The evening world. Newspaper, July 20, 1903, Page 3

Pha haha A 4 5 Le ats Tih ck aa otis ot Aan ae a : Stee fe sys OIXTY-SIK YEARS PRIEST, TWENTY-FIVE YEARS POPE, Leo XIII. to End of His Ninety-three Years Retained Remarkable Vitality and Clear Mental Faculties—In Feeble Health When Elected, He Pro- longed Life by Abstemious Habits. ‘STRONG ENCYCLICALS ISSUED AFTER NINETY. Among the Latest Important Acts of His Life Were His Letters on Americanism and Divorce and the Celebration of His Twenty-fourth and Twenty-fifth Anniversaries. —— Sixty-six years a priest and twenty- | five years Pope, Leo XIIT. was the old- est man in active public Hfe in the world. In feeble health at the time he was elected to succeed Plus IX., by careful | Uving and abstemious habits he pro- longed his life far beyond expectation. To the end he had remarkable vitality and Mis mental faculties were strong and | vigorous. In June, 1901, on his ninetieth birth- ay, he issued an Encyclical on Amert- eanism which caused much disousston. | In June, 1891, he fasued a letter on labor which also aroused much interest. On March 3, 1902, Leo XIII. took part | in the public celebrations in Aonor of the twenty-fourth anniversary of his coronation by holding a ‘Papal chapel” in the Basilica of St. Peter's, on which occasion he was greeted by 60,000 per- | uons. This was the first time a “chapel” had been held in the Basilica s!nce 1870, such ceremonies having heretofore talen Place in the Sistiné Chapel. Thirty cardinals were among those present. On March 29, 1902, Pope Leo published @ long encyclicai letter, the tone of | which suggested testamentary recom- | mendations, and in which he deplored the renewed attacks on the Church and the “recent errors of humanity,’ in- stancing divorce, and picturing the pres- ent condition of society as having dritt- ed into a state of anarchy. ry Celebration. Anniver THE “THE PRISONER OF VATICAN.” Pope Leo rose at 6 A. M. Attended mann at 7. Breakfasted on coffee a bread at 0. Attended official business till noon. Dined on soup, boiled beef, a vegetable, and occasionally ronst beef. After dinner a siesta, Saw foreign visitors and sought recreation till early evening. Supped on cold brend, cold meat and salad at § P. M. Retired at 10, ph: in confenned to ent- ing wore at one meal than Leo ate in a week. His table ex- pensen did not exceed a dollar ada Ne a cold | tion and Instincts, kept close watca over his work at ‘school and was his valued adviser up to the time of her death, which occurred shortly before collegiate studies were finished. Young Pecci's success ‘In school’ was notable. He showed proficiency in all branches. In 18% is name was re- corded for first prize in physics and The twenty-fourth anniversary of | chemistry, and he also gained honors In Pope Leo's coronation was celebrated at | the Vatican July 6, 1902, by the entire «Papal Court, and thousands of members of all the Catholic societies assembled in Rome for the occasion, The last notable enoylical of Leo XIII. was dated Oct. 30, 1902, and was designed to promote study of the Scrip- tures. In February of this year he wrote a Poem, dedicated to a friend, whom he desired to advise on the best means of prolonging lif The twenty-fifth anniversary of his election to the Chair of St, Peter was celebrated Feb. 20 of this year with elaborate pomp in the Hall of Beatifi- cation, above the portico of St, Peter's. On this occasion he was presented with @ gold tiara, costing $25,000, as the jubi- Yee present of the Catholic world, and with large sumg of money from various sources, Received King and Katser, The celebration of the twenty-fifth an- niversary of the late Pope's coronation occurred In St. Peter's March 3, last, With all the impressiveness and grandeur of the Catholic Church, and on April % the pontificate of the’ late Pope sur- sed in length that of St, Peter, Leo TE, having then ‘been elected ‘Pope twenty-five years two months and seven days, known ag “the Years of Pete King Edward visited the late Pope in the latter part of April, and Emperor William was received by the late Pontift early in May. F ‘As a young priest he saw Bismarck and Gladstone begin their career; as Pope, still powerful and active, he saw them retire and die. Outlived Many Notables, He saw the rise of Lincoln to great- ness, and mourned the martyred Presi- jent’s fate. ois was % priest, ordained, when Gro- ver Cleveland was a year old. He was in the rush of his college Sourse when U. 8. Grant first saw the fe had done conspicuous service in the Church before Queen Victoria came to her throne. ‘He was two years old when we began our second war with Great Britain, and @ lad of five when Waterloo " was ght. Bince his birth have come the printing machine, the ocean steamship, the tele= graph, the electric light and ‘a host of Inventions once wondrous, ; He saw two republics and an empire in France and watched the war which united all Germany into an empire, He was but thirteen years from the Papacy when our etvil war ended and our slaves went free ‘ Conciliation Hix Poll Coming to the Papal.throne at a time when it had been shorn of all Its tem. poral power and only Its spiritual func- tions remained, Leo turned his back on Italy on the day of his coronation, but beyond the m fact of his refusing to recognize the Italian monarchy his career us Pope was not one of aggres- gion. Recognizing the uselessness of a fight against the prevailing temporal power, he wasted no time in “that dl- rection. His policy wes one of con- tinuous conciliation, directed toward the securing of absolute unity in. the churches of his faith throughout the ‘world. He kept constantly in touch with the religious and political movements, and his grasp of situations at home and abroad was something marvellous. But although the conclijation and unifying of Church interests were his constant aim, he never carried his concessions to 2 point Involving the loss of dignity. His work was done with his eyes on & grand church of the future, and never for a moment did he lose falth In the final triumph of broad Catholle princ!- ples, Baptized Jonchim Peect, Pepe Leo was the son of a noble fam- fly.” He was born in the litte mountain town of Carpineto, in the Apennines, and his father waa Count Peeci. He was baptized Joachim Vincent Raphael vico Pevcl, His father was a sol- @ier under the great Whose heel Italy was suffering at the! time of Joachim's birth. mathematical physics, in philosophy and Latin verse. In 189 he was matricu- lated as a divinity student at the Grego- | Tan University, | Tn 18% he won a prize of $132 for a thesis on the mubject of a mn mmediate A) to the Pontiff in Person Hero of Cholera Hospitals. Pius VIII. had recognized the merits of young Pecc! by more than one mark of respect, and Gregory coming to the throne appointed him one of the dome: tic prelates, Later In the same year, 1837, he was appointed Referende: to the Court of Segnatura, and wae ater, ward assigned to a place among the Drelaten charged with the fhanckel ad ministration of all the communus Papa} States, or the Also in the same year, 15837, he ri celved substantia, recognition ‘for hia work in connection with the cholera. hospitals, In the latter »art of the year the order of priesthood was con- Terred upon.him, and, in 1838 he went ea Governor of the Province of Benevento. It was while in this position that Mgr. Pece! had his first opportunity to dis- plav his executive qualides, He directe) his efforts against the brigaids who were running loose In the province and secured the arrest and imprisonment of the leading chief. His’ firmness and im- psriality in dealing with criminals of all sorts raised a great revival of order and confidence in. Benevento. In 1841 he was made Governor of Spo- leto, and from there was soon trans- ferred to Perugia, where democratic ag! tations and revolutionary societies were causing some alarm. His reforms there in the local administration and in pub- Me works attracted the most favo able attention at Rome, and when only in his thirty third year he was ap- pointed Apostolic Nuncio at the Court of Belgium, with the ttle of Archbishop 64 rt apoleon, under! many cas When Napoleon bad been overthrown ‘ Pius returned to his sovereignty | , Pied Bool my OF vere ator , the juci t uture Pope was In- he Jesuits. His motner, now- rita woman of most excellent educa- of Damieto, His tact and abflity made a marked tmpression upon King Leopold and upon all the dignitaries with whom he was brought intg contact at the Bel- gian capital. Decorated by a King. When, in 1845, he was recalled from Belgium to be made Archbishop of Te- rugia, King Leopold decorated him with the grand cross of the order founded by himself. In Perugia Archbishop Pecel's wise policy prevented a serlous outbreak in connection with the revolutionary wavo which rose during the early months of the reign of Plus [X. In 1852 Mgr. Peccl was created Car- dinal, but Qe continued to exercise the duties of Archbishop of Perugia until 1877, when he a’cepted the office of Car- dinal Camerlingo to Plus IX. his post Involved the Presidency of the Apostolic Chamber, and it was the office of the Camerlingo also to render the Jast services to the dying Pontiff and to become guardian over the dead Pope. These duties Cardinal Pecel fulfiiled when Plus LX. passed away. Cardinal Pecci's name Was the first mentioned as that of a successor to Plus 1X., and when the Cardinal heard how the’ Indications pointed to his election tears rolled down his cheeks and his hands shook so violently that he almost dropped his pen. It waa on Feb, 19, 1878, that secret bailoting for a new Pope began, and after three ballots had been taken, on Feb. 20, Cardinal Peccl's elec: tion Was nnnounced, 111 When Blected Pope. At this time the Cardinal, never a ro- bust man, was in such a ‘condition of physical frailty that it was not expected that he would live long to enjoy his new and tremendous honors, There were those who asserted that his apparent prospect of a snort life had to do with the read- iness with which his eivotion had been brought about, but both those who looked tor nis early demise and those few who felt that his abillty was not of the Sort to make a successful Pope have been happily. disappointed, ‘The twenty-five years’ reign of Leo XII. will stand In all history as one of ihe most important, interestitig ind useful period: Catholic Chureh, Pee aee 1 alley of conciliation since he has taken many different His attitude toward America has been most remarkable, and his concessions to the spirit of d In » positively staring, These concessions evince the shrewdness and greatness of hi and his, perfect Understanding pnditions worklag from the reach of his immediate. ovser- vation. ‘Thoy. were all made, of course, with a view of preserving the @trengsh and unity of tie Chureh in a land sittt new and a nation which, he felt, was at E WORLD: MONDAY EVENING, JULY 20, 1903. POPE LEO XIlJ. AS HE LOOKED WHEN HE LAST APPEARED IN PUBLIC , ON THE OCCASION OF THE CELEBRATION O1 Papal crown. Who shall be chosen to succeed Leo yours a matter of discussion not alo Jin the ante Pri ta 4 all Catholle countries and the capl- of civilization, ‘The question has been agitated time and again in the decade past with more or less heat, and {it Ix not kely that this ever know the Inshle alstory of the yarjous movem nor what bear the f rome tim Vannute catl, would be the choice of the Con- olay in the Sacred College of Cardinals. He is birth and Inclination; a diplomat of the greatest subtley. He has acted as Nun- clo at several courts, more notably that of Austria, and it has been belleved that that empire and thelr influence In his behalf whenever the time came, Of course, the espousal of his cause by Berlin and Vienna would mean the opposition of France and Russia. but with has become factor to be c cal politios, He has had experience in the administration of Church affairs as Under Secretary of State to Plus TX, mat of the highest order: called who acts as regent, @o to speak, durt death of a Pope and the election of his iit Oreglia « acting as Camerling: be considered In the He has a strong following both in and outside the Church, He ts a determined character, unylelding ever and of vio- lent predilections. on the last-named account as one who would be likely to bring trouble on the Church, But Popes are not selec i regard for the wishes of the !magina- tions of thelr predecessors. Cardinal dicated, it Is most improbable that Car- dinal Hampolla, the man who for some fifteen years Was the mouthplece and policy specially favorable to the Franco: Russian alliance. ‘That alliance, tt ma be added, he Is generally believed have In some measure helped to reallze. On the death of Cardinal Jacobini in the spring of 1887 he was appointed to the Papal Secretaryehip of State, and thus { be me identified with the markas series of official acts by which Le and with the democracy of the United States In particula Cardinals When Boys. nthe Kanras City fs no record in appointment an age as in past oritism of the Pepe, factor niversary of Leo's accession to the! gardens of the him when he no late date to be. in moulding the spirit and,action of the whole world Attitude Toward Americans. has. previously recent years of Visits of Corel thas. 100,000 citizens of the ad seen Leo XI. cans than ev [his in the Holy See r pme Church head, which for year Washington, the same remin.le jHous ‘relies and fac-similes o Tee that] PecoMIs to be aont to,Chicag Fears for the h Pon-|the Pope were general as to place the! his ever, Pope Leo gav the ‘delegation much to Impress the fact of the Uff's supreme authority head of the Church In close and living| stor mmunication in 1877, Car: Leo an an A with Its great branches Labor in 1886, through tactful report to and presented 1) was another instance and gool sense of the Pop with a threatening Issue, while the frat! continued to live pon frugal iy ground of the Catholic hostili Had the crusadi the result w been revoluti The establishment of the solic University at W the Vatlean Pope Leo XII. asa Man. cret societies, them succeeded ——— SUL Young. curlous history Most Sacred § glide than w States and Manitoba, and the quiet set- tlement of the ¢ pressed one th cal proportion. until long aft would not Le re festival of the successful diplomacy Jeo wax not only a con liator In. his : was ambitious to appear as a’ peacemaker for the whole d when he was | 3 He was deligh Germany and Spain over the Caroline services a8 mediator in the case of suc national lifferences as Engla clash with Spain. matle victories near home was that: aften interru that great Prince's sifort to ma Prussia and in Germany a mere tool jn {ES McGREERY & GC | Dress Goods Dep't. The Pope's ‘At one time the Archbishop of Co- ogne, Primate of Prussia, and num| of his distinguished prelates and clergy were imprisoned, and Jn 187 there not a single ur years la years before, ® alwaya 80 owed few I presented ain —ready to fit. Made of fine spider web mercerized, Batiste, handsomely’ em- broidered and braided, {Robe Dresse nr over 6) par- | and faithfully Leo fought conditions, securing noxious laws and thi rights of German Catholl Blamarck surrender conditionally and told the henhaus that blunder, since they almed at achieving the Impossibl Tt Js worth noting in conne: this struggle against unjust laws in ¢ many that scarcely four years aft restoration of tie ull strength and fous and remain day, Prince arance of per- jan and poet of high thon of mind, 1 joe es |Shantung Pongee and Japan ‘Tokio Robes. leged to end his felicitations to ¢ Life at the Vaticnn, nal Adolph Hoh of the Cardina first Cathallc Ch: Two Golden Jubilee Lea’ XII, had the privilege pf accey Nn washetand, In 1888 Rome waa a placo of pilerim= to all the world while f the then Pop 1s priesthood was celebrated, Five years later came the fiftieth an- Twenty-third Street, tended Mim at hy chair about s rolled hint In a the corridors and __. IPGPE'S SUCCESSOR, AND MASS IN ST, PETER’S.' HOW HE WILL BE CHOSEN, ~ There are many candidates for the HI. has been these many hanbers of Cardinals and 8 of the Church, but In the courts enoraticn will have been gible clerics, nts th tarted in the interest of ¢ of rulers and thelr ambitions of Church polities thought $0 that Cardinal Serafino Bishop of the See of Fras- Watchers of two brothers He ts the el aristocrat of the first water, by Jermany would wield He Has Wide Influence. eratino Vannutelli Is a man of wide sonal influence and often has shown to Leo, retaining al- , au uneasy respect for rs the Cardinal to ultmumentaniam, advancement of uge he re moderate. Cardinal Vincenzo Vannutelll 1s con- than his brother us a Papal but in the event of the lat- ction would have great power He would become a ated with In ecclestastl- He {is a finished scholar and a diplo- he Cardinal ts The Camerlingo, as ig the interregnum ‘between the jocessor, is always considered a strong bility for the high office, Cardinal di ‘Santo ste who is now no, therefore must st of candidates. Leo Feared Oreglin, Leo greatly feared him as a successor glia is advanced in the seventies, and age may be considered against him. or reasons which have {ust been in ego of Leo XIIL, will be ace any Votes at the approaching Cardinal Rampol'a has long most ardent advocate of a ‘claimed his growing sympathy with he democracies of the world In general a majo: ber hor | of a Pope. bishops, priests and dedcons—and there are and cum cla eis its name, dates from the long con= came law by a Bull of that Poy of the longest on record, isting twe years, Clement IV., the predecessor of i they have had upon| Gregory, died at Viterbo, and the Cardi= nals, not being able to ‘agree upon thé the disciple of St. Francis of Assisi, per= issued a Bull that all future should be elected In Conolave—that Gether and subject to specified restrie- | tlons as to diet and attendance until the election was over, i sary by the loss of temporal Wi” ata'BS ihe ee MRORRLRREN” Se true, but not wholly unjustifiabl i undue political influgnce or inti dials, was proponed in iit ‘ay Ge dinals, was propos in Ct Pevel,’ then © the who arranged that the Cardin of being s el death and the commencement of conclave for the election of cessor, it 18 possible that a cons! v4 Gotti's Growing Powers. Of recently created Cardinals none has gone further in a few years to win th: sympathy and respect of the Ro erarchy than Cardinal Gottl, He owes | the honor in which he is now held atj ity of two-thirds of their nume be necessary for the ejection The Cardinals are of, three orders. a rule, six bishops, fifty priests cen deacons. Custom of Locking Up. The custom of locking up the Caz@'n=— from which the Conclave rd election of Gregory X., and be- after ection to the Papacy in Ho. Conclave of Gregory X. was one choice of @ successor, were preparing to. ve the town, when St. Buonawenturas d the inhabitants to shut ‘thelr nd not to let the Cardinals gt was made. , regory X.'s election resulted. Shortly after his election Gregory Xe ES terme any body of Cardinals locked up oe Need Not Elect in Rome, ae An important reform, rendered neces, hamberlain of the C! orced to hold the wherever the Pope died, could “¢ any fown they thought more com’ ‘Thia innovation was sanctioned Pius 1X., who ever re: ie that “in view of the Ghanged ‘Doutioad f conditions the futute Conclave ‘should! be held out of Italy. Everybody shut in the Conclave ‘tel conclavist, but all conclavists are necessarily voters. In t, W conclavist is more especial; a the attendants on ‘the Carnal zi the are of two kinds, those particu tached to them (two endants to brea and a raydhh ss are th unctionaries of the Conc! the phystolan, the hotaty, the thealetas the confessor, the chaplain and the retary of the Concla' Th 01a) attached to each Ca secretaries oF | ent, 82 them most ourpariers and neg lations of the Conclave ‘are care a good, wily, diplomatic conclavist 18 of Invaluable ‘Sesletance his Cardinal, on, i During Leo XIII's pontifical festivities forty-two Cardinals Present in Rome out of a total ‘of. elght then living. larger proportion of Cardinals would be) j able to take part Jn the proceedings, fae |” nal ; : eluding Card! Gibbons. The conclave naw ordinarily hi in a wing of the palace of the Vatic: ranged for the purpose, in Each Cardinal has an apartment oo posed of two cells, one for himself. one for his conclavists. Bach cell numbered and the numbers of the ¢ are drawn for by lot by all the cardin before entering into conclave. this they furnish them as the) and the furniture of the cell of ; Pope-elect belongs by custom to first who can lay hands on It after *\ election, and taerefore generally falls this own conclavists. The windows which may happen to jin each cell are walled uP. = wh 8 the gate of the conclave josed th Dean of the Conclave keeps its | inside and the Marshal of the Con 11 nose office ts hereditary in the prinoss house of Ohig!, keeps the keys wit out. itched by Ambassadors, At the gate of the conclave. ho the Vatican chiefly to the tact, zeal and) there is a wicket (rota) which Is success with which some time ago he acquitted himself of a delicate mission! tending to the much-needed reform of the Church in South America. His dis- cretion and ability, no less than his) plety, soon attracted attention, And the late Cardinal Gallmberti (who had fully expected to have a decislve voice in the election of the next Pope) Is said to| have been so greatly impressed by the qualities of Cardinal Gott! that they caused him to waver in his old alle fiance to Caniinal Serafino Vannutelll, then supposed to be his capdidate. Another candidate {s Cardinal Syampa, @ good priest and a man of parts, but he has neither the diplomatic qualities of the elder Cardinal Vannutelli, noi po far aa can be seen, the administ live skill and authority of Cardinal Paroechi. The Learned Capecelatro, Mention must also be made of dinal Capecelatro, the pious, | npera hbishopy of Capua, Queen rgherita, in the lifetime of “King Humbert, secretly advocated the claims of Cantinal Capecelatro to the Pontif- foate, Were he sen it is possible | that something would be done, wit he sacrifice of anything held essential Catholics, to heal the breach be- | tween the Vatican and the Quirinal. Ceremony of Election. Few elections, political or religious, have ever called into service so much subtlety and diplomacy as those whi made the Popes however, twenty-five years have elapsed sine+ che last election, it Asonably be suspected that ‘the rered College not din the electioneering | Conclave as those of past two elections woul ar, and even fou been recorded as he eighteen months. Originallg the clergy and people v . restricted the quality of elector to the body of Cardinals, and Alexandey IIL, in 1179, declared that fully watched by five Papal Ma 4 Ceremonies, by the foreign ambassade and formerly by delegates of the ety Ri of Rome. , i. Ail the meals of the Cardinals are passed through this wicket. For the first time in the history @ conclaves a kitchen was attached to th conclave of Leo XIII., which was conspicuous for a great disregard. 9 numerous restrictions, and for consider able attention to the comfort of the G dinals and their conclavists, On the tenth day after the Pop death the Cardinals hear high mass ‘St. Peter's and then go in pr jon ter into the conclave, singing the Veni Creator Spiritus or hymn in honor of tt Holy Ghost. On the first day th > at liberty to return home to dine if the) choose, but at 1 o'clock the bell of t is rung by the order of the | dean for all visitors to depart. o'clock the seoond signal ig given, ax at 3 the great door ts shut, not to b ned again until the conclave Is Ove xcept that u Cardinal who has entered it may do so at any time, ————- New Profession for Women, (rom che Chicago Post.) Yet another profession for women come to light In England, where, inst of employing canvassers to int new soaps, scouring compounds such ‘household matters, they em “askers.” Realizing the necessity creating a demand for any new placed on the market, women are fo enter grocery stores and ask for df The same. store ts covered by an corps of “askers,”” which means ornine demands for the novelty. Finds: ing that his would-be customers will be. satisfied with any else, i Storekeeper lays in a. supply, and, paid fait ea! course, has to. work hard to dispose n of the Pope 11 Nicho-| ét, thus dot io ing ew thing ly well, and in ratio with the number calls made. tern Br ” other 26 and 28 inch, fine ni Extra quality Si ‘TAFFETA SILK PARASOLS, in stripes, checks TAFFE A $1.25 | | and fancy silks, | First Floor. ‘Women’s Summer Hosiery At Attractive Prices k Sheer Gauze Lisle Thread Hose, ¢ Bl spliced seams and double soles, ra Quality Fast Black Lisle with lace-work ankles, Extra Fine Fast Black Lisle Thread Hose, lace-work ‘ | ankles, embroidered in white andcolors, Valug 75c pair 456 e First Floor, Umbrellas and Parasols | At Greatly Lowered Prices To-morrow | MEN'S and WOMEN’S TWILLED SILK UMBRELLAS, ral wood handles, 1.95 Thread Hose, Value $2.75 Former price, $2.50 Value 50c pair 29¢ Value 60c pair 35e