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THE BETIDJI DAILY PIONEER +———PUBLISHED EVBRY AFTERNOON EXCEPT SUNDAY THE BEMIDJI PIONEER PUBLISHING CO. ; E. H. DENU @. B. CARSON TELEPHONE 922 - Entered at the postoffice at Bemidji, Minn., as second-class matter wmder act of Congress of March 3, 1879. No attention paid to anonymous contributions. ‘Writer’'s name must be known to the editor, but not necessarily for publication. Communications for the Weekly Pioneer should reach this office not Jaier than Tuesday of each week to insure publication in the current issue. _— SUBSCRIPTION RATES BY CARRIER BY MAIL Six months.....ccm .o Three months........... 125 Onemonth. . . ccccom. A5 THE WEEKLY PIONEER Ten pages, containing a summary of the news of the week. Pub- lished every Thursday and sent postage paid to any address for, im OFFICIAL COUNTY AND CITY PROCEEDINGS The Daily Ploneer is a member of the United Press Association, ana s represented for foreign advertising by the Six months............- 300 @eaeral offices in New York and Chicago, branches in all principal Cities. THE FARM ON A BUSINESS BASIS Farmers who lament the exodus from the farms to the cities may be surprised at being told that they themselves are largely to blame, yet such i8 the case: They are at fault, in that they have failed to deal with hired help and renters on a business basis. 8 Let us illustrate: Mr. Thompson, who owns a large farm, takes John Smith as his hired help and installs him and his family in a tenant house on the estate. He agrees to give Smith his house rent, garden, truck patch, firewood and ©cow pasture, with perhaps other “favors,” together with a very moderate wage for time actually put in at work. General speaking, this wage is somewhere around a dollar a day, in some sections of the country more. Smith works for a year. He puts in possibly two hundred and fifty days. At the end of that time he takes stock of his earnings, and right at this point is where the trouble comes. Smith can see nothing for his year's work but $250. He has come to regard the other items in the contract as ‘“free favors,” and consequently values them lightly. He hears of his neighbor, Tom Jones, who has gone to town or the city and 48 making good wages—$2.00 or $2.50 a day. His own earnings look too puny to suit-him, and to town he goes, only to find that for the ‘“free fa- vors” he has valued so lightly in the country, the best part of his earn- ings in town must be paid. However, he has made the move, and rather than be classed as unstable or unreliable, in town he stays. If Mr. Thompson, in contracting with Smith, had said plainly, ‘“Your house rent is worth so much per month, your fire wood so much per cord, your cow pasture so much,” and so on through the list of “favors,” the whole matter would have worn a very different aspect, and Smith would have seen that instead of being hard hit his lot was a very easy one. When the employer and help on the farms learn to place their deal- ings on a sensible business basis a big improvement will be the result, and more men will stay on the farms. i LET UTILITY RULE THE FAIRS d 2 In the preparations for the various state and county fafi;to be held this fall, it will be well if we all stop and consider the question of exhibits. & Heretofore exhibitors at these fairs have been inspired by one con- trolling ambition—to have the best possible specimen on exhibition, fre- quently regardless of the cost. This year the item of cost should receive careful attention. Es- pecially is this true in the case of live stock exhibits. If there were any means of ascertaining the amount of feed con- sumed in this country annually by “show” stock,” with little if any re- turn in actual market value, we would doubtless be amazed at the quan- tity. Stock of all kinds—horses, cattle, sheep, hogs and poultry—are fed up, petted and pampered, with no purpose of real efficiency or actual market value, but purely for show. And frequently the cost of producing the specimen is out of all proportion to the real value. ‘Such a practice should be discouraged this year. No person should lavish feed and care upon any animal with any other object in view save to get a bona fide return in dollars and cents—that is, in actual value that could he converted into money, and that at a profit. For instance, the averags hog reaches the maximum of profitable growth at from 400 to 500 pounds. Frequently any additional weight is procured not only without profit, but at a loss. The same holds good m other lines. : The object to be aimed at this vear is to see that every dollar’s worth of fead consumed shall yield more than a dollar’s worth of the animal to which it is fed. Any other course is waste, which is inexcusable while our country is at war and sorely in need of every ounce of farm production. 7ot the prize stock pass for this year. Feed for returns in ACTUAL v SAMUEL TO IOV SEZDS FOR SOLDIERS ywr to in:ure the cultivaticn of all available land under recla- ects Sonator Wesley L. Jones cf the state of Washington pro- (1 o Secrctary of Agrienlture shall take possession of such lands as arc ed and uncultivated and that were uncultivated last seasen. ord Lkeep them until cne voar after the war. During that time Senator Jones suegests that the secretary make arrangements for the planting i the land end fer furnishing water for irrigation. He advo- cates paving tha cwner a just compensation for the use of his property, and in case the cwner gives satisfactory assurances that he intends to cultivate his Innd during the war, even though he has not done so here- tofore, he should be allowad to retain it. Senator Jones has drawn a bill cutlining his propesition, and will endeavor to secure its enactment. A REGRETTABLE OCCURRENCE Squalling babies enlivened the graduation exercises at the Grand theater last evening, and not a move made to check the intrusions. Miss Dorothy Carson, valedictorian of the class, with the highest four years’ average of any student that ever went through the high school, on edge from her hard work incident to the closing days of school, attempted to deliver her closing farewell of the class to the accompaniment of a fret- ful infant and was completely distoncerted. More experienced, thor- oughly schooled in public speaking, Dr. J. H. Bushnell, the orator of the evening, delivered his address to the same ac¢ompaniment in a masterly manner despite the interruptions, but thoroughly annoyed. Nothing has been a topic for more severe condemnation in Bemidji for a long time. The speakers were entitled to protection, and the audience as well. The Pioneer, in behalf of the class and audience, offers an apology to Dr. Bushnell and those who took part in the program. It is not necessary to be stingy or resort to parsimony in your per- sonal or household expenditures, but it is highly essential that every per- son refrain from extravagance or waste of any nature while we are at war with a powerful foreign country. Secretary Redfield urges “No more tin cans, except for food. Now it the Department of Agriculture will issue a bulletin giving 100 ways to cook tin cans. What Owning a United States " Government Bond Will Mean To YOU ' 0 EVERY man and woman in this country, your government offers today an opportunity to own a 83% United States Government Bond, backed by all the resources of the richest nation in the world. While we cannot all of us enlist in the active army, we can all of us enlist as financial volunteers. To the army at home, your government offers a solid, substantial business proposition. Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo says: ‘‘The greatest immediate service the American people can render in this War for universal liberty throughout the world is to furnish the means for its vigorous prosecution. The Liberty Bond” Issue is the first step. I earnestly bespeak the co-operation of every ecitizen throughout the length and breadth of the land in this great ser- vice of patriotism.’” In asking you to subseribe to the ¢‘Liberty Loan’’ your Government does not ask you to spend your money. Instead it holds out to you a splendid opportunity to save and to invest. Liberty Loan Bonds are backed by the total re- sources of the richest nation on earth—a nation whose yearly income alone is estimated at $50,- 000,000,000 or twenty-five times the present loan. IN MULTIPLES OF $50. Liberty Loan Bonds may be purchased in mul- tiples of $50 bearing 3% per cent interest pay- able semi-annually December 15th and June 15th. These bonds mature in 30 years and are redeem- able in 15 years. They are exempt from all taxes except inheritance apd estate, and may be registered in multiples of $100. Should the Government before the end of the war issue any bonds at a higher rate of inter- est, the Liberty Loan Bonds become immediately convertible into higher rate bonds. Payments for Liberty Loan Bonds may be made 2 per cent on application, 18 per cent June 28, 1917, 20 per cent July 30, 1917, 30 per cent August 15, 1917, and 30 per cent’ August 30, 1917. d The last great government bond issue sold for par in 1898 and 110% in 1900. So valuable were these bonds considered that the Secretary of the Treasury could secure only one-tenth o the is- sue when h- offered redemption. SCHOOL TEACHERS. Liberty Loan Bonds are the safest investment in the world. They may be registered in denom- inations of $100 thus giving protection against loss or theft. The income comes to you auto- matically when registered. Practice the patriot- ism you teach your children. Buy a bond. MARRIED MEN. Liberty Bonds as safe as life insurance for your wife and children. Uncle Sam never goes out of business and age or health are no barrier to your holding his bonds. Liberty Bonds give your wife a fixed income, without any business complications to worry her. Should she need the actual cash, she can sell her bonds without difficulty. MOTHERS. Buy the baby a bond. Liberty Bonds have purposely been made in multiples of $50 so that you can take them without difficulty. They will give your baby his education or start him out in business. The four payment periods make it possible for your husband and you to figure ahead a few months and plan on this nest egg for your children. Give your baby his start in life today with Uncle Sam as his ‘‘backer.”? _ ; __._ FEDERAL RESERVE BANK YOUNG BUSINESS PEOPLE. Liberty Bonds offer a safe, secure investment as a foundation for your business finance. Here your savings are protected and pay you interest, get kthe saving habit now. Make Unele Sam youz anker. . EMPLOYERS. Help your employees get ahead by loants them lt,he money to purchase Liberty ifllfll. It will give them an added interest in the W of your busicess to feel you are backing m. The commercial security of the world is af in this war. Do everything in your power to perform your immrdiate duty of financing it. OLD PEOPLE. Liberty Bonds will relieve you of all financial worry. They are as good as cash and you do not have to bother about renewing them. When registered, their income comes to you automatic- ally. It wilh make the disposition of your estate much more fair and simple, if you concentrate your property in Liberty Bonds. TRUSTEES. The business judgment of trustees will never be questioned if they invest their trust funds in Liberty Bonds. The work of a trustee is greatly simplified by purchasing registered Liberty Bonds and receive | ing the income automatically for the beneficiary, WIDOWS. tWidows unaccustomed to business affairs will find the simplest method of securing their in- come to be the purchase of Liberty Bonds. There is no danger of loss and the ineome comes to vou with the minimum of trouble. Should you need a loan at any time, Liberty Bonds are the best security you can give. ORGANIZATIONS. Liberty Bonds provide safe disposition for the funds of organizations. They protect the funds and at the same time pay interest. There is never any question as to the business judgmend of directors purchasing Liberty Bonds for theiz organization. NEW AMERICANS. Liberty Bonds offer new Americans an lo'vpm' tunity to show their patriotism, while the same time keeping their money safely. THOSE WHO HAVE ENLISTED. Put your capital into Liberty Bonds for your family or mother now. Then you can be sure that while you are away your property is safe and is giving an income without complication to those at home. SUBSCRIBE NOW. President Wilson says: ‘‘This is the time for America to correct her unpardonable fault of wastefulness and extravagance.’” Liberty Loan Bonds are the way for her to do it. They mean more saving—more income— more business for every citizer in this country. Subseribe today through any bank, bond house, trust company, department store or post office, —_— | OF MINNEAPOLIS Fiscal Agents of the United States Government in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakots, Montana, Northern Wisconsin and Upper SATURDAY. JUNE 2. 1917, ~Liberty Loan