The evening world. Newspaper, March 6, 1908, Page 16

peememnnte neinentaneed The Evening World Daily Magazine, Friday, Pebiished Dally Except Sunday by the Press Publishing Cempany, Nos. 53 te @& Park Row, New York JOSEPH PULITZER, Pres, 1 East 124 Sireet, J. ANGUS AFAW, ReeTroe., 201 West 112th Bireek, cond-Class Mat] Matter. and the Continent and in the Internationa! Postal Union. oe *s Entered at the Post-Office at New York as Bubdscription Rates to The Evening | For World for the United States All Coun and Canada. One Year. One Month One Year One Month... $3.50 30 a osesee NO, 16,999, WAGES AND EFFICIENCY. I1GH wages depend upon the value and the quantity of the product of labor. No employer can profitably continue paying wages in excess of the value which the labor paid for creates. It is therefore necessary that labor shall be ef that wages may be The dearest labor is not that for which the highest wages are paid,| but that which is the least efficient, and produces least. If a skilled] bricklayer lays 2,000 bricks a day and receives $6 wages, his labor is cheaper than that of a bricklayer re ceiving $4 and laying 1,000 bricks. Where the labor is employed in the operation of costly machinery fts actual cost depends even more upon its efficiency. If the operator on a typesetting machine set 50,000 ems in eight hours, and he was paid $5 a day, the labor cost would be 10 cents a 1,000. If he set 20,000 ems a day and was paid $4 wages the labor cost would be 20 cents. But the labor cost of the operator in any ma- chine production is only part of the cost. There are the value of the machine, the power, floor space and material which it uses, the cost of keeping it in repair, the cost of maintaining the building, light and heat. These are little more when a machine produces twice 8s much as when it produces half as much. It correspondingly follows that low wages do not in themselves decrease the cost. A reduction in wages accompanied with diminished efficiency of dissatisfied workmen| increases instead of diminishes the cost of Production. Also increased wages, unless accompanied with increased efficiency, increase cost. President Stickney, of the Chicago Great Western Railway, explains | the bankruptcy of his road by the decreased efficiency of the trainmen| and repair men. He says that increases in wages account for only al third of the increased cost of operation. The other | two-thirds come from the increase in wrecks, col-| lisions and damage to the railroad’s Property. Repairs have been less carefully and economically made Trains are more carelessly operated. Supplies are | wasted. The aggregate of these little wastes and less efficient work is enormous. There are two causes for | this—one an economical fallacy which has spread in recent years, and the other the growth of class feeling. A man in any trade is inclined to think that making work makes wages. The plumber, when he leak and there will be occasion for repairs within a The mason does not do his work to last. He takes care that the joints will have to be repointed and some refilling done in two or three years. The railroad engineer knows that a little carlessness on his part will add to the work in the repair shops, and the repair shop machinist knows how to patch a job so that it will come back again in} a few months. | The illogical result is that everybody tries to make more work and that everybody is that much worse off. If making work were a benefit, the burning of San Francisco would be a good thing because that made work. War would be a good thing because war makes work. The destruction of property would be good because that makes work. The object of every invention, the whole strug- gle of mankind from the prehistoric ages, has been to make life easier, to reduce the amount of work and to increase the number of good things that can few weeks. | is called on a job, leaves it in such shape that it wit! I the Game of Matrimony the Man Who Means Business Wins, Why Not a Political Lent? By Maurice Ketten. (Ba) NOT GOING TO WRITE FoR GO OAYS RUN AWAY , Boys, DON'T You Know ITS LENT COME AND SEE AY LITTLE MAP ~ PENITENCE . IF | COULON'T SEE ATOKE | WOULD Go IN A MONASTERY 1™ Not CQvING To SLEEP FoR 4o DATS But a Good Provider Stands a Chance, as Witness Mr. Jarr’s Case. That snows all you know,’ said Mrs. Jarr. “Young Pilkins means marriage, a {and as Clara told me herself, Charley Stuttler is terribly Jealous and tells her By Roy 4. McCardell, jhe would die for her cr kil, everybody in the world on her account, and of |course that ts all very com} limentary to a single girl, but""— 667 SONDEK when Clura aluuridge is going to marry bat what?" asked Mr. Jarr. [ ae ah Cay “Well, he's one of that kind of young men who only hints vaguely at a happy “Yes, to be sure,” mumbled Mr. Jarr trom behind day to come, while young Ptlkins has actually proposed and wants her to marry is paper. ‘Now, aee here, Mr. Jarr!" said Mrs. Jarr bristling up. him right off." “Buc you say she doesn't care for him?" remarked Mr. Jarr. You put down that old newspaper! It's a pity you can't i, the girl must marry some day," said Mrs. Jarr. “And young Pilkins be in the house five minutes without having your nos® js easy to manage and will make her a good husband; and besides, don't you stuck In a newspaper, You'll have it to read on your way see, Le really WANTS to murry.” Gentccrat "Oh, I see," sald Mr. Jarr. “The man who means business gets the girl. As “T will not,” salq Mr. Jarr, “You always tell me te between the beloved wh) won't toe the scratch and the fellow a woman doesn’t jeave che paper, thageI can get one at the news stand, and care for who will, the outsider beats the favorite!” when I get there my paper {s sold out, or all the morning = “Why, of course!’ sald Mrs, Jarr. Then she corrected herself. papers are gone and the evening papers are not uptown that way sometimes with some girls," she added. “Now, I wouldn't marry the yet. So the only chance I get to peek at the morning best man on earth !f 1 didn't love him. paper is at breakfast—that 1g when you don’t get {t first!" Pilkins is terribly Well, you put it right down,” said Mrs. Jarr, ‘Il want I'm sure I have it very pleasant in this house. I get no Don't you think I might as well be a prisoner in himself; and so no sensible girl would hesitate.” chance to speak to anybody. ot if she didn’t love the good provider?” asked Mr. Jarr. solitary confinement?” “How foolish you talk!" snapped Mrs. Jarr. to talk to with you. March 6, 1908. “t mean it's control of Cuba But, as Clara Mudridge says, young tiresome, but he's a good business man and would be a splendid provider, while Charley Stuttler dances bemutifully, but can't even sup- the possession of the turbulent Philip be got with the same amount of effort. Only by this method can wages be raised, capital be accumu- lated and mankind have leisure and comfort. | ‘i ” | "Oh, all right, all right,” said Mr. Jarr, dropping the paper beside him. to marry a fellow that couldn't make a living? |‘"Let's have a heart to heart talk. What was it you were saying about the “And where does love come in?’ anked Mr. Jatr, with a grin. weaiher? you often tell me of the chances you hed to marry better, and yet you chose her beaux Clara Mudridge would marry. She isn't getting any younger, you ness?” Letters from the People. Business or Profession? To the BAltor of The Evening World: Would experienced readers kindly ad- ng man whether he should up and hur train.” If {t to a test th lift. themselves y a pri 3 fession ch offers the bet ces? tg uu Athenta, N. J UNI | NDECIDED. | — —=— rT = For “Home-Made" Warshipn, |, Another Pension Grievance, | (ry HOW TWisi | HOWDY BILL= DO} (Bu YOUR 700 SHEET} pases ening iets te another ease where the pen: JOF ONE OF THOS : I , HAVE A DIARY ALSO | Caren) Glen Matherinelie ia : < » (TO WRITE IN WITH IT (gunboats, ships that of the coun and by {ts own p ent system foreign in possession of of vessels built for the cn build the sa:ne or s in case of war they will destroy them. I wor what other readers war. When he o: the cinch, while watt To the Was 190 a leap kr how to o learn B. | To the Ea s the ¥ “Grinidge” va. ation {i w York? To the Biltor of 85 R | A letter from a the Population Query. of “Greenwic 1 a Pilitor rn certainly correct from an Englishmin's A eet ey ar view, if he was speaking in England, but © is sp town in © ut it Is alet Grip land a 1 of tesidents B etatement s tenant living Ha A * house, but to» 5 Al ypULITY-kempe Mike myvelf it sounds Me “Just then | Let us rom the elarm went of aud I bad to get’ © oe? ry for the D.. L. and W Teaders attempt to put - sulttats aie tie ercintte'e? Sm wens GErtie Grafte Runs Up WOODRUFF His widow receive: her ohildren are com! Not a Leap Year, Etitor of The Evening Work year No. 289 Fourth roof The know? You know as well as I do that we see her everywhere, either | ‘% don't know what you mean by your odlous slang of ‘fall guys, with young Pilkins or Charley Stuttler. And anybody can see at a glance plied Mrs. Jarr, “but, if you want to know, I could have done lots better"— that she doesn’t care a thing for young Pilkins.”” | here she tossed her heat—“lots better. You ask my mother." “Then the answer ts easy,” said Mr. Jarr. “Tam not an Egyptian astrologer’ “I had to ask your papa,” said Mr. Jarr. “But, tell me, since you could and crystal gazer, nor old Margery, the Gypsy Queen, but I should say she would have done so much better. why did you tal |mavry the happy Mr. Stuttler, seeing, as you say, she doesn't care a thing for) “I was foolish enough to be fond of you, the unfortunate Pilkins.” eyes twinkled—“you looked like a good provider a Bill on Bill « w w By R. E. Dorsey | find St easier to, breeder, | ther was at the ably clinging to the first | GY pet we, GEORGE K Avenue. ning World Women's Ohris- OH WELL THAT S NOT) SO BAD CONSIDERING]|| | IT WAS MY_FOURTH BIRTHDAY THIS MONTH (OH YOU DEA [My SAK LISTEN BILL—THEY HAVE THE DINKIEST GIRDLES HERE TO tady ae SN ee | ) CARRY SATCHELS— Joya’ Woen, | eae | re alone can show. Mra. Jarr, “and"—here her, | icurte’s native land, and actinium, ax well us No, 58.— SPANISH WAR-— Part VII, Cerveri’s leet Wiped Out. 66 HE Spaniards are coming out of the harbor! | The “lookout” on the battleship Iowa had scarcely shouted this long-expected warning when the signat, “Clear ships for actlon!™ flashed to the whole blockading fleet. An epoch-making sea fight was be ginning. The United States squadron had for days watched the narrow opening of Santiago harbor as a cat watches a rathole. Within were Cervera's four | powerful cruisers—the Almirante Oquendo, Vizcaya, Cristobal Colon and Infenta Maria Teresa—and his two torpedo boat destroyers, the Furor and Pluton. The American troops held the helghts about Santiago and nego tlations for the town’s surrender were under way. Hence Cervera’s on® chance lay in a dash for the safety of the open sea. Outside the harbor lay a larger, stronger fleet than his own, waiting to destroy him. There was only the barest of forlorn hopes that he could carry any part of his squadron successfully past that mighty armament, Yet he had no other |chance. So he staked all on that one desperate cast | Admiral Sampson, commanding the blockade, steamed away in his fla |ship New York early on the morning of Sunday, July 3, 1898, for a conferenap | with Gen. Shafter, some miles down the coast, leaving Commodore Schley” |in command of the squadron. At first sound of firing Sampson hurried ‘back, in time to jofn‘in the chase. It was about 9.30 A. M. that the Sunday quiet was broken by news of the attempt at escape. The vessels of the United States fleet were lying from 4,000 to 6,000 yards off shore. They were the battleships Iowa, Ore gon, Texas and Indiana, the cruiser (Schley’s flagship) Brooklyn, the “cone verted yachts’ Gloucester and Hist, and the torpedo boat destroyer Vixen. | From within the concealed harbor a curl of smoke rose. It was this that had warned the lowa's lookout’ The shore batteries of Socapa opened | sudden fire on the blockaders. The gray nose of a warship poked into sight the harbor’s mouth. Out into the open darted Cer 's flagship, the Teresa. The Oquendo followedg then the Colon and Vizcaya, and, five minutes later, the Plu and Furor. With bottled steam the fugitives came on, churning the water into mountains of white foam. Near to shore they all ran, headed westward. It was a beautifully ecuted manoeuvre. The harbor was. cleared, seemingly in a moment, ar he race was on ee But, swiftly as the rush for freedom was made, the Yankee guns were still quicker. Ship after ship opened fire on the enemy. As the range was found, the projectiles poured in still faster and with more terrible accuracyy Nor were the Spanish cruisers slow to take up the challenge. They re torted with an incessant series of port broadsides that Proved more speo |tacular than damaging. For the Americans had by far the larger, better | armament of big guns. The enemy's fire was first concentrated on the | lowa, as she was deemed the strongest Yankee battleship. | The running fight continued, every gun belching forth torrents of shot |and shell. The fast Furor and Pluton overtook the first refugees, and hid as | best they could behind their larger consorts. But their safety was only | momentary. In the first rush of pursuit the Brooklyn narrowly escaped collision with the Texas. But this did not appreciably check the chase. One of the Spanish cruisers caught fire from a bursting shell. Then a twelve-Inch shell from the lowa struck the Teresa. After the smoke of the | explosion cleared away the burning Spanish flagship was seen staggering | shoreward, The Oquendo was next to succumb. | six miles west of the harbor mouth an captain, Lasagas, shot hi f to av miles further on the Vizcaya was ov up the white flag. Meantime the Furor and Pluton were re trouble. One of them was struck, early in the action, by a twelve. shell. The yachts Gloucester | and Hist ran at the two torpedo boats, pelting them from rapid-fire guns and | driving them ashore on the rocks, where a party of armed Cubans gleefully waited to finish the wrecked crews. Many Spaniards drowned sooner than | to fall into the hands of their Cuban foes. | Now the Colon, alone of all the flying fleet, remained afloat. She was steaming away to westward at top speed, the Americans trailing in her wake and sending shot after shot at the flying hulk. The New York by this time had come up and joined in hunt. At 1.20 P. M., having rua miles, the battered, sinking Colon surrendered and turned her prow shoreward The fight was over. The whole Spanish fleet was captured or sunk. our ni just one life—that of Chief Yeoman E was killed by a shell. Another man was wounded. The Spanish lost 353 killed and 151 wounded. Practically all the rest were made prisoners. | The beaten foes were treated with the utmost courtesy. Capt. Evans graciously refused to accept the sword Capt. Eulate, of the Vizcaya, offered him in token of submission, Cervera was recelved aboard the lowa with all the impressive naval honors due an Admiral. The s' boats scoured the sea for wounded or drowne ds and ship stores were ransacked to feed lothe the hungry, half-naked captives. The war dragged on for months with no further battles of any especial consequence. Porto Rico and the Philippines were easily captured. Everywhere our arms met with swift victury. On Dee. 10, 1898, a peace treaty was signed. Spain lost ald ceded Porto Rico and sold the Philippines to us for So ended the Spanish-American war. It Is for posterity to decide how far the war was justified and whether s will prove a curse or a blessing to our country. Those tslands for the first few years of United States oo cupation caused continuous annoyance and expense, the warlike factions | | | a 9 meee ve The Dash for Open Sea. oo She was beached, a blazing wreck, nd half a mile east of the Teresa. Hee d the disgrace of surrendering. Ten auled. She was in flames, and ran The pattle had cost , of the Brooklyn, who ooo The Surrende~ of Cervera. eee 000,000. “Wouldn't she be the big goose proving almost as refractory under our “benevolent assimilation” as under Spain's tyrannical rule. With the fall of the rebel General Aguinaldo @ “You know more peaceable era set in. What the future may evolve—not only from the Filipino natives, but “I wasn't talking about the weather at all. I was wondering which one of me; were you the exception to the rule or was I the fall guy who meant busi- from foreign nations who may covet the islands or seek to use their iso lated position as a means of striking at the United States—the future THE — “The Luxury of the Rich.”’ | By Charles Johnston. OR any one who has imagination, there 1s a curlous and wonderful story oe» hind a “luxurious” bill of fare. Let us begin with the wines; and let uw | assume that they are genuine, for one can usually have the authentic thing | by paying the price for {t. ‘The wines on a richly decked table really represent the work of hundreds of French peasants, with thelr wives and children, who, in the midst of a lovely country, rise early and toil late, with loving and tender care watching over the growth and ripening of the fruit of what 1s one of the m | beautiful and decorative plants In the world. Millions of these thrifty, simple | people depend for thelr well-being and comfort on the constant demand for wines, and for the best and purest, and therefore the most expensive wines. The rich do not compel these people to work; nature compels them to work, What the rich do fs to influence the direction in which they shall work, and to bring within their reach all kinds of commodities in exchange for their work, * * ¢ So other things on the same table represent the well-being, the family. come tort, of shepherds in the hills, perhaps, of our own West, or of Wales or Scotlands or the wealth of fishermen on the rivers of Meine, or along our New England coasts; or down South, tn the Gulf, or in the oyster-beds at the mouths of our rivens; or, again, the earnings of the hunters nlong the fringes of the sea marshes, or among the woods and hills, or on the prairies; vigorous, adventurous men, with a warm love of every changing aspect of natura’ beauty,.who are thus able to lead haif-wild lives under the fair dome of heaven. It !s just this putting In motion of a huge army of folk, scattered over widespread regions, carrying out exacting tasks, that makes the cost of an expensive banquet; and the rich man 1s simply the (actor determining in which of a score of directions a constant stream of resources shail flow, bringing the power to work, and recompense for work, to & ried army of good people all over the worid. * * * ‘The basis of the whole thing 1s that the richest man tn the world cannot spend a penny except by paying some one for something.—Harper's Weekly. ————++ How the Curies Found Radium. Tor bolled the was.e pltchblende for day and days, with water and sode, END. Pr ‘over a slow fire, They emptied it into barrels and allowed it to settle Into a mud, says a writer in the Philadelphia North American of Mme. Sledow- ska Curle and har husband, the discoverers of radium. She >wns one-half of the world's supply of this marvellous metal. Her stock weighs one centigram—about one-seventh of a grain, They washed the mud and washed it again. Then they polled {t afresh, with carbonate of soda. They let the mud settle anew, and commenced +fresh to wash It. They treated the final sediment with hydrochloric acid, and secured a color less liquid, which they subjected to a series cf reactions and crystallizations, fole lowed hy refinings nd re-refinings, until in the end they had several infinitely tiny flakes. Anj these were radium, In the course of theic experiments they discovered polonium, named for; radhum. aha +s 9 Senne Sen eames e"