The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 13, 1904, Page 8

THE SA FRANCISCO CAL SATURDAY. FEBRUARY 13, 1904 Dressm Hints Upon BY DORA MAY MORRELL. | Copyright, 1904, by Joseph B. Bowles) The gquestion of being well clothed of moment woman, and tiy so, since she is judged by what aking. to every she wears and since she expresses her- seif whether consciously or otherwise in her raiment. She who can cut, fit and make g is fortunate, is she who can tailor or modiste ther trouble the her clo and order w gown she needs at the price she will pay, but the is almost as rarely found as the If a girl or woman has the time to do own sewing she can invest no money where it will bring larger and more satisfactory re- turns than in learning the trade of! dressmaking for her own benefit. There a many littie things that one must learn from a good dressmaker if she is to have resuits that look pro- fessional instead of home-made. | For the averige woman there are three courses open when it comes to renewing her wardrobe. She can go 10 a shop and buy a dress ready made, she can buy her goods and take them for making to the average maker, or she can have a good woman sew for her at home. To take the goods to an average dressmaker is the most ex- | pensive of the three and likely to be more v isfactory than either of the other hods. No dressmaker will make a costume or gown as well and cheaply as an be bought ready ade at good house, where the | changes ng are made at small cost. The arguments in favor of having a dressmaker at home are many. In the £ ne can sew with her, ing. stitching on the ma- king lessons in good work ame lime; there is an economy first cost and also through the opportunity of using linings one has on hand, bits of silk, etc.; also, one saves @ great deal in the year by having her pieces of linings, goods and spools of | thread over in her possession. How 2 = 48 s S g | best economy, if one has little money, { to buy only a good thing. |itan system were | the suburban roads and | highways. | more to the eletric roads, are paying | | the facilities for travel. R, e, | to use a lining a second time depends upon its quality; as a rule it is unwise | to do this, since if in cleansing it it has not been kept perfectly true to the weave it will pull to the side. Oc-| casionally a lining is so firm that it | may safely be used a second time for a house dress or like inexpensive frock. A good cambrig is much more to be chosen then a cheap silk, and for all- around service there is nothing better than a fine percaline. Experience has | shown that many of the fancy colored | linings in the cheaper qualities do not | pay to make up. They have been| known to cut in the stitching so that| they never could be worn. It is the Siazy lin-! e dear at any price. ings About Sireet Railways. BY SERENO S. PRATT. Wal urnel, or of Work of Wall Stree (Copyright, 1804, by Joseph B. Bowles.) Although the street railroad has a | history as long as that of the steam | railroad, its greatest and most rapid development has been in the last two decades. The steam railread in this country dates back to 1829. Two years later | the first street railroad was estab-! lished. This was in New York City, | and consisted of a cradely constructed | line from Prince street to the Harlem | River. It was not a success, however, | and was abandoned in four yvears. In| 1852 the lines which now constitute | the main parts of the great Metropol- | constructed, and | street. railways were thereafter soon introduced into other cities. San Francisco has the distinction of being | the birthplace, in 1873, of the firat | cable railroad, and Cleveland, in 1881, | of the first electrie line. | To the application of electricity as| motive power the street railways owe | their rapid development in the past! twenty vears. The “trolley,” overhead | and underground, has not only taken | possession of the city streets, but of | the State | Lines of electric roads now | connect New York and Philadelphia | and New York and Boston. So great| has become their competition in local | ““The | (Editor | traffic with the steam rallroads that | |in some Instances the latter have re- | | duced their local service and, leav- | the suburban traffic. more and | i ing more attention to the development of | their through business. But it is a law of the transportation business that nothing serves more to increase travel than the increase in | The vice president of the Paris, Lyons and Mediterranean Railw: recently wrote that every new inven- tion in the way of locomotives serves only to develop the taste for travel. As a matter of faet, bicycles, auto- mobiles and trolleys actually increase much differefice this makes one will | (Favel beyond even the facilities they | realize only after experience shows (hemselves afford, so that the steam her. The dresmaker who comes to |'8ilroads are thereby actually bene-! the house is much more ready to use | f¥¢d. In New York City it might al- | bits of lace and ribbon than is her | MOSt be said that every new line of sister who has an establishment to |\Tavel has really increased the prob- | » and must therefore be less of time and goods. There are two w in which the woman who wishes to be well dressed at small expense will not economize— she will not buy inferior lining nor will she hire any but an expert dressmaker. Some of those who go out by the day in cities charge $4 and are worth it in the style of their work. In two days| lem of rapid transit. Statistics show | that the percentage of passengers to | population is increasing at the rate of three to one. There is no doubt what- | ever that the development of exten- | sive systems of trolley lines is work- ing great changes in the transporta- tion business. The application of | electric motive power to the present | steam lines is a possibility of the fu- | such a one will cut and fit several| '“r® & { gowns, and her employer o & cearn.| How immense this development has st ® S€AM-|peen is shown by the statistics for stress will do the simple work. Almost as good is a skillful woman who can fit and who will use any of the excel- lent patterns by which she may get the design wanted. Since a dressmaker is paid by the day, the woman who engages her, if she is wise, will have everything in readiness for her when she arrives, even to an idea of the way in which the @ress shall be cut. If it is to be made by pattern that should be at hand. When the dressmaker is engaged she should be consulted as to the amount of linings and findings, and should all be provided at the outset. It is poor economy to have to go shop- ping while the dressmaker waits. Such trimmings as could not be bought be- fore operations were begun should be planned on the day that the dressmaker | comes and be bought at once. One essential that is too often for-| gotten is a machine in perfect order. ! 1f one is without this useful household | servant she may hire it for a week for | $1 or less. If one is the owner of a| machine she will see that it is well | cleaned and oiled the day before the dressmaker comes, for by taking it a day early she does not have to take the time for the task when she might ' be working with her dressmaker, and | the oil is then past the dripping stage. | Those who use mackines know the ir-| ritating way drops of oil have of ap-| pearing after the machine has been | well wiped and it is supposed to be! free from any such danger. { Prepare for the dressmaker by h.v-j ing everything ripped that is to be| made over, the threads removed and | the goods sponged or cleansed if neces. sary. There is nothing better for cleansing woolens and silk than water, in which soap bark i= placed. Thh] will remove the shiny appearance from black silk. Bits of velvet may be| steamed over a hot iron and will be ready to do service again. Laces ma; be washed in gasoline if white, but are | not to be starched or ironed. Do not wash in a room where there is a! fire, as it is unsafe. Bach picot should | be picked out with a pin and the lace | tightly rolled over a bottle or stick. | Black lace that has lost its firmness | may be dipped into weak gum arabic water, smoothed and hung to dry! where it touches nothing. Passemen- teries that need a stitch to restore their | usefulness may be put in order easily. | Preparation in these small pu.rucuhn' is time well spert, and saves dollars. No lace should ever be thro away, for if the ground work has worn out the figure can be appliqued -Mbeet-l fective in many places. . Cheap linings are really very expen- | sive, for they will not wear as long as | the material of the gown, and they' never cling to the figure to give pretty fit desired. Whether it is well these | the answered the 1802, the latest available for the pur- poses of comparison. The street rail- | way mileage was 22589, or about 11 per cent of the steam railroad mileage. | The capital stock was $1,216,277,989, or about one-fifth of that of the steam ‘rallraads. The funded debt was $9: 328,636, or about one-seventh. The gross | earnings were $241,584 697, or 14 per cent | of those of the steam lines. The net | earnings were $102,572,693, or more than | 18 per cent. The dividends paid aggre- | gated $15,908,216. Not counting the transfers, there | were 4,813,466,001 passengers carried on | the trolleys, the car mileage being |1,097,806,884. That was equal to 63 rides | for every man, woman and child in | the United States. In New York City in the same year the passengers num- bered 1,051,000,000, or over 284 rides per | papita. Some of the lines carry freight. express and mail to a Lmited extent, but that is a minor part of their busi- ness. The vast investments in street railroads are made in anticipation of | i.e profit to be derived from the ac- | cumulation of 5-cent pieces. The steam railroads, whose great profits are main- ly derived from freight, carried in the year under review only one-seventh as many roads, although their much greater. I capitalists have been attracted by the boundless possibilities in the accumu- mileage is so lation of G-cent pieces to invest heav- | ily in the street railroad business. Commodore Vanderbilt constructed the line through Fourth avenue, New York. Jay Gould early recognized the oppor- tunities which this fleld of enterprise I-floxde«l and obtained control of the elevated railroads in that city. His children still mairntain the investment, although the control @f the property has passed by lease to the company which is constructing and is to ope- rate the underground railroad through Manhattan Island, In which August Belmont and other noted capitalists are interested. The surface lines in New York have been developed into a great system by William C. Whitney and Thomas F. Ryan. with tfie aid of the Wideners and Elkinses of Philadelphia, who, besides their control of traction lines in that city, have been connected with similar enterprises in Chicago and Pittsburg. J. Pierpont Morgan, E. H. Harriman, Marshall Field, A. N. Brady, R. P. Wilson, Norman B. Ream and | H. H. Vreeland are some of the well known names that are connected with street railway development in this country. ——————— “Johnny,” said the teacher to a small boy, “where is the north pole?" “At the top of the man.” promptly youthful st t.—Ex- g | tions in California. permanent and not a sporadic condition. | private employers. passengers as the street rail- | is not surprising that powerful | THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Propriefor . . . o . .. . . . Address Ali Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager e e AN EQUABLE CLIMATE. SATURDAY..... T is a common thing to hear Eastern people com- [ plain that the coast climate of California is cold, at certain seasons of the year. As we have pointed out, the diurnal fiuctuations of our coast temperature seldom exceed ten degrees. Take the record for the 11th of this month, as an example. The minimum temperature in San Francisco was 40, ahd the maximum 54. East of the mountains the temperature was, at Flagstaff, Arizona, 18 and 34; at Carson, Nev,, 16 and 32; at Phoenix, 34 and 74; at Winnemucca, 12 and 48. This difference between the lowest and highest daily temperature increases as the record extends eastward.. It is known that the daily change in temperature, more than the seasonal change, affects heaith, the prosecution of industries and the pro- ductivity of a country. The record establishes the reliability of climatic condi- The equability of temperature is a In that re- spect this State differs radically from any other part of the United States. lts conditions of temperature are fixed. The cool weather in the winter months is not the cold weather of an Eastern winter. The average lowest tem- perature at all coast and valley points in California on | February 11 was 42 5-8, and the average highest was 57.5 an average total fluctuation of only 15 degrees. At the points recorded east of the Sierra Nevada, the same day, the average lowest temperature was 20, and the average highest 37, a difference of 37 degrees. As far as California temperatures are concerred, it may be estimated with certainty that the averages will be practically the same next year and forever. In all of our endeavors to attract the attention of the East to our climate, this quality of reliable equability should be made plain. In the East the characteristic winter epidemics have their origin in the acute daily changes in tempera- ture. It is a common thing there to have a change of 40 degrees in twenty-four hours, and a fall of 3o degrees | in thirty minutes is not uncommon. A very acute illustration of inequability and unrelia- bility of ciimate was furnished recently by a Denver newspaper, which made comparisons between Denver and Chicago on the temperatures of February 4, by pointing out that the highest temperature in Denver on that date was 68, being sfill below the warm record of that date, which is 77 degrees, reached in 1890. But the same paper quite innocently added: “The coldest weather in Denver on February 4 was in 1883, when the temperature was 22 below zero.” This admission means a record of a difference in tem- perature on the same day of the month in different years of 99 degrees! A visitor lured to such place may there- fore find the temperature 99 degrees lower or higher, at haphazard. The same excessive change may be found at any other point, clear to the Atlantic coast. During the present winter changes of 62 degrees in twenty-four hours have not been uncommon in that region. We by no means underrate the capacities and produc- tive and industrial power of the East, but desire merely to emphasize the agreeable differences between the equable climate of California and the Eastern climate. The alarming epidemics of pneumonia this winter in Eastern cities are caused by the extreme fluctuations of temperature. In Chicago, New York, Washington and other cities, that disease has taxed the resources of physi- | cians and health boards and the capacity of hospitals. The percentage of fatalities has been unusually large, and as consumption develops in a definite proportion of pa- tients after the acute disease is spent, we get a view of the reason for the constant increase in that most fatal of all respiratory diseases. The way for it is prepared by pneumonia, and that originates largely in the daily fluctuations of temperature. Acute diseases of the respiratory organs exist every- where. They are found in California, but they are not epidemic here. Consumption is in many parts of the State an imported disease, and gets its hold apparently by infection. It is one of the disadvantages of an equable climate that it attracts the sick, who somewhat spread dis- ease by contact and infection. This is being overcome everywhere by the spread of medical knowledge and the extending use of disinfection. But here again, we have the advantage of an equable climate as a safeguard against imported disease. In Cal- ifornia the enjoyment of outdoor life is in reach all the year, and infectious diseases are spread by life indoors, compelled by the rigors and changes of temperature. An edict has gone forth that -subordinates in Federal employment in this city must render to the Government service of equal efficiency and time to that demanded by In our intense interest in the war- like affairs of the Far East we should not forget that his order from Washington marks a bloodless revolu- RURAL MAIL DELIVERY. HE rural free delivery system of the postofiice, tion in the affairs of Uncle Sam. T efficient though it has proved to be, is still the subject of legisiative consideration and of pro- jected measures for the betterment of its service. By the recent ruling oi the Fourth Assistant Postmaster General relative to the handling of newspapers by the rural carriers a hardship has been worked upon both the proprietors of the journals and the carriers themselves which calls for some legisiation on the part of Congress to determine the real intent of the law governing the | duties of the country postman. A bill will be intro- | duced in Congress shortly granting such employes of the tdeparrmént enlarged powers in the matter of the dis- | tribution of newspapers along their routes of delivery. . According to the Jate ruling of the department car- riers are restricted in the enjoyment of any addition to their meager salaries which might come from their dct- ing in the cay:dty of news agents by the fiat that all unaddressed papers coming to them direct from the pub- lishers by mail or any vehicle outside of the mails must be subject to the regular paymant'of postage for second- class matter before they can be delivered. If the car- | rier be a registered news agent he is allowed !he‘priv. ileges of publishers and newsdealers and instead of pay- ing one cent for every four ounces of unaddressed papers which come to him for distribution he is charged one cent a pound. In other words, the department rules that bundles of unaddressed papers coming to the carrier are, “out of the mails” at the minute they are delivered to him and that to forward them to their destination he | must mail them to himself and then deliver them. - Under this regime the Govem_ment gains nothing. Even if the carrier be a registered news agent the reve- nue from the bundle of unaddressed papers is the same as if the publishers had separately sealed and addressed every copy to their country u‘bncfifem ~Not only would there be a considerable saving of labor in sorting the mail if the rural carrier were allowed to act as the direct deliverer, but the gain in time and expense to the pub- | Were the present order remedied subscriber, carrier and publisher would lishers would be very agprecinble. all profit. .Third and Market Streets, S. F. Something in a Name. Horace Hawes, a well-known lawyer in his day and the author of the con- solidation act, which was the funda- { mental law of San Francisco for over It behooves Congress to make the rural service more | thirty years, was famous for his biting profitable to the carrier. now received by them cannot be said to be in itself sui- ficient, nor does the prospect of working indefinitely for that wage with no increase as the reward of meritorious service appear golden. During the fiscal year ending July 31, 1902, 18 per cent of the entire force of rural free delivery carriers resigned, and even after the re- muneration had been increased the ratio of resignations was 19 per cent. Could Congress see fit to offer the coun- try postmen increased salary upon the civil service idea of merit the system would doubtless profit thereby. At any rate the carrier should not be entirely debarred from picking up an honest penny to supplement his present salary. The splendid building which San Francisco will erect at the St. Louis Exposition to represent our progress in the civilizing arts is to be adorned with a roof gar- den, in which dishes reminiscent of the San Franciscans’ native heath are to be prepared and served. What sort of cooking will they have? This city is gastronomically cosmopolitan, and if all our people are reminded of our home cooking the rest of the fair will flee in dismay. TEACHERS’ RETIREMENT FUND. COMMITTEE representing the Teachers’ Re- A tirement and Annuity Association has requested the Board of Education to obtain the opinion of the City and County Attorney as to the power of the board to deduct one dollar a month or more from the salary of each teacher, with or without her consent, for the benefit of the fund. As the statute is mandatory as regards this city, and perfectly plain, this means a re- quest for an opinion as to the constitutionality of the law. As this question is morally certain to be some time tested in the courts it is none too early to begin its careful examination. The legal aspect of the case, however, is not the only phase needing attention. Tt is imperative, before pro- ceeding much further in the matter, to obtain a report of competent insurance actuaries as to what annuities any given contribution can be relied on to produce. A life annuity of $30 per month, if purchased from an in- surance company, at the age of fifty years would cost a lump sum of $35602 40 if made payable quarterly. A teacher contributing $1 per month pays into the fund but $360 in thirty years. If the contribution were $3 per month, it would amount to $1080 in that period. The money paid into an insurance company would be in- vested and earn income. But a small part of the pay- ments of our teachers is to be invested. There is a dis- crepancy here which needs explanation. Thegcity can- not afford to be a party to a deception. It is certain that a great number of the teachers are dissatisfied with the working of the law. It is asserted by some that this is the feeling of the majority. That is a question of fact easily determined. The cost of a secret ballot would be very trifling and the Board of Education would do weli to take one. The opposition even of a considerable majqrity, however, should not | necessarily defeat the plan, provided it is financially sound, nor is there much reason to believe that any serious opposition would exist to the establishment of an | annuity system on a basis recognized as equitable, finan- cially sound and within the means of the contributors. A claim on a reliable annuity fund is a very valuable asset, but it costs money. There is no way by which provision for old age can be made without serious cost, involving for most people great present sacrifice. But it is worth having. Provision for superannuated workers is a question which inevitably arises whenever tenure of service in public employment is made permanent. It has been settled in all other countries by a pension system. American public sentiment has never favored that. The question is a burning one in the Federal civil service. It has become so in our school department. It will arise in all branches of our city government in the course of time. The great employing corporations are already dealing with it. The Federal civil service employes have taken expert advice and find the cost of retirement annuities prohibitory at their present salaries, | The Federal Civil Service Commission has recommended | the creation of a fupd, one half by deduction from stla- ries, and one half bf contributions from the Treasury. Thus far our city authorities seem to have been pro- ceeding blindly. There are many young teachers who do not believe they will thems_clves ever get benefit from their contributions. The annnitants are in fear lest those who are dissatisfied may bring suit. It is a question which should he faced openly, frankly and in a kindly and liberal spirit. But it should be dealt with thoroughly and on expert advice. Seventeen of a native constabulary in Luzon deserted their posts the other day, robbed the people they were employed to guard, equipped themselves with rifles and started out on the hazardous mission of raising another insurrection. The recklessness with which some of the Luzon natives hunt for death by violence indicates somewhat clearly that they do not like the climate of their native land. They are rapidly placing themselves in the category of good Indians. —_———— Measures have been taken in Iowa to place upon the statute-books of the State a law commanding all persons intending to enter the marriage state to submit to pre- liminary instruction designed to equip them for the well- known uncertainties of their venture. How long is it since the mind of man ceased in despair to seck the solu- tion of the riddle of matrimony? Towans are bitious. am- After the night attack of the Japanesc torpedo-boats upon the Russian warships at Port Arthur observers saw the Czar’s sailors throwing ping-pong tables with desperate abandon into the sea. Has it been upon a ping-pong table that the Bear has taught his subjects the strategy of war? They will have to learn quickly to play another game or retire to the Amur forever. A —— - Five tons of shoe nails destined for the use of the Japanese army left this port a few days ago. The tem- per of the little.brown warriors now in the field is elo- quent testimony that if the Mikado wants to use this tr cargo he will have to send an army of cobblers The maximum salary of $600 | sarcasm when aroused to use it. An | occasion came one time when he was | engaged in a controversy over a case {in court where the late E. D. Sawyer, {at one time a District Judge, was the | opposing counsel in the case. |« Judge Sawyer interrupted Hawes’ argument with, “Oh, pshaw! There is fnmhinx in a name.” This sneer was | interjected at a time when Horace | Hawes was quoting from some ceéle- ! brated author on the law of evidence, | of which he wished the court to take { judicial notice. ! “What's that?” ejaculated Hawes. “Nothing in a name; ho such thing, sir; there is everything in a name. We | have an example of the value of a | name right here in this city. We have | one eminent lawyer on the bench here | named Lorenzo Sawyer, whose decl- | sions are quoted and respected all over the United States for their soundness, !and out of respect to this name the | people of this city have elevated four Sawyers to the bench and made no- taries public of three more; none of | whom know sufficient law to get a mangy dog out of the public pound.” Judge Lazeson’s Luck. A few days ago Justice of the Peace | Lawson attracted considerable atten- {tion to himself at the City Hall by | walking about the corridors with a most dismal expression on his face. “What's the trouble, Judge?” asked a newspaper man, who, being well ac- quainted with Lawson, noticed the un- happy look on his face. “Oh, nothing,” said Lawson, “just a case of hard luck. A young fellow and a girl just came into my chambers with a license and asked me to make | them husband and wife. When I had tied the knot the groom asked me what was the fee. He was well dressed and appeared prosperous. I told him that I left that matter to him. He handed me half a dollar. Of course, | I refused it, and told him to take his little wifey out and buy her a swell dinner with it. He thanked me very {kindly and left. I went over to my | desk and sat down to enter the fact !that I had this day performed the | ceremony uniting two fond and loving {hearts and also to ruminate on the | question of the extravagance of young ! people. Hardiy had I completed the jentry when I detected the odor of | burning cloth. I got up hastily and | discovered that a hole as big as a | doHar had been burned in a brand new pair of $14 trousers I had put on for | the first time that morning. I had sat | on a butt of a cigar left behind by the liberal gentleman whom I had just made a benedict.” The Pen and the Punch. thickset, fighter Lived next door to a struggling writer, Who was hollow-eyed and thin and pale, While !lhe pug waxed stout on beef and ale. A long-armed, bull-necked The man of brains spent years of nights | With Learning’s glorious ancient lights; And the pug said, “Bet you, de bloke wid de books, While he's starving, wishes he had my 00Kks. Dese fellows wid brains ought to take a hunch | And drill demselves wid de knock-out punch!” The bruiser slaughtered a fool his size And was given a thousand-dollar prize, And tHe neighbors said, “There’s more in ghting, It's very plain, than there is in writing!” The pug won a pile ere he lost his grip: Then pla‘\“.ed the races, and each “straight tip Diminished his wealth, till he launched full soon— And ruined himself—in a beer saloon. The writer finished a book and a play And Adscmg the worid would sing some ay. And his royalties. flowing in at last, | Made his coffers gleam with a fortune vast. A Home for the Aged and Helpless then He built with the fruits of his brain and pen. The fighter. friendless, helpless and old. Wrecked in body and hungry and cold. ?Y'nkn'):n. crawled into the home one ay !And passed his waning hours away. But before he was counted out. he said, “Brains and a n are worlds ahead!' If T had kids. I'd give dem de hunch Dat brains and a pen beats de knockout punch.” —REGSFORD JANGSBY. Matches. Few people realize that matches may be considered one of the leading inven- i tions of the nineteenth century, yet ex- actly 100 years ago the chemical facili- |t[es for obtaining fire, as a substitute | for the clumsy and untrustworthy tin- der box, which then formed the onmly | means of “striking a light,” began to ihe studied. Matches which ignite by friction are now held so ridiculously cheap that it is almost impossible to realize that once they were a costly as well as a dangerous luxury, while when first introduced the very names of phosphorus and lucifer had something diabolical in themi to the conmservative mind. The tinder box constitutes one of the very earliest methods of obtain- ing fire, and it is believed to have been used in the households of our Saxon ancestors, although the earliest men- tion of them is by Shakespeare. | Sensible Justice. Squire John V. Ginley of Cleveland, Ohio, is a believer in the sacredness of the marriage bond. He has theories of his own regarding the duties of the justice. Runaway couples and ro- mantically inclined young people v ho imagine that the love which is claimed +* there has been hemming and hawing and a faintly murmured, “I guess we don’t want to get married yet,” and then a rather hasty exit. “Do you know the meaning of the words ‘until death do ye part’ That ie the question the squire puts to those who come to him to be made man and wife, and when they feebly murmur, “Yes,” he produces a paper which would make those who sign it parties to an agreemept not to take any ad- vantage of any law whereby they might in the future obtain a divorce. At this juncture it has been the squire’s ex- perience that a general waning of en- thusiasm ensues, and his callers leave him. Squire Ginley does not belleve in divorce. It is a matter of principle with him first and then of law.—Boston Transcript. In the Kaiser's Smile. Those who are interested in German affairs would do well to keep their eyes on Baron Hans Christian von Ham- merstein, Minister of the Interfor of Prussia, and who at the present mo- ment enjoys probably to a greater de- gree than any of his colleagues the favor and the good will of the Kaiser. The latter has just econferred upon him the right to wear the imperial hunt uniform, a distinetion enjoyed by none of the other Ministers of state—not even by the Chancellor of the empire—and has anncunced his intention of confer- ring upon him the order of St. Hubert, a rare distinction, which, aside from the princes of the blood and the very great nobles, is only worn by Field Marshal Count Waldersee. Baron Hammerstein is about 60 years old, and, like so many cther men high in office in the service of Prussia, a Hanoverian by birth, his father having been in turn Minister of State of the last King of Hanover and subsequent- ly of the present reigning Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Baron Hans took part in the Franco-German war, and subsequently was employed in the civil administration of the conquered provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, where by means of his tact, breadth of view and sound judgment he contributed in no small measure to reconcile the peo- ple to their mew rulers and to their altered allegiance. In fact, while there is no prospect of Count Bulow’s resign- ing the Chancellorship, since apparent- Iy he continues to enjoy as much as ever the well deserved confidence of his sovereign, yet Baron Hammerstein's name is being freely discussed at Ber- lin as the most likely candidate for his succession. Answers to Queries.- SEIZING VESSELS—A Subscriber, City. In The Call of February 10, page 6, column 2, under the head of “Liners May Be Seized,” there is a full answer as to the liability of vessels being seized during the present Russo-Japanese war. CARNEGIE—N. N., Santa Barbara, Cal. The address of Andrew Carnegie is 2 East Ninety-first street, New York City. Letters sent to Carnegie or other millionaires are opened by his private secretary and if in the nature of “beg- ging” letters are consigned to the waste basket and never reach the person to whom addressed. GORDON'S WIDOW—OId Confeder- ate Soldier, Reno, Nev. The maiden name of the widow of the late John B. Gordon, who was a general in the Con- federate army and the thirty-fifth Gov- ernor of Georgia, was Fanny Haralson. She was the daughter of Congressman Hugh A. Haralson and was married to General Gordon in 1853. PRESIDENCY—E. V. F', San Mateo, Cal. Religion is not a qualification for the office of President of the United States. There is nothing in the law that says that a mah qualified under the constitution for the office is dis- qualified because he is either a Prg- testant, a Catholic, a Methodist or be- longs to any other creed. THE CIVIL WAR—A Patron, City. The records of the War Department st Washington, D. C., show that as a re- sult of the Civil War the number Union soldiers killed in battle was 67, 068, died of wounds 43.012, died of dis- eases 109,720 and from other causes 40,154, making a total of 349994 There have never beeh any exact figures as to Confederata losses. The number that died in action is given as 95,000, but how many died from other causes is not known. THE HIGHEST—C. A. C., Calistoga, Cal. In all governmental departments highest, but cannot draw two compen- sations. For a definite answer as to the particular case named in the letter of "l'-'-n;-&mumn.heemnfl a pound, artistie fre- etched A nice present for Eastern 715 Market st.. above Call bldg. *