The evening world. Newspaper, May 24, 1912, Page 27

LANTIN, A, How to Provide ; For Old Age. _e By Miles M. Dawson. v *}, Coprdai, 1012, by The Press Publishing Co, (The New York World), #4Public Provision for Old Age in the United States. IDE’ trom Pubdlic or private charity, not much ts done in the United “Btates in @ pubile way for those who reach old age without means of mupport. Yét a good start has deen mage in this matter in recent i years, , Two such provisions for special classes are widely known, and per- ‘haps fitmly established, vis.; Pensions for soldiers and eailors and their depend- “Aents ahd pensions for Judges, retired on account of'age. The former, of course, is but one feature of.a military and naval pension system which is both exten- + alve and munificent. It has already been suMficignly adverted ¢o as being equiv- alent, 60 far as it goes, to a liberal old age pension ayatem. The latter reaches | too few'to require epecial consideration. ‘ Pension plans‘have also been established in connection with other clesses of \ publig employers, among which the most noteworthy are: ‘The \periis ‘of seryice in fire departments in the larger cities and the great necessity that théy.be at ail timas ready and eMctent, has caused fremen to be most tenderly regarded. Provisions for thelr retirement upon pension, if dis- abled, iif the performance of duty or at the completion of @ term of service, not infreq { @ffictent; are almost universal. As a rue, likewise, firemen are not required to contribute, and the pensions are paid out of moneys raised by taxation such as the taxes levied upon fire insurance preméumus. wen Se ' 'Poicemen. in the larger ‘cities are also usually penstoned upon retirement. ‘The term of service, however, is usually longer than for firemen, so that fewer ‘ policemen, who are fit for service, are made ‘pensioners. Teachers ta the public schools of, the larger cities ere usually granted re- tiremeft pensions after a certain term of service. These pensions aro usually contributory, and sometimes they are payable chiefly or solely from the con- tributtopé of the teachers, In all countries a very large proportion of those who are steadily employed— usually ‘at very moderate wages or salaries—in the public service are more likely than other employees to fall to make proviston for old age. The tendency to in- creage the standard of living, to educate children, to care for dependent rela- tives and to perform other duties of this character, 1s markedly increased by the fact that employment is. stable and precisely a certain income may be counted on. the public employees ‘are found to be borrowers against their future salaries. When provision is made by contributions of the employees, euch funds are In almost every case these plans have been instituted without actuarial advice and with insufficient rates of contribution. A mod instance ts the New York Teachers’ Retirement Fund, which is elready showing diminishing assets with constantly {ncreasing Mabilities. The insolvent condition of these funds fe rarely known to the contributors. There ts the deceptive condition tn the early years that the contributions e: ceed the pensions, and this may be true even after a good many years, notwith- utterly inadequate. From time to timo there has been agitation, more active also fn recent years, for a system of pensions for civil service employees of the Federal Gov- ernment; but nothing has as yet been done about it.’ The situation at Washing- ton fs that infirm old men and women are kept in the servic; @ matter of mercy and that the quality of the service is much impaired by. Those who becom enfeebled that they cannot report for service are sometimes, it is sald, taken care of for a time at full wages—also as @ matter of mercy. In fact, to @ very large extent old age pensions are paid in this way—the worst Dossigle way, since it impairs the service and pads the’ pay-roul. Different proposals have been brought forward, viz.: 1, A straight-out civil service pension like that of the leading countries of Europe and of Australia and New Zealand. 2. A system of compulsory contributions, the pensions so purchased to be exactly equivalent in value to the contributions for ail new employees, while existing employees are to be put in much the same position as if they had con- tributed from the start, by the Government increasing their own pensiens by public funds. This requires new employees to supply t!i: own pensions by aving money at interest unt! they reach the pension age; but adds many mill- * me of dollars to the pensions pufchased by the present employees, © 3. A straight-out compulsory contribution plan, uhder which the employees + would’ be assessed from year to year a sufficient amount to provide all pen- stons currently payable, they in turn becoming entitled when they reach the pen- sion age. 4. A compulsory contribution plan under which the employees would pay half the cost and the Government half. The first, while urgently asked for, is not being favorably considered in Congress. The second has some warm supporters in both houses, but ts gen- erally opposed by the civil service employees, except those who are already old both in service and years and who would in consequence be the chief bene- ficiartes. The third is opposed by practically the entire forge of civil service employees, while the fourth is offered by some of them tentatively e# a sub- stitute for the second. The Day’s Good Stories Prudent Courtesy. R, MACTAVISH attended @ christening where the hospitality of the host mew ne bounds except the several of the geqte, In the midst of the celebration Mr, Mao- Tavish rose up and made the rounde of the com- pany, bidding each « profound farewell, “But, Sandy, mon," objected the host, “ze'ne not goin’ yet with the evenin’ just stared “Nay,” eald the prudent MacTavish, “I'm no’ But I’m tellin’ ye good night while 1 —Balurday Evening Post, hance for More Sleep, NORTH DAKOTA farmer roused bis barvest hand from slumber in the haymow promptly Observing Orders. T the, tee, when J. Plerpont Moran was \ it his health, his physician or- ubeasy dered him’ to quit amoking clgars, ‘Three four date’ later his secretary, on entering the rivate office, was surprised to’ sce the financier jafling away at a voluminous-looking thing in his 0 clonds of smoke, "1 thought—I said Morgan testily, an me,” 'm not using tobacce is merely a cigar that Tom is nM Not Equipped. DON'T see how ft 4a," Jenkine began, | eying t tran nd hie per al hog With fieok envy, “Here is this mongrel rs doin i ‘se tricks, and there ie my * A nd eut that Ittle patch he ordered, bg with @ pedigree a yard long, that tan't te ca seeplly inquired the fogle ting, I've hammered 1) | Dred. man, wee ant chen he trusted tet hay | WMG? Why, no, they're tame o tela to "Wally it they're tame, mayb att up on n't #0 much the dog,"* the tramp | them tn ahylta poor e, Somes, , Ba iy, "You have to know more'n F you cab't leam him anything, — No Great Loss, Companion, S$ PuTRAL some, sas Wiad te have con tein forme {netitut navy, He One Was Stranger. found" of headauartere 4 gna. deal” ifthe : cata aay "shir, howere?, 0 old Beate were going home one night | dlnmer ona night, te Reouksd t Wesdauartry opt after a convivial somion at a public house, ease the Indianapolis News, The affair was im tho traditionel manner ae immortalised UUinist with 9 story, “You remind me, alr," he eal, “of old Jimmy ‘Treddles, dimmg wes 'e laborer,’ Noon Tobby Burns, Fearing trouble shead ea the light HS =e in the distant cottage window berame apparent | 70° 487, end he, wat down and felb in bie pocket Bauidy said'-to Donald: ‘Boye,’ he sald, ‘I've lost my lunch, “Donald, 1 walk ahead of ye and ye tell if “Thee weve a cheery T's, walking, tret_snecht,"" Thouald watched Mendy. carefully and then re lhe mashed: ‘“flandy; ‘mon, ye're walkin’ fine; but who's thet Grunken loafer with ye!" ‘It's @ darned good thing at home,’ Ji 10 leet it, too," Yo Thnaay ty Heth my teeth judge, LIVIN’ THEY Coutp BE tly a= short as twenty years, and fong before age renders them less! Indeed, where salary loans can be obtained, a very considerable number ot | “ virtually never kept solvent and capable of providing the promised pensions, | standing that mathematical investigation would show the contributions to =| rl. oS ) Ear d Daily : a He Times TARY Ribas 168 COST OF. (4 Pow OF SPuds) ANA BED OF True IN RD You is the SHEET ? ANT A BIT sLeceY! | Is O Copyright, 1912, by Tho Press Publi AID ~ Justice S Moss: “I think @ man Ike you ought to get threa months in the pent- tentiary instead pf sixty days.” The man had beaten a four-year- 014 child. Five hun- dred persons had written to the Justice concerning the ultimate punsh- ment of this man. The tdea of “sparing the rod and) spoiling the child” is now being rele-| gated to the rear with several other of | the good old grandmother adages. Also children ARE seen and HEARD often, | rather than made to squelch EX-| PRESSION of their little thoughts and ideas as used to be tn the good old way. Children are not taught rules and laws that have grown yellow with age. In- stead, we are teaching Httle ones by getting CLOSF to them and THRIR Process of thinking We are HUMANTZING them in the me way. The bad boy {# not the bad (boy. Any 80 called wrongful acts are merely MISDIRFCTAD ENERGY. Youth {9 full of energy and MUST give vent to it, If guided in the proper chan- nel {t moves that way accordingly, ‘The idea that a child !s NATURALLY BAD ts all wrong. It !s only when he has grown in the same groove and reached MATURE years that any such taint may touch him, Down on the east side supertn- tendent of the University Settlement re- cently had quite a problem to solve along these lines, The bad boy leader got hie pals together to throw things ‘at girls who passed that wa They did this several times, terming it “fun.” The superintendent called the leader tn and instead of punishing took counsel with the boy, to xhowed him | whet a splendid thing tt would be for | the other boys, ‘The idea appented to the boy, And sure enough the next time the boys began to throw sticks at the girls this poy “took thelr part,” as it were, to the amasemont of the others, And gradually one after another fell in with him, fio that direction and was JUST AS STRONG an in the other vuy, The rod ts being SPARED and the Corporal Punishment By Sophie Irene Loeb. js onorsy was wulded in the right | FoR BALLGAM ITY PLEASURES BE PUT To GOOD USA, AN rT] MAYS PLAY a CIRCUS. TENT WITH)| You Must, } Tw Sve! “Fridays Mey: Bletve I'L Go INT OINAH'S tre Jes cose. | Room’ ano VSHow Hen! (eves cikcuses Seen HER AT/ONE ut of Fashion ishing Co, (The New York World), looked upon as being nearly criminal rather than constructive, Parents are learning that :@ ttle REASONING 1s better than a ttle ROD. For, I am serry to say, many a time the child's whipping was @ re- sult of overtaxed nerves and a means of satisfying temper on the part of the Parent rather than the prank of the youngster, Certainly the dally doings of the child following its natural ACTIVE bent May become very harrowing to srown-up. The way of the rod may be Paved with good intentio#s a@ was the old excuse “how-!t-hurts-me-to-do-this, In reaijty it hurts the child more than {t helps. Tho case of help ts the EXCEPTION rather than the RULE, Certainly’ he who takes advantage of the very wee tot as the foregoing man did—the strong overpowering the defenseleas—is deserv- ing of the FULL PUNISHMENT of the law, since thé protection of. the child is the making of.the future eftizen. ad TOUGH LUCK. He—So you lost that little dog? She— in @ radlroad accident, ‘ed but the dog was Killed. He—What @ pity!—Boston Transcript. tne | Years to Copyright, 1012, by The Press Pabi Clothing’s Aid to Health. LOMHING 1s the artificial oov- ering of the body by means of gome tabric, for protection, for comfort, for propriay and for adornment. The propriety and adormment that clothing affords make the social standard of ctvitised communities higher and better; the pro- tection and comfort it gives conserve the health an@ prolong lite. Fabrics for the making of clothing are Gertved from two, sources, either the vegetable or'tha antmal kingdom. Wool ‘and eilks,.lvatier, fur and feathers are animal products; rubber, nen and coe ton are made from plants, Cloyting Relps to retain the body's theat ‘and to keep It dry and warm. ‘Without the covering of clothing the | ody would came into immediate comact ‘with the comptant current of eir and ‘thus suffer a rapid lons of heat and at times a. sudden chilling of the body, mwith consequent discaee and death, Clqthing edegrbs the moimure from the | pody and serves to keep it dry. In thia) way, 100, rapid loss of heat and sudden | chilling of the body are prevented, 4 Woollen fabrics, by the nature of en 106.—Why 1s water purified by fill 107.—Why are meats and greasy 108,-—Why do stars twinkle? . Wefnesday's question 101, (Why te the sea oft Phosphoric acid contained in him to PROTECT the girls AGAINST |“ of the air and becomes luminous, 108, (Why does dampness make wood Mines with the wood's earbon and forn wood ja onydised and decay wets in, disappear, | solid crystals, which do not 105, (Why can @ fat man «wim more eAld BAVED, Corporal punishment te water, 7A POCKET C VYCLOPED 109,—Why does water freeze more quickly than milk? 110,—Why does starch stiffen linen? TIES questions will be answered Monday, oxygen, 1s converted {nto phosphorus, 10%, (Why do singet clouds turn red last of all, before the Mght dios trom | \ them?) Of the various eolared raye from the wetting #uy, the red are the last to 14, (Why does water expand when tt freeses?) tering through charcoalf foods unhealthfut in hot weather? Here are the replies to on luminous on summer nightat) The decaying jelly fish, being deprived af This unites with the oxygen decay?) The oxygen of the water eo! ms oarhonto acid, The hydrogen of the How to Add Ten By J. A. Husik, M. D. Your Life ishing Co, (The New York Word), their threads am well as by the manner in which they are woven, possess in the highest degree «he qualities which ‘make them valuable for protection and comfort. The woollen thread 1s loose and the cloth ttself is loosely woven, ‘Tho air contained in the meshes of Woollen cloth makes it @ Good retainer ot heat; the loose thread makes {t the ‘best absorber of motature. In cold and motst seagons, therefore, it ta best to ‘wear clothing made of wool, Buch cloth- ing absorbs moisture, keeps one dry and warm and thus conduces to eound heakh and tong life, T4nen, on the contrary, and fabrics ‘made of cotton lack the properties of ‘wool. They have compact thread, are ‘woven close, and for that reason do not absorb moisture nor retain the heat. In dry and warm climates, theretore, clothing made of cotton and Mnen should ‘be worn, They give a senee of cool- ness and comfort and are thus con- ductve to wound health. ‘The color o€ cloth, too, influences its value in regard to heat, Dark fabrics abeord all the Nght from the sun and Most of its heat; ght tabdrice reflect the Hght and with t the heat, Footgear i@ of very great importance in @tving comfort and maintaining health, The feet are constantly im con- act with the ground below, whother it {a moist or dry, hot or cold. To oop | the feet dry and warm, eapectally in seasone of rain and cold, ts to keap away | many attacks of disease, Rapid lone of heat and @evere chilling of the whole body readily take plane by careless ex- posure Of the feet to motature and cold, Such & state of the boty leads ito @ low- ered vitality, loweret resistance to ine fection with @erma, to disease and death, To avoid these heavy shone and rutoers should be worn in seasons of ratn end col, It 1 water to change one's garments with the changes of the eeagpn, Only the very rohus) oan wear the same clothing in all seasons without harm, The change shoutd be made when the| season 18 well advanned, thet ft may | Rot become nesoavary to Femme Woartng | Brees! sily than a thin man?) Pat ts Nght than water, and the more fat @ man carries the more buoyant: will he be in| prevent rapid lows of heat and sudden, | of clothing previously Anoarded, | To keep well and to edd ten yeare va your Hfa, wear woollen clothing to | keep dry and warm in winter, and Hn: t en changes water tnto|and ootton apparel to koep @oo| and) that Rose had ms t 80 clonely together a# did the purticies of wat ht airy in the heat of summer, uaa your feet froi maisture and cold to! severe chilling of the bedz, 24 V912° toners ope bid OFFICER 666 By Barton W. Currie Based on the Successfal Farce of the Same. Title CHAPTER XV. (Comttoved.) FILYN crossed the room to her counin and gave Sadie the denet of the look of def- H in. “On, please, please don't sag that, CHed Sette, al aflutter, “t know he will agree to © postponemen “Rut [ don't want any jemen' protested Helen, “I told you what I Intanded doing and I'm going to do 1 “Go on, tetl her again—we'd al) like to hear it,” broke in Gladwin, Helen swung around and said dra- matically: “I'm going to marry Travere Gladwin to-night. “You are his best friend. Tell me Honestly, don't you think I’m right ta wanting to marry him?’ ‘'Thie was a poser, but when he did confronted Travers Giad- wh summon an answer itt came right out from the heart, his eyes devouring the beautiful girl before him as he spoke, “Nothing on earth would please me ao much aa to have you marry Traverc | Gladwin, and I mnise you now that | 1 am going to do goetrieing oe my wer 40 persuade you jo tt." Pun, Tameaso glad!” Helen thanked ‘him. A moment later she added with @ perplexed smile, “But why aid you taik about hie bravery, as you did?’ “Well, you see’—the young man NTRS aa ites pice Spit, “veing 80 very fond of you hated the {dea of his mersying. Was that are “Yea, but that wae before I saw you. I hope you are going to Uke his best friend just » Mttle.” ‘There was no mistaking the ardent emphasin on the last #entence and Helen studied the young man’s face curiously, She turned away with @ ‘Diush and walked ecross the room. CHAPTER XVI. The Torment of Officer 666. BANTIME Officer 6%, on his aristocratic beat, four blocks up and four blocks down the Fifth avenue pave, was etick- ing to the east ide of the street and vainly trying to keep his eyes to the front. Tt was severe duty, with the raven- haired Rose wheeling her perambulator long the opposite walk and keeping, by ‘af feminine perversity, on tudinal line with the patrolling of Michael Phelan. ‘There she was just opposite, always, never twisting her head an inch to give him eo much as @ glance or a smile, It made him that she should dis- cipline her eyes fashion, while his would wander hither and yon, espe- clally yon when Rose was in that direc- tion. ‘The daintiness of Rose in cap and @pron with a big white fichu at her throat, with one red cheek and the cor- ner of the most kissable mouth on the avenue maddeningly visible, soon drove all memory of the Gladwin mansion and the suspicious antios of the “rat- fuced Mttle heathen” out of his mind, His one thought was that Rose would have to cross over the way at the fall of duek nt oharge home for tte pi p. There would be a bare about seven or ten words with Rove, But what was he going to pay? Vor one hundred and nine days run- Gaye off inclusive, Michael Phelan had intercepted Rose at that partioular corner and begged her to name the day, The beat he ever got was # emile and @ flash of two laugh- ing eyes, followed by the salty: “Bhow me $600 in the bank, Michael Pholan, and 1 tals dusiness, And why didn't Mjohae! Ph save up 000 out of the more than $10 a month the etty pal@-him for his ser: vices? Rose didn't wet a quarter of that, and she had already saved 6200, home ¢o Ireland every month, The reason for thie4Michael Phelan turned in his wages each month to his mother, and ous of what #he allowed him to epend he couldn't have aaved 600 in five hundred years, at least not hie way of thinking, Th. out ‘@ than an inkli Ww to think that her and It walt ance with which she had h besides which she sent @ ane-pound note © wv ed she was very fond of faithful and long-suffering Michael, even so a the way Rose sud the ¢ig containing Master Croesus and walked demurely toward Officer No. Michael Phelan’ blushed til! he cont feel his back gave mo sign until she was within fir & donen feet of him. ‘Teen she leaned "ps Up pertly and exclaimed: CYVAy, af f¢ ain't Michael Phelant™ 4 ! Rose, an’ with the same tion pantin’ on hie lips,” broke out the young man, his bosom surging and his heart rapping under his shield. “And what is that eame question, Mr. “* Phelan?” asked the tantalising Rose, Officer 666 choked with emotion. vy it hem, fearfully, for Sergeant McGinnis was” due on his rounds and Sergeant MeGin- nis, though marnied, had an eye like a hawk for a pretty girl and @ tongue tal for a patrolman caught Rose's eyes finshed and her ps % taut. atarted forward, but ta: ;/ her head to face Phelan a0 che walked 7. , “I'll give you an answer, Michael,” she said in parting, “when ye may eat up your own home for your owa”’—— ‘That was all Phelan heard and bly all that the young woman uw! for just then Master Croesus set up @ bawil that was most common and in Ite utter lack of restraint, could be no more to the ‘interview that day with young Master Croesus in ker o ” r voolferous mood, so Officer 26 away with @ heaving sigh and plodded, , dolefully along on his beat. pti ch wa Ba . CHAPTER XVII. Travers Gladwin Ie Consider- 4 2 eicse 898 Pa i le E * A: 2 i 2. 8 $ i 2 z i hie pelntings, "Oh, hes dutly, he’ oe tad the young man in the same vaquoug §_ tones, weing to take valuable away with us to-night! (3e Be Continued.) * “