The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, June 1, 1904, Page 8

i i sl i The Holy ]nkr‘nt. Special Correspon@ence { CALCUTTA, April 30.—In these days when the pen is held to be mightier than the sword and writs are no lotiger enforced by bayonets, there is| & certain appropriateness in the deifi-| cation of the inkpot, as the symbol of English domination, in -this strange land of occult wisdom, mysticism and superstition - he ceremony of .bowing ‘down to| thie rather commonplace - receptacle took place on the flat roof of the hugs pile of buildings in Calcutta which are | occupied by the secretaries of the Gov- ernment. The worshipers, some thirty | in mumber, most of them native or-! derlies fronj the. hills round Simla who every vear accompany the Govern- ment officials from Simla to Calcutta, | engaged as their priest a Punjabi Brahmin. Taking -ome of the large packing cases which are used to con- office: records, they draped its| rough woodwork with- plantain leaves and brgirches of the sicred pipal trees. | On ] thfs foundation they placed a dis- | patch box, -which served ds & species | of altar. On top of it, as the prin-| cipal fetish, was vnslannd a common English glass inkpét “with a screw top "and” arousd this were arranged pen- | holders and pennibs, red, blue an:}i black pencils, penknives, ink erasers, foolscap ~and letter paper, envelopes. postage stamps, blotting . paper, seal ing wax—in short, a¥ the clerkly para- | phernalia with which the Government of India cairies on its work.. With an unconecious touch of humer the whole was festooned with abundant coils of | red tape. 3 | When all the prep_amn:v‘ns had been | completed, each worshiper made 24 revereptial .obeisance to the inkpot and | laid before it his offerings, consisting | of grains.of rice, spices @nd various fruits and some copper Tarthings, the latter ronstituting the perquisites of the officiating priest. -The Brahmim then recited various -cabadlistic formu- las, supposed to be -texts from the| Vedas: After the econchusion of the| religious rite€ the -votaries feasted | themselves on sweetmneats, for_the pur-| chase of ‘which each man had con-| tributed a rupee, and then went their several ways, licking their lips and re- Jcicing in. Cheir faith that the inkpot deity would see to it that they pros- pered in the Government employ. The céremony is part of a general fetish festival, lled Sri Panchami| and observed at the time of the !pflngl eouinox, when it is incumbsent on every | 1eligious minded person to worship the implements or insignia of the vocation by which he lives. The soldier wor- ships his sword, the farmer his plow, the money-lender_ his ledger, and the operatives in the jute niills near Cal- cutta bew down before the engines which drive their loomé. Even the thugs, whe combine piety with mur- der, indulge in a gruesome ritual in which the pickaxes with' which they dig the graves of their victims play a prominent part. In the strange medley of creeds of which the numeroys_religions. of India are compounded the doctrine of the transmigration of souls finds a prom- fnent place. There is a popular be- lief in some piaces. that when a man dies the hature of his. next existence can be ascertained by placing ashes from & potter’s kiln in a shallow ves- sel and carefully =moothing them. Next morning, it is alleged, the ashes will be found marked with' human foot- prints if the soul of the dea@ man is to be reborn as a human being; with claws if a bird, wavy lines if a tree and so on. A man and his wife bathe in the Ganges with their clothes tied together to insure their being married to one apother in their next -state of existence. The actual practices and beliefs of the Mohammedans in India differ considerably and the uneducated are deeply infected with Hinduism. Afghans and Balochs are equally ignorant of everything connected with theéir religion beyond its most ele- mentary doctrines. While devout be- lievers in the efficacy of prayer, the | smouxh with | the herds on the banks.of the Ganges, {fices had proved ineffectual. One evening on going to-the.river a clown- ish Ahir saw a figure rinsing his | district, | immemorial i |2 lode through the kicking of a'plece b “vutt‘d 10 be the only one in Mexico, cow dung. Squatted 4n front of this the worshiper gashes i his left arm with the curved Dom | knife and with his' finger .daubs five streaks of blood.in the circle; praying in a low voice that a dark might may aid his design, that his booty may be ample and that he and his gang may escape detection. . The*patfon deity of the Binds is Kasi Baba, who attained a place amang the gods in this fashion. A mysterious epidemic was carrying oft and all the customary expiatory sacri- mouth from time to time and making an unearthly sound with a conch shell. The lout concluded that he must be the demon who was causing the epi- dermr and, creeping up to the unsus- | pecting bather, smashed his skull with a club. Kasi Baba was the name of | the murdered Brahmin, and the ces- | sation of the murrain coinciding with | i his death, it was decided that he was | the maleficent spirit who sends dis- eases among the cattle, and now when | any infection breaks out among them | all sorts of queer things are done to | induce him to stop it. Fruitful Curiosity. Perhaps the first mine in all the | world that has been discovered be- cause of a woman's insatiable curiosity has been developed in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico, in the Santa Rosa near Bonanza. From time it has been an adage | among ‘miners that the best mines | have been located by aceident. Pros-| pectors have been known to discover | of metal from an unknown ledge by their mules’ hoofs. Cripple Creek was discovered through the merest acci- dent by Stratton; but it remained for | a woman, Mrs. V. M. Clement, to dis- | cover a rich déposit of turquoise, re- | in the Santa Rosa mine, while search- ing for pretty stones on the dump of the Prospect. The mine was then being worked by V. D. Williamson and some asso- iates as a lead-silver prospect. They had ‘never even suspected the existence of.turquoise. Telling the story, Man- ager Williamson said: “Mrs. Clement was a large stock- holder in the company. She lived at Bonanza, and it had been the joke of the other membérs thatshe was always prowling around the dump picking up | pieces of ore and claiming they were | all sorts of things, other than what | they were. One day about thirteen | months ago she went out to the dump and picked up a pretty light blue stone which was very hard and shiny. She thought it would do for her collection s0 she took it home. . “Upon her arrival she compared it with a piece of turquoise she haa bought in the United States and came to the conclusion that it was turquoise. The other members of the company laughed, thinking it was another joke on Mrs. Clement. ‘We had been min- ing the property for lead and silver. Mrs. Clement was so persistent that we sent the specimen to Mexico City and had it analyzed. The report came back that it was pure phosphate of | aluminum, or turquoise. “After this report was muda nther samples were taken and the company became satisfied that’ the stone was turquoise. Now the mine is being worked solely for the gem.” Zebras in Harness. Zebras as carriage horses and for rid- ing -purposes may soon be a common | sight, for a recent experiment at the London Zeo has demonstrated that | these beautifully "striped animals can be -easily tamed and that they are even more docile and easily managed when broken in than the gentlest of ordinary horses. After gpending four hours in break- ing in a zebra Captain Horace Hayes is able to ride it handily. His first pupil was Jennie, a 9-year- old zebra, presented to King Edward by the Emperor Menelik of Abyssinia. When first led into the paddock she was fidgety and nervous. In order to soothe her Captain Hayes stroked her gently with a long rod. She stood quite still during this proceeding, seeming not to resent it in the ] But when a man approached her with a halter she plunged and reared, racing madly around and around the paddock. Presently she quieted down and the trainer got near enough to slip a rope around her right leg. She tried to kick it loose, but in doing so got her left leg entangled in it. She was thrown for- ward on her front legs in a kneeling position, and then with a gentle push sent rolling on her side. Her four legs were then bound with ropes until she populer maxim of the Afghans, “Loot and Pray,” indicates how little their piety affects their conduct. “God will mot favor a Baloch who does not steal and rob,” say the Balochs, and their practice has at least the merit of con- forming to their profession of Taith. “The Baloch who steals and murders secures heaven for sevem generations of his forefathers” is another of their proverbs which they observe with de- vout fervor. ‘Whatever name be given to the vari- ous creeds the Hindus profess, with the more ignorant among them they become mere medleys of weird super- stitions. “If & man dies of a snake bite,” says the Magahiya Doms of the Gya district, “we worship his spirit Jest he should come back and give us bad dreams. We also worship the snake lest the snake god should serve us in like fashion.” Any man there- fore conspicuous enough by his deeds in life, or the manner of his death, to stand & chance of ng dreamed of circle of ©of time to take rank 8s a god. Systematic robbery is so far a recog- nized means of livelihood among these Doms that It has impressed itself upon was utterly helpless. For an hour she was left in this plight, then the ropes were removed from her feet and she got up a meek and submissive creature. She stood still while a bit was placed in her mouth and a saddle strapped to her back. Captain Hayes climbed into the saddle and Jennie consented to be ridden. She makes an excellent saddle horse, intelligent, fast and thoroughly t0 be relied upon.—Black and White. . Simile. Jacob H. Schiff, the New York bank- | er, was talking to.a Boston Post re- porter about plain and direct speech. “To be plain and direct is always best,” he said, “but to be too plain and direct is to be uncouth—to be ludi- crous. < “A good example of that was afford- ed by-a clergyman. He was addressing a congregation of fishermen, and he wanted to be sure t.hey ‘would under- lund him. ““The Bible tells us,’ said the clergy- man, ‘that it is as difficult for a camel to pass through a needle’s eye as for a rich man.to enter the kingdom of hea- ven. That, though, is a roundabout, coyfused way of stating the case. I their religion and a distinct ritual is |should state it like this: ordained for those who go forth to commit a b “‘It is as difficult for a rich man to A circle of one |enter the kingdom of heaven as —.Aulourlnm-lndlmu shad to hon drawn on the ground and smeared | tree tail up a smooth bark apple '__S,_AN- : F'R,A'N CISCQj AL L JORN . SPRECKELS, Propecte - - - - - - - - - Address All Communicatins o JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager :Publlflflonm ‘e 1 \VLDNESDAY . THE CASE OF PERDICARIS. HIS - Government has been tnhsfll‘d with Mo- rocco more than once in behalf of American citi- zens who did not speak 'our langudge or .lmow abything about our institutions. When we dealt with the pirates of Tripoli,” and put an end to their depre- dations upon Mediterranean cotamerce, the people of the south shore of that sea and others inclined to.go there conceived an exalted idea of the might of this"country. 1t has followed that many who wished to take advantage 1 of the whole world for that year. When it is also noted of business opportunities there have prepared themselves by seeking and procufing American naturalization. The Sultan of Mérocco has a wholesome respect for Ameri- can rights and American .gunpowder. But his unruly people and the wild tribes that are nominally under his sway have but little regard for the hot water-in which they can put him by assaults upon the person? and property of naturalized Americans in the midst of them. G - There has been a revolution stewing in Morocco for two years and the tribes have taken advantage of a weak government to do as they please. In pursuit of their vocation of getting gain and making trouble, they have captured the naturalized American Ion Perdicaris and his stepson, a British subject, and carried them off to the mountains. The bandit chief, Raissouli, seems to have more than a frugal mind. He not only demands a heavy ransom for his prisoners, but that members of his band new held prisoners by the Sultan shall be released; and that the Sultan shall recognize the bandit’s terri- torial and tribal rights, and that the United States guar- antee and maintain those rights. There is nothing small about Raissouli. He is in- clined to enter world politics and play the game with the Czars and Kaisers. Of course this Government can give no such guarantee. We can demand that Morocco pay a ransom to secure the prisoners, and the Sultan is free to make any promises he pleases to Rassoulli, but we will not underwrite his paper. We may co-operate with Great Britain in a military expedition to réelieve the imprisoned nationals of the two countries with the cer- tain result that Perdicaris and his British stepson will be killed before we get them. Thereafter such a punitive cexpedition may at great cost catch Raissouli and tan his Morocco hide, and exterminate his robber tribe, and we may .make the Sultan pay the bill. An American must be protected wherever he is, and those who cap- ture and kill him must be punished. Though Pérdicaris wag probably naturalized not to become an- American and dwell in our tents, but in order to get our protection while seeking fortune abroad among a turbulent people, | still he has received the chrism of .our cilizen<hip, and whatever he is he represents it and we cannot leave him undefended. . But this case brings up "quite another question. Per- dicaris is probably a Greek, as the form of his name in- dicates. When' he became our fellow-citizen, it was not ‘to become an American by sharing our political lot at home, but in_order that he might be safet abroad than he would be as a Greek. Though he is lawfullyga citizen, his purpose was not in line with the spirit in which we share our birthright. with aliens.. When we forced ex- patriation treaties upon most of the European powers, it was to emphasize the American position that among the natural rights of tan is his right to, expatriate him- | self, cast off the allegiance. of his nativity and assume another, with all of its obligations. It was believed in Europe that we took this position because our popula- tion required recruiting by immigration, and it is not de- nied that such may have been among our motives, though it was not written in the treaties. W¢ gave evi- dence of it in making the short time of fivé years the probationary period required for final naturalization and protecting a man’s. domiciliary rights after his first pa- pers were issued. It is riow time to revise our methods of naturalization. Under the present law any court of record, having a cletk and a seal, can naturalize aliens. The United Stztes, which confers the privilege, has no exclusive over- sight of its extension to individuals. Perdicaris comes lere, goes before a local court after five years’ resi- dence, gets his final papers and goes back to the Mediter- ranean never to see us again. This was not the inten- tion of the law. When a man cast his lot with us, it was expected that he remain a producing and tax-paying citi- zen, doing his jury duty, and while of military age liable to enlistment or conscription to defend his country. But he left us,' permanently domiciled himself in Morocco, safe from jury duty and military service, paying no American taxes and in no way contributing to this country. He merely ran over here and put on American citizenship as a shirt of mail to protect him abroad. The United States can protect itself against that sort of thing only by taking exclusive charge of naturaliza- tion. The probation should be lengthened and the nat- uralization officer should be in Washington. Federal courts should take the testimony in each case and put it before him for final review and determination. If American citizenship is worth seeking at all, it is worth a good deal of formality and inconvenience that should be put upon the seeker and not upon the officer. We have made it so cheap that it commands no respect from a great many who get it with so little trouble. It should impose upon the recipient reciprocal duties and obligations, so that he cannot take it and go away to embroil us with other .vvernmm in such affairs as this of Ton Perdicaris. In her campaign against Port Arthur Japan has shown with horrifying directness that the cheapest com- modity in the Mikado’s kingdom is human life. A few more 'victorics such as the assault upon Kinchou and its capture will make defeat a prize to be sought in prefer- ence. A annual session of the American Mining Congress, to be.held at Portland, Oregon, fronr August 22 to August 27 of this year. The gathering will be com- posed of people from all parts of the United States in- terested in the mining and metallurgical industries. Ore- gon’ has promised to make an elaborate display of her mineral products and mining machinery and invites other States to do likewise. Probably_'(he most important matter to be discussed is the recently agitated question of advocating the crea- tion by the Government of an independent department of mines and mining. A strong indorsement by the American Mining Congress,” representing as it does the combined mining interests of the country, will unques- tionably have much influence with the General Govern- ment toward the establishment of such a department. In 1902 the United States mined about eighty millions in goldnlonq‘ormcflmou-{ouflhdfidwuw AMERICAN MINING CONGRESS. N official call has just been issued for the seventh Qb 7 Ve R S X MR IS S Nk N T B RSN S O S oo that gold is only one of the many valuable minerals successfully produced here, the great importance of the mining industry becomes apparent and seems to justify the National Government in makmg specml provision for its_handling. Another important question to be discussed is that of establishing a branch mint in Oregon. The opening up of the great Alaskan mines hds materially changed the conditions previously existing for handling the\gold out- put, and whether or not a branch mint, has been made necessary by the advent of the Alaskan gold is of in- terest. Other matters, such as the relation of mining to the general industries. of the country, the recodification of the mining laws, and the question of a permanent loca- tion of the national headquarters for the American Min- ing Congress will be considered. As an incident to this' subject, it is worth while to mark the enterprise which is recently being shown by the city of Portland in awakening to its natural advan- tages. It has lately taken a prominent stand in the mat- ter of influencing conventions at St. Louis to come to the West next year, has just succeeded in obtaining the National Good Roads Convention for 1905, and is mak- ing rapid headway for the great Lewis and Clark Ex- position to be held in the same year. We are pleased with the energy displayed by odr northern neighbor, for the development of any one city of the Pacific Coast adds to the prosperity of all. San Francisco's financial budget for the next fiscal year has practically been adopted. The taxpayer knows what he must pay and the tax-eater knows what"he may expect to devour. Tt is now the turn of our various bu- reaus of administration to play their part in the distri- bution of public funds, and as middlemen in the game these bureaus have left nothing undone to make their in- |- fluence felt. ROOSEVELT AT GETTYSBURG. HE President’s address at Gettysburg on Decoration T ‘day’ was a memorable utterance. It displays to great advantage his faculty of analysis, his gift for going to the actuality ‘of a matter. Of the Civil War he said: “It was one of the few wars which mean, in their successful outcome, a lift toward better things for mankind. Some wars have meant the triumph of order over licentiousness and anarchy, masquerading as liberty; some wars have meant the triumph of liberty over tyranny, masquerading as order; but this victorious war of ours meant thé triumph of both liberty and order, the victory of orderly liberty.” His ascription to the men who bravely fought on the other side for an idea was complete and ungrudging, and the lesson in patriotism which is the country’s inheri- tance from the great conflict and its great sacrifices was splendidly enforced. Addressing the old soldiers present he said: “It was because you men of the Civil War both knew how to use liberty temperately and how to defend it at need that we and our children and our children’s children shall hold you in honor forever. Here we com- memorate not only the chiefs who actually won this bat- tle; not only Meade and his lieutenants, Hancock and Reynolds and Howard and Sickles, and others whose names flame in our annals, but also the chiefs who made the Army of the Potomac what it was, and those who made and used its sister armies—McClellan with his ex- traordinary genius for organization, Rosecrans, Buell, the steadfast and unyielding Thomas, and that great trio, Sherman, Sheridan and Grant, the silent soldier whose hammer-like blows finally beat down the prowess of the men who fought against him. And finally we meet here in homage to the enlisted men and officers who served and fought and died without having, as their chiefs had, the chance to write their names on the ‘tablets of fame, the men who were buried in the long trenches on the field, or who died in cots marked only by numbers in the hospitals.” The whole address is a model of good taste, patriotism and self-effacement in the presence of great scenes and mighty memories. Among the generals to whom he paid the highest ascription one was a predecessor in the office of President, and two, McClellan and Hancock, were candidates for the great office he holds. But to all he gave that credit which is due and-which is rendered in the heartfelt gratitude of their countrymen. Under the provisions of a law recently enacted in New York all street peddlers must have their photograph on their wagons while doing business. If this is intended as a protection to the public the authorities should remem- ber that while all peddlers do not look alike CATS AT THE CAPITAL. axiomatic that they all act alike. UR next Congress has a weighty matter awaiting O its august. deliberations. Both houses in session assembled will have to pass upon the legal status of the District of Columbia cat, its rights and its privi- leges to continue in the pursuit of life, liberty and happi- ness. The District Commissioners, whose duty it is to govern fairly and impartially the nation’s capital, have given notice that they will recommend for legislative action by the next Congress stringent rules for the im- pounding of all vagrant tabbies who cannot give reason why they should not appear. before the high court of justice to answer to the charge of being public nuisances. The Congress of these United States, then, holds the destinies of thousands of lives in the hollow of its hand. One shudders and turns his eyes in fear from the con- templation of what must be the uproar in the halls of Congress when this great cat issue is brought to the fore in all its darkling significance. The visions of lobbies and log-rollings, of “influences” and mn!er-in&\ien:a, all the strife and heat of debate arise to point in grim prophecy to the time when the inalienable rights of the Columbia cat will be at stake. What will be the attitude of the Democrats on this momentous question? Will John Sharp Williams stand pat or will he bolt the whole | thing and leawe the minority to struggle vainly for the rights. of the cat against the heartless cruelty of the majority? The slumbering conscience of the Grand Jury has again been aroused and onge more the municipality, in its reg- ularly elected representatives, has been warned that the City and County Hospital is a disgrace to the city, a menace to health and a device for the speedy occasion of death. While the warning hasn’t even the merit of novelty it may serve to remind us that in affairs really beneficial to the general public San Franeisco needs at least the span of a generation for reform. y it is |- TALK OF THE TOWN O L Perspicuity. “I think beyond the shadow of a doubt,” said a prominent merchant a few davs ago while sitting at lunch with a number of his business rivals, “that I have about the brightest youns man in my employ of any business man in San Francisco. He has been with me ahout six months, but it was only the other day that I learned what a treasure I have had about me.” “Tell us about it,” said his friends, almost in one voice. “Well, this young man has, as I said before, been in my employ for about six months. I have had him doing a little of everything about the office, trying to find out exactly what he was suited "for. Last Saturday I had two letters that I wanted posted. One was to a firm up country and the other to a foreign corporation. ters required a five cent stamp and the other called for two cents. Well, the letters were not finished until late in the: afternoon. them and then called this brlght clerk - One of the let- | —_— clean milk {s a new business. Very few persons, relatively speaking, are en- gaged in this business. The business is yet in its experimental stage: that is, it 18 yet scarcely on a commercial I hurriedly addressed | basis for any great number of men. But how greatly this subject is devel- And call from the north and The tribes of the East, Ye boatmen who hail from ‘We care not like cravens to The sanctified horror of They live in the runes and THE MARCH OF THE NOMADS. Translated From the German of Herman von Lingg. The heath les before me denuded of grass, And over the steppe flles the snow as I pass, And eaten with rust are the spears and the swords; Here my lance will I lift to heaven on high Ye hunters of wolves where the Ural peaks glow, Ye herders of flocks in Death’s Valley below, | Ye scouts of the desert. a terrible host, | And when we have conquered and garnered our gain | And. the foemen are chanting their dirge for the slain We mourn not in sorrow, we wail not in woe, Nor build we a tomb for the heroes that died, The snow it will cover, the night it will hide oy the south with a cry the wandering hordes. | the Casplan coast, Lift up your lances, your lances so bright, Your banners of conquest unfurl for the fight! Now muster the horses and break down the tents, For the northern lights gleam and we must go hence; We will pass on our way to the zones of the west, Our watchword the cry of the bird on the wind, Thie sands of the desert are urging behind, We may not bide here and we never can rest. follow- the plow, 13 We have furrowed the earth with our spears until now: A conquering people, a pitiless power, ! Like vultures and locusts we come to devour; In the smoldering ruins where cities once stood | We render to freedom a tribute of blood. corpses below. Where flowers were once blooming now eddies the sand, The sea is now breaking where once there was land; Wheie then is there rest for the dead ones, I pray? the songs of the race, They dwell in the glory of time and of space, And we are their envoys forever and aye. LUCIUS HARWOOD FOOTE. B —— L of mine and told him to hurry to the ferry and post them. He dashed out of the office with the letters, and about ten minutes later returned. He entered the office, came up to my desk and leaning over toward me whispered: “‘I came near missing the mails with | those letters. You put. the five cent | stamp on the local letter and the two cent stamp on the foreign letter.’ “‘Is that so? sald I, ‘strange that Y should do such a thing. How did you fix it? “‘Oh,” said this bright young man, ‘I changed the addresses.’” Army Etiquette. If there is any place where etiquette is observed it is In the United States army. It runs from the highest to the lowest. When Colonel Graham was in charge of the Presidio post some yars ago he was seated in his office reading official documents when a rather young man who held the rank of major entered the room. He was attired in a civilian suit and was well knewn to the colonel, but condi- tions changed personal relations for the time being. "After saluting the major smilingly asked: “Colonel, will you kindly give an order to permit me to go to the city for three hours?” The colonel looked up from his pa- pers and with that firm courtesy which characterized him when on of- ficial duty eyed the speaker for a mo- ment and quietly said, “My dear sir, I do not know why you call on me to ask permission to go to the city, or anywhere else,” and then turned to s papers. ’ The major, who did not require that a brick house should fall upon him in order to take a hint, retired and in a short time returned, attired in the fatigue uniform of his station and wearing on his shoulder the gold oak leaf of his rank. In the most precise military manner he repeated his re- quest for permission to go to the city. The colonel, this time in the most pleasant manner said, “Why, certain- ly, major, you have my permission to absent yourself-from the post for the time you desire.” In civillan dress the major was not recognized; in the uniform of his rank he was. It was a lesson in military etiquette which he no doubt never for- got. Georgia Hymn. 'm!jnhdtoak- ur'}n-von q = n de flery cherryoot—ol De ride he got wuz blazin' ho But he keep ez cool ez snow m holler ter de hosses fas’ ez fas' kin be! 1 don't pemlr- fer no sich fire— Hit same ez frost ter me!" e Satan see *filn‘ En den olu lfllln . | ‘tn-ro!llmdnlun. . e wouldn't burn nohow!" —Atlanta Constitution. Impure Milk. Milk is not only gilk. It may carry filth and germs of disease. In fact, ab- solutely pure milk is practically un- known. With the refining of all our 1des1s of living, clean milk has come to. be as much of a necessity as clean water or clean meat. The producing of ' ifornia oping may be judged from the fact that a certain man of thorough edu- cation, high culture and the best of social comnections is now devoting his attention, as a professional business, largely to the planning and building of cow stables and barns, with his of- fice on Fifth avenue. Milk may be unclean from either in- ternal or external causes—because the cow is diseased, or because the sur- roundings and the methods are w cleanly. Healthy cows are the fi consideration. The pure-milk dlli man does not purchase an animal until it has been examined by a veterinary, who gives a certificate that it is free from tuberculosis and other serious disorders. Once each menth. all ani- mals are inspected and perhaps tested, and every suspicious cow at once re- moved from the milking herd. This kind of supervision is extended even to the men who are employed on the place. A tuberculous person is not al- lowed on the premises. At regular in- tervals a. physician examines the homes and families of the workmen, to guard against the intreduction into the milk of typhoid, scarlet fever and other infectious diseases. How many epidemics of typhoid fever are trace- able to cases of the disease in the fam- ily or on the premises of the milk- man?—Country Life in America. Answers to Queries. DISTANCE—S,, City. The distance from San Francisco to Nagasaki, via Yokohama, is 5523 miles; via Honelulu and Yokohama, 6134 miles, TONNAGE—O'P., City. The records of January, 1904, show that the latest figures of tonnage entered and cleared at Hamburg are 17,162,465 and Liverpool 13,157,714 tons. A SWITCH—B, City. If you have a switch that Is a little darker than your natural hair, take It to some pro- fessional hair dresser and have it dyed the proper shade. SILVER DOLLARS—Subsecriber, Red Bluff, Cal. This department has mo in- formation to the effect that “the St. Louis Fair is offering a premium on dollars coined at the New Orleans Mint in 1894" If such coins were rare the dealers In old or rare coins would offer a premium, but they do not. MANICURE SET—B., City. A mani- cure set is an object of use and fot of ornament. For that reasom it ought to be kept In a case, because in such a set there are a number of pieces that are affected by atmospheric influence and should be kept away as much as possible from such influence. RUSSIA-SWEDEN—Constant Read- er, Virginia City, Nev. In the limited space allowed this department it is im- possible to give even a brief outline of the history of Russia and Sweden, thelr progress, decline, rise, ete., as asked for. You will find that in the history of each of the countries, or in a condensed form in any encyclopedia. —————————— Townsend's California Glace frutts in fire-etched boxes. 715 Market st.* ———e————————————— hm; supplied . te B Ao ® Feicphone Main 1042, € §