The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 15, 1904, Page 8

~ INSTRUCTIVE . . Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager Publication Office .. .J\TUDID\" |JOHN D, SPRECKELS, rm:km e ¥ .Third and Market Streets, S. F. .JANUARY 15, 1904 FRIDAY ..l oiy... i s PR, o 7 lding a Railroad. By EARL D. BERRY Former Railroad Editor New Tork Times and New York Sun 1904, by Joseph B. Bowles) .. H Harriman said a few days auo“ that. not less than $100,000,000 would be requ to complete the work of reconstruction planned between Ogden end San Francisco along the Union | Pacific and the Southern Pacific lines. Part of this work has already been dor d not the least important feat- ure completed improvements on this transcontinental thirty-mile known system is across Great Salt the Lucin cut-off. that this bridging viaduct snginee of the n 1d of Salt Lake is one of the most extraordinary feats of con- gtructive engineering known. It cost ebout 85,000,000, Mr. Harriman pro- poses 1o surpa his feat by tunneling the Sie vada Mouniains at a cost Ax[u o of betwee 00 and $20.000,000. Practically all of the millions needed to carry out the pians for reconstruct- Union Pacific and Southern Pa- ds ¥ been provided for ing cific ra by liberal drafts on current income and the thorized issue of new securities The ease and promptness with which these scores of millions have been 1 matked contrast with the Asa Whitney priate $5000 to for a transcon- The great work now struggle o by Mr. Harriman and his with such liberality and v is hardly suggestive of the pub- apathy, the tragedy and the ro- n of the pioneer days Whitney was a New York mer- ho, while in China prior to ame s winced of the ast « N al advantages to be de- rived from railroad communication be- en the Pacific Coast and the pros- ous American cities on the Atiantic' rd. He collected statistics show- e character and extent of the trade of China, Japan and India, and forthwith pictured to h and his friends the Aladdin-like wealth within the reach of his fellow untrymen. New York 1t 184 rgetic camp: transcontinental railroad. that time was to obtain a of land from the Government a route from Lake Superior to Sound, «and start the construec- tion of the railroad with funds sub- scribed for the stock of a Pacific Coast Railway Company. It took four years of persistent effort to obtzin a hearing before Congress, and even then the enthusiastic merchant was snubbed and Jaughed at. In 1846 the House Commit- tee on Pacific Lands reported in favor of building a railroad to the Pacific Coast, but took no definite steps in that direction. Seven years later an appro- priation of $5000 was made for a pre- liminary survey. During the eleven ¥ s that it had taken Asa Whitney to accomplish this small result he had sacrificed a large proportion of his own fortune in disseminating information &nd enlisting the co-operation of other men. His health broke down and he €id not live to enjoy the practical re- @lization of his dream. The seed had been planted in pro- ductive soil, however, and the project grew—very slowly at first, but stead- ily and hardily. One by one able men of commanding influence’ took the matter up, and finally a tardy public sentiment demanded the building of @ railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Co: General William Tecumseh Sherman says in his mem- | 6irs: “Shortly after returning from Monterey I was sent by General Smith up to Sacramento City to Lieutenants Warner and Williamson of the engineers (U. A.) to push their surveys to the Sierra Nevada Mountains for the purpose of ascer- taining the possibility of passing that range by a railroad, a subject that then “elicited universal interest. It was generally assumed that such a| road could not be made along any .of the immigrant roads then in use, and Warner's orders were to look farther north up the Feather River or some of its tributari gaged in this survey during the sum- mer and fall of 1849, and explored to the very end of Goose Lake, the source of Feather River." General Sherman remarked that it was impos- sible to ascertain who was the first to suggest the construction of a rail- road to the Pacific Coast. The fact is recorded that as far back as 1834 ' Dr. Samuel Boncraft Barlow wrote in favor of building a railroad from New York to the mouth of Columbia Rivy-" er. This idea subsequently developed into the Northern Pacific Railroad project. Between 1850 and 1860 the con- stantly increasing number of advo- cates of a railroad to the Pacific Coast divided into rival factions and schemes for obtaining the Co onal aid maultiplied. One entervrising New York and Boston showman undertook to raise the money for building the desired transcontinental line by or- sanizing a gigantic lotu‘ry. Angther y::?)oflfion was for the Federal Gov- erfiment to establish a popular sub- scription bureau and issue stock re- ceipts for each subscription, however small. The discovery of gold in Cal- ifornia increased the Congressional support of the railroad project and, had it not been for the ante-rebellion snimosities favorable action would | undoubtealy | solute necessity of a railroad.to the | ally undefended: the | instruct | Warner was en- ! e have been taken much earlier than it was. The war ftself brought the Govern- ment to a realizing sense of the ab- | Pacific. Aside from the fact that the | entire, Pacific Coast territory of the United States was exposed—practic- to hostile attack, it was soon ascertained that the Govern- ment was obliged to spend $7,000,000 annually for the carrying of troops, supplies and mails between the Mis- sippi River and the Pacific Ocean. Congress granted a charter for the Union Pacific Railroad in 1862, and in 1864 amended this charter, giving more liberal terms to capitalists and doubling tHe land grant. Even then | private capital held aloof from the | enterprise, and General W. T. Sher-| man urged that the Government build | the road. President Lincoln, who wa anxious to have the road built, told General Sherman that the Federal | Government had its hands full and | could not think of embarking in the business 'of railroad construction. Art of Homemaking. —.D—ERI'.‘ GOSSE, D.TU David BY Author of CHARLES “The Redemption of son,"”" ete (Copyright, 1904, by Joseph B. Bowles.) Undoubtedly *housekeeping” is art, and a very fine art, too. an In every | community you may see it brought to | its highest perfection. There are cer- tain famous residences (I annot call them homes) where a spider would die of fright and a fily would commit su- cide ‘rom the very weight of solitude. You can see your face in panels of the doors and eat your meals on the hard- wood staircase. A lace curtain that | should hang awry would blush turkey red, and a chair left out of piace would | walk solemnly back to where it be- longed on its own four shining legs. Everywhere there is b-oautif har- mony of color and arrangement. To look at, this interfor is perfect. * No wonder the wom L, plans and executes this dream ¢f beauty comes under the spell of her own creation. It is the characteristic of art to fascinate her votaries. “Art for art’s sake” is the finai maxim of her de tees. In this case It is housekeeping for housekeep- ing’s sake. No matter for the man and the childre. . no matte- for the guests; no matter for the domestic life! Let | them all e sacrificed on the altar of | Ci this Moloch, if need be, for the fires of that grinning god must be kept burning: The women who become the vic 18 of the housckeeping mania do not realize it. Maniacs never do. Now, there can be no dotbt thi‘ a beautiful house in and of itself is a thing of beauty, but the trouble is that | it is not only not a joy fo 2ver—but never! For a beautiful house is not by | inner necessity a beautiful home—any | more than a beautiful shell is necessa- rily the abode of a sea fish. Poor fel- low—he may have been dead a century. { The art of perfect housekeeping may | possibly be coincident with that of per- fect homemaking. There is no essen- | tial contradiction between th: two; but | there does seem to be a moral antag- onism. It is hard to bring both to their highest perfection und tae same roof. To do either all alone requires only an average woman consecrated to her sk. To accomplish both requires an ormal genius. And so, we say, give us the homemaker! Give us the woman who knows how to render a home the abode of comfort, to fill it with that di- vine atmosphere that invites repose; | to imbue it with a presence that awak- ens dreams of peace and love! We | may not be able to describe an ideal home, but we know one the moment we cross its threshold. No icy blast | of perfection blows through-the door. { No shrill voice inquires whether we have wiped our shoes, or brushed the dust from our coat, or bids us not to | step on the polished floor with the heels of our beots! We hear the sweet voices of children singing in the nursery, or ! the patter of their scurrying feet as| they come romping down the stairs | to meet their father returning home from work. A low spoken woman, with smiling face and cordial manner, meets us in the hall and bids us welcome. We catch sight of a broken toy on the landing of the staircase .nd perhaps of a boy's hat flung into a corner—the little rascal! He gets a playful pinch | of the ear to pay for it, an & quiet command to g and pick it up and hang | it on the hook; and when he comes | back from his accomp. shed errand he is so far from any consciousness of | having committed a . me that he| | actually puts his arm around his moth- | er's wai-t and gets a liss. We enter the living-room. Pictures | of brave men, beautiful women and! smiling landscapes adorn the walls. | | The furniture is old-fashioned, and, if | the truth must be told, it is not with- | out a few suggestive nicks. But the | chairs ‘are so comfortable. And that davenport! It looks as if the children | had actually rolled and tumbled on that expensive upholstery! And the | springs are sunken at one end as if | John and Mary had sat very close to- | gether there, and very often, after the children had gone to bed. Dinner is announced. 'We pass into the < ning-room informally. The food is simple and wholesome; the maid moves quietly about the table: = The; | conversation is all cheerful, the chil- dren having a modest little part, and John tells his best story in his .big | bass voice while Mary draws him out with her bright eyes and shows by her. | laughter that she admires him pro- foundly, and by every expression of | her countenance that her life is en- | shrined in his heart. { A4 New Lake. i s | A remarkable phenomenon is report- | ea from the Russian rural commune of | Schava, in the Government of Tzareff Koksaka. Inexplicable noises were | heard for several days issuing from the earth. The sounds varied from some- thing like the booming of cannon to the screeching of steam whistles, and seemed to come from a forest skirting the commune. In this rorest, where the terrified peasantry gathered in expecta- tion of some calamity, the earth seen to heave incessantly. Gradually huge cracks appeared, water was seen, at last the earth seemed gradually to| i-(nh water rose and there appeared a new lake of considerable extent, which 'is now being examined by geologists. 1 and fire escapes. conductors has changed all this. structed truck jerked from their seats and ‘taken to jail. who became almost more. W cheap fuel. stant pperation It is of valuable products. reservations. people of the use of a r ing is studied it will be seen e werhave, as the State least adapted to manufacturing, we | %S‘PUR TO GOVERNMENT. ‘HE reports from Chicago show an extraordinary state of affairs. The Iroquois Theater fire demon- strated that the first duty of government in a greai city, the safety of its people, had not been considered among the functions of the officials. turned the whole attention of the city to this neglect. The ofiicers were compelled to look into conditions and do their duty, though too late to save life. Not only was it found that no theater nor hall in the city had obeyed the law intended to secure safety, but.it was found that failure to do so had been purchased very cheaply by the owners of such places. When public attention was centered upon the city government it extended beyond the cause that roused it. For years the press had humdrummed about abuses and failures of government, extending from a typhoid water supply to public vice, insufficient police protection, filthy | streets, cpidemic burglary, highway robbery and mur- der. Just at that point Governor Beckham of Kentucky, in his annual message to the Legislature, replied to some Chicago criticisms of his State by declaring that even Breathitt County, the land of the mountain feudists, is a safer place to live than Chicago. zens' league for the suppression of crime was formed with ex-Comptroller Eckels at its head, and thereupon the city government put its hands in its own pockets and began to govern. It was discovered that many of the great office build- ings are deficient in construction, through the neglect or corruption of the Building Department. und out that a certain lawyer had the key to that de- partment, and persons desiring to build consulted him professionally, to see that they were not unduly an- noyed Dy the department in sdch trifling matters as sufficiency of foundation, fire-proofing, etevator shafts His fee secured the desired immunity. On the other hand, builders who needed no go-between ! with the department, for they obeyed the law, were held up, annoyed and made losers, even to the extent of offi- cial incitement of strikes among their workmen. since the collapse of the stfeet railroad strike, the street cars had been made unsafe by murderous attacks on and. gripmen, and the cars had been ob- structed by truck drivers blocking the lines malicidusly. Thousands of citizens had suffered loss and inconveni- ence as a result, missing trains and business appoint- ments, and being exposed to personal danger besides. the aroused and enraged public opinion of the Buildings imperfectly con- are being overhauled. The police are no longer allowed to loaf, to wink at | crime, or look the other way while it is- committed. street cars by official immunity drivers who maliciously block There is very little doubt that in the Eastern situation the sympathies of France are emphatically with Russia and that there exists between them some understanding by which the Czar is successfully playing for delay. The sentimentalists who are inclined to go into over this exhibition of friendship should not forget that it is dictated solely by commercialism. pathies are measured in the weight of go]t MANUFACTURING FACILITIES. tures. The awful calamity Immediately a citi- It was also The lawyer a millionaire by going between | builders and the Building Department is not going any It is reported that even an effort is being made to remove the venecer of garbage from the streets, and there is a fair prospect that Chicago may have at last the appearance of a government for come time to come. But, after all, it is pitiful that this awakening should have depended upon such an awful sacrifice of human life and upon such appalling human suffering required to remind the people that they have been elect- | ing public officers not to properly govern the city, but to use the power of their positions to prey upon the people. Other cities may make a note of what is happening there, and the people may decide for themselves whether a government of go-betweens, of graft and nepotism is to be endured until the way to reform is lighted by the burning bodies of the victims of misgovernment. as were raptures National sym- E hope that every reader’of The Call has read Mr. Sbarboro’s article on California manufac- We have 'long lingered on the just at the door of manufacturing development. priced coal has made power too costly to compete with In some lines we have found an offset to this in our clement climate, which permits more con- and thérefore a greater output, but in the main the fuel handicap has been a serious drawback. Now our ample store of fuel oil is lifting this bar to progress in manufacturing. 52 % One thing needful is a domestic iron production. Clipper Gap iron mine, which proved to be a pocket of exceedingly fine iron, was the last effort at iron production in California. soon used up all the wood available in that part of Placer County and the industry ceased. fine iron ore in great quantity in forty of our counties. associated with limestone for flux, and we need only smelting fuel to immediately add iron to our list This is a matter of so much im- portance as to justify every effort to apply oil to smelt- ing. If the flames of oil can be evenly distributed in a furnace cupola, the problem will be solved. On the Atlantic side the centers of ifon production are remote from the seacoast. tidewater is ‘severely felt by the iron industry, so that Mr. Carnegie once proposed to build his own railroad to a seaport to Avoid the burden. are vast iron ledges within eighteen miles of the coast, and not far away are oil wells. Sbarboro’s should stimulate inventive enterprise to ap- ply oil to iron ‘development. 5 Our manufactures have been greatly helped by electri- cal power. Its uze is cheap, clean and convenient. A large part of the: State is at present deprived of this facility because the hydraulic power that produces it the cheapest is included in the Federal forest and park But the Federal Government will not always adhere to the mistaken policy of depriving the rce the use of which is in no way inconsistent with the purpose for which these Teser- vations were made. There is no doubt that within a few years electricity will be in common use on the ranches of California for domestic lighting, and for power in pumping water for irrigation, and for other farm uses to which it may be applied. - When the whol: field of our c Smelting with charcoal But there is Rail transportation “to In California there Such articles as Mr. are in fact the best. This development will effect a de- sirable diversification of our industries, largely increase a thrifty population of skilled labor, increase our ex- portable surplus and decrease our imports, thus leaving with us the increment of wealth, which we now send abroad for what we will then produce at home. Several worthy gentlemen in this city discussed ear- nestly the other day the final condition of the unsaved. One fact may be accepted as established. The final con- dition'of the unsaved is as nothing compared to the ner- vous horror of the poor office-holder who worked for the losing candidate and is now trying to prove to the powers that be that he didn't. PROPOSED REMEDY FOR LYNCHING. HE January number of the North American Re- T view is the vehicle for the expression for some, convictions upon the lynching question by the well- known. Southern novelist, Thomas Nelson Page. The author reviews the grewsome record of the administra- ‘tion of lynch law for the last eighteen years, notes the growing roster of deaths by violence at the hands of mobs in the Northern States, and demonstrates the part played by race prejudice in these oft recurring exhibi- tions of lawlessness. Then he ‘arrives at his suggestion for the eradication of the hateful evil, admitting, how- ever, that his scheme is somewhat Utopian. “Until the negroes shall create among themselves,” of assaulting women and children, the crime will never be extirpated, and until this crime is stopped the crime of lynching will never be extirpated. Lynching will! whites is with the lynchers. When the negroes shall ! stop-applying all their energies to harboring and defend- | the whites, and shalPdistinguish between the law-abiding negro and the law-breaker, a long step will have been taken.” Nobody can gainsay that the lynching evil is largely due fo race hatred.and that some of the heinous crimes | for which negroes are made to suffer by the mob are | Ever the part of the blacks. assertion that black helps black even in crime be doubted. | as the shocking crimes of the Brutish class of blacks con- tinue to be perpetrated, but the Southern novelist’s pro- ! posed remedy for the extirpation of the causes whicl ! prompt one half of the lynchings in the South has little of practical worth. * | All are vis to enforce the law. The scheme of laying liable to place has hen tried and proven a failure. The sugges- tion of a drum-head court-martial for cases of emer- genty is withont the spirit of the laws. It does remain within the province of magistrates, however, to put a! check to the endless chain of procrastinating measures which are in the ready wits of sharp lawyers when fighting in the last ditch. When the mob feels reason- | ably sure that in the right channels and under the right | stay the hand of lawlessness. Reports from New York carry the startling informa- tion that Russell Sage is gradually retiring from active business. If this be true, and it seems incredible, it is the first authentic instance on record that the old man of | Wall street ever retired from anything that suggested | the prospect of a dollar gained. I the Valley”—in Oregon has been infested by a ' new religious sect called “The Holy Rollers.” Its | vicissitudes are greater than its age. Its members are moved to destroy such vanities as their ‘household fur- | AN ACTIVE PLACE. HE town of Corvallis—the name means “Heart of ished without efiect, and their followers have become a | pronounced public nuisance. 5 No matter how extravagant it may be, any new reli- gious fanaticism will get followers. mysterious.and miraculous appeal to men, in spite of all our modern education and knowledge of science. As! jemima“ Wilkinson and Mother Ann in their day found | followers in the hard-headed State of New York, so the Holy Rollers find in the Webfoot State of Oregon. It is useless to say that persecution of these people will | probably increase their influence, for such people re- | gard the enforcement of the law as persecution and make no difference between that and lawless attempts to restrain their follies. They have recently become so aggressive and so many weak-minded people have been led to injure them- | selves by destroying their property under the influence of delusion that the people of Corvallis took the law, ac-| companied by tat and feathers, into their own hands, and capturing two of the leaders in the shank of the even- ing, marched them into the woods and gave them a neat suit of tar and feathers. At midnight some of their followers applied at a drug store for turpentine and oil and other detergents; to undress them of their novel clothing. At 8 o’clock next morning one of the feathered and tarred appeared in a buggy with a voung and holy and handsome Roller and drove to a magistrate’s house, where they were duly married. Talk of an active life, what can beat that? Holy roil- ing at 6 o'clock p. m. Tarred and feathered at o. Scraped off at midnight and married next morning. We have to advise the people of Corvallis who do not Holy Roll to let the Rollers alone. Let them roll in ‘peace, for folks capable of cheerfully enduring such a variety of experiences in so short a time will make more converts the more they are interfered with. If let alone, they may roll themselves out. But they are seen to thrive if they can plead persecution. edge, High The large Nearly every civilized power has withdrawn its Em- bassador from Belgrade because King Peter has no ap- parent inclination to punish the assassins that murdered his predecessor and drew his star of kingly triumph out of regicide blood. It is more than likely that Peter prefers to lose a few useless friends than gain many more enemies of the kind that proved so deadly sure in the cowardly werk of murder. 1 : says Page, “a sound public opinion which, instead of| fastering, shall reprobate and sternly repress the crime | | Some mysterious getions. prompted in a large measure by a retaliatory spirit on | tend to the matter. bk, : > i the It is true that mob spirit will tend to assert itself as long | smells known to chemwistry. There is but one way that lynching can be ended; that | damages the community wherein a lynching has taken | procedure justice will be done it will be more ready to | niture and clothing, and to make burnt offerings of their | and gave it a squeeze between cats and dogs. The leaders have been legally admon- | StTODE teeth that caused the janitor The mystic and | ] Unsanitary. There is a German musician in this city who is just effervescing with triple extract of rage. He is seeking the gore of a coterie of promising Young artists and there is likely to be a sudden death in the circles of bohe- mia soon if he is not put under re- straint. The story is this. Down in one éf the old rookeries on the lower end of Montgomery street, which are the nesting places of the poor artist and the poorer newspaper man, there lived until recertly a young artist whose name is high in the ranks of the art lovers. His stu- dio was one of the coziest spots in that drear desert of telegraph wires and tar roofs which is the province of the penniless:searcher after fame. Con- sequently all of the other:craftsmen and a few of the favored literary as- pirants used to foregather in this cheery oasis and drive dull care away. Their entertainments usually broke up with the advent of the morning’s milk wagons. The German musician lived directly below this studio and, being of no temper for conviviality and of an age when the beauty sleep was precious, he grew more and more wrathy over the evening festivals. At last he went to the proprietor of the building and declared that the building was given over to a lot of young hoodlums who knew not the laws of right living. The proprietor felt in duty bound to convey news of the German's protest to the artist. The next day when the musie teach- er was absent from his rooms the never be done away with while the sympathy of the |2rtist and a trusty henchman tiptoed own to his door and went through They in- 1 serted a tiny glass pump into a bottle ing negroes, no matter what their crime so it be against | of liquid and then applying it to the keyhole of the German's door, they injected’a tiny stream into the room beyond. Then they went out to the City Hall and complained that the room of their neighbor was of a shockingly unsanitary character, a terrible menace to health. The heaith inspector was sent to at- The minute he Nor can the truth of Mr. Page’s | began climbing the stairs to the Ger- man’s room he was assailed by one of most fearful and wonderful The in- spector did not know that it was mer- captan and when the German re- turned he found a notice from the | Health Department pinned upon his idoor. Horse Enjoys Revenge. | by the Police Department for patrol wagen service, is a wise animal. Hour lafter hour every day he stands near I the City Hall awaiting a summons to rush to the aid of some person in nded of medical attention or to bring ‘o the | prison some malefactor. His waits are not tedious ones, for his idle time is spent in munching cubes of sugar his driver and other attaches of the prison and hospital always have for him. Some time ago he took particular | delight in showing his dislike for a | City Hall janitor who, whenever he passed the horse, hit him a resounding slap on the back. Tom tried time and time again to kick his tcrmentor, but + his harness prevented him. Then the janitor commenced making peace over- tures. He brought the horse sugar and occasionally a carrot, but the animal refused to take them from the stick on which the janitor held them out to him. Then he tried other tempting morsels, but still Tom was cbdurate and refused to make up. Then he ap- parently relented, and one mornifg greeted the janitor with a whinny of pleasure. Emboldened, the janitor of- fered the horse a lump of sugar on his hand. Tom accepted the lump of su- gar. He also took the ianitor’s hand his to yell with pain. Then Tom whinnied again, this time with a great display of pleasure. 2 Year's Song. A song for the New Year! hours— The dust of defeat hath not sullied its Exultant its owers, But Fancy hath dipped them in reseal dew, And brought them—all blooming in beauty—to you! A song for the New Year! strong; Achievement—through - service—refresh- ment through song! No mountain too mighty for Faith to re- move; No labor too lowly, transfigured by Love! A clarion A song for the New Year! of Joy, May never a discord its music alloy! But, growing in sweetness and melody A message clear, May it ever inspirit and strengthen and cheer. —The Reader. Royal Books. Columbia University has on exhibi- tion at the present time a large and valuable collection of books illustrat- ing the history of bookbinding from the period cf the earliest efforts to make the trade a fine art. The books were collected by Samuel P. Avery, Who ha¥ presented a number of them to the university. . The collection contains some of best work of the great masters 6f the art. But, -aside from this, it is inter- esting as containing 2 number of vol- umes from the private libraries of French, English and Spanish Kings and from the collections of the noble fami- Hes of those countries. One of the most interesting is from the librarv of Louis XVI of France. It is a work on the theater, printed in Paris in the year 1775, and contains the signature of the ill-starred mon- arch, together with manuscript notes in his own handwriting. The the Tom, one of the team of horses used | - 0% * —— B3 the arms of Charles IV in gold and silver. The library of Charles II of England contributes a manuseript entitled “The Statutes and Ordinances of the Most Noble Order of St. George Named the Garter, Reformed, Explained, Decla)‘ecj‘ and Renewed by Prince Henry VIIL The volume dates from about 1571 It was bound by Samuel Merne for Charles 11, and bears as a cipher the interlaced “CC.” On the first page are | the arms of the Duke of Hamilton, in | gold and water colors, and the official MS. order for the issuance of the war- rant for John Werden to be a Baronet is laid in. The Homicidal Hatpm. Death lurks in the hatpin. The (Eng- lish) Medical Press thus comments up- on its murderous propensitfes and the means by which a modern state may protect itself against them: “Feminine fancy has ordained that the skewer-like hatpin Is an essemtial | element of cephalic attire, and must be retained. It is an instrument with potential energy for endless dama;m Numerous accidents, some of which have proved fatal, have resulted from a persistence in the prac fixing by ihis convenient but dangerous article. A return to attachment by elastic may not arouse esthetic en- thusiasm, but certainly it is time the wit of womankind was turned to the inventing of some means by.which the offending hatpin was robbed of its homicidal tendencies or the refractory hat might be retained by safety pins or othér guileless means. Unless woman will look to this matter mere man will have to intervene, if only in his own interests and as a means of self-protec- tion. Possibly the plan of licensing might be followed th advantage. {Just as a man may not carry & re- volver without a license, so a woman may not carry that hardiy less deadly weapon, a hatpin, without a yearly license purchased from the state.” Precious Legacy, The Archbishop of Valencia, who died a few days ago, left a legacy of 50,000 pesos to the first Spanish gen- eral who will land on the territory of the United States with 2n army strong enough to avenge the defeats of Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. Until that is done the money will be ‘in charge of the Bank of Spain. So a cable dispatch reports. The Archbishop was evidently a believer in the possi- bility of modern miracles, but was not desirous of the benefits of the New Testament doctrine of blessings for |peacemaken. The Bank of Spain will have at least one permanent deposit among its treasures. Answers to Queries. IRISH TITLES—R. H., City. Ireland has more than ¢ne city, notably Dublin, Cork, Belfast and Limerick. A MILLION—OIld Subscriber, City. A miliion dollars gold coin of the United States weighs 3686.4 pounds avoirdu- pois, and a million in silver dollars 59,931 pounds. AN OLD ALMANAC—F. Alameda. Cal. The value of an old almanac, printed in the early part of 1800, is reg- ulated by the value t. t any ofle would place upon it if anxious to possess it. Such books have no market value. NUTRITION—Subscriber, Oakland, Cal. Of all food partaken by human beings the cucumber and the melon contain the least nutrition; the former 2 per cent and the latter.3. Butter con- tains 93 per cent of nutrition, beef 26 and potatoes 22%. THOSE OLD COINS—An Old Sub- scriber, City. This department does not answer questions as to the value of coins unless a self-addressed and stamped envelope accompanies the question, in order that the answer may be sent by mail. STOUTNESS—A Reader, City. If you are “living in a hotel and have nothing to do but to eat and sleep and you are afraid « getting too stout,” you would better consult some first class physician, who will advise you as to diet, exercise and tell you what treat- ment to follow in order to prevent get- ting too stout. IRELAND'S MOUNTAINS—Subseri- ber, City. The principal ranges of mountains in Ireland are the Mourne Mountains in Down, which attain their ‘highest elevation, Slivie Donard, 2798 feet ‘above the sea; the mountains of Wicklow, 3039 feet, and Macgillicuddy Reeks in Kerry, which in th: peak of Carran Taul, the loftiest peint in Ire- l1and, reach 3414 feet. ALMONDS—Subscriber, City. The almond does well in various parts of tree does well on land