The evening world. Newspaper, September 21, 1920, Page 18

© [Pebuaned Dany ‘ase Prose Pubtishion Except by the a Company, Nos. 52 tw08 Park Row, New York. RALPH PULATRER. President, 05 Park Row, J, ANAUR SHAW. Park Row. PULATERN, Jp. Beeretary. 63 Park Row, - 4 MEMBER OF THR ASSOCIATED Pryor, hg or ren Rec oe Sates ee . THE GOVERNOR AS A LEADER. ‘pb .. of the pressing need for housing relief before Oct. 1, The Evening World pointed out last week that : “Tenants must place their faith in some one— in this case Goo. Smith—and give unanimous ‘he support to the programme he adtocates.” The Governor's message to the Special Session justifies such an exercise of faith. He has covered the ground completely and ably. It may be that others may have suggestions of equal merit, but no other programme which offers = $0 much will have a chance of adoption, From now (intil the essentials of this relief and “construction legislation are written into law, the ten- ams shopld stand solidly with the Governor and exert all the powé of their voting influence in sup- a port of the programme. “3 ©" It will prove wiser not to reach for Utopia when b $0 much concrete and immediate benefit seems at- : fainable by‘ concerted action. a SWEET WRONG AGAIN. GAIN Speaker Sweet is wrong. In order to “save his face” the Speaker presumes to issue what amounts to a certificate of “* character to the Socialist Party. The party, according to the Speaker, has re- formed and has “Americanized” itself. He is wrong. The Socialist Party is no less ob- jectionable to-day than it was last January. Its creed is as false, Its leadership is as auto- = SE cratic and domineering. It is as little deserving of ‘ +4 the support of American voters as it ever was. Its gandidates are as undesirable*as representa- tives as they ever were. Voters will be no less mistaken in supporting Socialist candidates next ¥ November than they were last November, c The five districts. made the mistake of sending . five Socialists as representatives, In a democracy the voters have the right and privilege to make mis- takes and to lecrn from those mistakes, This is the ; only question at issue. eit Speaker Sweet was wrong in causing the ousting ‘ “of the five Socialists. * He is correct in recognizing their rights now. But when he turns apologist for © the Socialist Party he is wrong again. g y * Fortunately the people haye formed their own & opinion of the Speaker's judgment. They regis- Be tered this opinion at the polls. His effort yesterJay an , saves neither his face nor the Socialist Party. FOR EMERGENCY ONLY. : N ONE form or another, tax exemption is one of i ; the most frequently recommended stimulants of building. As a practical expedient, tax exemption promises results, emption of realty, whether on mortgages or on new construction, could not be indefinitely prolonged without conflicting with generally accepted theories of taxation, It is generally agreed that a heavier tax should be _ .\ laid om “unearned incomes” than on “earped in- "© comes.” Most of the returns from mortgages and rents coristitute “unearnéd income.” One of the most valld objections to our present income tax is that it does not distinguish between the income of the professional dr businéss man and the “coupon- at clipper.” Therefore it should be clearly borne in mind that any tax exemptions should be TEMPORARY and i ca limited to a DEFINITE TERM OF YEARS. ‘ Y ee Relief by exemption should be regarded more as ‘ a subsidy for service in the present emergency, Such H “ exemptions would be more desirable if they were ot regarded as taxes collected and then returned. In this way their character’ as a subsidy for immediate relief wouki be more manifest. Of course, it would be foolish to go to the ex- pense of collection and distribution, and if the TEMPORARY character of the exemptions is made i clear, the desired and desirable end will be achieved without turning public opinion in the direction of n of “unearned income,” HOM. RULE MOTOR LICENSES. HIEP MAGISTRATE M'ADOO recommends ‘ home rule licensing of those who drive auto- mobiles in New York City. oo This 18 man‘fesiiy « common-sense suggestion for wr» Making city sueeis safer for both pedestrians and ,, Motorists. As a practical matter, every one knows that driving in crowded city streets is entirely dif- ** ferent and infinitely more complicated than driving + ge OF Country toads and in country villages, pe would bo entirely reasonable | However, it should be borne in mind that tax ex- been niia in New York City would be, and are, onerous and unreasonable in the up-State section. Home rule licensing would provide an easy and satisfactory solution for a problem which has always vexed the Legislature. No single standard of driving ability can be required all over the State without leaving New York City practically unprotected and rural drivers unreasonably burdened. The State would be unwilling to release the reve- nue derived froni licensing New York drivers, This might easily be adjusted by providing that all re- ceipts over the expense of administration should go to the State. Arrangements for a special combined license for driving in both up-State and urban districts would be comparatively simple. . ~ In rapid-transit regulation the Legislature has reo- ognized the special problems of the city by creating two Public Service Commissions, Why not for motor transit? WHAT NO LIES CAN CONCEAL, Rate wis an impressive scene in Paris yes- terday the meaning of which no intelligent American can miss. In a boundary dispute which had developed to the point of actual warfare, Poland and Lithuania agreed to suspend hostilities and accept mediation, Lithuanian delegates shook hands with Polish delegates, and both sides expressed full confidence ‘in the mediator. Wha or what was this mediator that put an early end to the Polish-Lithuanian war and brought the representatives of both nations into cordial agree- ment to arbitrate their differences? The mediator was the Council of the LEAGUE OF NATIONS constituted and established under the Peace Treaty signed at Versailles June 28, 1919, NOT The Hague Tribunal or any other associa- tion of nations, past or future—but the ACTUAL, PRESENT, EXISTING LEAGUE OF NATIONS FUNCTIONING AS A PARTNERSHIP OF THIRTY-SEVEN ENLIGHTENED PEOPLES to provide the civilized world with stronger safeguards against war. ‘ The same day Finland recognized the arbitral function of the Council of the League of Nations as applying to the Aland Islands dispute, reserving only the right to decide whether there shall be held the plebiscite which Sweden urges. All this was ONE DAY'S WORK of the WORK- ING LEAGUE OF NATIONS—the same League of Nations which the Republican candidate for’the Pres- idency of the United States tried to bury on Aug. 28 fast as’ a pitiful corpse “abandoned by Europe,” “utterly impotent as a preventive of war,” “unable to survive a single test.” No sooner had Senator Harding denounced the League completely off the planet than Elihu Root established, or helped to establish, an international court which could not exist without it. ‘ And now the League insists upon going about its business of preventing or arresting wars with a suc- cess that no human being can concoct lies enough to conceal. More thunderclaps over the porch, Prof. Goddard, who wants to rocket his way to the moon, confesses that he will need money to construct the rocket, Prof. Goddard is respectfully referred to the G. 0. P. treasurer's headquarters staff, who will be open to engagement after Nov. 4. Their motto is to “Step On It, Boys, Get the Money.” ' DEPENDING ON THE CHFMISTS. N CHEMISTRY and the Chemical Industry lies the future of American industry. In the Chemical Exposition now being held there is much of interest. But the greater interest lies in the promise of fulure developments, To an extent which the average citizen fails to realize, American business 's going ahead on faith. American business men cannot see the way out, but they are depending on the chemists to guide them out of the blind lane into which they are heading. Take the field of fuel and power. America is in- creasingly dependent on the internal combustion engine. Already the demand for explosive fuels is SO great that the reserves of centuries are being drawn from the ground to supply current needs of a decade, Skilled geologists are able to forécast a diminution of the supply unless some new factor enters, That is where America depends on the chemists. As the problem becomes more imperative more minds will be turned to its sowution, Sooner or later a synthetic fuel will become a practical reality. American business men and American chemists do not know what it will be, but they have faith that it will be found. As in the case of explosive fuels, so too in a hun- dred other lines. We are using up raw material Supplies are limiled, but that makes no differenc: for we depend on the chemist to find a substitute before the supply dwindles to nothing. An optimistic note is evident at the Chemical Ex- position, Considering the strides made in recent history of the Industry, the country has a firm foun- dation for its faith, [FROM EVENING WORLD READERS || t gives you the worth of a thou There is fine mental exercise to say much in a few words. A Growing Protest. ‘Te the WAitor of The Brening Work The remarkable appeal published in the London Timps by H. G. Wells, Sir Philip Gibbs, Sir Gilbert Murray, Gen, Sir Hubert Gough ghd ot eminent Englishmen against the cently enacted Coercion Act gives Nivetration of the errors of military repreasion and orutality that even Belgium was never torced to endure 1 believe that the conscience of country la deeply moved and [heartily welcome the proposed Vvestigution o¢ Irish affairs that Nation is about to undertake, ‘The fact that the Labor Party protested against this tyranny dtaanded MuoSwiney's release; that Asquith and the Liberal nows- |papers, and The London Times and many Unionists are doing the sarne, ought to prove enligutening, Viore hurdly ever hag been so large und Important a body of English public opinion arrayed against the Govern- ment, Surely these men can hardly be accused of trying to blacken thelr country’s fame. We may discount all news from pro-Irish sources, anc considering only the impressive and growing protest, reprewentative of Jevery English polition! group, find jample Justification to add our protust theirs against these iniqii ten ei Sy: JOHN M. BGAN New York, Sept. 19, 1920. “Internationn to Ite Meat Sense, ‘To the Extivor of The Breoing World Please tell me, isn't the League of Nations an international organ tion? ‘The Hearst newspapers cal it pro-Engtish aod this puazles me for whe find po country or nation more than the others, Some newspapers 1 « of Nations was made English statesmen. I thought the whole world was represented. Am | right or wrong? Resides, will you please tell me. what difference it makes who made the covenant as Jong as it ts @ good thing Uiat car help to improve the world? H. b. HANS 2119 Hughes Avenue, Sept. 17, wil in uh has and and fayored say that the by 20 y in The Eve. ry arta, ‘To the tatitor of The Evening Workd Will you kindly cay tie an obtain @ ais ne * of the as to the League of Najtons and . Or at least, a copy of trem? fa ne, As @ partly disabled veteran late, popular war, Cam for the Let and T want to be thoroughly p jon its points, particularly Art and the one pertaining to ¢ England's plurality of votes, as I come in dally contact with unbeliey- able ignorance and prejudice toward the covenant displ by | voters. 1 must compliment you on your de- fense of the League, though | do wish that you would undertake a broader campaign of education so that the jMyeller streak” element of “freemen” voters Will “snap toto” tholy respons eligible I road the covenant I can} What kind of letter do you find most readable? Isn't it the one sand words in a couple of hundred? and a lot of satisfaci.on in trying Take time to be brief. j ibility to thar children, thelr Nation | and humanity at lange, FRANKLIN HOLTJE. 128 32d Street, Woodcliff-on-Hud son, N. Jd | y Have Said So, aing World: Your editorial in yesterday's issue found fault with Mr. Harding for ex- pressing the thought that “assimila | bility’ should be the test for admis- | don of immigrants, 1 should like t | oring to your attention the fuct tha Mr, Harding must hay al more the Japanese in mind when be spoke. It woutd # to me that he meant clearly to ey the question of admitting to this codntry persons who carry with them the dos that they are’ still a race er a nation within this nation, Think this over, and maybe you will comprehend ‘what every loyal American understands Mr, Harding to mean MOWBRAY WHITE, D, D. c Brooklyn, N. ¥., Sept. 17, 1920. “The News m Vatne ‘To the Biitor of The Breoing World You were fatr enough to print my letter of the 7th inat, dissenting, as it did, from the conclusions arrived Jat by you In your otherwise specious ond editorial ntitie Puny Americans.” To-night’e iseue, how- ever, has a letter from an individual who wigns himself F, H. Allen. Hie statements are incoherent and ramb ing. Inferentially he puts me in the clasy of what he terms ‘hy- {phenates” | The fact that I am of “Angio- 8 in’ ‘ent should not ken or emasculate the force of my state- ments, I declaggd in that letter, and I now repeat ft, that after voting for-nigh fifty years for Democratic candidates my conscience constrains me is year to vote for Senator Harding." Not only myself, but al! the members of my household. The present administration is mor | intent on plunging this country inte the yortex of Interminable Buropran and Asiatic wars than trying to bring mbout normal conditions in our own country, This country has grown great, populous and rich because It has ‘sedulously avoided entangling alliances. Has F. H. Allen heard the news from Maine? ‘The upheaval in that State unmistakab!y foreshadows what wil) happen in November all over the country GEORGE_V. BRYANT New York, Sept. 17, 1920 Passed With a Joker ‘To the Tatiuer of ‘The Brening World Did not the Board of Aldermen last year pass @ law preventing profiteer ne by moving van owners? Last September L was charged $10 for ¢ load of furniture moved to a storage warehouse, The charge to- day is $46 for the same lond going the sume distance back. This is @ slight Vadyanco of 880 per vent. If there if Inanee preventing thy (ilove « ninge bs - a ‘ Primer of the League of Nations ! By Richard Linthitum Thia Primer of the League ©: Nations, in the form of @ cate- chiam, ba not intended to be an ure gument, but an erplanation. The first inataiment herewith treats of the purposca of the League, the nature and character of its authority, how derived and the limits thereto; the dif . between a Leqoue ond a Fede tion or a superstate, with some his torical facts concerning the draft. ing and adoption of the Covenant, Question—What is the League of Nations? Answer—An organization composed of self-governing nations, dominions and colonies that have made and rat ified @ covenant (mutual promise, agreement) in the interest of world peace and just dealings between pa- Uons, Q.—What are its specific pwr poses? \) A—They are set forth ina preamble to the Covenant, Reduced to sim- plest terms they are! To promote co-operation betweea nations and to bring about world peace and security (1) by agreeing not to resert to wary (2) by making rules for open, fuer and honorable relations between aa- tions; (a) by establishing international law ns the actual rule of conduct among governments, and (4) by maintaining justice im, all | dealings and a thorough respect" to: |all treaty obligations, | Q.-What is the importance ef | 7 » * UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake- (Copyright 020, thy John Binke.) THE MAN WHO QUITS. Starting is easy enough. a mounta The French Canal, started They had monéy and engineering ability. Any man can start to remove to build the Panama But it was the Americans who built the canal, Most people make many starts in life. to be allowed at least three starts. Anybody ought It usually requires that many to diseover what you are fitted for. But once you have made the last start you must stick or lose. Thousands of young men now in the college will spend their lives making starts, and getting no further, Even with their better training and their opportunity for finding out what they can do, they will not succeed. But a very fair percentage of them once they start, will keep at it, whether your profession is the law or medi- cine or engineering or literature. And because they will keep going after they start they will win, Mark Twain, who at his death was the foremost man in American letters, made several starts—the first as a pilot —a calling at which he would have succeeded, But he knew that piloting was not a career. \ His other starts were failures, He was physically lazy, and his associates believed that because he would do no hard work, he would prove worthless, But when he undertook to write he stuck to it, and it soon developed that his laziness was only pt sical. He had tremendous mental energy, and it carried him to great success, He was not very successful at first, but he stuck to lit- erature with tne reslt that every man who reads knows well, The park benches and the poorhouses are peopled with quitters, All of them have started at something or other, most of them with high hopes of success, . But when they found that Itfe was difficult, they lost their nerve and quit, Don't put too much value on the start, or build too much confidence on it, Remember anybody can art any- thing. Keeping at it steadily, through hard times and good, through discouragement as well as encouragement, will enable you to finish where you are entitled to finish. Nothing is easy that is worth while, But keep at any- thing, provided it is capable of accomplishment, and you Don't will make headway, and win success, But keep at it, be content with a start, even if it is a good one, eennnnnnnnnmnnnmannnnnnnmnnnnennnmnnnnnene _ id it mot be advisable to inform Department of Justice about these isa? indly Inform me thr umns of the Evening paper I have read for tv wou th nty years, STORAGE. Hardships of the Job. ‘To the Halvor of The Evening World It “EB. B. A." thinks it requires no brain or brawn to pull a bell cord apd ring up the fares, the Job ts open to him if he wants to: make a change. How would he Itke to swing around some of the human avalanches Who insist on standing on the run- 1 of a crowded open trolley Jocsing Clevated piMara and motor trucks, hours? 1 would also like to ask him if he wishes either to stay in his bed until his office job pulls him out of his slumber at probably 7.30 or later, or would he like to rise at 4 A. M. and go out In some of the blinding snow storms and freezing mornings we had last winter and work until 6 or 7 o'clock in the evening and not get home until & Let him do that for seven days a week year in and year out, then he will probably say it re quires not only brain and brawn but 00 per cent. man-power and grit. especially during rush JOHN T, HOGAN, Jefferson Avenue, Brooklyn Hop, 15, 1920, the preamble as related tu the Cov. enant itself? | A—The preamble in the key to the | Covenant; Mf states the objects to be | accomplished; all grants of power in | the Covenant must be interpreted in {accordance with tho preamble, jus. As the grants of power in the Con- stitution of the United States aro interpreted in accordance with the Preamble to that great document. Q.—W hat és the Covenant? A.—It ip the Constitution of the League; {t contains the grants of authority te act and provides and defines the methods of carrying ou the purposes of the preamble, Q.—Does the League constitute @ | Federation of Nations or a super- state—a government superior to and with power over all govern- ments? A.—No. T ague is limited to the purposes defined preamble, It is hot a federation, bul an association oF nations, its * ond functions a bared upon mutual promises and apres ments, exercied and carried out by nimota Consent, thus lacking warts trary, power to constrain or iimit gov- | ernments as would be necessary to con- stitute @ superstate. Q.—Does the ratification of the Covenant by a nation involve the surrender of that nation’s aov- | ereignty? The soversignty of ¢ 4 only affected to the extent t in affected ‘by any treaty of Hitration, of which the United ates has many; Not to any greater xtent than an individual+wuld sur- lyender his itberty and honor by |egreeing to perform his part of a proper mutual act. The Covenant of jthe League contains no graat of au thority Whatever over the domestic, internal affairs of any nation, Q.—Under what ctroumstances was the League formed and the Covenant written? A—The League was formed at the Peace Conference which made the Treaty of Peace with Germany, known as the Versailles Treaty, The Covenant is ‘Part J. of that treaty ‘The Covenant was drafted by & m cial committee appointed by delegates of all the nations rep sented at the Peace Conference. (Th delegates, including experts, num- bered about 500 persons.) It was adopted by unanimous agreement, The Peace Conference met on Jan . 1919. The Covenant was formally adopted at a plenary session April 28, 1919, three months and alxteen days later, although the Peace Treaty including the Covenant was mot signed unt] June Y, 1919. The Treaty was submitted to the Senate of the United States on July 10, 1919, which finally refused to ratify it on Maroh 9, 1820. ‘The Senate took nearly five months longer to debate the Covenant and reject It than the delerates to the Pence Conference took to frame and adopt It Q—Is the League actualy in existence? A.—Yeu. It ts a “going concern,” or- ganizing its Commissions and other bodies, and has already taken action én cases that threatened the peace of tha world. Q.—What is its membership? A.—Thirty-nine nations are now members, including those originally named at the Paris Peace Confer- }ence and all the neutral nations in- vited to join. : Q.—Are alt of the Aled and Ae- soclated Powers in the late war againat the Teutonlc Central Posp- ers now members? A.-All except two: Russie, the | government of which has not’ Seen recognized by any nation, and the United States of America. | (The next instalment of the Primer of the League wilt take the Covenant, article by artiolay 2) t\ t f ra ile y