The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, August 6, 1904, Page 8

THE SAN FRA NCISCO CALL, SATURDAY, SE—— v Angels Fear to Tread. Specia eepondence. ADQUARTERS OF THE CALL, RIETTA STREET, COV - 4 2 « HE GARDE LONDON. July Not more suddeniy did fame come to Ba- Poweil through his heroic defense of Mafeking than in these piping days has descended on Jamie jong defiance of the police from summit of a lofty chimney- has made Jamie a exploit onal character. It has been de- th in all the London i papers. And the nim- ie has not been long in me to pecuniary account, filling a profitable en- in a Beifast music hall, > prospect of making still more snoney on the London variety stage. But his sudden atizinment of prosper- an hardly be cited as an example t will serve the purpose of popular rance orators. Had he not one imbibed more of the ‘‘crayther” was good for him he would still be pursuing his dangerous calling in It is a lamentable truth owes his rise in fortune to the act that on this occasion he did get nmistakably and outrageously drunk. He was arrested and sentenced to pay fine, or in default thereof expiate his offense by a month’s imprisonment. Jamie elected to do neither. When eturning sobriety had again given him full command of his legs he suc- ceeded in giving the constables the ught refuge on the top of a h chimneystack belonging to doned factory on Sugar Isl- short distance from his own 1 the town of Newry. tion had been decreed and some » and mmot aba an home scaffolding, which had been to facilitate the wgrk, made ent a v-unmara!i\‘él,\' k for a man of Jamie's nerve -and skill But it was too tough a job for the police to undertake—es- " pecially with Jamie on the summit - prepared to drop a brick on the head of the first of them who appeared in- . side. They concluded that it would be safer to lay siege to him without “"and starve him into surrender. But Jamie’s numerous friends contrived to smuggle supplies to him despite all - their vigilance and for two weeks he heid possession of his novel fortress. Some ally managed to send him up a red flag, which he waved defiantly * @t the police below and dared them to ome up and take him. During the daytime crowds assembled about the mneystack and vociferously cheer- ed him. Newspaper correspondents were dispatched to the scene, who held long distance interviews with Jamie and telegraphed to their va- rious papers graphic accounts of the progress of the siege. All this spelled {ame for the plucky Irishman. Just . how he contrived to sleep on his giddy perch is his own secret. But every morning found him there as fresh as a daisy, dancing jigs and singing songs for the delectation of the crowds be- low and heaping scorn upon the po- lice. Jamie.became the popular hero “of Newry. Had there been a Parlia- mentary vacancy in the district he might have been elected by a large majority. But pride goes before a fall. One night Jamie essayed to descend from the chimney to communicate with some of his friends who had signaled him that the “bobbie” who was sup- yposed to be on watch was asleep. Some distance from the ground he missed his footing and came down with 2 ‘crash. The policeman, awakened from his slumber, pounced upon him. Jamie was a prisoner and it was ap- parentiy all up with him. But his wits did not desert him. He was hurt, but his injuries were not nearly so bad as he made out. Between simu- lated groans he declared that his leg was broken and that he was injured internaily and insisted on being car- ried to his home at once. The police- man consented, for he felt sure that in hie crippled condition Jamie could not again escape the limbs of the law. For a coupl. of days he lay in bed “plaving possum,” and whenever a po- liceman entered his room his suffer- ings became intense. The police kept no watch ‘over him there; it seemed obviously needless. They proposed that he should be removed to the pris- on infirmary at Dundalk, where he could receive proper medical attend- _ance. He gratefully acquiesced in the ion. But bright and early yext ng he slipped out of bed and despite his Jumeness managed (o reach the top of the chimneystack agein- and there the police who came 10 take him to the infirmary discov- ered him as chipper as a cricket. Then a Belfast music hall propri- etor awoke to the discovery that talent was being wasted.on top of that chim- neystack. Negotiations were opened with Jemie on his lofty perch, with the result that he is now reaping the reward of his climb to the pinnacle of fame. He is popularly supposed to be still defying the police from ‘the theater, but it is shrewdly suspected that his fine has been privately paid and that he has made his peace with the police authorities. s+ Centrol of Kansas River. The Kansas River floods have called . Pew attention to the methods recently “ advocated by the Bureau Forestry for controlling the course stream &ard for repairing the damage to inun- dated farm lands. The ' high water sh steeplejack. because of | Its de- | ! | | whole 120 miles of the valley not only mark this summer is ten feet lower than that of last season, nor is the| property loss comparable to that of a; yeer ago, when the damage wrought exceeded $20,000,000 and when over 100 lives were sacrificed. But in permanent icjury to the productive capacity of the region it may well be that the river has delivered a second blow as serious as was the first. The flood of 1903 was the greatest since 1844. Until a year ago the valley of the Kaw was as fer- tile as any on this continent. For cen- turies the strips of woodland along} the banks of the rived bed impeded the | rush of overflows, and the silt that| built up the-rich land had been precipi- ed. But under agriculture the trees vere gradually cut down, in many cases right to the water’s edge. The result was inevitable. In its natural| course the river runs rather slowly| and with many windings through its! flat meadows. But when it overflowed | the water swept straight down the val- | ! Unimpeded by trees, it increased | its veloecity, in some places cutting for itself new chennels, and for almost the deeply eroded the river banks, ‘but played havoc with the valuable farm | lan In some places the rich soil was cut away to the barren sands or grav- els: in others coarse sand was laid six and eight feet deep over the fields; in still other places great holes were ! gouged out and lakes formed acres in extent. Of the 250,000 acres of remark- | ably fertile lands, worth from $100 to $250 an acre, which the valley con-| tained, 10,000 acres were completely de- | stroyed for agricultural purposes, 10,000 acres more were damaged 50 per ceml of their value, and the whole area was | greatly depreciated in value owing to| the general sense of Uncertainty as to the future. That these fears for the| future were well founded the repetition | of the disaster makes sufficiently plain. But the condition of the citizens of | the valley is far from hopeless if they | will put into active and general opera- | tion plans for the protection and re- clamation of their lands. The Bureau of Forestry has devised systems of tree | planting for the river banks, the sand- | covered lands and the deeply eroded | lands. The object of the first is to pre- | vent washing of the banks, to protect | the whole area from the full force of floods, and in time of overflow to check | the tendency to gully and cut new channels. The last two systems of ' planting are for ultimately reclaiming the now destroyed lands and making them produce in the meantime a valu- | able wood product while the work of reclamation is going on. The sanded lands are now useless for | crops, but will grow cottonwood, which | twenty years hence will make valuable | sawlogs. In the meantime the trees| will be reclaiming the land for field | crops. This they will do partly by the'| fertilizing effect of the decaying timber | litter. But should the flood waters re-| turn again the timber would very likely | be in a positian to render much greater | service. Examination of the area af- fected a year ago shows strikingly that | where protective grpwths of cottonwood | checked the rush of the current the| land beyond was generally covered nolf with sand, but with silt, and is often if anything more fertile than before. | With extensive planting of forest trees another flood would undoubtedly bring | back at once to fertility much of the land which now has been made barren. | The Bureau of Forestry is now send-! | | ing to the eitizens of the Kaw Valley a mimeographed circular of recommen- dations for guidance in forest planting on their damaged lands, in which it is said: “Wherever the river has changed its | course and straightened its channel| every possible effort should be put forth | to keep it straight. Much of the dam- | age that was caused in the great flood of 1903 is directly traceable to crooks in the stream. The soft, bare banks should be covered with willows at the earliest possible moment to prevent the stream from again becoming crooked. In addition to the protection of the caving river banks and the reclamation of the sanded and eroded lands, the landowners of the Kansas River Val-| ley should immediately co-operate to secure continuous belts of timber 250 feet wide on both banks of the stream. Such protective belts will be far more serviceable than dikes of earth or ma- sonry in mitigating the destructon that may occur from overflows. The future wealth and productiveness of the valley as a whole will be largely | dependent upon the practice of for-! estry for protection against devasta- tion by floods.” Russia’s Scourge. The London Mail gives this spirited description of the nihilist: At the edge of the pavement he stands, in the uniform of a Russian university student, smoking a yellow cigarette, and the carriages ply past him throughout the hour of prome- nade. Princesses, men in the uniform of ducal regiments, the splendor and wealth of the capital of Russia file along as though for his inspection and his is the eve that weighs and ap- praises them all by the standard of the poor. To look at him one would say the fire of nihilism ran in a foul channel. He is meager, mean-chested, little of stature, with low brows and a wide, loose mouth, a representative of the poor type, lacking in brawn and beauty, springing weedily from a profitless stock. There is something vapid in the bloodless pouch of the cheek and the bonelessness of the jaw; nothing finishes with a click; the con- tours are not definite. Ah! but you have not seen the eye— the eye that burns far back in its socket, the poet’s eye that see Death ride by on a white horse among the careless guardsmen and ladies, the eye that is dull to the material and kindles only for visions. In the lurking frenzy that inhabits there, like a genius or an obsession, there is that which redéems the whole unloveliness of the gross face and body, as though the soul ran riot while the flesh obeved laws. Madmen have such eyes, and great artists, and the nihilist must needs be of the essence -f both, E is the produet of a need and an piration, the great need of the stricken Russian poor, the inspiration of new knowl- edgc and freedom seen from afar. - | lapsed in the seafaring habit. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proptietor . . . . . . . .. . Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager Publication Office ..... vrves: i AUGUST. 6, 1904 THE MERCHANT MARINE INQUIRY. HE first session of the Merchant Marine Com- T mission developed the three lines of opinion on the subject which divide the iriends of American shipping on both seaboards. First of these is in favor of a direct subsidy, which is better called a bounty. The second stands for iree ships—that is to say per- mission to put the American flag over foreign built ships and grant differential duties on all imports carried by _them. The third wants an export bounty per ton ad valorem on all domestic goods carried by American ships. These three opinions are represented on the com- mission itseli. As they all aim at the same object it { is proper to inquire into the difference between the means they propose for reaching it. The object to be attained is the encouragement to be given by the money of the Federal Government to the revival of American shippirflg. The proponents of the three plans will not differ materially as to the annual amount of such money required to effect the purpose. The first plan is to take it directly from the treasury and apply it to the purpose under such rules of over- sight as will protect the expenditure. The second is to pay the same amount of money by taking it out of the revenues before they reach the treasury. The third is to put it in the treasury on imports and pay it out as a bounty on exports. The first and third plans have the merit of requiring the building of ships by Ameri- can labor, so that part of the bounty, by whichever means secured, will go to pay the wages of American mechanics. With this exception the plans all merge into the one issue of a bounty. This being true, that one should be adopted which will the easiest and most economically apply that bounty to the object sought. It is an augury of success that the friends of the proposition have so nearly reached an agreement that either plan may be adopted with the substantial hope that it will attain the object sought. It is the belief of many practical men and thinkers that the best of the three plans is the direct bounty, because of its superior economy and its more imme- diate effect. A differential import duty will require a costly special system of custom-house accounting for ascertainment of the rebate and it will impart great un- certainty to the volume of revenue, which will prevent accuracy of estimgtes as to the prospective resources of the treasury. The export bounty is open to the samec objection, as it will require the addition of special facilities in the custom-houses to verify the exports and apply to each its ad valorem share of the bounty. This also leaves the resources of the treasury in doubt, since it is quite impossible to estimate the amount that will be required to pay the bounty, the volume of which wiil fluctuate with the foreign demand for our products. \ After all, both these plans are to effect the same thing as the first—the provision of a money bounty to revive our merchant marine. We can understand that there is a natural desire to get the money in such a way as shall excite the least popular prejudice, and that causes a resort to an indirect bounty system, which may, in the end, cost the people more than if the hounty were direct. If this be so, it will be better for the proposed policy to approach the solution squarely in the beginning by direction and not indirection. One other merit of a direct bounty is that there are no mysteries about it. It is not half concealed and hali disclosed. Its features are all in full view from the beginning. If it prove necessary to change after it has been tried, it is easy to go from it to either of the other plans, but a change from either to it would be difficult, and so, if they prove defective and incom- petent to accomplish the purpose, there would be danger of a collapse on the whole policy. 1f free ships are adopted the permission to put them under American register should have a time limit. Free ships would; in our judgment, put an end to Amer- ican ship building. It would disuse and dismantle every yard in the country. It goes, without saying that a | revival of our merchant marine means, or shoald mean, not only the owning of ships, but also the capacity to build them. To this end the bounty should flow both ways. It should put ships on the stocks in American yards as well as on the sea under the American flag. 1f we have to resort to foreign builders to buy ships we will have taken but a short step out of our present system, which compels us to resort to the foreign owners | of ships to transport our commerce. Any system that is adopted should provide the pay- ment of part of the bounty to secure the apprenticeship of American boys in seamanship. Our people have To such an extent has this occurred that nearly all of our merchant crews are foreigners, as aye a large percentage of our naval crews. This is caused by the decline of our shipping. Sea- going offers no career satisfactory to American ambi- tion. Tt is necessary that this be changed. Much js said about our protective policy as a cause of the decline of our merchant marine, and the deep- sea primacy of Great Britain is cited as an effect of free trade. This is a superficiai view. We have followed a policy of protection on land and free trade on decp water. Great Britain has reversed this by having pro- tection on deep water and free trade on land. Her subsidy and bounty system has given her merchant flag primacy of the sea. Our protective system has given us primacy in produefion on land. The Japanese have insisted upon the deportation of a dare-devil American correspondent, whose only fault was the remarkable exploit of getting into Port Arthur and getting out again with a whole skin and a thrilling experience. The little brown men would have been wiser in their generation had they suffered the Yankee scribe to remain and then kept close to his trail. While he un- questionably would have led them into trouble he would have given them something substantial for their pains. P agricultural department of the University of Cali- fornia, has entertainingly described the aids that California has contributed tc\fruit‘gfowin& These orig- inated in home needs, but the means have been adopted elsewhere, so that this State has added not only its products but a knowledge of how to cultivate varieties to the world at large. 3 ) Clean cultivation during the growing season, Professor Wickson asserts in the Pacific Rural Press, may not have been invented in California, but the world paid no attention to it until California exhibited its benefits on hundreds of thousands of acres. The truth of Jethro Tull's theory of tillage was demonstrated. Clean surface cultivation, coupled with irrigation, as exemplified in this State, is acknowledged by fruit growers generally to be essential. - That lesson is lasting and the profit to . BENEFITS OF FRUIT GROWING. ROFESSOR E. J. WICKSON, connected with the mankind is therefore to be extended to many genera- tions. The low, vase-shaped fruit trees were first made the standard for orchards by California. They are now common in the orchards of all continents. Modern fruit growers cannot afford to use the old-time high trunk trees that require spliced ladders to reach the fruit. Time and labor are both too valuable for that. Trees cannot afford to pump sap through several yards of fire- wood in the shape of useless trunks and branches. California has led in the-matter of marketing fruit products in foreign lgnds. Luther Burbank has given California the leading place in the creation of new varie- ties of vegetation and he has worked with_ the require- ments of the world at large in view. yard protection from insect pests first reached systematic attention and large development in this State. Insecti- cides and the employment of beneficial parasities have insured the permanency and profitable pursuit of fruit growing. ’ The creation of competencies for thousands of Cali- fornia orchardists and vineyardists, the large and out- of-door life that may be traced to fruit growing as an occupation, the origin of beautiful towns and cities in fruit growing districts, the abundant capifal that makes for prosperity in California, the conversion of wild lands into farms, the realization on a large scale of the ances- tral desire to sit under one’s own vine and fig tree, the attraction of desirable citizens from all parts of the world to this State—these are among the benefits that Professor Wickson attributes to the fruit and vine in- dustries. 2 There is no one who will deny that to the grower of products of the soil in California the greater share of present prosperity in this State is directly attributable. Indeed, but for discoveries relating to the soil, all of which were made by men interested in its cultivation, there is little doubt that when the placer mines were no longer greatly profitable the gold seekers and most of the other people who came here during the early days ol California would have returned to the East or to foreign lands. Great honor is unquestionably due to the farmer, who, after the gold-seeking pioneers, may be termed the preserver of the State. Warned by the conflagration that devastated the busi- ness district of Baltimore and destroyed magnificent steel and stone structures as if they had been paper, men who lead our citizens in the march of municipal progress are discussing the serious problem of what constitutes an absolutely fire-proof building. With San Francisco on the very threshold of its entrance into the world as a great modern city it is difficult to suggest a problem of more intimate or pressing importance than that involved in this discussion. T show within its covers such a group of famous names as will be found in The Sunday Call Maga- zine to-morrow. In affording such an expensive array of the leading literary talent of the day, The Sunday Cail has taken a tremendous and original departure from time-honored Sunday supplement methods. There will be an installment of a novel and seven short stories, all by leading authors, in addition to eight pages of special articles. In the matter of space alone no monthly magazine can publish the quantity of material that appears in The Sunday Call. Finley Peter Dunne (“Mr. Dooley”), who needs no introduction; Marie Corelli, the greatest woman writer of the day; Jerome K. Jerome, author of “Three Men in a Boat”; Max Pemberton, author of “Kronstadt” and “The Phantom Army”; Stewart Edward White, author of “The Blazed Trail” and other famous stories of the hardy lumbermen of the northern lumber camps; Ray Stannard Baker, whose series of articles recently pub- lished in McClure's on the labor question has. made his name a household word, and Keith Gordon, comprise the leading names in The Sunday Call Magazine for to-mor- ow and constitute an array of the very strongest names il the literary world of the day. The Dooley article for to-morrow will be a discourse on the duties of the Vice President, an office which, according to Mr. Dooley, “isn’'t a crime exactly. Ye can’t be sint to jail f'r it. But it's a kind of disgrace.” “Dr. Xavier,” a novel of mystery and adventure by Max Pemberton, which will run in four installments, makes its initial appearance. The story deals with the for- tunes of Esther Venn, who is taken from a position of poverty in London and transformed, through the art of Dr. Xavier, into a reigning beauty of the Paris salons and a bride of royalty. The aims of Dr. Xavier, in his operations with respect to her, form elements of mys- tery in a story which is at all times engrossing. “Wait- ers 1 Have Known” is a quaint dissertation by Jerome K. Jerome; Stewart Edward White tells a frontier story with plenty of action and gun play in “Billy’s Tender- foot”; Ray Stannard Baker's story “Uncle Luther Dow- ell's Wooden Leg” will appeal to all lovers of a homely, old-fashioned tale; and on the storiette page “Rafo,” by Frank H. Sweet; “Her Last Call,” by Keith Gordon, and “A New Climax,” by Hubert McBean Johnston, form an entertaining trio. Among the special articles will be “The Chorus Girl,” by Colonel Kate; “The Secrets of Home Candy Making,” and “Grandmother’s Quaint Old Shawl,” by Madge Moore. THE SUNDAY CALL MAGAZINE. HERE is not a magazine in America that can The Grand Jury of Bell County, Texas, has indicted fifteen hundred physicians and druggists for violating a local option law and selling whisky to the thirsty who otherwise would have to exist without the cup that as- pires to things new and strange even in the Lone Star State. The defendants should be prosecuted for cruelty to humanity. Anybody who will encourage the sale of drug-store whisky is guilty of a heinous offense against the human species. P C— The startling discovery has been made in New York that the owners of the General Slocum have in opera- tion a sister ferry-boat that is-in as bad or worse condi- tion than was the destroyed vessel. If ever remedy sug- gested itself to a horrified public surely this condition does. Prosegution immediate and punishment severe should follow the disclosure. Omne such lesson as the burning of the General Slocum is enough for the Amer- can people. — The battleship Ohio is now enrolled among the for- midable fighting ships of Uncle Sam. She is not as dpeedy as the Government would have had her, but she is fast enough to catch a fleeing foe and dangerous enough to make an enemy -espect our flag. Let'us hop she may never be called upon to vindicate her prowess, but if she does let her add luster to a naval history al- ready bright in recorded victories, . .....Third and Market Streets, S. F. | Orchard and vine- | TALK OF THE TOWN Another Junius. It was the day after election and the toilers of the city front were fighting ! over again the battle of ballots, dis- | cussing the candidates and telling of | the share the horny handed had in the defeat and election of the variou: aspirants for office. Leaning over th rail of a steam schooner were four hardy Norsemen. Oscar, Olaf awd Andrew had said their say, addressing their remarks to Ole, who maintained | & sphinx-like silence. When he broke it it was thus that Ole, the silent i sailorman, deliveréd himself: { “Ay tank at bay a good job ve elect Schmitz. Dot fallow Taydor Resenfelt vos too schmart annahow and vould hov ruined the whole dom city.” Shattered Ideals. the stylish young woman in the sky- scraper hat arose and advanced toward the rear platform. When opposite the conductof she extended her daintily gloved hand. “I beg your pardon,” she said in a musical voice, “but you overlooked my fare. Here it is.” The conductor looked confused. “Thank you, miss,” he mumbled, glancing around at the other passen- gers to see if he could ferret out any of the company’s “spotters.” She seemed to read his thoughts. “Oh, don’t’think that I am going to report you for carelessness,” she hastened. “No, indeed. You are rrobably one of the most conscientious employes on the road.” The conductor actually blushed. “Thanks, miss,” he stammered. “You are so busy looking out for the safety of your passengers that it is | impossible for you to be collecting fares all the time. These big cars should have two conductors. Better lose a thousand fares than have one accident. Am I right?” “Yes, miss.” “Your face is honest, young man. I ;nfl\'er hesitate to tell a person this when I am certain it is true. Always remember that honesty is the best policy.™ Gathering her sigrts firmly, she alighted and was soon lost in the crowd. breath. “Talk about sensible women,” he ejaculated for the benefit of the plat- formites. *“Well, I've been on this line ten years and that is the finest speci- men of the true lady I've ever met.” Then he looked at the “nickel” she had pIrFsPd into his hand. It was lead. The conductor took a long The Dusk Witch. De Dusk Witch cum when de sun go down, En he prowl! En he prowl! En he prowl! He shake de limbs in de timbeh groun’ Till he wake Misteh Owl. He draw his cloak cross de sunset skies, En he change de red to gray; He hlorl his bref, en de swamp mists rise Down deh wheh de brack mink stay. Hush, hush, ma honey, yo' betteh keep still, ‘Who ’&’](‘lgt callin’ but Bre'r Whippo’ De Dusk Witch cum in a hood ob gray, En he roam! En he roam! En he roam! He rouse Bre'r Cricket in de chimly clay, En de mole in de gahden loam. He tech de stahs, en dey lighten up, De deavdrops staht to shine. He mak’ det moon lak a big red cup Hung up on de dahk sky line. He wuk o swif’ in de late twilight, De Dusk Witch cum befo’ Mis' Night. De Dusk Witch cum when de day am daid, En he flies! En he flies! En he flies! He sif' dat san’ in your trundle bed Till it seal yo' lil brown eves. De brack owl hoot in de cypress bough, En de brown bat circle low; De Dusk Witeh cum foh Ah see him now, He doan min’ de walls noh do'. Dess cl:‘ase up yo' eyes, mah lil brown chap, He dassent take yo' fum brack mam's lap. —Puck. The First Submparines. So many warships have been de- stroyed by submarine explosions in the Russo-Japanese war that each side has repeatedly accused the other of using a submarine torpedo boat. If that should prove to be the case it would be the first time such a vessel has ever been successfully used in war by any nation but the United States. The first submarine vessel ever used to attack a hostile ship in war time descended into the Hudson River at ‘Whitehall, under the eyes of Washing- ton and his staff, in September, 1776. The British had attacked New York: Long Island had been lost to them and Lor@ Howe's fleet was anchored in North River. David Bushnell, a young enginedr just graduated from Yale Col- lege, had invented a spherical copper vessel called the American Turtle, in- tended for submarine use. It was pro- pelled by oars set in water-tight sock- ets, had a tiny conning tower and was just big enough for one man. It had an auger protruding through the top and the plan of attack was for the | submarine worker to drill this into the bottom of an enemy's ship. was then to be detached from the out- side of the submarine and fastened to set going and when the diver had es- caped the explosion would follow. Bushnell showed this machine to General Parsens and to General Wash- ington, who approved. Ezra Lee, a brave young sergeant, was detailed to make the attempt and Bushnell taught him to work the Turtle. At midnight, September 6, he entered the little ves- sel and was towed out into the river by rowboat Washingten and his staff watched anxiously for the re- sult. The prime object of Lee’s attack was the sixty-four-gun frigate Eagle, on board which was Lérd Howe himself. Hours passed without an explosion and at last when dawn came Washington was convinced Lee was lost. Just then, however, barges were seen putting out from the shore of Governor's Island. went almost to midstream then .cl;ered and made hastily for shore. As the car approached the corner A mine ! the enemy by the drill, a clockwork | — A moment later came a terrific sionl on the surface close to the | agle and the British fleet in consternation slipped their cables and made out of the harbor. Some time later the top of the Turtls appeared above water, not far away Rowboats went out and brought her in. Lee was found unharmed. He had reached the bottom of the Eagle with- out difficulty, but had found it sheath- ed with heavy copper, a protection not against man but against other sub- marine enemies. When he attempted to drill through this his vessel bounced away and gave him no purchase. He worked two hours at the Eagle and then visited other vessels with no bet- ter Juck. At last he released his mine and started home. He came to the surface close to the British barges, | then sank again and pulled for White- hall. The Turtle was used again a year later to attack the Cerberus off New London, but, instead, blew up a schooner lying near the frigate and killed a number of men. That was the first vessel ever so destroyed. Though Fulton built a successful submarine, none was used in war again till the Davids were built for the Con- federates. There were several of this | class, one of which blew up the Hou- satonic in 1864. Since then nearly every navy in the world has experi- mented with submarines. Russia has several on her list of war vessels. France has, done the most with them and has the largest number, more than seventy. The United States has second place in numbers and disputes first place in efficiency.—Youth's Compan- ion. " Geronimo, the Shadow. Geronimo, the old Indian chief, re- cently visited Lawton, O. T. The Law- ton State Democrat sa; “The health of the old chief is still good, although he is very aged. His home is ten miles from Lawton, yet he usually walks to and from the place to do his trading. He is quite often asked to give an ex- hibition of his skill as a marksman with the bow. This he readily consents to do provided a nickel is made' the tar- get and is to become his own in case he hits it. Geronimo denies the state- ment of General Miles that the general captured him. The old warrior says that somewhere up on the mountain: when he was on the warpath, two white men came to him and told him that General Miles wanted to see him. The men- accompanied him to the camp of the general and he was made a pris- oner. Geronimo says he thinks it was in Arizona, the Territory of his birth. Anyway, he says, it was up in the mountains. The tribal relations of the Apaches have been dissolved and they no longer look upon Geronimo as their chief. They consider him a childish old man who is too senile to advise them."™ —The Commoner. Answers to Queries. TIME RECORD—J. F. D, City. There are a number of steamship rec- ords across the Atlantic. This depart- ment has not the space to publish them all. If you will indicate between what ports, this department will answer. INDEPENDENT—A Subscriber, Sae- ramento, Cal. “Independent as a hog on ice” probably had its origin in the practice of some people placing a hog on a frozen river or lake and watching his actions In his efforts to reach a place off the ice. In such a case the hog, unable to secure a hoofhold, slides every which way; and if any one attempts to go to his assistance he will scoot away as if noet wishing assistance, hence the saying, “as independent as a hog on ice.” MINNESOTA MASSACRE — Fair- banks, Cal. In the early part of 1362 there was trouble among the Indian tribes of Minnesota and Dakota. The first trouble was bv the Sioux under Little Crow, upon Yellow Medicine Agency, August 18 of that year, when all the whites, old and young, were murdered. August 23 New Ulm was attacked and many whites murdered, but the citizens hastily banded for de- fense, forced the Indians off, and on the following day soldiers came to their relief. Fort Ridglev was besieged for nine davs and its small garrison re- pelled three desperate attacks before it was relieved on the 26th. The Indians then went northward toward Fort Abercrombie, murdering and plunder- ing as they went. Upon an appeal from Governor Ramsey and the Legislature, | General Pope and United States sol- | diers were sent to the rescue. Two as- saults were made on the Indians at the fort named in September; ihey retreat- ed westward, but.were followed and were fovced to make a stand at Wood- lake, where they werefutterly defeated About 500 Indians were taken prison- ers, 300 tried by court-martial and sen- tenced to be hanged. The President in- terfered and only thirtv-two were hanged, the remainder being put in confinement for a time and visited with lighter punishment. The loss of white lives was estimated at not less than 3500, either killed by the savages or perishing from sickmness and expos- ure, the result of their hasty flight from their homes. ———————— Townsend's California Glace frutts in artistic fire-etched hoves. 715 Market st.*® —_—————— information supplied daily ‘o and men by t