The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 31, 1903, Page 8

| { | | — For Married Folk. GOSS, D.D. of David Cor- RIC Author on pyright, 1903, by Joseph B. Bowles I have performed hundreds of mar- age ceremonies, but have only asked one bride 1o promise obedience o her husband 1 did this because she in- sisted upon it and I have never asked her whether she was glad. Probably not one Am an woman in 10,000 has any ention of obeying her hus- band se contemplated in the service, and so what is the use of asking her to promise what she 4 not mean to perform? It al- ways seems to me like sham. The real problem of matrimony is ot obedience, but deference. There subordination, submission, of periority in both and marriage that is of the mporta case stands this way n and woman have lls and good judg- : very great improb- man has the highest ent in these qualities; or, per- = woman. important question couple early and its little € is the superiority gnition. The needs to be t mind. The thrive best of *“rub. do- mentic under an a ment ot who has the egot omes ¢ the In the the one s e who has the nd the married life ng struggle on the part member of the firm to her personality. Our How we dread to have » or even subordinated. terrible thing to re- Another; io have one's | %0 completely ab- husband or wife a nobody! happens in the seen women world but blustering, have seen wagged like capable and is alwaye a contemptible individuality in being sucked down ksar It would have been on’s weakest wife to - personality ake personality swallowed i generaily a one’s have thus sury instinctive fear of this | ier that often lies at the *long matrimonial unhap- n ora woman makes the discovery of his or her eriority and it is humiliating beyond words. It is something to be covered up; to denied; to be resented. In thes blind struggle against the inevit- If-assertion is the last resort this inferior mind lacks in great- ness it must make and aggressiveness. year up for by obstinacy Day after day and after year it struggles for su- premacy develop by this fatal method, ajways 1 its egotism at the expense nt: always sacrificing its s to avert its threatened uality ry subtle but very com- mon and very terrible evil in married 1 W people have the meta- ph acumen io tand their | own motives or the op m of their minds. It is a blind, instinctive and desperate struggle for existence—the existence of the persons The fear of being me y absorbed is like the of being bodily devoured. And Te is a genuine basis for the appre- nsion it is a characteristic of all superior minds, or most of them, to swallow up inferior ones. Power de- scends into tyranny as rivers descend into t sea is a deep and ter- rible ’ in dominating minds that are beneath us. It is this delight that turns men into brutes and women into vipers, But if it i real danger (and a dan- ger to be avoided) that the very per- sonality of the weaker partner in the | greatest business combination of all time should be swallowed up and ex- tinguished, it is a still greater one that it €hould become a self-assertive and gavage egotist. And the simpie truth, of the matter is that home after home | bas been wrecked because some vain and stupid man or woman was not will- ing to acknowledge the superiority of a nobler mind. Stop for 2 moment and | think of the homes you have seen ship- wrecked on this rock. Stop and Inqutre | whether it may not be the peril of your own But why should it be 8o terrible to acknowledge that vour husband is no- bier and Jarger than yourself? Be thankful if it is so. Try to climb up on his broad shouiders and see the world through his eyes. What an op- portunity, so much greater than your own! If you are modest and simpie and true to vourself, he will not crush you; he will elevate you. He will not bully you; he will enlighten you. Bend your proud little neck to the yoke of his judgment. Be less assertive and agg-essive. Sit at his feet and learn. If it become necessary—obey. Sometimes his mind has so much wider sweep than yours that it will be far better for you to be like a child than a wife. And there are women whose judg- r!menu exceed their husband's { admit i1, la man prefer smashing his home to | yielding to the swift, | you ruled | govern- | to be in such close contact | with an intelligence jand a character | e in, the same way. It is harder-for a man to of course. But why should clear intuitions | of a wife whom God has enriched with that noblest of gll human endowments insight? 1t is tough, no doubt, te acknowledge that this little fair haired woman whom you made such boasts of cherishing and protecting and de- fending should reveal a capacity that throws all your moderate talents into | the shade. But how great a blessing | her gifts might be to you. Be humble in their presence. Give them your rev- erence. Do not be a speak and a pup- | py. Do not dangle after her like some | august divinity. But thank heaven that have those clear eyes to see‘ through, and if you have been wreck- | ing vour business prospects and mi managing your family affairs sit quiet- | ly at the feet of this little clear eyed | woman and learn the deeper truths | | which she sees by some divination that | you know not of. | Tubes in the Body. BEY W. R. C. LATSON, M. D (Editor Health Culture Magazine, New York.) Copyright, 1908, by Joseph B. Bowles. Among, the most remarkable and beautiful structures of the body are the blood tubes—the system of “piping” by | means of which the blood is conveyed | from the heart to the tissues, through the tissues themselves and then back to | the heart. Of the heart itself, that won- derful double pump, to the action of | which the flow of the bleod is mainly due, and of the blood, the center and | intermediary of all life processes, we bave written in previous articles. The tubes conveying the blood from the heart are called arteries. And the structure. of these tubes is- peculiarly adapted to the work they have to do. In discussing the heart’s action it was stated that the heart contracted about seventy times each minute. At each of these contractions it throws into the | arteries which go to the tissues about 160 cubic centimeters, or neardly six ounces of blood. Now if the artery| were a hard, unyielding tube, like a | lead gas pipe or a clay water main, it | would require great force to keep the blood moving. through the three or four feet of tubing which lie between the heart and the more distant tissues. But the artery is far from being rigid. Its walls are very strong and very elastic, much more so than ordinary rubber tubing. So when the quick contraction of the left ventricle throws a tumbler- ful of blood into the arteries they ex- pand to take it in, and then by their | own elasticity they contract again.| The blood once in the artery cannot get back into the heart because of the | closing of the aortic valve, which! guards the opening of the large artery | leading from the heart to the tissues. So as the artery contracts again to its | natural caliber the blood thrown into it from the heart is passed on in a klnd‘ of wave. This elastic expansion and re- | coil of the arteries is a most powerful | assistance to the heart in propélling | the blood through the body. And it is| in this alternate enlargement and con- | traction of all the arteries, once for each closing up of the heart, that | causes what is called the pulse. The | | pulse may be felt at the wrist, the temple, in the groin, under the arm or ! at any other point where an artery | | passes sufficiently near the surface to | | be felt by the finger. . i | In the disease known as old age! (capillary-arterio fibrosis) there is a | change in the nature of the material composing the walls of the arieries and capillaries, which causes thent to lose their power of elestic response to the! heart impulse. This condition is event- | uaily fatal in every case, thus showing | the importance of the arterial expan- | sion and recoil. { Not only, however, must the artery | be elastic; it must be strong—strong | enough to withstand a pressure which at one point is equal to a cojumn of | | mercury eight inches high. And the! structure of the artery is such as to| | insure the highest possible Gegree of | | those two qualities, strength and elas- | ticity. The arterial walls are com- | posed of several coats or layers. In-| side these is a thin layer of epithelial | cells (called here endothelial). These | are of irregular shape, and are joined together at the edges by a kind of ! | cement. Outside of this lies the prin- | cipal coat of the artery itself, com-| posed of several layers, the most im- portant of which is made up of tiny musele cells, which pass round the cali- ber of the artery and impart te it that combination of elasticity ana strength which is so important to its functions. | Each of these tiny snakelike muscle | cells is a minute muscle. ™n some of | | the arteries these muscles have a spe- | | cial set of nerves, which reguiate the | | caliber of the blood tube, causing it at | one time to contract, causing pallor and coldness of that part of the body, and under other circumstances to expand, thus containing more blood and result- | ing in added heat to tne part, with | flushing. From the ‘heart the blood passes into | one large artery called the aorta. The aorta gives off a number of smaller | branches, and these give off still small- | er branches, which again subdivide, and so on, until the smallest arteries, called arteriols, are reached. . ;s The blood stream returns from the tissues to the heart through blocd tubes which differ widely from the arteries justidescribed. The arterial blood flow- ing from the heart is under strong pressure, and is gent forth in powerful | and rapid jets. To withstand this pres- sure the arteries must be strong and elastic. But the blood going back to the heart is undgr but little pressure, and the flow is steady. Therefore the blood tubes leading to the hecart (the veins) meed not be, and are not, as strong nor as elastic as the arteries. Like the artery, the vein is a tube con- sisting of a number of layers, which, | however, we may roughly divide into inner and outer, the inner composed of endothelial .and the outer of muscle cells. The walls of the veins are much thinner than those of the arteries, and there is mo pulsation or throbbing m] the venous flow. 3 | | | | | communication. ; from Roosevelt, and Hay? THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprielor . . . . . . . . . . Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager Publication O™ce. . @mmuxmws.r ....DECEMBER 31, 1903 Pt S o POLICY AND HONESTY. THURSDAY ..... \ HE Colusa Sun, which is easily the leading Demo- T cratic paper of the State, says: “There is some talk of the Democrats making the confirmation of the Panama canal treaty an issue of the next campaign. If they want a winning issue we would advise against it.” The.Sun then proceeds to denounce the treaty and the transaction’as so dishonest that “if it were relegated to private transactions it would land the perpetrator in prison.” Then why not make an issue of it and prove to the people that it is a transaction of such criminal character? Surely the Sun is mistaken as to the nature of the mat- ter, or has no confidence at all in the honesty and honor of the people, or in the capacity of the Democrluc party to make such an issue plain to the uuderstandmg But, is it such a transaction? Panama has repeatedly been independent and has been subjugated by force by New Granada and Colombia. The great Bolivar wanted the canal. He wanted his own people to build it. He prayed for peace among those whom he had freed from Spain, in ordér that their armies might be set to digging the waterway. But they would not be peaceable. They would not rise to the height of his patriotic aspirations, and he died broken-hearted and left civil confusion, dis- { honor and dishonesty among those whom he had hoped | to establish in civil stability and commercial progress. The people of Panama appreciated his policy and pur- pose, and though often whipped have never lost the de- sire to regain their independence that they might pro- ject the greaf ideas of the Liberator. But they were held down and prevented, though they have always repre- sented the policy of Bolivar and the best Central Ameri- can type. The Bogota government has insisted upon dictating isthmian policy. It has blocked every feasible proposition for a canal, constructed either by private American enterprise or by this nation. At last, under circumstances of supreme provocation, and after frank warning of their purpose, the isthmians have again declared their independence, and agamn Bogota has asserted sovereignty and ownership of the isthmus, with the power to continually block the canal. The United States has only taken advantage of a situ- atioh that was created at Bogota and not at Washington. It has joined the other nations in recognition of the in- dependence of a sovereignty that wants the canal, and has the power to grant all concessions, privileges. and powers required for its construction. If there be in the history of the transaction a taint of dishonesty, it is upon Bogota and not upon Washington. It is not becoming in an American to denounce his own government as so dishonest in international mat- ters that it violates either the law or the ethics govern- ing the conduct of individuals. The whole case was stated by Lewis Cass, when Secretary of State under Buchanan. As the Sun is Democratic, we ask it to con- sider this statement of Cass: “The progress of events has rendered the interoceanic routes across the narrow portion of Central Amériea vastly important to the com- mercial world, and especially to the United States, whose possessions extend along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and demand the speediest and easiest modes of While the rights of sovereignty of the states occupying this region should be always respected, we shall expect that their rights be ekercised in a spirit befitting the occasion and the wants and circumstances that have arisen. Sovereignty has its duties as well as its rights, and none of these local governments, even if administered with more regard to the just demands of other nations than they have been, would be permitted in a spirit of Eastern isolation to close the gates of in- tercourse on the great highways of the world, and justify the act by the pretension that these avenues of trade and travel belong to them and that they choose to shut them, or, what is almost equivalent, to incumber them with such unjust relations as would prevent their general use.” Now will the Sun or any other Democratic paper pre- tend that Cass and Buchanan would have done differently When Cass said that isth- mian sovercignty would “not be permitted” to do just what Colombia did, will some one tell us how she would not be permitted? Such permission could be forbidden { only by the use of force, and in the situation created at Bogota the only way to make good the policy of Cass would have been direct and immediate war upon Colom- bia, without waiting for Panama to assert her former in- dependence s a sovereign nation, We can reach no other conclusion if the declaration of Cass, approved by Buchanan, were a sincere statement of national policy and not mere vaporing. The Sun should remember that the Democratic party indorsed the Ostend manifesto, and according to the doctrine of that official declaration, applied to the isthmian situation, what would that party have done under the circumstances of the refusal of Bogota to ratify the treaty and permit the canal?> There is no room for doubt thag a Democratic President would have considered himself fortunate to be able to stop short of the theory of that manifesto, undcr which he would have seized and annexed the isthmus. We ask calm consider- ation of this great issue, every step in which taken by President Roosevelt has been in conformity to interna- tional right and law and honor. Very little public interest appears to have been ex- cited in the vigorous and persistent prosecution of the men accused of the dynamite outrages which have made railroad traffic in Montana a hazard with death. | Yet no other cause is more degerving of an expres- sion of intense public feeling. If the accused are inno- cent they should be released. If they are guilty their punishment as motiveless and malignant enemies of society should be quick and terrible. B Press of Winnipeg, The Call has received a hand- somely mounted tail of a Mani ~ba gopher, accom- panied by 2 pamphlet explaining the mystic merits of the gift as a bringer of good luck to whomsoever wears it. The mystery had its origin in the depths of the untu- tored minds of the “Wandering Crees,” a tribe that once roamed over the vast plains of the Canadian Northwest. According to the legends of that people, a generation of prairie dogs, once upon a time, fell into evil courses, and the Great Spi by way of punishment, changed the | guilty ones into gophers and doomed them and their de- scendants forever after to act as sentinels and Mds for the villages of the good D«m flolfl- g By reason of that decree r stands watch to this day and gives to all under his duue fair mmn‘ of any npproncfiq‘ danger. 'opher, it is said, becomes TALE OF A GOPHER TAIL. Y the Christmas courtesy of the Manitoba Free by the Sun,” than it was during his life, but the whole potency is vested in the tail. Hence the good luck of him who wears it. H there be any truth in this tale of the “Wandering Crees,” gives a luck bringing gopher tail to a far off strahger, and as a consequence there should be an abundance awaiting the genial editor of the Manitoba Fre‘e Press, who, it appears, has distributed 833 gopher tails this Christmas. Such being the case, it is not worth while to wish him any more luck than is coming to him, but it is nothing more than right for The Call to say he can never get more than he deserves. A torpedo-boat ran amuck in the East River a few | days ago, and after inflicting material damage upon it-| self and upon an unoffending ferry-boat was sent to drydock for repairs. It is all well enough for us clothe our fighting sailor men with the attribute being rough and ready, but it might also be well to| consider that a little less roughness will be warrant of more readiness when we need the boats for something else than show. l can and English sympathy for Japan. This may be a.’ very serious matter for St. Petersburg, as it is always | serious to get angry, but the United States and Great’ Britain will not immediately apologize or withdraw thelr sympathy. There is something greatly attractive in the aspect and attitude of Japan. Since her emergence from national seclusiop she has joined Western progress, art and science to the Oriental character and has shown what can be done by all Eastern Asia, if the autonomy and independence of China and Korea be respected. Looked at philosophically, Japan is the natural leader of the Mongol races. If they were all in her condition of advancement and had her parliamentary institutions and popular participation in government, the advantage to the whole ‘world would be inestimable. She has taught the West that progress, liberal political institu- tions, and the extension of art and science are the sure cure for the vellow peril, about ‘which Europe has been | often alarmed. There is something glorious in the intelligence and firmness and high statesmanship she has shown in all | this negotiation with Russia, and there is somethmgl morally great in her uniform good faith, honor and mod- | to of | e e ST. PETERSBURG ANGRY. T is announced that St. Petersburg is angry at Ameri- eration. She does not hesitate to risk war with a nation that has four times her population and resources, but with none of her sense of right and justice. She is en- titled to and will have the sympathy of the world if she take up arms for the just cause she represents. It may not be that the Government of the United States can assist her as a government, but the people of the United States will not hesitate to give her all the aid in their power. Our principles forbid entangling alliances, offen- | siveand defensive, being made by our Government. But | our people are in sentimental alliance and have the spirit of assistance with all nations that show the fine spirit of Japan and for such a cause. What a contrast between her and her enemy! Russia pillaging, persecuting and slaughtering Jews, from re- ligious intolerance; forbidding those who expatriate themselves to visit their birthplaces even under the passport of other countries, of which they have becnmc’ nationals; by decree closing her zone of influence, ac-i quired by craft in China,.to Jews and forbidding to them | there the exercise and benefit of their commercial en- terprise, and in all ways pursuing a narrow, selfish and uncivilized policy; while Japan opens all her territory to the free and safe intercourse of all nations; estab- lishes her own steamship lihes; gives equal protection to | all religions; educates all of her people and participates in promoting the progress of art and science. If the intelligence of the civilized world have to | choose between Japan and Russia, without exception Japan will be fellowshiped and supported. If war come and brute force override Japan, then indeed will the light of Asia have gone out, and the knout and the Cos- | sack will extend over the East the policy that lashes students for aspiring to freedom and murders people on | saints’ days as a religious pastime. | Colonel Evans, high in the councils of the United States secret service, lost twelve hundred dollars at roulette a few days ago at El Paso and now he has been suspended by the department in which he was so tinguished an officer. The colonel has at least'the satis- faction of knowing that while it is his business to locate bad money, his friends are able to recognize good coin \ MacVEAGH AT THE HAGUE. when they see it. OME time ago the New York Sun published a| S dispatch from Washington to the effect that the de- parture of Wayne MacVeagh from the Hague, where he had gone to act as counsel for Venezuela before the | arbitration tribunal, was caused by dissatisfaction with | his conduct of the case, and that had he not returned he would have been recailed. ~The report went on to say that among other offenses MacVeagh had written a letter to the executive council of the tribunal saying in effect that if the arbitrators were lawyers instead of | diplomatists they would know their business better. It was added that the remlrk was regarded as insulting by the tribunal. “Shortiy afterward the Sun corrected the original re- port, saying it had been misled into doing an injustice to one whom it described as “a gentleman and juriscon- sult of high character and distinguished reputation, not the least of whose many services to the country has been his recent professional performance at the Hague.” Mr. MacVeagh has not been fully satisfied with what there should also be good luck to whomsoever ! | figure on the pole had tossed one end of | his ear and the other clenched in a fist { which he held to his mouth, |allow the office employes to buy a fat | the best of it while it lasted. | fired,” continued the youthful philoso- | he had been endeavoring to instill into A Message to Y ohanna. Policeman Flvnn thought that he must have been a-dreaming. Over there in the shadow of the gathering dusk he spied the angular figure of a man climbing, monkey-like, up a telegraph pole. A coil of wire was dangling from the arm of the climber. Before Police- man Flynn could interfere the shadowy his wire over a strand of electric light wire and descended with the two loose ends of the waving string of copper in his mouth. ‘“Hel-lo, Yohanna,” came in a shrill | voice from across the street. The blue- coat peered around the pole, and there he saw the lanky figure of the man| standing with one end of the wire to trumpet- like. “Hel-lo, Yohanna; T want vit you to do some talkings. Hel-lo, vere is it dat you is now—oh vy not you do some speakings vit me—vit Fritz, your man? Hel-lo, dere, Los Angeles—der dogs bidt dose telenhone voomens, dey give me not mine vife down in Los Angeles to hear some.” Policeman Flvnn thought that he had better interfere at this juncture, and he | gathered the lanky German into the hurry-up barouche. The Commissioners sent fhe poor fellow up to Napa, where he is still trying to telephone to Yo- hanna. Yohanna's death had unhinged the mind of the German, but maybe the messages which he tried daily to send to her reached their far-off des- tination. Budding Genius. In a certain big downtown wholesale house it has been a holiday custom to | turkey at the firm’s expense. On the staff was a broth of a Mission boy, say | sixteen years old and up-to-date. A few davs before Christmas the youth received word that on and after Janu- ary 1, 1904, his services would no longer be required. Yesterday the bill for master office boy's turkey reached the house. Tt was $5 90. Here is the dialogue that followed: “Say, Tommy, don’'t you think that's pretty stiff for turkey?” Inquired !he[ cashier. “Naw, I don't,”” replied Tommy. *“I had to go all over town to find one that was big enough. You see, I'll be out of a job soon and 1 thought I'd better take If youse hadn't told me I was going to be pher, “youse might have got off cheap- er. But I couldn'& afford to pass up this last chance.” Tommy sauntered off whistfng and the cashier caught his breath. The Secret Out. Satisfied that his children would be convinced that Santa Claus was a real and not a mythical character, a well- known insurance agent dressed in the garb that children usually associate with their ideas of Kris Kringle and walked into the nursery’at his home Christmas eve. He flattered himself that his make-up was perfect and that his little ones would receive him with the spirit that for months past, in an- ticipation of a joyous Christmas day, their minds. And the children were convinced. all but one, the youngest, a sturdy little boy of eight. When the others, at sight of the long, white beard, the wig of | white hair and red fur-trimmed coat, shook with fear and expectancy and tremblingly held out their little hands for the presents that Santa Claus in a gruff voice announced he had for them, this little chap rose up and bravely marched toward his disguised father. “1 want to whisper, Santy,” he said in a voice in which there was not a sign of fear. Santa Claus lowered his bushy head and felt two soft little arms go around his neck. A sweet little face was pressed against his hairy one and from the lips of the ydungster came these words: “I won't tell on you, papa, but I peeked in mamma’s room when you ! was dressin’.” Coal Out of Peat. A firm in Kent, England, has devised an electrical process for converting or- dinary veat into firm, smokeless steam coal at a moderate cost. The peat is cut and excavated by machinery, load- ed into dumping cars, which convey it to .the plant, where it is packed into rotary iron cylinders. The cylinders being rotated at high velocity, the cen- trifugal pressure, aided by an interior beating device, exvels nearly all of the 80 ver cent of water in the material. Electrodes connected with a dynamo are then inserted in the cylinders in such a manner that the mass of dried peat completes the electrodes. The. re- sistance offered by the peat, like the filament of an incandescent lamp, gen- erates heat which carbonizes the ma- terial, producing a mass of disinte- grated black globules. From the cylin- ders the carbonized material passes to machines which knead it into a putty- like mass, which is then pressed into briquettes or left to dry and harden in masses, which are broken into lumps, screened, and graded like ordinary coal. p Natives of Lake Chad. he himself calls the “full and honorable retraction given and asserts that retraction “follows false- hoods but lamely and never quite catches up with them, for, they. are fleet of foot and wonderfully elusive.” For the sake of further refutation, therefore, he has pub- lished the complete text of his argument before the High Court of Arbitration as a convincing proof that he did not exceed his rights as counsel and was not in any way insulting to the tribunal. . * The argnment is so able and lucid that it forms a notably valuable contribution to the literature of interna- _tiohal law. and if its publication be due solely to a de- sire to refute the original erroneous report, then the grroufterlllhnbem of m@xoodme. As The Call . '?‘" e i direcuns aseion 5 the re| 3 in al to N:- rfl:?&e\bqi i A French army omenr who - recently made an exploration of the Lake Chad region in Central Africa has sent to his Government curious reports of the isl- and dwellers in the lake. who were At no point is it more than about thirty | feet deep, and it is a perfect maze of K- OF THE Tow?/ {bne which is lighter even than cork, and the natives sometimes use it for canoes and also as a float in crossing the lanes of water which separate the isi- andg Usually the canoes used by the natives are made of reeds, but not in- frequently a native transfers his family and flocks from one island to another by simply swimming across. The cat- tle become accustomed to this mode of changing pasturage. Colonel Deste= nave estimates that the number of in- habited islands is about eighty, sup- porting a pgpulation of about 50,000 people. There are some 70,000 or 80,000 head of cattle on the islands, as well as a number of horses. This Is lesmq The San Francisco Call devotes & page of its Monday's edition to writing up the resources of the interior of the State. Yesterday it published articles from the pens of C. M. Wooster, and N. P. Chipman, president of the Call- fornia State Board of Trade. Both are interesting and will undoubtedly direct attention to California’s almost unlimited resources. The Call is on the proper course. All of the great journals of the State should devote a little more of their space to building up the interior, and they will not be neglectful of their own interests in doing so, for as the interior progresses so will their own homes advance and increase in material wealth.—Madera Tribune. . 1 Hardly l air. f In this !’nlllh(Pnr—d age of tional amity it seems strange to what the World's Work has to v about Colombian army metheds. “It it a common thing for a Colombian boy of 12 or 14 to be thrashed to death with cowhide whins for ‘deserting’ from the army—that is to say, running back home after he had been foreibly en- listed,” says that magazine. “It is generally common for a mere child to be hung up by the thumbs until he dies, because he will not—or cannot— say where his father is hidden. Women have been crucified because they have refused to betray their husbands, and others have beenm treated infinitely worse.” Déess this not seem to be like the re- port spread among negroes by the péo- ple of the South during the Civil War that Yankees had hoofs and horns like the devil? interna- ad Answers to Queries. GLADIOLUS—Amateur, City. The blooming bulb known as gladiolus is easy of cultivation. The bulbs should be planted in light, rich and mellow soil, to a depth of six inches when the ground has become warm. The best ef- fects are produced in groups or masses. REVENUE—D. R., Stockton, Cal. The United States internal revenue in 1902 on spirits amounted to $121,138,- 012 and on fermented liquors $71,988,- 902, an aggregate of $203,126,915. The preceding year the aggregate from these two sources of revenue was $191,727,888. SPANISH NAMES—T. A. P, San Marcos, Cal. Many of the Californian names are preceded by “San” and “Santa,” which is the masculine and the feminine for saint, or sainted. An- dreas is Andrew; Antonio, Antone or Anthony: Bernardino, Bernard; Be- nito, Benedictine friar or num; Cle- mente, Clement; Diego, James; Fran- ¢isco, Francis: Felipe, Philip; Gre- gorio, Gregory: Joaquin, Joachim: Ja- einto, Hyacinth: Jose, Joseph; Juan, John; Luis Obispo, Louis the Bishop: Lucas, Luke; Luis Rey, Louis the King; Leandro, Leander: Mateo, Ma- thew; Marcos, Mark: Pasqual, Pas- qual; Pedro, Peter; Pablo, Paul; Ra- fael, Raphael; Ana, Anna; Barbara, Barbara; Catalina, Catherine; Cruz. Cross; Clara, Clara; Fe, Belief, Inez, Agnes; Maria, Mary; Paula, Pauline: Rosa, Rose; Rita, word used by shep- herds in speaking of one of their flock: Huéneme, .house by the sea. MISTLETOE—H. J. P., City. The inistletoe is a native of Britain and the greater part of Europe, forming 2 bugh about four feet long and growing en many kinds of trees, particularly on the apple and others potanically alli»d to it, as the pear, service and ha thorn, also on sycamores, limes, pop- lars, locust trecs and flis, but vy rarely on oaks—contrary to the general belief. This order of plant is exogen- ous and contains more than 100 known species, meostly tropical and parasites, The mistletoe was intimately connected with many superstitions of the ancient Germans and British Druids. Amens the Celts the mistletoe which grew on the oak was in peculiar esteem . for magical and medicinal virtues. - It was at one time in high reput a remedy for epilepsy and convulsions. The ber- ries are a favorite food for thrushes and it was for a long time supposed that the plant was propagated by seeds deposited from the birds, but the propagation is really by the wiping off of the seeds from the bird's beak, which it rubs against the bark. ‘Townsend's California -1-« fruits an”