The evening world. Newspaper, October 23, 1919, Page 28

Ms BP a basis of costs of necessiti r peo- ‘ead Therefore, al! employees of the | pie wore not as well off ry they’eaa wholesale and retail stores whose [been when they made their agree- Baoan ig ¥, Aa ago basis of distribution?” | asked, ban Le co October 14, 1919. early in replied Mr, ss Marshall Field & Company. Corley, “We gave the matter yery ~yemor ‘eervative concerns in the United States which has never taken up any ee . y high cost of living has decreased th; = Purchasing power of the dollar and ) Segerest which was disclosed by the "99 gignagement to me to-day: hae D va « pe eyns) Pet distribution, It might be well to 4 a the various profit-sharing plan, peliiy |e bonus of $1,500,000 will be dls-| nich have been tried and aro in ee 4 only to employees of the re- | peration in various enterprises, and wholesale departments in| (Certainly there is multiplicity of ~ them. jome are quite alluring and and the members of the of: | thers are utterly impracticable as THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1919 Marshall Field Plan si Increases Pay of Clerks To Meet High Costs ~Corporation Will Distribute $1,500,000 Christmas Bonus Among 18,000 Retail and Whotesale Clerks Who Receive $2,500 or Less, Who Have Been in Employ Since July 1, 1919; Prospective Trouble Did Not Prompt the Bonus, Say Officials. -@ne of the First Corporations to Instal Welfare Work; All Salary Arrangements Are Made With Individual Employees; Willing to Consider Co- an operative Plan If Practical One Is Developed. 4 The Beening World to-day prints the first article of a sericea deal- fag With Profit Sharing and Co-operative Plans of dig companies of the country which are working on the problem of industrial unrest, Phe articles are written by Martin Green, a staff correspondent of The BDoening World, after a thorough investigation. The experiments are wholly diferent in scope and application and should prove of interest fe all employers and employees. By Martin Green ~ (Spec Oupuright, 1919, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New York Rvening World.) GHICAGO, Oct. 23.- ‘The retail merchandising world was considerably shaken a few days ago when Marshall Field & Co., the great Chicago depart- ‘went store, announced that the sum of $1,500,000 would be distributed to employees in the shape of a Christmas bonus. ry Inasmuch as the house of Marshall Field & Co. is one of the most con- ef the modern co-operative plans, and the yearly bonus system has been declared by all experts in co-operative store and factory management to be unsatisfactory and a trouble zy ag breeder, The Evening World inves: tigated at first hand the causes thal inspired this tremendous Christmas cago in the United States and abroad who receive salaries of $2,500 a year or less, The factory employees will also receive a bonus, but that will be in addition to the $1,600,000 pres- ent, which is the subject of this article. There were 10,166 employces at wotk in the big twelve-story retail department store in State Street to-day and about 2,500 in the wholesale establishment a few blocks away in the warehouse district of the city. In the rush season the total number of employees in the retall, and wholesale departments has} reached 18,000, but that total will not be reached this year. There is a searcity of clerks in Chicago and in every other city in the country. It wit be impossible for the big stores to get a sufficient number of clerks to handle the holiday busi- ness, which will be unprecedented, ADMITS BONUS SYSTEM HAS BEEN DENOUNCED, Mr, Corley, at the outset of our in- terview, suid he was aware that George W. Perkins and other ploneer advocates of profit sharing, as well ae practically all the professional ex- perts who devise profit sharing ana! co-operative achemes, had denounced | the bonus system as a trouble making makeshift, But, he added, the Mar- shall Field store is in a class by itself, “We were one of the first,” sald Mr, Corley, “to install welfare work in our store, and the comfort and well-being of our employees has always been the concern of the management. We be- lieve there is no pleasanter or more helpful establishment of the kind in existence. We have never had any trouble in the business, and it was not the prospect of ‘trouble that prompted us to distribute a bonus last year. ‘ “We pay our salespeople according | to the work they do. You would be surprised if I told you the salarics that many of our high class sales- women and salesmen receive. Many bank presidents and corporation presidents and other highly paid spe- Clalists would be tempted to change Places with them were we to make| public the amounts we pay to many Of our employees engaged solely in salesmanship, “Our salary arrangements are made with the individual employees, We do not bargain with unions. Ours is an open shop. Our salary arrange ments are made on a basis of pix months or twelve months, PURCHASING POWER OF THE DOLLAR 18 CUT DOWN “Early in 1918 the management sa that the high cost of living had griev, ously cut into the purchasing power of the dollar. We saw that on the n developed that Mar- \ ghall Field & Co. is not committed to the bonus system of keeping em- ployees satisfied and thereby main- taining an efficient and productive ing staff. The bonus system was ) last year of a conviction on the — of the management that the _) that the employees were entitled to matia) division of the profits in order to +8 ‘equalize to some extent the gap be- eween their pay ang its purchasing > pewer. Ip December, 1918, the firm dis- “tributed $1,500,000 to employees. ‘Phe distribution appeared to bring "satisfactory results, and the cost of ““Yiving having maintained its high level it was decided to give up & _{ioatmilar bonus this year. The follow- “pc Sag brief notice postedsin the store 8 @iitlines the plan, but back of the * gatice there is considerable of in- NOTICE TO EMPLOYEES. For the year 1918 we paid extra eompensation td our employees. ~ phis extra compensation was al- lewed in addition to wages pala entirely independent o SONNERY “existing arrangement be- + tween the company and em- ployees. 2" he plan affected employees of Awboth the wholesale and retail stores receiving up to $2,500 total §mcome per year. * This distribution was made be- eause of the high cost of living eaused by war conditions and ‘wae not based upon any percent- age, but upon our opinion of the ws value of the service of the indi- ‘vidual employee participating in wach allowance. .. Because we believe that the eonditions which induced the dis- ‘tribution last year have not yet Ne removed, in spite of the oy angber level of wages established ’ bie “ance last year, We have decided to repeat in the same manner this ‘year substantially what we did fast year. my SAME DISTRIBUTION WILL - BE MADE THiS YEAR. ments with us, Through our depart- ment managers and assistant depart ment managers we went into the cases of all employ: earning $2,500 a year and under and reached an understanding as to what amount would be required to enable them to meet the increased costs of home maintenance,” “How did you reach yo term of service began prior to Serouduly 1, 1919, and who are still in ur employ at the end of this year sod whose total commpensa- eam ton is not over $2,500 per annum, “25 will be included in the distribu- tion. Payment will be made in month r percent- careful consideration and determined that the most equitable plan was to put the money where it would do the eel, D. Corley, assistant general manager of the retail department owt: Marshall Field & Co., explained | most good to the recipient. Length the causes of the bonus and the plan|of service counted. Some — were more deserving than others. We are pretty close to our employees and I don't think we made many mistakes, “This year we found that the cost of living had not declined, and al- though we bad readjusted our wage and salary schedules—always deal- ing, a8 I have said, with individual smployees—the incréased burden had kept pace with the increased in- comes, UNABLE TO DISCOVER A BET- TER SYSTEM. “Then we set to work to look into Bay at the beginning that the Mar- @hall Field & Co. house is not only a retailer and wholesaler but a manu- ‘® ‘Macturer, with many cotton and fab- wf and knitting mills scatterea \y@eroughout the country and with nu- )-@merous offices in Great Britain, : and in the Far East, i GO ONLY TO MEN oF } SMALLER SALARIES. iia The Round, Baby-Face Woman Is Sure of PROF. SIMON N, PATTEN’S HYPOTHESIS The Round-Face Woman Is Broad-Hipped and Makes Flesh Rather Than Bone—Men Prefer Her Type—She Marries Success The Long-Face Man Has Mental and Moral Control The Man With the Long, Nervous Face Possesses Initiative; Is Not Gov- erned by Tradition and Refuses to Accept De- | THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23 The “Good Old Times" Cannot Compare with Our Present-Day Comfort The “Young” Old Men Can Recall the Days of the Thick Red Flannels That liched Your Back, the Harsh, Coarse-Ribbed Socks That Old Maid Aunts Gave Away,and of Being Chased to Church Three Times on Sunday — Give Us the Days of the Present, They Chorus. By Charles Mortimer Copyright, 191%, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New York ening World.) Early and Raises Many Children—She Is the Fa- voriteof Mother Nature. feat—Springs From a Which Makes Race Height and Vigor. fellow will let about the “good old time w and | VPRY once in a while some old ) telephones nor comfortable trolleys, out a squawk |Mor elevated roads, and the saloons er heated with big stoves kept red hot, and the street lamps on the cor- sigh and groan because things “ain’t|}ners flickered with yellow gas and they wuz In OUR day.” went out entirely in a wet, driving " : . ehta | Stle of snow. Dear old-timer, you are right And you didn’t wear warm afik right as @ trivet! And you ought to] underwear and silk socks. Thick red huld up your hands and thauk your|fannel that itched your skin and stars that you are living and HAVE|Made you back up against sharp been livin, your life in greater comfort, eating better food, cluthed in tiner raiment, better housed, warmer in winter and for the very best part of ; corners of mantelpieces and edges of doors a hundred times a day and scratch and itch jike a “Hielander* blessing the Duke of Argyle for his 1 Staff Correspondent of The Evening World.) | to our business. Unable to _—— 2 eee Pere ied cert a nen annem PUR fh ACN ARN th Rien ee Setar ninemsn tonnes nena ae oe cern nai with luxuries and conv itching posts. How would you like to wear a pair of those harsh, thick, "blue, ¢ ribbed stockings that dream of ap Arabian night, your grandmother down in New Jer- Go to! you dear old frauds and| Sey used to knit for you | every humbugs, “with your drooling and|Christinas. Hey, how about it? yapping and sighing. You really} And, bow about those thick, bard don't mean what you say—" ther “waterproof” boots that you me the ud ole times |used ‘to “stomp” around in in the Maybe your job just sort of got on|three-foot snows and that took main your nerv or you've cout an old letter of your mother that] srabbin and toe, with one leg you've saved reverently through the| “cr knee of the other, and years; or you've been thinking of|Wrenching and pulling and snarling Thanksgiving Day coming along and| and bu with rage—you badn’t your old home crowd around the| learned to cuss, then, at least, when table, all now scattered and gone, and | Your dad wag around you tried to when turkeys were 14 cents a pound; Yank the damned things off your and your dad was paying for them, | Swollen feet Well, now, let's see if we can fix| And how about drying the boots in you up with a dose of some of the| front of the kitchen and the good old things of the “good old| pan of jow to mes” that you've been _hollerin’ | sr pronour them. about and longing for and boring| thick and slimy, to snow every one with since you were fifty,| Water out? Yes, yes, sir, we know and the bair wore off on the top of} you'd like to coat your fine twenty- your a‘dollar shoes with the 4, and you couldn't find mussy old tal- belt long enough to reach around your |W around among your waist. | frie a'way—you lie, you Now, Jet's see. In the first place,|know you lie! i you didn’t have much money, did od old times! Good old nothin Hooked | Do you f [sist unknown then, and it hinted 4 E huve been thought the loud | H you? And when the world get how, when the servant dark and unfriendly, and all the| sit! had left, and you had to get down — other neighbors’ boy's were cating | to a-cold kitchen nnd start the fire SIR JOHN ston molasses taffy and sucking on black | ong with a couple o' bundles of \ w FOoRBEs— licorice — pronounced “likkerish” —| kindling wood and a scuttle of coal, \ i ROBERTSON sticks, and you couldn't wheedle any | Moving the big stone crock of pan- \ Ne © Sanony more pennies out of your ma, why,|¢ake dough aside and fill the kettle \ ae al then, you sneaked ali the rags for the coffee? And the cold dining New’ York Ledgers and Christian|raom and chilly halls? Don't you Heralds that were stacked in closets| think that electricity, gas cooking \ and sold them to the junkman, You] ranges and steam heat a lee-e-tle kae~--- \ don’t bave to sled as hard ag that a4 ‘i er tre Pi ey baer es now, do you? nd doesn’t the thirty-cent elgar weetier And you had to run errands—which | you light up after dinner taste bet- Qonve, you called “arrands’'—on Saturdays, | than the smoking beans that grew ese erento oe OER WORD: ¥8, | —====—====sT=_ ;When it was ball-playing time and] on te trees in your atrent, and that —————— A , nd kite-flying time, and your| You first learned to smoke on, or the control, The advanced jong faces| 1 couldn't help wondering, as I Was bitter so that you wanted | Yellow spotted, cabbagy Conhecticut come a-conquering from the fresh-| considered this ingenious exposition, and’ go to: #6 “Grabiolas" that you. bought when aired uplands, which make height,|why a round-faced woman married © were tragedies of boyhood,| you grew bigger? vigor, pure blood and purpose. |to @ long-faced man—quite accord-Iphen, there were good old win-| And how about getting chased to “Round faces belonged to the prim- Hid he eret © ste rin an th eye (ters bhaty Ararcads potece | nen hee vfs 4 i wn hi gt Ae : not have a family in which the boyS!ing and kept you frozen until nearly} cluding Sunday school; -wanta go itive men of the long-ago lowlands.| would inherit their mother round | Muytime al if you went over to|now? No, T guess not. It feels pretty ‘The round-faced man lacks init ative, | face and the girls thelr father's 1onf’ Brooklyn, you'd huddle up near to| Rood to roll over for another snoose is governed by tradition, and readily | !4ce, to the confusion of the idea) the stove, in the middle of the freez-| on Sunday morning, hunching up the Boetietia auucrdiantica” explolea: | long-faced women and round- ting car, with a Uppet over your ears, Blankets and a down quilt around se Brel 7 Q | ¢ are overcoat collar turned up, mittens on sack, drowsily listening to tion and poverty that comes with de-| scrap head, Accidents like that will Your hands and stamping your| crackling of the steam heat being feat, He suffers more from epidemics | happen in the most eugenic union. ‘numbed feet in the wet straw that| turned on by the janitor, way down and is a ready wetim of dissipati eel With this article appear pictures Of; was strewed on the floor, and shiv-| below, getting things nice and warm ; In civilized countric . his lack of | three round-fa known thejgred in your misery. And the con-|and comfortable on a snowy morn- earning power forces him into the | country over for magnetic love-| ductor would come in from the ng, or the kind when you wake wp slumg of the cities or into less fa Anthony J.| plat fay i TA SNES and hear the sleet rapping and sting- vored occupation in the ¢ v ughter of Mr. and! hanging like bayonets from the ed, against the windows 7 Against him an elimination is wor i uld and assuredly!of the roof and from his mustache,| And then, ‘round, say, 10 o'clock, ing that cuts him off in each genera- | the most attractive young! and put a shovelful of coal in the|or maybe 11, your wife brings in @ tion almost as fully as elimination| women who made her bow in/stove, which didn't have any effect|t with coffee and buttered toast ae3 THON COREE). JF works against the long-faced woman,” | } : I remember seeing ‘other than to make the inside of the| —¢ freo In, bed, you know, real old F marcr an For, if we accept Prof. Patten's in- | h the Goulds’ Fifth Avenue'car frostier and colder from his| Turk in a harem style, eh? And, on M i M teresting hypothesis, those women|home just before her marriage, andjsodden and jce-coyered hat and|such a morning in blessed 1919 do By arguerite Mooers arshall who were not equipped by Nature |{t seemed to me that fot once the] clothes. your memories go back and you hear Copyright, 1919, by The Prose Publishing Co, (The New York Evening World,) {with round physiognomies—the “doll|much overworked caption “beauti-| ‘There wasn't steam heat, the tall-| your dad call up: “Roys, T guess HAT’S in a face? face,” the y f popular | ful society girl’ was no misnomer. | est buildin 4 aire moriad ths vou'd Bae rere ang aren tee a J amilet's ere e ‘arra pI a stor ouse had je grate res to] snow o © sidews ‘or 16 cl A whole lot more than the usual complement of two eyes, & had amieya | . ereldine Farrar, prime donne, | Aator Ho es ne i and get them to a nose and a mouth, oving picture star and wife of Lo no ele folks!” jheat the rooms ric light nor Success, failure, popularity, loneliness, riches, | nunnery are all wrong, from|Tellegen, is one of the very few ¢ — — _ rq fame, poverty, obscurity, wifehood, moth 5 e) — the point of view of the race, and|round-faced women I have met whose i eh ct hy ey atoll a ae vealed rien potherhood, spinsterhood—all these | ihe Putt ine ‘they cannot compress |pulenritude ts illuminated with vic $HIGH COST OF SHOES FORCES CHICAGOANS good or bad gifts of fortune may be determined for each | (heir faces into saucor-like roundness | vaclous intelligence, an't help man and woman by the shape of his or her face, ace: ing to a most interesting scientific theory for which » for them. magazine is no Go | what Pr cover, Y, long-faced female, consider its ways |makes Prof. Simon N, Patten has stood sponsor, and despair, intimates Prof, Patten. | to me, Prof. Patten is the author of “The New Basis of| In his own words, “The frontispieces | and the Civilization,” “The Theory of Prosperity” and many | our magazines give us the round-| | One ¢ type of| the mot other profound and scholarly volumes. ced girls as the approved ty. His term of | feminine be: | As fo service as professor of economics of the Wharton School | he long: roman. is arin ‘ 1 > wy.| hipped and la yoned, Men distike | lon of Finance of the University of Pennsylvania has ex.|"{pped and Maree Ronen. Mi Seldon | ample tended over a long period of years. | marry her unless forced by economic | P Prof, Patten would be lean fac the last to claim that he| necessity, The r ene Se eR Sn sim: | ean he has quoted with smiling approval! , ee ae aes and business women, or if max ried usesulng the words of the familiar but anony- The man who would succeed | are the source of the much-discussed | chosen must have a long face. » suicide, mous milkmaid, who assured her , ; - in ttn . The woman wh ’ t The round-faced woman, ¢ “Kind sir” that "my face is my for-| 210° #uman reese ommust lother hand, ix broad-hipped and | tune”—and probably never realized @ round » tankes flesh rather than bone. Men “Long-faced men and round-faced Hamiet women are nature's fore-ordained prefer her to her long-faced sister She gets married early and brings up many children. So the tendency she was stating a scientific fact. But, by careful investigation and study of racial and individual psychology, | Winners,” the professor has declared. | \.°¢4 perpetuate her type, which i Prof. Patten has made the following| “The tall, nervous, long-faced man tly the favor of” Mother | deductions; has mo mental vigor and moral ature.” muke @ selection or to work out @jonly $1,250 their salaries is not contemplated at) ue with his money, is better system than the bonus system jnot the 000 a year man with his|this time. in 1 with the time at our command, we | purchasing power cut to $1,500 or the! Marshall Field & Co, maintains a| ner We determined to do as we did last year." |§5,000 a year man with his purchasing] welfare and medical department 3 mploy jow did you come to fix the limit |power cut to $2,500 as badly off? which occupies almost one floor of dittieul of $2,500 salary for participants 49) +1 do not think so," replied Mr,|tbe immense block square establ ab an¢ the bonus?” I inquired. Corley, “Phe more a’ man’s income| iment, Meals are served in a lune Well,” said Mr. Corley, “wo had lexceody the cost of living the casier it}room at a figure as close to cost as to put a limit somewhere. ‘The mat-lonouia be for him to get along. ‘The | Possible. ter was so well explained that no SONDITIONS ARE complaints reached us. All our re- EMPLOYMENT C STRICT THERE, cost of high living is mistaken by some for the high cost of living, For ts indicate that the distribution |/0me & et : o| lished the rule ttractin Was satisfactory. Of course, 1 do not ine PR eae FF aes Mad Fev] A woman who has bee 8 with the lished. the. rule Of tracting country . je 5 sul J ore for years is charge 0 . ified, but t. fey srorrnedy Was Bat [ost of our $85 suits are bought by cic and women employ« mploy- | to his store and the rule has never eRe. vg + mimen who could do just as yo!) with a| BTS ANS won oe very strict. The| been abandoned, Bloree NAGY We DAYS ee een $45 suit, This holds good in all ou eee enn welfare work cens the| _ I. D. Corley, for instance, came to it wo departments, be the purchasers wen or women,” Mr, Corley said tho firm would continue to study and investigate co- operative plans and if one is found which promises to be more satisfac- tory than the bonus plan it will be adopted, should tho management think such a step necéssary or con- that, and because they know have the most stable organization in the retail or wholesale business. We have numerous employees in this es- tablishment who have been with us fifty years, and the employees boast~ ing twenty-five years of service are so numerous that they do not even apparel of the saleswomen, who are confined to black and white dresses and are allowed to wear their waists only just so low in the neck. T noticed in a tour of the store that the young women bebind the counters all had their vvists cut just so low in the neck—right down to the limit, as ment @ way t consider themselves veterans.” mink such @ step neck F though every watst had been cut so) made avsistant goneral merchandise rs ducive to added well-being and con-/ as to expose so many inches of throat | manager four years ago, In Chicago the cost of leather shoes forces people t. HIGHER SALARIED MEN GET NO icntnent of employees, Ho did not|and fractions of an inch of bosom: Tarehieh To Me Mates « country |Stherstare they have: teepried Se wonting Wend fean® to. seek relies, _ BONUSES. y that the firm was permanently | Tie store furnishes an emergency | product, started as a boy’ in the lin-| § cost from $18 to $25 a pair and wooden shoes cost $1.20 1 her shoe: “put,” I persisted, “assuming that|committed to profit sharing or tho| hospital and a medical staff. If a|ings department and worked his way cost $1.25 a pair and ai the dollar is worth, under existing bonus system, but the possibility of | girl ls away two weeks a doctor from purchasing conditions, only 60 cents |dropping the plan of giving employees | the store visits her, consults with her and the $2,600 a year map can buyla sbare of the profits in excess of \physician, and if she is in @ hospital,’ o ee thou| front-cover, | faced Lilliar sident W of the public at the I consults with the hospita has been largely four walls, f. Patten says round-fa bsolutely no 4 I pre fi women of Botticelli of the most widely ion pictur Gish, pre-eminence thetic r the of this theory ts Kon Spat ot former Pri by arvard of ele after and distinction, as on¢ - In Washington. English-s: port the matchle , Sir Johnston Forbes-Robert- json, has the long, narrow face which Prof. Patten says leads on to fortune if you are a man, Better get out your mirror and see how YOUR face shapes up! nts are supplied by 3 who get into ties ar lp from their employer. PERSONNEL. Marshall Field t $4 a week hrough millinery, manager’ chair. the ordinary, by TO WEAR SHOES OF WOOD AT $1.25 A PAIR. appeal popular of actresses |s round- of er authorities, If the sick girl is in need of anything the store, financial assured of sympathy STORE HAS TRAINED ITS OWN The personnel of the establishment trained within its estab- Chicago when eighteen years old, 1899, from a village of 600 people in Central Illinois, and went to work as a stock boy In tho millinery depart- He worked his women's, children's and infants’ outer apparel Into other branches until he was fa- miliar with the entire store, and was up until he was in charge of purchas: jig and then into the general we handise the aced man, our most shining ex- of course, Another long, spare, sident who at ears of has been of the representat bor Conference Then aking ed Mona Lisa 8 of in | $big saving to those who wear them. Even the mail man, ae well housewife, is wearing wooden sho A cross| Strength and ten grunts to pull off,"™ | h