The evening world. Newspaper, April 16, 1907, Page 12

~ World’s Daily Magazine, Tuesday; April 1 RHP 50 ; 907: 6: “They te Wa By Maurice Ketten. fered at the Port-OmMes at New York as Becond-Clams Mai! Matter, RE BGT sass ticsis 6461 saikes Casstaltpsees s0oses NO. 18,074. | (nk 5 SI4h Seesatharsodeb cenedadhalt asa eddi id ded A SERMON TO TRINITY PARISH. T is not incongruous that at the as- sembling of the great Peace Con gress in this city the rector of Trinity —Parish—should—_raise—his voice in opposition. In his sermon on Sunday he “thanked God" fo Standing armies. He repudiated any sympathy with peqple who “waste time and breath’ advo-| cating the disarmament of nations and the substitution of arbitration for bloodshed, ] Is it any wonder such radicals as W. T. Stead sneer at the power of religious organizations and say > “The. Church of God has no more influence on general peace than a row of pins?” Mr. Stead, of course, had in mind such religious leaders as | the rector of Trinity Parish and not the Founder of Christianity, who! * said, as reported by Matthew: “Blessed are the peacemakers, for they | Shall be called the children of God.” St. Paul wrote to the Hebrews: | “Follow peace with all men.”. Solomon, in compiling the Proverbs, | Says: “To the counsellors of peace is joy.” The Old and New Testaments alike, both of which Trinity Corpora- | tion was created to teach, are filled with the blessings of peace and the | fewards to the man who is not quick to anger, who turns the other ct who works with love and not the sword. But it is not such gospel that Trinity Corporation either teaches or | | Practises to-day. It owns $80,000,000 of real estate in New York. Ac- cording to its year book for 1906 it expended for charitable and religious Prposes only $107,679.55 of its income from its rents and investments. | | It has a subsidiary trust company in which its officers and vestrymen are rect Tt_has committeemen who buy and sell to themselves__It has & pay-roll not for “religious and charitable Purposes,” which is not made Public. Its bookkeeping is hidden. It is as much “a Church of God" =the Mutual Life Insurance Company was, under President McCurdy’s Management, “a missionary institution.” The rector of Trinity says that “infantry, cavalry and artillery” are “Needed in New York because here live “a large number who are deluded wits visions never to be realized and seething with passions.” What ‘@re these “visions?” Universal justice may be one, Universal peace may be another. Universal liberty is probably 4 third. “Modern society is in a ferment to-day,” is another sentence from ‘this sermon. It is in a state of “ferment.” There is a general, uprising against wrongs committed by men in high places, against aristocratic lar- eny, wholesale thievery, oppression and injustice, against the very class of wrongdoers who sit in fashionable pews, and against the very kind of ‘wrongdoing that the rector of Trinity does not denounce, “Ferment” is a mild word to apply to their state of mind. heek, a Aete G2 &D2 GP By Nixola Greeley-Smith TOWNSEND HISEY, of Waterloo, Ill, whoyyears of age is still living on an allowance frafp bis father and who confided to says he ts going to be her that hia greatem ambition ts never to do any work. "You know," he con- 1 Biates, ts organizing fided to her, “there are a great many young men in Europe who never do any- ing with a Wheelbarrow. Woo wife. tt w ail | thing.” : zens ( every one may be satisfied Oh, yes," the girl replied entpuragingly. “Of course. And there are “ Kreat many tramps everywhere.” i - sty cslegsearpRacpicbo ud But you don't understand!” protested.the youth. “No man in my family Suppose that instead of denouncing movements “under the i : Sheen Sey has worked for five generations, They all married rich ‘grHs!” Social reform” the rector of Trinity would demand thot the Trir n r t x a atin To me it seems remarkable that this ambi . 1 tteett i eg ae a in the aspiring breast of the Illinola man with the wheelbarrow. It may be, ments be made sanitary, that appeals never again be ne haa aren ietaca evin [hewaver, that thle’ man, whose only Gob iat present-meewe (hal’ of Presidantich : te that 4 Pe eeet Nl ena te nee enieked ig namiaeainn’ atta hasibarram. lands to this of the Health and Tenement Departments, that ra | MMT AUREL Sees htm crate a eono contestant iitae umalie prefers to work tor a wife. subJandlord sweating be abolished iving in one 7 th Lanter rsiy ea imnacdltna alan ela SAME ADARRIAl ohana Antoig waiicanny sea cee. g \ ing in one room | It ts mascu in boarders. that sir tor A lashed Geresstiers Ae | he beet. Ally meeta retributive fuatiee more than halfway by having to work harder for not take in boarders, tha inks, run ‘ater and decen ¢ | Peel alae ry for carfare than another man does for his week's salary Provided. Suppose that Trinity propert as assessed like the property | beth e dgae The man with a wheelbarrow has more to offer a wife than any of the dap- of small taxpayers. Suppose Trinity honest] expend ay shed enough per fortune-hunters who seek to ry for a iving, ard t commend him to the for “charit vat . ¢ + sideration of the American hel As a subsiltuls for some crippled count or cnanity and religi : i i - oe > at twenty-five ber t baron she may be cons: tering If Trinity and the other great landlords of New Y — Trinity pew-hold if - “holders, Gd justice and charit es Not the r ’ . \. think “passions” 5 t Nasi ; By C, W. Kahles, - Passions” would be allayed tar more an Mant rd ie ae rd Pd and artillery >” uP Le a4 tgp a Letters from th Claarette € Peopie. Smoking [ MISTAM HOGs HE \ | SUTTENLY DO Love PLENTY Goob FEED ha Périence. t {4 7 pow ' comp havi tun Materio The Wait-er is Onthe JOB. A Mach-Courted Youth YOU LIMB OF SATAN! WHAT DQ YOU MEAN BY BRINGING ME AROLL AND TOOTHPICKS FOR MY, SALAD { WELL SHo'Ly / | GiB ME A BIG \ uP BRINGIN') Will the Wait-er Get aBlG TIP? ; Apply to Supreme ‘ 4 the| Te the ait os ny Jife in trying to get] Where can | my name 1 know severe! young @24 Ww Whom must | appyt anued an | DB Be SELF-EDVCAGIONAL SERIES ——No. |l2——~ The Dynarno. Fe Prof. Sylvanus P. Thompson. QB Principat of the City and Guild Technical College, Finsbury. (Reprinted from * the Harmeworth Self-Educator Magazine by special arrangement.) Copyright, 1907, International Publications, No. 2% Fifth Avenue, New York. HE name dynamo. familtarly jortened Into Dynamo, nally colned I (Greek dynamia, power) to denote a machine fn which dynamic energy (that is to say, mechantoas energy such aa that given by a steam engine of @ turbine) ls employed to produce an electric current, In recent years the term has been used, in ite weneral sonse clude all machines t of which is dependent on the + by Faraday {n 188, of the induct! rents by the movement ef copper conductors near the poles of magnets in such a way that the con- ductors cut through the Inviwible magnetic Unes Proceeding frem the magnet poles. In moat dynamos the copper conductors move, w Honary; in some the magnets revolve while the copper conductors | but tn the case of continuous current generators this ts rare | to design dynamos in which both parts revolve, but in opposite | One most important fact about the dynmo—and it Ie true | forms—te ite reversibility of function. When driven by mechanical power it gene erates electric currents, ‘but when supplied with vis It generates mechanical power. The very same machine that mechanical S:X-POLB FIELD-MAONET energy Into electrical energ: generator, will also ® electrical energy Into mechanical energy as a motor. In fa sr r function. This Is Indeed a most precious Prop elec a! \ransmission of power from place to place Field Magnets and Armature. Every dynamo consists of two the other lem: y niving par r wires, Ditterent Forms of Dynamos. or clearance. The revolving ean in ¢ magnetic lines, and so, © electromotive forces, These elect: along the copper ductors, and so, if connected to a circult, currents will be generated. Commutator and Brushes. opper conductors as they fiy * principle, ‘© forces tend to drive revolving conductors are cut th nk to Fara PY t © current must be collected from the revolving structure by means efi contact pieces, technically called the brushes, whic.. are connected. to the maing 4 h prose against the revoly.ng struct ¢ ator, however erforms @ function much more important thas merely as @ means of gliding contact, for, utile aid, the current | ollected would not be @ continuous flow Ike the current from « battery. ‘The; reason for thts is as follows: The poles of the feild magnet are of two sorte, poles and south poles, arranged alternately. £ volving conductors om 4. « the armature are moved first past @ north po! south pole, then past another north pole, and @o on in continual « on, it follows that the in- duction of voltege in the conductors will co lly reverse, and reverse back, penta in the armature This process seta up alternating cu re thene curienta were commuted, they would ve In ® perpetual alternation im tha! mains of the « t | It is the function of the commutater to commute, or change, these al iver t By continuous 19 meant f Some engineers ¢ t exist in the armature, and 4 m to the external ciroult ag. K steadily in one direction, | | such @ current @ direct tha a “continuous” current ke the current from a@ battery urrent, | Description of a Dynamo, ‘All essential features of a modern dyname can be observea tn the mac! | depicted in the Illv ion of & modern dynamo, On the left isa pulley by whieh | it can be driven belt from & steam The lehaft is supported by bear ren engine. Ings standing upon pedes t hich’ rise from # strong caat-lron bed-pl Between the pedestals stands. bolted to the bed plate the field inagnet sys jtem, consisting of @ cir lecular frame, or yoke, of | cast steel, from which pro jects inwardly four mas |elve magnet poles, each surrounded by its mag |netizing coll,” Between | these four peles the arm ature revolvee-a aubstan tial barrel-like, «° cylin | drical structure. A Modern Dynamo, At the right hand ead of the armature ls the commutator—eamtly identified by | noticing “ae It 1s ® amaller cylinder built up of & number of parallel bars, ) seaments, of copper. Upon the commutator press the brushes Of these there! two sets, of three brush The cet of three in from can be seam) | 41 m & whort, horizontal rod, which projects to t.¢,.aft from the ew ro ther bruas ar, °F fre whinh carrie (he brush sete. Pper part of tye commutator | This particular machine ts designed to run at 6#@ revolutions per minute, | to give out @ current of ® amperes at 260 volts. It will, therefore, at full | sive On output of 20x%) watte—that ta, 90,000 watts, or ® kilowatts, And that i | may do this one must put into It mechantoally at Jeast 20 kilowatts of a sen +a | power. Now, 1 Kilowatted M-horge power, therefore this machine will | 201. Men26.8 horme power at least, But in all machines there are certain jossem due to friction, resistanc If Unis machine haa an eMclency of per combs then to get the 2 kilow: (whieh are the equivalent ef 268 horse power) owt e IL, We Must put Into If 26.80 100+9428.6 horee power, Forms of Field Magnets. Almost ai} modern dynamos-have four or more poles, but many olé a many small motors of recent date have but two poles. Fig. i * 4 bipolar form, @ultable for small, inclosed motors, having the pole ting Inward from th 6 Ulvetrete forms the field e with ite 1 or downward form ts atlll met wjth in open motors. Pig, development, in which the whole of the exciting coll \s wound re. Muitipolar forma are preferred for all large lustrated in Figs. ¢to 6 Fig. $ ta @ four-pole form, practic magnets in the "Modern Dynamo" jilustrated. Fig. 6 le a imore special two of th» poles anly ® whie are left unwound, Fig. 7 is @ four-pole form, much used for tramway care. ‘The small pl 4 six-pole dynamo often used for machines of 1H power, « made very other ot the compact, on th! wilowant to