The Sun (New York) Newspaper, January 21, 1865, Page 1

|THE THIRTY-THIRD YRAR. } NUMBEB 10,151. f ——— The Latest By Telegraph to the N. Y. San. | coaenecenenme(uemesemnne at | SAVANNAH & CHARLESTON. | Advance of Sherman's Army. POCOTALIGO BRIDGE CAPTURED. Guns and Prisowers Secured, DISASTER OFF CHARLESTON. A Monitor Blown Up. OVER FORTY LIVES LOST. THE WILMINGTON EXPEDITION, Fort Caswell and Other Works | Blown Up by the Rebels. | | PROM THE PACIFIC COAST. Wreck of the Sir Joba Frasklin. GREAT LOSS OF LIFE. The Peace Question. BLAIR OFF TO RICHMOND AGAIN. a&e., &e Charleston and Savannah. Advance of Sherman’s Army Disaster to a Mont ete. The transport steamer Pulton, from Port Royal oo the Teh and Fortress Monroe on the lve inat., arrived bere yesterday, bringmy ocws from Charleston and Savannah, We sre tndebted to Purser MoManus for favors, The steamer brings to this port «ne hundred and fourteen cabin aod three hundred and ninety steerage passengere, in ehudmmg obout tree buodred and fifty exehanged eri thers, On Saturday aight the lath instant, the Seven- wenth Army Corpse and the troops commanded by Geacral Hatch uivaoced on Pocotalivo Bridge, on fe Charleston and Bsvannab Kaliroe 4 and cap- sured that work, togetier with the foriificatious and twelve guns losivg in the charge forty killed and wounded The grus The enewy evacuate! ihe place during tHheuylt end fell beck to Ashepoo, wwards Charieston, It ie thought the enemy will make a siaud at Wet point. were apiked, The monitor Putapsco was destroyed off Charles. | fon as 9 o'clock on the morniny of the i71b instant, while doing picket duty, She waa blown up by «| rebe! torpedo, From forty tw fifty of the crew went down with her, Ther names bal not Leen | secerteined up to the time of the sailing of the | Fulton. | The best order ie maintained in the city van- | on the military authorities, aud but few sol- | diers are visille on the streets, Trade in Savanoah | ' le buntted, but prices are now reyulated by law. Buss Lefore lenviag Atlante the army was paid | about aight millions of dollars and the sul liert spent their moncy freely at the first opportunity ine firm, which took one hundred and tifty-three | Qbousand do'lars’ worth of goods, sold them for | four hundred and seventeen thousand dotlars. It) ie said that the suffering awong the citizens of Bevannah 1 vot eo great as bas been repro. | pented. Afier the evacuation 4 Hardee, am! be- | tore Bherinan entered the city, the majority of the | citizens, especially of the poorer and midd elasees, entered the stores and laid fu ® youd su ply of provisions, Those who neglected to do so ‘Were toe wealthy classes, who were the first to suffer, aud |) is for these people that subweriptious bave recently been raised tn the North. The imove- moent is unpopular with the so'diers, who are glad to see the wealthy people of tue South sufferug some of the privatious they thomseives have en- | dured, Wilmington. Evacuation of Fort Caswell Fic. Baltimore, Jan, W.--Reports by the Fortress Monroe boat say that an arrival from of Wilming- | wu last evening, bringe the intelligence thas the re- | dels bad blown up Fort Caswell, aud Wiluington was said to Lave been evacuaiod by thew SNOORD DISPATOR Portreas Monrow, Jan. 19, via Balt more, Jan 80.—The stesmer Blackston:, Capt. Porry, errived here this worning, frow off Fort Fisher, bring.ug $10 officers ond privates wounded i the late as | wault againat that fort. The !atest news from Fort ¥ sber is that shortly efter the surrender of the tort, the revels Liew up | Port Caewall and the other ininor works defeuding | the entrance of Cape Fear River, Atthe time of | sailing the emalier guoboats had entered the river, | end were actively enyazed searching for torpedoes, | preparatory w an edvence against Wiluugion, Bhortly alter the capiure of Port Fishers diagram | containing @ plan of the Whole system of torpedo arrangements in Capo Fear River, was discovered, sod our naval officers were making search for the key w the diegram, by which means the | ornal domgns of the enemy would be completely trus- trated. Whe Capture of Fort Fisher— Dispatch fro! Admiral Porter. Norta ATLANTIC Squannos, Fi seen’ Marvgun, Ory Fout Fuusa January 16, 1965 Bia :—I wrote you yesterday. forte The army have captured 1,500 men or large number of officers, including General Whi- ting and Colonel Lamb, The guubosta aro now ia Me river, sod Wilmington is hermetically sealed ageiust blockade runners, The relels have des- troyed the works ou Smith's Island, and if they @o not destroy Fort Caswell, it is of no use to them. We will ges that afier @ little while, must not expect too much of These works are tremendous, I wae in Fort Malakoff » fow days after its surrender to the French and English, | | We have all the those two nations were many months capturing | | (et sirongbold, and it won't compare either in om ot mrmgth we Fort Fishes, The fort oon. a ik ae | tated 18 aod y at th News ones, lava yo eared what our casualties | with Jeff Davis seems to incresse inf. | will | to give peace ww bleeding and distracted country + | by negotiation, You | us a¢ one time, | tween Worinaid aod “NEW YOR em were heavy are in killed and wounded, but 1 think 300 will cover them all, Wehbede bed explosion in the fort this morning, whieh killed and wounled » number of men—about one hundred, Bome of our seamen were blown up, and Asting- Assistant Paymaster R. H. Gillet, of the Gettysburg, was killed. 1 will send « detailed report.as soon as I can get off the wounded and errang» matters gen- K, SATUI erally, The world never saw such fight'ng as our | woldiers did, D. D. Portex, Raar-A toriral, Hoo. Giptos Weriies The Peace Exciter ent. Binir eff to Richmond Agnin. Washington, Jan, 200.—The Evanis og Stak says: “Mr the purposes, it is believed, of paring sucther visis to Riehmood, He left om the United 8) ates steamnor Dou, on which vessel he made bis ast trp. The Don had been lying at the Navy Yard wharf under special! orders during the morning. o'clock Mr, Bialr arrived at the Yard ®. « earriaye, and quietly went on board the Don, whore Knew were immediately drawn in, and abe le R at quar ter past eleven, Mr Hiair wae ecoom) anied only by his servant, we believe, Tho Case of Burleigh. Ho ie to be Given Up. Toronto, Jan 20 In the case of Burleigh, the Court decided that the evidence fully je stified his coearittal for robbery, end consequenth © be must be given up under the treaty, Consida wble ex eHtement prevaila, and !t ie understoul th » counsel will apply for a writ of Aabeass corpus. From 8an Franoisco. Low of the Ship Sir Jehn Frank? n, Fto. Sun Franiseo, Jan. 19.—The sbip & 6 Jobn Franklin, from Baltimore for this port, wet | ashore at Pigeouw Point, on the nigbt of the 17th | thet Captain Diepleax aud eleven seamen were dro eo! Bhe soon parted amidsh!ps, andthe see makes aclean breach over her. The three metess nd five eeome) managed to get ashore, The #h ip wae laden with the cargo of the ship Charire i eupe!l, which put into Rio Janeiro, in distress From the South. The Reaction. The mautteringe of revolution in daily becoming more audible. the Sum b Tha dissat’ vehemence, The management oft) challenged, and the demand for peace is more 4 6D ers), Tie Richmond Exawines wakes the fab! of Fort Fisher the theme of » sav age atiack on Dus is, the Confederate Covwresa, Virginia, the varios Siete Executives and Logislatures, avi rete! rulera wonerally. It states that the pow wan pain & be opened with fated hopes, dimir ed energy, avd forebodiag of continued disasters. Tt concludes Ly calling for a convention that rball sir ke away the evils that now preva. Tbe Dur vatow ludulgea in nearly the same wtrain, aod urges the Bouth to awake trom itslothargy, and whates that the fit of depression bas bwou eget and more violent than formerly, t use © ree the enermny by encouraing the which seems have bevest the ia, in fact, nam sti Cispoeaition to erve! whole country. Vhe Wate sdaoits that the fall of Fort Bieber i* cnlarmity, aud directs attention to the arciy, | hat still actuated by » heroic resolve to save the “un- try, ata moment when croakers are not vuly pre cleting but even pleuning tte downfall, It calls upon the meu 0: the South to assert their man! wod aud avert Qe doom that is beiug prepared for ties by the hated Yankeos, The most significant sign of the times, however, in # debate that took place in the Confederate Hoi two ot Kepresentusives lu reference to au article in the Rebmoud Bertoxmt, devouncing as treesonal te certain alleged proceedings in secret sommion, 1% fuvor of peace negotiations with Waeshingto... Mr. Orr, of Missivsip, 1, who intraiuced the sub-+ ject, mated that it Was ineufferable thut such aus erticle should appear in a journal known to be the espec.al organ of “President Davis," and who editor ty the private priuter uf Congress, Mr, Orr's speech throws # flood of light upoo the Blair ne. gotiations for peace, and shows thas the movement. was probably initiated at Kichmoud, apd iu conse-* quence of secret delberasions in Congress Mr. , Orr states that “ihe question of reconstruction, however, does not arise in the proposition to ne- gotlute, and [abell no therefore, discuss it, Nor? ja it foolish or tres@ouable, aud I will add that it igs neither fupolitic nor unmanty, while we are yath- crng up al our military #tr to meet the eue- my, to resort w& every isudeble and proper clors The subject was a: lust dropped by a vote of 16 w 61 From Europe. Six Days Later News The Inman eteamer “City of Baltimore’ from Queenstown the 6tb, has arrived. Vhe news that President Lincoln bad 4 sapproved of General Dix's order for the pursuit of warauders jute Canada wae received in England with very genere! satisfaction, Tho war news wes reed with great intervst and caused a further depression iu the Confederate-lvan which wae sold av low a6 5% « decline of nearly 1U | per cent, within @ week, The London Trams says the «kil! and daring Geveral Bbermen's march b w'th e brilliant succes: nab can hold ous long succenmvs in Tennessee it saya: the rewult of these | operat ous must be to raive the spir ts of the Feder- als, to confirm them in their belief that throughout the South they bave no enemy capable of oppowmng ther chelfartaics, The London Times of the 4th, in another article en the Canadian difficulty, is very ouch melined to sympathise with the Federals ob acount of the esape of prisonerr, who, taking their departure trom tbe neutral termtory of Canada, had inflicted outrages within the borders of Jendiy Mate, It uw ust be recollected, however, says the Times, that the Executive Government is Bot respuusible for the miearriage of » jude A frightfal accident! ad happened at a musical eniertanment as Dundee, Tie prossure t jnto the Lali was suoh that many jé forced one over another down sou steps leading to the ball, and 19 were killed, while many oshere were more or leas injured. Poe British War steamer Racohorse was last in the China Seas in November, Only nive a her crew, suclud.ug ber commander, were saved. The romainder in number, were drowned, A prise-tight for te Kngtish championsht, be- Mureden, whics was t have | come off on the Sd inst. wae prevented by th whice P A circular of the Freuch Mmister of Justice, sole Were The combined armies of | dated the 1st instact, adtremed to the bishops, au- | ngunces that the Gouna F Bare la cooupied in xamimung the projet 8 cecree for author. the publication of of the Pape's baeaalian) Loewe, which granu 6 The minisier Gays; lp 6 Aud | Port Pisher, wae unanimously paased riscpcoly | | wet) Francis P. Blair left this oly two-ley with | At eleven | action | | | | | | ing to the terma atipulated in the jesse, | Hon BUl, including one for 9 Minister Exxtraordi- | ey, “An rewante the first part of the letter and th | pendix, your eminence will uucerstand that the rece; tion and publication these documenta, | which contain propositions ary to the priuci- | ples on which ts {the constitution of the em- pire, could not be euthoriaed." Tue French cleray had held « meeting to ar- | range preliminary measures for a rathering of all the prelates, chief priests aud deacons of the eburch in France to concert meamires for inform- ing the Pope of the feawant effect produced by bis lever throughout France A Freaoch Imperial cocree appoints Prince Napo- Joon Vico President of the Privy Council. The Pope had received the memters of the Ba- ollewe and addressed to them an allocuto which be said that in the prevent day r »bhery was commotted under the pretext of nationality, | but the trumph of the Churgh waa certain, the day only of thet triumph béng uncertain His Holinems added that after witnessing the deatru Won of the enemies of the H iy Bee, 1 the tri- umph of truck wad virtur, be would exclaim with Sinieou —"* Lord, now letiest thou thy serveut do- part in peace." Nothing of moment has tranap'red tn New Zea- ‘and. The native, who were stilt in rebellion, were waking prejersiours for @ renewal of the atruge le The tails from the Bravils bal reached England Ap antmomty bad spruny up hetween the Monte. | vdians sud ihe Buenos Ayreana, which waa cal- culated (o lead to disastrous comsequences in the River Maw, Vory! atest. Liverpool, Jan. 6. Captain Corbett, who com »Mandod the steamer Sea Kong, now the pirate Mbenandoe!, on ber vovage from London ty) Ma de'ra, has been arrested for violating the Eulist- meut Act, in enlisting o.en for the Rebed Navy. The London Times of t-dey bes an artiele bigt- ly eulogietic of General Sherman's skill, The prize-fight for the championship between Wormald aud Marslen, resulted ka tha victory of Worwakt, Congressional Proceedings, XXEXVIIIth CONGRESS Second Seaton. Hlouse ef Representatives. Washington, Jan, 20 -The Renate joint resolu- tion tendering the thanks of Congress w Brevet | M. jor Gc oera!l Terry and the officers and men un aseed unanimously. der bis command, wa 4 Joint resolution was reported ‘thas the thanks | { Congress are due and are bereby tondered to | Maver the officers and area and for thelr sk!!! aud dauntess courage, by which the rebel army was siguaily de- feaved and driven from Teunessee."' The resoluiiou Was Nnanimor slopted The rt resolution of thanks to Rear | Aduiral Porter end the officers, seamen sod ma | rines under bla cormmand, {a the recent attack on Goneral Thomas ar or bis command Senate Mr Stevens reported from the Committee of Waye and Means a joint resolution, which passed, authorizing the Becretary of the Treasury to give | notice to the owners of the Merchants’ Exchange in New York, now occupied as a Custorn House, to purchare the same for ove willion dollars, accord- The Honse concurred tn the Senate's amend- ments to the Consular and Diplomatic Appropria- nary to the Republic of Mexico, Mr Wilson, from the Comuntitee on the Judicte- ry, reported « ball, providing that in all prosecu- thona or fndtetments for libel in the Distréct of C lumbla, the truth thereof may be given in, evidear noder the ceneral issue ag @ justification of the libel ant if it appear that the matter ie true, and pul hebed or written for justifiable ends the Court shall order the defeudeaut w Le acquitted, The All was passed. The Heuee passet the bill, as amen ted by the Renate, authoriging the alvance of offhsers of the Navy and Marine Corps for cletingulahed services, not exceeding thirty numbers tn rank. A resolution was adopted, instructing rthe Com- mittee on Commerce to inquire whether-the state ment is true, that GM. Lane, of Balttioore, re ceived a present from Risley, agent of the'Tresaury Departmont. to ex hange provisions ‘or cutton with the rebels, aud if it proves true, th at they re- porte remedy avarnst 6 rotlar frauds Mr. Botwell, froma the Judiciary Com mittee, re- ported the Senate hill, whieh was passed, providing that no person after the date of this at, sal! be a'mitted w practice in the Supreme Court of the United States, nor after the 4th of March in any Ciceuit or District Court, and the Court of Claims, unices by teking the oath of office as pirovided for im the act of July, Iotu On motion of Mr. Stevens, the House resol ved itself into # Committee of the whole om the State of the Union, on the amendatory loan bal Mesers, Bievons and Morrill explawed that, of | the $400, 000,000 authorized by the eect of Ju Abt, a)! except @ixty or eeveuty millions of the firs #200,000,000 Lave been jewued in seven-ihirties, snd the object of the Lilisto give the Secretary of | the Treasury av ' to isaue all of the rewain- dor tn the same fori of loan, Mr Stey gave notice of his tntentton to offer an amendment that thie ect shall not be construed as conferring authority to issue Jewel tender notes in any forw beyond the amount wlreaty authorized by law Ibe Loan Bill was passed with te that nothing #! oustrued to a@uthor iseue of legal tenders in auy form teyond the . amount sutbortzed by the the act, to which this billie ao dioent the emeudwent, Adjourned, tue BILL, Be tt enacted, &¢, Thatin Neu of any bonde au- thorized to Le weued by the Bret section of the act entitied, “Ag at # provide Ways end weeus for the support of the Government,’ approved June | 90, 1544, thet may retoain unsold at the date of thls act, the Beeretary of she Treasury may iseua under the suthomty of ead act, treesury notes ot the des- cription end chars ter authorized by the seeoud wection of sald set; Provided, That the whole | amount of 1) wuthorized,as aforeantd,and trees urv notes issued aid te be issued in Beu thereof, shall not exceed the sulin of @400,000,000; and such treasury notes ay be dispowed of for lawful mou- or for any Ury notes or certifiomses of indebteiness or iheates of deporte fagued under previons act ot Congre@s, and such notes shal) xernpt fromm taxation by or under Bate or mu- micip a! authorts Rection Recon That any bonds known as Five- | twenties, issued moder the act of February 2th, | 1802, rerus Id to am amount uot exceeding four willion dullsar4 may be digposed of by the | Secretary of the Treasury in the United Btates, or | if ba find it expelion§ in Europe, at any tive and on such terms ## Le May deen iao8t advivablo; provided that the art shall not be so construel as to vive any anthority for the isaue of any legal tender notes in any fern berond the balance unissued of the amount authorzed by the second sectlon, to which this is an amendment, Toe House took Up aud pamsed the Pust Olico Appropriation bi) Tus War Department has issued an order prohibiting the d.minierments of dead bohes at any point sonta of the Distmcs of Coluasbia, Hereafter | it will be utterly useless for es w make spplicasion for the removal of bodies of Ueir | frends and reid vos, IDAY. JANUARY 21, 1865. ) troker, bul | Aqeduct | Dee, bi S Now York State Legislature, Semate, Albany, Jan 20 —Biits Noriomm --To amer | the Brooklyn sewerage not, To amend re law. To regulate the use of wharves ands Nes York To repeal ao much of the registry le as applies to towns and villages, Wetes Isimos Peopie’s Sav a n ” 4 the charter of the the relief of the far! Nee of marred men A comrountestion waa received from the Comp rioong the Benatora thet the aj propria of sick and tion of Ts 4°%,000 for the relief wounded # door ia ex hawrated the finda be iniumeattately rer offered a concurrent resolution ««preast thanks of the people to Admiral Porter snd Torry, for the vretory they aclueved wt Bort Fisher, Adjourned until Mouday evening Aasombly. Rerorrs— Ta amend the act relative to Mire In- rence Companies To enable State twuke to be- ¢ Notions’ Banka, The sonual Appropriation Wl! To provide for the extenmou of the Croton orks Mitae Noriomn To ineresea the powers of the Compirol er of Sew York. To Inco porase the Bt. Pau! the Apowic Boclety of New York. To fucorpo- rate the Matrapolitan Market Company To incor alate the Manhattan Land Improvement Company. ‘or a raiirowd in Thirty 4ourth aiml other a coetw im New York. To creste a Metropolitan Fire Diatr ct, To incorporate the Kaat Bide Railroad, ‘To enab'e the Bupervisor of New York to ravee money. In relation te ciarka of Courta in the City of New York. To incorporate the Gladiator Association of Row York. To continue in foree the ebarter of the BA. David's Society of New York formaly so the teat books ta the Common Schools. Pama, The bil to tnoorpursse the Houw for Dieet led Boldiers. Adyo: Nows Items. [Sp Pelegraph to the Mow York Sum.) A vaurt of rebela made another rald om tho ost- Uwore amd Uhio railroad Thurad. night, captured @ freight train veer Harpe aForry. Tum Maesachusette Senave voted yesterday for Loita! Seat Heury Wilson 37; Senater, with the following resule: J A Andrew, 3. Tuk Maine House of Represoutatives t f ending the Constitution of the United States abolishing wlavory. eunant wously passed resolutions In favor Tue Navy Dopartment Cosigne eatabliehing @ European Squadroa, uuder te couvoaud of Kear. Adiuiral Godsborsugh, aud w argely Incrosse the Braval and b wt Luda Squadrous, Nowa bas Leeu rece! ved of the manaacre of Uiroe fatniiies by the Owen's River, Cal, Indiene ou A pary of twenty siters have mace deatroyed on Liniian village, kiled efght Indians, aud other ects of retributiou are threateued, Tus New Jersey tinuse of Assewbly apens the whole day, yesterday, in trying to organize. Since thedeath Mf Colonel Fowler tbe Kepublicans have 60 votes aud the Democrats 2 vole The troule je to get reminded the resel itive passed ou the second day of the Bemssion, requiring 41 votes to elect officers aud 81 to remind. The Deueerate ade here to the ‘Lue day was spent in specches an! parliawentary tactlos, ‘Tau Becretary of the Navy, }u response toa call from the House for the facts relative t tug of the Parrott rifled guns at Fort Fisher, says that the number destroyed was five aud Hat forty five peruons were thereby Billed wi wounded The cause of their bursting, it is declared, cennot at prommt te determined, Thus guns were of east iron, strengthened ot the Liowel Ly e wrought tron band, resulution. the burst. General Lutelligence, (By Madi to the New York Sun.) Tie pay of over 800 officers of the Commiasary Bure: extoppet in consequence of their failure render accounts. A woman diet recently In Danbury, Ct, of poly- pus, which appeared only # your ago ju the sha of a small rex wot under ber right ey At the tame of Lor deat it was the ize of w quart Wow! A www journal ts to appear in Paria, to be called vane, and t) be devote! w urging religious affairs, The tnotwo Ww “A free church in a tree Btate * Tusae ‘blessed baby" ts likely to cost the English dear, an extra allowance of a bunered and fifty thovaand cde eavear beng about to be voted to the Prince of Wales for tte wupport A sessattOm report from Montreal ia to the ete thet the Car rebels toe iitate @ new reid on grand eca’e inte New Koglend, and the deatrue of the prison, barracks, 1 vale. shops at Plattwhuneh in retalation f prove dings in the Shenandoah Valle A Mavos, (a, rom Cayour wn er states that sty ra! re were about ab the time Baeruan MM) bulew of this emovnt be hante and cannot be tutertere © remaiulng §,000 belunsed to Amencan © ants, On Wednee morning, Mr Joseph F. Defrees end bie witty ving ia Ballardvala, Muay, were found de@d iu thew bed, due ed boen til with Gopthera for which they teow ether, aad their un- thael th was doul tless caved hy an overdose A thie medicine, The unfortunate gouplo bed been warried but @ short time, Five blookade runners cleared frors Nasaan on the 28d ult. for Wilmington ; six arr at Nanweu on the 63h end Tet instents, from + port with cargoes of cotton, wad two cleared ior Wiinuington ou the 4ih = Tbe boys of Porter are likely to reny arich barv nolows theme blockade raupers hear the news put back A caVALuy detachrnent in Northern Virginia, while fn seare) of the wounded juerr lia chieftain, Mow encountered » party of mounted rebels vear Salerno, ou Mon after a Urak futt, routed a] and capta irty mer Mouby le understood te be secreted in that section of oo iotry, and ie weld to be rapidly recovering from hia wounds, with o prospect of woon being in the waddle again Rien er Eorerss, of Vermont, fs now, by senior. ity, bhe presiaing Uishep of Une Protestant Kpiseo nal Churth in tora counsry, Leas said thet he hae ern, Lv) ee 4 bepuse spal veeibation to that mart of Louldar wi the Jeral linea, No inhop has beeu see the church to the er Polk, ur Princesa Mary of Cambridye, fat, fair and s there sinoe the defeewou trom sy of the rebel Geueral Dako} forty, how mt) pone wad dove it, Uaving married a subject 5 unt Hext, who «he hee lony loved= w the ‘udignation lee eousity Queen Vietoria, and in defiance of the R Marriayo Ach wh prohibits # men er of the royal family ‘To secure unt- | UN. (PIICR ONR CENT IN GOLD (YWO CENTS IN CLRIKNCY, Gov. Jrcan®& of Kentu ky, hae been uncon tHonally retased by to DP t. In his letter, dated yeeteriay, Hie ty be say "You are at hb erty to proces! to Ky cod) rermain at large, no far aa it relates to any cour “p In what TL now do I decide nuthiog an to tt tur wrong 4 your arrest, but act in the } at there is leas liability to misuncerstan ing among Union mea now than there was at the tue of the arrest." Petroleum. , Ite Discore y, Development Impertance, © CSpeetal Correepondenea of The Sun) On, Crrv, Jan, 1%, 1966 To compréas the whole eubtect of Petroleura jute S Lewspaper article woull be a feat more dificult of mcoompliahment than any vet performed by fit- rary pestidigitator: However, I will give yous mas concise a form ag poem ie, the more meere at- ing features of the petrolemn mitject, leaving my personal experience during atw | the claasie readona of m quent article, WHAT PRIROLET ww In The rapid developinent of the oll-preluctuy terri+ | tory, and the {immense quantity of petrelcum thes 4a now anvually consumed in the United States, tnade it so familiar to the public that an elal.- rate analyris of ite propertion is unnecessary. it jaa natural ofk deposited tn the earth usualty ate depth of from one hundred to aix bundred fort: hae a rancid, disagreeable odor, nud le Valuable for burping, lubricating and roedicinal purposes Although tte propertiog and a knowledge of the extent of ite deposit, have bur recently been known in this country, preerolenm bas tn reatiey lawn known and need to some extent ip every age, rune ning back alwost te the dilnvian perod. Tra anwTiourry In Byypt petrolourn was ised for wedietnal pur- Commercial | | tmonthe’ tour ia lern Gronse w a subec- poses nearly four thousand vears a»: add wil springs are atill in exintence in that ntr ju ' the latter part of the Inet century, two shiv car gots of the crude oil were transported to Rryland | to be gold, but the process of refining not be un deratoo!, the trac wae abandoned Under the name of Bicitan oll, what is now known Wiun'nation aud jn naptha which the peor present day. In Asia Minor the to exist, and lina been used to @ limited extent for ages; and in Persian large quantity bas been ane nua'ly consumed, during ee people of Agrigentum used petroleum for purposes of Parwna there * is @ spring uf to a like ove at the 1) heat y appl a knowa veral hundred years Eren tn th's country petroleum is by uo meange® new discovery. Tt was well known to the Indiana before America wan dine sel for medicinal purposes The early settiora of Western Pennsylvania, and other Metriets where oil springs now exist, used Rock OF, aw the rive purposes colle deposit ou 6b | from the epr vered, and wae ! called it, for vac oth top of whe water aa it secumulated In the | to Port du Queane now Pict tng it by skimming the randa o hie vials argh the | French and Lucian war with the Colonies, Geueral | Washington ionutions the es inte: ail | tp looalit juring epringe eo where wolls are now in operation Ie | peither the indians ur t early white settler@ {knew angiitny of the vaet deposita in the bei uf | the earth WHAT PRONTORS VrTROLECr Geologiata like doctors, do not alwa: and With regard to the f vation of petroleu the natural couses which produce It—there iv consider able diversity of opinion The mostrational the ory, however, and the ome entertained by the moat erntvent geclogieta, is thias The formation of the North Atnerican continent, the great upheaval which threw of the water and discovered the land, depowited vast fields of marshy salt grass aud sea- weed in the beds where petroleum i# pow found This vogetable depowlt, in the transform came covered wilh mace jou, | oasive layers of sand, shut- ting up the vegetation in ite salt water beds The action of the internal he f the Ipon thia vegetation and malt water could pot me t vegetable matter, nor could is drive water tu vapor, for the harcontng of the wal Aa aren't, the ae rock cut off all means + | heat distilled the veyetnt sxtrecting the carbon | and brdroyen comprising & »—henee the torte | tion of the bydro-cerbonio compound known as petroleurn The same natural heat which per forine 1 the work of costiliation would uuturally erack the rock above, to sume extent beuce th | Asaures through which the oi! has Leen forest up | in nome localities, productay the ol springs Ujpem this theory the fact that the ol (# found, when uear \ehe murface, in narrow crevices or Uasurua 4 | easily explained the petroleum being turced intu those cracks from the bed« below HOW THR PBTLOLEDM FEDS WEER DinonvERRD | The resion in which the oll iw mow found ia | Western Ponusyivauia Les aluost for @® century been ku vreat nals riety and salt wolla have be aront ever air the early #etiermenut o ithe greatest ditt ‘a | where the water was not etance which the salt-uen charac ‘ | greasy sua aud w “ eau H cul petroleum. Nearly forty years ¢ a Mr Packer, while borins for salt: water on oer Creel, jo Clarion couuty, Peunss lyarna, our Lae | the depth of four bund-ed feet, The *' ¢reaay wae H ter," aw he termed i} spuried up wit reat furce, | overflowed the land theresbouts, rue! hie salt muchivery, saturated the land with xrease 5 and uted with the result loft the country in a Mr, Packer, profoun tl of hie eflorta to lime CARID BAlly woilf, ttle dreauing that $s wee running awey | from wn El Dorado richer han the gold mines of Celforuia—moe remuneaive taap the diamont m.nes of real, oatgiA OF TH TROLSU M BUSIN Tet Ase uatural coumequence of the increase in the } quentity of thet (and tte way tothe surface from ebandoned salt wells, the peaple ving in ke calities where 1 appeared gradua ty Uieuvered fron matrying a bay lel subject couwary W the | Hat 't coutasne@l some valuable propertice The consent ul the throue | Foe fer will perhaps remember that ouly o few Ges, Buriwp, before leaving the army, turned ears ago & subwtance of harrid odor | baste wee | 7 over #) bis success 1 more than ® q lartar of & i heu of doliarm of bie eivil fund, wih full vouchers | f_rthe same, This money came nos a dobar of ib} from the Treasury, but was raise! from taser /U sutlers, traders, &c., imposed by Limself He alo turned over w bis successor ® quarier of a millvo of dollars of other moneys in his hauds es depart mani COMMADer, With WwUshers, sold througbout the country #4 8 sovereign rexnedy for nearty wll the {tle of the fleah, and beartuy the names sucoesstvely, of Seneca Ol, Gevewsee UM, and Kock Oil, Is wae “warranted w cure” every- Shing from tootirache wo hereditary commute Contermmed om tha last pave,