHER FORECASTS For Bismarck and vicinity: Fair tonight and Thursday. ESTABLISHED 1873 BISMARCK, NORTH DAKOTA, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 22 , 1924 THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE [mom | PRICE FIVE CENTS LOW DEN PLEADS COOLIDGE CASE HERE NESTOS SPEAKS FOR COOLIDGE AT HILLSBORO Governor Declares Achieve- ments of Administration Deserve Indorsement ALSO FOR HALVORS'! Says There Is Fundamental Difference Between Prin- ciple of Two Sides Hillsboro, N, D., Oct. 22.—Governor R. A. Nestos, in his first campaign speech here last night, urged support of the Coolidge-Dawes national tick- et and the Halvorson coalition siate ticket, at the polls on November 4. “In the first place, I am for Cool- idge and Dawes because their record is such as to give promise of the wisest and best possible administra- tion of our national affair,” the Gov- ernor said. “During all of his pub- lic service, President Coolidge ‘has proven thoroughly imbued with the fundamental principles of American- ism and sound government, a believer in law and order and possessed of common sen: 1d common honesty beyond question. “We regret tl some who were members of the Repub! party acted corruptly or at leas such a way as to make a charge of corruption seem s y many facts, but no one or fair- y charge Coolidge with any blame 4 connection therewith. The Amer- i&in people, no matter of what par- ty} know that President Coolidge will shield none of these and that every person charged with crime will be dealt with according to law. He will not wink ut violations, He can not be bullied or bossed by any poli- tical faction or grafting ring. In- dictments have already been found against some of them and the rest will soon be brought before the bar of justice. Justice must be done and those who know Calvin Coolidge best, know that it will be done. Many Achievements Among the achievements, of the Re- publican administration the Gover- nor pointed out were: Economy and efficiency, taxes, in government. There has been a general revival of business despite adverse agricul- tural and worlg conditions, and un- employment has practically ceased. It would be foolish to “swap horses in midstream.” The Republican administration has done much toward establishing tran- quility in world affairs. The administration has endeavored to aid agriculture by many means. The Washington arms conference pointed a new way to peace in the world. Governor Nestos, declaring the present administration was friendly to the farmer, said that President Coolidge has been criticized for not advocating the McNary-Haugen bill. “It is interesting to note,” he said, ‘that five of the eleven LaFollette ‘Congressmen from Wisconsin—in- cluding the three who are touring North Dakota this fall attacking the farm policies of President Coolidge— voted against the McNary-Haugen bill, and I can recollect no declara- tion by LaFollette himself during the past. winter in favor of that or similar measures.” Nothing To Gain Speaking of the situation should the election be thrown into the house of representatives the Governor said: “I believe that the citizens North Dakota should favor Coolidge for another season. The fight in this stfte is concededly between Coolidge and LaFollette. One these two will have the five electoral votes from North Dakota. Son La- Follette supporters sought by trick- ery and slippery methods to gain a victory. Such methods hurt rather than help the cause for which used. The people want to see fair play. I believe that the objects our people desire to attair can be secured more fully, by giving Coolidge the North Dakota electoral votes thag by per- mitting them to go to LaFollette. For that reason, also, I shall vote for Coolidge and urge the same course upon my friends who wish by their vote to promote the prosperity of the country and the welfare and hap- > ‘piness of our people. “I have no quarrel with LaFollette. I think he possesses many admirable traits and that he has ‘served the people of Wisconsin and of the Unit- ed States well by a great many of his public acts, I was on the executive committee that carried the state for him at the 1912 presidential primar- ies and I was for him during the presidential primaries of /1916 and each time both he and I supported his victorious opponent in the fol- lowing campaign. He was then at the very zenith of his physical and mental power. I believe he then lov- ed his country more than self, and more than the applause of selfish and self-seeking men, He told me in 1912 that he was proud of the fact that while he had fought for his per- sonal convictions in the primaries and conventions, he had always ac- cepted the verdict of the majority ‘and supported the nominees at the fall election. lower ‘© “Surely this year when we have such excellent men and officials as Coolidge and Dawes, and when they (Continued on page 8) Americ TAX JUMP IN NORTH DAKOTA SHOWN LARGE More Taxes Levied in Last Seven Years Than in 27 Previous, Years in State INCREASES ARE SHOWN North Dakota has levied more tax- | es since 1916, than in the 27 pre- vious years in the state’s history, an examination of the tax records of the state discloses. | The total amount of taxes, ex- elusive of city and village special | assessments in the last seven 1917 to 1923, inclusive, -is $188, 613 as compared to a total of $172,- 892,725 in taxes levied in the years 1890 to 1916, inclusive, according to the records of the state tax depart- ment. Other comparisons for the two periods, in taxes levied, follow: State taxes: 1890-1916... - $22,890,294 1917-1923 . 23,479,696 County taxes: 1890-1916 $49,820,282 1917-1923... + 49,597,395 City, village taxe: 1890-1916 15,214,716 1917-1923 5,032,857 Township taxes: 1890-1916 $16,544,314 1917-1923 + 19,338,558 School taxes: 1890-1916 - $68,423,119 1917-1923 + 80,983,107 The table of information prepared by the statistical department of the tax commissioner’s office does not offer an interpretation’ as to the cause for the increase in taxes. It jg pointed out that in part it is caused by the increase in the growth of the state. The per capita tax, however, shows as large an increase in most cases as the total. While each North Dakota citizen was paying $24.81 in tax in the year 1916 he was paying $46.75 in tax in the year 1923, the table shows. Dur- ing this period the per capita tax on state taxes increased from $2.20 to $6.20. The largest increase in per capita taxes was in support of Whereas each person was schools. taxed $9.35 for schools in 1916 the same person was taxed §22.21 in 1923, Weather Report —___——_ For 24 hours ending at noon. Temperature at 7 a. m. Highest yesterday . Lowest’ yesterday ... Lewest last night . Precipitation ..,.. Highest wind velocity . WEATHER FORECAST Fir Bismarck and vicinity: Fair tonight and Thursday. For North Pakota: Fair tonight and Thursday, warmer tonight enst portion. sy WEATHER CONDITIONS The high pressure area, which for several days past has covered the upper Mississippi and Missouri val- leys is moving slowly eastward and is over the Lakes and lower Miss- issippi valley this morning. Some- what lower pressure prevails in the Northwest. 3 ORRIS W. ROBERTS, eet 3 Meteorologist AMERICAN TYPE CAPTURES PARIS audiences, but now the compliment is being returned and besutiful irls are the toast of France. quests is that of Estelle Gamble, beautiful young dance One of the con- most recent Race Horse Is Sold For Nickel, New Low Record New York, Oct. of a thoroughbred that was sold for a nickel at Empire City track during the present racing meet was told today. -The story isal came out of one of so lame. that his owner, » a veteran turfman, juandry as to how to dispose of the animal. “Why don’t you sell him asked ‘tommy Mara, noticing the condition of the horse, ” “I would, if 1 coulg find some- body that would part with five cents,” said Kelly. “You've sold a horse,” answer- ed Mara, and he gave Kelly a shiny buffalo nickel and led the animal away. Reprisal will go into the rec- ords as the cheapest horse that has been sold since Billy Lake- land sold Maximo Gomez to Bill Clancy for a clay pipe. BANKER DENIES WALSH’S STORY OF HUGE FUND New York Man Declares No Slush Fund Raised to Beat Sen. LaFollette U.S. ENVOY 10 GERMANY WILL COME TO.CITY Ambassador Alanson B. Houghton to be Guest in Bismarck on Thursday ALSO OTHER CITIES Will Visit Mandan and Dick- inson During His Trip for Campaign and Health Alanson B. Houghton, United States Ambassador to Germany, home on a brief leave, will be in Bismarck Thursday, October 23, for a confer- ence with Republican leaders of this section. Mr. Houghton will be in Mandan Friday and in Dickinson on Saturday, The United States Ambassador, who has had much to do with the ne- gotiations resulting in the accept- ances of the Dawes plan by Germany, not been in good health, but is aiding the Republican campaign dur- ing his brief stay in this country by traveling in various sections at easy stages and meeting Republican lead- ers. The trip is in part for recrea- tion. In Bismarck he will meet many Re- publicans, it is expected, and will give them first hand information concerning the present situation in Europe, particularly in Germany. Many influential citizens of German descent, interested in conditions in Germany are expected to call on him. It is regretted, according to local Republicans, that the ambassador will not be available for a public ad- dres Ambassador Houghton was referred to by former Governor Lowden in his speech here last night. He told of recent talks with Ambassador Hough- ton in Washington, and of the inti- mate touch of the ambassador with the recent delicate situation in Ber- lin leading up to the adoption of the Dawes plan. Mr. Houghton was in Omaha yes- terday and will come here from St. Paul. : FORMER BANK \CASHIER ' GETS HARD SENTENCE Given 25 Years in Prison By Federal Judge For Embezzlement Minneapolis, Oct, 22.—Fred A. Lud- | wig, former cashier of the First Na- tional Bank of Minnesota Lake, Min- nesota, the central figure in an alleg- ed embezzlement of more than $100,- 000 of the bank’s funds today was! sentenced by Federal Judge J. F. M Gee to 25 years in Leavenworth peni- tentiary. The sentence consisted of two and one-half years imprisonment on eight counts in the indictment and five years on the ninth count, to run consecutively, not concurrently. D. B. McAlpine, attorney of Iron- ton, Minn., made a dramatic appeal for clemency, saying that Ludwig had been punished already more than any court ever could punish him. Washington, Oct. 22.—Subpoenas} “The purpose of punishment,” were issued today by the Senate | Judge McGee suid, “It is to punish committee investigating campaign the offender and to deter others expenditures for William B. -Knox, president of the American Bankers Association; Charles D. Hilles, for- mer Republican national committee- man and George W. Simmons, vice- president of the Mechanics and Met- tals Bank of New York City. They were asked to appear to- morrow. In a telegram to Chairman Borah today Mr. Knox denied the statement made at the Chicago hearing by Frank Walsh, attorney for Senator LaFollette, that trust companies and national banks had been requested at a recent meeting of the American Bankers Association to contribute a percentage of their capital “to fight LaFollette in the west.” from a similar offense, thereby pro- tecting society.” Ludwig disappeared just _ before the shortage was disclosed. He wan- dered through fields, sleeping in ha} stacks for three weeks and was fin- ally found hiding in a barn, At first he feigned insanity or lapse of mem- ory but recently indicated his will- ingness to plead guilty to the charges which he’ did. CLOSE SCHOOL IN COUNTY “No such statement appears in the|Is Precautionary Measure records of our convention of which stenotype transcript was made, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no such statement was made,” Against Smallpox Canfield Consolidated school, sev- the telegram said. “No request has} en miles north of -Regan, is closed been made by the American Bankers | because of smallpox, according to in- Association for funds for political | formation to the office of the county campaign purposes.” EDITOR DIES Fargo, N. D., Oct. 22.—-Franklin Potter, ‘72, editor of the Casselton | the county, Reporter, and one of the died at his home in Casseiton yes- terday of heart disease. 31-BUSHEL YIELD CLAIMED The largest grain yield yet reported for the’ vicinity of Man- dan was threshed on the field of Charles Gossard from south of Mandan,—31 1-4 bushels to the acre, No. 1 dark northern wheat. superintendent, The situation is not regarded as serious, the school clos- ing being a precautionary measure. Two new schools will be opened in according to Miss Madge oldest! Runey, county superintendent, School newspaper editors in North Dakots,| No. a west of Avena, will I will be opened November 1 and a third school in Richmond township will be opened to lessen the distance some of the kiddies have to travel. Attendance in the schools is in- creasing and interest is good, Miss Runey said, after she and Mrs. Ger- trude Evarts, deputy, had returned trom a two day trip during which they inspected 15 schools. The soil of Siberia is frozen to a depth of 63 fe jometimes DEATH LIST IN EXPLOSION IS RAISED T0 12 More Victims of Blast on U. S. Scout Cruiser Tren- ton Are Dead NO CAUSE IS KNOWN Officer in Charge of Enlisted Men at Time Makes State- ment on Matter ANOTHER DIES Norfolk, Va., Oct. 22.—(By the A. P.)—The death of John Uzzo- lino, seaman of Newark, N. J., this afternoon brought the list of deag from the explosion on Monday aboard the eruiser Tren- ton to 13. Four others died last night and this morning. Norfolk, Va., Oct. 22—-Four more names last night and. today, were added to the list of dead from the explosion on board the scout cruis Trenton in Hampton Roads Monda: bringing the tbtal to 12. Of the six surviving members of the turr crew on duty at the time of the dis aster four are still believed to be in a critical condition. All of those now in the hospital here are suffering from burns about the head and face und attending physicians fear they inhaled smoke and flames which may cause pneu- monia or other serious complica- tio’ L eut, John Arthur Sedgwick, who cued two of his ship mates from drowning after his own arm had been broken, was reported greatly improved today. He is expected to recover, Joseph Leo White, turret captain, first class, in charge of the enlist- ed men in the forward turret when the explosion occurred was the only survivor able today to give an ac- count of the ae it. fired a shot,” “We had not he said, “when the powder went off. We had loaded the right gun and were getting ready to load the left hone when it happened. We had deen maneuvering around to come up on the target and when I saw we would be in range for the first shot I gave order to hoist the right gun shell und powder. That side came up all right. Then I gave word to! the man at the ammunition heist on the left gun to bring up powder ton that side. “IT was looking at him when he turned to the switch to start the ammunition h motor and a min- + jute or go after he did there wa: flash and the turret was in flames. Every precaution had been taken and the powder had not reached the ‘gun when it exploded. 1 do not! {know whether it was a short circuit ‘ia the electric wires or not. No- | ‘body knows. It just happened in a, flash.” WILBUR SENDS EXPERTS Washington, Oct. 22.—Three ex-! perts of the bureau of ordnance were ordered to Norfolk late yester- day to assist in the inquiry on board the cruiser Trenton as to the cause of the explosion which killed eight and injured more than a dozen other members of the crew of that ship. The details were made by Secre- tary Wilbur when officials at Nor- folk reported they were unable to find the slightest clue to the cause oz the catastrophe. TRATE HUSBAND ENTERS OFFICE, ASSAILS MAN J. G. Emery, Former Legion Commander, Is Shot and Slightly Wounded Grand Rapids, Mich. Oct, 22.— Colonel John G. Emery, former na- tional commander of the American Legion, was shot and slightly wound- ed this morning as he sat in his of- fice. -Chedell Simpson, 44, husband of Col. Emery's stenographer, is held for the shooting. A divorce action is pending against him. Col. Emery was shot in the left shoulder. The story told police is that Simp- son, who is a salesman, entered the real estate office of the former Le- gion commander and asked if Mrs. Simpson worked there. Told that she did, he drew a revolver aid fired twice at Col. Emery, the first shot going wild and the second striking Emery in the left shoulder. As Simpson fired, the police were told, he shouted: “You broke up my home.” Mrs. Simpson, who is 26 years old. has been in Emery’s employe for two weeks, coming to his office in response to an advertisement. Cl. Emery, at the hospital, ssid he was at a loss why Simpson should have singled him out as the cause of his domestic troubles. Nearly all flax in this country is grown in Minnesota, Montana and the Dakotas. , Administrator “ELECTRIC CHAIR” USE TO PUNISH PUPILS IN HIGH SCHOOL EXPLAINED, MISTAKE, BUT Instructor Talks Freely i) Three Students in Barnesvi JUSTIFIED, DEFENSE of Electricity to Punish He, Minnesota, High School —Is Scheduled to Appear in Court Saturday on Charges of Barnesville, Minn., Oct. ville High School, who sault is to appear in the un at the head of his classes today. change will be madeNthe schcol b are aired out in court Saturday, According to N. 8. Hanson, mem of the board merely “ny Howeve find Opsah] will be “punished as fac “TITLED BOB” P through an The “peerage bob” isn't so very different from most wave bobs known to America. It is worn by Lady Fur- nival, one of the first of the British court set to sty farewell to her tresses, n SUB STATE FOR DEFAULT UPON 20-YEAR LOAN of Andrew Carnegie’s Estate Insti- tutes Law Suit | boy's legs that is merely ‘bunk.’” Suit for $35,000 and interest has been instituted in the Burleigh coun- ty district court by the Home Trust Company of Hoboken, N. J. executor of the last will and testament of An- drew Carnegie, steel magnate and philanthropist, against the state of North Dakota for alleged failure to repay funds advanced for the North Dakota Industrial School ang Schoot| for Manual Training at Ellendale. An arrangement was entered into with the board of trustees of the El- lendale institution in 1902 for a} $35,000 loan in exchange for revenue warrants payable on or before 20 years from date, the plaintiff sets out, The revenue warrants, the com- plaint says, were executed by Thom- as Sefton, chairman, and B. R. Crab- tree, secretary, of the board of trus- tees, other members of the board being C. J. Sturgeon, W. H. Boomer, J. B, Taylor, Andrew Weber, F. B. Gannon. The money, the plaintiff sets out, was to be used to build and equip a building to be known as Carnegie Hall, The method of financing, by issuing revenue warrants, the plain- tiff says, was a usual practice in the state, adding that the contract was ratifieq by the legislature. There is due, it is’ alleged, the principal of $35,000, together with in- terest at the rate of four percent from March 15, 1924. TO IMPROVE CAMP GROUNDS Army Officers to Hold Parley at Devils Lake Plans for improving the North Dakota National Guard encampment grounds at Camp Grafton will be discussed in a copference at Devils Lake October 24 and 25. Adjutant- General G. A. Fraser will be joined by Lieut. Col. Edward Davis of the Militia Bureau, Major Rolland W. Case, general staff corps, headquar-, ters, Seventh Corps Area; Capt. Wilson M. Spann and Capt. Harry F, Thompson, National Guard in- structors within the state. . The officers will inspect the grounds with a view of making im- provements, which probably will in-| Sheyenne. clude ‘building of permanent kit- chens, installation of shower baths ply. Mm, T @ second degree in connection ‘electric chair” to punish unruly students in his ¢ said, a thorough inv: j their f Assault : '. Opsahl, instructor in the Barnes- : in justice court next Saturi with his use of continued No removal of ti tructor or oard announced, antil the charges ber of the hool board, the feeling at Opsahl © buys. be conducted attempt to ts wa Opsaht out on bonds of $2,000. His arrest came Saturday on complaint of Fred Tenneson, — rail- roud worker, who charged that Op- sahl placed his son Karl in” the “electric chair” and applied such a high voltage that the boy “has holes in the calf of each leg which looks like wounds inflicted by a sharp instrument,” Punished Students According the charge, Opsahl contrived th lectrie chair” along with other “experiments” and later found it “useful as means of pun- ishment.” In a statement to the Associated Press this morning Mr, Opsahl said: he ir that I had contrived for punishing the children—three in all-—was merely an ordinary office chair to which I attached a high frequency current or a testla coil. When I placed the students in this chair I saw to it that their arms were placed tightly against the arms of the chair. I did this as the test- la coil was fastened to the metal rods running through the chair and if the arms were placed _ solidly against the arm of the chair the pupil would merely feel a tingling sensation. If the arm would loosen itself from the arm of the chair small sparks would fly but the stu- dent would not be injured, Not Strong Current “The current at its strongest, was not any more violent than the elec- trical treatments used by medical men for rheumatism. I could have, and should have, used a ruler to the children but I had heard that was insufficient although it would hurt them more. My idea in using the chair was to give them mental punishment. In short, I wanted to scare them. Mental punishment, you know, is more efficient than are mere physical punishment. They, the parents of students of Barnes- ville High School, are trying to make a ‘case’ out of this but they Pill not succeed. They have been taking the side of the pupils all year | and we have had a hard time getting discipline. I realize that I made a' mistake but I think it will bring to attention the absolute neces- sity of discipline. As to the report- ed ‘severe cuts’ on the Tenneson j STEELE SAVED FROM FIRE BY. HARD EFFORT Citizens Rally and Prevent Courthouse, Buildings From Burning Steele, Oct. 22.—Fire that broke out in the Torring restaurant and Sweet Shop, threatened this city last evening. Only after heroic efforts of the citizens was the court house and Grand Pacific hotel saved from flames which a south wind whipped toward the center of town. The ho- tel was crowded with guests here to attend the Stampede and Fair that opens tomorrow. There were u num- ber of teachers attending an insti- tute so the hotel adjoining the res- taurant was crowded to the limit. The fire was confined to the Tor- ring building, however, and Stecle citizens feel that they were fortun- ate in checking the flames that at times threatened “A wide area of the business section. LOWDEN MEETS SISTER HERE Former Governor Frank 0. Low- den, who spoke in Bismarck last night, met a sister here, Mrs. Eva Sheldon of Baldwin. Mrs. Sheldon came down to visit with her bro- ther on his private car. Mrs. Ralph !ocratic DECLARES'.0.P, HAS GIVEN AID 70 U.S, FARMER Settlement of European Prob- lems and Tariff Principle Are Held Vital HAS BIG AUDIENCE 1,000 in Auditorium Here Listen to Former Gover- nor of Illinois Two great contributions which he said the Republican administration had made to the welfare of the Am- erican farmer were emphasized by former Governor Frank O. Lowden of Illinois, in an address before 1,000 men and women in the city Auditorium last night. The speaker was introduced by Mrs. L. N. Cary of Mandan, head of the Republican women’s committee in the state. The Republican administration, he declared, was the motive power be- hind the settlement of European difficulties through the London agreement and the Dawes plan,- a settlement which already has cre- ated a foreign market for American farm products and has had a distinct bearing in the price increase. The Republican tariff policy has helped the farmer, particularly the dairy farmer, and it is the only prin- ciple which offers the farmer pro- tection from world competition in agriculture, which has been growing at a rapid pace in the last 20 years. Mr. Lowden, who discussed the farm problem as it relates to the present campaign in an even tenor, without bitterness, without bom- bastie oratory, departed from poli- {tical lines to discuss the principles of farm organization he is advocat- ing in the nation to achieve a per- manent basis of farm prosperity. The farm problem remains unsolved, he said, and declared that organiza- tion of the farmer along commodity lines is a necessity to the future stabilization of the industry. The Republican administration, he said, had cleared the way for such coop> Jeration, by placing enabling laws om the statute books. The Remedies Mr. Lowden said in parts “What are the remedies proposed our agricultural ills by our Dem- friends? The Democratic candidate for President, in his To- peka speech, urged first that Europe be stabilized in order that the mar- kets of the world for the products of the American farm may be im- proved. I think that wiil help. But let us inquire into what has deen done toward that end and by wuom. The Democr:tic party was in power for two years and more after the Armistice was signed. What did they do towards the tranquilization of Europe? When we came into power we were still at war techni- cally with the Central Empire. Pres- ident Wilson had conciuued a peace treaty into which was woven the covenant of the League oi Nations. That treaty was submitted to the Senate of the United States. The great majority of the Republican members of the Senate—so eager were they to restore international order—were willing to ratify the treaty with only such reservations us would preserve the integrity and and the independence of the United States. It was within the power of the President to have the treaty ratified with such reservations. He repudiated the reservations and thus we remained technically at war. for | This was the situation when we came into power. In Europe the curren- cy was demoralized and chaos and confusion ‘ruled ‘everywhere. And now, for the first time since the war, order is coming out of all this chaos. To whom is this order due? To the Dawes Commission. That Commis- sion, suggested by Secretary Hughes, almost two years ago, was finally, if reluctantly, acted upon by the statesmen of the old world. And now for the first time since the. war Europe looks forward to.the future with hope, and if Europe shall enter upon a period of prosperity and if she shall furnish better markets for our farm products, it is due entirely to the success of the Commission of which Charles G. Dawes, a great American and now our candidate for Vice-President, was chairman, and that Commission was initiated by a Republican administration, What Hughes Did “Not only did this Commission come as a result of Secretary Hughes’ pronouncement in its favor, but its final adoption in Europe was Madland of Bismarck is a neice of Mr. Lowden. INDIAN LAND IS SOLD HERE About 115 acres of land remaining in the old Devils Lake Indian Res- ervation were sold at public auction at the United States land office here, it was announced today. But about 10 acres were unsold. The price averaged about $2.25 per acre. The land is around Devils Lake and y Flax straw is being used gor mak- ering. secured through the efforts of the administration. Our ambassador to Germany, Mr. Houghton, told me personally that without the friendly offices of Secretary Hughes in Ber- lin at the crucial moment, the set- tlement would probably have failed. He might have said, but for his modesty, that without his own pa- tient and wise efforts, without the profound confidence Germany had come to have in this great Ambassa- dor, the accord of the German gov- ernment could not have been se- cured. This, however, is the fact, as I believe, which history will one day record. Ambassador Houghton also told me that without the con- and installation of,a new water sup-| ing high-grade paper and floor cov-|stant, sympathetic and able support ¢ on page 6)