Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, December 19, 1919, Page 4

i BAGE FOUR HIGH COST OF POULTRY MAY BE GREATLY REDUCED BY JUDICIOUS USE OF GARBAGE Chickens Relish Garbage, Which Is a Good Egg and Meat Producer. (Prepared by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture.) Fresh garbage, fed as soon as pos- gible after it is discarded from the ta- bles of consumers, provides an effi- clent feed for poultry. Used judi- clously, it will reduce the cost of egg and meat production from 25 to 80 per cent. QOleanliness and sanitation in the preparation, handling and feeding of garbage are essentlal, as sour or taint- ed garbage is particularly obnoxious to chickens, because any fermentation induces digestive disorders and pro- fuse diarrhea. Apparently the intrin- sic value of garbage as a poultry feed comes from the fact that it provides a diversified ration which satisfles all the needs and requirements of the flock. It 18 a big scale replica of the emall feeding operations of the back- yard poultry raiser who maintains his birds chiefly on table scraps and left- overs from the family board. Al- though the character of garbage varies during the year, due to the fact that more succulent vegetables and fruits are used during the summer, the refuse 18 always a valuable substitute for cost- ly grains and concentrates in the hen dietary. Subject Garbage to Careful Selection. Some poultrymen have experienced unsatisfactory results in the use of garbage because they did not prac- tice careful selection. It camnnot be expected that the hens will thrive on feed which is contaminated with brok- en glass, scraps of tin, phonograph needles, and the like, and it is only the owner who will pick over the garb- age and eliminate the objectionable forelgn matter that will realize profit- able and dependable results from its use. The best plan is to try to get the housewife to keep such undesira- ble material from going into the garb- age. Specialists of the United States department of agriculture recommend running the garbage through a meat or vegetable chopper and mixing it with a little of the moist mash before it Is placed before the fowls. The amount which is fed will entirely de- pend on the size of the flock, it being usually advisable to provide as much refuse as the birds will clean up with a relish in the course of an hour. Any feed which the fowls reject should be removed from the troughs, feeding pens or yards as soon as possible thereafter. Otherwise it sours and contaminates the premises and, subse- quently, if the fowls peck at it during a period when they are hungry, it in- variably causes digestive trouble. Where garbage is fed, it is always essential to supply a light ration of grain twice daily, as well as to have a dry mash available in hoppers before the flock all the time. Generally, ta- ble scraps are rich in protein, al- though where the garbage is deflclent‘ in this ingredient, it is practical to supplement the mash with about 5 per cent of meat meal. Cold Weather Facilitates Garbage Feeding. Generally speaking, there.is less dan- goer from feeding garbage in the win- ter than during the summer, as the cold weather prevents rapid decom- position and fermentntion of the ref- use, Often the suburban flock owper may secure the garbage of neighboring 'famllles who do not keep chickens. This source of feed may be so plenti- ful that he can expand his poultry op- erations and afford to pay a small amount for the table refuse. Where many uncooked potatoes are present in the garbage, it is usually a good plan to separate them and to cook them before feedirg to the fowls. Oth- erwise these are not well utilized and often induce digestive trouble. Experiments in feeding garbage at the government experimental farm at Beltsville, Md., indicate that 80 hens will use about three quarts of garbage daily to advantsge. In addition, keep a dry mash consisting of three parts by weight of cornmeal, one part of bran, one part of middlings, 5 per cent of meat scraps before the hens all of the time. The experiments proved conclusively that where fresh garb- age is properly fed a bountiful egg yleld results, while economical and rapld meat production is also engen- dered by the judicious use of garbage in the ration. Ordinarily it is advis- ableé where garbage is plentiful to mix enough supplementary mash with the garbage to give the mixture a good consistency. In case the table scraps contain much fruit and vegetable peel- ings, it is essential to add more mash, while if the garbage is made up chief- ly of potato peelings, bread, meat and the like, less mash is necessary. Spe- cial précautions should be exercised to free the garbage from soapy water or excess liquid, this being commonly accomplished by dipping off and feed- Ing the top of the garbage and allow- Ing the excess liquid to remain in the container. ) Feeds Garbage Freely. One Southern poultryman who handles about 1,000 fowls reports ex- cellent results from the use of well- pelected garbage, which he obtains trom a large charitable institution. He hauls the garbage twice a day, and feeds it to the birds about ten o’clock in the morning and again durifg the middle of the afternoon, so that the table scraps are fed fresh, only two or three hours after they are discard- ed from the kitchen. This poultry- man feeds the garbage on the grass of the range in such quantity that the fowls clean up all the refuse. The successful résults obtained by this chicken fancier are due largely to the well-selected and thoroughly fresh garbage which is fed. He reports ex- cellent results not only from the feed- {ng of garbage to fattening cockerels and old hens, but also to its use for laying hens and pullets. Even a small number of turkeys which are main- tained on this farm are always atten- tively on the watch for the girbage wagon. The gobblers relish table scraps keenly and desert tender grass- hoppers and nutritious chestnuts as readily as the chickens scamper from succulent alfalfa and well-filled hop- pers of mash when the garbage is spread out on the ground. FARMERS’ EXCHANGES DISTRIBUTE STOCK 1 System of Clearing Houses Devel- oped in State of lowa. Breeders Given Opportunity of Secure | ing Purebred Sires—County Agrie cultural Agent Renders Vale uable Assistance. (Prepared by the United States Departs ment of Agriculture.) A system of county farmers’ ex-| has been developed in Io during the } past year, forces of the state agricul-: tural college and of the United States: gdepnrtment of agriculture working lnf co-operation. One of the prinicipal ac-f tivities of the exchange is in the dis- tribution of purebred live stock. The| breeders send a'list of the animals| they have for sale to the office of the| county agricultural agent. He mukes: up lists of these animals and distribe; | utes them throughout the county, fre-: quently advertising in the local pa- pers. If any animals are not disposed of In the county, a list of them is sent to the extension department of the| state agricultural college, where lists; are made up for the entire state and sent to every county and to adjoining states. In this way many farmers who otherwise' would not have the oppor- tunity of locating purebred sires are| ‘able to get exactly what they want. Through the exchanges many carloads of purebred stock have been sold to buyers from other states, i It is estimated that five chickens will yield a pound of feathers. Y The Runner duck is not inclined to fatten so readily as other varieties. * * = Given the same care and feed, pure- bred fowls make a greater profit than mongrels. . & The'*goose is the great “Christmas bird” and brings best prices afound holiday time. .« ¢ O In preparing for winter egg produc- tion a supply of succulent green feed should not be overlooked. . & B Poultry houses need ventilajion, plenty of it, but arrangements should be made to prevent draughts, . s * ‘With turkeys it does not pay to keep too old or too young breeding stock. one mate. Never keep more than 12 hens wlth' changes in live stock, fegd and seed! | J & 1% \3 Sto . % V) OUR service and guaranty .~ glves you the opportun- ity to judge of your satisfac- tion by the service you get fronp our goods; if youdon’t get it, money cheerfully re- funded. : Overcoats, Masterpieces In designing, in rich fabrics, in beautiful colors, in fine tailoring by Hart Schaffner & M_arx and Society Brand. 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