The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 15, 1903, Page 8

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TWESDAY, DECEMBER 15 1003, sified no ot be ¢ slar heading, yet they it to has them proved its right to a place in_the for most ranks of g tactics, Yet nor of o-d. taught in most boxing s« The list is the “straight St i on guard and I will straight left fe blow wit ng his left >— — el g STRAIGHT COUNTER. e -i-‘ glove upward. At the same time lead a straight left-hander for the face. Keep th \ces rigid and the heels on the gre in the straight counter. By knocking upward your partner’s eft glove you leave his face defended | or by his right If he is quick enough he can guard your left-hand counter for his face by throwing his right rm upward and outward. If he e position is this: Your right is his left guard and his right is ingide your left guard. There- fore whichever of you is the quicker may send in with the h ponent's guarc ciples of in-fig ready explained. In such a case the advantage usual- Iy rests with the man who attempted the straight more especially or hook to the jaw is inside the op- ng, which I have al- counter, if he has had the foresight to plan to | use the short-arm blow with the right in case the left be blocked When a man ter vour left with your right and then either try the aforesaid bit of in-fighting with your right or else step back out of reach to straight coun- lead, The uppercut, which I have men- tioned several occasions, is pe- cullarly hard blow to give effectively, and a far harder blow to receive with eguanimity. 1 have purposely post- poned explaining the uppercut until the present time. Firet because be- ginne: « should not try it and second because T wanted you to learn before- .hand the various situations in which an uppercut should be used. The uppercut is, as its name im- plies, a cut upward. It is a vertical swing. In other words, instead of de- scribing part of a circie from left to right or from right to Jeft, it takes a semi-circular course, directly upward, starting at about the waist line of the man who delivers it and traveling to the jaw, throat or face of its recipient. The uppercut should always be de- livered with a cur\'e:\arm. The angle 3 on UPPERCUT. — s of the curve depends wholly on the distance between yourself and the man for whom you are leading. Some- times, when your opponent is at very close quarters, the arm is bent as much as in delivering an ordinary “jolt,” and the arc of the circle that is traveled is, of course, more re- stricted. In that case the power be- hind the biow comes mainly from the INSTRUCTIVE. M | | throat s sarries I am going o | ccording to the prin- | counter lead” should | first block his left | ‘| tination of g | it is nevessary to rise on the right toe | to lend the desired force and momen- | tum. | When the other man is at a distance to move the heels floor, and the arm is almost s extended as in delivering a regular swing. In wuppercutting remember that more of the blow’s force depends on the co-operation of the body than in 1lmost any other maneuver in boxing. he whatever angle it is and unyielding. is not necess; from tk £ rm, mu: too, at be rigid but St will ha land on wind, heart ke in sueh a way that the re full effect wherever it | blow | 1anas. P e he uppercut is most effective when lands just on or under the point of the jaw. A compasatively light up- | percut landing in that locality will do | more to shake up its vietim than would a far heavier knock anywhere | | 5¢ | it | | else. If you doubt this, rap yourself | gently on the point of the chin or | just beneath that peint with your clenched knuckles. You will notice a decidedly unpleasant jarring sen- sation all through your head and face. | The point of the jaw is a doubly vul- | nerable point. A blow struck there not only jars every nerve in the | head and directly affects the brain, | but an uppercut landing on or under | the point of the jaw throws the head | backward at risk of temporari | “throwing out” or dislocating the ver- | tebrae. More knockout blows have been landed on the point of the jaw than on all the rest of the body put togeth- This statement ‘can be verified a glance at the records of ring ba | tles. As the jaw is so vulnerable, it |is well to remember to guard lit at all stages of the bout. Never, in boxing, thrust the forward. Always keep the teeth nched shut while you have the gloves on. s Breathe through the nose | and never unclench your teeth under any pretext. If you do, a light blow on the jaw is liable to shatter a front | tooth or two. ; On the same principle, do not turn yvour full face on your opponent when vou can avoid doing so. Keep the face at an oblique angle to him; the | ¢hin drawn in and protected as far as | possible by the left shoulder. This may pot be easy to remember just at | first, but it is less unpleasant than a series of blows landing flush on your | unguarded jaw. ~ * | . er. When a man tries to clinch with vou, his arms being off guard and spread out, you have an excellent | chance to uppercut him. Gauge the distance and the speed of the blow in such a way as to catch him on what- ever part of his face or body you aim for, before the rest of his body comes | s0 close to you as to block the blow. | Again, when a man leads for you th right or left, guard with which- ever hand is opposite the arm with which he leads; and, instead of coun- tering with a straight lead, uppercut him with the other hand. Be careful, however, that his free hand is not in a position to block your blow and to counter on your, face. Or, when a man rushes you and vou sidestep, you can uppercut him before | he recovers his balamce. These are but a few of meny cases where the uppercut can be employved. Your own judgment will be your best guide as 1o its use. Other blows and parries will be con- sidered in next Friday's issue. Oil, -the Great Pawer. BY G. FREDERICK WRIGHT, A. M., LL. D. [Author of *““The Ice Age in North America,” an and the Glaclal Period,” ete.] | (Copyright, 1903, by Joseph B. Bowles.) The commercial discovery of petro- leum dates from the memory of men | pow Jittle past middle life. Between | 1850 and 1260 much alarm began to be felt throughout the civilized world be- cause the whale fisheries were becom- ing unproductive. The disappearance of whales meant the disappearance of whale oil, which was the main depznd- ence for light, For some time, however, rock oil, or petroleum, had been known to exude in small quantities in Western Pennsyl- vania, and was put up in small bottles land sold for 25 cents as an ointment good for rhcumatism and other ills, | Sometimes this was called Mexican oil, but more generally Seneca oil, from the name of the Indian tribe settied on the Allegheny River, where it was chiefly found. But there had been no thought of getting it in sufficient quan- tities for fuel and light. Still in some places it formed such a “scum” on the small streams that it was reported the small boys who went in swimming were made so slippery that they could not keep their clothes on. The most plausible theory to account for the great supplies of oil which are now found in the “ofl sands” of West- ern Pennsylvania and vicinity is that it is a slow accumulation from the dis- the shales, which has been unable to escape through the com- pact rocks covering the surface and has found refuge in the interstices and crevices of the loose sandstone overly- ing the shale, More recently important discoveries of oil have been made in Colorado, Wyoming, California and Texas. That in California is speéially important, as the State had no coal mines. Almost immediately on the discovery of this oil in California it came into use in the locomotives of the.great railroad lines. The Texas fields were so far from economical means of transporta- tion that much has been lost, while the supply is not as great as was at first hoped. X The oil fields of Russia at Baku, on the Caspian Sea, however, bear the palm both for abundance and con- stancy of production. From the earl’ fest times gas has been known to come out of the rocks there, so that it early became a sacred place for the Parsees, or fire wirshipers.. For thcusands of years the sacred fires were kept burn- ing beneath the dome of a great tem- ple built by the priests, and religious devotees came from as far away as India. Irdeed, it is only a-few years since their visits ceased. an uppercut will not reach the or | THE SAN FRA NCISCO CAL e —————— AR RN R JON D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor . . - - - - - - - Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager 0 eiiieireesnsess..Third and Mavkes Ntveets, 8, F. DECEMBER 13, LIFE IN THE OPEN. TUESDAY . N the exposition of California climate made by Presi- l dent Chipman of the State Board of Trade appear facts which we have constantly insisted should be kept foremost in the interest of the State. To our cli- mate there has been one serious drawback, which lies in the lure of it to the sufferers by consumption, the “white terror” of the world. Now, however, ample experiment has shown that the best locality for consumptives is on the desert, where outdoor life and the sun cure promise means of relief and cure. | The deserts in Southern California are being increas- ingly utilized for this purpose and the balmy climate of | the rest of the State is becomirig less the source of dan- | ger. President Chipman exploits the health and blessing | of that life in the open, which is one of the charms of ex- istence in California. It is a prime means of avoiding pulmonary and other diseases of the respiratory system | and of gaining a ruggedness and -vigor of conmstitution, which fortify it against all of the ills of the flesh. But bodily health is not the only advantage gained by | living in California. Nor are all the benefits exhibited in the demonstration of the relation of climate to our | vast and varied production, which is on a scale unknown | to any other similar area in the world. The satisfactions | of life inherent in our climate run also to the esthetic. | It is possible here to adorn the landscape and garnish | cities with a flora that exists nowhere else on the conti- nent in such variety and beauty. California should take advantage of this, for it is the outward and visible sign of a peculiarly clement and hospitable climate. This very question is up now in our neighboring cities of Oakland and Berkeley in the matter of lining their streets agd highways with trees. During the discussion of this subject two parties have appeared, one alive to our climatic advantages and the other under the spell of | sentiment and memory. What may be called “the cli- matic party” desires to improve the advantages of our | semi-tropical and equable climate by lining the streets with palms, which cast but little shade, do not litter the street and walk by shedding leaves as do the deciduous trees, and which, being tap root trees, do not invade the sewers nor tear up the sidewalks. Besides these distinct advantages thie palms, being associated in the mind with the tropics, give a permanent tropichl aspect to a city, which is very alluring to the people of the East. Probably no city in the State presents a more beautiful aspect than Sacramento, not because any attention has been given to systematic tree planting on the streets, but because the lot holders everywhere use the different vari- ties of palms, and nearly every home has also planted around it orange and lemon trees, which are either snowy with fragrant bloom or.beautiful with loads of the yel- Jow fruit. Orange trees with the ripe fruit, sharing a lawn with date and fan palms, join to present the most enchanting picture to the Eastern eye, and Sacramento should be one of the show places of the State"and will be so when more attention is paid to streets and the making of public parks with ample driveways and bridle paths lined with tropical flora. Oakland has the same oppor- tunity and should improve it. The fan and canary palms grow there in great form and give an air of luxury and beauty that is imparted by no other trees. The other party across the bay seems to represent memory and sentiment and contends for deciduous and lateral rooted trees. Its favorite seems to be the elm. Now the elm is a thirsty tree. It goes far with its roots in search of water, and when it finds moisture the roots, exulting in the supply, send up suckers to make new trees, creating an unsightly thicket. Other deciduous trees have the same bad habits, but even if they were not | drouthy as Tam O’Shanter deciduous trees should be | sparingly used in our cities. Eastern people come here in the winter months. They leave a landscape that is brown and forbidding and on which the trees have shed | their leaves and stand naked in the wintry blast. If they come to a California city and find the streets lined with the same lifeless looking trees, bare of foliage and as un- interesting as clothespins, we lose in them the proper im- pression that could be made by writing our climate upon our very streets in the glad language of the palm. Visitors to Southern California cities see no more sumptuous sight than the streets and long avenues lined with palms. If the sky be chill no matter, the palms speak of sunshine, of eternal summer, of life in the open. 1f a lot owner in Oakland wish a customer for his realty let him plant it with palms. That is the test. He would not set it in maple, sycamore, elms or even the evergreen acacia, which is hardly an interesting tree and is thirsty as a toper. Every five dollars spent in palms will add fifty dollars to the value of the property. This being so the community value of the streets is capable of being enhanced by the same means. Oakland is just now quickened with ambition. She wants the great gifts of the future. Let her stretch forth her palms in supplica- tion for the good time coming. | | | In answer to persistent reports that he is dangerously ill, the Duke of Manchester replies that he is simply taking the rest cure. So would we if he could so arrange his various affairs as to make them less a matter of public gossio than they are. U have been hanging over Manchuria and in the babel of diplomatic wrangles over the “open door,” the duplicity of Russian" diplomacy in the Far Eastern question and the Japme\ie resolve as to the fu- ture of Korea, a British adventurer has accomplished an act which adds a new thread to the diplomatic tangle. Colonel Younghusband of the British army has led-an armed force across the.limalayas into Thibet upon an “exploring expedition.” The ultimate results of his “ex- plorations” have yet to be learned. ! ; The purpose of Colonel Younghusband's advance into the Forbidden Country is manifest. What Lord Clive did in India is now to be repeated by this adventurous army officer. court of the Grand Lama may be easily enforced by armed exploring parties. According to the well-ordered English procedure this can be followed by a protectorate and then by absolute dominion. Evidently Great Britain would have the Himalayas and more as a barrier against the predatory raids of Adam Zad. The mountain passes would look no longer directly into the face of the Rus- sian bear once the foreboding wastes of Thibet were brought under the suzerainty of Great Britain. With Thibet as the frontier, India, the jealously be as safe as Newfoundland or Tasmani: - Thibet cannot be considered a strategic position BRITAIN -AND THIBET. NDER cover of the lowering war clouds which nominally a ‘pu'g of “is not safe in the keeping of a political theocracy. “establishment of any religion and provides that no relig- A “sphere of influence” in the barbaric. guarded, would bleak plateau behind the shoulder of the Himalayas is as independent of the Chinese Emperor as Korea or Anam. It is separuted from the heart of the empire by a thousand untrodden miles. The seizyre of it by England could not be considered therefore the first step in the mooted partition of China. The diplomatic importance of Great Britain's move in the direction of Thibet lies in its significance as a coun- ter check upon the Russian policy in Manchuria and, a | possible effective diversion calculated to turn the Musco- vitic eyes away from the prey in the north. The delicate game of chess which Russia and Britain have been playing with Persia, Afghanistan and the khanates of Southern Turkestan as the board is given a | new aspect by this sudden move of the British castle. Were Russia to gain ascendency over Thibet instead of her antagonist she would have China in a vise, the two jaws of which would be Thibet and Manchuria. . More- over she would then stretch.her length along the entire northeastern boundary of the coveted Indian empire. That Russia does not take this little side play by Eng- land in all kindness is indicated by the tone of the Novoe Vremya of St. Petersburg, which threatens that if the Thibetans are too weak to stem the tide of the English over the Himalayas “it is quite possible for others to do so by creating a slight diversion in some direction disagreeable to the British politicians.” The | safety of India is of course here hinted at as the tender spot in the British flank. With her hands pretty well filied by the Manchurian bundle it is not very probable that Russia will undertake retaliation for the present, | however injured her feelings may be. It looks as if | Britain had her on the hip for the nonce. A negro, convicted of a heinous offense, has been sen- tenced to serve an imprisonment of one thousand years in-Texas. To an ordinary observer it seems that if not the length of the sentence surely its locality brings it | within the prohibitive category of unnatural punishments. | It is terrifying to contemplate the residence of anybody, | dead or alive, for one thousand years in Texas. | Tiorm of religion is secretiveness. All adherents to a religious idea which attracts numbers assume some sort of moral obligation, take o some vows, sub- | scribe to some creed. When this is done publicly and the nature of the obligation is known of all men the state is not disturbed. But when the obligation is secret, when it is assumed behind a veil and in a place that none | unobligated are permitted to enter, it becomes the means of enchaining the mind and enslaving the reason. Secret religious ceremonies are promotive of supersli-i tion and imply a control of men that projects beyond the essential purposes of religion to dictate civil action and | civic duty. The state claims its citizens for its purposes | alone. It refuses to recognize or reject any form of the refigious idea, be it Christian or pagan. Under these circumstances if a civil state exist in which one form of religion is in the majority, and that form entrenches ecclesiastical power behind secret ceremonies, and by secret obligations that make those who take them sub- ject themselves to ecclesiastical dictation of their civil actions as members of_the political state, a union of | church and state is created and the state is ~irtually de- 1 throned and displaced by a theocracy. Human liberty | AN APOSTOLIC MISTAKE. HE great misfortune to man in the operation of any | | Apostle Woodruff of the Mormon church in discussing‘i the Smoot case in the tabernacle at Salt Lake last Sun- ‘L day said: “American citizenship came from God, and | let man beware of how he attempts to undo what God | has done. It is remarkable that any person be so nar-| row, so bigoted, that because another person does not believe the same as he does he would deny him the right | of his American citizenship.” There are none so bigoted | as that. There are none who propose to take away citi- zenship or make its rights depend upon religious belief. | Nor is American citizenship of celestial origin or sanc- | tion, for it that were so the nations that live under other forms of government are victims of the Divine neglect. Citizenship is neither a privilege nor a pleasure. It is a| responsibility, and he who holds American citizenship is | responsible for its use for the purposes of the state alone and not for the purposes of any church. | The oaths and obligations of the Mormon church are secret. They are not known. The ghostly compact of the Twelve Apostles is not public. It is secret. But reasoning backward from what happens publicly it is be- lieved by many that in that system of obligations some- where there is evaporated by oath the principle of Ameri- can citizenship and its condensation into the hands of the hierarchy. When the members of a church are known to hold publicly certain political convictions and to vote against them as members of the state it is evidence that they have surrendered to the church their right of pri- vate judgment. That is the situation that is believed to exist in Utah. If it exist it is the end of civil govern- ment. It is the subversion of the state by the church. ! friend, ‘a carload of rat traps? | saw ! jurist, “what do you wapt?" TALK: O i e Well Named. “Funny hoWw men obtain and retain sobriquets, isn’t it?” said a commercmlI man on the train out of Prescott, Ariz. “There’s a man down here that I sell to twice a year, and the order he hands He buys for a string of stores that feed the cop- | me is worth bringing home. per mines down the road, and when I first began selling to him I wasn't sure | but that he was handing me a lit(lei jolly to keep my courage up. But hls‘ orders made good, his bills were always discounted for cash and he became the | lodestar of my hopes as I fared tonh; on my southern trip. “Last year, among other things, he ordered p carload of cheese—a carload; think of it! Well, the goods were de-l livered, duly stored in his warehouse and his account for the same settled with customary promptness. Three months later a friend of mine who trav-| els for a hardware house bléw in on the cheese plunger and was showing his prospectus to this man when suddenly | he spied an illustration of a rat trap. | “‘Say, young feller, by gosh, that's/ just what I want. Some of them durned | rats have got into my cheese up in| the warehouse. Say, send me down a carload, young feller. “‘“What,” exclaimed my hardware| “ “That's just what I want, sir,” he re- plied. “In due time the carload of rat traps arrived, and since that day the plunger has been known as ‘Rat-trap Riley’ the length and breadth of the Territory. Embarrassed. “Chudge, can you gif me some mo- mends?” said a big,. good-natured looking German the other day to Judge Graham as he was about to en- ter his chambers. “Certainly,” said Graham, ushering the Teuton into the room. “What can | 1'do for you?” The German stood on one foot and then on the other, twisted his hat all out of shape, started to say something and then commenced twisting and turning again. “I'm in a hurry, my man,” said the Judge; “you will have to be quick.” Still the German did not speak. He seemed to get more excited, and then after a moment into his inside coat- pocket went a huge fist. In a twink- ling it again came into view, contain- ing a legal looking document. “Some advices, Chudge,” he blurted out; “please gif it to me.” The Judge opened the document and that it was a license for John | Schmidt to marry Wilhelmina Strauss. | o “Well, well,” said the exasperated “Oh, ‘Chudge, please do help me ouid!” cried the German. “Tell me somedings vot I must do. I was lof Wilhelmina like anydings. I lof Kat- rina Schultz more better. Yesterday night Katrina say ‘yes’ and to-day I come by der hall to get me some li- censes to get married alretty. I get der | paper and den I go me by Katrina's house so she look at it. She see dot| paper and den she scream drei’ times and run ouid. I look myselluf in der | paper and I see dot I am a chackass. | I find me dot I got der license to mar- ry Wilhelmina. Please, Chudge, give me some advices.” Democratic Prekate. Dr. Winnington-Ingram, the Bishop | of Londen, is an unconventional as President Roosevelt. He is the bosom friend of the East End costermongers. They ride with him in his carriage, | and he rides with them in theirs. The accident that one is a landau drawn by a horse and the other a barrow | drawn by a donkey makes no difler-} ence. His camaraderie is natural, not | affected. He is an Oxford man, but | he knows how to mix the Oxford ac- cent with the Cockney dialect. His | rough, practical common sense recalls | that of the late Dr. Temple, but he is | free from that great Archbishop's fa- | mous brusquerie. He is ne orator. His energy takes the English form of administrative passion. He is a lean, laborious man, restless, quick, keen, nervous, every feature | alive with intense purpose, his muscles | like coiled springssready to release. The candid flash of his eye recalls the | glance of John Morley. Add to it the sharp vigilance of Anthony Hope and | you have a rough sketch of his ex- | pression.—Booklovers’ Magazine. Transmigration. Glory lay on the hill-top, Glory slept in the glade; Oh! that morning and evening!— Apostle Woodruff says American citizenship comes from God. While that declaration may be open to more than one interpretation its meaning intended by him is ‘obvious. According to the institutes and practice of the Mormon church it is the representative to its people of God on earth. Citizenship, not inhering in birth or nat- ‘uralization, not being a civil condition, originating in the laws of the state and for the purposes of the state, be- comes, according to the apostle, a concern solely of the church. This is the necessary conclusion of his premise. The state imposes obligations and penalties upon the re- sponsibility of citizenship. It forbids treason, but that which the state defines as treason to' it may be held to’ be loyalty to the church, the representative and agent of ‘God, of whom the apostles are the vicegerents. The theory of citizenship held by the apostle and prac- ticed by the church is of interest because of the quite uncertain state of the fundamental law. The constitu- tion forbids lhat;'Congreu pass any law respecting the jous test shall be required as a qualification for any office or trust under the United States. When a church subor- dinates citizenship and dictates its exercise it has estab- lished a religious test for office and, using the state as an agent, is_doing what the state cannot do as principal. Woodruff’s appearance in the discussion supplies ma- terial for those who watch w'rt:gre over the political equality of the believers in all forms of religion. The first God ever made. I watched your deep eyes darken, You watched my bosom heave, For you were the first man, Adam, I, the first woman, Eve. The blue of the sky seemed tangled In sudden, silvery mist, And the new-made earth was shaken By the first kiss ever kissed. To-day, with the eyes of a stranger, You met my gaze once more; But you are no longer Adam. . While I am Eve, to the core. Strange, that I should remember, More strange you should not know That we were the two in the Garden, Six thousand years ago! —Collier's Weekly. “Alaska’s Giant Glacier. Muir Glacier, which is nearly as large as the State of Rhode Island, has receded nearly three miles since 1899. Formerly the glacier was visited by great crowds of tourists, -who found it one of the most wonderful sights in wonderful Algska; but in the fall of 1899 a great earthquake shook the huge mgss so violently that im- mense fragments were tumbled from its ice front, preventing tourists from approaching nearer than five or ten miles. During the past summer a mem- ber of the National Geographic So- clety, C. L. Andrews of Skagway, and a photographer, desiring the changes Illustrated I THE TOWN ! | | It is not improbable that | glacier is near at hand. { sidiary conditions, is orama in a separate building, the spec- | Cal. The Representative from the First Mr. publishes an account of what he found | | - in the National Geographic Magazine for December. Muir Glacier is not a narrow river of ice of the ordi alpine type, but rather a broad la of ice fed by tributary streams fr many directions and discharging through an outlet valley to Glac Bay. The map which Mr. Andr publishes shows that the glacier has retreated nearly three miles and has lost about ten square miles of area the end the career of the Muir as a tidewater Alcoholism Hidden. Switzerland is a country in which very little drunkenness is to be ob- served, for the good and sufficient reason that the police arrest om the spot every person whe shows the least sign of intoxication. There is, never- theless, a large amount of secret drink- ing, and especially in French Switzer- land absinthe has of late increased in use till its ravages are very noticeable. The government recognizes the drink problem as a most serious one, and is doing all it can to find means for its control. Ome of its recent investiga- tions concerns the death rate from alcoholism. Statistics of this nature are usually Inaccurate, for the reason ‘ that it is often impessible to find o just to” what extent a deceased person has been given to the use of liquors. The facts thus collected show that among males over 20 years of age the deaths from delirfum tremens average half of 1 per cent. This is ten times the rate officially recorded in France by the old and imperfect statistical methods. For males over 70 years of age alcohol is given as the principal or concomitant cause of death in 10 per cent of the cases. The general death rate directly referable to acute chronic alcoholism, without in- cluding hepatic cirrhosis or other sub- 3 per cent, This showing must admittedly be regarded an alarming one, and as sufficient justification for the most strenuaus ef- forts in the cause of temper@nce.— Chicage Record-Herald. A Good Suggestion. Denicke, the enterprising mem- ber of the California Promotion Com- mittee, in a communication to The Call offers the following unique suggestion for a San Francisco feature at the World's Fair. He writes: “Permit me to suggest a circular pan- E. A. - tator to stand on Goat Island, Twin Peaks, Rincon Hill, Alta square or oth- er point as may be thought best. We have a number of artists in this city whe, if employed at once, could get the painting done in time. Answers to Queric BAMBOO—Subscriber, City. The av- erage height of the bamboo is from twenty to thirty feet. Some species attain a height of from seventy to one hundred feet. PRE-EMPTION FILING--An Old Subseriber, Marysville, Cal. A pre- emption filing is no bar to a homestead entry under the United States law. The first aetual settler who makes entry three months after actual settiement is entitled to land, while the first man to make entry may have been the last to make settlement, and hence have the least claim to the land. DEATH PENALTY—A. O. S. City. Greece enforces the death pemalty for capital erimes. The executiomer is a condemned murderer who is given the choice of executing others or being himself executed. If he accepts he be- comes the executioner during life or until by age is unable to perform the duties of his office. The one so chosen is required to live alone in an old tower built by Venetians on an islet outside of the port of Nauplia, where necn“ saries are taken to him every morning by a boatman. COUPONS—Mec., City. If a toba conist abstracts from packages of to- bacco coupons which ought to go to the purchaser, so that he may profit by the use of them for himself, he is engaged in very small business, but this department does not know of any law that will reach him. The pack- ages are his until he sells them and he is at liberty to do with them as he pleases; but to deprive customers of the coupons they expect when mak- ing a purchase is a dishonest practi which can be punished only by geas- ing to patronize the dealer, REPRESENTATIVE—L., . Redding. Co 1 District at this time is ° J. mc of Eureka, (llnmhol:t County. His predecessor from the le"mnfla was Frank L. Coombs of Napa, Napa County. During the in- cumbency of Coombs, Mendocino, Napa and Sonoma counties were in the First District; now they are ng,m Second District. Alpine, Calaveras, Mariposa, Nevada, El Dorado, Amador and Tuo- lumne counties, formerly in the Second District, are now in the First, ——————————— Qutfits for oil painting, water color, ing and taking photographs’ are de- :.E.‘u:'lor Christmas. Sanborn, \';11. Q.' Townsend's Californid glace fruits and candies, Hc a pound. in artistic fize- boxes. A nice for et wmmfil’. EELEEALETE