The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 16, 1903, Page 8

FRANCISCO CALL, I . — g Y Hierogivphics of Music. BY ANICE TERHUNE. [Song riter, Formerly Director of Music in the Solioge John the Baptist, New York.] WCopylight, 1903, by Joseph B. Bowles.) Before turning our attention to the best of learning to read music, 1 > our pupil in regard ind already covered. The part of the lesson given to learn- ing to read music should be in addi- tion to and not at the expense of the -+ rest of the lesson. Plan every moment of the actice hour—so many minutes for scales, so many for reading, so many for technical exercises, and so on. This will keep the child from practic- ng all ¢ hing at the expense of the thers, and will make his work more interesting and less monotonous, on ac- f frequent changes of occu- jon. For instance, in the case of a three-quarters of an hour practice pe- riod, five minutes expended on tech- rical exercises, fifteen on scales and twenty-five on reading, for the first pe- riod second (later on in the day) ten minutes for the technical ex- twenty for the scales and fif- ding. If the child is abie to other half hour (bringing ¥'s work up to two hours), t period may be divided equally, for each kind of work. tice hour be as much an d immovable thing as his r, his school hour, or his he r ses An excelient plan is, I think, to ap- point a little time before breakfast (even if it is only fifteen minutes) for always insisting, however, child shall eat a cracker or piece of bread, in this case, before be- ginning work) breakfast, half or three-quarters of 1n hour after breakfast instead, before the child departs for school. Then a practice period at noon, if he comes bome from school at that time, and whatever there is left to be accom- plished, some time during the late aft- ernoon This, for the average child, is a good division of labor. or a uelicate or highly nervous child, nowever, an hour’s practice altogether aurnng the day is quite enough. . The best aid to beginners in musical reading is, I think, the “Practical Method,” opus 249, by Kohler,;a well- known and highly respected authority on studies for beginners. I select this particular instruction book, because it is written very simply, and in a man- ner calculated to make music study es- pecially interesting to young children. -+ - The exercises are all melodiouz, and are interspersed with little “pieces,” al- most from the beginning of the book, which will make it possible for the pupil to please and entertain his listen- ers, in a simple and unassuming way, from the very start. The first thing he must learn in or- der to know how to mead js the “staff.” Take a piece of paper and with a pencil draw five lines on it. Now add the sign of the upper clef (called violin clef) and explain to him that the sign means that the piece, or study, as the case may be, is designed to be played on the upper half of the planuc—that is, | above “middle C,” and is ordinarily given to the right hand. Until the pupll becomes accustomed to the upper clef and is thoroughly familiar with it do not attempt to teach him the lower, | or bass clef. All his first exercises and pieces are intended to be played in the upper clef, with both hands. Now draw middle C, according to the accompanying illustration, and explain to the pupil that the note thus drawn, 1 or in case of an early | i . can find the counterpart of the thing he has drawn. It will be there, with- { out doubt, on the very first page, and | as soon as he has recognized it he has | read his first note. | Now it is time for him to understand the real significance of the lines and | the spaces between them. Teil him that notes are to be written on both the lines and the spaces, and: that in going up or down the scale, when we pass above or below all the lines little lines are added to continue the staff, and to make this clear show | him the little line that “middle C" {18 on. It is the first line below the | regular staff. | These little lines are called | lines.” Now, beginning with “middie C" and counting upward, the next note above C would fall on a “space”—the space between the first “ledger line” and the lower line of the staff. The next note ! will, of course, be D, consequently the next note, E, will be on the lowest line of the staff, F will be on the first space, G on the second line, A on the second space, and so on. When the third space is reached (in music one always counts | up from the bottom) the pupil will find that he has risen eight notes, or rather, | seven, in the scale, ana 1s at C, the| octave above “middle C.” It is necessary that he should become perfectly familiar with the notes on the lines and spaces before going on with | his reading; therefore let him commit them to memory at once. The “‘spaces” | will not trouble him if you expiain to | him that they spell a word when taken | all together—F, A, C, E—face! This| will help him to remember thc spaces. | The lines are E, G, B, D, F, and are a | little harder to memorize, but if he re- peats them over and over, writes them | again and again, and then writes out the whole staff with the appropriate letters on- the lines and spaces (like the | illustration) he will soon implant them collectively and individually in his| mind. “ledger Now let him turn to his music book once more and try to pick out the dif- ferent notes of the staff, from the musi in some of the earlier pieces or exer- | cises. For instance, tell him to find all the C's on a certain page for you. Then all the F's, then some (i’s, and so on, skipping around among the notes; and going backward and forward. point to notes and ask him to tell you what they are, and, as he gains confidence, try to confuse him until he becomes so | familiar ®ith the notes that he can| name them as rapidly as you call for | them. - Now explain to him that the single vertical line, intersecting the staff at intervals, divides it into ‘“measures.” Tell him that a single large note, with- | out any attachment, and hollow, like an O, is what is called a “whole note”; because it is to be held through the | whole measure,’ and no other notes are played in that measure. For instance, if we are counting “cne, two, three, four,” and three is only one note, a whole note in the measure, we must strike it when we say it down until we have Show him plenty of whole notes, so that he may fix them in his mind, and | | then show him a half note, explaining | that it is only to be held half as long | thone said and hold “four.” as a whole note, and that therefore | there are two half notes in a measure where one counts four beats—that is, | two counts to a note. Show him the | distinguishing mark of the half notes— | the vertical line, called the stem, at the side of the note—and then when he has become able to pick out the half notes | on a page show him a quarter note. Tell him that the difference in looks between a hailf note and the quarter | note is that the quarter note'is black. being filled up inside, while the half note is hollow. Both have the stem, as do all notes but the whole note. Now tell him that there are four quarter notes in a measure where one counts four beats—one to each count. Make him draw a staff long enough | to hold several measures, then let him fill these measures with different | groups of half notes, quarter notes and | whole notes, always being sure that he | | understands perfectly the properties of | | each and allows the proper number of | counts to each measure. If he puts one | half note into a measure he must fily! | the measure cut with two quarter notes | or another half note, and so on, 8wl e At this point it will be well for him ,to learn that the number of beats to | be counted in a measure are to be found | by reading the sign at the extreme left 5 | of the staff—and that the sign for four | counts is either 4-4 (called -four-four [time), or C (called common time). These two signs mean the same thing | exactly, “common time” being simply an older form of “four-four time.” “Three-four” time is indicated by the fraction %, and means that only three counts are to be given to each meas- ure. ! 'When all this has been made perfect- {1y plain to the child he will easily be able to read the simple little pieces 1 and exerciges on the first few pages of his exercise bock. 3 | Take the first one and let him study it, measure by measure, then two or three measures at a time, being care- ful that he does not neglect the posi- tion of his fingers, wrists or arms in the excitement of playing “real mu- sic." Watch his relaxing, too, lest his mus- cles tighten, for now is a critical mo- | ment, and the pupil must learn to ap- ply his technique at once, if we are to keep his tcuch sweet and clear. 4 Make him relax after each continued effort, and do not foiget to apply the “circle motion” at frequent intervals. - | day. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1903, THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL| w e « .+ .. .Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor . - Publication Office ......oovvevens ENGLISH DECADENCE. - WEDNESDAY.. E have noticed the proposed Parliamentary in- W quiry into the cause of indus'(rigl and ph'ysical decadence in England. A writer, expert in so- ciology, has long observed the effcct. and findf th.e cause in the permanent labor class, in whujh orgamut{on has developed the idea that men must abide with their class and not pass on and up. g Of every hundred men in London over 65 years of age ninetcen are paupers, and of every hundred women twenty-two are paupers. It is estimated that the liquor bill of the English laborers is $550,000,000 a Year, and that an English workingman spends four times as muc'h money for liquor as the American. Th_c fires of zmh_l- hed in drink, and the children follow in tion are quenc L Such conditions must the class footsteps of their sires. work out in industrial decay. The economic ideas of the English labor leaders seem to be defective. It is economic law that more produc- tion means more wealth and cheaper prices. Casting out all other feamires, the wage of labor is measured 'hy its productive power; wages rise and prices fallias in- dividual production increases. Some people find it diffi- cult to reconcile higher wages with lower prices. In the cloth mills of New England seventy years ago five work- men made eight yards of cloth a day, and their wage was 20 cents a day, or $1 for the five, making the labor | cost of the cloth 12% cents a yard. The annual product of the five workmen was 2400 yards of cloth. Now, by the use of machinery, and power, and processes, five workmen in the New England cloth mills produce in a year 140,000 yards of cloth, but the labor cost has: fallen to one cent and eight-tenths per yard. The policy of organization in England seems to be to limit productive capacity. The labor unions of Great Britain seem to address®themselves to this abridgment of production. Thirty years ago an English bricklayer laid twelve hundred bricks a day; now he is permitted to lay only four hundred, and on public work only three hundred and thirty. This system extends to all produc- tive labor, and of course results in raising the labor cost of buildings, which reacts upon labor in the rent, and in the increase of every manufactured product, which the laborer in turn has to pay to the extent of his necessary use of such products. In other words, by limiting pro- duction he lowered the purchasing power of his own wages. Here, then, is the secret of the success of the American manufacturer in competing with Great Brit- ain. The American pays wages largely in excess of the Englishman, but his excess of production makes its labor cost less, and raises the purchasing power of American wages, so that the American workingman gets not only actually higher wages, but relatively higher to the price of products. There is much in this for the American workingman to study when he is incited to support the limitation of production. He must beware of the faults that have caused British decadence. FEconomically, greater pro- duction greater wealth, less labor cost, lower prices, and therefore a larger command of his wages over what the laborer produces, and out of this issue the means | better conditions of life in this country and the oppor- tunity of the individual laborer to achieve independence. The influence of the English idea has already been felt in this country. There are influential advocates of the theory that labor is benefited by limiting production. These advocates are not satisfied with the reasonable limitations that are effected by a shorter day, but insist upon the right to decrease the product of the shorter Such propositions have the singular demerit of working grave injury to the workmen in whose interests they are supposed to be adyvanced. 1f worked into prac- tice they mean higher rents, higher clothing, food and fire, and finally an industrial decay, which by injury to the country’s commerce injures also its labor. Such propositions appeal to the large foreign immi- gration, which is so rapidly filling our industrial vacan- cies, to the exclusion of native labor, and this makes | it all the more necessary that proper economic views be inculcated here. This country can stand temporary com- mercial reverses and financial panics. They pass away. But it cannot stand the slow-moving and permanently destructive influence of the theory and practice of lim- ited production as a proper economic theory. The sooner a counter movement is felt the better it will be —— The State Board of Trade has started a campaign for in which each county is asked simply to display what is best in it and to co-operate in a plan in which it will be and so stupid to the possibilities of co-operative gain de- serves to lose if it refuse such an offer of organized JOURNALISTIC MORALISTS. ! S no one will dispute the theory that godd eitizen- that the inculcagion of high ideals for the direc- tion of conduct is a public duty as regard: the rising gen- in interior counties in California are “devoting much space to good advice to those who will ‘soon be at the evident ffom the north to the south and from the ecast to the western boundary of California. are getting npportul_!ities to be taught agriculture and horticulture at the expense of the State it is of not less in the affairs of the household. It is desirable that all girls should be educated. but household affairs should be ‘The Chico Record takes high sflloo] boys to task who create unnecessary disturbances in hetels while they are their institutions of learning. Under such cireumstances the youth are naturally hilarious, but the Record would also a part of !Ele education of the good citizen, “There are some boys,” says the Record, “who when they are for American labor and American commerce. the advertisement of the natural resources of California the gainer. Any county so blind to its own prosperity assistance. X ship is essential to the welfare of the State and eration, it is of interest to see that newspapers publishgd head of affairs in this commonwealth. This trend is The Arcata Union discerns the fact that while boys importance that the girls “should have special training a part of that education.” < $ touring with competing football elevens representative of have them respect the rights of others, which is surely out of sight of the people they know think it is smart to take on a few glasses of liquor, not that they want it, but because they simply want to sport. Frequently representative of a high school becomes intoxi ” The Record warns such boys to consider “thy m : of their school.” ¥ S The San Bernardino Times Index tells boys and girls | editorially of the good that comes of respecting parents. ing his fingers quickly each time, as in ' Thi le of a man made - of . i ; "““""“"“"“_“""”'?’m’;’ic&:m-wo i Ceaticd by thatht B <confidan ‘-Qf-hi ol . ol g i g cnreien = of wisdom and disinterestedness is M writes: “The death of his parents wrung the heart of boy. He scattered flowers on their graves and lived as they had lived.” Up in the mining county of Nevada a stout voice is raised in behalf of the welfare of the youth of California. The Nevada City Transcript warns the adults to beware of tainting the minds of children. will learp bad things from other children, but not nearly so quickly as from some one who is grown up. Dark thoughts become black thoughts when they are grown to maturity and black thoughts make black lives.” . . The newspapers of the interior would seem to be doing up rightly. This is a good service to the State and to the communities by which the papers are supported. - e epi— A Chicago professor, unloosing a few syllogisms from his plenteous store, reasons that red light is extremely harmful to morais, and if we change this prominent, | luring signal of the tenderloin we will revolutionize and purify its moral tone. The professor needs a new dose of logic. He is wrong in both premises and conclusion. He has forgotten the physical axiom that in the tender- THE TRUST IN COURT. e loin all policemen are color blind. T is quite interesting that while his opponents are ! l daily despairing of the republic, because they say | the President is doing nothing to enforce. the anti- trust laws, he is moving steadily upon the works of the trusts, in the only way possible, which is through the courts. The court below dissolved Mr. J. J. Hill's rail- | road trust in the merger of the Burlington and Northern [ Pacifrc and ‘Great Northern, and Mr. Hill has appealed | to the Supreme Court. Attorney General Knox ap-! pears in-person for the Government, impeaching the . merger as a monopoly, in restraint of trade, placing the threg competing roads in one control, destroying all mo- | tives for competition either in rates or facilities. | The Attorney General in his brief says: “The final resuit was that one and the same set of men, Hill and ' Morgan and “their associates, acting through corporate organization, became invested with as:solute power of cogrol over two parallel and competing systems of rail- way. It borders on absurdity to say that two railway corpagrations which under normal conditions are nat- | urally competitors for traffic will continue to compete after both become subject to the same control. A more effective way of suppressing competition it would be dif- ficult to conceive.” } The -President’s earnest pursuit of the railroad trust means more than.the mere affirming of the ‘court below by the Supreme Court. When that is done he will have established a principle that affects favorably to the peo- ple the entire transportation system of the country. Al- ready the good effect of the decision of the District Court is felt, and that in.a way that makes it certain that lawyers know that the President is right, and that he will get the decision in the Supreme Court. So we find Mr, Harriman prospecting for a line into the Puget Sound country, to compete with Hill's roads for.that traffic, and the Western Pacific is building into this ter- witory to compete with Harriman and the Santa Fe, Sane policy in railroading is dictated by the fact that a country's production and tonnage increase with facili- ties for transportation. In that sense a new road creates its own business, and latent resources are developed, which would otherwise remain unproductiv The President, by destroying Mr. Hill's railroad trust, is stimulating the further development of the country by making competition possible. He is also stim- | ulating railway construction, and is touching with’ life those two great sources bf national wealth, production | and exchange. His friends can afford to be amused at the tom-tomming of his enemies, serene in the belief that only a few of the people can be fooled all of the time. —_— i A woman of this city, variously accomplished and sin- | gularly versatile in her efforts to murder speciméhs of the opposite sex, has failed to prove her insanity and will | be sent to prison for perforating an unfortunate ac- | quaintance of hers. This is wise. There are some habits | of the fair sex which even our courts cannot in conscience A BOOM FOR LOS ANGELES. ; afford to encourage. t OS ANGELES has been so uniformly successful in | L doing her own booming, and has' among her citi- | zens so many men who are adepts and enthusiasts | in the art, that her people are doubtless indifferent to | assistance in that line from the outside, and consequently ' may not fully apprecidte the boom that has been given to | them as something in the way of a Christmas gift hy( the establishment there of another dzily journal of first- | class rank. Nevertheless, the appearance of the Los | Angeles Examiner is a .matter of considerable moment to the southern metropolis and will have a potent in- | fluence in increasing its prestige throughout the Union. ! Whatever differences of opinion may exist as to lhci political adventures of Mr, Hearst and his various views on how to solve the problems of sociology, there can be | but one estimate of his ability to publish a newspapcrl‘ that pleases cértain elements of the people, and to that extent supplies a public need. By his new venture he fur- ! nishes Los Angeles with a type of journalism it has iever | had before, one whose appearance will nndoubieqby spur; Ahe existing journalg of the city to new efforts and new | enterprises. The city will be the gainer, therefore, in a double measure. It'is to be hoped the rivalry will never go beyond the true/limits of journalistic competition, nor f need it ever do so, for the field is big enough for all. | I:os Angeles is to-be congratulated \ . E X » S ————— Z1 Genera] MacArthur has been added to the long, in-! pears. xltogethc_i*.'clear that too much of tongue practice : —m WJ!! a purpose possibly of lending variety to peniten- tiary| life the convicts of Oregon’s State prison poisoned 'several of the guards a few days ago. From an artistic iew .g_hu scheme of the jailbirds must be con- ! - It possesses two distinct disadvantages to the an fimf by our Folsom incorrigibles. It is not cular and none of the convicts got away. 7 < S —— > A gentieman, misnamed Lively, killed himself with embalming fluid. the other day in St. Louis. Why is it gmg ‘fzmme will play such tricks with a fellow’s name 2 *his e . since he could not be quick; to make it | woman to her feet. e ious list of American officers who have pemitted! their mouths to get the better of their discretion. It ap- i - Shinagen s Pag el sl | worla osition? It seems that the unfortunate sui- | ~months, Her Home. Wearied almost unto death, she sat beside a freshly made mound in the National Cemetery at the Presidio and “To be sure children | With palsied and shrunken hands wiped the tears from her age-bedim- med eyes. The tattered black gown she wore was illy fitted to withstand the November winds that, fog laden and ley in their chilliness, blew in from the Pacific. Hour aftér hour 2 | she sat, moving only when an extra their duty as they see it to have the boys and girls grow ! | little shawl | cold blast disturbed her thin, worn and exposed her shrunken shoulders. Then with fingers blue with cold she would search for the wind tossed ends of the garment, wrap. the slight covering about her and resume her lonely vigil. Even the arrival of the officer of the day, attracted to the cemetery by the unusual sight of a strange figure long after hours, did not disturb her. It was only when, as he dismounted and his spurssjingied and his sword clanked that she raised her head and gazed at him with tearful eyes. “Madam,” said the officer, late and you must be going.” “Going, going,” came with a gasp from the blue, quivering lips. “Where?” “Home,” he said.not unkindly, and he spoke he helped the little “it is as “‘Home,” she repeated with a sgb. “My home is here. It is my boy's.” Commercial Bees. “Of the many orders for queer things received by New York exporters trom | various quarters of the globe, perhaps none is more interesting than an occa- sional request for queen bees,” says the New York Evening Post. “Such orders come principally from the West Indies, and inasmuch as the commission mer- chant is generally called upon to han- dle the honey and wax produced there | by the progeny of these insects, he finds a safe business investment in shipping the bees, even though they form no source of profit in themselves. “There are many grades of queen bees and the breeder must thoroughly un- derstand the highly organized insects if he expects to produce vigorous, healthy stock that can be depended on to gather honey in large quantities. ‘To this end he selects for mothers none but honey queens (usually imported)— queens whose progeny have excelled all others in the apiary. order, the buyer is requested to specify whether he desires a ‘red clover’ or a ‘honey’ queen. The first mentioned stock is bred for red clover, while the last named will show up well during an ordinary homey flow from clover, basswood and other flowers. The prices vary according to the grades. An un- tested queen costs $1, a tested queen $2 and those called select tested $3. Breed- ing queens and select breeding queens bring $5 and $7 50, respectively, and an ‘extra select’ one year old is worth $10. Imported Itallan queens, furnished by | the best breeders of that country, are the ones usually sent to the West In-| dies, and they are thoroughly tested | in the Western apiaries before ship- ment. They cost from $3 to $5 each, | but common Italian queens, bred in | this country from pure imported stock, can be bought at lower figures.” Fatherly Stickleback. A keen nature observer on the staff of the Boston Transcript has given out some interesting aquarium netes. Here is one which shows that behind the dull fish eye there lies a warm paternal fire: * “The little stickleback, which is one of the most pugnacious fishes although one of the smallest at the Aquarium, shows a degree of intelligence that is remarkable. Like the bass, the male fish builds the nest, cares for the aggs while incubating and afterward guards the young. Ome pair of these fishes reared a family a short while since in one of the smaller tanks at the Aqua- rium. The male fish built the nest by collecting small bits of dead weed and tiny fragments of debris, which he ar- ranged iz a circle. When the recep- tacle for the eggs was completed it bore a remarkable resemblance to the nests of some birds, and was apparently as well constructed. The eggs were de- posited in due time, and the father stickleback settled down to a tireless vigil until the little sticklebacks should cast off the yolk-sac and swim forth In placing his | & — condition of every one shall be entered on the pupil’s report. The schoolrooms jreceive the same preventive attention. be of cloth that may be frequently washed; no dry sweeping is allowed, and dust must be removed by wet cloths; all school furniture must be often scoursd; books are regularly dis- infected, and no book that has been used by a consumptive child may be used by another person. Terrible Smallpox. An item of the cost of smallpox Is suggested by the annual report of Dr. Lee of the Pennsylvania State Board of Health. The value of human lives, the cost of death and of iliness have often been estimated, and the results are convincing arguments that the public should, for purely politic and financial reasons, do all in its power to ‘eradicate disease and prevefit un- necessary death. In the last year there were, according to Dr. Lee, 6504 cases of smallpox in the State, with 503 deaths. A somewhat careful calcula- leads tion, based upon these reports, | to the conclusion that in the counties reporting, about 1,500,000 school days were lost during the period reported |on. This does not include the great cities of the State, which would swell the figures enormously. In Philadei- | phia, for instance, seven elementary ¥ schools, with an enroliment of more than 5000 pupils, were closed in a sin~ gle day because of smallpox in the | tamilies of pupils. In round numbers | we may therefore place the number of Jost school days in the State, from mallpox, at not less than 2,000,000 — American Medicine. J. C. Burnett, postmaster at Gfla, ;\Dem County, Missouri, is consumed | with an ambition to represent Brother | Jonathan at the World's Fair. In a letter to the exposition management he puts forth his qualifications in these words: “I am 70 years old, strong and hearty, as active as a cat, six.feet tall and weigh about 160 pounds. My face and habit strikingly resemble that of the Unele Sam. seen in pictures. 1 would like the regalia or suit sent on so that I can have pictures taken and distrib- uted over the counmtry. I want to send a few to Farmington, Flat River and other places.” A Wasted Ceremony. The Agen correspondent of the Petit Journal of Paris reports that in the funeral incident happened. The de- ceased was a retired master carpenter, aged 88, and as he had been much re- spected his fellow villagers all attend- ed. On returning from the cemetery to the house the bereaved and weeping mourners were thunderstruck to find that they had forgotten to put the corpse in the coffin. The body still rested in the death chamber and the solemn ceremony and pathetic eulo- gies of the deceased had been per- formed over an empty coffin. Answers to Queries. A VOLUME—X. Y. Z, Sebastopol, Cal. As a rule, a volume of a maga- zine is made up of six numbers; semi and weekly papers generally contain a year's issue in a volume and daily p: pers from three to six months’ issue, according to the size of the publication. WOMAN'S RIGHT—L. S. Redding, Cal. ' A single woman who has entered public lands under the United States independent into the watery world. The little fishes grew rapidly. and it lacked a day or so before they would be en- | tirely free from the cumbersome sacs. The male in passing over the nest where the young were swirled the wa- ter with his tail, with the result that two of the tiny fishes were swept sev- eral inches from the nest. Seeing what he had dore, the father set about to repair the damage. He swam to the nearest c{fspring and, seizing it care- fully in his mouth, swam with it back to the nest. Then he returned the other one in the same way and, as if satis- fled with this achievement, settled down beside the nest contented.” Restricted Generosity. An Eastern paper says that under the old age pension law of New Zealand, land laws does not forfeit her home- tead entry by marriage if thereafter she continues to comply with the law as to residence, improvements and cul- tivation. HAROsW. T. F., City. “To cry out ‘haro’ to any one” is an old English term, used to denounce the misdeeds of an individual. “Ha rou” was thefdy ancient Norman hue and cry and was the exclamation by those who wanted assistance when their person or prop- erty was in danger. The cry was sim- ilar to the cry of “police” of the pres- ent day. WILLIAM TELL—C. H. P., City. Ac- cording to Swiss legend. there was such a man as William Tell, who shet in apple from the head of his son. a person to draw a pension must be 65 years of age, and must have resided in New Zealand for the previous twen- ty-five vears; must not have been im- prisoned fcr a period of four months | offense punishable by imprisonment for one year, and must have led a sober and too little of gun practice has constituted an im- and respectable life for the previous five portant part of the education of our men of war. b4 ears. His yearly income must not ex- ceed 3260, or his net capital $1350, and he must not have deprived himself of property or income tc qualify for a pen- sion. The full amount of the pension is $90 a year, payable monthly. Now we wonder if the New Zealand treasury will stand the Strain of such munificence. Wise Sanitary Lazvs. ‘The Minister of Public Instruction France has taken the lead of all the in measures for the prevention of in the schools. A new mfi!hmfimhh - This was generally accepted as histor- ical fact, but research proves that it ‘was only a legend, common among the Aryan races. found with all its prin- cipal features in the works of the Per- |sian poet, Farid Udden Allar; in the Icelandic Thidreksaga: in the works of the Danish historian, Saxo Grammati- cus, and others, and only modified to meet circumstances. It has been proved further, especially by Rochholz. that Gessler, too, 18 the product of some imaginaticn, and that a bailiff of that» name did not exist at the time Tell is said to have lived. Professor Kopp of Lucerne, in 1872, proved the story to be mythical. The time when Tell was said to have shot the apple from the head of his son was in 1307. 1t is time to express Townsend's Glace Fruits East for Christmas now. - it ey Townsend's California glage fruits ¢ a_ pound. in "artistic fire- . candies hed A _nice present for g e s S R TR pndhuntuhend- S-S SRy Special information supplied daily to o o L - Carpets ars prohibited; curtains must little village of Lafox an extraordinary o4 4