The evening world. Newspaper, October 3, 1919, Page 24

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1919 No “Professional” Mother Can Take the Place of a Real Mother CHARLOTTE PERKINS GILMAN Advocates Highly Trained Professional “Mother” to Take Care of Their Chosen Plans of Life. DR. FRANCES STORRS JOHNSTON insists Baby Who Is Not Loved and Cared For by Its Own Mother Has Lost Something That Can Never Be Replaced. By Marguerite Mooers Marshall Copyright, 1919, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New York Bvening World.) RE we ready for the professional mother, the woman who can be hired by a number of amateur mothers to take care of their children? ‘That was an idea suggested recently by Charlotte Perkins Gilman to the International Conference of Women Physicians, which has resumed its sessions at the Y. W. ©. A. National Headquarters after visiting Vassar and other ‘women's colleges. Mrs. Gilman believes ft is not necemary for a mother to take the entire care of her own children. In her place the noted woman writer and philosopher suggests a professional, a highly trained expert mother, who can take care of many ohildren while the actual and individual mothers are carrying out their various sohemes of life in different ways. “We have a present theory,” she told the Conference, “that little chfl- @ren are best taken care of by the individual parent, whether she knows anything or not. The care and edu- | ~ eae Re cation of children is a social function, Mot @ sex function, Let those who tke to bring up children give their * ves to the science of the care of ba- bies. Some women like housework ‘and the care of children, but dt will the health of many women | crees that for the first year of its Ife the normal baby’s normal food can be obtained only from the mother, Of course there are plenty of doctors and nurses nowadays who seize on every excise for persuading or encouraging the mother to ne- glect her responsibility, but if they are right it's very strange that Na- ture, all these ages, should have pre- serfbed the one method of nourish- ment for the young, I believe a woman has no right if she bears a child to dodge the duties of her job. “What the baby of to-day needs,” added Dr. Johnston earnestly, “is not to lose its mother but to gain its father. I think we tend to ignore, on our move toward organization and centralization as opposed to the old- fashioned individual home, that a father’s rights and interests in a baby are of great importance. Unless he is exhausted with too long hours and too much work, he wants to spend time with his children, to help care for them, and his care and in- fluence are needed by them, If they were in charge of the professional mother all the time, how much would he gee of them, how much wouki they gain from him? “I am thinking just now of the weavers’ families in Lancashire, Eng- land, where often the mother as well as the father works outside the home, Yet their babies are not rele- ated to professional care. Usually there 1s a grandmother or an aunt in the home who‘looks after the little ones during the absence of the par- ents, and when they return not only ‘who do mot if they have a chance to @o something else and are not all forced to do the same thing.” “What do you think of the profes- . gional mother idea?” I asked Dr,| the mother but the father is delight- “ Frances Storrs Johnston, who repre-|ed to attend to the bables, to care : ¢ents Scotland at the conference. Dr,| for them and play with them, ‘4 ‘ Johnston, one of the most charming| “Another reason why I am opposed to the professional mother 1s that I think the children under her care would be taken too seriously, and so tend to take themselves in the same Way. An atmosphere of constant analysis, experiment, microscopic ex- amination is as harmful to a child as is to plant life the child’s own trick ot digging up seeds to see if they have begun to grow. In the normal home, surrounded by brothers and sisters, a child can not take himself seriously or develop into a prig.” ‘There was a little pause, Dr, John- ston was smiling thoughtfully, and 1 was admiring her beautiful white Latr which frames go softly her young face, Then she spoke again, “It is hard,” she admitted, “for a woman to attend to all the needs of two or three small children, I sup- pose the mother of children under five does get tired, very often, and wish that she had more freedom, But I do not think that for the averago mother, if her husband earns enough to take care of the family and t# kind and affectionate, life is toe hard er too exhausting physically, “Nor de I think that, in most cases, she would want to give up her own babies to @ professional mother, I think she would resent such a system, If she has understanding and sym- pathy, there is much a mother may receive from her children and their society, in addition to what she gives them, Even tf she wishes to express herself in literature or in gome other art, her work will ®e finer and more worth-while when her personality is enriched by the experiences of mother- hood—which means 80 much more than just giving birth to children, “Let us teach the mother to care wisely for her babies, let as give her enough assistance to nally her lite easier, let a» encourage her to take an interest in the outside yd i Ist us counsel ber cee tS Or emma / and attractive delegates, served for j as Secretary in the Edinburgh A Hroapital for Women and Children and he erganized the maternity and infant _ ‘welfare service in her country, 4 y “From your observation of babies, and considering their welfare,” I con- timued, “don't you think the intelll- gent amateur mother always will be guperior to the professional?” “fhe baby,” Dr. Johnston summed ‘up “who ds not loved and cared for by ite own mother has lost something \that can never be replaced. “When it is little its health suffers @o often if it is removed from the * affectionate care of one woman, even though it may be placed in the most @@entific and hygienic institution As ‘used to way in tho hospital, when watched a little one drooping, ecrupulous attention, “That needs its mother’s arms!" @rowing child, when it te not own home, when its time ds @pent with « group in the care of suffers in its Intellec- tas and emotional development I ever have even the institution 6o that ite chiiren could not be Gifferentiated from the norma) ehild in the normal home. The highly exceptional boy or girl may survive fhe Ddiighting influence, But the minety-nine are deadened, stultified, | @urned out monotonously of a pattern, “I believe in kindergartens and m _ Other methods of relieving the mother Ui, from @ twenty-four hour day with her children. I believe she should ny: have other interests to enrich and |) Broaden ber Iifs, so making her a more stimulating influence in her Bt heme. But,” repeated Dr, Johns‘on © @raly, “the baby that is left for all or practical: the time in profes- ‘ ‘ t is mot personally motLer for much of the that ch ia i ff ej nee - pew } syqe ae the hides of the champion Red Stockings over there at the Capitoline grounds in Brooklyn, when the world was young to us little tads, and next to our Sunday school teacher, espe- clally around Christmas time, our idol was tough-looking, husky Joe Start, the first baseman of the Atlantica. scrambled to pick up the tinfoil that upon finding that there wasn't an- other chew left in the package. him smile, but couldn't he play holes cut with our names just above, snappy rattaning FRIDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1919 Types of Married Folk We All Know * Bos’ Feequson$ FINGERS. By Charles Copyright, 1919, by The Press Publishing Co. (The New York Fvening World.) T cost 60 cents to see the Cin- cinnatis get licked away, ‘way back in 1870, And 60 cents was an awful ‘lot of money and hard to got on that June day ‘when the At- lantics tanned We fought to carry his bat and he'd throw away contemptuously No one ever saw inet base! = gJl_ around the old “Cap” grounds was a board fence with peep O, he was a man! and here we learned our baseball. And every now and then a strange club would play there and bring with them a big, gawky, lanky first base- man who was almost as good as our Joe. That was Adrian Anson and the famous Forest Citys of Rockford. And these visitors would ride through the streets in stages all cov- ered with pictures, and with the play- ers in uniform all grouped on top and the youngsters cheering. Hookey? Who wouldn't play hookey at euch times? And wasn’t it worth a from “Poppy” Clark of old No, 3 when we showed ‘along which came rattling and jog- Mortimer we little chaps grew up and lived around the old Capitoline, where there was a goldfish pond on the corner of Putnam and Nostrand Avenues, and Decker’s farm just up the road with @ country rall fence all around it. And on that wonderful June day in 1870 We little fellows stood atop that rail fence and saw that great army come streaming along the board sidewalk from the horse cars just up a couple of blocks to quaint Fulton Avenue, ging the funny little cars on their long trip from Fulton Ferry, with the “fans” packed on top and inside, ‘There was no Brooklyn Bridge, no electric lights, no telephones, no éle- vated roads, ‘Trees crossed thetr tops over every street, and men wore pearl colored high hats. Cigarettes hadn't come in yet, and men smoked cigars and meerschaum pipes and chewed tobacco, And in all that big procession going into the gates the only ones I can now recall were John C, Heenan, who fought Tom Sayers, and Joe Coburn, the prizefighter, with his black horse- shoe mustache, Ministers, every doc- tor in Brooklyn, merchants, actors, all passed by, but all that I can remem- ber is the high-pitched yell of some big boy, “Hey, there goes Heenan and Joe Coburn!” Well, well, well! Those were pretty crude days, The Red Stockings came ewtrling up in a coach, with a cornet playing tunes and the sun shining, and all around rural and like an English When Cincinnatis Had the Championship And Lost to “Atlantics’”’ of Brooklyn Children While Their Own Mothers Carry Out) pitching Was “Underhand,’”’ They Caught Without Gloves, Umpire Wore Frock Coat and High Hat, Players Wore Whiskers and New York Fans Rode to Game on Horsecars the Red Stockings and kept silent when a fine play was made. And that the Reds conducted them- selves like “gentlemen,” And they looked it, too, with their clear eyes, their brushed out black whiskers and their curled up mus- taches and lean bodi And George Wright, the great shortstop, would juggle the ball up behind his back and catch it coming over his shoulder, and they'd pass the ball back and forth gently and not try to bean each other with vicious curves tearing direct for) their eyes, as I've seen Capt. Anson's men try to do to him “Just to catch the old man.” | And they played clean ball. No> barking at the umpire. No back talk. | No little side whispers reflecting on his parents. And there stood dapper Charley Mills, the Captain of the Mutuals, all slicked out as for an afternoon wedding—silk hat, frock coat, check trousers and patent leather gaiters, leaning on an umbrella, standing facing the batsman and requesting Mr. Zettlein to give Mr, Wright a “waist-high” ball, Or, it might be a “high” ball or a “knee-high” ball. But whichever it was that was want- ed, why, by gosh, the pitcher would have to give it to him! And he'd) have to pitch it underhand, too, A} “foul tip’ would cause the umpire to remark “ticker! And the catcher, Mr. “Bob” Fergu- son, would stand away back and take the ballon abounce. If he scrambled the catch and the batter ran to first base, why, there stood Joe Start like a stone wall, and the ball would smack right into bis paws, Then Joe would fire a great stream of tobacco countrysida ‘Trees were the back- ground above the high board fence, and there were no tobacco nor whis- key nor clothing signs to distract one. ‘The fence was whitewashed inside the grounds, and everything was white and green. up the next day with lying mouths that “our little sister was sick an’ we had to stay home.” The beloved old school looked over the fields of Decker’s farm and across to where, in winter, a great red ball on the flagstaff told us that “the ball wes up and there was skating.” And tn summer, before vacation set tn, the ‘Dig flag flying told us the Atlantics were playing. ‘There wasn't @ school 2 Brooklyn where the teachers had harder work to hammer things into kids’ heads than ours, When we'd go to the win- dow @ill to get @ drink of water out of the pitcher, we'd make the drink last for ten minutes, sipping and look- ing across that apple orchard to where the players and rich Brooklynites were moving around on that field of green, admission to which cost 26 cents. Oh, but the days were long tm that dear old prison when June days were knee deep, and there was a bascbal! bulging out your right-hand pocket, and a bat hidden in the grass along- side the school fence, and the teacher saying something about “fractions” to And every twenty feet there was stationed a husky roughneck with a rattan, reaching for and slashing at the boys who were climbing the fence. ‘There were no smoking chimneys nor elevated roads spoiling the scenery, And ever in the glace in. closed pavilion a band played “Aida,” “Marching Through Georgia” and “Yankee Doodle.” And the Attantics were tn their chub house trying to look pretty and refined in pink undershirte cut off at the top of the sleeves and their new long blue pants, And there they sat, spanking a ball all around the room and into each other’s faces and chewing tobacco and spitting at every foot in eight, Oh, bat they were a tough bunch of citizens, Fiery red faces and bunged up hands with Singers all twisted. No one wore gloves, chest pro- tectors, shin guards nor masks, And any one guarding himself in and chased off the fleld with a bat, Oh, they were a gentle crowd, thi old timers, And there was open bet- Ung on every game. The World of June 15, 1870, tells the crowd way any way would be thought a coward; juice and hit a blade of grass right in the eye, and look scowling con- tempt at the batsman for thinking he —Joe—might miss it! And gentleman Charley Mills, be- tween innings, would seat himself in a chair, directly opposite the home plate and raise an umbrella over his head, And the ball was red-colored and called “Bounding Rock.” And when they had played nine in- nings to a draw, every one thought the game had ended. But the Red Stock- inge insisted on keeping tt up for a few more innings and, Land o’ Goshen, they got licked! And The World sporting reporter of that day instead of saying, “Leonard smashed a sizzling hot shot direct for Pike's bean,” put it thisway: “Leonard closed the innings by sending a line ball direct to Pike, which the latter took nicely on the fly.” ————>—__ A COMPROMISE, But tt you They Are Petty Grafters Who Do Not Need Your . Charity; but, on the Theory That “It Is More Blessed to Give Than to Receive,” Always Give You the Opportunity to Live Up to That Creed.‘ A By Fay Stevenson Copyright, 1919, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New Y, No. 4—THE SPONGERS O not confuse the axe-to-grind couple with the spongers, for they are two decided types with two decided motives. The axe-grinders wish to do something for you (even though they have a particular redson in view) but the spongers wish to get something from you. The axe-grinders do business on a big scale but the spongers are petty grafters. The spongers have a way of “dropping in” fore two or three weeks’ stay. They never telegraph or write they are coming so that you may politely dodge them or cut them short by “other plans,” they eimply appear, and there is nothing to do but put them up for the night or more probably three or four weeks when they come a long distance. “And the worst of it is,” complained a tired Tittle ing World.) D Piven sot, housewife after a month and a half siege, “the spongers are usually very wealthy people. I wouldn't object to putting up a country cousin who was short of funds, or a poor relative in search of a position, but when it comes to being a hotel for people who have ample means I balk. In this case the spongers had ar- rived bag and baggage at ten thirty in the evening. They claimed to be fourth or fifth cousins and wore so than to receive” and gave the people whom they visited every opportunity to live up to that creed. The spongers are usuaMy great home addresses and keeping up a gen- eral correspondence with them and then, when they visit that city or | town, they simply “drop in” and ear- | prise everybody. In their own home town they fave a habit of calling just when the famity is starting out for a little ride tm their motor. Of course there is nothing to do but invite them. ‘Then they always declare that they would love to attend a certain social affair one is holding but distances are so great and the trolley service so poor, etc, ete, thas one finds himself obliged to go after them in a machine. Sunday night they usually manage to call just at tea time and no matter how many oughly, put their shoes in shoe trees, their coats on hangers and their linen in the bureau drawers. The next morning they announced that they were going to take a bus ride down the avenue, do the museums and attend @ matinee, so the house- wife need not be alarmed if they were a little late for dinner. And so each day they planned what they were to do, often expressing their sorrow that the other members of the family were not free to go about with them, There was no reason at all why the mis- tress of the home could not go and there was also a young lady daughter in the family who was perfectly free to go “sightseeing” but no invitations were extended. guests are already assembled they go Nor did these spongers even try'upon the principle of “the more the to make themselves interesting, Not| merrier.” once did they tell a clever story, de-| The spongers also have a very de- scribe what they had seen, offer the | lightful way of scrambling and fight- host a cigar or the hostess a bunch| ing for the check at a restaurant but of flowers. ‘They went upon the! they always succeed in letting you get theory of “it 1s more blessed to give] it just at the psychological moment. Sleeping Cars standing back in the subway station By Neal R. O'Hara when he is with his friends and an- nouncing, “Well, if any one insists on paying our fares I let ‘em rather than quarrel about it.” But even these petty grafters, these Copyright, 1919, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New York Evening World) api ld oe Bua poinipiaiea our hospitals y and our time are as nothing to the UYS that ride on sleeping cars| son a guy rarely falls out of a coffin. | A eers on our emotions—the couple want shorter hours, Claim the | Upper berth always gives you @ cof- | 41, come to our house and relate long sleeping car trust provides| fin-flt—and you can spell it “coffin” | \ 115 of woe and domestic situations plenty of cars but no sleeping. Pull joughin’.” over which we have no control, If we man customers have been doing th: rybody always wants @ lower | couig hgnd them a ten-dollar bill and shimmy for years, If the shim dance | Long line at the ticket window two!) ao uitn it we would be relieved, came from Frisco, it must have mad: | Urs before train time proves the | ie nd Wey eimple Gaul sup Naas, the trip in a transcontinental ratfler ower’s the berth of a nation. Berth That's when it started shaking, "| ™te CEE SER UBD ONE: MAB) ety oe ne i asthous a s than the lowers, but the dea Eee ead ee oD au uenee gt rate's more than 20 per cent. higher. | 8nd the vonss vill sive ono a de- dance to neutralise (he shakes in an.| Guy that travels in an upper gets | *crlption of & heartrending operaten one-fifth off—which means clothes as | With so many details that they remain lta The man will break our hears de- scribing some hopeless financial @eal upper, Don't hay er 8d : Caen eee eee come tar| well as cash, Guy that gets more| fixed in the mind for daya. We oan thes, Bosa nue may be smooth, but | **#n one-fifth of his clothes off in an forget the spongers of our pocket- upper ig either a contortionist or a| books but ft ts not so easy to dismiss the spongers of our emotions, Sometimes we feel like excusing the confirmed old ‘bachelor for’ sponging on our time, for forcing himself into a family circle to tea on the ground that he is lonely and longs for the real home atmosphere, We feel the same way about the spinster or the bachelor gin) but we often wonder at the boldness of the married couple who deliberately foree themselves upon us, How do they get that way? How can two sane people go through Ife sponging? How can they deliberate- ly plan and pjot to intrude upon oth- ers’ forced generosity? ‘The solution is perfectly simple, One .is always more inclined to be @ sponger than the other when they are first mar- ried, And unfortunatly “sponging’ seems to be contagious, for when a natural born sponger or petty grafter weds, In a short time we have @ well developed pair of spongers. Whether the original sponger ie @ man or woman seems to make no difference, the only thing that seems to count {s that “sponging” is a most the Pullman bed ain't. Ever, Guy that sald, “let me off at Buffalo,” had spent the night in a Pullman sleoper, Pullman car is made of steel, same a8 @ passenger's nerves should be. And @ Pullman wreck is a guy that’s done three nights in an upper berth. Man in @ berth does more twists and turns than the train does. More night life in a sleeping car than on Broad- way. Porter on duty 1s the only guy that's asleep in the car, Pullman's divided into compart- ments, Compartments ain't only water tight—they’re air tight, Only guys that get a peaceful sicep are those that smother to death. Com- partments are subdivided into uppers and lowers, Passenger’s gotta under- stand latitude and longitude to find his place, And he's gotta understand algebra to undress in it, Only thing worse than undressing in @ berth is @ football game in a telephone booth. Booth's @ Sahara desert side of a berth, at that, Trouble with the sleeping car people is that they provide a place to sleep in but no place to undress in. No guy ever vacationist. You can raise a Pullman window to get the air. You get not only the air but everything that’s in it, And delieve us, everything IS in it, Have screens in the window, but the only things they keep out are airships and other large insects, Pullman screen never keeps out cinders, Cinders are like servants—always getting through, ‘Ten nights in a barroom ts mild punishment side of five nights in a sleeping car, You get thrown out of @ barroom once in a night, but that ain't the limit in a sleeping car berth Another big difference is that you've always got a chance of going to sleep in a barroom, Chance of sleeping in a Pullman is just like Bulgaria's was for winning the war. Reason actors hate one-night stands ain't on account of the stands, but the jumps, One-night stand would be O. K, if it wasn't followed by an all-night ride, Pullman sleep- er’s the real reason actors love Broad- way. Only time an actor has an all- night ride in New York is going to lived that could undress in an upper | Dyckman Street on the I, R. T. And |contagious quality, It takes two op- before it was time to get up. while you're pitying the actors, say /timists to make an optimistic couple, You climb a ladder to get into an|% Prayer for the Presidential candi-|but one sponger, either husband or upper berth. Just Uke mountain | “ates They'll be riding the country | wife, 1s enough to produce two fk climbing except the airs different at the top of a Pullman, It's the same ag the air in a lower, except worse. in Pullmans soon. And it ain't until|fedged spong he takes a tour that the candidate |— pune reallygets his bumps. up early to duck jeorge—get up earty Sleeping car air’s like the thermos| They oughta sel Pullman tickets a/and jump off the rear end, All rail- bottle—hot or cold. Only it's hot|!a carte, Guy that goes into a Pull-|road porters are called either George when you want it cold and cold when|™an diner pays for what he eats./or something else that's not fit to you want it hot Would be soft if you could go into a|print. Don't know why every one of It's a high climb to an upper, It| Sleeper and pay for what you sleep. |'em's George, unless it’s because they you slip and break your face, you| But that'll never happen while the |work for Washington, Or maybe they get a berth mark. Principle of the- | Pullmans have berth control, cdl ‘em after George HL ‘They be- higher - they-go-the-harder-th@)- fall Only thing worse than a Pullman is/|tieve in (taxation without rv \onstra— could find a wife affectiona’ #0 a eel Crema nn ome ae rR nate applies to the Pullman car, Always easier to fall out than fall asleep, the porter, Prohibition or not, por- ter’s always hard to get, George may be miasing for the trip, cunealnc Cor tion, Point we started to prove, though, ihe's never |is that the rattler’s as deadly ag they, 4 a 1} va nothin. to do tired that ee was a ae Oc cdvatline: | WNae waver a aunt ot vlan ase arse that waa all they|ecoming acquainted with all thetr wanted. They unpacked very thor-| fellow passengers, jotting down their» tat a eccemrcam intl |