The evening world. Newspaper, December 3, 1906, Page 12

by the Press Publishing Company, No. §&2 to 63 Park Row, New York “Entered at the Post-OMice at Now York as Second-Clase Mail Matter. NO, 16,540, ET EVONUMEMTircutiscriiinirsiecesteges AMERICAN WAGES... ' + Secretary Wilson of the Department-of Agriculture made a Thanks- giving address which explains why wages in the United States are high.) « Carried to its logical conclusion, Mr. Wilson's statement of facts proves . that wages should be a great deal higher, and that the real wage cost} { tof production fs less in: the United States than anywhere ‘els: on the } + surface of the globe, - 2 at One ‘illustration which Mr. Wilson used was the production ‘of rice. | He said that one American-farmhand produces more rice than 400 China- +} Men. Wages in China are 10 to 12.cénts a day, making the money pay- | ' ™ént for the 400 Chinamen’s day’s labor S44 to $48. Paid at the) ~ Chinese rate for. the work which he performed, the American farmhand | should receive over $40 a day instead of $1,50,, uae 2 James J. Hill, President of the} Great Northern and other railroads, | has brought out similar facts prov-| Ing the inadequacy of the: pay of | his railroad employees, A_ train} * gang on Mr. Hill's roads handles | more than seven times as many ton miles of freight as the train gangs on English, French~and German} tallroads. The American engineers, firemen, conductors and brakemen! Tecelve half again or perhaps twice as much money as the European Yallroad men, and produce seven times the result. The reports from the Fall River cotton mills show a greater num-| ber of looms and spindles attended by each woman and child than inj the Lancashire cotton mills, and a money payment in wages very dis- proportionate to the Increased results. The American contractor who put up the Westinghouse works in England found that American bricklayers were cheaper than English bricklayers at twice the dally wages. They laid three times as many Ss Taking the census report of American manufactures, the per capita production is three times the average of European factories and the | wages are less than twice as high. Wages have a fixed Ilmit. They cannot exceed the value of the articles produced or services rendered. But high wages by no means compel high pricts. Not the amount of money pafd in wages but the value of the product is the determining factor in the price of an article. The wage cost of raising wheat in Russia with labor paid 30 to 40 cents a day is much higher than its cost in the Dakotas with harvesters paid $2 and more a day. Rather do high wages Imply cheap production and low wages dearness, es The $6,800,000,000 crops of the current year would not have been produced in the United States by cheap labor. Cheap labor !s neither skilful nor intelligent. It has no hopes and ambitions. It could never tun a threshing machine or a steam plough or even a_wheat drill) A hoe and a spade are the limits of its competent use. Therefore, since a hoe and a spade are costly tools with which to till, cheap labor is expensive. In the iron and steel business an American workman produces more tonnage than in any other land. If hls wages were based on the tonnage "wages “but in spite of high wages. Compared with the price the con- (Sumer pays wages are very low—fower than In China_ortIndla._The f results of the labor of American workingmen are milked on the way to thelr final use. réecelve and what they should reczive, and on the other hand the differ- ence between what American consumers pay and what they should pay. This, however, is no argument for any American workingman to do Yess than he can do. Every man should do his best and produce to his utmost capacity. Whenever any Individual or any trade reduces the ‘man, but only themselves and their fellow-consumers. The remedy for system of distribution the same intelligence and similar economies to those already highly developed in the American system of produiction. Letters from the People. In Elevator Acoldents, ne hea ure the radiroad offict will build extending poles on each end 7 |. To the Editor of Th: f I wii have anging D) , unpleasant exporte | ing | #1 dispute, and also 4 | i | Hee)! other readers by st | ALE | FE | to do in an eb i i time, } the car falls what ts time n crouch down so as to man who urges the ‘spine, to jun The. Evening ‘World's Daily Magazine, Monday, December 38, 1906; “Hot /Stuff!” By J. Campbell Cory. By Roy L-McCardell ees Tsim youd Grow wae | Chojige Tender Professors exclaimed Mra Jarr spilled the salt!" “What of it?" asked Mr. Jarr, as he calmly con- sued his dreakfast; ‘‘ealt's cheao,’’ ‘You may find tt dear enough,” replied Mrs, Jarr. oO spill alt is a eae TE JARR FAMILY % & SK ee) er a d over your left sho! f you throw the salt over your left shoulder there won't be an “Do you tilnk J'm going to be as silly as you are? you know that eign of a quarrel?” hat put such foolishne: said Mra. Jars, You wouldn't go “I do too many thingy you “And if it was it shows how lUttle you) into your head?" ‘ ‘ replied Mrs, Jarr, “it's Just an old superstition, | I'm not a bit superstitious. | “But I'm net going to indulge “I don't want you to!” and brutal, dos; snapped Mr. Jagr, Of course I don’t believe in it. @ mean and horrid je that tas a grain of sense,’ All those old fetishes and witcheraft mummertea @re_ridtoulous!" “And yet some people belleve in them firm! “i-suppore it's a-matter of lke to break a mirror or walk under a ladder or eit down _{ the consumer by successive middlemen, by the trusts, the railroads, the | ‘Mrteen at Re bArearay ae maar aa, baside himself ‘I'm going to get out It ts the last straw!” | with rage, he banged on the table till the dishes rattied, of this house! a . “Why don't you strike me? asked: Mr throw them at me—beat me! “Great Jehoshophat! you'll drive me to it!” . Of coure I wouldn't hat fs all that's lacking. I know you want to!”* shouted Mr., Jarr. Break the diva “IT should ees not. Why, if-one werned on: many hands through which the products of Industry pass until they reach |ilze by ali those ridiculous old tdeaa every ittle happening wou'd be of rayetert: | ritying portent."’ table, and tn his haste and awkwardness | of. tt, and as he turned | And Mr, Jarr ‘jumped up fro: ous and t * niused Mra, Jarr, ‘You know there ts an‘ old saying, | round the worse amd not the | the Wilkinses—thelr father was tm tne] nd was indicted for it?" fusked Mr. Jarr, “Certainly not; he was arrested or ng for having @ fat man on his wagon and welghise him with the coal ried a man named Watkins, and {t was a most! oratitious, but''— md you change ¢ Phe tithes swhich-all these _middlemien_have amassed renresent on | ‘Cnange the name : ons hand the difference between the wages that American workingmen | ttt coal bur at on purpose! You threw tt mered Mr. Sarr, “1 didn't mean to do tt. It was ac a tor being rich? w silly of you! Sot much," replied Mrs. Jarr; ‘but ave had a wort you'd only done that In the first place Nellie Wilkins unhappy marriage. ‘But what?" asked Mr. Jarr, Say, I wonder tf there ts any truth In those old superst Of course not, It's all a pack of nonsense.” volume and the quality of his production they do not harm the midéte Tf YOU Had a Wife Like This. : A LITTLE SURPRISE FOR THE] WIFE. NOTHING’S TOO Good POR HER. YES: IL (-— TAKE IT WITH ME. & & & & & ByF.G.Long [CONFOUND THAT CLERK! THE DER {STRING'S B HENRY PECK | IF YOU WERENT SUCH A SELFISH CREATURE YOUD Buy YOUR WIFE YoU KNOW WeLe 11'S THE SWELL THING Te HAVE ONE— Bur You NEVER THINK OF (16)! * what Injustices do exist is not in*shirking work but in applying to the fi A TEDOY BEAR. ies { break the shock of’ impac fracas with this, and wi A Christmas Porethought, the; man who suse Is it too to plan to give Christmas presents thly year’ for ¢ and not for profit oc tic der the spirit be uubstitute peace and tentation_and envy? a trink, Overcrowded Teoneme For More Cara To the Euttor of The bre It has been resenuy o Wo Wery to lave ‘gurface cars to rel Bat thero {a no sien of Suggest that pro Mometiink worth th hould stand on ti of And East Houston streets, betw: fhoars of soyon. und tight ALM dn: fact, all day. and BB they pass by with th itis to look af the public in he « seem to me re: of thelr sw wuld my mind ‘that | WU cvess The CARRY. YT HOME LIne THE REAL. SWELLS 00, 3 <jSAY! Bur won't )/HENRIETTA_BE | PLEASED? You CRAzy /oloT) 10 CARRY THAT THING || (OPENLY THROUGH THE STREETS | MOOL! TroU— SHENRY PECK! YOU HAVEN'T GOT (ENOUGH SENSE TQ BUY PEAKUTS ! You s—~ TWENTY-FIVE ROMANCES « PROGRESS By Albert Payson Terhune No, 10, JAMES WATT, and the Series of Accidents That Changed All History. N English nobleman, tmprisoned in the Tower of Jondon on a poll« A tical charge in the lattcr part of the seventeenth centyry, noticed one cold day that when he clamped down too tightly the“ild of a water- kettle on h{s cell stove, the lid would sooner-or later fly off. The prisoner, Marquis of Worcester, bad much time on his hands He fell to studying gut @ reason for these explosions. In time he had figured out thelr reason. The heat of the stove bolled the water in the kettlé. The-holling gener- ated A vapor, known ns steam. This vapor was bo powerful in its expan= sion that it forced tts way out of the narrow confines of the kettle and | pervaded the room. Experiments Igter proved that steam would fill 1,642 Umes the space occupied by the water which had formed it: It was a new force, a new and: tremendous’ power, of which the world at eee was wholly ignorant. The Marquis made many experiments along his chance~ | discovered subject. And the fame of thein reached the ears of Capt. Savery, @ military engineer. . Savery, soon after hearing of Warcester's theory, was one day eltting ip a tavern, He had just finigthed drinking.a bottle of wine. “He tossed thé bottle with its few remaining drops of lMquid Into the open fire Pres- , ently what wus left of the wine hesan to issue from the mouth of the | dottle In the form of steam) Saver} snatched up the bottle and thrust ita neck Into & pail of cold water that stood close by. Water rushed up Into the bottle almost filling 1t. ‘This phenomenon set Savery to thinking. He mad jexperiments and, !n 1698, took out a p a device for "Raleing wate. |and occasioning motion to all sorts of mill-work by the Impellant force of, fire.” In other words he made the first prictical application of steam power to mechanfenl use and, by following out the idea evolved by the 1@ -@ bottle in the tavern, he constricted a crude steam \¢ Savery’s Odd { Cusine or pump for taking water out of mines, To this { Discovery. raising of water by pressure he Joined the principle of procuring, by condensation, a vacunm. ——— This was later {mproved on by a st which (through the vacuum made by condens was forced. Sayery’s {dea was taken up by T | mechante, a year or two | Newcom m engine in an Engitsh hich steam | was let into a cylinder from below, 9 en up jin such a way that a pump-rod (fas 1) was j forced downward. A vacuum was formed by 0 tha | condensing cylinder, the atmo fc pressure from without drawing the | pleton down into | upward. | A primitive af | the greatest invent jthe modern stenin_engine, At ad this time J, Scotch mechanic, was picks ling up a seanty enough lying maker for Glasgow Untversity. JA model of the Newcomen engine was sent to him to be ‘repaired. Every jone had looked or; that engine as lt acuious. It had been acclaimed os the hirhest possible type of Watt did not agrea jwith this fdea. He to declare the engine faulty: ad incomplete, an ts for it The first an nc cylinder. By this the pump-rod was forced and wofully 1 and progr plete Yet tt payed the way for Mer the world has cver known— y for alternately z the cylin and condensing | the steam, The letting in of steam and the subsequent cutting off of come }munication with the boller while the steam w sed Involved a great | loss of time and st The ren ame to Watt as an Inspiration. Why not do awny with all this delay steam In some other ry vessel 43 the condonsa- 1f low and the | Stvouie with f G Ilo put the fdea into execu- Poverty. tion. Then he added an afr pump, to maintain. the Ba yncurh, and other iniprove Now that the work was done and the modern condensing steam engine \completed, Watt songht to put {ton the market. Rut here fresh misfortune awaited him. No one woald take up his {nventidn. Countless millions of dollars lay in {ts fature, but no one could s pra: al value, The making of his model had and taaterial that Watt was penniless and in debt. Thon followed the long | period of poverty and bopytersness that fa the portfon of so many proge reas-1akers, At lest an fronmaster, Dr. Roebuck by name, consented to finance Wat 's engine on the condiifon of receiving two-thirds of the profits. Watt closed eagerly—with the offer, aud his years of hardship were at last rewarded by prosperity and faine. if To a series of aceldents the steam eny is due, But, If these acta | dents had not been selzed upon and nsed to thelr best advantage by mem of genius, steam might not yot have beon utilized ‘Thus, Accident, plus Genius may be credited with the steam engine's {nventfon. Millionairesses May. Buy. By Nixola Greeley-Smith. ROF. EDWARD F fT HALE, speaking of als P loge protensors’ salaries Th Philad ja last week. told pedagogues to marry rich wives or ret the aase single, ‘. “Her means,” he |, roterring to the gilded lady, “will provide you with the time, the books, the accessories to cul ture and the social setting you need.’ Which {a all true enough. But, this belog 90, why worll at all? Why study, why road, w ‘out checks from the little red check-book bestowed by th@ fond lady? => aki Aly Why should a fine ghoice tender profensor sel! himself for less than his living? That ja something I have nevew been efile to understand, If a man doesn't object to worky why marry for money? If he marries for money, why work4 If he thinks his young affections worth purchasing In the ing In the style to which y hi been accustomed. i - ‘Pnia }den some men‘ have that women of milllons aro pining to marry them ts a singutar obsession. It s not confined to young men. There are sere bachelors of fifty or so, atill Hngering, unplucked, on the vine In the fond hope that lovee lorn milllonalresses. will come thelr way nnd choose them for mates. Moreover they belleve that age cannot wither them. Like the Cumean Sybil, thay thins one leaf—the jast leaf on the tree—should bring as much as the original number, But if w woman js going to buy a husband, why should she choose a col« loge professor rather than a prize-fighter, except, of course, that the prixe-fightes gunerally couldn't be bought? Are husbands purchasable by the pound or In fulk? and la ft desirable for the ma.rimontal candidate to have pounds of feat c yf gray matter? Meee cman who aeeka to marry for money nmiust havo beauty, Must the mag marketable be similarly equipped? And if «9, how many profexsora are*able td quality? I can't think of anybody Just now but Bernarr Qfcl'adden, i Lovest Thou These Ancients? . By Walter A. Sinclair. , T'S the rage in this age to be amit on a sage, On a mossback, allurian fossil, — / On some gent, old and bent, whose long years were misspent In the strenuous pudlio life jostle, It ts wad that the fad quite neat vorus has had, ‘And It's cruel to muck-rake again, Butydare Just be fair and tell how much you care When you're asked: ‘Do you Jove these old men?” There is Platt (think of that) and Depew. They have eat chaira in the Senate, asleep, ance, all askanos, at MoQurdy in France, ‘Most forgotten across the wile deep, i : There is bold ‘Lump of Gold" Prophet Dowle. Me'p old, | In he-one of those. fossils now meant? Jerome with fine comb drives ‘The, Allen from home— Oh, doesn’t he love that old gent? . ‘Ah, me! and should we fall In love with John Dest AS : For A. Carnegie heart should we burn? % "The dano of Lou Payn causes loving to wane, ‘ i While who for Tom Ryan would yearn? \ | There's one who has done what is equalled by none To win out on this ancient love plan: And this alfck. quick olf brick 1s good Jolly Batnt Nick— f And this month we ALL LOVE THAT OLD MAN. ‘ OO A Natural History Phenomenon.” Tithmes the hippopotamus exudes what has been described ag a “Ol meat.” Microscopically examined, the exudation is found to consist of great dumber of minute colorless bodies, resembling thé colorless puscles of the blood, and a smuller number of pink-colored bodies, made up some crystadline substance forming clusters of rodilike and triradiate form. Th becoming dissolved, give the surrounding fluid medium a deeper pink color that that observable. before didsolution took place, Both the colored and colorless matter appear to be exuded by special pores in-the skin which display settvitel only immediately after. the creature has left the water, > i fr