The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 25, 1904, Page 8

THE .SA 5 UCTIVE STUD /3 Its Abuses. Slang ADELINE KNAPP. The Household,” The Boy and the Baron. ¢ the Philippines,” ~Upland Copyright. 1904, by Joseph B. Bowlei) The average girl is a composite of many contradictory influences. She is swayed by many varying influences and moved upon by moods and experi- ences nev antr and unadjusted he has not yet got her perspective in fe. Perhaps this is one reason why, at the time hen she begins tor ke on little ext tenesses and ele- gancies of manner toward her mates, she also begins to think slang clever and expressive. She is at pains to ac- vocabulary of slang and to quire the f a mistaken i rdinary ¥ press. 1 it de Poverty ught and of language is a far more shameful thing than pov- It argues stupidity, as cannot. Not every- to wealth, but lligent human being has free t that great storehouse of called the English language. There are 000 of these words. The ish tongue the richest in the n €ynonyms and in words which but of the same idea. Yet of this vast wealth the great mass of educated people in this country content to put to use but a paltry four or five hundred’ It as though a maa with unlimited wealth at his command should be content to use merely a few dollars now and then; to live in a nar- row, mean way, letting his wealth li2 idle, not because he was a miser, but because he was too stupid to realize nto her conversation, be- that it means 1glish can ex- cause more than erty of purse. poverty of body has every i access purse access e is is power. Now there is no one thing outside of ignorance which has such a limiting influence on the use of English as slang. This reads like a paradox. Most people think of slang as a more than usually free and picturesque use of language. They think that a man who uses a great many new or quaint slang words or phrases enriches his vocabu- lary thereby. Let us consider the mat- ter for a moment The user of slang is always inclined 10 the constant use of certain pet phrases, which, while they are in fa- are made to do a great deal of extra work. Here, for instance, is an vor sctual conversation to which I listened not long ago. The speakers were a girl and a young man, both university who sat behind me in a students, train. They were evidently talking of college athletics. The girl spoke first: G.'s an Al runner, isn’t he?” she asked. Well, I should remark; ain't he * was the reply. Did you see the midterm field work ?” the girl asked next. I should remark. G. ran in great shape, didn’t he? L. was good enough, but G.—well, I should remark!” There was a pause and then the talk turned to more serious matters. I'm looking at psychology,” the girl gaid. (“Looking at” is collegese for giving special attention to.) Are you? 1 got mine all done (!) last year. I tell you I'm thankful some! There are some things I can see the sense of, but psychology! Well, I should remark!” is hard,” she admitted. “It rd? Weil, I should remark!” We reached my station and I left the train, much edified by what I had overheard. Doubtless the higher edu- cation was doing much for those young people, but does any one suppose that the youth really expressed himself by that inane reiteration of a phrase in itself inane and meaningless? Yet only a short time ago a bright, clever girl, whose education advantages have been unusual, contended with me, seri- ously. for the value of slang. “Could anything,” she said, “be more per- fectly expressive than the phrase ‘pulling his leg’ " Expressive of what? I asked a number of people what it expressed | to them, and here are some of their replies “Why—why—to work him.” gave this answer.) To come a ‘con game’ on him.” “Why—you know—why, to draw him down. “To get the best of him.” “To hoodwink him.” Nearly every one of those I asked found it necessary to resort to further slang to define the phrase, and nearly every one had a different shade of meaning for it. That last is really a serious flaw in slang as a medium of expression. Nearly every one has his own idea of what a given phrase means, but the idea of the hearer may be quite dif- ferent from that of the user. Any one can prove this by choosing some bit of current slang and asking ten or a dozen different persons what it means. Bach time we use a slang phrase we set aside - correct word or phrase which belongs in use and by so much we limit our power of expression. A limited vocabulary means a limited mind. Werds actually bring ideas in their train. Every new set of words acquired brings a new mental outlook. One reason why the English language has such a comprehensive vocabulary is that the English-speaking people have been great wanderers, men have sailed over seas (Three - doss !lands and brought back new words | with a host of new ideas dependent { upon them. | acquired. < words from Cuba, Porto Rico, Hawaii {and the Philippines, from China and which ex-| Endllh-l to foreign it Whole vistas of knowledge spread | and backon before us when we turn over the leaves of the dictionary and note the sources of many of our com- mon words. Shawl, camphor, torna- do, ship, street and harbor are words of every day use enough, yet there was a time when they were new in Eng- lish, when their very sound brought new knowledge to be explained and Think of the hpst of new ideas that have come to us with new South Africa. But we of to-day do not need to sail away to foreign lands for new | words to give us new ideas. We have but to open the dictionary and run a finger down its columns until we come to an unfamiliar combination of let- ters.” What does it mean? Where did it come from? How did it get| into our language? Usually we shall | not get beyond the first of these ques- | tions without gaining a wider outlook. | The dictionary is a perfect gold mine for ideas; the gold we find in it has| the charm of all virgin gold, with lhis; in addition, that not only does it bear no mint stamp, but we may take the pure material and put our own stamp it. | | on | | The Complete Kitchen. HERRICK. | iberal Living | on Narrow Means,” etc.) (Copyright, 1504, by Joseph B. Bowles.) Readers of Mrs. Whitney's books will | not have forgotten that in one of them she makes a woman speak of her bottle of household ammonia as “her kitchen maid.” That name has been gratefully applied to ammonia by many a woman who has seen the magical effects a | few spoonfuls of it will have in cut- | ting the grease in pot or frying pan, or in cleansing a soiled silk, or in bright- | ening silver or glass. If one could choose but one kitchen help, the am- | monia bottle would surely be that one. There are helps besides this. On the | same principie that moves her to buy washing powders and fluids and pastes | | HRISTINE TERHU the housekeeper should provide herself | with all the mechanical labor-saving appliances she can secure, if they real- ly save labor. For this name is often a misnomer. The kind of utensil that | economizes time for the worker and | turns out a poorly prejared product | that is unsatisfactory to the people who are to eat it or to use it is an extravagance in the long run—er in the | short run, either. Such as these are one or two~meat choppers that have been put upon the market, which seem to crush the juice from the meat they chop and turn it out a powdery, taste- less mass. Such also are certain pat- ented egg beaters, which In frothing or thickening the eggs make so close grained a product that the lightness of | effect for which the eggs were to be | used is entirely lacking. Meat choppers and egg beaters there are, however, that are among the | housewife’s chiefest blessings, and in | addition to these there are other con- | veniences, some cheap, some more cost- ly, which save her time and strength. As many of these as she can afford she should have in her kitchen or pantry. 1 know of nothing that is more an- | noying to a housekeeper than a dearth | of the commonplace, every day Kitchen | utensils. Yet I have known persons of wealth who were poor in such things. | I have been in the pantries of women !in good circumstances where the flour | sifter was rusted and broken, where | the one strainer must be used for cof- fee, soup or jellles, where there was but one frying pan for all uses of saute- | ing and boiling or frying of any sort, and where there was a single broiler to serve for fish and meat—a broiler which was alsc used as a toasting rack. In these kitchens I have round such helps as a vegetable press or a lemon squeezer, or an apple corer or a suffi- ciency of mixing bowls and spoons ab- solutely lacking. It is like asking for | bricks without providing straw to ex- | pect a cook to do good and brisk work | when she has to make shifts to take the place of inexpensive utensils. These things are not costly, and there is no | reason except carelessness or positive | poverty why there should not be | enough bowls and cups for mixing, | knives for meat and vegetables, cups | for measuring and the like in even |a tolerably well furnished pantry and | kitchen. | The lists that are given for the neces- { sary furnishing of the kitchen are sometimes discouraging. The woman who can have but one table, even al- | though that be a double decker, and | | must supplenfent the lack of such space | { by a hinged shelf over the one table | she has, is likely to be annoyed and | discouraged when she is told that a | marble slab is a requisite for the man- | utacture of good pastry. It is a help | undoubtedly, but it is like a good many | other things of the sort. “I have been housekeeping for thirty vears,” I heard a woman say the other day. She had always been a hospita- ble soul and a notable housekeeper, and | her table was a synonym for good liv- |ing. “I flatter myself,” she contin- ,ved, “that I am a tolerable cook, |and that the dishes which come on my table are fairly attractive, I have never owned a marble topped pastry table or a pastry bag or tube, lor a set of dariole molds or a frying | kettle or half a dozen other things that I am always told are essential to good housekeeping. They are all very nice, but 1 have managed to get along with- out them very comfortably.” So have a good many other women. None the less, many of these things are a great elp in dainty cookery. But if there is a choice between these and plenty of the plainer things, the latter should be chosen. I have aiready spoken of the necessity of enough mix- ing bowls and cups. There should be dishes or nappies in which to put away food, cooked or ulicooked, so that the dishes kept for the table should not be used for this purpose. There should also be a half-pint measuring cup and a graduated quart measure, two or three double boilers of different sizes, large sharp knives for meat or fish or bfsfi and smaller and equally sharp knives for cutting and peeling vegeta- bles and for removing the meat from the bones of a joint or fowl. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALl.L BRUARY 25, 190. JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor . .« « . . . « . o Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager e Publication Office .Third and Market Strects, S. F. - RUSSIA’S COMPLAINT. HE Russian Government has addressed to the pow- Tcrs a diplomatic note impeaching Japan for violat- ing international law. The serious charge is for vio- lating the neutrality of Korea by landing troops in that empire. Unless Japan could make such use of Korea, she would have no land base for her military operations. The complaint comes with bad grace from’ Russia, after violating the neutrality of China by occupying Manchu- ria as her land base, and erecting on Chinese soil mili- | tary. camps and fortifications during the time in which she agreed with the Western nations to prepare for evac- uating Manchuria. Last year she promised the United States to observe her agreement to evacuate on October & But that date found her increasing her forces on Chinese soil and busy usurping the civil administration of Manchuria, against the protest of China and.in viola- tion of her word to the allies in the Boxer war. It is said that France sympathizes with Russia in her view of the case. This is probably a play in the game going on between France and Germany to court the favor of Russia. If Germany insinuate herseu into the place now held by France as a Russian ally, France will be isolated on the Continent. But it must be remem- bered that England and Japan are joined in the same form of alliance as ®hat between France and Russia, and if France go so far as to give aid, even diplomatically, to the Czar, England may be expected to.go just as far | with the Mikado. The rest of Russia’s complaint runs to Japan's act of i war at Port Arthur, in advance of a formal declaration. It is not the first time ghat has occurred. We did it in the Mexican war, and had an action at arms in advance of a formal declaration by Congress. It may be said, too, that every day that Russian troops have remained in Mamchuria after the date agreed upon for evacuation was an act of war. Such continued occupancy is under- stood by every Government to have been a warlike meriace, directed against the independence and exist- ence of Japan. Russia’s note is published concurrently with a boast that she will wipe out the Japanese armies next August. If she expect that in such event she will also have per- mission to do as she pleases with Japan she is probably mistaken, for it is inconceivable that the world will as- sent to her absorption of that empire. There is no in- tention anywhere to permit Russia to” become the dom- inating power of the planet, as she would be with Japan, China and Korea absorbed into her system. In this the United States is equally interested with the other West- ern nations. Such expansion of Russian power would practically drive us out of the Pacific, and while it is not probable that we would make war in the matter, it is | probable that we would join a concert of such Western nations as desire to preserve a just balance in the world’s trade, and prevent the spread of the execrable scheme of government represented in the Russian polity. We stand at present on Secretary Hay's note, en- forcing respect for the neutrality and territorial integ- rity of China. [t is a most important action, and makes a foundation for future action in protection of our inter- ests in the Pacific and in the trade of China. American public opinion and view of the morals of the Eastern conflict are exactly uttered in the many pulpits | in this country, in which the subject has been discussed. In not a single case has the Russian side met with any favor. The superior civilizations of Japan is recognized, as it should be, and the superior system of her govern- ment has not escaped indorsement. Japan has a high degree of popular government, with parliamentary insti- tutions and a perfect system of jflflsprudencc founded on the ‘common law. Americans will not see these insti- tutions submerged in the brutal autocracy of Russia. a In a discussion the State Conference of Charities and- Corrections an opinion seemed-to prevail the other day that the City and County .Hospital of San Fran- cisco .is the worst institution of its kind on earth. This appears to be a particularly severe and unjust criticism on the rest of the earth. San Franecisco is the only spot on the globe, at least of that part of it that claims civil- ization as an experience, which would tolerate a hospital like that on Potrero avenue. TWO THOUSAND WOMEN. WO THOUSAND women were represented in - a T recent gathering of delegates from women's clubs in Sacramento, having for their purpose the organi- zation of a women’s council. The purpose of assembling was duly accomplished. In addition to the clubs there were representatives of foreign missionary societies, ladies’ church aid societies, Good Templar lodges, the Ladies’ Hebrew Benevolent Society, the Ladies’ Auxil- iary of the Young Men’s Christian Association: the Oak Park Women's Christian Temperance Union, the Court- land Farmers’ Club, the Kingsley Art Club, the Ladies’ Choral Society, the Catholic Ladies’ Relief Society, the Ladies’ Auxiliary of the Synagogue and ,various other organizations. The body that was formed by agreement on the part of the delegates will be known as the Women’s Council for the Improvement of the City and County of Sacra- mento. The purposes are declared to be to bring the various associations of women into closer relations through an organic union. No affiliating association loses its independence or sacrifices its aims, principles or methods. The general and controlling idea is to get to- gether for the benefit of Sacramento. Two thousand women can do much for Sacramento or for a city of much greater size if they work harmoniously together. The large number of women inter:sted in this latest movement indicates that there is an awakening of civic spirit in the capital city of the State that portends some earnest attempts at betterment. How are the wonien going to better Sacramento? The answer contains some interesting points. Departments of study are to meet once a month, at which problems will be considered and digested. The council will meet quarterly and the departments for study and work must report every quarter to the council. By inference the names of the different departments that are provided for by the constitution that has been adopted for the coun- cil point out generally the immediate purposes of the affiliation. There will be an improvement league, to include road improvement and all work for the betterment of city and county not assigned to any other department. There will be a department to aid in the advancement of the public schools, a department of organized charities and another of moral reform. Each department elects its own officers. If any department undertakes a public work concerning which there are well defined differences of opinion, the proposition must obtain the sanction of the executive council. . R This is a brief outline of the large movement that is = interesting all the women in Sacramento County and has elements of interest for all women in California. Animated by a desire for the ‘public good and working with single aim to that end, the two thousand Sacra- mento women deserve well of the community in which they live, and serve as shining examples to other women wherever they may dwell In an address recently delivered before an Oakland audience Judge B. B. Lindsey of Denver urged ear- nestly that the State assume the attitude of a parent in the correction of criminal children. The learned jurist did not emphasize the fact, however, that criminal chil- dren among normal youths is a more dangerous condi- tion to society than criminal children among their ab- normat elders. It is better, perhaps, to destroy a dis- eased unit than to infect a community. INTERSTATE COMMERCE. H was reported to be what it is not, Mr. Hearst now girds at the press for taking it to be as reported. It was reported that he had introduced a bill to amend imprisonment out of the penal sections of the interstate commerce and anti-trust laws. He declares now that he wished to amend imprisonment into both. That is to say, he wants the interstate commerce law as it was originally, with imprisonment among the penalties for its violation. As it was known that the imprisonment feature was considered obmoxious during labor strikes which inter- fered with interstate commerce, so it was concluded, in some quarters, that Mr. Hearst was aiming to secure in the law such a penaity as would be ineffective in such cases. He is now on record, however, as desiring to confront all violators with the damp prison cell, and if the penalty is enforced equally, it is‘unobjectionable. It will be a proper precaution, however, to submit his bill to a committee on style and statement, to the end that it may be purged of complexity and that its cloudy state- ment may be cleared up. The interstate commerce law has been productive of much good, but is still lacking in very necessary fea- tures. The commission has no direct and original power to enforce its judgments. It must go to a judicial AVING drawn a bill so incomprehensibie that it .court to effect this, where all issues are subject to dilatory motions and vexatious delays. While preserving a proper regard for all rights involYed, such a law should be freed from the possibility of great delays, inasmuch as the merit of it consists largely in its prompt enforce- ment. There are those who believe it within the power of Congress to confer judicial powers upon the commis- sion, making it a court of first instance and original jurisdiction, with power of finality over some of the issues that come before it, unless they involve constitu- tional questions which may be appealed. Since the organization of the Department of Com- merce with its Bureau of Corporations, the merely exec utive functions of the Interstate Commerce Commission may undergo absarption into the new department, in- creasing the need of clothing it with duties more- spe- cifically judicial in their character. The transportation interests have found the commis- sion to be a material assistance in the adjustment of their relations to each other, since that which they are unable to agree to among themselves is readily adopted | by all when decided by the commission. Its field was untried ground when it began operations, and is so vast and intricate as to justify the care and deliberation with | which it has proceeded. It should not be clothed with unnecesary powers or those impossible of use, and the closer it is approximated to judicial methods the more service may be expected from it. It is the intention of the law to prevent restrictions upon commerce between %he States, either by transportation companies or by those who interfere with their business. The policy of our scheme of government is to secure free and unrestricted trade between the States. This policy is powerful enough to prevent embargoes on the sale and use of lawful property produced in one State and shipped into another. To illustrate, the Legislature of California cannot pass a law forbidding the use of lumber from Oregon, or of encaustic tiles from New Jersey, or iron hollowware from New York. What is forbidden in that respect to the State is not permitted to individuals, or combinations of individuals. If the State attempt it the courts void the statute, and the penal clauses of the interstate commerce law cannot be ap- plied. The case is different, however, with individuals, who can for such an act be imprisoned as soon as Mr. "Hearst amends the jail back into the law. A The cffect of restricting trade between the States of the same country is shown in Mexico, where it has been possible for each State to have its own tariff upon the products of any other State. This prevents the free cir- culation of commerce, restrains production and creates a narrow provincialism that is antagonistic to progress. What an interstate tariff does in Mexico will be done here, if it be permitted to any one to forbid the use in one State of the products of another, no matter what the pretext may be. As the constitution commits to Congress the regula- tion of these matters, there is still an opening for much wholesome legislation which should be had without the taint of ‘prejudice, demagogy, or class interest. It should apply in its regulations and its penalties impartially to all and should be administered in the same spirit of equality. The transportation facilities -of the ‘country have been prime factors in its development, and those who administer them have the greatest interest in the development of the resources which make their opera- jon profitable. If they are not wisely selfish by aiding such development, it is the duty of the law to make them so. 5 American shippers are justly agitated to know whether or not our foodstuffs, now on the way to either or both of the belligerent powers of the Orient, are to be consid- ered contraband of war. The safest solution of the diffi- culty perhaps is to insist upon a cash payment in ad- vance, and let the other fellow trouble himself about the uncertain question of delivery in these strenuous times of conflict on the high seas. —_— European dispatches indicate that Russia is deter- mined to send her Black Sea flect to the front. One would think that St. Petersburg would see the wisdom of having a few fighting ships left after the cruel war is over. If there is a nation on earth that should noc carry all her eggs in one basket surely it is Russia. Even Spain sees in the Far Eastern war the dread po- tential elements of a world conflict. When Spain can see anything affecting her own“interests it is time for the others in the family of nations to be up and doing. | | | | i | | | ways toward making my as it is now. {man dropped his eyes and sighed re | signedly, “she died.” TALK OF His Adventure. “How is it, Uncle Tom, that you never married?”" was the cuery put tu a bright-eyed little old fellow, the guest of a family in the Mission, a few nights ago. The blue eyes of the old man lost their brightness and on his face came a frown. He looked so worried for a minute or two that the guestioner was about to apologize, fearing that she had inadvertantly touched upon a sore spot in the life of Uncle Tom. But the gloomy look lasted only for a minute. Then the blue eyes became bright again and twinkled merrily. His lips parted in a smile and with a chuckle he said, “I did, once.” With exclamations of surprise the family gathered about the old man. He had always been known as a kindly old bachelor, fond of company and cheerful at all times, free from every care, who had gone through life with- out ever having been a vietim of the tender passion. “Let me see,” said the old fellow. “It was more than fifty years ago. 1 was then a young fellow, full of life, and like all young fellows, fond of a Joke or a hoax. Well, of all the girls I knew, and I knew a lot, I can tell you, there was not one who excited a warm- er feeling than friendship. One day 1 thought I would be very funny and inserted an advertisement in the paper containing the announcement that a young man of good habits, fairly weil- to-do and not bad looking, wanted a wife. 1 got about a thousand replies. I answered them all, generally in my reply stating that I did not think the applicant and the.advertiser would be congenial mates. From some I got scorching replies that made me feel a little nervous. “One in particular wrote to me and told me all sorts of things about myseif that I did not relish because I did not think they were true. It was from a woman in Ohio, who said that she felt g0 certain that she would be the select- ed one that after answering my ‘ad’ she had sold her little farm and held herself ready to fly to the arms of the young man with good habits, fair wealth and some good looks. Well, she must have flown, for the very day I got her answer she arrived at my shop in the little Michigan town where I was living. Somehow or other she con- vinced me that I was a villain of the deepest dye and that the only way T could maintain a position in decent so- ciety was to marry her. I did that afternoon. What I went through dur- ing the next few years went a long hair as white here the old Finally,” Blind Love. One of the prettiest of the chorus girls in a show recently in town re- jceived a note one day that made her eyes sparkle with excitement. It toid her how beautiful she was and that her every movement was full of ex- quisite grace and charm. The writer begged her to sup with him some night after the performance as he was very | anxious to become personally acquaint- ed with her. She showed the note to her girl friend who congratulated her on her good Iuck. Before she answered the note she and her girl friend met a well-known legal 1 light to whom they had been previously introduced and he was told about the note. She expressed her intentien to meet the writer as she feit sure she had made a “mash.” “By the way,"” she said, “do you know the gentleman?” mentioning his name. The legal light smiled broadly and when she asked in a sarcastic way what seemed to amuse him he laughed outright. “What are you laughing at?" she in- dignantly asked. “Why, the man is as blind as a bat,” replied the legal light as his sides shook with laughter. The pretty chorus girl was mad clear through and begged her girl friend and the gentleman to say nothing about the note, but the story was too good to keep and now it is a standing joke among the members of the company. " The Schoolhouse. Oh. make the schoolhouse beautiful By hill and plain and sea! Delight within and bloom without— Picture and flower and tree. For th'e l‘mys and girls, while life shall as And'wherever their steps may fare, Will remember the lovely. joyous place, Or the house forlorn and bare. And the lore they gained, and the pre- cepts h eard, And the patriot songs they sung, Wil b:e‘tmlured still if the spot was r In the days when life was young. Let the guelder-rose and the lilac bloom In welcome by the door, And the turf be green the H:mu between, And, above, the bright flag soar; And plant the elm for its regal shade, And the pine for its boughs of balm, olia with its lustrous leaves, And the jasmine, by the palm; For tree. and flower, and pleasant song, And the tale by the pictures told, ‘Wil help full many a youthful heart To turn life's gray to gold. Then make the schoolhouse beautiful e scl s ping, year by year, The nation yet to be! s e th's Companion. Diana in London. Time and change are nowhere more manifest than in the vagaries of Dame Fashion. For example, let the gracious THE TOWN OF AHE +* played the American rat’s skin, her tippet once covered an Arctic bear, and her sandals were laced with thongs made from the hide of the Morocco goat. She was accompanied by a fe- male whose appearance was equally striking. A hat curiously vandyked and lined with crimson, a puce-colored velvet pelisse, spotted with ermine, and fawn-colored gaiters, made her appear 2 most interesting figure.” The Highest Railway. One of the most interesting trips af- forded by the present transportation facilities of Peru is that over the Oroyo Railroad, which now runs from Callao to the gold fields of Cerro de Pasco. It is considered one of the wonderS in the Peruvian world, and the original contract was taken by Mr. Meiggs at | $27,600,000 in bonds at 79. It is cer- | tainly the greatest feat of rallroad en- gineering in either hemisphere, and as a specimen of American enterprise and workmanship it suffers nothing by com- parison. It was begun in 1870 and fin- ished in 1876, and additional work has since been done on it. Commencing in Callao, it ascends the marrow valley of the Rimac, rising nearly 5000 feet in the first forty-six miles. Thence it goes through the intricate gorges of the Sierras till it tunpels the Andes at an altitude of 15645 feet, the highest point in the world where a piston rod -is moved by steam. The wonder is dou- bled on remembering that the eleva- tion is reached in seventy-eight miles. One of the most remarkable things in connection with this road is that be- tween the coast and summit there is not an inch of down grade. The diffi- culties encountered in its construction were extreme—landslides, fallfng bowl- ders, soroche (or the difficulty of breathing ih high altitudes) and ver- rugas, a disease known oniy along the line of this road, characterized by a species of warts breaking|out all over the body and bleeding. About 3000 workmen were engaged at one time, and between seven and eight thousand persons died or were killed in the con- struction of the road. Answers to Queries. CATCH QUESTION — Subscriber, City: This department does not an- swer catch questions, nor questions in arithmetic, nor solve problems. LIBRARY WORK—R. S8, City. 1If there is any school in San Francisco in which a person can attend a course in library work it must be a private one. IN A RESTAURANT-—Subscriber, City. When a gentleman accompanies a lady to a restaurant it is his place to ask the lady what she desires and to give the order to the waiter. NAVAL ACADEMY—A. 8. W., Oak- land, Cal. A youth of the proper age who desires to enter the Naval Acad- emy at Annapolis should communicate with the Congressman of the district in which he lives. ESCORTING A LADY—Subseriber, A modern work on etiquette “At all times the man walks on that side of a woman companion on which he can afford her the greatest protection from danger or obstacles, therefor he may give her the right or the left arm 'mdmerenlly." STREET ETIQUETTE—M. J., Apple- gate, Cal. If a gentleman meets a lady who is merely an acquaintance before addressing her he should wait until she recognizes him. If the lady is a friend or one who has met the gentleman on a number of occasions then it matters not which, on meeting, speaks first. NAVAL FORCES—Subscriber, Berke- ley, Cal. The following show the names of the principal nations of the world and the numerical strength of their navies: Russia—383 vessels for effec- tive service, 120 miscellaneous vessels, 62.715 officers and men; Great Britain— 356, 627, 97,734; Ttaly—346, 99, 25.411; France—344, 240, 55,677; United States— 151, 61, 33,850; Austria-Hungary—133, 42, 14,643; Germany—110, 98, 33,908: Japan—T74, 33, 16,046, ALIENS—Subscriber, Pleasanton, Cal. The constitution of California has the following in relation to aliens and real estate: “Foreigners of the white race or of African descent eligible to become citizens of the United States under the naturalization laws thereof while bona . fide residents of this State shall have the same rights in respect to the acqui- | sition, possession, enjoyment, transmis- sion and inheritance of all property other than real estate as native-born citizens.” NATURALIZATION — Subscriber, City. If a boy 2 vears of age, born of Germany parents in Germany, is brought to the United States by his parents ‘and during his minority his father becomes a citizen of the United reader endeavor to obtain a mental ’ States, that boy, by virtue of his father's color plate of this lady whom the Lom- | natyralization, becomes a citizen of don Globe pictured in the riotous splen- | tho United States. If his father does dor of I 2 Gardens were thronged with elegant company. The belles displayed antique and unique fashion. The beaux ex- hibited the scarlet vest trimmed with broad fur and gold lace. Among the oddities, a lady excited general admira- tion; she appeared like a nymph of Says the Glooe: Diana’s train ready for the chase. Her| Special information y the park and Kensington taining his not become a citizen that boy on at- . if he wishes to become an American citizen, must ap- ply for naturalization papers. —————— Townsend's California glace fruits and candies. 30c a_pound, in artistic fire- etched boxes. A nice present for Eastern friends. 715 Market st.. above Call bldg. * —_—————— supplied mantel of blue velvet was ornamented | business houses and public !’Ihe'm“‘mfl:.‘fl'wfll- fornia street. T X