The evening world. Newspaper, May 29, 1922, Page 13

THE EVENING WORLD, MuNDAY, MAY 49, 18 NewYork, Alien Clearing House of the U-S. AT after day accounts appear D: the newspapers about the vast number of immigrants who arrive in this country from Europe or other sections of the earth, It is generally believed that, Whey are at once poured into our great. melting pot, there to remain, become more or less Americanized, and make for themselves a permanent heme here. Because little of anything is nen Qoned about the huge number who leave America to return to their homes tn other lands few realize that out of every ten who come to these whores only seven remain. To those who enter, the Statue of Méverty no doubt is a symbol of all it {a wapposed to have been erected to repregent. That many of the newly arrived altens dream that Miss Lib- erty is carrying a beg of gold as well as special privileges is probably not far from the fact, betanse most of them come here to get something they could not get where they come from. But what about those who are going back to the land of their birth after having ecquired in most cases suf- ficient money to meet their individual requirements? They came here seek- tng Mherty and gold. Having acquired the gold, are they going back to pur- chase the liberty which they could met get or consider they could not get hheve ia this country? ' Of @ total of 805,928 immigrant altens admitted during the fiscal year 1921, the records show that 660,971 were admitted through the Port of New York, and of 247,718 emigrant alfens leaving the United States, 203,- 041 departed from this port. ‘ wmne importance of the question of Smmigration and emigration to the (City and State of New York may be realised by the knowledge that 263,64) Immigrants declared their intention of making New York their permanent residence, the second largest num~- wer going to Pennsylvania, which got sek, §=Massachusetts got 64,053, Minols 48,358, Ohio 48,923, New Jer- @ey 48,117, and California 48,242. Of those who departed 12,626 were residents of New York, 84,171 from Pennsylvania, 30,007 from Ohio, 17,652 from Illinois, 15,758 from Massachu- setts, 18,378 from California and 14,369 fom New Jersey. Alien enigrants, equal in number to the eatire population of the City of ‘Troy, or over half as many as the total population of Bridgeport, left New York last year to take up their permanent residence outside of the United States. Only two cities in the State of New ‘York—Buffalo and Rochester—have a greater number of residents than the mumber who emigrated from this country last year. True, it may be, that for every one who left the country, three or four came in with every intention of re- maining here as permanent residents, but nevertheless we must agree that the loss of thousands and thousands of revenue producing men and women {s worthy of considerable attention from every one in the city Interested in its future growth and prosperity. ‘The men and women who went away last year were of no particular yack or creed. Every nationality, ereed and color shown on the list of alien immigrants was included in the Mat of alien emigrants. Did the present or former occupation of the aliens, who came in or went out, have By Major Joseph Caccavajo @onsulting Engineer and Expert on Population and Statistics of tha | City of New York. Copyright, 1999, (New York Evening World) by Press Publishing Co. auything to do with thelr coming or geing? Seemingly not. ‘Why is it that the nationals of seven or eight countries are going away in Tuch greater numbers than aliens from these same countries are arriv- ing here? Why are we now getting larger numbers from some countries than we admitted in the years of greatest inward flow before the World Wart How are we to find employ- ment for a quarter of a million new residents in lines of wor, which their Previous training makes them best fitted to do? These and bundreds of other questions which are obvi- ously connected with tte whole prob- lem cannot be disregarded because after all is said and done, adding sev- eral hundred thousand people to the population of even the biggest city in the world, is bound to have consid- erable influence upon the lives of every man, woman and child in the city. President Harding has approved the action of Congress continuing the wo-called 8 per cent. restriction of for- eign immigration for another two years, In this connection figures which have just been made public in the 1921 annual report of the Com- missioner General of Immigration, showing the occupations of resident aliens who departed from New York to take up their permanent residence in other lands and incoming aliens from out side of the United States who on entering declared their in- tention of making New York their place of abode in the future, should be of considerable interest at this time. In the compilation of these figures non-immigrants and non-emigrants are not considered. The United States authorities have ruled immit- Srant aliens are arriving aliens whose Permanent domicile has been outside of the United States and who intend to reside permanently in this country. Departing aliens whose Permanent residence has been in the United States and who intend to reside per- manently abroad are classified as emi- Srant aliens. Those making tempo- rary visits In elther direction, as al- ready stated, are not included in the conelusions or statistical in this article, seNeel get Much has been written and said about the number and various nation- alities of immigrants, but there has been little information published ‘cov- ering the former training and occupa- tions of the people who are entering our ports with the declaration that they intend to become permanent resi - dents of this country. With this in mina, it would seem that actual figures and facts as to the occupations and previous means of ob- taining a livelihood of our alien immi- rants should be of special interest, especially at this time when every agency at our command is striving to obtain employment for those who are already here and when the problems growing out of the immigration re- striction laws are becoming more seri- ous every time a ship arrives from Europe with prospective candidates tor American citizenship. Comparison of immigration and emj- gration statistics show that in the Professional classifications, including actors, architects, clergy, editors, elec- triclans, engineers (professional), law- yers, literary and scientific persone, musicians, physicians, sculptors and teachers and other profession- 5,400 were admitted declaring in- tended residence in New York as com- pared to 1,551 departing former resi- dents, Of these, 387 actors came in and 139 went out; 806 clergy entered, Miss Of 805,228 Who Entered This Country Last Year, 560,971 Landed at This 'Port—Of 247,718 Who Departed 203,941 Left via New York. . 185 left; professional engineers, 585 in and 116 out; musicians, 420 in and 109 out; teachers, 1,182 came here to live and 184 quit us for permanent resi- dence in foreign lands. In the skilled occupations those clas- sifications with over one thousand coming to New York as permanent residents show: Bakers, 1,182; barbers and hairdressers, 1,575; carpenters and Joiners, 8,264; clerks and accountants, 6,838; dressmalers, 4,986; mariners, 3,964; masons, 2,034; seamstresses, 2,587; shoemakers, 8,948; tailors, 5,797. No single classification. with the exception of clerks and a nt- ants, which had 1,182, exoeeded 500 among those who left New York, the carpenters with 483 and tatlors with 427 being second and third in the lat of departing emigrants, The total tm- migrants {np skilled class was 50,102, and New York emigrants was 5, In the miscellaneous classifications 37,620 New York laborers departed and 49,123 laborers came in; 85,237 serv- ants came in and 2,566 left. The next largest number was 7,578 farm labor- ers admitted, to 227 of this classifica- tion departing. Farmers showed 4,693 admitted, to 1,798 going away. The total in the miscellaneous clas- sifications was 112,883 immigrants to 46,199 emigrants. Those having no occupation, Including women and children 7,225 arrivals to numbered 97 18,624 departing, with a grand total Of 263,640 persons who cams from foreign lands to live in New York, compared to 72,626 of our residents who left, with the declared intention of returning no more, indicating a net increase in population dun to excess of immigration over emigration of 191,014 There oan be no doubt that the chief consideration which influenced National Government to restrict !m- migration is the claim made by the exponents of restrictive legislation that the chief danger entailed by un- restricted {mmigration not 80 much in the social and racial evils whioh ere so often and vehemently enlarged upon by many speakers and writers, but ig the industrial fields where the continuous arrival of large numbers of unskilled laborers as well as thousands of workm lines of trade, who come ¢ tries where living con 48 much inferior to what they are liere, not only lowers the average rate of our les, Wages but tends to lower the stand- ard of living among wage earners gen- erally. It is quite universally conceded that approximately 80 per cent of the aliens who come here remain as resi- dents of one of the five boroughs of the City of New York. With this as @ basis it is fair to estimate that con- siderably over 210,000 tmmigrant aliens became residents of the city last year. Deducting for those who omigrated op the same basis would indicate a clear gain of nearly 158,009 in population by reason of foreign immigration. For awhile, at least after they ar- rive in this country, those who come here from moat foreign countries are r own kind t is for this reason that inclined to seek th and there are localities in t ty where Italian, Russian, Yidd Hungarian, Polish, Slovenian, Greek, Armenian, Turkish, \HEBREW 73,825 { 318 WENT BACK Chinese, Ukraintan and other lan- guages are even more common than our own, Many jorganizations have been formed within the past few years, especially since the war, seeking to Americanize the newly arrived aliens and to further the spread of a pro- gramme which wil! spell ONE FLAG, ONE COUNTRY and OND LAN- GUAGE, It would seem that having admitted these people to share these things which we as Americans have been privileged to enjoy, we should first help them to secure employment so that along with instructions in True Americanism they may become nelf respecting and 4 zens of our city an f-supporting citi- A carefi! f the former oe upations ‘ live, as v e ca year with the declaration that they | IMMIGRATION AND EMIGRATION To and From New York in 1921. Immigrant aliens declaring tm. tention of remaining in New York and emigrant aliens heving last permanent residence in New York: | CAME IN. WENT OUT. 4,780. African (black) . 400 | 3,165 Armenian . 198 oe will hereafter take up thelr perma- nent residence in some other country, should be helpful to those who «re 80 enthusiastically endeavoring to the allen immigrants. It will be some few months before the figures for the full under operation of the 8 per cent. legislation are available, and there is every reason to believe that there will be some startling changes in the make-up of the peoples who enter, #0 far as occupations are concerned New York City, more than any place else in the country, has to meet such changes as ooour both in immigration help year riction z $38 288 ad Ns (Rusaniak, Scandinavian, (Nor- 6,308.wegian, Dane, Swede) Scotch Slovak Spanish ee and emigration, and the influence Spanish American, 8 upon our housing and general eco 830 omic conditions presents one of the 238 36 st serious problems of the man which this clty is ronted 8 yint eur, practically all f which require immediate and in- —— telligent solution. )